Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1994. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
HIV-2 infected monkeys as a model for HIV seroprevalence studies on exchanged needles from intravenous drug users.
Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1993 Sep 19-22;11:abstract no. 53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM11/94191648 Yee J; Bucardo J; Guydish J; Jennings M; Dept. of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis.
Abstract:
To evaluate and establish testing strategies for needles/syringes (as a minimally intrusive means of determining HIV seroprevalence in intravenous drug users in needle exchange programs) we have used blood from rhesus macaques experimentally infected with HIV-2. This model provides repeated, controlled access to blood from monkeys with known viral, immune, and disease status following infection with a known virus at a known time. Needle/syringes can be contaminated with blood and cleaned/disinfected under controlled, safe conditions simulating injection drug use. This study examines the effects of time from needle use until testing and the effects of rinsing with bleach before/after needle use. Four sets of needle/syringes were prepared with blood from infected and uninfected monkeys. Set A was exposed to blood only. Set B was exposed to blood and then rinsed through with buffer (simulating the drug injection). Set C was identical to B but followed by rinsing twice with bleach and twice with water as instructed on bleach bottles given to intravenous drug users for cleaning and disinfection. Set D was the reverse of C with the bleach/water rinsing preceding the blood/buffer rinse. At day 0 through week 2, HIV antibody was detected in sets A, B, and D. By testing wash fluids we determined that the lack of reactivity in set C was due to the volume/number of rinses, not exposure to bleach. New cleaning/disinfection guidelines released in April 1993 are currently being evaluated. If exchanged needles/syringes are rinsed/bleached before exchange, testing for antibody may result in an underestimate of seroprevalence.
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*BLOOD/*TRANSMISSION Animal Disease Models, Animal Disinfection/STANDARDS Guidelines Human *HIV Seroprevalence *HIV-2 Macaca mulatta *Needle Sharing Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*TRANSMISSION Species Specificity *Substance Abuse, Intravenous ABSTRACT 940730
M9470870
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1994. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
