[Leicester, England] : The Unit, c1991 1 videocassette (35 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9423547
Campbell A
(Producer) Program explains in detail the disease s history, biology, and forms of transmission, as well as recommended treatments, services, and methods of prevention.
[Australia] : Film Australia ; [England?] : Channel Four, c1992 4 videocassettes (208 min.) : sd., col. with b&w ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9431270
Swan N; Porter R
(Producer) Pt. 1 investigates through various case studies how epidemics break out, and also covers environmental ailments such as carpal tunnel syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, and heart disease. Pt. 2 concentrates on bubonic plague (Black Death) and cholera, giving an historical account of the spread of t
[Cape Town] : Economic Trends Research Group, Development Policy Research Unit, University of Cape Town, 1991 60 p. : ill (ET working paper ; no. 5) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9431353
Johannesburg : Centre for Health Policy, Dept. of Community Health, University of the Witwatersrand, [1991] 7 leaves : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9432245
New York : United Hospital Fund of New York, c1992 ix, 75 p. : ill (A Special report / United Hospital Fund of New York) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9414741
Paris ; New York : Springer-Verlag, c1993 xiv, 226 p. : ill (Monographies de l'Association francaise de chirurgie) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9418149
Rockville, MD (Executive Office Center, Suite 501, 2101 E. Jefferson St., Rockville 20852) : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, [1994] 17 p. : ill (Clinical practice guideline ; no. 7. Consumer guide) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9423490
Bills ND; Hinrichs SH; Birt DD; Dept. of Pathology and Microbiology, Eppley Inst. for Res. in; Cancer and Allied Diseases, Univ. Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha,; NE 68198-5120
Tumor onset is significantly delayed (21 days later than controls) by feeding a folate restricted diet to mice transgenic for the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 tax (HTLV-1 tax) gene (J Natl Canc Inst 84(5):332-7, 1992). These mice develop tumors with a well-defined time of onset and tissue involvement. To test oth
24th Annual Meeting of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists. February 7-10, 1993, Palm Desert, CA, A32 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698473
Wright T; Chiasson M; Ellerbrock T; Cervical Disease Study Group, Columbia Presbyterian Hosp., New; York, NY
Objectives and design: Recent reports have suggested that in HIV-infected women the risk of cervical cancer and its precursors is increased and Pap smear screening may not be valid. We have performed a cross-sectional study of 303 HIV-infected women to better determine the prevalence of CIN, the association between CI
Chinnock B; Martinez-Zaguilan R; Way D; Witte MH; Wald-Hopkins S; Gillies R; Univ. of Arizona Coll. of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724
Changes in intracellular pH (pHi) and calcium (Ca2+) play a major role in signal transduction leading to cell growth, differentiation and transformation. In some tumor cell lines, vacuolar-type H+-ATPases (V-HA) are important in pHi regulation. To clarify the neoplastic nature and endothelial origin of Kaposi sarcoma
International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases, 16th Symposium. July 11-16, 1993, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, A38, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698640
Yoshida M; Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Inst. of Medical; Science, Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo 108, Japan
A human retrovirus, HTLV-1, is known as an etiologic agent for adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The regulatory gene tax appeared to enhance expression of the viral genes and also of certain cellular genes. Through the activation of some cellular genes, Tax has been proposed to co
International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases, 16th Symposium. July 11-16, 1993, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, A39, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698641
Black AC; Ruland CT; Bakker A; Luo J; Rosenblatt JD; Div. of Hematology/Oncology, Dept. of Medicine, UCLA Sch. of; Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1678
The shift from viral regulatory to structural gene expression in human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLVs) and human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) is mediated by Rex and Rev, respectively. Both Rev and Rex interact with cognate RNA response elements to overcome the inhibitory effects of cis-acting repressive elements lo
International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases, 16th Symposium. July 11-16, 1993, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, A43, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698643
Radke K; Dept. of Avian Sciences, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616
A hallmark of infection by bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and its relative, human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), is that the virus is virtually silent, while infected lymphocytes circulate through peripheral blood. Infection may also be latent in most infected lymphocytes within lymphoid tissues. Nevertheless, some cells
International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases, 16th Symposium. July 11-16, 1993, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, A53, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698651
Dosik H; Welles SL; Lee SL; Cervantes J; Miotti A; Bertoni M; Levine PH; Interfaith Medical Center, St. Mary's Hosp., Brooklyn, NY
ATL and its causal agent, the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-I) are most prevalent in Japan and Jamaica . Another potential area of endemic HTLV-I infection is the United States (US), where most case
International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases, 16th Symposium. July 11-16, 1993, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, A55, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698653
The region comprised between amino acids 175 and 199 of the HTLV-I envelope glycoprotein is known to be one of the immunodominant domains of this molecule (Horal et al, 1991). This region is recognized by several monoclonal antibodies (MAbs): 0.5 alpha (Matsushita et al, 1986), LAT-27 (Tanaka et al, 1991), KE36-11 (Ku
International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases, 16th Symposium. July 11-16, 1993, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, A56, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698654
Maruyama K; Fukushima T; Mochizuki S; Kawamura K; Koshikawa N; Miyauchi M; Nakano M; Chiba Cancer Center Res. Inst., Chiba, Japan
Our earlier observation of the higher HTLV-I seroprevalence in nontransfused cancer patients than in healthy persons prompted us to search for DNA sequences related to HTLV-I in cancer patients. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues, sera, and/or cultured cells from 20 HTLV-I seropositive patients including
International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases, 16th Symposium. July 11-16, 1993, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, A57, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698655
Kannagi M; Matsushita S; Harada S; Kumamoto Univ. Sch. of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
Human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-I) persistently infects human T lymphocytes, and is associated with both malignant and inflammatory diseases. HTLV-I-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are considered to contribute to in vivo surveillance and elimination of HTLV-I-infected cells. HTLV-I-specific CTL can be
International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases, 16th Symposium. July 11-16, 1993, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, A59, 1993.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94698656
Ahmad A; Menezes J; Lab. of Immunovirology, Ste-Justine Hosp. and Univ. of Montreal,; 3175 Ste-Catherine Rd., Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1C5
A CD4-positive human leukemic cell line (CEM) was transfected with the env gene of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Two expression vectors with or without the potential to encode the regulatory protein vpu were used. The transfected cell clones expressing the env gene-encoded proteins were established.
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A4 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600001
Timmerman JM; Northfelt DW; Small EJ; Univ. of California, San Francisco, 94143-1270
Objectives: To determine how HIV-infected patients (pts) tolerate and respond to treatment for GCT, and how GCT histology and stage compare among HIV+ vs HIV- pts. Methods: 272 pts diagnosed or treated for GCT from 1980 to 1993 were reviewed. 9 new cases among HIV+ men were identified; these were analyzed together wit
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A5 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600002
Northfelt DW; Univ. of California, San Francisco 94143-1270
Objectives: (1) Compare DOX concentrations in paired biopsy specimens of AIDS-KS and normal skin following treatment with SLD; (2) Establish pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters for two dose levels of SLD; (3) Assess safety of SLD following single dose administration. Methods: 24 patients (pts) with biopsy-proven AIDS-KS w
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A9 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600006
Cassileth B; Bennett CL; Bastian L; Duke Univ., Durham NC
Blacks and Hispanics with AIDS have poorer prognoses, although the primary causes are unknown. Medical records of 980 admissions to 55 hospitals in Los Angeles, Miami, and Chicago for AIDS-related PCP, the most common opportunistic infection, were reviewed. Factors associated with higher rates of in-hospital mortality
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A11 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600008
Levine AM; Weiss G; Tulpule A; Espina B; Anderson LJ; Boswell W; Esplin J; Von Hoff D; Univ. Southern Cal School Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
Methyl-glyoxal-bisguanylhydrazone (MGBG) interferes with polyamine biosynthesis, thought important in the stabilization of DNA. Used initially in the early 1980s on a daily or weekly basis, response rates of 29-40% were seen in de novo lymphoma, although toxicity (mucositis, vasculitis) was significant. With a long
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A12 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600009
Schmilovich A; Perez H; Gil Deza E; Cahn P; Casiro A; Grinberg N; Fundacion Huesped, Arcos 2626, 428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
E is a topoisomerase II inhibitor whose activity is schedule-dependent. Previous studies suggest that prolonged exposition to low concentrations are more cytotoxic than short exposition to high concentrations. Recent studies had shown also that E is active by oral route. AIDS pts have an increased incidence of E sensi
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A14 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600011
Hussain A; Rizvi A; Sattar A; Ahmed M; Augustin G; Savona S; New York Medical College Lincoln Hospital Bronx, NY 10451
Increased risk for cervical cancer has been associated with HIV infection by some authors. We wish to report our findings on abnormal PAP smears seen in an HIV clinic in an area with the second highest rate of heterosexually transmitted, IVDA-associated HIV infection (1.2/10(3) population) and highest rate of heterose
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A15 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600012
McPherson E; Perez M; Tassy P; Hazel E; Memorial Hospital-RIMA, Department of Medicine, AIDS Program,; Hematology/Oncology, Roosevelt Island, NY
Beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) is present on the surface of many somatic cells including T and B lymphocytes and macrophages as a subunit of the class I major histocompatibility complex. Serum B2M concentrations reflect immune-system activation and elevated levels of B2M are seen in patients with AIDS-defining malignancie
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A17 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600014
Von Roenn JH; Gordon LI; Grace W; Anderson J; Eickhoff C; Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL
HIV-infected patients (pts) develop multilineage marrow suppression which may compromise the ability to deliver optimal therapy. IL-3 is a hematopoietic growth factor which preferentially supports the proliferation of early multilineage progenitor cells. IL-3, like GM-CSF, has been shown in vitro to augment HIV expres
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A18 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600015
Lee J; Kaplan LD; Conant M; Northfelt DW; Univ. of California, San Francisco 94143-1270
Objectives: To better define the natural history of PCNSL, evaluate the efficacy of standard radiotherapy (RadRx), and determine the causes of death in affected patients (pts). Methods: 56 HIV-infected pts with pathologically documented PCNSL were identified in the UCSF Tumor Registry from January 1988 to December 199
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A19 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600016
Bernstein ZP; Porter M; Grimes P; Caligiuri MA; Dept. of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Inst., Buffalo, NY 14263
If the increased incidence of malignancy in patients (pts) with HIV infection results from T cell deficiencies, protracted therapy with IL-2 may partially restore the immune response. We have begun a Phase I trial evaluating clinical, pharmacological, and immunological
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A23 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600020
Eckhardt SG; Burris HA; Eckardt JR; Weiss G; Rinaldi D; Barrington R; Smith L; Fields S; Kuhn J; Smith S; et al; The Cancer Therapy and Research Center, San Antonio, TX 78229
DS4152 is a novel angiogenesis inhibitor isolated from a low molecular weight fraction of a sulfated polysaccharide produced by the bacterium Arthrobacter. Its inhibitory effect on endothelial cell migration and proliferation is thought to be mediated by the inhibition of the binding of fibroblast growth factor to end
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A24 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600021
Thommes J; Northfelt D; Rios A; Krown S; Leff R; Dosik G; Aboulafia D; Henry D; Pacific Oaks Medical Group, Beverly Hills, CA
Forty-eight patients (pts) with AIDS-KS refractory to or intolerant of conventional systemic chemotherapy were evaluated for response to D-SL. D-SL 20 mg/m2 was administered every 3 wk (with cycle length modified depending on adverse events and response) for up to 10 cycles. KS lesions were evaluated according to ACTG
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A1267 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94601263
Younes A; Sarris A; McLaughlin P; Romaguera J; Jendiroba D; Swan F; Rodriguez A; Hagemeister F; Moore D; Cabanillas F; UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
In August 1993, a Phase II trial of taxol given as a 3-hr infusion in relapsed NHL was initiated. Patients were eligible if they had pathologically documented relapsed low grade or intermediate grade lymphomas, a performance status of greater than or equal to 60% (Karnofsky), measurable disease, a platelet count of gr
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A1275 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94601271
Blay JY; Bouhour D; Negrier S; Salles G; Philip T; Biron P; Centre L Berard, rue Laennec 69008, Lyon, France
Non HIV primary cerebral lymphoma (PCL) still have a poor prognosis with five years survival ranging between 5 and 30% in most series. Here, we report on a pilot study of the LMB regimen followed by radiotherapy in 20 patients (pts) with PCL. Pts received 2 courses of COPADEM (VCR 2 mg d1, MTX 3 g/m2 d1, CPM 500 mg/m2
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A1294 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94601290
Wilson WH; Kingma DW; Wittes R; Greiner TC; Jaffe ES; Medicine Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD
LYG is characterized by an angiocentric and angiodestructive infiltration of predominantly T-lymphocytes with varying amounts of tissue necrosis. It typically presents in extranodal tissues, and is divided into 3 grades (grd) depending on the extent of tissue necrosis and cytologic atypia. Up to 30% of pts with grd I
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A1 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94699997
Shepherd F; Beaulieu R; Murphy K; Gelmon K; Thuot C; Sawka C; Singer J; Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, BC Canada
Moderate to high-dose IFN induces clinical response in up to 40% of patients (pts) with KS, but, pts require frequent dose reduction or discontinuation of treatment for toxicity, and high dose IFN may not be given concurrently with AZT . This study was
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A3 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94699999
Staddon A; Henry D; Bonnem E; Graduate Hosp., Philadelphia, PA 19146
rPF4 is an angiogenesis inhibitor currently being tested in cancer. A prior study (ASCO 1993) established an acceptable safety profile and provided preliminary evidence of biologic activity with 4 wk of treatment. To further assess the activity of rPF4, we initiated a dose finding study of rPF4 administered via intral
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A7 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600004
Sparano JA; Wiernik PH; Dutcher JP; Sarta C; Leaf A; Hu XP; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx,; NY 10467
We reported a 75% complete response (CR) rate and 18 mo median survival for 16 patients (pts) with HIV-related NHL treated with infusional CDE (Blood 81:2810, 1993; Proc ASCO 12:51, 1993), but observed substantial hematopoietic toxicity and decreased CD4+ lymphocytes (111/ul +/- 23 pre vs 52 +/- 12 post 2 cycles, P =
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A10 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600007
Tulpule A; Anderson LJ; Levine AM; Espina B; Esplin J; Boswell W; Scadden D; Esseltine D; Epstein CL; Univ. Southern Calif School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
Prognosis for pts with relapsed or refractory AIDS-lymphoma is very poor, with median survival only 2 to 3 months, despite further chemotherapy. In an attempt to seek alternative modalities of treatment, anti-B4bR was employed in 9 pts. A murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody against the CD19 antigen, present on normal B ce
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 13:A16 1994. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/94600013
Belani CP; Elder K; White CS; Haramati LH; Karp J; Mason A; Hussain A; University of Maryland, Baltimore
The clinical spectrum of lung cancer (LC) occurring in HIV-infected patients (pts) remains undefined. We report a series of 23 pts who developed HIV infection that antedated the development of LC by 0-60 mo. The M:F ratio in this group was 19:4. The breakdown of risk factors for HIV included: homosexuality (3 pts), iv
Since November 1986, we have collected data on 407 pts with peripheral AIDS-NHL observed in several Italian institutions of the GICAT. 62% of pts were intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in accordance to the overall epidemiology of HIV infection in Italy , 83% were males, the median age w
Rev Med Interne. 1992 Nov;13(6):430-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94225091
Bletry O; Service de Medecine Interne, Hopital de la Pitie, Paris.
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) must be distinguished from supine hypotension made worse by standing up and, in particular, from vasovagal syncope. At first approximation, asympathicotonic invariable pulse OH virtually always related to an organic lesion of the baroreflex arch must be distinguished from variable pulse OH
The authors report two cases of hematophagic histiocytosis in HIV positive patients. In the first case, a patient with Kaposi sarcoma and Mycobacterium avium infection had a rapidly deteriorating course with progressive pancytopenia and death, as generally described in the literature. In the second case, hematophagic
Rev Med Interne. 1992 Nov;13(6):460-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94225098
Dumontet C; Biron F; Boibieux A; Allaouchiche B; Peyramond D; Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Hopital de la Croix Rousse,; Lyon.
The role of drugs inhibiting viral replication in patients infected with HIV has been confirmed. Until now only dideoxynucleosides, which are reverse transcriptase inhibitors, have demonstrated antiviral activity in humans. A number of compounds acting on other steps of the viral cycle are currently being evaluated an
Vasconcelos PF; Macedo O; da Rosa JF; Queiroz BH; de Souza Filho MG; dos Reis RM; Servico de Arbovirus, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Fundacao,; Nacional de Saude, Ministerio da Saude, Belem, Para, Brasil.
During three years (1988-1990) blood samples from 307 people were taken to test antibodies for Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) in homo and bisexual males living in Belem, being 149 (48.5%) of the former and 158 (51.5%) of the later. All patients requested examinations spontaneously to find out their status
Redleaf MI; Bauer CA; Robinson RA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of; Iowa Hospitals, Iowa City.
Parotid enlargement is common in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. We present a case of cytomegalovirus infection of the parotid gland in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This case is notable because fine-needle aspiration provided th
Biol Psychiatry. 1994 Jan 1;35(1):27-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94220539
Achiron A; Noy S; Pras E; Lereya J; Hermesh H; Laor N; Department of Neurology, Beilinson Medical Center, Petah-Tiqva,; Israel.
Two-color flow cytometric analysis was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes of 16 untreated schizophrenic patients during an acute psychotic attack and 16 healthy control subjects to evaluate differences in T-cell subpopulations. In schizophrenic patients, we observed decrease in CD4+ 2H4+ (suppressor-inducer) an
Biol Psychiatry. 1994 Jan 1;35(1):54-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94220545
Schroeder MM; Handelsman L; Torres L; Dorfman D; Rinaldi P; Jacobson J; Wiener J; Ritter W; Psychiatry Services, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY; 10468.
HIV-1 (Human immunodeficiency virus) infection of the brain causes delays in auditory event-related potential (ERP) components. We recorded auditory ERPs from 38 former parenteral drug users (PDUs) at three stages of HIV-1 infection: seronegative; seropositive; stage II; and seropositive, stage IV. There were five res
Oken AC; Frank SM; Merritt WT; Fair J; Klein A; Burdick J; Thompson S; Beattie C; Department of Anesthesiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore,; MD 21205.
Partial veno-venous bypass (VVB) is commonly used in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Venous access for blood return during VVB classically uses a surgical cutdown on the left axillary vein (LAV), which may prolong operating time and can be associated with significant complications. The authors have developed aT
Berk RA; Nanda JP; School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University,; Baltimore, MD.
The authors report on the quantitative analysis phase in the development of the Healthcare Needs Scales for Patients with HIV/AIDS (Berk, Poe, & Bagis-Smith, 1992). The scales were administered to a cross-sectional sample of 386 patients from hospital, outpatient HIV clinic, homecare, and long-term care settings. T
Bradley-Springer L; Schwanberg SL; Frank B; New Mexico AIDS Education and Training Center, University of New; Mexico College of Nursing, Albuquerque.
This study assessed nurses reactions to the possibility of working with HIV-infected clients by the use of a sentence-completion format. A random sample of 2,434 nurses was completed with 502 (20.6%) nurses who provided 3,180 responses on the survey tool. Card sorting was used to discover themes that included positiv
Grossman AH; Department of Health Studies, School of Education, New York; University, New York City.
Whether they come out or hide their sexual orientation, most gay and lesbian youth experience the effects of prejudice and stigmatization emanating from society s homophobia. Having to cope with a disparaging and oppressive society creates unique stresses and developmental variations in identity development that are c
Blood. 1994 May 1;83(9):2737-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94220722
Krall WJ; Challita PM; Perlmutter LS; Skelton DC; Kohn DB; Division of Research Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation,; Childrens Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027.
Gaucher disease is an inherited lysosomal storage disease in which the loss in functional activity of glucocerebrosidase (GC) results in the storage of its lipid substrate in cells of the macrophage lineage. A gene therapy approach involving retroviral transduction of autologous bone marrow (BM) followed by transplant
The seroprevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections was determined in selected groups of patients from an STD clinic and in female prostitutes from two different states of India . A total of 809 sera from Maharashtra and of 61 sera from Goa were analyzed. Of the unscreened sera from Bom
McBride D; African and African-American Studies Department, Pennsylvania; State University, University Park 16802.
This article analyzes recent medical research and health data on persistent and resurgent tuberculosis within America s African-American population and other racial minorities. Case studies and epidemiologic data suggest that the African-American and minority-American community s experience with tuberculosis control p
Protein Expr Purif. 1994 Feb;5(1):76-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94220860
Sugrue RJ; Almond N; Kitchin P; Richardson SM; Wilderspin AF; Department of Crystallography, Birkbeck College, London, United; Kingdom.
We have cloned a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) proteinase gene directly from proviral DNA of the infectious viral stock SIVmac251-32H (11/88 pool). The deduced amino acid sequence from this proteinase gene is similar to that for the published SIVmac239 molecular clone. SIVmac251-32H proteinase (SIV PR) and its f
Chisin R; Weber AL; Department of Medical Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Hadassah; University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
CT and MRI are the most efficient imaging techniques for diagnosing lymphomas while Gallium-67 scintigraphy is used to assess treatment results. In this review, the imaging aspects of lymphoma are addressed according to anatomical subregions, from the orbit to the trachea, Waldeyer s ring being the most common site, i
Benjamin D; Park CD; Sharma V; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Arthur G. James Cancer; Hospital and Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio 43210.
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a novel lymphokine which exhibits strong DNA and amino acid sequence homology to BCRF1, an open reading frame in the Epstein-Barr virus genome. Using a wide panel of EBV positive and EBV negative cell lines, it has been shown that EBV positive B cell lines derived from patients with AIDS and
Saggioro D; Majone F; Forino M; Turchetto L; Leszl A; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, Interuniversity Center for Cancer Research; (CIRC), University of Padova, Italy.
Previous findings indicated that in vitro HTLV-I-infected cells are highly susceptible to spontaneous and chemically induced DNA-damage. To further study the role of different virus gene products in inducing chromosome abnormalities, MOLT-3 cells were transiently transfected with a tax expressing plasmid (pTax), and a
Jean-Baptiste G; Arfi S; Plumelle Y; Panelatti G; Mangin JL; Pascaline N; Service de Rhumatologie, CHU, Fort-de-France.
A retrospective study of 26 adults with acute T-cell leukemia showed that 14 patients (54%) had hypercalcemia at some point of the disease. Hypercalcemia was found at presentation in nine patients and revealed the disease in one. Eight patients had hypercalcemia at the time of death. Serum phosphorus and parathyroid h
In vivo administration of superantigens leads to activation and subsequent depletion or anergy of T cells expressing defined V beta-T cell receptors (TCR). Superantigens have therefore become intensively studied tools for examining parameters of immunoregulation and they may represent model antigens for pathogenic age
Buijs L; van der Meide P; Heeney JL; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, TNO-Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Recently much has been elucidated about the role of CD8 cells in HIV infection. Different mechanisms by which CD8 cells are able to control HIV infection have been observed. These mechanisms may be able to positively influence the duration of the asymptomatic period of HIV infection. The implications of studies on CD8
BACKGROUND. Hogdkin s disease is not an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining illness. However, Hodgkin s disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has a different natural history and therapeutic outcome than in the general population of Hodgkin s disease patients. METHODS. The
Chirmule N; Wang XP; Hu R; Oyaizu N; Roifman C; Pahwa R; Kalyanaraman VS; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital,; Cornell University Medical College, Manhasset, New York 11030.
T-cell-dependent B cell differentiation involves two phases: an inductive phase of T cell activation followed by an effector phase, which involves stimulation of B cells by activated T cells. We have previously demonstrated that anti-CD3 mAb and antigen-induced T-cell-dependent B cell functions are inhibited by HIV-1
Bourinbaiar AS; Nagorny R; Department of Biochemistry, New York University Medical Center,; New York 10016.
The effect of a serine protease inhibitor, N-alpha-tosyl-L-lysyl-chloromethyl ketone (TLCK), on cell adhesion and resulting cell-to-cell HIV-1 transmission was examined. Cell-mediated viral spread was blocked by 10(-4) M TLCK--the nontoxic dose at which the maximum inhibition of cell adhesion was achieved. TLCK (10(-4
Hugin AW; Cerny A; Morse HC 3rd; Laboratory of Immunopathology, NIAID, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Mice with a retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency were challenged with Listeria monocytogenes and resistance to this facultative intracellular bacterium was analyzed. Early innate immunity was unaltered or enhanced. Although immunodeficient mice had reduced bacterial titers after these reached their peak on Day 3, infec
1. Increased release of tumour necrosis factor is thought to contribute to human-immunodeficiency-virus-associated wasting syndrome. Elevated serum concentrations of tumour necrosis factor have, however, mainly been found during acute opportunistic infections and were not correlated with the degree of wasting. This fi
Carella G; Vallot T; Marra L; Istituto di Patologia Speciale Medica, Universita Cattolica del; S. Cuore di Roma.
The frequent combination of chronic antral gastritis with the presence of Helicobacter pylori has been known for ten years. On the basis of studies carried out so far, Helicobacter gastritis is very infrequent in patients suffering from AIDS with digestive pathology. Our study of 317 patients with AIDS confirms the lo
The degree of valvular regurgitation was measured by dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and colour-Doppler echocardiography (CDE) in 23 patients (14 men, 9 women; mean age 53 [19-75] years) with aortic (n = 13) or mitral (n = 10) regurgitation. Quantification by MRI was from a section corresponding to the four-c
Health Psychol. 1994 Jan;13(1):14-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94222012
Kemeny ME; Weiner H; Taylor SE; Schneider S; Visscher B; Fahey JL; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, School of; Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
The relationships among bereavement, depressed mood, and immunologic patterns prognostic for the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were determined in a sample of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive gay men and a comparison group of HIV seronegative gay men. Immunologic parameters wer
Health Psychol. 1994 Jan;13(1):25-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94222013
van der Velde FW; van der Pligt J; Hooykaas C; Department of Public Health, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
This study investigates the perceived risk of an HIV infection. Cognitive antecedents of biases in risk perception and their effects on behavioral intentions were investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative accuracy of risk assessments for samples that vary in actual risk for AIDS. Subjects w
Sheldon J; Murray E; Johnson A; Haines A; University College London Medical School, Department of Primary; Health Care, Whittington Hospital, UK.
The objective was to determine the current use of their general practitioner (GP) by patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and whether such patients would be interested in having shared care between a specialist HIV clinic and their GP. A questionnaire was administered to 203 HIV-positive men at
Gabel LL; Pearsol JA; Department of Family Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus.
Use of alcohol and drugs is highly correlated with acquiring the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the precursor to developing an AIDS-related condition. Today the USA faces not one but two epidemics, the twin epidemics of substance use and HIV infection. A needs assessment in the state of Ohio of the 300 state-supp
Health Soc Work. 1994 Feb;19(1):46-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94222354
Malekoff A; North Shore Child and Family Guidance Center, Rosyln Heights, NY; 11577.
This article demonstrates the use of action research, an approach combining various social work methods to raise community consciousness, stimulate intergroup and intergenerational interaction, and motivate people to work toward change both individually and collectively. The project described represents an effort to m
Farnham PG; Gorsky RD; Office of the Associate Director, HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease; Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
We use a Markov model to calculate the expected medical, disability, employee replacement, life insurance, and pension costs to a business firm for an HIV-infected employee. This analysis differs from previous HIV/AIDS cost analyses because we take the perspective of a business firm rather than of society, and we focu
Cherniak R; Sundstrom JB; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303.
The major significance of the capsular polysaccharide of C. neoformans is its role in potentiating opportunistic infections by the yeast. It has the ability to exert a broad spectrum of influences on the immune response, from activation of phagocytic cells and complement components of the alternative pathway, to the i
Levitz SM; Tabuni A; Kornfeld H; Reardon CC; Golenbock DT; Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research, Boston University; Medical Center Hospital, Massachusetts 02118.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a key mediator of inflammation and may promote human immunodeficiency virus replication in latently infected cells. Since cryptococcosis often is associated with aberrations in the host inflammatory response and occurs preferentially in persons with AIDS, we defined the condi
Bermudez LE; Young LS; Kuzell Institute for Arthritis and Infectious Diseases,; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San; Francisco 94115.
Organisms of the Mycobacterium avium complex cause disseminated blood-borne infection in patients with AIDS, who acquire the infection mainly through the gastrointestinal tract. Prior to causing infection, M. avium must colonize and invade the intestinal mucosa. This study examined the ability of several serovars of t
Health Care Women Int. 1994 Jan-Feb;15(1):1-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94222789
Jesson J; Luck M; Taylor J
The present research project provided women who are normally marginalized by society with an opportunity to give their opinions on health matters that are directly related to their working and personal lives. Discussion groups were held with women working in saunas or massage parlors (the sex industry) to obtain their
Fisman SN; Walsh L; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Children's Hospital of; Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Two cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in prepubertal children are described in which the predominant obsessive ruminations relate to fear of acquired immune deficiency (AIDS) contamination. The findings in these cases are discussed in relation to known demographic and clinical profiles of OCD in children an
Durden FM; Elewski B; Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University School; of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.
Patients infected with HIV are susceptible to many opportunistic fungal infections. Cryptococcus neoformans infection is particularly common in patients with AIDS. We describe a patient with disseminated cryptococcosis resembling molluscum contagiosum and review the typical cutaneous manifestations of disseminated cry
Sanchez MR; Ponge-Wilson I; Moy JA; Rosenthal S; Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University; Medical Center, NY 10016.
The severe immunosuppression associated with HIV infection increases susceptibility to opportunistic fungi. We describe a primary gangrenous cutaneous infection caused by Rhizopus arrhizus in an HIV-infected intravenous narcotic user. In addition, we review nine reported cases of zygomycosis in HIV-infected patients a
Lucht E; Sundqvist VA; Linde A; Bratt G; Sandstrom E; Heimdahl A; Nord CE; Wahren B; Dept. of Virology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease; Control, Stockholm, Sweden.
This study evaluated whether cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) neutralizing capacity affected shedding of CMV in saliva in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients and mapped specific epitope reactivity of CMV IgG an
Toltzis P; Mourton T; Magnuson T; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, School; of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
Previous experiments have indicated that zidovudine is cytotoxic to early murine embryos both in vivo and in vitro. Newer nucleoside analogs (ddI, ddC , and d4T ) with antiretroviral ac
Sahai J; Gallicano K; Pakuts A; Cameron DW; Clinical Investigation Unit, Ottawa General Hospital, Canada.
The effect of a therapeutic dose of fluconazole on the disposition of zidovudine was evaluated in 12 men infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The study was designed as a randomized, two-period, two-treatment, crossover trial. On two occasions, 21 days apart, patients received either zidovudine alone or zidovudi
Vernon SD; Reeves WC; Clancy KA; Laga M; St. Louis M; Gary HE Jr; Ryder RW; Manoka AT; Icenogle JP; Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Cericovaginal lavage samples from 124 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive and 126 HIV-1-seronegative women were collected monthly for 8 months and tested for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. The estimated prevalence of HPV was 42.8% in HIV-1-seropositive and 13.4% in -seronegative women (P
Heise C; Miller CJ; Lackner A; Dandekar S; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis; 95616.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated intestinal abnormalities can occur before immunodeficiency or infection with opportunistic enteropathogens. Rhesus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) develop an AIDS-like illness that frequently includes enteropathy. The development of enteropathy a
Weber T; Turner RW; Frye S; Ruf B; Haas J; Schielke E; Pohle HD; Luke W; Luer W; Felgenhauer K; et al; Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Georg-August-Universitat,; Gottingen, Germany.
Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 34 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 28 patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) were analyzed. As controls, 116 samples were evaluated from 82 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients and 1 HIV-1-negative patient. Of the HIV-1-posi
Spinola SM; Wild LM; Apicella MA; Gaspari AA; Campagnari AA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis.
Four subjects were experimentally infected with Haemophilus ducreyi. Lesions developed only at sites where live bacteria were inoculated on abraded skin. No subject developed fever, lymphadenopathy, or disseminated infection during a 3-day observation period. Two subjects who were rechallenged 2 months after initial i
Benfield TL; Schattenkerk JK; Hofmann B; Jensen BN; Nielsen TL; Lundgren JD; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University; of Copenhagen, Netherlands.
Forty-three human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) were enrolled in a study of adjunctive corticosteroid treatment for 10 days versus placebo, in addition to antimicrobial treatment. Levels of neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) were determined in consecutive
Schwebke J; Calsyn D; Shriver K; Saxon A; Kleyn J; Oluoch-Mitchell E; Olmstead L; Fisher LD; Krone M; Ashley R; et al; University of Washington Center for AIDS and Sexually Transmitted; Diseases, Seattle.
Intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in Seattle (n = 213) were studied to identify the prevalence and predominant types of and risk factors for human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection. Detailed questionnaires, serologic screening, and polymerase chain reaction analysis (for a subset) were used. Evidence of HTLV inf
Brown CC; Poli G; Lubaki N; St. Louis M; Davachi F; Musey L; Manzila T; Kovacs A; Quinn TC; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 29892.
Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and the ability of plasmas to induce HIV expression in chronically infected cell lines were measured in samples from adults, cord blood, and neonates from Zaire and North America. Plasma levels of TNF alpha were higher in Za
Thomas DL; Cannon RO; Shapiro CN; Hook EW 3rd; Alter MJ; Quinn TC; Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
The seroprevalences of and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis were determined among 1257 consecutive non-intravenous drug-using patients attending Baltimore sexually transmitted diseases clinics: 122 (9.7%) had antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV
The localization of Leishmania spp. in the larynx is rare but it has recently been described in patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The normal treatment given is antimonials. We describe a case of isolated leishmaniasis in the larynx which was cured by surgery. Our patient was a 47-year-old man wh
Takasaki K; Yoshimi R; Takamura H; Kumagami H; Department of Otolaryngology, Nagasaki University.
We studied the distribution of T lymphocyte subpopulations and EG2 positive cells in the inferior turbinates of subjects with latent nasal allergy by use of an immunohistochemical procedure. Five patients who had a positive skin test for house dust and one who had a positive skin test for Japanese cedar were studied.
Meissner HC; Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, New England Medical; Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.
The single most important respiratory pathogen in infancy and early childhood is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Approximately 40% of primary RSV infections in children result in lower respiratory tract disease. Approximately 1% of RSV-infected children require hospitalization. Especially in high-risk children, pri
Chao CC; Gekker G; Sheng WS; Hu S; Tsang M; Peterson PK; Neuroimmunobiology and Host Defense Laboratory, Minneapolis; Medical Research Foundation, Minnesota.
Opiates alter a variety of functional activities of the somatic immune system; within the central nervous system, however, their effects on immune responses are unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of morphine on the release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha from murine neonatal microglia. Micr
J Med Primatol. 1993 Sep-Oct;22(7-8):382-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94223669
Moazed TC; Thouless ME; Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, University; of Washington, Seattle 98195.
To elucidate sites of SRV-2/W persistence, tissue DNA from three groups of naturally infected Macaca nemestrina was analyzed for provirus: vertically transmitted, viremic, seronegative macaques; horizontally transmitted, viremic, seronegative macaques, and nonviremic seropositive macaques. In viremic animals infected
Meza AD; Bin-Sagheer S; Zuckerman MJ; Morales CA; Verghese A; Department of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences; Center, El Paso 79905.
This article reports a case of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) ileitis with perforation in a woman with transfusion-acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The clinical problem of small bowel perforation due to CMV disea
Idigbe EO; Nasidi A; Anyiwo CE; Onubogu C; Alabi S; Okoye R; Ugwu O; John EK; Bacteriology Laboratory, National Institute for Medical Research,; Yaba, Lagos.
To establish the prevalence of HIV antibodies in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 536 new cases presenting with symptoms of bronchopulmonary disorders were randomly selected from the six referral chest clinics in Lagos and screened for tuberculosis and HIV infections. Sputum and serum samples were obtained from a
Liepert DR; Kudryk WH; Jewell LD; Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton,; Canada.
Nasal lymphoma represents 2.2 to 6.8% of extranodal lymphomas and presents a difficult diagnosis due to the variability of cell populations. Lesions may evolve de novo or may develop as a spectrum of midline lethal granuloma (MLG). The majority of extranodal disease is felt to be of B-cell origin, but there is evidenc
This study was done to gather the basic information needed to identify how the home nursing care needs and implementation of self care is being carried out for chronically ill patients. The subjects of the study were 294 from chronically ill patients in a general hospital, a university hospital and seven primary healt
Yelverton E; Lindsley D; Yamauchi P; Gallant JA; University of Washington, Department of Genetics, Seattle 98195.
A 15-17 nucleotide sequence from the gag-pol ribosome frameshift site of HIV-1 directs analogous ribosomal frameshifting in Escherichia coli. Limitation for leucine, which is encoded precisely at the frameshift site, dramatically increased the frequency of leftward frameshifting. Limitation for phenylalanine or argini
Mo Med. 1994 Mar;91(3):132-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224219
Hamm RH; Donnell HD Jr; Watkins W; Office of Epidemiology, Missouri Department of Health, Jefferson; City 65102.
It has been 13 years since the initial report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) describing the condition that came to be known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Because of the public health significance of the AIDS epidemic, an elaborate national surveillance system, involving C
Brew BJ; Miller J; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
We retrospectively assessed the frequency and clinical characteristics of headache occurring in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in whom we had excluded all other causes, and determined the frequency of a similar headache in an HIV-negative group. Over a 1-year period, the HIV-related headache occu
Umehara F; Abe M; Nakagawa M; Izumo S; Arimura K; Matsumuro K; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
A Werner s syndrome patient with spastic paraparesis and polyneuropathy had slowing of central and peripheral nerve conduction. Sural nerve biopsy revealed a significantly higher frequency of demyelination and remyelination and a loss of myelinated fibers. These data suggest that the central and peripheral nervous sys
Graham JA; Hansen KK; Rabinowitz LG; Esterly NB; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee.
Pyoderma gangrenosum is an uncommon ulcerative skin disorder that occurs in all age groups. Approximately 4% of patients are infants and children. There are several notable differences between the childhood and adult manifestations of the disease, including the distribution of lesions and associated disorders. We revi
Protein Eng. 1994 Feb;7(2):145-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224745
Smythe JA; Nardelli B; Chatterjee P; Gallo RC; Gershoni JM
It has been demonstrated previously that molecular decoys of the acetylcholine receptor have therapeutic efficacy as antitoxins [Gershoni, J. and Aronheim, A. (1988) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 4087-4089], but surely a most challenging goal is to apply this approach towards the development of antiviral drugs. As vi
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3564-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224780
Mayaux JF; Bousseau A; Pauwels R; Huet T; Henin Y; Dereu N; Evers M; Soler F; Poujade C; De Clercq E; et al; Rhone Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherche de; Vitry-Alfortville, Vitry Sur Seine, France.
A series of triterpene compounds characterized by a stringent structure-activity relationship were identified as potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Currently studied botulinic derivatives have 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) against HIV-1 strain IIIB/LAI in
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3584-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224784
Hirai H; Suzuki T; Fujisawa J; Inoue J; Yoshida M; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of; Tokyo, Japan.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I causes adult T-cell leukemia and tropical spastic paraparesis, and its regulator protein Tax has been implicated in the pathogenic activity of human T-cell leukemia virus type I. Tax activates transcription of viral and cellular genes through specific enhancers: the 21-bp enhancer of
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3657-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224800
Smythe JA; Sun D; Thomson M; Markham PD; Reitz MS Jr; Gallo RC; Lisziewicz J; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
One strategy for somatic gene therapy for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is based on the regulated expression of dominant negative mutants of the HIV-1 gag gene. To limit expression of the mutant Gag polypeptide to HIV-1-infected cells, we have constructed a replication-defective retroviral vect
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3710-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/U07196
Ditzel HJ; Barbas SM; Barbas CF 3rd; Burton DR; Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla,; CA 92037.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive donors typically have high serum antibody titers to a range of autoantigens, and the corresponding autoantibodies have been suggested to be of importance in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. We have prepared 38 IgG human monoclonal autoantibodies from asympto
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3809-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224831
Barbas CF 3rd; Hu D; Dunlop N; Sawyer L; Cababa D; Hendry RM; Nara PL; Burton DR; Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, CA 92037.
A method is described that allows for the improvement of antibody affinity. This method, termed complementary-determining region (CDR) walking, does not require structural information on either antibody or antigen. Complementary-determining regions are targeted for random mutagenesis followed by selection for fitness,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3862-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224842
Adams M; Sharmeen L; Kimpton J; Romeo JM; Garcia JV; Peterlin BM; Groudine M; Emerman M; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine,; University of California, San Francisco 94143.
We have investigated the molecular basis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) latency in a tissue culture model and in HIV-infected people. We show that increased levels of Tat, but not Rev, can release the proviruses from latency in U1 cells. The absence of Tat in these cells is manifested by the accumulati
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):4096-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224890
Vacca JP; Dorsey BD; Schleif WA; Levin RB; McDaniel SL; Darke PL; Zugay J; Quintero JC; Blahy OM; Roth E; et al; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories,; West Point, PA 19486.
To date, numerous inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease have been reported, but few have been studied extensively in humans, primarily as a consequence of poor oral bioavailability in animal models. L-735,524 represents a class of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
Wang SW; Teng CS; Department of Anatomy, Physiological Sciences and Radiology,; College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University,; Raleight 27606.
Young cats, when chronically infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV), developed feline acquired immune deficiency syndrome (FAIDS). The syndrome was associated with a sequence of dysfunctions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and the immune system, manifested in the reduction of luteinizing hormone-releas
Zuerner RL; Leptospirosis and Mycobacteriosis Research Unit, U.S. Department; of Agriculture, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Iowa 50010.
The nucleotide sequence of IS1533, an insertion sequence-like element cloned from the spirochete Leptospira borgpetersenii, was determined. IS1533 contains imperfect terminal inverted repeats (IVR) of 31 bp flanking a 1402-bp internal sequence. A putative target sequence was identified, and insertion may result in dup
Targ EF; Karasic DH; Diefenbach PN; Anderson DA; Bystritsky A; Fawzy FI; Department of Psychiatry, UCSF School of Medicine.
In 1990, 20 asymptomatic persons diagnosed with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-positive) and mild-to-moderate depression were divided into 2 comparison groups. One group received structured group therapy plus fluoxetine, while the other received the same therapy plus a placebo. Affective, neurocognitive, and im
Wakefield AE; Miller RF; Guiver LA; Hopkin JM; Department of Paediatrics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a major complication of T-lymphocyte immune deficiency. Restriction of the disease to the alveolar spaces and failure to culture R. carinii has hindered simple diagnostic methods. We have developed a specific DNA amplification method for P. carinii and shown diagnostic sensitivity and
Systematic application of molecular techniques for epidemiology may serve as a useful tool in the evaluation of HIV transmission in small populations, and allows for better targeting of prevention programs while complementing classical epidemiological methods and preserving the privacy of individuals. Coded serum samp
Hillis DM; Huelsenbeck JP; Cunningham CW; Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
Molecular investigations of evolutionary history are being used to study subjects as diverse as the epidemiology of acquired immune deficiency syndrome and the origin of life. These studies depend on accurate estimates of phylogeny. The performance of methods of phylogenetic analysis can be assessed by numerical simul
Women Health. 1993;20(4):15-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94225823
Semple SJ; Patterson TL; Temoshok LR; McCutchan JA; Straits-Troster KA; Chandler JL; Grant I; University of California, San Diego.
This research describes major stressors in the lives of women who have been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Thirty-one HIV antibody positive (HIV+) women infected primarily through heterosexual contact participated in a two hour semi-structured interview detailing the circumstances, context, and
Levin M; Sanford R. Nalitt Center for Cancer and Blood-Related Diseases,; Staten Island University Hospital, N.Y. 10305.
We describe 2 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who presented with acute or subacute splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia secondary to disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). The patients were treated for immune thrombocytopenic purpura without success. Thrombocytopenia may be a prominent feature o
Naganuma H; Okamoto M; Shitara T; Tokumasu K; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kitasato University School of; Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
In 1990, the authors first started performing myringoplasty with temporal fascia homografts and fibrin glue in the outpatient clinic with consequent reduction in expenditure, time and patient physical stress. Of primary consideration in homogeneous transplantation is the possibility of infection by HIV or other pathog
Am Heart J. 1994 May;127(5):1226-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94226010
Blum A; Sclarovsky S; Rehavia E; Shohat B; Cardiovascular Division, Beilinson Medical Center, Petah Tiqva,; Israel.
T-lymphocyte levels may adversely affect the clinical course and outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To characterize the T-lymphocyte profile during AMI and to explore whether these cells play a detrimental role in the extent of myocardial insult, levels of T-lymphocyte subpopulations, free sol
Am J Med Sci. 1994 May;307(5):353-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94226204
Krantz SB; Department of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical; Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
The anemia of chronic disease may be viewed simply as the anemia that accompanies chronic inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic disorders. Because these conditions are very common, the anemia of chronic disease is one of the most frequent anemias encountered, and is only second in incidence to iron-deficiency anemia
Hansen ME; McIntire DD; Miller GL 3d; Redman HC; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center, Dallas 75235-9071.
OBJECTIVE: To determine current use of universal precautions by practicing interventional radiologists in the United States . METHODS: National survey mailed to interventional radiologists, conducted anonymously in November 1991. Of 1530 survey forms mailed to practicing interventional
Ann Intern Med. 1994 Jun 1;120(11):932-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94226433
Gallant JE; Moore RD; Chaisson RE; AIDS Service, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
OBJECTIVE: To review the efficacy of chemoprophylaxis for opportunistic infections in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DATA SOURCES: English-language articles on the prevention of HIV-related opportunistic infections were identified through MEDLINE (1985 to 1993) and through review of abstract
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1993;29(3):439-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94226460
Hutchings DE; Zmitrovich A; Church S; Malowany D; New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Development; Psychobiology, New York.
It has long been known that maternal addiction to opiates during pregnancy produces passive addiction in the newborn. When the synthetic opiate, methadone, became widely used for the treatment of heroin addiction, attention was focused on its possible reproductive and developmental toxicity. The clinical data clearly
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1993;29(3):451-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94226462
Carta S; Olivieri A; Sorcini M; Medda E; Fazzini C; Battisti P; Sorcini I; Grandolfo ME; Laboratorio di Metabolismo e Biochimica Patologica, Istituto; Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.
Endocrine dysfunctions were associated at different stages of infection, including those early in the course of HIV infection. In fact adrenal insufficiency, hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism, hyponatremia, reduced gonadotropins levels, gonadal abnormalities and changes in hormone-binding proteins were reported in HIV i
Thielens NM; Bally IM; Ebenbichler CF; Dierich MP; Arlaud GJ; Institut de Biologie Structurale, Laboratire d'Enzymologie; Moleculaire, Grenoble, France.
In contrast to animal retroviruses such as murine leukemia virus, HIV-1 is not lysed by human complement. Nevertheless, HIV-1 activates complement via the classical pathway independently of antibody. Evidence is provided for activation of the reconstituted C1 complex by the virus, resulting from direct interaction bet
Pharmacological modulation of the interaction between transcription factors and target DNA sequences of cellular and viral genes could have important effects in the experimental therapy of a large variety of human pathologies. For instance, alteration of the DNA/protein interaction might be among the molecular mechani
Guinan ME; Farnham PG; Holtgrave DR; Office of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, GA 30333.
We estimated the medical cost savings for a case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevented. Using medical care cost estimates, assumptions concerning knowledge of serostatus, time spent in various stages of HIV disease, and a discount factor, we estimated the present value of future cost savings for a
Ann Oncol. 1994;5 Suppl 1:113-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94226932
Rea D; Delecluse HJ; Hamilton-Dutoit SJ; Marelle L; Joab I; Edelman L; Finet JF; Raphael M; Departement d'Hematologie, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris,; France.
In acquired immunodeficiency, B-cell proliferation is usually associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), implying the impairment of the normal control of EBV and EBV-infected cells. It has been assumed that EBV infection is latent in lymphoproliferative disorders. In order to determine the type of latency and to invest
Ann Oncol. 1994;5 Suppl 1:13-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94226936
Waldmann TA; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Lymphoma cells often express lymphokine receptors that provide a target for therapy. For example, malignant cells of patients with HTLV-1-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) express IL-2 receptors. In contrast, normal resting cells do not express the IL-2 r
Ann Oncol. 1994;5 Suppl 1:7-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94226948
Jaffe ES; Zarate-Osorno A; Kingma DW; Raffeld M; Medeiros LJ; Hematopathology Section, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
BACKGROUND: While Hodgkin s disease (HD) and the non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHLs) have long been regarded as distinct disease entities, recent observations suggest a closer association. The analysis of cases in which both diseases are present in the same anatomic site (composite lymphomas), or in separate sites (simulta
Bertolaccini P; Chimenti M; Bianchi S; Manfredini G; Barattini G; Maneschi A; Nuclear Medicine Service, General Hospital Ss. Giacomo e; Cristoforo, Massa, Italy.
The case of a 31-year-old HIV-positive male drug addict, with a history of recurrent intermittent fever is presented. Chest x-ray showed right ilar-node enlargement and moderate venous congestion. A 67Ga-citrate scan of the chest was highly suggestive of Mycobacterial infection. Scans showed right supraclavicular, rig
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1993 Nov;28(2):195-210. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94227240
Vogel VG; Yeomans A; Higginbotham E; Department of Breast and Gynecologic Oncology, University of; Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
A large number of women in the population are at risk for the development of breast cancer. Methods now exist to accurately assess risk and to provide quantitative estimates of the chance of a woman developing breast cancer in her lifetime. Histologic assessment of premalignant breast pathology aids in the evaluation
Ann Pharmacother. 1994 Feb;28(2):191-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94227300
Cadle RM; Zenon GJ 3rd; Rodriguez-Barradas MC; Hamill RJ; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Pharmacy; Service, Houston, TX 77030.
OBJECTIVE: To report two cases of fluconazole-induced symptomatic phenytoin toxicity and review literature related to this interaction. DATA SOURCES: Case reports and review articles identified by a computerized (MEDLINE) and manual (Index Medicus) search. DATA SYNTHESIS: Fluconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antif
Ann Pharmacother. 1994 Feb;28(2):252-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94227316
Grasela TH; Goodwin SD; Pasko MT; Walawander CA; Raebel MA; Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research, State University of New; York (SUNY) at Buffalo.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of antifungal agents in hospitalized patients prior to marketing of fluconazole and to assess characteristics associated with their use. DESIGN: A cohort of hospitalized patients receiving topical or systemic antifungal therapy was monitored concurrently. SETTING: Sixty-nine hospitals ra
Bull Cancer (Paris). 1993 Apr;80(4):299-309. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94227368
Raymond E; Boaziz C; Komarover H; Breau JL; Moliard M; Morere JF; Israel L; Clinique d'oncologie medicale, Hopital Avicenne, Bobigny,; France.
Twenty patients (6 females and 14 males), age range 36-70 years-old, with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC), received interferon alpha-2b (IFN-A) 10 x 10(6) units/day IM for 5 days followed by continuous i.v. infusion of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) 18 x 10(6) units/day f
Danziger R; Health Policy Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical; Medicine.
The recent increase in HIV seroprevalence in Poland , particularly among injecting drug users, has been accompanied by widespread discrimination against people affected by HIV and AIDS. As in other countries, this discrimination may
Tirelli U; Franceschi S; Carbone A; Centro Regionale di Riferimento Oncologico, Istituto Nazionale di; Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Aviano, Italy.
One of the most important though somewhat neglected aspects of research in HIV infection concerns the development, clinicopathological characteristics, and treatment of malignant tumours in infected patients. With the improved survival of patients with AIDS owing to the better prevention and treatment of infectious co
Saxon AJ; Calsyn DA; Jackson TR; Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington 98108.
To determine how the injecting behaviors of injection drug users (IDUs) change over time in the context of the epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and what factors may be associated with such changes, a cohort of IDUs (n = 313) initially in treatment provided structured interviews regarding drug inje
Darke S; Swift W; Hall W; Ross M; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New; South Wales, Australia.
A sample of 222 methadone maintenance clients were interviewed regarding current injecting and needle risk-taking in order to ascertain factors associated with these behaviours. Just over half (55%) of subjects had injected in the month preceding interview. Current injecting was associated with being female, having a
Fibronectin (FN) is present in soluble and matrix forms in various body fluids and tissues, and has been shown to bind to several pathogens, including viruses. The interaction of FN with viral proteins of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) was investigated by immunofluorescence technique using a cell line chronicall
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 May;149(5):1092-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94228045
Sanyal SK; Chebib FS; Gilbert JR; Hughes WT; Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi; Arabia.
Early reliable identification of patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who will require ventilatory support would be desirable. To develop a predictive system to meet this need, we studied, prospectively, the sequential alterations in vital signs and acid-base and blood-gas profiles associated with this d
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 May;149(5):1335-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94228079
Wallace RJ Jr; Brown BA; Griffith DE; Girard WM; Murphy DT; Onyi GO; Steingrube VA; Mazurek GH; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Center,; Tyler 75710.
Sputum conversion rates in Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) complex lung disease have ranged from only 50 to 80% despite the use of three to five antituberculosis agents. We initiated a prospective, open, noncomparative trial of initial clarithromycin monotherapy at 500 mg twice a day for 4 months in HIV-negat
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 May;149(5):1359-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94228083
Bass JB Jr; Farer LS; Hopewell PC; O'Brien R; Jacobs RF; Ruben F; Snider DE Jr; Thornton G
Treatment of Tuberculosis. 1. A 6-mo regimen consisting of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide given for 2 mo followed by isoniazid and rifampin for 4 mo is the preferred treatment for patients with fully susceptible organisms who adhere to treatment. Ethambutol (or streptomycin in children too young to be monitored
Stringer JR; Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology,; College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH 45267-0524.
Pneumocystosis is an AIDS-associated pneumonia that is characterized by the accumulation of very large numbers of a eucaryotic single-celled organism called Pneumocystis carinii, which has not been cultured. Pneumocystosis also occurs in many other mammalian species, and the rubric P. carinii is currently used to refe
Pettinelli CB; Schnittman SM; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland.
Viral infections such as with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) present difficult challenges for the development of effective antiviral therapies. These viruses depend on the host cell machinery for their existence, and interference with these processes typically interferes with other important host physiology. H
Wassie E; Buscombe JR; Miller RF; Ell PJ; Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London Medical; School, UK.
We reviewed the results of 67Ga scintigraphy in HIV antibody positive patients in order to determine how the result affected management. Case records of 37 HIV antibody positive patients undergoing 41 67Ga scintigraphic studies over a 31 month period were examined. New and additional information was provided by 67Ga s
Can Med Assoc J. 1994 May 15;150(10):1561-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94228398
OBJECTIVE: To recommend guidelines for the management of tuberculosis (TB), particularly in high-risk groups including poor and homeless people, aboriginal Canadians, immigrants from countries where TB is highly prevalent and people with HIV infection. OPTIONS: Diagnosis, pharmacotherapy, vaccination and chemoprophyla
Cancer. 1994 May 15;73(10):2570-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94228443
Ling SM; Roach M 3rd; Larson DA; Wara WM; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San; Francisco, San Francisco 94143.
BACKGROUND. Classic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a relatively uncommon occurrence, whereas the incidence of HIV positive PCNSL has increased dramatically during the past 5 years. Between 2% and 6% of all patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Cancer Res. 1994 Apr 15;54(8):2069-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/S72615
Shiramizu B; Herndier BG; McGrath MS; Department of Pediatrics, San Francisco General Hospital,; University of California 94110.
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is associated with a high incidence of lymphoma. Typically, the lymphomas are B-cell in origin, and although they occur in the setting of HIV-1 infection, historical studies have found no evidence for the presence of HIV-1 within the transformed B-cells. We de
Newton TF; Leuchter AF; Miller EN; Weiner H; Department of Psychiatry, Department of Veterans' Affairs Medical; Center, West Los Angeles, CA 90073.
Although neuropsychiatric abnormalities are common in subjects with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), they are less frequent in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive subjects. In contrast, others have reported high rates of electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormality among asymptomati
Freund J; Kellner R; Houthaeve T; Kalbitzer HR; Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Department of; Biophysics, Heidelberg, Germany.
Proteolytic experiments in conjunction with 1H-NMR spectroscopy show that the Nef (negative factor) protein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 probably consists of two main domains, the N-terminal anchor domain at amino acid positions 2-65 and the C-terminal core domain at positions 66-206. The N-terminal domain
Eur Heart J. 1994 Jan;15(1):68-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94229107
Akhras F; Dubrey S; Gazzard B; Noble MI; Academic Medicine, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School,; Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, U.K.
We studied 124 homosexual men aged 36.7 +/- 7.6 years (range 23-57) using Doppler echocardiography. One hundred and one patients (Group A) had had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome for 1.6 +/- 1.0 years and 23 patients (Group B) had had HIV infection without opportunistic infections for 3.2 +/- 2.3 years. Doppler ech
Alcabes P; Munoz A; Vlahov D; Friedland GH; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore; Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New; York.
If honey-bees find a feeding place, after return they report the discovery by dancing. The species of flowers from which they are coming is indicated by means of the flower-scent adhering to their bodies, and also by the scent of nectar brought into the hive within the honey-stomach. By a long flight the scent adherin
Anderson JE; Freese TE; Pennbridge JN; Behavioral Studies Section, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta.
A study of 610 street youth aged 13-23 who attended drop-in centers in Hollywood, Calif., reveals that 96% are sexually experienced. One-half of the young men and one-third of the young women have engaged in sex for food, money, shelter, drugs or other items needed. Twenty-five percent of the men and 15% of the women
Politch JA; Mayer KH; Abbott AF; Anderson DJ; Fearing Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics,; Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's; Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of disease progression and zidovudine antiretroviral therapy on semen parameters in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive men. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of semen parameters of 166 HIV-1 seropositive men in various stages of disease progression as defined
Dev Biol Stand. 1993;81:117-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94229365
Hilfenhaus J; Niedrig M; Nowak T; Research Laboratories, Behringwerke AG, Marburg.
To know the virus eliminating/inactivating capacity of the manufacturing process of a plasma protein, it is essential to analyse it by adding virus to the source material or to different materials obtained at various stages of the manufacturing procedure and then to determine the elimination/inactivation of this virus
Dev Biol Stand. 1993;81:147-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94229368
Horowitz B; Prince AM; Horowitz MS; Watklevicz C; New York Blood Center, NY 10021.
Laboratory research commencing in 1982 led to licensing in the United States in 1985 of a solvent/detergent (SD)-treated anti-haemophilic factor (AHF) concentrate. Licensing was based on (a) studies demonstrating the inactivation of several marker viruses [vesicular stomatitis virus (V
Dev Biol Stand. 1993;81:169-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94229370
Nowak T; Niedrig M; Bernhardt D; Hilfenhaus J; Microbiology Research Laboratories, Behringwerke AG, Marburg,; Germany.
Laboratory studies were made to verify the capacity and efficacy of the pasteurisation step (heat treatment at 60 degrees C for 10 hours in stabilized aqueous solution) in inactivating various pathogenic viruses (e.g. HIV, HBV, HCV related viruses, HAV, HSV, poliovirus). These experiments proved that pasteurisation ef
Dev Biol Stand. 1993;81:185-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94229373
Morgenthaler JJ; Omar A; ZLB Central Laboratory, Swiss Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Bern.
Albumin solutions invariably transmitted infectious hepatitis viruses before the introduction of pasteurisation in the final container. Immunoglobulin solutions (the older intramuscular as well as the current intravenous ones), on the other hand, only rarely transmitted hepatitis. The apparent safety of the latter was
Dev Biol Stand. 1993;81:199-209. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94229375
Burnouf T; Centre Regional de Transfusion Sanguine, Lille, France.
Progress in protein separation technology has led to the development of a new generation of plasma derivatives, generally prepared by procedures involving one or several chromatographic steps. In addition to providing two to three log purification factors of several therapeutic products, with regard to some protein co
Dev Biol Stand. 1993;81:237-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94229379
Grandgeorge M; Veron JL; Pasteur Merieux Serums & Vaccins, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
We report on the viral validation of an industrial purification process which is used to manufacture high purity human albumin from frozen placentas. This process has been used without any modification since 1980 except for a progressive increase in production scale to reach a capacity of 19 tons of placentas per day.
Dev Biol Stand. 1993;81:25-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94229381
Sherwood WC; American Red Cross Blood Services, Penn Jersey Region,; Philadelphia, PA.
Most of the blood-borne infections that have held our attention during the last half of this century have been well characterized. Although HIV and the hepatitis viruses have enormous world-wide public health implications, there has been considerable success in their prevention of transmission by transfusion. The tech
Dev Biol Stand. 1993;81:41-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94229390
Ward JW; Division of HIV/AIDS, CDC/DHHS, Atlanta, GA.
To the end of December 1991, 4,709 persons with transfusion-associated (T-A)-AIDS were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2.3% of 206,392 adult AIDS cases). Since 1990, the rate of T-A-AIDS case reporting has remained relatively constant at 160-190 cases diagnosed per quarter year. In co
While at the start of the AIDS epidemic, corticosteroids were considered to be contraindicated, about 10 indications have since been identified for the specific use of glucocorticoids in HIV infection. Some of these indications have already been confirmed in controlled scientific studies, for example, pneumocystis car
Stein M; Spencer D; Kuten A; Bezwoda W; Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Johannesburg; Hospital, Medical School and University of the Witwatersrand,; South Africa.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the primary cause of AIDS and related disorders. Infection with HIV results in diminished cellular immunity, propensity to opportunistic infections, and an increased incidence of certain neoplasms. Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is the most common neoplasm in persons inf
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1994 Mar 30;28(5):1113-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94230028
Schinazi RF; Goudgaon NM; Fulcrand G; el Kattan Y; Lesnikowski Z; Ullas G; Moravek J; Liotta DC; Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Atlanta), Decatur, GA 30033.
PURPOSE: The intracellular uptake and metabolism of 5-carboranyl-2 -deoxyuridine was investigated in primary human lymphocytes and in a T lymphoblastoid cell line using unlabeled and tritium labeled compound. The cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of the compound and stability to enzyme degradation was determined. ME
Gao WY; Agbaria R; Driscoll JS; Mitsuya H; Experimental Retrovirology Section, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The mechanism of divergent anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity of various 2 ,3 -dideoxynucleoside analogs (ddNs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) was studied. We demonstrate that the in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity of various ddNs varies profoundly and that the divergent antiviral activit
The prevalence of HIV infection in East Africa has increased rapidly in recent years. We made a prospective study of the incidence of HIV-seropositivity in patients undergoing orthopaedic procedures in a large district hospital in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe . One of our aims was to determ
Reichman LB; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey; Medical School, Newark.
Both public and private institutions are mobilizing to combat drug-resistant TB--indeed, to eliminate all TB. Meeting this goal will require a three-pronged approach: 1) prophylactic isoniazid treatment of latent TB, 2) multidrug (at least six agents in some cases) treatment of active TB to eradicate resistant strains
Abbott LZ; Spicer T; Bryz-Gornia V; Kwok S; Sninsky J; Poiesz B; Department of Medicine, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse; 13210.
Signature primer pairs designed for use with the polymerase chain reaction have been developed which can determine if a positive result originated from the intended target nucleic acid or from so-called carry-over contamination of previously amplified DNA. The 3 ends of each signature primer, SK339/341, SSK110/111, a
J Immunol. 1994 May 15;152(10):4749-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94230951
Benjamin D; Sharma V; Knobloch TJ; Armitage RJ; Dayton MA; Goodwin RG; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Arthur G. James Cancer; Hospital, Columbus, OH.
IL-7 was originally reported as a cytokine produced by stromal cells which supports pre-B cell proliferation in vitro. To determine whether human B cells secrete IL-7 and express IL-7R we studied a wide panel of B cell lines (CLS). In Northern blot analysis we detected 2.4 kb IL-7 mRNA and by quantitative PCR we demon
J Immunol. 1994 May 15;152(10):5128-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94230994
Rhee SS; Marsh JW; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Mental; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Immediately after infection of the targeted cell by HIV-1, proviral gene expression is limited to the three regulatory proteins, Tat, Rev, and Nef, with the nef transcript representing nearly 80% of total expression. Additionally, simian immunodeficiency virus Nef has been shown to be essential for high in vivo titer
Oishi M; Johno M; Ono T; Honda M; Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo,; Japan.
Skin lesions in mycosis fungoides (MF) and cutaneous-type adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (c-ATL) are sometimes difficult to differentiate. Our previous investigations showed that the alpha-chain of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha) secretion is enhanced in both acute and chronic type ATL. This finding suggested inc
Rose C; Andrews W; Ferguson M; McKeating J; Almond J; Evans D; Department of Microbiology, University of Reading, Whiteknights,; U.K.
Defined regions of the CDR2-like region of the T cell antigen CD4 that are implicated in the binding of the surface glycoprotein (gp120) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to CD4+ T lymphocytes have been engineered in place of antigenic site 1 of Sabin type 1 poliovirus. The antigenic properties of the rec
Phillips TR; Prospero-Garcia O; Puaoi DL; Lerner DL; Fox HS; Olmsted RA; Bloom FE; Henriksen SJ; Elder JH; Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, California 92037.
Specific pathogen-free cats were infected with the Maryland strain of FIV (FIV-MD) for the purpose of assessing the effects of FIV infection on the central nervous system (CNS). Two separate studies were performed, involving a total of 13 infected cats and six age-matched, sham-inoculated controls. All animals infecte
Fujioka T; Kashiwada Y; Kilkuskie RE; Cosentino LM; Ballas LM; Jiang JB; Janzen WP; Chen IS; Lee KH; Natural Products Laboratory, Division of Medicinal Chemistry,; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
Betulinic acid [1] and platanic acid [2], isolated from the leaves of Syzigium claviforum, were found to be inhibitors of HIV replication in H9 lymphocyte cells. Evaluation of anti-HIV activity with eight derivatives of 1 revealed that dihydrobetulinic acid [3] was also a potent inhibitor of HIV replication. The C-3 h
Stanley LC; Mrak RE; Woody RC; Perrot LJ; Zhang S; Marshak DR; Nelson SJ; Griffin WS; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical; Sciences, Little Rock.
The mechanisms by which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection provokes progressive neurodegeneration and dementia in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remain obscure. In HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals, we found that the brain cells preferentially infected by HIV, vi
Achim CL; Wang R; Miners DK; Wiley CA; Department of Pathology, University of California at San Diego,; La Jolla.
We quantitated the brain viral burden in autopsy material from AIDS patients with and without HIV encephalitis. Central nervous system (CNS) samples from 45 AIDS autopsies with less than 48 hours postmortem autolysis and without significant non-viral opportunistic infections were analyzed using immunocytochemistry (IC
Husson RN; Ross LA; Sandelli S; Inderlied CB; Venzon D; Lewis LL; Woods L; Conville PS; Witebsky FG; Pizzo PA; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety, tolerance, pharmacokinetics, and antimycobacterial activity of orally administered clarithromycin in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection. DESIGN: Phase I study with a 10-day pharmacokinetic phase followed by a
Jehuda-Cohen T; Powell JD; Villinger F; Mayne AE; Sell KW; Ansari AA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Winship Cancer; Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; 30322.
In vitro polyclonal activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 70% of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) serum enzyme-linked, immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-negative sooty mangabeys leads to synthesis and release of low but significant and reproducible levels of SIV-reactive antibodies, as determi
Putkonen P; Bjorling E; Akerblom L; Thorstensson R; Lovgren K; Benthin L; Chiodi F; Morein B; Biberfeld G; Norrby E; et al; Department of Immunology, Swedish Institute for Infectious; Disease Control, Karolinska Institute, Uppsala.
We investigated the capacity of two immunostimulating-complex (iscom) formulations including inactivated native HIV-2 viral proteins and selected peptides to induce protective immunity against HIV-2 in a nonhuman primate. Four cynomolgus monkeys were first immunized with five i.m. injections of purified detergent-disr
Graham KK; Mikolich DJ; Fisher AE; Posner MR; Dudley MN; Antiinfective Pharmacology Research Unit, University of Rhode; Island College of Pharmacy, Miriam Hospital, Providence 02908.
The objective of our study was to define the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of megestrol acetate in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A new suspension formulation of megestrol acetate (40 mg/ml) was administered as a single oral dose of 800 mg per day in an open label pharmacokinetic s
Kumar PN; Collins MS; Pierce PF; Division of Infectious Diseases, Georgetown University Hospital,; Washington, D.C.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the cell wall of the P. aeruginosa is a major factor in the pathogenicity and virulence of this organism. Immunotype-specific serum antibodies to this LPS antigen (ALPS) are usually elevated with the onset of the bacteremia, act as opsonins, are protective in high levels, and are significan
Sibthorpe B; Fleming D; Gould J; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health,; Australian National University, Canberra.
While recent studies indicate that injection drug users (IDUs) can change their behavior to reduce injection risk of HIV, it remains unclear which users are most likely to change and which mediating variables are most amenable to intervention. We report a study in which a cohort of high-risk IDUs was followed over tim
Palefsky JM; Shiboski S; Moss A; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
Men with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease have a high prevalence of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and potentially precancerous anal disease. To characterize prevalence of and risk factors for anal HPV infection and anal cytologic abnormalities, 37 HIV-positive and 28 HIV-negative partici
Kline RL; Dada A; Blattner W; Quinn TC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
We evaluated the reliability, sensitivity, and specificity of two rapid assays, TestPack HIV-1/HIV-2 and Genie HIV-1/HIV-2, in Lagos, Nigeria . An alternative algorithm to EIA and Western blot was then examined with the TestPack HIV-1/HIV-2 used as the screening test and the Genie
1. A sexual assault nurse clinician or examiner is a registered nurse who has been specially trained to provide comprehensive care to sexual assault survivors. She usually is certified by her local institution after completing a training program of approximately 40 hours. Demonstrated competence in conducting a compre
Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1994 Feb;10(2):63-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94231607
Huang YC; Lin CL; Chang CF; Wang JS; Ker CG; Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical College,; Taiwan, Republic of China.
High prevalence of viral hepatitis, increasing HIV infection and other bloodborne diseases in Taiwan have made the health care provider exposed to an increased risk of disease transmission unless adequate precautions and protections
JAMA. 1994 May 11;271(18):1436-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94231643
Gostin LO; Lazzarini Z; Alexander D; Brandt AM; Mayer KH; Silverman DC; Georgetown/Johns Hopkins Program on Law and Public Health,; Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC 20001.
Maeta M; Shimizu N; Oka A; Kondo A; Yamashiro H; Tsujitani S; Ikegchi M; Kaibara N; First Department of Surgery, Tottori University School of; Medicine, Yonago, Japan.
The immunomodulative effect of perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion on host immunocompetence was studied in 109 patients with gastric cancer at various stages. Mitogen-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis, lymphocyte surface markers (specific for T, B, CD4, and CD8 populations), and the activity of natural killer (N
Lee WJ; Chang KJ; Lee CS; Chen KM; Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital,; Taipei, Republic of China.
The lymphocytes and their subsets were determined in the peripheral blood of 62 gastric cancer patients and 68 controls using fluorescent conjugated monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry (FACScan method). A significant increase in the total number of white blood cells from gastric cancer patients was noted in compa
Markin RS; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha 68198-3135.
Epstein-Barr virus is a ubiquitous virus associated with a variety of different diseases and disorders. The manifestations of Epstein-Barr virus-associated diseases or disorders within the liver, which involve a broad spectrum of histologic and clinical features, ranging from hepatitis through lymphoproliferative diso
Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been reported in homes in which health care has been provided and between children residing in the same household (1-6). CDC has received reports of two cases of HIV infection that apparently occurred following mucocutaneous exposures to blood or other body substa
N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 2;330(22):1555-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94232259
Grisso JA; Kelsey JL; Strom BL; O'Brien LA; Maislin G; LaPann K; Samelson L; Hoffman S; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of; Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6095.
BACKGROUND. Although more than 1 percent of black women 80 years of age or older have hip fractures each year, little is known about risk factors for hip fracture in these women. METHODS. We carried out a case-control study involving 144 black women admitted with a first hip fracture to 1 of 30 hospitals in New York a
Guida M; De Robertis E; Nigro R; Mele A; Cardone A; Nappi C; Universita degli Studi di Napoli 1 Federico II.
The authors discuss the various medicolegal aspects concerning the management of pregnancy in women with AIDS. They report the most recent data on the epidemiology and perinatal transmission of the disease. The effects of pregnancy on the evolution of disease as well as the effects of the disease on the evolution of p
Chadwick EG; Chang G; Decker MD; Yogev R; Dimichele D; Edwards KM; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, IL.
We compared the serologic response of 46 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and adolescents and 61 age-matched controls to standard trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (A/ Taiwan (H1N1), A/Shanghai (H3N2), B/Yam
Mariani G; Di Nucci GD; Arcieri P; Department of Human Biopathology, University of Rome La Sapienza,; Italy.
Monoclonally purified factor concentrates have been available for hemophilia treatment since the late 1980 s. They are biochemically characterized by a high-degree of clotting factor (FVIII or FIX) purification and by the virtual lack of contaminants (immunoglobulins, fibrinogen and fibronectin). The purification proc
Genomic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA fragments containing the dimer linkage structure (DLS) can be dimerized and multimerized in the presence of NH4+ and in the absence of any other cation and any viral or cellular protein. This effect strongly supports the notion that dimerization and multimerizati
Protein Eng. 1994 Mar;7(3):309-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233033
Gustchina A; Sansom C; Prevost M; Richelle J; Wodak SY; Wlodawer A; Weber IT; Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, NCI-Frederick Cancer; Research and Development Center, MD 21702.
The interactions between HIV-1 protease and its bound inhibitors have been investigated by molecular mechanics calculations and by analysis of crystal structures of the complexes in order to determine general rules for inhibitor and substrate binding to the protease. Fifteen crystal structures of HIV-1 protease with d
Stat Med. 1994 Feb 28;13(4):357-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233204
Halloran ME; Longini IM Jr; Haber MJ; Struchiner CJ; Brunet RC; Division of Biostatistics, Emory University School of Public; Health, Atlanta, Georgia 30329.
Field studies of the efficacy of prophylactic vaccines in reducing susceptibility rely on the assumption of equal exposure to infection in the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Differential exposure to infection could, however, be the goal of other types of intervention programme, or it could occur secondary to beli
Petersen LR; Satten GA; Dodd R; Busch M; Kleinman S; Grindon A; Lenes B; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, Georgia.
BACKGROUND: For persons newly infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the time from the onset of infectivity to the development of detectable HIV-1 antibody is unknown. Persons who donate blood during this period account for nearly all instances of HIV-1 transmission from HIV-1 antibody-screened
Sun M; Chao KH; Modahl LE; Leoung G; Khayam-Bashi H; Ng VL; Murphy EL; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
BACKGROUND: Asian Americans are generally underrepresented both as volunteer blood and bone marrow donors. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To investigate the risk of transfusion transmission of viruses that is associated with increasing participation by Asian American donors, antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV),
At least 1% of organ transplant recipients develop Epstein-Barr virus-positive, often fatal lymphomas. EBV-positive cells accumulating in some organ transplant recipients were suggested to predict EBV+ lymphoma risk but no prospective study has been reported. We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect EBV g
Virology. 1994 May 1;200(2):370-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233701
Clements JE; Wall RJ; Narayan O; Hauer D; Schoborg R; Sheffer D; Powell A; Carruth LM; Zink MC; Rexroad CE; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of; Comparative Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
The ovine lentiviruses cause encephalitis, pneumonia, and arthritis in sheep worldwide. Visna virus is a prototype of this family and the pathogenesis and molecular biology of the virus has been well characterized. The envelope proteins of visna virus are responsible for binding of virus to host cells and for causing
Virology. 1994 May 1;200(2):436-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233707
Joag SV; Stephens EB; Adams RJ; Foresman L; Narayan O; Department of Microbiology, Marion Merrell Dow Laboratory of; Viral Pathogenesis, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; 66160-7424.
The spleen and lymph nodes are the predominant sites of viral replication in SIV and HIV infections. We studied splenectomized and control unsplenectomized rhesus macaques of both the Indian and the Chinese subspecies of Macaca mulatta. All animals were inoculated with SIVmac239, a molecularly cloned strain of SIV. Ou
Virology. 1994 May 1;200(2):524-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233715
Wang CT; Stegeman-Olsen J; Zhang Y; Barklis E; Vollum Institute for Advanced Biomedical Research, Oregon Health; Sciences University, Portland 97201.
We have studied the assembly of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) Gag-B-galactosidase (Gag-B-gal; GBG) fusion proteins into HIV particles in the presence of HIV Gag proteins. Release of fusion proteins from cells was measured by assay of media versus cellular B-gal activities and was dependent on co-expression of u
Virology. 1994 May 1;200(2):623-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233725
Balliet JW; Kolson DL; Eiger G; Kim FM; McGann KA; Srinivasan A; Collman R; Department of Medicine (Pulmonary and Critical Care Division),; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; 19104-6076.
Macrophages and lymphocytes are the two main targets for productive HIV-1 infection in vivo. To compare the effects of the nonessential HIV-1 accessory genes vpr, vpu, and nef on viral replication in these primary cell types, we generated a panel of mutant viruses derived from a molecularly cloned macrophage-tropic HI
Lentiviruses vary in their dependence on a functional tat gene during their viral life cycle. To begin to understand the viral and cellular parameters controlling equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) transactivation, we investigated Tat function and Tat and LTR structural requirements necessary for successful transac
Virology. 1994 May 1;200(2):668-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233730
Ensoli F; Ensoli B; Thiele CJ; Cell and Molecular Biology Section, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Encephalopathy and neurological disorders are a major manifestation of pediatric AIDS. Although HIV-1 can replicate in cells of neuronal and glial origin, it is yet unclear whether immature neural cells, which are present during nervous system development, can support HIV-1 replication and whether neurotrophic factors
Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) establishes a latent infection in sensory ganglion neurons. During latency no viral-specific proteins are detected and virus gene expression is restricted to the latency-associated transcripts. We report here that trigeminal ganglia of mice with severe combined immunodeficiency cont
Virology. 1994 May 1;200(2):813-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233748
Matsumoto K; Akashi K; Shibata H; Yutsudo M; Hakura A; Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Japan.
Two tax genes cloned from a healthy HTLV-I carrier in whom the viral genome is clonally integrated into peripheral CD4+CD8+ cells showed a considerable difference in ras cooperative focus forming ability in rat embryo fibroblasts (REF). Sequence analysis revealed differences in two codons of the two genes. SH-1tax and
Virology. 1994 May 15;201(1):137-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233762
Koga Y; Nakamura K; Sasaki M; Kimura G; Nomoto K; Department of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Tohkai; University, Kanagawa, Japan.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein is synthesized as a precursor glycoprotein, gp160, and is then processed into gp120 and gp41. In the present study, CD4+ cell clones expressing either gp160 or gp120 of HIV-1 under the transcriptional control of an inducible promoter were made in or
Virology. 1994 May 15;201(1):157-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233766
Bandres JC; Luria S; Ratner L; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St. Louis, Missouri.
Human immunodeficiency virus isolates express a Nef protein with either an alanine or a threonine at amino acid residue 15. The threonine residue is a site for phosphorylation by protein kinase C. Jurkat T cells constitutively expressing the alanine variant of Nef exhibit the ability to downregulate the induction of t
Virology. 1994 May 15;201(1):8-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233779
McKnight A; Clapham PR; Weiss RA; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
Mouse, rat, rabbit, cat, and mink cell lines expressing human CD4 restrict entry of HIV-1 strains at the cell surface. We now report that CD4+ cat and rabbit cell lines are permissive to cell fusion induced by several HIV-2 and SIV strains. CD4+ rat and mouse cells are only sensitive to HIV-2 and SIV fusion in the pre
Virology. 1994 May 15;201(1):95-106. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233781
Kashanchi F; Thompson J; Sadaie MR; Doniger J; Duvall J; Brady JN; Rosenthal LJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University; Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007.
The SalI-L fragment of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) strain U1102 transformed rodent cells and transactivated the HIV-1 LTR 10- to 15-fold in both monkey fibroblasts and human T-lymphocytes. In this report, the SalI-L transactivator of the HIV-1 LTR was localized to ORF-1 which codes for a protein of 357 amino acids. To
Z Kardiol. 1994 Mar;83(3):234-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233840
Zweiker R; Eber B; Samonigg H; Reisinger EC; Kasparek A; Schumacher M; Fruhwald FM; Apfelbeck U; Klein W; Medizinische Universitatsklinik Graz.
A case report of a 28-year-old mother of two children with FUO is presented. Physical examination revealed an anemic and febrile woman, who lost 10 kg of weight during the past 3 months. Furthermore, two lymphatic nodes with diameters below 1 cm were detected at the neck and inguinal region. A search for origin of fev
Ohki K; Kimura T; Jones IM; Morita F; Ikuta K; Section of Serology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
The interaction of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein gp120 with CD4 CDR3-related peptide derivatives showing anti-HIV-1 activity has been studied. Conformational changes in gp120, which could affect its interaction with CD4 and its shedding from virions, were detected by fluorescenc
Randall RE; Young D; Hanke T; Szawlowski P; Botting C
This paper describes a general procedure for the two-step purification of recombinant proteins as antibody-antigen complexes in which there is no uncomplexed antibody or antigen. In this way, immune complexes containing the p17, p27, vpr and vpx proteins of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have been purified. Antib
Myhr KM; Frost P; Gronning M; Midgard R; Kalland KH; Helland DE; Nyland HI; Department of Neurology, University of Bergen, Norway.
In Western Norway , long-term follow up epidemiological studies have revealed significant increases in the incidence and prevalence rates of multiple sclerosis (MS) in stable populations, indicating the impact of exogenous factors. In this study 183 MS patients and 102 controls from
Melbye M; Rabkin C; Frisch M; Biggar RJ; Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, State Serum Institute,; Copenhagen.
Anal cancer has been hypothesized to be associated with a sexually transmitted agent and, more recently, with the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The authors used a descriptive incidence study to evaluate these hypotheses based on US data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) prog
Am J Hematol. 1994 Apr;45(4):325-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94234124
Tsukada H; Chou T; Ishizuka Y; Ogawa O; Saeki T; Ito S; Wakabayashi M; Hayashi N; Arakawa M; Department of Medicine (II), Niigata University Medical School,; Japan.
A 31-year-old woman presented with fever and arthralgia. Despite treatment with antimicrobials and corticosteroids, her symptoms persisted. A diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-refractory anemia (RA) was made by pancytopenia, dysplasia, and trisomy 8. Cultures of bone marrow, blood, and gastric juice showed M
Arredondo-Vega FX; Santisteban I; Kelly S; Schlossman CM; Umetsu DT; Hershfield MS; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency usually causes severe combined immune deficiency in infancy. Milder phenotypes, with delayed or late onset and gradual decline in immune function, also occur and are associated with less severely impaired deoxyadenosine (dAdo) catabolism. We have characterized the mutations respons
Burkman RT Jr; Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, Henry Ford Hospital,; Detroit, MI 48202.
Noncontraceptive actions of oral contraceptives (OCs) include hormonal effects on bone mass, sexually transmitted disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, the cardiovascular system, menstrual function, and future fertility. Information about the effects of OCs on bone mass is limited and contradictory. Two recent studies
Am J Public Health. 1994 May;84(5):747-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94234402
McQuillan GM; Ezzati-Rice TM; Siller AB; Visscher W; Hurley P; National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease; Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Md 20782.
OBJECTIVES. The Dallas County study of a proposed national household seroprevalence survey was designed to assess the feasibility of conducting a national survey and to estimate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus infection for Dallas County. Risk behavior data were collected and
Am J Public Health. 1994 May;84(5):754-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94234403
Boekeloo BO; Schiavo L; Rabin DL; Conlon RT; Jordan CS; Mundt DJ; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Georgetown; University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C. 20037
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to determine how the method of assessment affects patient report of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risks. METHODS. Patients at a sexually transmitted disease clinic randomly received either a written self-administered questionnaire or an audio self-administered questionnai
Am J Public Health. 1994 May;84(5):761-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94234404
Meyers K; Metzger DS; Navaline H; Woody GE; McLellan AT; Center for Studies of Addiction, University of; Pennsylvania/Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs 19104.
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to assess the willingness of intravenous drug users to participate in a preventive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine efficacy trial. METHODS. Of the 347 intravenous drug users in methadone treatment who were approached for participation, 257 completed a battery of sel
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1993;144(8):532-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94234622
Bussel A; Boulechfar H; Naim R; Unite d'Hemapherese Therapeutique, Secteur; d'Hemobiologie-Transfusion de Paris-Est, Hopital Saint-Louis.
Synchronization is defined as a prescription sequence aimed at obtaining synergic response or potentialization. THEORETICAL BASIS--The concept of synchronization is based on clinical and biological observations such as similar indications and transient effectiveness. Certain mechanisms of action such as reduction of p
Berger TG; Dhar A; Department of Dermatology, University of California, San; Francisco.
BACKGROUND: The clinical features of lichenoid eruptions in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are poorly described. Idiopathic lichen planus is rarely reported. All patients (n = 32) with a histologic diagnosis of a lichenoid eruption or photodermatitis at the University of California, San Fr
Pappert A; Grossman M; DeLeo V; Environmental Dermatology Unit, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical; Center, New York, NY.
BACKGROUND: A multitude of skin lesions have been reported in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Some of them, eg, severe seborrheic dermatitis and herpes zoster infections, may predate the onset of the diagnostic criteria for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and may actually raise th
Stereotypic and stigmatic attitudes toward homosexuality may interfere both directly and indirectly with the care provided to gay and lesbian patients. The purpose of this study was to measure attitudes toward gays and lesbians and assess homophobia among psychiatric nurses. The demographic characteristics of educatio
Pema K; Diaz J; Guerra LG; Nabhan D; Verghese A; Department of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences; Center at El Paso.
A review of the literature suggests some differences in the cutaneous manifestations of cryptococcosis present in patients in the pre-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) era compared with those manifestations that are present in today s AIDS era. In both periods, cutaneous manifestations can precede and be the s
Smith GH; College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson.
Modern technology has led to a contemporary medical practice that must be able to manage a variety of opportunistic infections in the immunocompromised host. The most common causes of immune suppression are immunosuppressive therapy after organ transplantation, granulocytopenia secondary to cancer chemotherapy, and th
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1993 Nov;33(4):341-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94234947
Schuman P; Sobel JD; Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of; Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
The number and proportion of women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have increased rapidly throughout the last decade. Despite these increases, the scientific community has focused limited research attention on women living with HIV infection.
Torres BA; Johnson HM; Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of; Florida, Gainesville 32611.
Overlapping peptides corresponding to the entire Nef (HIVBRU) sequence were tested for their relative abilities to block binding of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) to Raji cells. An internal sequence, Nef(123-160), blocked binding of two highly homologous SEs, SEA and SEE, while it was less effective against SEB and
Couvineau A; Rouyer-Fessard C; Darmoul D; Maoret JJ; Carrero I; Ogier-Denis E; Laburthe M; Unite de Neuroendocrinologie et Biologie Cellulaire Digestives,; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale,; Unite 410, Faculte de Medecine Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
We describe here two human VIP receptor cDNA clones isolated from a jejunal epithelial cell cDNA library. The hIVR8 cDNA encodes a human VIP receptor consisting of 460 amino acids and has seven putative transmembrane domains like other G protein-coupled receptors. When expressed in COS-7 cells, hIVR8 conferred specifi
DNA Cell Biol. 1994 Feb;13(2):211-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235164
Bhat S; Otsuka T; Srinivasan A; Department of Neurology, University of Pennyslvania Medical; Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
In an attempt to find compounds capable of inhibiting the binding and infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in neural cells, we studied the effect of benzopurpurin and related compounds on the binding of gp120 to galactosyl ceramide (GalCer) and sulfatide. In this report, we show that the binding of
Huang LM; Jeang KT; Molecular Virology Section, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Iwamoto GK; Konicek SA; Twigg HL 3rd; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine,; Indianapolis.
Manifestations of HIV-1 infection such as fever, hypergammaglobulinemia, and interstitial pneumonitis may be due to increased production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Monocytes/macrophages of HIV-1-infected individuals have been noted to produce increased amounts of IL-6, as
Fitzpatrick R; Dawson J; Boulton M; McLean J; Hart G; Brookes M; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of; Oxford, London.
BACKGROUND. Primary care has an important role to play in the prevention and management of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It has been suggested that homosexual men experience a variety of problems in relation to primary care. AIM. As part of a larger study, it was decided to examine the extent to which a samp
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):19-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235369
Achour A; Lemhammedi S; Picard O; M'Bika JP; Zagury JF; Moukrim Z; Willer A; Beix F; Burny A; Zagury D; Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
Cytotoxic T cell determinants should be an important component of an anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine. The epitopes of proteins can be defined with short synthetic peptides for class I-restricted CTLs. An immunodominant CTL epitope from the HIV-1 IIIB envelope protein gp160 comprising 15 amino acids (re
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):27-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235370
Ohkawa S; Wilson LA; Larosa G; Javaherian K; Martin LN; Murphey-Corb M; Department of Microbiology, Tulane Regional Primate Research; Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433.
A battery of assay systems was used to profile both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses induced by immunization with candidate vaccines consisting of recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) glycoproteins rgp110 (nondenatured) with SAF-M adjuvant (gp110 + SAF-M) or rgp140 (denatured) with Freund s adjuva
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):3-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235371
Hilleman MR; Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research, Merck Research; Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
Current approaches to the prevention and control of AIDS by vaccines and by chemotherapy have failed to provide satisfactory solutions to this important medical problem and have failed, in addition, to provide definitive guidelines for future research endeavor. Vaccine research must and will continue but it is possibl
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):47-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235373
Garcia JV; Miller AD; Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's; Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105.
Replication of the human immunodeficiency virus depends on the expression of its regulatory genes. We have constructed three plasmids, based on the retrovirus vector LXSN, that contain the tat, rev, and env (pLTRESN), the rev and env (pLRESN), and the nef (pLnefSN) genes of HIV-1. In a two-step virus rescue protocol,
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):53-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235374
Barbosa P; Charneau P; Dumey N; Clavel F; Departement SIDA et Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France.
During an acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in vitro, different forms of unintegrated viral DNA accumulate in target cells. They include linear full-length HIV DNA molecules, which are the precursors of the integrated provirus, and two types of circular molecules (with one or two LTRs), whose role and
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):73-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235376
Baskar P; Narayan O; McClure HM; Hildreth JE; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins; University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
SIVsmmPBJ 1.9 is an extremely virulent clone of the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsmmPBj 14 that causes an acute lethal disease in pigtail macaques, with death occurring 6 to 8 days after infection. The disease is characterized by bloody mucoid diarrhea, lymphoid hyperplasia, and giant cell pneumonia. We have devel
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):81-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235377
Smith MO; Sutjipto S; Lackner AA; California Regional Primate Research Center, University of; California at Davis 95616.
We examined cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from 25 simian immunodeficiency (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques for the presence of SIV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and for intrathecal synthesis of IgG. SIV-specific IgG was present in CSF from almost 50% of the macaques. In approximately half of these animals the SI
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):91-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235378
Benson J; Tschachler E; Gessain A; Yanagihara R; Gallo RC; Franchini G; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The so-called cosmopolitan strains of human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) from Japan , Africa, the West Indies, and the Americas differ only slightly (
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):97-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235379
Zaninovic V; Sanzon F; Lopez F; Velandia G; Blank A; Blank M; Fujiyama C; Yashiki S; Matsumoto D; Katahira Y; et al; Faculty of Medicine, University of Valle, Cali, Colombia.
To clarify the ethnic specificity of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II) carriers among Colombian native Indians, we investigated the geographic distribution of HTLV-I and HTLV-II seroprevalence among the isolated ethnic groups of Mongoloid origin in the Andes highlands and the Atlantic c
Biochemistry. 1994 May 10;33(18):5357-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235591
Peterson RD; Bartel DP; Szostak JW; Horvath SJ; Feigon J; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024.
1H NMR studies of a 30-nucleotide RNA oligonucleotide (RBE3), which contains a high-affinity binding site for Rev of the HIV-1 Rev responsive element (RRE), two derivatives of RBE3 (RBE3AA and RBE3-A), and the complex of RBE3 with peptides derived from the RNA binding domain of HIV-1 Rev, are presented. The high-affin
Aten Primaria. 1994 Mar 15;13(4):161-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235761
de la Revilla L; Marcos Ortega B; Castro Gomez JA; Aybar Zurita R; Marin Sanchez I; Mingorance Perez I; Centro de Salud de Almanjayar, Unidad Docente de Medicina; Familiar y Comunitaria, Granada Norte.
OBJECTIVE. To discover the perception of health, social support and family function for asymptomatic HIV carriers. DESIGN. This was an observation crossover study, using validated questionnaires. SETTING. Almanjayar and Cartuja Health Centres in Granada. PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS. 58 HIV+ patients belonging to t
Aten Primaria. 1994 Mar 15;13(4):172-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235763
Mata Cases M; Avellana Revuelta E; Davins Miralles J; Calvet Junoy S; Hortelano Garcia MA; Martin Lopez A; ABS La Mina, Unidad Docente de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria de; Barcelona.
OBJECTIVE. To find how the indicators for prescriptions for the chronically ill during the 1988-1992 period evolved, based on the analysis of the repeat prescription archive; and to assess the persistence of the effect of the 1989 corrective intervention. DESIGN. A retrospective and longitudinal evaluation study. SETT
Schneider H; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Berne,; Switzerland.
The use of drugs for common pregnancy complications like premature labor, hypertensive diseases, and premature rupture of membranes with chorioamnionitis is reviewed. In addition, new publications on antiviral drugs in HIV-positive pregnant patients are also discussed. Among the drugs, suppressing premature labor side
Stratton P; Ciacco KH; Contraceptive Development Branch, Center for Population Research,; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,; Bethesda, Maryland.
With heterosexual transmission of HIV becoming the primary mode of transmission to women in the USA, and a high rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical neoplasia in HIV-infected women, obstetrician-gynecologists have become primary care providers for HIV-infected women. Reports of a high rate of recurrence and
Blood. 1994 May 15;83(10):2952-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/L29116
Riboldi P; Gaidano G; Schettino EW; Steger TG; Knowles DM; Dalla-Favera R; Casali P; Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine,; NY 10016.
We analyzed the reactivity and the structure of the VH and VL segments of two IgM monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) produced by spontaneously in vitro outgrowing cell lines, HBL-2 and HBL-3, established from two acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative Burkitt s lymphoma (B
Seymour JF; Younes A; Cabanillas F; Division of Medical Oncology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson; Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) remains an uncommon disorder outside well-defined risk groups. We describe the case of an Iranian woman, who presented with isolated meningeal relapse of diffuse large-cell lymphoma. The malignant cells coexpressed CD4 and CD8 and HTLV-1 seropositivity was confirmed. Despite combi
MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice carry a mutation in the Fas gene whose product is involved in the regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis. This mutation is associated with the lpr phenomenon, i.e., a massive expansion of phenotypically abnormal CD4-CD8- cells (double negative, DN) alpha/beta T cells (lpr cells) that becomes
Howell DM; Feldman SB; Kloser P; Fitzgerald-Bocarsly P; Department of Laboratory Medicine, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical; School, Newark 07103.
Deficient in vitro production of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) in response to herpes simplex virus (HSV) occurs in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with the most deficient responses associated with opportunistic infections (OI). The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) which produce I
Ryan MR; Murray PR; Division of Laboratory Medicine, Barnes Hospital, St. Louis,; Missouri.
The possibility that mycobacteria may be found in blood cultures is a relatively recent discovery. Immunocompromised patients, especially those with advanced HIV infection, are often mycobacteremic with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or M. avium complex. Laboratory methods provide sensitive detection options for these pat
Reimer LG; Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical; Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Mycobacteremia, rarely seen or recognized before the AIDS epidemic, has now become common in patients with advanced HIV infection. With the introduction of new media and techniques for preparing specimens for media inoculation that lyse and concentrate organisms, our ability to detect mycobacteremia has improved such
Judson MA; Sahn SA; Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Pulmonary and; Critical Care Medicine, Charleston.
Endobronchial manifestations of HIV infection are rare. The endobronchial appearance and clinical presentation of these lesions may suggest the correct diagnosis. Establishing an appropriate differential diagnosis at the time of visualization of the endobronchial lesion is important because some lesions require specif
Wasserman K; Subklewe M; Pothoff G; Banik N; Schell-Frederick E; Klinik III fur Innere Medizin, Universitat Koln, Germany.
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) harvested from 32 HIV-infected patients with respiratory problems (opportunistic pulmonary infections, n = 12; other lung disease, n = 20) and 13 healthy controls were stained with a panel of 15 monoclonal antibodies directed against surface antigens implicated in cell function. Antigen expr
Relkin F; Aranda CP; Garay SM; Smith R; Berkowitz KA; Rom WN; Bellevue Hospital, Department of Medicine, New York.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection changes the clinical presentation of tuberculosis infection with atypical radiographs and more common extra-pulmonary involvement. We retrospectively studied pleural tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients over a 5-year period. We identified 70 patients with pleural tuberculosis by
Ishida T; Matsui Y; Matsumura Y; Furutani M; Department of Internal Medicine, Kurashiki Central Hospital,; Okayama, Japan.
To investigate the morphology of Pneumocystis carinii in vivo, we studied the ultrastructure of P carinii in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained from four non-AIDS patients with P carinii pneumonia (PCP), and observed the morphologic changes after treatment in one patient. Every form recognized in the normal
Chin R Jr; Jones DF; Pegram PS; Haponik EF; Department of Internal Medicine, Bowman Gray School of Medicine,; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC.
Bronchopulmonary Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) occurs in 20 percent of AIDS patients with cutaneous involvement; however, complete endobronchial occlusion is uncommon. Moreover, bronchopulmonary KS is infrequent in the absence of cutaneous manifestations. We report a case of documented complete endobronchial obstruction by KS
Goldberg GS; Orkin BA; Smith LE; Department of Surgery, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, D.C.
PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the c
Zhou XG; Hamilton-Dutoit SJ; Yan QH; Pallesen G; Laboratory of Immunopathology, Aarhus University Hospital,; Denmark.
Forty-two cases of Chinese T-cell lymphoma were studied for expression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encoded RNA (EBER-1) and EBV latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. EBV was detected in tumour cells in 24/39 peripheral T-cell lymphomas (62%), comprising 1
Alder J; Mitten M; Shipkowitz N; Hernandez L; Hui YH; Marsh K; Clement J; Anti-Infective Research Division, Abbott Laboratories, Illinois.
The efficacy of clarithomycin and sulphamethoxazole for treatment of experimental Pneumocystis carinii infection was investigated. Rats were immunosuppressed with dexamethasone and inoculated intratracheally with 5 x 10(6) P. carinii cysts. After 2 weeks, the lung tissues were assayed for P. carinii cyst burden. The c
Hall ET; Yan JP; Melancon P; Kuchta RD; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado,; Boulder 80309-0215.
3 -Azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) is one of the primary chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Unfortunately, AZT therapy is accompanied by severe side effects. Using Golgi-enriched membrane fract
Gallo P; De Rossi A; Sivieri S; Chieco-Bianchi L; Tavolato B; Institute of Neurology, University of Padua, School of Medicine,; Italy.
Macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) is detectable in the cerebrospinal fluid (SF) of HIV-1-infected patients, and may be produced intrathecally by both reactive astrocytes and cells of the monocyte/macrophage (MO) lineage, microglial cells included. Since MO constitute the target cells for HIV-1 in the centra
Bergamini A; Capozzi M; Ghibelli L; Dini L; Salanitro A; Milanese G; Wagner T; Beninati S; Pesce CD; Amici C; et al; Department of Public Health, University of Rome Tor Vergata,; Italy.
We have investigated the effects of cystamine on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in human lymphocytes and macrophages, the natural targets of HIV in vivo. Treatment of chronically infected macrophages with cystamine, at a concentration (500 microM) that did not show any cytotoxic or cytostatic ef
Rodriguez-Diaz E; Moran-Estefania M; Lopez-Avila A; Piris JB; Fernandez-Blasco G; Garcia JI; Armijo M; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Cutaneous Surgery,; University Hospital, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain.
There are increasing reports of unusual clinical features and atypical courses of syphilis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Recently, we had the opportunity to study an HIV-positive female patient with strong manifestations of secondary syphilis. The case is discussed together with the implications
Schumacher MJ; Tveten MS; Egen NB; Steele Memorial Children's Research Center, University of; Arizona, Tucson.
To determine the rate and completeness of delivery of venom from honeybee stings, European bees were collected at the entrance of a hive and studied with the use of two laboratory models. In one model bees were induced to sting the shaved skin of anesthetized rabbits. The stings were removed from the skin at various t
Geleziunas R; Bour S; Wainberg MA; McGill AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital,; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We previously demonstrated that chronic infection of a monocytic cell line (U-937) with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was not accompanied by down-modulation of CD4 transcription, unlike the situation with CD4+ T lymphocyte lines. To better understand the refractoriness of monocytes to alterations in leve
Wallis RS; Ellner JJ; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University,; University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio.
The evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as an intracellular pathogen has led to a complex relationship between it and its host, the human mononuclear phagocyte. The products of M. tuberculosis-specific T lymphocytes are essential for macrophage activation for intracellular mycobacterial killing. However, some cyto
Adams JD; Jaresko GS; Louie SG; Klaidman LK; Kennedy D; Sharma O; Boylen CT; School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los; Angeles 90033.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with altered levels of glutathione (GSH) in cells and extracellular fluids. GSH is essential for lymphocyte proliferation and inhibits HIV replication. Therefore, determination of GSH and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) levels could be useful as indicators of the
J Math Biol. 1994;32(3):233-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94238249
Velasco-Hernandez JX; Hsieh YH; Biometrics Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
In this paper we analyze a model for the HIV-infection transmission in a male homosexual population. In the model we consider two types of infected individuals. Those that are infected but do not know their serological status and/or are not under any sort of clinical/therapeutical treatment, and those who are. The two
Stanberry LR; Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Research; Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio.
Treatment of recurrent herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection with a vaccine was attempted as early as 1938. The concept of immune therapy is based on the premise that vaccine administration may augment host immunity, resulting in better control of the infection. The guinea pig model is useful in the study of recurrent
Merigan TC; Kundu SK; Center for AIDS Research, Stanford University School of Medicine,; CA 94305.
Given the long-term clinical latency and high level of replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), it is not surprising that HIV has developed a method of persistence involving production of novel variants in its proteins. Therapeutic vaccines attempt to harness enhanced immune mechanisms to control viral repli
Walker BD; Harvard Medical School, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts; General Hospital, Boston 02114.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection causes progressive and ultimately profound immunosuppression. Initially, however, infection is associated with vigorous virus-specific immune responses, including both neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Although the host immune response is
Godeau B; Coutant-Perronne V; Le Thi Huong D; Guillevin L; Magadur G; De Bandt M; Dellion S; Rossert J; Rostoker G; Piette JC; et al; Hopital Henri Mondor, Service de Medecine Interne, Creteil,; France.
OBJECTIVE. To determine the circumstances, the clinical features and the outcome of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-free patients with connective tissue diseases (CTD). METHODS. Retrospective analysis of all cases referred 10 medical units in the last 10 years. RESULTS. A tot
DeRodriguez CV; Fuhrer J; Lake-Bakaar G; Department of Medicine, SUNY Health Sciences Center at Stony; Brook 11794.
The spectrum of presentation of complications in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is changing, in line with their improved survival. Infection of the colon with cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is now more common
JAMA. 1994 Jun 1;271(21):1657-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94238785
Rayman RB; Davis JR; Aerospace Medical Association, Alexandria, Va.
There is debate about whether pilots infected with the human immunodeficiency virus should be permitted to pilot an aircraft. Approximately three in-flight medical emergencies occur each day, with physicians, flying as passengers, responding to 85% of them. There is no evidence that tuberculosis is any more likely to
Med Care. 1994 May;32(5):459-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94238946
Ettner SL; Weissman J; Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; Massachusetts 02115.
The assumption that intravenous (i.v.) drug users have weaker informal support networks than homosexual men has led to opposing policy recommendations: one emphasizes outreach and more formal (paid) home care for i.v. drug users, whereas the other maintains that formal home care programs are less effective for this ri
Med Clin (Barc). 1994 Mar 19;102(10):369-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94238954
Avino Rico MJ; Hernandez Aguado I; Perez Hoyos S; Garcia de la Hera M; Ruiz I; Bolumar Montrull F; Instituto Valenciano de Estudios en Salud Publica, Valencia.
BACKGROUND: Cohort studies estimating rates of incidence are scarce despite they are the most appropriate for following the epidemics of HIV-1 and evaluating the effectiveness of preventive interventions. The rate of incidence of infection by HIV-1 in intravenous drug users (IVDU) and the determining factors for such
Med Law. 1993;12(6-8):467-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94239181
Sher R; National AIDS Training and Outreach Programme, Johannesburg,; South Africa.
Two aspects of the role of women in the AIDS epidemic are discussed. Firstly, the role of women in the epidemic and secondly how does HIV/AIDS affect women. Currently it is estimated that over four million women are infected with HIV and more attention is increasingly being paid to this group. Women have been function
Med Law. 1993;12(6-8):521-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94239187
Chipeur GD
There are a number of circumstances under which it may be argued that compulsory blood testing is justified. In the face of demands for the right to know, how does a hospital or other health care provider ensure that a patient s right to privacy is respected? Which right should prevail: the right to know or the right
Med Hypotheses. 1993 Dec;41(6):542-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94239262
Ijichi S; Izumo S; Eiraku N; Machigashira K; Kubota R; Nagai M; Ikegami N; Kashio N; Umehara F; Maruyama I; et al; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a well-defined clinico-pathological entity in which the virus infection and the host immune responses are involved in the pathomechanism. It is generally agreed that the virus infection precedes the development o
Med J Malaysia. 1993 Sep;48(3):355-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94239284
Shekhar KC; Ng KP; Rokiah I; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
An AIDS patient with multiple opportunistic infections (Candida, Pneumocystis carinii and Isospora belli) was identified at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. The patient presented with profuse diarrhoea associated with lethargy, anorexia and weight loss. Routine stool examination showed Isospora belli oocysts. Th
Although previous recommendations for preventing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through transplantation of human tissue and organs have markedly reduced the risk for this type of transmission, a case of HIV transmission from a screened, antibody-negative donor to several recipients raised questions
Kioumehr F; Dadsetan MR; Rooholamini SA; Au A; Department of Radiological Sciences, Olive View/UCLA Medical; Center, Sylmar 91342.
The MRI findings of 18 proven cases of central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis were reviewed; 10 patients were seropositive for HIV. All had medical, laboratory, or surgical proof of CNS tuberculosis. Eleven patients had meningitis, of whom two also had arachnoiditis. Five patients had focal intra-axial tuberculomas
Pathol Res Pract. 1993 Dec;189(10):1137-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94239926
Kon S; Sato T; Onodera K; Satoh M; Kikuchi K; Imai S; Osato T; Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Japan.
Six cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD)-like T cell lymphoma were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blot analysis. Five cases out of six showed gene rearrangements of the T cell receptor beta chain, indicating the existence of a cl
Rieder HL; Tuberculosis Section, International Union Against Tuberculosis; and Lung Disease, Paris, Frankreich.
While HIV has changed the tuberculosis situation in an unprecedented way on a global scale, its impact in western Europe on tuberculosis has remained relatively small, largely due to achievements in control over the past decades. To what extent HIV may thwart these achievements in some population segments (e.g. inject
Oxidants, highly reactive free radicals, play a major role in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory lung disorders. In the healthy lung, the oxidant burden is balanced by the local antioxidant defenses. However, both an increased oxidant burden and/or decreased antioxidant defenses may reverse the physiologica
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 May 10;91(10):4559-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94240175
Ryser HJ; Levy EM; Mandel R; DiSciullo GJ; Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, MA; 02118.
The cell surface of mammalian cells is capable of reductively cleaving disulfide bonds of exogenous membrane-bound macromolecules (for instance, the interchain disulfide of diphtheria toxin), and inhibiting this process with membrane-impermeant sulfhydryl reagents prevents diphtheria toxin cytotoxicity. More recently
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 May 10;91(10):4594-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94240182
Platt EJ; Haffar OK; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle,; WA 98121.
Association of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag polyprotein precursor with cellular membranes is necessary for assembly of virions. We used in vitro synthesized HIV-1 gag to study its association with isolated cellular membranes. Rabbit reticulocyte lysates programmed with HIV-1 gag mRNA incorporate
S D J Med. 1994 Mar;47(3):81-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94240553
Iverson DA; Hurley B; Pueringer R; USD School of Medicine, Sioux Falls.
Tuberculosis incidence in the United States has recently increased from its rate of decline resulting in an excess of cases nationwide. The increase has been attributed largely to the HIV epidemic. Although tuberculosis incidence in South Dakota has increased similar to the national tr
Schwartzberg SS; Adult Outpatient Clinic, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital,; Belmont, MA 02178.
The emphasis in the psychosocial literature on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been placed, correctly, on the traumatic impact of AIDS in terms of mortality, bereavement, suicide, psychopathology, and coping with life amid enormous multiple stressors. However, an important aspect of the HIV epidemic has been pa
Farmer P; Department of Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 02115.
In a village in rural Haiti , a cohort of 20 adults was interviewed annually in order to trace the development of a cultural model of AIDS. It was possible to document the initial lack of a cultural model of AIDS followed by the elaboration over time of a widely shared representation
Cook DG; Fantini J; Spitalnik SL; Gonzalez-Scarano F; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Medical; Center, Philadelphia 19104-6146.
The primary receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the CD4 molecule. However, a large body of evidence has demonstrated that some cells that do not express the CD4 receptor can be infected by HIV-1 and HIV-2, indicating that an alternative mechanism of infection must exist for some cell types. Recently
Hoglund S; Ohagen A; Lawrence K; Gabuzda D; Department of Biochemistry, HIV Structure Group, Biomedical; Center, Uppsala, Sweden.
The viral infectivity factor gene vif of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been shown to enhance the cell-free infectivity of HIV-1 virus particles. Previous studies have demonstrated that vif increases viral infectivity at the time of virus production, most likely by affecting viral protein processing,
Foster JL; Anderson SJ; Frazier AL; Garcia JV; Department of Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health; Sciences Center, Memphis 38163.
HIV-1 Nef down-modulates expression of human CD4, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receptor, at the cell surface. Down-modulation of retrovirus receptors has been shown to be important in the survival of infected cells. To relate this observation to AIDS pathogenesis, we compared the ability of Nef from the SIVm
Knevelman A; de Wit HJ; Potstra P; v.d. Does JA; Red Cross Bloodbank Friesland, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
The small-scale production of a severely heated factor VIII concentrate is described. As starting material for the production 48 units of fresh frozen plasma from whole-blood donations or 24 units of plasma from apheresis are used. During a glycine and sodium chloride fractionation, contaminating proteins are removed
Knevelman A; de Wit HJ; Griffin B; Hart H; McIntosh RV; Red Cross Bloodbank Friesland, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
During product development of a factor VIII concentrate (Dutch blood banks) the conversion from unsterilized to autoclaved freeze-drying buffer caused impaired product characteristics after severe dry heat treatment (80 degrees C for 72 h). Analysis of the freeze-drying buffers showed the presence of fructose and gluc
Kiss J; Tisza T; Toth FD; Horvath A; Stumpf A; Institute of Microbiology, University Medical School, Debrecen,; Hungary.
Cell and serum samples from 7 Hungarian patients with mycosis fungoides were examined for the presence of HTLV-I-related DNA sequences and antibodies recognizing HTLV-I antigens. DNA sequences distantly related to the proviral DNA of HTLV-I were shown by Southern blot hybridization in 3 patients. Serum samples from th
Acta Med Port. 1994 Jan;7(1):39-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94241014
Monteiro JA; Martins TV; Morgado A; Departmento de Infecciologia, Hospital de Curry Cabral, Lisboa.
Typhlitis, ileocecal syndrome and neutropenic enterocolitis are different terms, of what seems to be a localized infection in the cecal mucosa, caused by Clostridia species. Initially described in neutropenic patients, with leukaemias or after antineoplastic chemotherapy, typhlitis can also occur in HIV patients, as i
Cinatl J Jr; Cinatl J; Weber B; Rabenau H; Weissflog A; Mainke M; Kornhuber B; Doerr HW; Department of Medical Virology, J. W. Goethe University,; Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany.
Human T-lymphoid MOLT-4 cells were grown continuously for more than 1 year in medium containing either 3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine ( AZT ), 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (ddI) or 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine (
Am Fam Physician. 1994 May 15;49(7):1627-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94241116
Cohen PR; Grossman ME; Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Medical School at; Houston.
Mucocutaneous lesions may be the initial feature or a subsequent manifestation of disseminated systemic fungal infections in patients who are seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These lesions can be classified by their morphologic appearance as macules, nodules, papules, patches, plaques, pustules or
Am J Hematol. 1994 May;46(1):29-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94241195
Jason J; Murphy J; Sleeper LA; Donfield SM; Warrier I; Arkin S; Evatt B; Gomperts ED; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
OBJECTIVES: To assess relationships among the effects of HIV on hemophilic children and adolescents immunologic parameters and vaccine-related serology. METHODS: We analyzed data from extensive baseline immunologic evaluations of 207 HIV antibody-positive (HIV+) and 126 HIV antibody-negative (HIV-) hemophilic childre
Ann Emerg Med. 1994 May;23(5):1082-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94241448
Anglin D; Kyriacou DN; Hutson HR; Department of Emergency Medicine, LAC/USC Medical Center.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess emergency medicine residents perspectives on violence and personal safety in the emergency department. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Survey of all 461 current emergency medicine residents and 1992 graduates in the 13 emergency medicine residency programs in California. RESULTS: Eighty-five perce
Ann Neurol. 1994;35 Suppl:S22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94241666
Dubois-Dalcq ME; Zhou JM; Wilt S; Laboratory of Viral and Molecular Pathogenesis, National; Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Broers B; Morabia A; Hirschel B; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Geneva,; Switzerland.
OBJECTIVES: Determine whether patients who have acquired the human immunodeficiency virus through injecting drug use receive less antiviral medication (zidovudine) than comparable patients of other risk groups considering access to, acceptance of, and compliance with treatment. DESIGN: Historical cohort study. SETTING
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 May 16;200(3):1658-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242036
Tummino PJ; Ferguson D; Hupe L; Hupe D; Department of Biochemistry, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research,; Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.
The nonpeptide compounds C1 (4-hydroxy-3-(3-phenoxypropyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one) and P1 (4-hydroxy-6-phenyl-3-(phenylthio)pyran-2-one) are structurally novel low micromolar inhibitors of the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Kinetic analysis revealed that both compounds are competitive inhibitors,
Fan L; Snyderwine EG; Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Cancer; Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892-0037.
2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) are two members of a family of carcinogenic heterocyclic amines (HAs) found in cooked meats that form DNA adducts after activation to N-acetoxy derivatives. The ability of IQ- and PhIP-DNA adducts to inhibit gene ex
de Santis M; Noia G; di Lieto MP; Fundaro C; Mastromarino C; Monni M; Trivellini C; Masini L; Caruso A; Mancuso S; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universita Cattolica; del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
From January 1986 to December 1990 70 HIV-seropositive pregnant women were seen at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rome, Italy . All of them delivered in our Hospital Center and their babies were enrolled in pediatric follow-up. Sixty-five patients (93%) were drug-addict
Gibson F; Lehrach H; Buckler AJ; Brown SD; North MA; St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, Imperial College of Science,; Technology and Medicine, London, UK.
Exon amplification is a technique designed to solve a central problem in mammalian molecular genetics--specifically, the isolation of genes from large regions of genomic DNA. This technique allows exons to be isolated from genomic DNA following the selective removal of introns by the eukaryotic splicing mechanism. It
Int Immunol. 1994 Mar;6(3):377-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242715
Omri B; Crisanti P; Alliot F; Marty MC; Rutin J; Levallois C; Privat A; Pessac B; CNRS URA 1681: Developpement et Immunite du Systeme Nerveux; Central, Ivry sur Seine, France.
CD4 is a member of the Ig gene super family expressed on the surface of many thymocytes and of a subset of T lymphocytes. Human CD4 is the receptor for HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120. Human and mouse CD4 transcripts are expressed in human and mouse central nervous system (CNS), but no corresponding proteins have been
AIDS Care. 1994;6(1):105-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242805
Tindall B; Forde S; Goldstein D; Ross MW; Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Australia.
AIDS Care. 1994;6(1):21-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242806
Pergami A; Catalan J; Hulme N; Burgess A; Gazzard B; Department of Psychological Medicine, South Kensington and; Chelsea Mental Health Centre, Charing Cross & Westminster Medical; School (University of London), UK.
The study aimed at obtaining information about the experience of how the diagnosis of HIV infection was given. Thirty asymptomatic HIV seropositive subjects completed a self-report questionnaire enquiring about their views of the process of communication of a positive test result. Subjects current mood was assessed w
AIDS Care. 1994;6(1):29-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242807
Obadia Y; Rey D; Moatti JP; Pradier C; Couturier E; Brossard Y; Brunet JB; South-Eastern France Regional Center for Disease Control, ORS; PACA, Marseille.
Two complementary surveys were carried out in the 89 hospital units of South-Eastern France which deal with pregnant women. Firstly, in November 1991, medical chiefs of these units were interviewed face-to-face about their current HIV screening policy. Secondly, between Jan 27 and
A self-complete questionnaire to assess satisfaction with dental care was administered to two groups of dental patients: men with asymptomatic HIV infection attending a dedicated dental clinic and men, presumed to be HIV negative, attending a general dental practice. Both settings were staffed by the same dentist. Men
AIDS Care. 1994;6(1):49-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242810
Brettle RP; Willocks L; Hamilton BA; Shaw L; Leen CL; Richardson A; Gore SM; Regional Infectious Disease Unit, City Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
Using combined medical and drug clinics, by the end of 1990 we had initiated contact with 511 HIV positive individuals, 75% injection drug use (IDU) related. We have previously reported a significant reduction in the number of missed appointments from 1985-89 following the introduction of methadone and an all day clin
AIDS Care. 1994;6(1):5-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242811
Beardsell S; SIGMA, Department of Sociology, University of Essex, UK.
The issue of the role of HIV testing in HIV prevention is an important one. Some commentators have argued that HIV testing should be encouraged more widely on the grounds that it can stimulate behaviour change to safe sex and drug use. Testing has been advanced as an important means to control the epidemic. There is,
AIDS Care. 1994;6(1):59-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242812
Widman M; Light DW; Platt JJ; Department of Mental Health Sciences, Hahnemann University,; Philadelphia, PA 19102-1192.
Inappropriate delays in hospital discharge for AIDS patients add to the expense of health care, as well as to the stress felt by the patient. It has been postulated that delays are due to a lack of suitable out-of-hospital services and weak patient support networks. The charts of AIDS patients discharged from hospital
AIDS Care. 1994;6(1):69-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242813
Ellis D; Collis I; King M; Academic Department of Psychiatry, Royal Free Hospital School of; Medicine, London, UK.
A retrospective case-control study was performed to compare the patterns of psychiatric illness and treatment in 70 patients referred to the psychiatric liaison service from the HIV/AIDS team in a London teaching hospital with 70 age- and sex-matched controls referred for psychiatric assessment from general medical an
AIDS Care. 1994;6(1):77-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242814
Ross MW; Jeffords K; Gold J; Center for Health Promotion Research Development, School of; Public Health, University of Texas, Houston 77225.
Thirty-two men who participated in a trial of Zidovudine (> 500 CD4 cells/10(6) L) were surveyed regarding their reasons for participation in clinical trials. The major source of influence to enter the trial was the clinic doctor, and importance for self in participation was rated as the least important reason. Medica
AIDS Care. 1994;6(1):83-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94242815
Rosenthal D; Moore S; Buzwell S; La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia.
Homeless, Anglo-Australian and Greek-Australian 16-year-olds were questioned about their sexual behaviour and sexual beliefs. Measures of sexual risk-taking included type of behaviour, condom use and number of partners. Drug risk was assessed by extent of i.v. drug use, and sharing and cleaning needles. Sexual beliefs
In Italy , care for people with AIDS (PWA) is centred on hospital services. However, other services are beginning to develop, both in the form of residential facilities and of home care. It seems, therefore, important to define the type of non-hospital services that should be supplie
Curiel TJ; Cook DR; Wang Y; Hahn BH; Ghosh SK; Harrison GS; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Division of; Infectious Disease, Denver 80262.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes persistent infection of T cells. Chemotherapy for infection in humans may slow HIV-related disease progression, but it does not eradicate virus. Thus, other treatment modalities are warranted. We have previously demonstrated that the human T cell line H9, ordinarily permis
Bevec D; Volc-Platzer B; Zimmermann K; Dobrovnik M; Hauber J; Veres G; Bohnlein E; ART Department, Sandoz Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
We have previously reported that chimeric neomycin phosphotransferase (neo)-Rev response element (RRE) transcripts suppress the function of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Rev trans-activator protein in HeLa cells. In an extension of these experiments, human CD4+ CEM cells (G418-resistant cell populati
Stein ME; Kantor A; Spencer D; Bezwoda WR; Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Johannesburg; Hospital, Medical School, Republic of South Africa.
The data are scant concerning classical Kaposi s sarcoma (CKS) among the Caucasian population of Africa. A description of the clinical features of 15 such patients, treated and followed up at the Johannesburg General Hospital over a 14-year period (1978-1992) is presented. All patients were negative for the human immu
Griffin DK; Shriver ME; Hauser R; Department of Neurology, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital,; Tampa, FL 33612.
The initial manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus infection is highly variable. This reports Parinaud s syndrome as the initial manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Daras M; Koppel BS; Samkoff L; Marc J; Department of Neurology, Metropolitan Hospital, New York Medical; College, NY 10029.
Brainstem involvement by Toxoplasma gondii is probably more common than other opportunistic infections, although it has not received adequate attention. Identification of toxoplasmosis is essential, as this condition responds to treatment with a significant increase in life expectancy. During the past 4 years, 366 AID
Mbemba E; Gluckman JC; Gattegno L; Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Faculte de Medecine; Paris-Nord, Bobigny, France.
Envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) can interact with high-mannose glycans and with the mannosyl or N-acetylglucosaminyl core of complex-type oligosaccharidic structures. HIV-1 glycoproteins also specifically bind sulphated polysaccharides such as dextran sulphate (DS) and hepari
While efficacy of zidovudine (ZDV) in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is well established, the issue of survival after early ZDV treatment is still controversial. To assess survival benefits of ZDV treatment prior to AIDS, as compared to treatment after the onset of AIDS, we used an observational analysi
In children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) placebo-controlled trials with intravenous immunoglobulins have resulted in a significant reduction in morbidity; however, the results of small trials in adolescents and adults have been inconsistent. In this study 17 HIV-infected hemophiliacs aged 9-30 year
Womens Health Issues. 1994 Spring;4(1):16-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94243308
Amstey MS; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester,; School of Medicine and Dentistry, New York.
The history of syphilis control from the mid-19th century through the present time is a strong argument for the need to enhance the public health efforts to find cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and to notify the partners of infected individuals. To do this, public policy must be changed to allow
de Montalembert M; Centre de Transfusion Sanguine, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades,; Paris.
Thalassemic patients are among the most transfused patients, and therefore the most exposed to transfusion-transmitted infections. Prevalence of anti-HIV antibodies before systematic blood donations screening has been evaluated at 1.56% in a European study. Since implementation of this screening, seroconversion to HIV
Garcia Garcia JC; Baloira Villar A; Anibarro Garcia L; Rodriguez Garcia JC; de Lis Munoz JM; Otero Portela JL; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Montecelo, Pontevedra.
Cryptococcosis is often seen in immunodeficient patients, including those with AIDS. It usually affects mainly the respiratory tract and central nervous system. We present a rare case of pleural involvement with no sign of disease at other sites. A review of the literature yields only three other similar cases. We dis
In the last eight years, numerous cohort studies have been conducted to estimate the rate of mother-to-child (MTC) transmission of HIV. Many of these have faced problems in data collection and analysis. This made it difficult to compare transmission rates (TRs) between studies. Two workshops on methodological aspects
Sandhu JS; Division of Immunology and Neurobiology, Samuel Lunenfeld; Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
The limitations of human vaccines in use at present and the design requirements for a new generation of human vaccines are discussed. The progress in engineering of human vaccines for bacteria, viruses, parasites, and cancer is reviewed, and the data from human studies with the engineered vaccines are discussed, espec
Post FA; Soule SG; Willcox PA; Levitt NS; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
OBJECTIVE: Substantial variation in the prevalence (0-55%) of hypoadrenalism in tuberculosis (TB) has been reported. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate adrenal, thyroid and gonadal function in patients presenting with active pulmonary TB. DESIGN: A prospective study of 50 patients admitted to a single
Clarke JR; Gates AJ; Coker RJ; Douglass JA; Williamson JD; Mitchell DM; Department of Medical Microbiology, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London, UK.
In this study we have determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) the quantity of HIV-1 proviral DNA in cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from the lung of HIV-1+ individuals. This has been compared quantitatively with the proviral DNA in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) obtained simultaneously from the
Denis M; Ghadirian E; Pulmonary Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Sherbrooke, Canada.
We examined the synthesis and release of MIP-1 alpha in alveolar macrophages obtained from normal subjects or subjects infected with HIV-1, at different stages of the disease. HIV-1-infected subjects in groups II, III and IV all had significant interstitial pneumonitis, featuring a significant infiltration of CD8+ lym
Dan Med Bull. 1994 Feb;41(1):107-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94244346
Thuesen L; Moller A; Kristensen BO; Black F; Department of Cardiology, Skejby Hospital, Arhus.
OBJECTIVE--to investigate cardiac function and prognostic significance of echocardiographic findings in patients with uncomplicated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS--Doppler echocardiography was performed in 60 male patients with HIV-infection and no signs of other active infections,
Wax TD; Layfield LJ; Zaleski S; Bhargara V; Cohen M; Lyerly HK; Fisher SR; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
We report three cases of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) sialadenitis which presented as parotid gland nodules in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. While CMV is known to widely infect patients with the acquired i
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1994 May 6;119(18):657-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94244443
Albrecht H; Stellbrink HJ; Petersen J; Patzak A; Jager H; Greten H; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitatskrankenhaus; Eppendorf, Hamburg.
A 41-year-old man infected with HIV-1 developed fever up to 39.8 degrees C together with nonproductive cough and dyspnoea. Lactate dehydrogenase concentration rose from a level of 998 U/l to 6307 U/l. As pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was at first suspected he was treated with co-trimoxazole (1600 mg sulfamethoxazole
Incidence, type and clinical significance of cardiac involvement in advanced HIV infection was determined in 32 patients (30 men, two women; mean age 34.2 [21-52] years; mean CD4-cell number 52.2 [0-192]/microliters) over a period of 31 months. Any cardiac involvement was assessed diagnostically by one- and two-dimens
East Afr Med J. 1993 Oct;70(10):609-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94244491
Githui WA; Kwamanga D; Chakaya JM; Karimi FG; Waiyaki PG; Respiratory Diseases Research Unit, Kenya Medical Research; Institute, Nairobi.
Our experience at the Respiratory Diseases Research Unit (RDRU), over the last 10 years (1981-1990) on the initial drug resistance pattern, focusing on three drugs viz: isoniazid (H), streptomycin (S) and rifampicin (R) is presented. Records on all isolates of M. tuberculosis from one specimen of every newly diagnosed
East Afr Med J. 1993 Oct;70(10):624-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94244495
Aseffa A; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Gondar College of; Medical Sciences, Ethiopia.
Ethiopia is endemic for many viral diseases. Serosurveys have demonstrated the high prevalence rate of hepatitis B virus. There are also indications of high transmission for hepatitis C, hepatitis E and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The population is exposed to poliomyeliti
EMBO J. 1994 May 1;13(9):2044-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94244603
Ohta H; Tsurudome M; Matsumura H; Koga Y; Morikawa S; Kawano M; Kusugawa S; Komada H; Nishio M; Ito Y; Department of Microbiology, Mie University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Anti-FRP mAbs induced polykaryocyte formation of U2ME-7 cells (CD4+U937 cells transfected with the HIV gp160 gene). Anti-FRP-1 mAb immunoprecipitated gp80-85, gp120 and homodimers of these peptides, and anti-FRP-2 mAb reacted with gp135 identically to the alpha 3 subunit of integrin. Both anti-FRP-1 and anti-FRP-2 mAb
Troillet N; Durussel C; Bille J; Glauser MP; Chave JP; Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Twenty-five patients seen consecutively at an HIV outpatient clinic who had clinical evidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis and two or more oral swabs positive for yeasts on culture were studied retrospectively. For each of the 65 isolates susceptibility to fluconazole was evaluated by the disk diffusion test and deter
Vignoli C; De Lamballerie X; Zandotti C; Tamalet C; De Micco P; Laboratory of Virology, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.
A procedure for rapid detection of JC virus (JCV) using the polymerase chain reaction is described. The procedure was tested in eight HIV-1-seropositive patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. One-step DNA extraction using a chelating resin was carried out on clinical samples of cerebrospinal fluid (
Williams JL; Patchen ML; Darden JH; Jackson WE; Experimental Hematology Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology; Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603.
The aims of this study were to determine the radiosensitivities of murine thymic and splenic CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and to evaluate the regeneration of these cells in a model of radiation-induced hematopoietic and immune suppression. CD4+ and CD8+ cells were quantitated using two-color flow-cytometric analysis. Cel
Hlozanek I; Rynditch AV; Mikhailik A; Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech; Republic, Praha.
The env and v-src genes of a duck-adapted variant of Rous sarcoma virus were replaced for corresponding genes from parental chick-derived virus. The generation of viral constructs with replaced genes is described. DNAs of viruses with replaced genes were assayed on chick and duck embryo fibroblasts by transfection ass
Guidozzi F; Reddy S; Wadee A; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Johannesburg Hospital,; South Africa.
A study that focused on the identification of the phenotype and proliferative responses of peripheral blood and ovarian cancer-infiltrating lymphocytes in a patient with stage III ovarian cancer who had human immunodeficiency virus infection is presented. Monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry were used to determine
Campagnari AA; Karalus R; Apicella M; Melaugh W; Lesse AJ; Gibson BW; Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo; 14215.
Haemophilus ducreyi, a cause of genital ulcer disease in developing countries, appears to facilitate the heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus in Africa. Despite an increase in studies of this gram-negative human pathogen, little is known about the pathogenesis of chancroid. Our studies have sh
Int J Addict. 1994 Feb;29(3):361-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94245427
Wexler HK; Magura S; Beardsley MM; Josepher H; National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York, New; York.
An AIDS prevention training program for parolees recently released from prison with histories of drug injection was developed and evaluated. Key program elements included: a social learning approach to prevention which emphasized resistance skills training; a self-help orientation stressing individual responsibility;
Health Educ Q. 1994 Spring;21(1):117-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94245487
Hoppe MJ; Wells EA; Wilsdon A; Gillmore MR; Morrison DM; Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work,; University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Focus groups were used as a qualitative technique to elicit knowledge and attitudes of children in Grades 3 to 6 about acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Twenty-seven small groups of children responded to open-ended questions about general AIDS knowledge; transmission, causation, consequences, and prevention
Health Educ Q. 1994 Spring;21(1):39-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94245490
Norris AE; Ford K; School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167.
This article focuses on the condom beliefs of low income, urban African American and Hispanic youth living in the Midwest. The condom beliefs under investigation were derived from prior research with members of this population and through consultation with African American and Hispanic youth and service providers. Sig
Iwata K; Ito S; Saito H; Ito M; Nagatomo M; Yamasaki T; Yoshida S; Suto H; Tajima K; Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion, Nagasaki; University School of Medicine.
A community-based cohort study was conducted to clarify the risk of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection for cause-specific deaths. A total of 1,997 individuals (751 men and 1,246 women) aged 30 or older in A-Island, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan who had voluntarily at
Benos DJ; McPherson S; Hahn BH; Chaikin MA; Benveniste EN; Department of Physiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294.
The pathogenesis of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cognitive/motor complex, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex, is unknown, but it afflicts over 50% of all patients infected with HIV-1. Because neurons are not directly infected with HIV
Mayor B; Schnyder P; Giron J; Landry M; Duvoisin B; Fournier D; Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne,; Switzerland.
OBJECTIVE: Extrapulmonary involvement by Pneumocystis carinii (PC) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients is uncommon. Our purpose is to describe three AIDS patients with low cluster differentiation cell (CD4) counts, who were receiving aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis, and who had large noncalcified hil
Flores KM; White CS; Wisniewski P; Britt EJ; Templeton PA; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Maryland; Medical System, Baltimore 21201.
Rippis GE; Becker B; Scott G; Department of Pathology, University of Rochester, New York.
It is well known that several dermatoses, such as psoriasis vulgaris and seborrheic dermatitis, present with more extensive and severe disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Except for one report, however, lichen planus (LP) has not been described in patients with HIV infection. In
Moss RB; Kaliner MA; Allergic Diseases Section, NIAID, National Institute of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland.
A novel PCR in situ protocol is described which can be implemented in one day. An initial amplification step with a single primer pair is followed by an amplification with an internal oligonucleotide probe with labeled nucleotides (dig-dUTP). Detection is then accomplished with an antidigoxigenin antibody and substrat
Hashida S; Hashinaka K; Hirota K; Saitoh A; Nakata A; Shinagawa H; Oka S; Shimada K; Mimaya J; Matsushita S; et al; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Miyazaki, Japan.
Anti-HIV-1 IgG in urine was detected by an ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) using recombinant p24 gag protein (p24) of HIV-1 as antigen and beta-D-galactosidase from Escherichia coli as label. Anti-HIV-1 IgG in urine was reacted simultaneously with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-bovine
Jamieson BD; Aldrovandi GM; Planelles V; Jowett JB; Gao L; Bloch LM; Chen IS; Zack JA; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine.
The role of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) accessory genes in pathogenesis has remained unclear because of the lack of a suitable in vivo model. The most controversial of these genes is nef. We investigated the requirement for Nef for in vivo replication and pathogenicity of two isolates of HIV-1 (HIV-1JR
Delamarre L; Pique C; Pham D; Tursz T; Dokhelar MC; CNRS URA 1156, Institut G. Roussy, Villejuif, France.
Single conservative and nonconservative amino acid substitutions were introduced into the gp45 external envelope protein (SU) of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). The mutated amino acids were those identified as being conserved in HTLV-I, HTLV-II, and simian T-cell leukemia virus type I (but not in bovine l
Katzman M; Sudol M; Department of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center,; Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033.
Although integration generally is considered a critical step in the retrovirus life cycle, it has been reported that visna virus, which causes degenerative neurologic disease in sheep, can productively infect sheep choroid plexus cells without detectable integration. To ascertain whether the integrase (IN) of visna vi
Kirchhoff F; Mori K; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772-9102.
Thirty-one different mutant forms of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) were created with changes in the region of env corresponding to the V3 domain of HIV-1. Sixteen of these mutants had one amino acid change, 12 had two changes, two had three changes, and one had four changes in the SIVmac V3 loop. The ability
Luban J; Goff SP; Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians; and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
We previously identified blocks of sequence near the 5 end of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) genome which conferred on RNA the ability to bind specifically to the HIV-1 Gag polyprotein, Pr55gag (J. Luban and S. P. Goff, J. Virol. 65:3203-3212, 1991; R. Berkowitz, J. Luban, and S. P. Goff, J. Virol. 67:7190-
Klaver B; Berkhout B; Department of Virology, Academic Medical Center, University of; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The architecture of a retroviral genome presents some unusual features for transcriptional regulation because of duplication of the transcriptional control sequences in the 5 and 3 long terminal repeats (LTRs). We have studied the transcriptional activity of the 5 and 3 LTRs of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
Luo Y; Yu H; Peterlin BM; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, California.
Replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 requires expression of the viral trans activator Rev. Rev binds to a highly structured RNA, the Rev response element, which is present in singly spliced and unspliced genomic viral RNAs. Although Rev helps to transport these transcripts from the nucleus to the cytopla
Corbin A; Prats AC; Darlix JL; Sitbon M; Laboratoire d'Oncologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire, INSERM U363,; Universite Paris V, France.
In addition to the Gag-Pol and Env precursors whose translation initiates at AUG codons, murine, feline, and simian type C oncoviruses also express glycosylated Gag-Pol precursors (glycoGag), glycoGag translation is initiated at CUG codons located upstream of the Gag AUG initiation codon. In contrast to Gag, glycoGag
Portis JL; Spangrude GJ; McAtee FJ; Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain; Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, Hamilton, Montana 59840.
Neonatal inoculation of the wild-mouse ecotropic retrovirus CasBrE (clone 15-1) causes a noninflammatory spongiform neurodegenerative disease with an incubation period of > or = 6 months. Introduction of sequences from Friend murine leukemia virus (clone FB29) into the genome of CasBrE results in a marked shortening o
Chow SA; Brown PO; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University Medical Center,; California 94305-5428.
The integrase encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is required for integration of viral DNA into the host cell chromosome. In vitro, integrase mediates a concerted cleavage-ligation reaction (strand transfer) that results in covalent attachment of viral DNA to target DNA. With a substrate that mimics
Schreiber M; Petersen H; Wachsmuth C; Muller H; Hufert FT; Schmitz H; Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical; Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
The present study was designed to determine the antibody specificity for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) V3 domains of infectious and noninfectious virions present in the serum of AIDS patients. To accomplish this, HIV-1 was isolated in the presence of autologous antibodies from the serum samples of si
Taylor JP; Pomerantz RJ; Raj GV; Kashanchi F; Brady JN; Amini S; Khalili K; Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent activator of long terminal repeat-directed transcription. While in most cell types, activation requires interaction of Tat with the unusual transcription element TAR, astrocytic glial cells support TAR-independent transactivation of HIV-1 trans
Hoatlin ME; Ferro FE Jr; Kozak SL; Kabat D; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of; Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098.
The Pvu delta mutant of Friend spleen focus-forming virus encodes the smallest env glycoprotein (apparent M(r), 41,000) known to activate erythropoietin receptors. In vivo, Pvu delta causes erythroblastosis and the development of erythroleukemia. We isolated two leukemic cell lines that contain Pvu delta; both synthes
Ohnishi Y; Shioda T; Nakayama K; Iwata S; Gotoh B; Hamaguchi M; Nagai Y; Institute for Disease Mechanism and Control, Nagoya University; School of Medicine, Japan.
Furin, a subtilisin-like mammalian endoprotease, is thought to be responsible for the processing of many proprotein precursors of cellular and viral origin, including gp160 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, which share the consensus processing site motif, Arg-X-Lys/Arg-Arg, for protease recognition (for reviews,
Chackerian B; Morton WR; Overbaugh J; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle; 98195.
In macaques infected with a clone of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Mne, viral variants consistently evolve multiple new potential glycosylation sites in the first variable region (V1) prior to the development of AIDS. In the present study, we asked whether viruses with these glycosylation sites persist when they
Gluckman GR; Werboff LH; Department of Urology, University of California School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0738.
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that is responsible for an asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic lymphadenopathy syndrome, which in the immunocompromised host can be life threatening. Toxoplasmosis commonly affects the central nervous system. Genitourinary involvement is uncommon with reported cases lim
Kobayashi TL; Dick W; Department of Anesthesiology, Shizuoka City Hospital.
In a retrospective study, the perioperative findings and complications of AIDS patients and asymptomatic HIV-positive patients were compared to those of HIV-negative patients. Characteristic operations in HIV-positive patients were those of extremities in general surgery, and dilatation and curettage in gynecology. Th
Lakartidningen. 1994 Feb 23;91(8):742-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94247221
Blaxhult A; Lidman K; Bada vid infektionskliniken, Danderyds sjukhus.
In Sweden , voluntary testing for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)-antibodies has been given an important place in combating AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). To elicit the reasons why people seek voluntary testing on their own initiative outside general screening program
Friedman M; Brenski A; Taylor L; Department of Otolaryngology and Bronchoesophagology,; Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612.
From 1987 to 1992, 240 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with oral, laryngeal, and pharyngeal ulcers were evaluated. In 180 patients, ulcers resolved in less than 2 weeks without treatment. Of the 60 patients whose ulcers persisted for more than 2 weeks, 24 were culture positive for herpes simplex vir
Life Sci. 1994;54(20):PL351-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94247271
Gallicchio VS; Hughes NK; Tse KF; Gaines H; Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Kentucky Medical; Center, Lexington 40536-0084.
Use of the anti-viral drug zidovudine in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been associated with the development of hematopoietic toxicity. Several hematopoietic growth factors have been investigated in their ability to modulate such toxicity; however, no single factor has been demonstrated
Medicine (Baltimore). 1994 May;73(3):119-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94247289
Verville TD; Huycke MM; Greenfield RA; Fine DP; Kuhls TL; Slater LN; Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Increased recognition of Rhodococcus equi as a human pathogen has occurred since 1983, when the first review article summarized the world s literature of 12 cases. In this article, we present 12 cases from the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and review 60 from the literature. Most cases occur in immunoco
Prochaska HJ; Rubinson L; Yeh Y; Baron P; Polsky B; Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics Program, Memorial; Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021.
Supplementation of media with high concentrations of thiols (5-20 mM) inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in vitro. Compounds that prevent carcinogenesis via induction of phase II enzymes also elevate intracellular GSH levels, thus raising the possibility that chemopreventive enzyme induce
Tamba K; Miyauchi Y; Irabu N; Murakami S; Hemodialysis Unit, Asahi General Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
A case of human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy (HAM) occurring in a 62-year-old Japanese male with a history of hemodialysis and repeated blood transfusions due to chronic renal failure (CRF) is reported. The patient was a lifelong resident of Chiba Prefecture, a nonendemic area for H
van Gorp WG; Miller EN; Marcotte TD; Dixon W; Paz D; Selnes O; Wesch J; Becker JT; Hinkin CH; Mitrushina M; et al; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center West Los Angeles,; CA.
Previous studies have identified age as a risk factor for many neurologic disorders, and a cerebral reserve factor has been postulated to explain these findings. This study examined whether age represents a risk factor for HIV-1-related neuropsychological dysfunction. Subjects for study 1 were primarily asymptomatic s
Tylleskar T; Legue FD; Peterson S; Kpizingui E; Stecker P; International Child Health Unit, Uppsala University Hospital,; Sweden.
We identified a new focus of konzo, an upper motor neuron disease, in a part of western Central African Republic . Interviews and high serum levels of thiocyanate indicate that cyanide exposure from insufficiently processed cassava may cause konzo. Abrupt onset, nonp
Spinillo A; Gorini G; Regazzetti A; De Seta F; Nicola S; Zara C; Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Universita di; Pavia School of Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis genitourinary infection in women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHODS: The prevalence of asymptomatic chlamydial genitourinary infection in HIV-seropositive women was compared with both HIV-seronegative controls and women
Margono F; Mroueh J; Garely A; White D; Duerr A; Minkoff HL; Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, State University of New York; Health and Science Center, Brooklyn.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of active tuberculosis during pregnancy in two hospitals located in an area where tuberculosis is epidemic and to describe its course and association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHODS: We reviewed and analyzed the medical records of 16 pregnant women diagn
Johnstone FD; Thong KJ; Bird AG; Whitelaw J; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Infirmary,; Edinburgh, Scotland.
OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in lymphocyte subpopulations in early pregnancy using a methodologically appropriate study design that addresses previous sources of bias. METHODS: Thirty-seven healthy women without risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were reviewed when less than 9 weeks pregnant (median
Matzkin DC; Slamovits TL; Rosenbaum PS; Department of Ophthalmology, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert; Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467.
BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is more common in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and the incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the AIDS population has been increasing as the life expectancy of these patients has increased. Nevertheless, intraocular lymphoma, as part of primary central ne
Hand IL; Wiznia AA; Porricolo M; Lambert G; Caspe WB; Department of Pediatrics, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, Albert; Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10457.
Aerosolized pentamidine is widely used in adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus as both prophylaxis and therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of a monthly regimen of aerosolized pentamidine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected infants. Seven human i
Lisse IM; Aaby P; Knudsen K; Whittle H; Andersen H; Department of Pathology, Hvidovre University Hospital, Denmark.
Several trials of high titer measles vaccine (> 10(4.7) plaque-forming unit) have found female recipients of Edmonston-Zagreb (EZ) vaccine to have lower survival than female recipients of standard measles vaccine. Two trials with medium and high titer EZ vaccine from the age of 4 months were conducted in
Kline MW; Lewis DE; Hollinger FB; Reuben JM; Hanson LC; Kozinetz CA; Dimitrov DH; Rosenblatt HM; Shearer WT; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; 77030.
The infection status of 91 infants born to mothers with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was determined. Twenty-eight (31%) infants had confirmed HIV infection and 63 (69%) had seroreverted to HIV and lack evidence of infection. During the first 6 months of life HIV culture had a sensitivity and specificit
Bulterys M; Chao A; Munyemana S; Kurawige JB; Nawrocki P; Habimana P; Kageruka M; Mukantabana S; Mbarutso E; Dushimimana A; et al; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
A prospective cohort study of 318 human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-infected and 309 seronegative pregnant women was carried out in Butare, Rwanda . Birth weight was significantly lower among singleton infants born alive to HIV-1-infected mothers compared with those born alive
Ammann AJ; Pediatric AIDS Foundation Research, Novato, CA 94949.
The next decade of HIV/AIDS must resolve critical issues. It will be necessary to probe deeply to examine what is currently known, identify what needs to be known, and find ways to solve the issues that must be confronted. How to best achieve solutions in a timely manner must also be determined. Seven priorities of ma
Stanton B; Li X; Black M; Ricardo I; Galbraith J; Kaljee L; Feigelman S; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland, Baltimore; 21201.
OBJECTIVE. To assess the sexual practices and the social and intrapersonal influences on sexual practices and intentions which have an impact on the risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome among pre- and early adolescent, low-income African-American youths. DESIGN. Cross-sectional cohort study conducted in nine re
Subramanian T; D'Sa-Eipper C; Elangovan B; Chinnadurai G; Institute for Molecular Virology, St Louis University Medical; Center, MO 63110.
The N-terminal 48 amino acids of the Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV)-1 constitute its activation region. This region can autonomously activate transcription when targeted to the HIV-1 long terminal repeat or certain heterologous promoters either through DNA binding sites located upstream of the
Wiley CA; Neuropathology Division, Presbyterian University Hospital,; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
The brain is a frequent target of damage in AIDS. In addition to abundant opportunistic infections, HIV itself can cause CNS destruction. Numerous important clinical questions await a basic understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV-associated nervous system destruction. Why does HIV, like many other retroviruses, attac
Stern Y; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons,; Columbia University, New York, New York.
The design of a neuropsychological evaluation of the HIV patient must follow the standard procedures used in any clinical condition. A wide range of cognitive functions should be evaluated to develop a pattern of strengths and weaknesses. Specific attention should be devoted to areas that have been reported to be affe
Zegans LS; Gerhard AL; Coates TJ; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San; Francisco, School of Medicine, Langley Porter Institute.
Work with patients with HIV infections demands the highest degree of professional skill, empathy, and self-understanding on the part of the therapist. He or she must be an excellent diagnostician, must be knowledgeable about the use of medications in a wide array of clinical conditions, and must be willing to confront
Chesney MA; Folkman S; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California at San Francisco, School of Medicine.
The stress associated with HIV infection and the psychological impact of that stress have been documented. The complex issues that HIV-positive individuals encounter in managing their disease were described. The existing research on behavioral interventions designed to provide strategies to assist HIV-positive individ
Atkinson JH; Grant I; Psychiatry Service, San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; California.
The neuropsychiatric manifestations of HIV disease include neurobiologic and psychobiologic phenomena. The former consist of primary CNS complications caused directly by HIV, and include cognitive disorders (mild neurocognitive disorder and HIV-associated dementia ) and other CNS di
Boccellari A; Zeifert P; Neuropsychology Service, San Francisco General Hospital,; California.
HIV dementing illness recently has been delineated into two categories, HIV-associated minor cognitive/motor disorder that may or may not progress to an actual dementia , and HIV-associated dementia complex. At this time, these disorders are distinguished by severity of impairment.
Dilley JW; University of California, San Francisco AIDS Health Project.
Each program within the AIDS Health Project is designed to work with individuals at different points along the continuum between a state of health at one end of the spectrum and the clinical disorder of AIDS at the other. Thus, individual programs reflect different levels of prevention. For example, the Prevention and
Katz MH; AIDS Office, San Francisco Department of Public Health,; California.
Although not the most common cause, drug therapy does cause changes in cognition, emotion, or behavior in HIV-infected patients. Clinicians need to be aware of the range of known side effects of drugs for HIV infection. Clinicians also must be vigilant to the possibility of a side effect not previously reported becaus
Folkman S; Chesney MA; Christopher-Richards A; Department of Medicine, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco.
HIV disease presents profound challenges to primary caregivers including adjusting to the care recipient s disease progression, having increasing responsibilities for decision making as the disease progresses, responding to unexpected improvement, having to deal with a virtually uncontrollable disease, and managing ro
Kemeny ME; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University; of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine.
The biological pathways exist that could allow psychological factors to alter immune status in HIV-positive individuals. It yet remains to be determined whether such factors can, in fact, act as cofactors in HIV progression. The biology of AIDS is complex, and a multitude of processes may act on HIV progression and co
Ostrow DG; Community Health Behavior Program, Medical College of Wisconsin,; Milwaukee.
This article reviews what is known about the relationships between recreational psychoactive substance use and HIV infection and sexual behaviors that can transmit HIV. The focus of this article is on nonparenterally used recreational substances and their relationship to HIV transmission behaviors, specifically high-r
Syndulko K; Singer EJ; Nogales-Gaete J; Conrad A; Schmid P; Tourtellotte WW; Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles; School of Medicine.
Laboratory tests can provide useful information about the presence and effects of HIV-1 in the CNS, but have thus far not yielded definitive diagnostic or prognostic markers of HIV-1-related cognitive and motor complex. The most clinically useful laboratory procedures are MR imaging and CSF examinations. The routine c
Public Health Rep. 1994 May-Jun;109(3):305-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248280
Macher A; Goosby E; Barker L; Volberding P; Goldschmidt R; Balano KB; Williams A; Hoenig L; Gould B; Daniels E; University of California at San Francisco.
As HIV-related prophylactic and therapeutic research findings continue to evolve, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the Public Health Service has created multidisciplinary mechanisms to disseminate new treatment options and educate primary care providers at rural and urban sites throughout our
Public Health Rep. 1994 May-Jun;109(3):311-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248281
Farnham PG; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Most published estimates of the costs of the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been developed from the societal perspective, attempting to measure the burden of the epidemic to society in this country. Although societal cost analysis is well-dev
Public Health Rep. 1994 May-Jun;109(3):319-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248282
Curtis R; Friedman SR; Neaigus A; Jose B; Goldstein M; Des Jarlais DC; NDRI, Inc., New York, NY 10013.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a rapidly growing problem among injecting drug users (IDU), especially those infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The authors review IDUs responses to current TB control strategies and discuss the implications of their findings for the proposed implementation of directly observed therapy (
Public Health Rep. 1994 May-Jun;109(3):339-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248284
Kirby D; Short L; Collins J; Rugg D; Kolbe L; Howard M; Miller B; Sonenstein F; Zabin LS; ETR Associates, Scotts Valley, CA.
This review was undertaken in recognition of the mounting public health and social problems associated with adolescent sexual behavior and the importance of basing school-affiliated programs designed to reduce sexual risk-taking behavior on sound research. The authors were commissioned by the Division of Adolescent an
Public Health Rep. 1994 May-Jun;109(3):390-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248289
Peinkofer JR; AIDS Center, University of Rochester's Strong Memorial Hospital; 14642.
Large numbers of deaf and hard-of-hearing people are in danger of becoming infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The deaf are particularly vulnerable because of language barriers, their unique culture, and the paucity of community services, educational programs, and general information directed to this
Grossman RI; Gomori JM; Ramer KN; Lexa FJ; Schnall MD; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
Magnetization transfer, a new technique for improving image contrast in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, is based on application of off-resonance radio-frequency pulses and observing their effects on MR images, as well as measuring the signal intensity with and without application of the pulses (ie, magnetization tran
Rabushka LS; Kawashima A; Fishman EK; Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological; Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Splenic lesions tend to be small or infiltrating and vary in size and configuration, making detection difficult, particularly without use of an organ-specific contrast agent. The authors present a series of selected cases to show the value of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in depiction of
Brenner B; University of California at Los Angeles, School of Medicine,; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center.
BACKGROUND: Providing mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (MMR) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a proven effective lifesaving procedure. However, the perceived risk to the rescuer of contracting infectious diseases, especially acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), by performing MMR on a possibly human immu
Rev Med Interne. 1993;14(7):715-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248526
Rogeaux O; Bricaire F; Gentilini M; Departement des maladies infectieuses, parasitaires, tropicales; et de sante publique CHU Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
With the increased number of HIV infected patients, tuberculosis has become more frequent in Europe, USA and particularly in Africa. Impaired immunity, poor life conditions and high prevalence of tuberculosis in the general population facilitate the transmission of the disease. Tuberculosis is often seen early in the
Rev Med Chil. 1993 Sep;121(9):1032-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248610
Oddo D; Thompson L; Castrillon M; Sepulveda C; Zamboni R; Arriagada P; Departamento de Anatomia Patologica, P, Universidad Catolica; de Chile, Santiago de Chile.
We report a 28 year old heterosexual male with AIDS that presented with progressive motor disturbances and malaise. Light and transmission electron microscopy of a stereotaxic brain biopsy demonstrated a progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. This is a demyelinating infectious cerebral disease attributed to JC vi
Rev Med Chil. 1993 Sep;121(9):1037-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248611
Ferrer S; Baro M; Cardenas M; Cartier L; Departamento de Ciencias Neurologicas, Facultad de Medicina,; Universidad de Chile (Campus Oriente), Santiago de Chile.
We report a 47 year old woman that presented to the hospital with an intracranial hypertension syndrome, a right hemiparesis and a several months history of progressive malaise and behavioral disturbances. During the hospital stay, positive HIV antibodies were detected and CAT scan showed a profound left parietal roun
Furrer H; von Overbeck J; Medizinische Universitatspoliklinik, Inselspital, Bern.
The differential diagnosis of recently acquired cough, diarrhea, headaches, odynophagia and fever in AIDS-Patients is discussed. The aim is to find the most frequent, the treatable and the most dangerous diseases. We discuss the empirical and the symptomatic treatment in special situations.
The incidence of tuberculosis is increasing in many of the industrialized countries, mainly due to the spreading of HIV infections, the migration from countries with high prevalence of tuberculosis and possibly through the increase of the aged population. In 10 to 25% of the cases, tuberculosis manifests itself in ext
Vadillo M; Corbella X; Carratala J; Department of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge Hospital, University; of Barcelona, Spain.
Concurrent with the AIDS epidemic, an increasing incidence of tuberculosis has been noted. In HIV-infected patients with immunodeficiency, atypical forms of tuberculosis are seen. A case of disseminated tuberculosis with septic shock in an elderly patient with previously unknown HIV infection is reported.
Blomberg J; Moestrup T; Frimand J; Hansson BG; Krogsgaard K; Grillner L; Nordenfelt E; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Lund, Sweden.
693 IVDU (intravenous drug user) sera from Copenhagen, Malmo and Stockholm were tested, 247 retro- and 446 prospectively, for antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), types I and II, by means of a commercial whole-virus EIA and/or an HTLV-I/-II peptide-based EIA. Positive EIA reactions were checked and typed b
Hansen HL; Brandt L; Jensen J; Balslev U; Skarphedinsson S; Jorgensen AF; David K; Black FT; Department of Infectious Diseases, Marselisborg Hospital, Aarhus,; Denmark.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the minimal magnitude of the HIV problem among seafarers in Denmark . The material is based on case records from the 6 medical departments in Denmark that undertake treatment of HIV patients.
Elvin K; Bjorkman A; Heurlin N; Eriksson BM; Barkholt L; Linder E; Laboratory of Parasitology, Swedish Institute for Infectious; Disease Control, Stockholm.
The aim was to study the humoral response to Pneumocystis carinii and its diagnostic use in patients with P. carinii pneumonia (PCP). The antibody response was measured by indirect immunofluorescence in AIDS patients versus other immunosuppressed patients with 122 episodes of confirmed PCP. During the early acute stag
Gabrilovich D; Ivanova L; Serebrovskaya L; Shepeleva G; Pokrovsky V; Laboratory of AIDS Epidemiology and Prevention, Central Institute; of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia.
Functional activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) was tested in 63 HIV-1 infected patients. PMN chemiluminescence (CL) and intracellular enzyme activity were both depressed in patients at all stages of infection, though this depression was more pronounced in AIDS patients. We found no such depression when cel
Peters M; Schurmann D; Bergmann F; Grunewald T; Timm H; Pohle HD; Ruf B; Department of Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University Hospital, Freie; Universitat Berlin, Germany.
In the treatment of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease in patients with AIDS, a life-long suppression therapy following an induction therapy consisting of ganciclovir or foscarnet is essential. Due to drug-related toxicities, anti
Manfredi R; Vezzadini P; Fanti MP; Chiodo F; Department of Infectious Diseases, Gastroenterology, University; of Bologna, Italy.
Elevated plasma levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) (as assessed by a radio-immunoassay), were found in 7/11 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related Complex (ARC), evaluated because of prolonged intractable diarrhea with either an infectious (6 cases) or a non-infectious (5 cases) etiology. Six subjects have
Four diagnostic groups categorized as subcortical dementia were studied using a neuropsychological screening battery. The specificity of the battery in disclosing characteristic patterns of impairment in subgroups within the category, and the correspondence between natural subgroups generated by an unsupervised stat
Mentha G; Giostra E; Perrin L; Widmann JJ; Stelling MJ; Easton J; Morel P; Huber O; Le Coultre C; Buhler L; et al; Departement de chirurgie, Hopital cantonal universitaire,; Geneve.
The incidence of recurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is as high as 80% when no attempt at prevention has been considered. HBV reinfection is associated with the reappearance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV DNA in serum and, in most cases, with rapid sev
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1994 Jan 30;114(3):338-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248915
Daae C; Bjorndal A; Seksjon for helsetjenesteforskning, Avdeling for Samfunnsmedisin,; Statens Institutt for Folkehelse, Oslo.
HIV-antibody testing has been carried out as a routine among pregnant women in Norway since September 1987. Up to September 1991 (later information is incomplete) 339,823 women have been tested. 25 of these were positive. In this survey we interviewed by questionnaire 55 physicians
Buffington J; Shapiro CN; Holman RC; Strine TW; Grossman BJ; Williams AE; Alter MJ; Schonberger LB; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
BACKGROUND: In December 1991, the United States Food and Drug Administration received reports of blood donations with unconfirmed reactivity on screening tests for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, human T-lymphotropic virus type I, and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Of 91 donors w
Henrard DR; Phillips J; Windsor I; Fortenberry D; Korte L; Fang C; Williams AE; Department of Medical Research, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park,; Illinois.
BACKGROUND: Most enzyme immunoassay-reactive specimens producing indeterminate Western blot results belong to individuals who are not infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). However, a small percentage may correspond to early seroconversion or advanced disease, at which stage partial reactivity on W
Atlas SJ; Singer DE; Skates SJ; General Internal Medicine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital,; Harvard Medical School, Boston.
BACKGROUND: Concern about the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus via blood has substantially increased the public s anxiety about the safety of the blood supply and has encouraged practices to minimize risks deriving from transfusions. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To assess changes in transfusion practices in e
Frans E; Blockmans D; Peetermans W; Knockaert D; Bobbaers H; Department of Internal Medicine, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen, K.U.; Leuven, Belgium.
We present a HIV-1 seropositive patient with generalized lymphedema, due to a rare lymphangiomatous variant of Kaposi s sarcoma, successfully treated with interferon-alpha. The clinical presentation and treatment possibilities of Kaposi s sarcoma are reviewed.
Kaw YT; Brunnemer C; Department of Pathology, Wishard Memorial Hospital, Indianapolis,; Indiana 46202.
Fine needle aspiration of the thyroid was performed on a patient with an enlarged, solid gland, revealing numerous budding yeasts of Cryptococcus neoformans. Special stains and culture confirmed the organism. This unexpected finding led to the diagnosis of disseminated cryptococcosis and human immunodeficiency virus i
Alfonso F; Gallo L; Winkler B; Suhrland MJ; Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New; York 10467.
Aspiration cytology of lymph nodes allows rapid diagnosis of disseminated cryptococcosis. Three cases of lymph node cryptococcosis diagnosed by aspiration cytology in three patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are presented. The organisms were easily seen with a routine modified Wright and Papanicolaou sta
Szabo B; Locardi C; Lo Presti E; Benedetto A; Belardelli F; Department of Microbiology, University Medical School, Debrecen,; Hungary.
Sera of 40 intravenous drug addicts were tested for the presence of cytotoxic antibodies against uninfected and HIV-infected monocytic U937 cells. Twelve out of 31 seropositive samples proved to be cytotoxic for HIV-infected, untreated target cells in the presence of complement. The TNF-alpha treatment of HIV-infected
Yanagihara R; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Antoni BA; Stein SB; Rabson AB; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Robert Wood; Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of; New Jersey, Piscataway 08854.
Mathews VP; Elster AD; Barker PB; Buff BL; Haller JA; Greven CM; Department of Radiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake; Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1088.
PURPOSE: To describe the CT and MR characteristics of intraocular silicone oil (polydimethylsiloxane), which is used with increasing frequency to treat complicated retinal detachments. METHODS: CT was performed on a silicone oil/water phantom and on a patient with retinal detachments secondary to
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1994;20(1):101-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94249657
Silberstein C; Galanter M; Marmor M; Lifshutz H; Krasinski K; Franco H; Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine,; New York 10016.
The objectives of this study were to investigate HIV-1 seroprevalence and risk factors, disease progression, and awareness of HIV-1 serostatus in a population of inner city, substance using, psychiatric inpatients. To pursue these goals, we tested 118 (103 M, 15 F) dually diagnosed, acute care inpatients for HIV-1 ant
Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Jun 1;139(11):1077-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94249668
Hessol NA; Koblin BA; van Griensven GJ; Bacchetti P; Liu JY; Stevens CE; Coutinho RA; Buchbinder SP; Katz MH; AIDS Office, Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA.
The authors evaluated the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease from the date of seroconversion to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death among 362 well-documented seroconverters. The participants were homosexual men in hepatitis B vaccine trials in Amsterda
Am J Med. 1994 May;96(5):415-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94249704
Berman SM; Kim RC; Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Long Beach, California 90822.
PURPOSE: Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) requires lifelong therapy with either intravenous ganciclovir sodium or foscarnet sodium. From June 1989 through February 1992, seven patients with AIDS were
Am J Med. 1994 May;96(5):439-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94249708
Haas DW; Des Prez RM; Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical; Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
The incidence of tuberculosis has increased in recent years, at least in part as a result of the ongoing worldwide epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In addition, the occurrence of outbreaks caused by multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms has greatly heightened concern. In retros
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1994;145(1):7-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94249822
Schmitt C; Bertel J; Jacob C; CHS de Jury-les-Metz.
Data on drug abusers collected at the Pharmacodependence centre of the Moselle (IPM) from 1990 to 1992 was used to establish the prevalences of hepatitic B and C viruses (HBV, HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the clinicobiological type of the subjects infected with the HBV. Transaminase levels in HCV po
Ann Chir. 1994;48(2):188-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94249955
Salmon D; Service de Medecine Interne, Hopital Cochin, Paris.
Following contamination with HIV, the majority of patients develop AIDS after several years (65% at 12 years), although a small percentage remain asymptomatic for a long time. The clinical manifestations of HIV infection are currently classified into 4 stages: primo-infection (stage I), asymptomatic phase (stage II),
Mayers DL; Japour AJ; Arduino JM; Hammer SM; Reichman R; Wagner KF; Chung R; Lane J; Crumpacker CS; McLeod GX; et al; Military Medical Consortium for Applied Retroviral Research,; Rockville, Maryland 20850.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates resistant to zidovudine (ZDV) have previously been demonstrated to exhibit in vitro cross-resistance to other similar dideoxynucleoside agents which contain a 3 -azido group. However, cross-resistance to didanosine (ddI) or dideoxycytidine (
Yatabe Y; Mori N; Oka K; Nakazawa M; Asai J; First Department of Pathology, Nagoya University, School of; Medicine, Japan.
Primary T-cell lymphoma of the stomach is very rare. We report two cases of primary gastric T-cell lymphoma, one of which had a morphological appearance and a phenotype that were similar to those of node-based peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The other case was related to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and displaye
N Z Med J. 1993 Dec 8;106(969):511-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94239667
Lynskey MT; Fergusson DM; Christchurch Health and Development Study, Christchurch School of; Medicine, Christchurch Hospital.
AIMS. The aims of this study were to document patterns of sexual activity and contraceptive use in a sample of 952 Christchurch born children studied to the age of 15 years. METHOD. Data on sexual activity and contraceptive use was collected on the basis of self report at ages 14 and 15 years. RESULTS. By the age of 1
Lucey DR; McGuire SA; Abbadessa S; Hall K; Woolford B; Valtier S; Butzin CA; Melcher GP; Hendrix CW; Department of Medicine, Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center,; Lackland AFB, Texas.
Monocytes and brain macrophage-microglial cells are thought to play a crucial role in the neurologic dysfunction associated with HIV-1 disease. Since neopterin is produced by monocytes-macrophages, we asked whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neopterin levels increase before the onset of HIV-1 neurologic disease and whe
HIV-infected individuals and SIV-infected rhesus macaques have, on the average, decreased plasma cysteine and cystine concentrations and decreased intracellular glutathione levels. We show that the cysteine supply and the intracellular glutathione levels have a strong influence on the T cell system. A study of healthy
Richman DD; Bozzette SA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 90293-0679.
Many patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) yield syncytium-inducing (SI) virus isolates that are cytopathic in cell culture. The presence of SI virus was assessed in 325 persons entering 11 antiretroviral therapy trials and correlated with both CD4 cell declines and clinical end points. Adjusted me
Schnittman SM; Vogel S; Baseler M; Lane HC; Davey RT Jr; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) can inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) replication and is effective in treating Kaposi s sarcoma; interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) can increase circulating lymphocytes in HIV-1-infected patients. The safety of combination treatment with recom
J Med Primatol. 1993 Sep-Oct;22(7-8):390-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94223670
van Akker R; Balls M; Eichberg JW; Goodall J; Heeney JL; Osterhaus AD; Prince AM; Spruit I; Ministry of Education and Science, Zoetermeer, The Netherlands.
The present article represents a consensus view of the appropriate utilization of chimpanzees in AIDS research arrived at as a result of a meeting of a group of scientists involved in AIDS research with chimpanzees and bioethicists. The paper considers which types of studies are scientifically justifiable in this spec
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3872-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224844
Lusso P; Secchiero P; Crowley RW; Garzino-Demo A; Berneman ZN; Gallo RC; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
In this study, we demonstrate that the glycoprotein CD4, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is a critical component of the receptor for human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7), a recently discovered T-lymphotropic human herpesvirus. A selective and progressive downregulation of the surface membrane expression of CD4 was
Ferrazzi M; De Rinaldis ML; Salotti A; Cirelli A; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University La Sapienza, Rome,; Italy.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated, like allergic diseases, with altered T cell regulation. Total serum IgE levels were measured in 65 infected patients. The mean IgE level of subjects with a T lymphocytes number
Ann Intern Med. 1994 Jun 1;120(11):945-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94226434
Lane HC; Laughon BE; Falloon J; Kovacs JA; Davey RT Jr; Polis MA; Masur H; National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Secondary infections remain the leading cause of death in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Dealing with the rapidly evolving spectrum of infectious problems seen in patients with AIDS requires knowledge of current therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. Through an extensive preclinical tri
Gifford AL; McPhee SJ; Fordham D; Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholar Program, Stanford University; School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California 94304.
We randomly selected a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients from a large university-based general medicine practice to determine how often recommended disease prevention services are received. We used a standardized medical record review protocol to gather data from the records of 159 randoml
Lundgren JD; Pedersen C; Clumeck N; Gatell JM; Johnson AM; Ledergerber B; Vella S; Phillips A; Nielsen JO; University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
OBJECTIVES--To examine the pattern of survival and factors associated with the outcome of disease in patients with AIDS. DESIGN--Inception cohort. Data collected retrospectively from patients charts. SETTING--52 clinical centres in 17 European countries. SUBJECTS--6578 adults diagnosed with AIDS from 1 January 1979 t
Hortin GL; Landt M; Powderly WG; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35233.
Plasma concentrations of 21 amino acids were determined for 20 control subjects and 20 subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV). Compared with the control subjects, the HIV-infected group had lower cystine, tryptophan, and methionine (decreased 67%, 52%, and 32%, respectively, P
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1993 Dec;34(1):67-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94228976
Drake S; Swift W; Hall W; Ross M; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New; South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
Methadone maintenance clients who used benzodiazepines were compared with other methadone maintenance clients on a range of drug use and psychosocial treatment outcome measures. Despite being on higher methadone doses, benzodiazepine users were more likely to have recently injected, to have used cocaine and amphetami
Frega A; di Renzi F; Stentella P; Pachi A; II Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rome La; Sapienza, Italy.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of a combined therapy based on beta-interferon and thymostimulin in HIV-seropositive women with florid vulvoperineal condylomatosis. METHODS: Nineteen HIV-seropositive women affected by HPV florid vulvo-perineal infection were studied. Their ages ranged from 19 to 32 years (mean = 26
Grant MD; Smail FM; Rosenthal KL; Department of Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,; Canada.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals, but not HIV-seronegative controls, have non-HLA-restricted T-cell receptor alpha beta+ CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) that kill activated uninfected CD4+ lymphocytes. In vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-1-infected ind
Zucconi SL; Jacobson LP; Schrager LK; Kass NE; Lave JR; Carson CA; Morgenstern H; Arno PS; Graham NM; Health Policy Institute, Graduate School of Public Health,; University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261.
The effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) serostatus, AIDS, and level of immunosuppression on health service use were examined in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Data on self-reported hospitalizations, outpatient medical services (non-emergency room) and emergency room care during the preceding 6 m
Ferdman RM; Church JA; Childrens AIDS Center, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, CA.
The immune dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is complex and cannot be explained solely on the basis of numerical depletion of T lymphocytes. Inappropriate, uncontrolled activation of the immune system may be involved. In a test of this hypothesis, five HIV-infected children were prospectively
Virology. 1994 May 1;200(2):583-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233721
Zhang YJ; Putkonen P; Albert J; Ohman P; Biberfeld G; Fenyo EM; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate if the biological and antigenic properties of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 change over time in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) experimentally infected with HIV-2SBL6669. Sequential virus isolates and serum samples were obtained during a 2-year period
Virology. 1994 May 15;201(1):147-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94233764
Santoro TJ; Bryant JL; Pellicoro J; Klotman ME; Kopp JB; Bruggeman LA; Franks RR; Notkins AL; Klotman PE; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences; Center, Denver 80220.
The mechanisms which predispose to growth failure in infants and children infected with immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) are not fully understood. The contributions of viral replication and CD4+ T cell depletion to growth failure in an HIV-1 transgenic mouse model were investigated. Mice homozygous for the transg
Am J Hematol. 1994 Apr;45(4):304-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94234121
Ucar A; Fernandez HF; Byrnes JJ; Lian EC; Harrington WJ Jr; Department of Medicine, University of Miami, School of Medicine,; FL 33136.
Eleven of fifty serum samples collected from patients with a diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), from 1979 to 1991, tested positive for antiretroviral antibodies. Seven had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and four had human lymphotrophic virus, type I (HTLV-I) infection. All patients were trea
Ann Neurol. 1994 May;35(5):592-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94234691
Griffin DE; Wesselingh SL; McArthur JC; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
The dementia associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is poorly understood. Dementia is accompanied by infection and activation of macrophage lineage cells in the brain and production of toxic products by these cells has been postulated to play a role in the pathogenesis
A number of light-induced pathologic changes in the skin of individuals with HIV infection have been reported in the dermatologic literature. The relationship between HIV and one of these more well-defined types of photosensitivity, PCT, while still uncertain seems definable and related to an infectious origin. The re
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):61-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235375
Cameron PU; Pope M; Gezelter S; Steinman RM; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller; University, New York, New York 10021.
Interacting dendritic cells and helper CD4+ lymphocytes form a microenvironment that is permissive for HIV-1 replication. The virus need only be pulsed initially onto the dendritic cells, which then transfer HIV-1 to the lymphocytes that are responding to presented antigens or superantigens. We have pursued underlying
Garaci E; Rocchi G; Perroni L; D'Agostini C; Soscia F; Grelli S; Mastino A; Favalli C; Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences,; University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
We have investigated the effects of combination therapy with thymosin alpha 1 and natural human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha in human immunodeficiency virus infection and have shown that in vitro this combination treatment: (1) synergistically stimulated the cytotox
A decrease in the number of circulating CD4+ T-lymphocytes occurs in subjects infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In those without HIV infection, depletion of T-lymphocytes in general and CD4+ cells in particular has been reported in association with many underlying conditions, including tuberculosis
Cabezas T; Quiros E; Garcia F; Hernandez-Quero J; Bernal MC; Martinez MA; de la Higuera J; Piedrola G; Maroto MC; Microbiology Service, University of Granada Hospital, Spain.
p24 antigen (p24 Ag) is usually not found in patients in the asymptomatic phase of HIV infection, mainly because it is bound to anti-p24 antibodies (p24 Ab), with which it forms immune complexes. Nine asymptomatic patients positive for HIV-1 antibodies (stage II CDC criteria) treated with r alpha-interferon were follo
Moss RB; Ferre F; Trauger R; Jensen F; Daigle A; Richieri SP; Carlo DJ; Immunization Products Limited, a joint venture of Rhone-Poulenc; Rorer Incorporated, Collegeville, Pennsylvania.
The pursuit of valid markers of disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is especially relevant considering the potential treatment alternatives that presently are under evaluation. Because HIV-1 infection results in a virally induced immune suppression characterized by the loss of
Lancet. 1994 May 7;343(8906):1137-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94239033
von Reyn CF; Maslow JN; Barber TW; Falkinham JO 3rd; Arbeit RD; Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center,; Lebanon, NH 03756.
The source of Mycobacterium avium infection in AIDS has not been identified and it is not known whether most patients with AIDS acquire the organism from recent infection or by reactivation of previous infection. As part of a prospective epidemiological study, we isolated multiple colonies of M avium from patients wit
Lancet. 1994 May 28;343(8909):1326-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94239127
Katamine S; Moriuchi R; Yamamoto T; Terada K; Eguchi K; Tsuji Y; Yamabe T; Miyamoto T; Hino S; Department of Bacteriology, Nagasaki University School of; Medicine, Japan.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in cord blood raises the possibility of intrauterine transmission as an alternative pathway to transmission via breast milk. However, none of 7 children with HTLV-I proviral DNA positive cord blood had seroconverted by 24-48 months. Contamination of cord blood by maternal blo
Celum CL; Coombs RW; Jones M; Murphy V; Fisher L; Grant C; Corey L; Inui T; Wener MH; Holmes KK; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
OBJECTIVE: Causes of indeterminate results of Western blot testing (IWB) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 include seroconversion, HIV-2 cross-reactivity, and autoimmune disease, but most IWB results remain unexplained. This case-control study assessed risk factors for IWB results, including early HIV infe
Ostrow DG; Beltran ED; Joseph JG; DiFranceisco W; Wesch J; Chmiel JS; University of Michigan.
Since initial reports emerged of an association between recreational drug use and high-risk sexual behaviors in gay men, there has been interest in studying this relationship for its relevance to behavioral interventions. Reported here are the longitudinal patterns of alcohol and recreational drug use in the Chicago M
Cancer Invest. 1994;12(3):289-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94243723
Dosik H; Goldstein MF; Poiesz BJ; Williams L; Fahnrich B; Ehrlich GD; Dunn I; Levine PH; Department of Medicine, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, New; York.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) has been causally linked to adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. Few seroprevalence studies have been carried out in the United States . Because of the number of reports of adult T-cell
Higashiyama Y; Katamine S; Kohno S; Mukae H; Hino S; Miyamoto T; Hara K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University; School of Medicine, Japan.
Accumulating evidence has suggested the involvement of HTLV-1 in the inflammatory lesions of various organs, including the lung. However, the causal relationship between HTLV-1 and inflammatory responses in the organs remains to be elucidated. In order to evaluate the expression of HTLV-1 and its effects in the lung,
van der Feltz M; Nottet HS; Visser MR; Borleffs JC; Verhoef J; Eijkmann-Winkler Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Department; of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Utrecht, The; Netherlands.
A nested PCR method for quantification of HIV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) which does not use radioactivity nor plasmids is described. Quantification was achieved by means of limiting dilutions and an ACH2 cell standard. The method was used to study 23 HIV-infected patients. A significant correla
Malinowski A; Szpakowski M; Tchorzewski H; Zeman K; Pawlowicz P; Wozniak P; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Military School of; Medicine, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Lodz.
The purpose of this study was to assess whether any changes occur in the cellular immunity in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancy. T lymphocyte subpopulations and the lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens (PHA, Con A, PWM) in the fetal calf serum were examined in normal pregnant and pre-eclamptic primiparas in
Da-Cruz AM; Conceicao-Silva F; Bertho AL; Coutinho SG; Department of Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute-FIOCRUZ, Rio; de Janeiro, Brazil.
Fourteen patients suffering from American cutaneous leishmaniasis were studied. Assays of the lymphocyte proliferative response induced in vitro by Leishmania braziliensis antigens were performed. After 5 days in culture, L. braziliensis-stimulated blast T cells were harvested for CD4+ and CD8+ phenotype analysis. Whe
J Immunol. 1994 Jun 1;152(11):5548-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94246199
Koch S; Muralidhar G; Swain SL; Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093.
Infection of C57BL/6 mice with the LP-BM5 mixture of retroviruses causes a severe murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS). After infection, the entire CD4 T cell population shifts to a memory/activated phenotype and the CD4 cells become anergic to further stimulation. This drastic shift in phenotype could re
Tomar RH; University of Wisconsin Center for Health Sciences, Madison.
AIDS typically consists of three phases: (1) an acute, infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome followed by (2) a prolonged asymptomatic stage ending in (3) the appearance of frank AIDS. The asymptomatic phase may last for years and its presence suggests a persistent conflagration between the virus and the host s immune
Parolin C; Dorfman T; Palu G; Gottlinger H; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be used to generate recombinant viral vectors for delivery of heterologous genes to human CD4-positive lymphocytes. To define the cis-acting sequences required for efficient gene transfer, a number of HIV-1 vectors containing a previously identified packaging signal, lon
N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 16;330(24):1703-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94247456
Small PM; Hopewell PC; Singh SP; Paz A; Parsonnet J; Ruston DC; Schecter GF; Daley CL; Schoolnik GK; Department of Medicine, Stanford Medical School, Calif. 94305.
BACKGROUND. The epidemiology of tuberculosis in urban populations is changing. Combining conventional epidemiologic techniques with DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can improve the understanding of how tuberculosis is transmitted. METHODS. We used restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) analysi
Fernandez F; Levy JK; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College; of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
The psychiatric complications of HIV spectrum disorders are common and diverse in nature. HIV itself undermines the individual s psychological functioning by attacking the CNS and further compromises the patient s psychosocial and coping capacity. Psychopharmacologic strategies are vastly underutilized in the manageme
Thromb Res. 1994 Feb 15;73(3-4):165-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94248890
Sorice M; Griggi T; Arcieri P; Circella A; d'Agostino F; Ranieri M; Modrzewska R; Lenti L; Mariani G; Dip. Medicina Sperimentale, Universita La Sapienza, Roma, Italy.
It has recently been reported that a large proportion of patients with HIV infection have low free protein S levels. In this study we show that protein S (PS) activity levels, as well as PS antigen (Ag), were significantly lower in 35 HIV-1 infected patients than in the control population (p
Kahn JO; Gorelick KJ; Gatti G; Arri CJ; Lifson JD; Gambertoglio JG; Bostrom A; Williams R; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; 94110.
GLQ223 is a highly purified single-chain ribosome-inactivating protein with selective effects against a variety of cells, including macrophages infected with human immunodeficiency virus. We evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunologic effects of multiple doses of GLQ223 in 22 patients with AIDS or AIDS-rel
N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 16;330(24):1710-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94247457
Alland D; Kalkut GE; Moss AR; McAdam RA; Hahn JA; Bosworth W; Drucker E; Bloom BR; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, North Central; Bronx Hospital, N.Y. 10467.
BACKGROUND. The incidence of tuberculosis and drug resistance is increasing in the United States , but it is not clear how much of the increase is due to reactivation of latent infection and how much to recent transmission. METHODS. We performed DNA fingerprinting using restriction-frag
Miro JM; Buira E; Mallolas J; Gallart T; Moreno A; Zamora L; Vilella R; Gatell JM; Soriano E; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clinic i; Provincial, Universidad de Barcelona.
BACKGROUND: The CD4+ lymphocytes are the principal target cell for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Their depletion originates a very severe cell immunosuppression, which conditions the appearance of opportunistic infections and neoplasms characteristic of AIDS. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the
Sherlock DS; Department of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine,; University of London, United Kingdom.
Formerly the diagnosis of acute and chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis was made by the exclusion of other causes. However, in 1989 cloning of an antigenic component of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) was reported. This led to first- and second-generation tests for antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) in serum. HCV has been associated w
FEBS Lett. 1994 Apr 25;343(2):125-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94222184
Sharma SK; Fan N; Evans DB; Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI 49002.
A recombinant p66 form of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) can be obtained [(1991) Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 14, 69-81] from crude Escherichia coli extracts by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). We have analyzed the p66 HIV-1 RT, isolated in the presence of 0.3 M i
Goodless DR; Viciana AL; Pardo RJ; Ruiz P; Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of; Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101.
We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of a skin lesion from a patient with AIDS who had borderline tuberculoid Hansen s disease. We also evaluated other laboratory features and performed peripheral blood flow cytometric analysis. The in situ immunologic response to Mycobacterium leprae was minimally affected by
Kotani T; Aratake Y; Kondo S; Tamura K; Ohtaki S; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Miyazaki Medical College,; Kiyotake, Japan.
The expression of Fas antigen was analyzed in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 12 patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) by flow cytometry. The induction of apoptosis in these cells by adding an anti-Fas antibody and the expression of activated T-cell surface antigens, CD25 and CD26, were also studied. It
Gori S; Scasso A; Divisione Malattie Infettive del Presidio Ospedaliero di Pisa.
We report a case of a HIV+ patient treated with prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine. The patient showed evidence of tensive right pneumothorax and slight pleural effusion. The pleural fluid was aspired from the drainage and processed in our laboratory. The cytologic examination of aspired fluid revealed abundant Pneu
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3619-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94224792
Staal FJ; Anderson MT; Staal GE; Herzenberg LA; Gitler C; Herzenberg LA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine,; CA 94305.
Studies presented here show that altering the intracellular redox balance by decreasing glutathione levels profoundly affects early signal transduction events in human T cells. In a T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling model, short-term pretreatment with buthionine sulfoximine, which specifically decreases intracellular gl
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 26;91(9):3911-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PDB/2HVT
Smerdon SJ; Jager J; Wang J; Kohlstaedt LA; Chirino AJ; Friedman JM; Rice PA; Steitz TA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Howard; Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511.
The dipyridodiazepinone Nevirapine is a potent and highly specific inhibitor of the reverse transcriptase (RT) from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). It is a member of an important class of nonnucleoside drugs that appear to share part or all of the same binding site on the enzyme but are susceptible to a v
Based on presently available information on the structure of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase, peptides have been synthesized which correspond to the sequence of a particular region of the protein involved in formation of the active heterodimeric form of the enzyme. Several peptides th
J Immunol. 1994 May 15;152(10):5142-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94230996
Sato AI; Balamuth FB; Ugen KE; Williams WV; Weiner DB; Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; 19104.
A major cytopathic effect seen upon in vitro infection of CD4+ human T cells by the HIV is cell-to-cell fusion that results in giant cell (or syncytium) formation. Membrane fusion is required for infection by cellfree virions and in syncytium formation. We report here that the human T cell surface molecule, CD7, is im
Wang JN; Hou CY; Liu YL; Lin LZ; Gil RR; Cordell GA; Department of Phytochemistry, Institute of Medicinal Plant; Development, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
The first flavone-xanthone C-glucoside, swertifrancheside, was isolated from Swertia franchetiana, and its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis as 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-7-(5 ,7 ,3 ,4 - tetrahydroxy-6 -C-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-4 -oxy-8 -flavyl)-xanthon- e . This compound was a moderatel
Back NK; Smit L; Hogervorst E; van Wijk AC; Goudsmit J; Tersmette M; Department of Virology, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical; Center, The Netherlands.
We developed a transfection-neutralization assay for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectious molecular clones. In this assay CD4 negative adherent cells, transfected in microtiter plates with fixed amounts of proviral DNA of molecular HIV-1 clones, are cocultivated with CD4 positive T cell lines or prim
Oligonucleotide compounds composed of only deoxyguanosine and deoxythymidine were able to significantly inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type -1 (HIV-1)-induced syncytium formation and virus production (as measured by p24 core antigen expression) in an acute infection assay system. The oligonucleotides did not sha
Mann DL; Hamlin-Green G; Willoughby A; Landesman SH; Goedert JJ; Immunogenetics Section, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and; Development Center, Maryland 21702-1201.
A flow cytometry-based assay for detection of immunoglobulin (Ig) class and subclass antibodies in human serum or plasma was developed. With use of this procedure, the presence and relative frequency of antibody activity in the Ig classes and subclasses (IgA1, IgA2, IgD, IgE, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, and IgM) to human
S-2720 and other members of the quinoline/quinoxaline class of HIV-1-specific nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) select for a glycine to glutamate substitution at residue 190 (Gly 190 Glu) of the reverse transcriptase (RT), when drug-resistant viruses are generated in cell culture. This mutation h
Yamaguchi T; Iwanami N; Shudo K; Saneyoshi M; Department of Biological Sciences, Nishi-Tokyo University,; Yamanashi, Japan.
Inhibitory effects of 2 -deoxy-L-thymidine 5 -triphosphate (L-dTTP), the enantiomer of the natural substrate D-dTTP, on the activity of mammalian DNA polymerases alpha, beta and gamma, Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase were examined. When poly(rA)n-oligo
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):103-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235366
Gessain A; Koralnik IJ; Fullen J; Boeri E; Mora C; Blank A; Salazar-Grueso EF; Kaplan J; Saxinger WC; Davidson M; et al; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):107-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235367
Schleif WA; Murthy KK; Sardana VV; Schneider CL; Byrnes VW; Cobb KE; Roth E; Wolfgang JA; Hoffman JM; Smith AM; et al; Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):13-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94235368
Eaton AM; Ugen KE; Weiner DB; Wildes T; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
B lymphocytes from tonsillar tissue of an asymptomatic HIV-1-seropositive subject were transformed with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and tested for the production of HIV-1-specific antibodies by ELISA, using purified HIV-1SF2.2F11, a monoclonal antibody derived from a transformed line, is of the IgG1 subclass and recogniz
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jan;10(1):39-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/Z27232
Vandamme AM; Debyser Z; Pauwels R; De Vreese K; Goubau P; Youle M; Gazzard B; Stoffels PA; Cauwenbergh GF; Anne J; et al; Rega Institute for Medical Research, K. U. Leuven, Belgium.
The drug sensitivities of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from a group of four untreated and seven TIBO R82913-treated patients were determined in a reverse transcriptase (RT) assay. Five of the treated patients harbored HIV-1 isolates with R82913 sensitivity comparable to that of the isolates of
FASEB J. 1994 May;8(8):497-503. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94237392
Tarrago-Litvak L; Andreola ML; Nevinsky GA; Sarih-Cottin L; Litvak S; Laboratoire de Replication et Expression des Genomes Eucaryotes; et Retroviraux, Institut Biochimie Cellulaire, CNRS, Bordeaux,; France.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the etiologic agent of AIDS. Replication of this virus requires the activity of a retrovirus encoded RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, or reverse transcriptase (RT). HIV-1 RT is required for the synthesis of the double-stranded proviral DNA from the single-stranded retrov
Arts EJ; Li X; Gu Z; Kleiman L; Parniak MA; Wainberg MA; McGill AIDS Center, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital,; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We developed an endogenous in vitro reverse transcription assay to study the properties of priming and template switching during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication. Reactions were primed with HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) and either a deoxyoligonucleotide primer (dPR) or tRNA(Lys-3), the natural primer fo
Cutting WA; Department of Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, UK.
HIV-1 infection may be transmitted by breast-feeding. The risk of vertical transmission varies with the stage of maternal infection, but is 29 per cent if a mother acquires infection during lactation. The risk of infant death by not breast-feeding in a poor and contaminated environment is greater than the risk of HIV-
Mani JC; Marchi V; Cucurou C; CNRS UMR 9921, Faculte de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France.
We studied two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs 9-11 and 41-1) which are specific for dominant and conserved epitopes located on HIV-1 transmembrane Gp41. These MAbs recognize both Gp41 and a synthetic HIV-1 envelope peptide (39GC) which is a fragment of Gp41. The interactions between MAbs 9-11 and 41-1 and 39GC either cou
Zwart G; van der Hoek L; Valk M; Cornelissen MT; Baan E; Dekker J; Koot M; Kuiken CL; Goudsmit J; Department of Virology, Academic Medical Center, University of; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
We studied the relationship between the rate of disease progression after HIV-1 seroconversion and the level of IgG antibody response to HIV-1 envelope and core epitopes. This was done by comparing a group of fast-progressing individuals and a group of slow-progressing individuals for serum IgG titers to peptides from
Morris JA Jr; Wilcox TR; Reed GW; Hunter EB; Wallas CH; Steane EA; Shotts SD; Vitsky JL; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,; Nashville, Tennessee.
OBJECTIVE: To define a risk profile for post-transfusion hepatitis C in patients receiving massive transfusion. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Hepatitis C accounts for more than 90% of post-transfusion hepatitis. METHODS: Two-hundred twenty-one of 8,765 consecutive trauma admissions to a Level I trauma center received more
Robert-Guroff M; Louie A; Myagkikh M; Michaels F; Kieny MP; White-Scharf ME; Potts B; Grogg D; Reitz MS Jr; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Neutralization of a chimeric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1, containing the V3 loop of the MN isolate substituted within the HXB2 envelope, was enhanced up to 20-fold compared with the HXB2 or MN parental isolates by human HIV-positive sera. MN V3 loop-specific monoclonal antibodies were better able to reco
Laal S; Burda S; Gorny MK; Karwowska S; Buchbinder A; Zolla-Pazner S; Veterans Administration Medical Center, New York, New York 10010.
The ability of antibodies to the V3 region and the CD4-binding domain (CD4bd) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to act in synergy to neutralize HIV has been demonstrated previously. However, synergy between antibodies to other HIV-1 epitopes has not been studied. We have used 21 combinations of human mono
Previously we identified the highly conserved amino acids Glu-Leu-Asp-Lys-Trp-Ala (ELDKWA) on the ecto-domain of gp41 as the epitope of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (2F5) directed against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. In the present study, the sequence defining the epitope was introduced into the loop of
Neurosci Lett. 1994 Jan 17;166(1):31-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94247734
Dighiero P; Reux I; Hauw JJ; Fillet AM; Courtois Y; Goureau O; Unite de Recherches Gerontologiques, INSERM U118, Association; Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
The inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase has been detected in cytomegalovirus ( CMV )-infected retinas from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients by immunohistochemistry and NADPH-diaphorase staining. Subsequ
Olsen DB; Carroll SS; Culberson JC; Shafer JA; Kuo LC; Department of Biological Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories,; Merck & Co., West Point, PA 19486.
The importance of RNA secondary structure on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase catalyzed polymerization and on the potency of the pyridin-2-one inhibitor 3-(4,7-dichlorobenzoxazol-2-ylmethylamino)-5-ethyl-6-meth ylpyridin-2(1H)-one, L-697,661, were investigated by employing heteromeric primer-template systems. Our data reve
Garcia-Bengoechea M; Cortes A; Lopez P; Vega JL; Emparanza JI; Sarriugarte A; Santos E; Arenas JI; Service of Gastroenterology, Hospital Nuestra Senora de; Aranzazu, San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
We assessed the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) among 401 household contacts of 161 persons with chronic hepatitis C (index patients). None of the index patients had antibodies against HIV. The overall prevalence of anti-HCV was 3.2% (2.5% in the absence of previous parenteral exposure). Sexua
Rhinosporidiosis is a mycotic infection caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The fungus occurs in tissues as spherules measuring 0.25-3 mm. The spherules contain endospores. Diagnosis is usually made histologically on biopsy specimens from polypoid lesions on the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bron
Am J Hematol. 1994 Jul;46(3):179-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94249675
Nakase K; Kita K; Nasu K; Ueda T; Tanaka I; Shirakawa S; Tsudo M; Department of Internal Medicine, Yamada Red Cross Hospital,; Misono, Japan.
We investigated the expression of interleukin-2 receptors (IL-2R) in 60 adult patients with mature lymphoid neoplasms by flow cytometric analysis, using two monoclonal antibodies, anti-Tac for IL-2R alpha-chain (IL-2R alpha) and Mik-beta 1 for IL-2R beta-chain (IL-2R beta). Among B-cell malignancies, IL-2R alpha was f
Schinazi RF; Lloyd RM Jr; Ramanathan CS; Taylor EW; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Decatur, Georgia 30033.
A statistically significant correlation exists between the locations of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) observed for various reverse transcriptase inhibitors and features of the secondary structure predicted for the RNA coding for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. The known DRMs map onto unst
Gu Z; Gao Q; Fang H; Salomon H; Parniak MA; Goldberg E; Cameron J; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec,; Canada.
The technique of in vitro selection was used to generate variants of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 that are resistant to 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine ( ddC ). Most of the pol regions of such viruses, including the complete reverse transcriptase open
Zhang D; Caliendo AM; Eron JJ; DeVore KM; Kaplan JC; Hirsch MS; D'Aquila RT; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
A human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variant resistant to zalcitabine (2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine [ ddC ]) was selected by sequential passage in the presence of increasing concentrations of ddC in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures. A mutation causi
Bisheteroarylpiperazine compounds are nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). To provide a rationale for combination therapy with a second-generation bisheteroarylpiperazine, we investigated the effect of U-90152 i
Connell EV; Hsu MC; Richman DD; Department of Virology, Hoffmann-LaRoche Inc., Nutley, New Jersey; 07110.
Combinations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Tat protein antagonist Ro 24-7429 with either the HIV protease inhibitor Ro 31-8959 or the HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors AZT (3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine),
North TW; Hansen GL; Zhu Y; Griffin JA; Shih CK; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula; 59812.
Reverse transcriptase from feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. We have purified this recombinant enzyme and shown that it is a 66-kDa protein that is indistinguishable from virion-derived FIV reverse transcriptase in sensitivity to the 5 -triphosphates of 3 -azido-3 -
Rojas JM; Dopazo J; Najera I; Sanchez-Palomino S; Olivares I; Martin MJ; Bernal A; Garcia Saiz A; Najera R; Lopez-Galindez C; Centro de Biologia Celular y Retrovirus, Instituto de Salud; Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Thirteen HIV-1 isolates from patients of different risk groups in Madrid ( Spain ) have been analyzed at the genetic level. Two distinct lineages of subtype B have been detected among the HIV-1 circulating in this area: one was related to SF-2/RF strains, whereas the other consists of
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