Acetylation phenotype and hypersensitivity (HS) to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in HIV-infected patients. NLM AIDSLINE Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1994. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

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Acetylation phenotype and hypersensitivity (HS) to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in HIV-infected patients.

Annu Conf Australas Soc HIV Med. 1993 Oct 28-30;5:31 (abstract no. TC11). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ASHM5/94348954
Carr A; Gross A; Cooper DA; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital.

Abstract: AIMS: HS to TMP-SMX is more common in patients with HIV infection. In those without HIV infection, HS is more common in those with a slow acetylator phenotype. A study was conducted to determine if the slow acetylation phenotype is associated with an increased risk of HS to TMP-SMX in patients with HIV. METHODS: Acetylation phenotype was determined by measuring the ratio of two urinary caffeine metabolites, 5-acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyl uracil and 1-methyl xanthine after ingestion of a single 200 mg dose of caffeine. RESULTS: Of the 28 subjects, 20 (71%) expressed a slow acetylation phenotype and 8 (29%) a fast phenotype. Of the 16 subjects with prior HS, 15 (94%) had a slow acetylation phenotype, versus 5 (42%) of 12 subjects with a fast phenotype (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected subjects have an increased prevalence of the slow acetylation phenotype. A slow acetylation phenotype correlates with a history of HS to TMP-SMX.
Keywords: Acetylation Caffeine/DIAGNOSTIC USE/PHARMACOKINETICS Drug Hypersensitivity/*GENETICS Human HIV Infections/*DRUG THERAPY/GENETICS *Phenotype Risk Factors Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination/*ADVERSE EFFECTS/ PHARMACOKINETICS/THERAPEUTIC USE ABSTRACTKWDacetylationcaffeine/diagnosticuse/pharmacokineticsdrughypersensitivity/KWDgeneticshumanhivinfections/KWDdrugtherapy/geneticsKWDphenotyperiskfactorstrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazolecombination/KWDadverseeffects/pharmacokinetics/therapeuticuseabstract
941230
M94C4273

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