Lipid composition and fluidity of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope and host cell plasma membranes.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1993. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Lipid composition and fluidity of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope and host cell plasma membranes.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jun 1;90(11):5181-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93281721
Aloia RC; Tian H; Jensen FC; Anesthesia Service, J. L. Pettis Veterans Administration; Hospital, Loma Linda, CA 92357.

Abstract: Previous studies have indicated that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is enclosed with a lipid envelope similar in composition to cell plasma membranes and to other viruses. Further, the fluidity, as measured by spin resonance spectroscopy, is low and the viral envelope is among the most highly ordered membranes analyzed. However, the relationship between viral envelope lipids and those of the host cell is not known. Here we demonstrate that the phospholipids within the envelopes of HIV-1RF and HIV-2-L are similar to each other but significantly different from their respective host cell surface membranes. Further, we demonstrate that the cholesterol-to-phospholipid molar ratio of the viral envelope is approximately 2.5 times that of the host cell surface membranes. Consistent with the elevated cholesterol-to-phospholipid molar ratio, the viral envelopes of HIV-1RF and HIV-2-L were shown to be 7.5% and 10.5% more ordered than the plasma membranes of their respective host cells. These data demonstrate that HIV-1 and HIV-2-L select specific lipid domains within the surface membrane of their host cells through which to emerge during viral maturation.

Keywords: Animal Cell Line Cell Membrane/CHEMISTRY/*METABOLISM *Cell Transformation, Viral Cholesterol/ANALYSIS/METABOLISM Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy Female Human HIV/GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF/*METABOLISM HIV-1/GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF/*METABOLISM HIV-2/GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF/METABOLISM Lipids/ISOLATION & PURIF/*METABOLISM Male *Membrane Fluidity Membrane Lipids/*ANALYSIS Phospholipids/ANALYSIS/METABOLISM Primates Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. SIV/ISOLATION & PURIF/METABOLISM JOURNAL ARTICLE
930930
M9390256

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