Toxic, prophylactic and therapeutic effects of AZT on SIVmac infection of newborn rhesus macaques.

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Toxic, prophylactic and therapeutic effects of AZT on SIVmac infection of newborn rhesus macaques.

Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1993 Sep 19-22;11:abstract no. 103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM11/94191600
Van Rompay K; Otsyula M; Joye S; Ghafourpour K; McChesney M; Pedersen N; Marthas M; California Reg. Primate Res. Center, Davis 95616.

Abstract: GOAL: To study the toxic and antiviral effects of AZT on the course of SIV infection of newborn rhesus macaques. METHODS: TABULAR DATA, SEE ABSTRACT VOLUME. Twelve newborn (< 72 hours) rhesus macaques were inoculated i.v. with 10-100 animal ID100 of uncloned SIVmac. Group 1 was used as a control group. Group 2 and group 3 were SIV-inoculated and AZT treated (25 mg/kg 3x per day orally) starting 2 hours prior (group 2) or simultaneously (group 3) with SIV inoculation. Two animals (group 4) were not SIV-inoculated but were given AZT to monitor AZT toxicity. RESULTS: AZT toxicity consisted of a mild anemia in all AZT treated animals, and neutropenia in one animal in group 4. Animals in group 1 showed a persistent high cell-associated (PBMC) virus load and had persistent plasma viremia from 1 week on. At 10 weeks post-inoc., no virus has been isolated yet from one animal of group 3. The other animals in group 2 and 3 all became infected, but have a low cell-associated virus load, and plasma viremia was absent or was delayed, reduced and transient. Antibody titers, CTL and CD4/CD8 data will be presented. At 10 weeks after virus inoculation, 4 out of 6 animals in group 1 have died with clinical signs of SAIDS, and the remaining 2 animals in this group are symptomatic; all AZT-treated animals are healthy. CONCLUSIONS: 1) SIVmac infection of newborn rhesus macaques results in high titers of virus in blood and rapid course of disease progression. 2) AZT administration to SIV-inoculated newborn rhesus significantly reduced virus levels and delayed disease progression.

Keywords: Anemia/CHEMICALLY INDUCED Animal Animals, Newborn Macaca mulatta Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*DRUG THERAPY/ *PREVENTION & CONTROL/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY SIV/DRUG EFFECTS/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT/*ISOLATION & PURIF Time Factors Zidovudine/*TOXICITY/*THERAPEUTIC USE ABSTRACT
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M9470918

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