Marshfield, WI : Marshfield Regional Video Network, [1991] 1 videocassette (48 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9301121A
Lyerly HK
(Producer) This program on surgical aspects of HIV infection is based on work done in the surgical virology laboratory at Duke University. Detailed background information on HIV and AIDS is included. How present HIV/AIDS drugs work is also discussed.
Washington, DC : Special Initiative on AIDS, American Public Health Association, c1989 14 p (APHA/SIA report ; 4) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9314113
Pacific Manila, Philippines : Printed and distributed by the Regional Office for the Western Pacific of the World Health Organization, [1989] 45 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9314228
Frankfurt am Main ; New York : Peter Lang, c1992 iv, 225 p. : ill (Europaische Hochschulschriften. Reihe 5, Volks- und Betriebswirtschaft, ISSN 0531-7339 ; Bd. 1281) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9314008
Washington, DC : Health Studies Branch, Center for International Research, U.S. Bureau of the Census, [1992] 1 v. (unpaged) : ill (Research notes ; no. 8) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9314597
New York : Free Press ; Toronto : Maxwell Macmillan Canada ; New York : Maxwell Macmillan International, c1993 xvii, 512 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9314234
Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, 1993 xxv, 326 p. : ill (International series in experimental social psychology) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9314593
Nigam VN; Madarnas P; Naik R; Turgeon R; Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Univ. of Sherbrooke,; Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
Spread of HIV infection worldwide and increased survival of AIDS patients forebodes emergence of AIDS-associated cancers of epidemic proportions. The cancers comprise Kaposi s sarcoma, non-Hodgkin s B-cell lymphoma and genital-anorectal carcinomas. Etiologic agents remain unknown except that immunosuppressed state is
Madarnas P; Nigam VN; Naik R; Turgeon R; Dube M; Benrezzak O; Dept. of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de; Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
KS is a progressive vascular condition presenting itself as an indolent cutaneous lesion in its classical form and with an aggressive visceral and cutaneous pathology in AIDS patients. KS occurs in epidemic proportions in HIV+ homo- and bisexual men in North America and Europe. The classical form is endemic and a majo
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A986 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93691957
Rao CV; Desai D; Simi B; Kulkarni N; Amin S; Reddy BS; American Health Foundation, Valhalla, NY 10595
Caffeic acid (CA) esters present in the propolis of honey bee hives are potent inhibitors of human colon tumor cell growth. We investigated the inhibitory effect CA esters, namely methyl caffeate (MC), phenylethyl caffeate (PEC), phenylethyl-3-methyl caffeate (PE-3-MC) and phenylethyldimethyl caffeate (PEDMC) on azoxy
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A1082 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93692055
Mufti SI; Odeleye OE; Nachiappan V; Dept. of Pharmacology, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
Patients with immunodeficiency diseases including HIV infected persons exhibit a predominance of B lymphocyte proliferation. Excessive alcohol consumption by such individuals may serve to enhance the disorder. In our studies, we used C57BL/6 mice and infected them with 0.1 ml of LP-BM5 murine leukemia retrovirus inocu
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A2368 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93693320
Bigelow J; Mathews L; McCormack J; Dept. of Pharmacology, Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
Quinobene (QB; NSC 638352 ) is a sulfonated stilbene derivative that also contains aromatic azo and hydroxyquinoline substituents. QB has anti-HIV activity in vitro in the micromolar range. We have developed an assay for QB that is suitable for use with biological fluids. Samples are prepared for analysis by treatment
Quinobene (QB; NSC 638352) is a synthetic potential anti-HIV drug with a complex structure that includes stilbene, aromatic azo, sulfonate and hydroxyquinoline functionalities. QB was administered iv to beagle dogs at doses ranging from 0.5 to 15 mg/kg and po at 50 and 100 mg/kg. Analysis of QB in plasma samples was a
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A647 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93695046
Rosenblatt E; Chadha M; Malamud S; Pisch J; Berson A; Vikram B; Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Medical Center, New; York, NY 10003
The experience of CMT for SCC of the anus in patients (pts) at risk for HIV infection is limited. This study analyzes the response and morbidity of CMT in risk groups, including homosexual males and iv drug users. Among the 10 pts studied, 7 were HIV-positive and HIV status was unknown in 3. One pt had Stage I, 4 had
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A683 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93695082
Smith D; Shah K; Rao AR; Frost D; Kagan AR; Pedadda AV; No affiliation given
The medical records of 42 patients (pts) with a diagnosis of anal cancer treated under a standardized chemo-radiation protocol were reviewed. Chemotherapy consisted of 5-FU and mitomycin C. Radiation, concurrent with the chemotherapy for the first 4 days, consisted of 30 Gy in 15 fractions. 27 females and 15 males wer
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major cause of disease with over 200 million chronically infected people worldwide. Molecular biology has become a powerful tool in characterizing biochemical structure and functional mechanism of different components of the virus, in studying pathogenic mechanisms of HBV and in
Chung Hua Min Kuo Wei Sheng Wu Chi Mien I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1991 Nov;24(4):339-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93314407
Chow MP; Lin CK; Lin JS; Chau WK; Ho CH; Chen SY; Lee SH; Yung CH; Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan,; Republic of China.
Eleven cases of severe type hemophiliacs who had received long-term factor VIII injections were tested for the serological markers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV). The period of factor VIII concentrate injections ranged from 2 to 32 years. The seropositive rates of
Turk J Pediatr. 1992 Oct-Dec;34(4):203-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93310983
Ersoy F; Tezcan I; Sanal O; Immunology Unit, Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health,; Ankara.
We evaluated nine patients with humoral immunodeficiency (6 immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM, 2 X-linked agammaglobulinemia, 1 common variable immunodeficiency) who were being treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG). After the use of the IVIG regimen in a dose of 250-300 mg/kg/4 weeks for one year, the severity
Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih. 1992 Dec;31(12):748-51, 779. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93321514
Hou XM; Xin H; Zhao HW; Respiratory Disease Research Institute, China Medical University,; Shenyang.
The use of unlabeled antibody bridging technique with alkaline phosphatase monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) complexes makes it possible to solve the problem of short durability of immunofluorescent staining and the problem of nonspecific endogenous enzyme interference of blood cells with immunoperoxidase m
Kanai K; Kurata T; Akksilp S; Auwanit W; Chaowagul V; Naigowit P; Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health,; Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
A preliminary survey was conducted for the prevalence of HIV infections in pulmonary tuberculosis and melioidosis patients in Ubon Ratchathani province, in Thailand , the second largest province in population which supplies labors to Bangkok metropolis. In this province, tuberculo
Hacbarth ET; Freire CA; Atra E; Dep. de Med. da Esc. Paul. de Med., Sao Paulo.
120 AIDS patients (mean age 33 +/- 9 years, 108 males) were evaluated regarding rheumatic manifestations. According to CDC s classification, 18.3% belonged to group II, 28.3% to group III, and 53.4% to group IV. Arthralgia was present in 33 patients (27.5%), and in only 8 could be associated with infections other than
Geppert EF; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Hospitals and; Clinics, IL 60637.
Recurrent pneumonia is defined as two or (usually) more separate episodes of lower respiratory tract infection that generally are accompanied by fever, leucocytosis, and purulent sputum production. These episodes are separated by an asymptomatic interval of at least 1 month or clearing of the chest visible by radiogra
Reviews the data on a high risk of viral and bacterial infection of dentists in connection with the high prevalence of AIDS and viral hepatitis B and on the possibility of infection of dental patients and the staff by microorganisms transfer on the impressions. Presents the present-day methods and means for disinfecti
Leite NC; Nogueira CM; Coelho HS; Perez R; Martins SJ; Soares JA; Junqueira PC; Servico de Clinica, Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga; Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
We have studied 933 volunteer blood donors from May to July, 1990. After a interview and screening tests for syphilis, Chagas disease, malaria and HIV, they underwent an enzyme immunoassay for HBsAg, anti HBc and anti HCV antibodies. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) serum levels were determined by auto analyser. Most bl
Diaz-Llopis M; Martos MJ; Espana E; Cervera M; Vila AO; Navea A; Molina FJ; Romero FJ; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry,; University of Valencia, Spain.
Treatment of retinitis by cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) in AIDS patients requires frequent repetitive injections of intravitreal ganciclovir (GCV). This study was undertaken to establish experimentally whether the intravitreal applic
Mathiesen T; Collins VP; Ohlsson E; Sundqvist VA; Wahren B; Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Productive infections with cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were established in the Tp41ON cell line derived from a human esthesioneuroblastoma. HIV antigen expression was highest in cultures coinf
Janossy G; Borthwick N; Lomnitzer R; Medina E; Squire SB; Phillips AN; Lipman M; Johnson MA; Lee C; Bofill M; Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Free Hospital and School; of Medicine, London, UK.
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: The proliferative defects of CD4 and CD8 cells taken from 474 HIV-1-seropositive individuals during various stages of disease were quantitated. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and soluble anti-CD3 were used in optimal mitogenic concentrations in the presence of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and co
Posnett DN; Kabak S; Hodtsev AS; Goldberg EA; Asch A; Division of Allergy-Immunology, Cornell University Medical; College, New York, New York 10021.
OBJECTIVE: Evidence for an HIV-1-associated superantigen (SAg) has been presented. Here we test whether targeted T cells are preferentially depleted in AIDS. DESIGN: The T cell antigen receptor (TCR) V beta repertoire was compared in 44 HIV+ hemophiliac patients and in 27 controls. METHODS: Eleven TCR V gene-specific
Hodara VL; Jeddi-Tehrani M; Grunewald J; Andersson R; Scarlatti G; Esin S; Holmberg V; Libonatti O; Wigzell H; Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
OBJECTIVE: To analyse variation in T-cell receptor (TCR) V beta gene expression in T cells in HIV-infected individuals. DESIGN: Because there are very few monoclonal antibodies available for studying TCR V beta gene expression, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to analyse the TCR V beta repertoire in HIV-infecte
Healey DS; Bolton WV; National HIV Reference Laboratory, Fairfield Hospital, Victoria,; Australia.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate samples with false-positive reactivity to HIV-1 glycoproteins on Western blot (WB). DESIGN: Samples from 13 blood donors with glycoprotein reactivity were examined for serological evidence of HIV infection and followed-up where possible. METHODS: Samples were tested for anti-HIV-1, HIV-1 p
Portegies P; Enting RH; de Gans J; Algra PR; Derix MM; Lange JM; Goudsmit J; Department of Neurology, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical presentation and course of the AIDS dementia complex (ADC). DESIGN: Retrospective study of a consecutive series of symptomatic HIV-1-infected patients [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stages IVA, B, C and D] evaluated for neurologi
Worth JL; Savage CR; Baer L; Esty EK; Navia BA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; 02114.
OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of reaction time (RT) measures as a screening test for AIDS dementia complex (ADC). DESIGN AND METHODS: Forty-two patients with mild-to-moderate ADC and 33 healthy HIV-1-seronegative control subjects took a computer-administered battery of four RT me
Tozzi V; Narciso P; Galgani S; Sette P; Balestra P; Gerace C; Pau FM; Pigorini F; Volpini V; Camporiondo MP; et al; Ospedale L. Spallanzani for Infectious Diseases, Rome, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: Zidovudine (ZDV) is an inhibitor of HIV replication that may have a beneficial effect on patients with AIDS dementia complex (ADC). However, little is known about the association between long-term ZDV treatment and severity of ADC, ZDV dose or clinical and laboratory res
Holmberg SD; Conley LJ; Buchbinder SP; Judson FN; Bush TJ; Katz MH; Penley KA; Hershow RC; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the use of AIDS drugs and therapies by populations with relatively good access to health care. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study, with interview and examination twice a year since 1988. SETTING: Two public-health departments (San Francisco Department of Health and Denver Disease Control Service)
Nieman RB; Fleming J; Coker RJ; Harris JR; Mitchell DM; Department of Respiratory Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London,; UK.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether HIV-1-seropositive cigarette smokers progress more rapidly to AIDS than HIV-1-seropositive non-smokers. SETTING: The genitourinary medicine outpatient department of St Mary s Hospital, London, which is a London University teaching hospital (tertiary care centre). SUBJECTS AND DESIGN: Ca
Watkins KE; Metzger D; Woody G; McLellan AT; University of Pennsylvania/Veterans Administration Medical; Center, Philadelphia.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with condom use among a cohort of sexually active intravenous drug users (IVDU). DESIGN: Data were collected via personal interview at the fourth-month assessment point of a longitudinal study monitoring HIV infection and risk behaviors among IVDU. SETTING: A community-base
Maggwa BN; Hunter DJ; Mbugua S; Tukei P; Mati JK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nairobi,; Kenya.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between HIV-1 infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (IN) among women at relatively low risk for both conditions. DESIGN: A case-control study comparing women with cytological evidence of IN (cases) with those without IN (controls) and HIV-1 serostatus as the principa
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):381-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305376
de The G; Bomford R; Unite d'Epidemiologie des Virus Oncogenes, Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.
Endemic infection with the human T cell leukemia/lymphoma viruses I and II (HTLV-I/II) is now recognized to be worldwide, and is becoming epidemic among intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs) in the United States and Europe. The number of people around the world infected with HTLV-I can be e
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):387-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305377
Luke W; Voss G; Stahl-Hennig C; Coulibaly C; Putkonen P; Petry H; Hunsmann G; Department of Virology and Immunology, German Primate Center,; Gottingen.
We have investigated the efficiency of a subunit vaccine consisting of native gp130 micelles of HIV-2ben mixed with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Over a period of 52 weeks, nine cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were immunized with seven intramuscular injections of gp130-KLH, equivalent to a total of about 1
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):395-404. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305378
Natuk RJ; Lubeck MD; Chanda PK; Chengalvala M; Wade MS; Murthy SC; Wilhelm J; Vernon SK; Dheer SK; Mizutani S; et al; Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Biotechnology and Microbiology Division,; Philadelphia, PA 19101.
Recombinant human adenovirus (Ad) type 4-, 5-, and 7-vectored vaccines expressing either the HIV env or gag-protease genes were tested for immunogenicity in three chimpanzees. The first phase of the vaccination protocol consisted of a primary and two booster immunizations with Ad-HIVs by the oral route of administrati
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):431-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305382
Gilljam G; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Lectin affinity chromatography was used to purify in a single step the envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV. Envelope glycoproteins carry the major determinants essential for protection by the humoral immune response. The purification of these proteins has previously been a laborious procedure. The glycopro
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):439-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305383
Pulliam L; West D; Haigwood N; Swanson RA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco.
The majority of AIDS patients will experience some degree of dementia induced by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). In this study, we report that treatment of human brain tissue with envelope gp120 of HIV-1 did not cause neuronal death but did cause astrocyte alterations and/or
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):445-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305384
Truckenmiller ME; Kulaga H; Coggiano M; Wyatt R; Snyder SH; Sweetnam PM; NovaScreen, Division of Nova Pharmaceutical Corporation,; Baltimore, MD 21224.
HCN-1A is a human cerebral cortical neuronal cell line having properties consistent with cells of immature neuronal origin. This article details evidence for productive low-level infection of HCN-1A cells with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In vitro exposure to HCN-1A monolayers to a high titer of either
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):455-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305385
Moran PA; Diegel ML; Sias JC; Ledbetter JA; Zarling JM; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle,; WA 98121.
The relationship between production of HIV-1 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HIV-1-infected donors and the level of T cell activation by various stimuli was examined. Stimulation of PBMCs with soluble anti-CD3 antibody or staphylococcal enterotoxin/superantigen (SAg) was found to be 100-1000 times m
Haas GP; Redman BG; Rao VK; Dybal E; Pontes JE; Hillman GG; Department of Urology, Wayne State University School of Medicine,; Harper Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
The traditional approach to immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell cancer, to first reduce the tumor burden by nephrectomy and then offer systemic therapy, has been challenged recently. There is mounting evidence that objective responses in the metastatic disease can be achieved without prior nephrectomy, although re
Aten Primaria. 1993 Jun 15;12(1):15-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305848
Calderon JB; Borbujo J; Olmos O; Manget C; Manzano JA; Casado M; Centro de Salud V Centenario, San Sebastian de los Reyes,; Madrid.
OBJECTIVE. To study the prevalence of Molluscum contagiosum in our environment, in order to understand and control it better. DESIGN. A retrospective descriptive study was undertaken. SETTING. The Dermatology Clinic of the V Centenario Health Centre at San Sebastian de los Reyes (Madrid). PATIENTS. All cases diagnosed
Bull Math Biol. 1993;55(4):731-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93306241
Donnelly C; Leisenring W; Kanki P; Awerbuch T; Sandberg S; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
To explore the biological similarities and differences between the HIV-1 and HIV-2 viruses, we model the probability of male-to-female transmission of either HIV virus as a function of the number of sexual partners, the prevalence of the viruses and the infectivity per contact. Using maximum likelihood estimation theo
DeMarco MJ; Soroko TA; Kirsh S; Smith L; Department of Infectious Disease, Saint Michael's Medical Center,; Newark, New Jersey.
Since the original description of Epithelioid Angiomatosis by Cockerell and Associates in 1987, literature has been published describing both the local and systemic manifestations of Cat-Scratch disease. Most typical cases of Cat-Scratch disease are self-limited with full recovery expected in 2 to 4 months. In patient
Education and universal precautions alone may be insufficient to ameliorate the potential crisis situation brought about by fear of occupational exposure to blood or body fluids. The authors discuss typical initial reactions to exposure and propose specific steps to be taken in this initial period prior to the introdu
Jones BM; Lau YL; Wong KL; Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
We report six Chinese boys with hypogammaglobulinaemia. All but one had very low or undetectable circulating B-lymphocytes, two had reversed CD4/CD8 ratios (in one of whom this latter became normal), one had reduced lymphocyte proliferative responses to concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen and three had deficient respo
Epstein RM; Christie M; Frankel R; Rousseau S; Shields C; Suchman AL; Highland Hospital, Program for Biopsychosocial Study, Rochester,; N.Y.
BACKGROUND: Fear of contagion has been identified as a potential deterrent for primary care physicians who would otherwise care for HIV patients. This study examines physicians fears of occupational HIV transmission and the ways that they cope with those fears. METHODS: Thirty community-based primary care physicians
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1993 May 1;109(1):63-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93307623
Behbahani N; Blanchard A; Cassell GH; Montagnier L; Institut Pasteur, Departement du SIDA et des retrovirus,; Oncologie Virale, Paris, France.
A novel mycoplasmal species designated as Mycoplasma penetrans has recently been isolated from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The 16S rRNA gene from this mycoplasma was cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. This sequence was aligned with previously published homologous sequences from sev
Int J Pept Protein Res. 1993 May;41(5):455-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93307860
Tolman RL; Bednarek MA; Johnson BA; Leanza WJ; Marburg S; Underwood DJ; Emini EA; Conley AJ; Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey.
Branched undecapeptides with sequences related to the virus glycoprotein V3 domain sequences of the MN and IIIB variants of HIV-1 were synthesized and cyclized with a peptide (amide) closure to cyclic decapeptides. Two-dimensional NMR studies allowed protons for the MN variant-related cycle (L-697,250) to be assigned.
Urtiaga Dominguez M; Extramiana Cameno E; Moreno Iribas C; Ardanaz Aicua E; Martinez Trinidad M; Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Psiquiatrico de Pamplona,; Becaria del Departamento de Salud, Navarra.
Intensive multi-agency case finding is a methodology developed to make an estimation of the number and sociodemographic characteristics of known heroin users in a given community. It basically consists of collecting information from services and/or sanitary, social and penal institutions which in the course of their a
Garbarg-Chenon A; Segondy M; Conge AM; Huguet MF; Nicolas JC; Grimprel E; Moniot-Ville N; Bricout F; Serre A; Courpotin C; et al; Department of Microbiology and Pediatrics, Hopital Trousseau,; Paris, France.
Viral culture (VC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in vitro antibody production (IVAP) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells were compared for the early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in 46 infants born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers. The ten children considered infected on the basis of clinical signs and persistenc
van Wissen KA; Siebers RW; Department of Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine, New; Zealand.
A pilot study was conducted to identify nurses attitudes and concerns pertaining to the care of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Data were collected using an anonymous, voluntary questionnaire, which was made available to all nurses at a Wellington Area He
Uematsu K; Sata T; Satoh Y; Maeda Y; Wakabayashi T; Kurata T; Miki R; Chiba N; Ishikawa K; Yamanashi Institute for Public Health.
We have demonstrated the nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) assay detected from 14 mycobacterial species. We have further demonstrated the species specific restriction sites within amplified dnaJ gene, which allowed us to differentiate the mycobacterial DNA by combination of the PCR with the restriction fra
Sano K; Takasaki T; Fukui A; Jiang Y; Urabe T; Nakano T; Saito Y; Nakamura T; Kise M; Kawabe K; et al; Department of Microbiology, Osaka Medical College.
It is important to prevent unexpected laboratory infections in a biosafety area. It is recommended that extreme caution should be used when handling needles and syringes to avoid autoinoculation, and that needles and syringes should be used only when there is no alternative. To remove cells and cell debris, a disk-typ
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1993 Jul;181(7):409-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93308490
Folkman S; Chesney M; Pollack L; Coates T; University of California, San Francisco, Center for AIDS; Prevention Studies 94105.
This study examined the relationship between stress, appraised control, and coping and depressive mood in 425 human immunodeficiency virus-positive and -negative gay men in San Francisco. Depressive mood was assessed by self-report in 1988 and 1989. Participants were also surveyed in 1989 on the stress in their lives,
Gillet V; Johnson AP; Mata P; Sike S; Williams P; School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, U.K.
SPROUT is a new computer program for constrained structure generation that is designed to generate molecules for a range of applications in molecular recognition. It uses artificial intelligence techniques to moderate the combinatorial explosion that is inherent in structure generation. The program is presented here f
Simonds RJ; Oxtoby MJ; Caldwell MB; Gwinn ML; Rogers MF; Division of HIV/AIDS, National Center for Infectious Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
OBJECTIVE--To describe epidemiologic characteristics of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) among children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to guide prevention efforts. DESIGN--National acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) surveillance of children aged 0 through 12 years, a
Hellinger FJ; Division of Cost and Financing, US Public Health Service,; Rockville, MD 20852.
OBJECTIVE--To estimate the cost (total charges for services) of medical care for persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from the time of infection until death. DESIGN AND SETTING--Data from the AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) Cost and Service Utilization Survey were used. PATIENTS--Data from intervi
Med Clin North Am. 1993 Jul;77(4):795-814. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93309222
Keusch GT; Thea DM; Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Malnutrition, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea are common findings in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and many traditional and nontraditional dietary approaches have been suggested. This article examines the mechanisms and pathophysiology of wasting in HIV, and the evidence for malnutrition
Hammond SA; Bollinger RC; Tobery TW; Silliciano RF; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
CD8+ cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) identify virally infected cells by recognizing processed viral antigen in association with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on infected cells. Processing begins in the cytosol with the generation of peptides, possibly by a protease complex with MHC-encoded sub
Poli A; Abramo F; Taccini E; Guidi G; Barsotti P; Bendinelli M; Malvaldi G; Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Universita di Pisa, Italy.
Renal tissues from 15 cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were examined histologically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. Renal function and urinary proteins were also studied. Kidney abnormalities were found in 12 cats and were characterized by mesangial widening with segmental
Morinelli EN; Dugel PU; Riffenburgh R; Rao NA; A. Ray Irvine, Jr., MD, Ocular Pathology Laboratory, Doheny Eye; Institute, University of Southern California School of Medicine,; Los Angeles 90033.
PURPOSE: The purposes of this study are to determine the incidence of infectious opportunistic choroiditis in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), to study the association of these choroidal infections with systemic dissemination, and to investigate the life expectancy and cause of death in pa
Nord Med. 1993;108(6-7):176-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93309991
Alen M; Peurunka--Medicinskt rehabiliterings- och motionscentrum, Laukaa; as.
At therapeutic dosages, androgen and anabolic steroids enhance neither muscle strength nor competitive performance. Endogenous androgen secretion is inhibited, and the net effect is negligible. The dosages taken by athletes and body-builders are 10-50 fold greater than the therapeutic dosages, and give rise to hyperan
Tartaglione TA; Hooton TM; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Washington,; Seattle 98104.
The management of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) has reached a new level in the era of antibiotic resistance and human immunodeficiency virus infection. To date, no single antimicrobial is capable of eradicating the commonly encountered STD pathogens including Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Tr
In a neuropathological autopsy study of 21 cases of AIDS-associated PML no fundamental morphological differences to non-AIDS PML were found. PML in AIDS often showed very large foci as well as necrotizing lesions. Partial involvement of cerebral cortex and deep gray matter were common findings; infratentorial lesions
Oddo D; Chuaqui R; Hoffmann E; Garcia M; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pontificial Catholic University; of Chile, School of Medicine, Santiago.
A 24-year-old male patient with AIDS diagnosed in 1989, and with several episodes of pneumocystosis, was admitted because of a chronic diarrheic syndrome and severe epigastric pain. Endoscopy showed a granular duodenal mucosa. Light microscopy showed a moderate villous atrophy with round-cell inflammatory infiltration
Nieman RB; Fleming J; Coker RJ; Harris JR; Mitchell DM; Department of Respiratory Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London.
BACKGROUND--In addition to the acute fall in carbon monoxide transfer factor (TLCO) associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) or other opportunistic lung infections, reduced TLCO occurs in HIV-I seropositive individuals without active pulmonary disease. Abnormal TLCO, in the absence of lung disease, may be
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1993 Jun 20;113(16):2010-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93310849
Hoel T; Espinoza R; Epidemisk seksjon Miljoetaten, Oslo.
The Epidemic Section at the Oslo City Department of Health and Environment, is responsible for monitoring communicable diseases in Oslo. We have registered an increase in the number of severe cases of pneumococcal disease with bacteremia, sepsis and meningitis. Fifty-two cases of invasive pneumococcal disease occurred
Coinfection of a cell with two different types of enveloped virus can result in the generation of infectious virus particle pseudotypes having the internal proteins of one virus and the envelope proteins of the other virus. Vaccinia virus recombinants expressing either non-infectious virus-like particles of simian imm
Ohki K; Kumagai K; Mitsuda S; Takano T; Kimura T; Ikuta K; Section of Serology, Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido; University, Sapporo, Japan.
We have previously identified CD4 peptides that exhibited blocking activity on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, i.e. CD4(68-130) and CD4(66-92) which include the region corresponding to the third complementarity-determining region of IgG. Here we describe a unique peptide derived from CD4(66-92),
Haour-Knipe M; Ospina S; Fleury F; Jeangros C; Dubois-Arber F; Institut universitaire de medecine sociale et preventive,; Lausanne.
Although an increasing number of AIDS prevention programmes are addressing migrants and ethnic minorities, few are either solidly research-based or adequately evaluated. Reported on here is a baseline evaluation of a marginal foreign population, Spanish and Portuguese seasonal workers in
Ohara N; Hayashi K; Miyamoto K; Tomita N; Fujiwara K; Kondo E; Takahashi K; Ohtsuki Y; Akagi T; Second Department of Pathology, Okayama University Medical; School, Okayama University, Japan.
A new human T cell line with a chromosomal abnormality (47,XY,+2), designated AS-IIA, was established by coculturing peripheral blood leukocytes of a healthy adult male with a lethally irradiated human T lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II)-infected simian leukocyte cell line (Si-IIA). A polymerase chain reaction meth
Srugo I; Israele V; Wittek AE; Courville T; Vimal VM; Brunell PA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Ahmanson Pediatric Center,; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA, School of Medicine 90048.
OBJECTIVE--To study the clinical course of varicella-zoster infection in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type I. DESIGN AND SETTING--A clinical and laboratory study of human immunodeficiency virus-infected children was undertaken at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles. PARTICIPANTS--Twenty-sev
Joffe A; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions,; Baltimore, Md.
Increasing condom use among adolescents is an essential component of a public health strategy aimed at decreasing rates of sexually transmitted infections and the spread of human immunodeficiency virus infection. This article reviews current data about the contraceptive and prophylactic characteristics of condoms. Dat
Gutman LT; Herman-Giddens ME; McKinney RE Jr; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC.
The only reportable exposure categories for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of children are vertical transmission from an HIV-infected mother or receipt of infected blood or blood products. Although sexual transmission of HIV among adults is the subject of intense concern, sexual transmission of HIV to ch
Schelling JR; Baum KF; Teitelbaum I; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262.
A human immunodeficiency virus-positive renal transplant patient taking no immunosuppressive medication for 40 months was treated with didanosine for the final 13 months of life. Over the latter period there were three acute episodes of creatinine elevation, but none could be attributed to didanosine-induced acute rej
Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1993 May;75(3):154-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93311915
Jones DR; Harris R; Wilson K; Vascular Studies Unit, Bristol Royal Infirmary.
The ability to resist fluid penetration was measured in body fabric and forearm seams of standard and reinforced non-woven disposable theatre gowns. Six standard use, non-woven gowns showed water strike-through in the body area at pressures ranging between 12.1 +/- 0.8 cmH2O and 23.2 +/- 2.2 cmH2O (means +/- 95% confi
Majer P; Urban J; Gregorova E; Konvalinka J; Novek P; Stehlikova J; Andreansky M; Sedlacek J; Strop P; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czechoslovak; Academy of Science, Prague.
A series of 47 N-truncated reduced bond inhibitors, systematically modified at individual positions (P1, P 1, P 2, P 3, and P 4), were synthesized and used to map the subsite preferences of HIV-1 protease. The tight binding inhibitor of HIV-1 protease t-butoxycarbonyl-Phe-[CH2NH]Phe-Glu-Phe-NH2 (Ki = 0.2 nM) was chose
Karlstrom AR; Shames BD; Levine RL; Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood; Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
The protease encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is essential for the processing of viral polyproteins encoded by the gag and pol genes into mature viral proteins. The 99-residue protease from HIV-1 contains two cysteine residues (Cys-67 and Cys-95), both of which are usually conserved in viruses isolate
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Jun 30;193(3):1216-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93312312
Geffner ME; Bailey RC; Bersch N; Vera JC; Golde DW; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024.
The cause of short stature in African Pygmies is unknown, but some evidence suggests that they are GH resistant. Since IGF-I mediates many actions of GH, we sought to determine if Pygmy tissue is responsive to IGF-I. We established HTLV-II-transformed cell lines from 1 Efe Pygmy, 1 African control, and 3 American cont
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Jun 30;193(3):1291-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/S64637
Shaw DR; Ennis HL; Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Roche Research Center,; Nutley, NJ 07110.
TBP1 and 7, two human cDNA clones, are members of a large, highly conserved family that encode proteins that bind to type 1 human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein, and may be transcription factors. Two Dictyostelium discoideum homologues, denoted DdTBP2 and 10, were isolated and characterized, and these have strikin
Abdel-Rahman RM; Seada M; Fawzy M; el-Baz I; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain-Shams; University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt.
A number of various thioethers derived from 3-hydrazone-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazines have been synthesized and evaluated for anticancer and anti HIV activities. The structures are supported by elemental analysis, IR, UV and 1H-NMR spectral data. Most of the tested compounds displayed a significant activity against Leu
Proenca L; Servico de Cardiologia, Hospital Geral de Santo Antonio, Porto.
The authors present an historical introduction, a geographic description and an epidemiologic review of AIDS in Portugal and in the world. After HIV presentation, a laboratory and clinic approach to this syndrome is done, discussing
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Summer;5(2):104-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93312733
Martin DJ; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School; of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance 90509.
Because AIDS has been identified as a major source of stress among gay men, coping models may contribute to an understanding of factors related to changes in and failure to change sexual behavior. Gay men in Long Beach, California, were surveyed to determine whether appraisal and coping are factors in efforts to reduc
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Summer;5(2):121-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93312734
Simpson DD; Knight K; Ray S; Institute of Behavioral Research, Texas Christian University,; Fort Worth 76129.
Theoretical and empirical research suggests psychosocial functioning is important in drug abuse intervention strategies, especially those focusing on efforts to change AIDS risk behaviors. Self-esteem, depression, anxiety, proneness to risk taking, decision-making confidence, self-assessment of drug use problems, and
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Summer;5(2):131-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93312735
Braunstein MS; Personalized Nursing Corporation, Plymouth, MI 48170.
As the spread of AIDS continues, there is an urgent need to understand patterns of drug use among drug users. While it is recognized that probability samples are scientifically preferable, there is a need to balance the realities of field research targeting an elusive population with the need for a sound sampling plan
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Summer;5(2):141-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93312736
Perkins DO; Leserman J; Murphy C; Evans DL; Dept. of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of; Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599.
Despite general awareness that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is transmitted sexually, people continue to engage in high-risk behavior. As part of a larger HIV project, the Coping in Health and Illness Project (CHIP), we studied the association of psychosocial factors with sexual risk taking behaviors in 53 HIV-ne
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Summer;5(2):153-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93312737
Sigelman CK; Miller AB; Derenowski EB; Department of Psychology, George Washington University,; Washington, DC 20052.
A group of young people ages 10 to 18, interviewed after basketball star Earvin Magic Johnson announced that he had tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), were asked for their reactions to the news. Their knowledge of and attitudes regarding AIDS were also compared to those of similar young people
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Summer;5(2):162-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93312738
Stanton BF; Aronson R; Borgatti S; Galbraith J; Feigelman S; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
Risk activities for acquisition of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain prevalent among urban adolescents. While interdisciplinary approaches to examine the variables contributing to risk/protective behaviors have been promoted, strategies for such explorations require further formulation. Recently we employe
Durbin M; DiClemente RJ; Siegel D; Krasnovsky F; Lazarus N; Camacho T; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco.
Twenty-one percent of a sample of inner-city junior high school students were found to be sexually active (n = 403). Only 31% of them reported a single lifetime sexual partner, 25% reported two partners, and 43% reported three or more partners. Logistic regression analysis evaluated the influence of demographic, psych
Westerman PL; Davidson PM; Psychology Department, Catholic University of America,; Washington, D.C. 20064.
Adolescents in the United States are increasingly knowledgeable about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), yet they are notoriously resistant to behavioral changes that would reduce their personal risk, such as practicing abstinence, using condoms, or careful selection of sexual
DiClemente RJ; Brown LK; Beausoleil NI; Lodico M; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, School of Medicine,; University of California, San Francisco 94105.
Data were collected from students attending high school in a rural, low acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevalence community in Northern California, and compared with students in an inner-city AIDS epicenter (San Francisco). The findings demonstrate that rural adolescents have higher levels of human immunode
Quiros E; Garcia F; Cabezas T; Gonzalez I; Bernal MC; Maroto MC; Piedrola G; Departamento de Microbiologia (Facultad de Medicina),; Universidad de Granada.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the diagnostic use of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the detection of HIV-DNA. METHODS: We have investigated HIV-DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 150 individuals: 50 seronegative without recognized factors to acquire HIV infection, 50 seronegative that showed risk habits and 50
Sanchez-Portocarrero J; Perez-Cecilia E; Roca V; Rabano J; Martin-Rabadan P; Ramirez C; Varela de Seijas E; Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital de Dia VIH, Madrid.
BACKGROUND: HIV infection and parenteral drug abuse (PDA) are frequently associated conditions. Both are at increased risk of developing specific types of Candida infections. Localized CNS infection is an exceptional finding. METHODS: We report two cases of meningitis in PDA due to Candida albicans--one of them HIV po
Libonatti O; Lima E; Peruga A; Gonzalez R; Zacarias F; Weissenbacher M
Drug injectors have become the second largest HIV transmission category in Argentina and Brazil , as is the case in many pattern I countries, making up more than one-quarter of all AIDS cases reported by 1991. HIV seroprevalence data suggest
Hague RA; Mok JY; Johnstone FD; MacCallum L; Yap PL; Burns SM; Whitelaw J; France AJ; Brettle RP; Infectious Disease Unit, City Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
In order to identify features associated with an increased risk of transmission of HIV from seropositive women to their offspring, 70 children of 58 HIV seropositive mothers were studied. Fifty-six children were followed prospectively from pregnancy; in 14 identified after the puerperium, obstetric notes were reviewed
Low AM; Lacey CJ; Buchan PC; Franks AJ; Waugh MA; Department of Public Health Medicine, Leeds Health Authority, UK.
This paper compares estimates of the potential HIV counselling and testing requirements in a genito-urinary medicine (GUM) clinic, where a formal HIV counselling service is provided, and in an antenatal clinic (ANC), where there is no formal HIV counselling service. Data were collected by means of questionnaires compl
Korting HC; Zaba R; Ballard RC; Abeck D; Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich,; Germany.
Plasma samples from patients with chancroid diagnosed both on clinical and microbiological grounds were assessed for their ability to inhibit mitogen-induced proliferation of human lymphocytes from healthy donors. All serum samples analysed suppressed phytohaemagglutinin A (PHA) blastogenic response. A significant dif
Amrane R; Djillali A; L'Hadj M; Ouartsi Z; Chakou A; Service de Pneumo-phtisiologie, Centre Hospitalier et; Universitaire de Bab el Oued, Alger.
Information on notified tuberculosis cases collected by the Algerian Ministry of Health and Social Affairs (Ministere de la Sante et des Affaires Sociales Algerien) from 1982-1990 show that 13,916 cases were notified in 1982 and 10,864 in 1990, of which 67%-71% were cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (TP) and 25-29% case
Cayla JA; Jansa JM; Artazcoz L; Plasencia A; S. d'Epidemiologia, Institut Municipal de la Salut, Barcelona,; Spain.
We estimated the cumulative probability of AIDS in a cohort of 191 HIV-positive patients with pulmonary or pleural tuberculosis, as well as the role of age, sex, district of residence, risk group, alcoholism, homelessness, prison history, site of tuberculosis, radiology, tuberculin skin test and lymphocyte subsets as
Okot-Nwang M; Wabwire-Mangen F; Kagezi VB; Department of Medicine, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
Tuberculosis, a major public health problem, was thought to be on the increase in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda , in the years 1985-1989. In order to verify and quantify the problem of tuberculosis in this hospital, we obtained total yearly hospital admissions and total yearly tu
Oksenhendler E; Bierling P; Chevret S; Delfraissy JF; Laurian Y; Clauvel JP; Seligmann M; Department of Immunopathology and Hematology, Hopital St Louis,; Paris, France.
Sixty-eight patients, followed in a prospective cohort study of 185 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with severe immune thrombocytopenia (platelets
Lin L; Londe H; Hanson CV; Wiesehahn G; Isaacs S; Cimino G; Corash L; Steritech Inc. Concord, CA.
Photochemical decontamination (PCD) of platelet concentrates, with adequate preservation of platelet function, has been shown using 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and long wavelength UV light (UVA). To further evaluate this technique, models for the inactivation of pathogenic human cell-associated viruses and integrated pr
Despite a large and rapidly growing body of knowledge concerning the human immunodeficiency virus and treatment of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases in general hospital settings, there is a dearth of information about the care of those psychiatric patients who might be at high risk for exposure to t
By 30 June 1992, 76,696 cases of AIDS had been reported to the World Health Organization (WHO), the highest incidence occurring in people in their early to late 20s. If carers are to address the health care problems arising from this, they must push aside personal prejudices. Programme
Hunter J; Psychiatric Clinic for HIV-Related Concerns, Mount Sinai; Hospital, Toronto.
Of the multiple causes of mental disturbance in HIV infection, it is generally safest to consider organic causes first, including opportunistic infections, tumours, medications, and HIV encephalopathy. The psychological stress of the illness will cause different or overlapping presentations that include anxiety and de
Eversley RB; Policar M; White V; Grinstead O; Newstetter A; Avins A; Hearst N; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco 94105.
The relationship between sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been established. Little is known, however, about the relationship between being infected with an STD and initiating HIV risk-reduction behavior. We interviewed 267 young women who were family planning cli
Horan PF; DiClemente RJ; Psychology Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh; 27695-7801.
We conducted a comparative analysis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge, communication, and risk behaviors among 1272 white, Chinese-, and Filipino-American 10th and 11th graders in San Francisco, California, a high-prevalence AIDS epicenter. We performed principal components analysis on an epidemiologic s
Andersson B; Ying JH; Lewis DE; Gibbs RA; Institute for Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine,; Houston, Texas 77030.
A direct method for visualization and isolation of sequence variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) utilizing denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) combined with automated direct DNA sequencing was developed. Two fragments from the env gene and one from the nef gene of HIV-1, which together co
Kirchhoff F; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772-9102.
Oligonucleotide primers corresponding to variable region 3 (V3) of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) were randomly mutagenized during synthesis by doping each of the four nucleoside phosphoramidites with a small amount of the other three. PCR was then used to incorporate the altered sequences into larger, clonable D
The number of reported AIDS cases in women rose to 12.8% of all reported cases in 1991. Nurses caring for HIV-infected women must be aware of the clinical issues as well as emotional and practical problems posed by HIV infection in order to design a plan of care that addresses patients specific needs.
Br Med Bull. 1993 Jan;49(1):171-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93313670
Kirkman R; Chantler E; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of; Manchester, UK.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a major cause of ill health in women and their sexual partners and children. Contraceptive methods alter in various ways the risk of acquiring STD but assessment of the odds ratio is difficult due to the many confounding factors. Spermicides have been reported to kill a wide ra
Br Med Bull. 1993 Jan;49(1):222-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93313674
Lincoln DW; MRC Reproductive Biology Unit, Centre for Reproductive Biology,; Edinburgh, UK.
Novel methods for the regulation of human fertility in the post-HIV era are discussed, based on the control of regulatory peptides and their respective genes. Three mechanisms are examined, each representing a step-wise increase in target or functional specificity. These centre on the selective control of the genes en
Bull World Health Organ. 1993;71(3-4):297-306. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93314012
Raviglione MC; Sudre P; Rieder HL; Spinaci S; Kochi A; Tuberculosis Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland.
Deaths due to tuberculosis have decreased uniformly in all countries in Western Europe, and most have occurred among those aged > or = 65 years. In recent years, tuberculosis case notifications have continued to decline in Belgium ,
Bull World Health Organ. 1993;71(3-4):397-412. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93314025
Estebanez P; Fitch K; Najera R; Project, SIDA y Prostitucion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III,; Madrid, Spain.
In this review of published findings on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and risk factors among female sex workers, we summarize the results of seroprevalence studies in different countries and discuss the different patterns of transmission among such workers in various geographical regions. The highest ra
In this study we investigated the distribution of the S6F1 antigen, an epitope of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen, on CD8+ T lymphocytes in a series of 15 HIV-1+ and 20 HIV-1- haemophiliac patients. MoAbs recognizing the S6F1 antigen have been claimed to distinguish between killer effectors (brightly S6F1+
Broliden K; Sievers E; Tovo PA; Moschese V; Scarlatti G; Broliden PA; Fundaro C; Rossi P; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
The prognostic and protective role of antibodies mediating cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and neutralization was evaluated in sera of HIV-1-infected mothers and their consecutively followed children. The presence and titres of ADCC mediating and/or neutralizing antibodies in maternal sera did not predict HIV-1 infection
Shahar Y; Musen MA; Section on Medical Informatics, Stanford University School of; Medicine, California 94305-5479.
RESUME is a system that performs temporal abstraction of time-stamped data. The temporal-abstraction task is crucial for planning treatment, for executing treatment plans, for identifying clinical problems, and for revising treatment plans. The RESUME system is based on a model of three basic temporal-abstraction mech
Lessnau KD; Can S; Talavera W; Cabrini Medical Center, New York Medical College, New York 10003.
We describe a North American human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient with Strongyloides stercoralis infection of the gastrointestinal tract, who required repeated standard courses of thiabendazole. Pulmonary infection with numerous roundworms developed, as suspected by bronchoalveolar lavage, and while he
Diaz PT; Clanton TL; Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus.
Recent reports have suggested an association between primary pulmonary hypertension and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This appears to be an accelerated syndrome, associated with a relatively brief duration of symptoms, yet prominent right ventricular failure and severe pulmonary hypertension on present
Murayama J; Yoshizawa Y; Ohtsuka M; Hasegawa S; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,; Japan.
Seventeen cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) at a symptomatic phase were categorized into two groups based on computed tomographic (CT) findings and histologic features of transbronchial lung biopsy specimens, HP accompanied by lung fibrosis (fibrosis group), and HP unaccompanied by lung fibrosis (nonfibrosis
Halperin EN; Leake and Watts Children's Home, Inc., Yonkers, NY 10705.
Many children require placement before they reach maturity because their parents died of AIDS. This article traces how denial is used by parents with AIDS and by their children in residential placement.
Li ZJ; Yang Q; Yang YX; Zeng LL; Li SL; Dai JZ; Wang HC; Luo DD; Wang XH; Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical; University, Wuhan.
T cell subsets in peripheral blood were phenotyped in 56 patients with different stages of Schistosomiasis japonica, including 17 with acute, 14 with chronic and 25 with advanced infection. The activity of interleukin-1 (IL-1) produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in
Abourizk NN; Lyons RW; Madden GM; Department of Medicine, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical; Center, Hartford, CT 06105.
OBJECTIVE--To describe a glucose abnormality in AIDS that is characterized by transient NIDDM followed by hyperinsulinemic normoglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--A 36-yr-old Hispanic man with AIDS was on long-standing aerosolized pentamidine therapy in 1986. He received a course of intravenous pentamidine 5 mo be
FEBS Lett. 1993 Jul 12;326(1-3):140-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93314771
Chuang AJ; Killam KF Jr; Chuang RY; Rice WG; Schaeffer CA; Mendeleyev J; Kun E; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
The 3-nitrosobenzamide (NOBA) drug abolishes SIV replication sharply at 20 microM concentration when CEM x 174 cells are preincubated for 1 h with the drug prior to viral infection. Treatment of CEM x 174 cells with 20 microM NOBA resulted in the inhibition of the synthesis of the DNA sequence coding for the gag gene,
FEBS Lett. 1993 Jul 12;326(1-3):275-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93314803
Leuthardt A; Roesel JL; Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Oncology and Virology Research Department,; Basel, Switzerland.
The gene coding for the HIV-1 protease was cloned in an Escherichia coli expression vector adding three-histidine codons to the amino and carboxy terminus of the protease sequence. Expression of the protease from this construct led to the accumulation of high amounts of insoluble histidine-linked protease entrapped in
McCluskey PJ; Goonan PV; Marriott DJ; Field AS; Department of Ophthalmology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney,; Australia.
Microsporidia are rare human opportunistic pathogens that are now increasingly recognised in patients with AIDS, most commonly as an ocular or enteric pathogen. This paper reports a case of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in a patient with AIDS which responded to treatment with dibromopropamidine isethionate ointm
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1993 May;15(3):139-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93314950
Brown GR; Rundell JR; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Wilford Hall Medical Center,; Lackland AFB, TX.
Few studies of psychiatric morbidity associated with HIV disease have included women. The authors prospectively studied a cohort of HIV-seropositive women, none of whom had AIDS, to assess changes in their psychiatric status over time. All seropositive women admitted to the U.S. Air Force s HIV evaluation unit for com
Fletcher LD; Berger LC; Peel SA; Baric RS; Tidwell RR; Dykstra CC; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of North; Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a leading cause of death among AIDS patients in the United States . Our analysis of P. carinii protein-coding genes has revealed a significant A + T codon bias. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized to isolate and identify the genes encodin
Ohara N; Hayashi K; Takahashi K; Miyamoto K; Akagi T; Second Department of Pathology, Okayama University Medical; School, Japan.
A novel monoclonal antibody (MAb), N5.4.4, specifically reactive with human T-lymphotropic virus type-II (HTLV-II) envelope glycoprotein (gp) has been developed through immunization with a synthetic peptide corresponding to the amino acid sequence 171-196 of the HTLV-II envelope protein (II-env 171-196). This MAb, whi
Censori B; Camerlingo M; Casto L; Ferraro B; Gazzaniga GC; Partziguian T; Mamoli A; 2a Divisione di Neurologia, Ospedali Riuniti, Bergamo.
We report a case of acute rhabdomyolysis associated with acute intravenous cocaine intoxication in an asymptomatic HIV-positive young man and discuss the possible pathogenetic mechanisms. Recent cocaine use must be considered among the causes of acute rhabdomyolysis without obvious precipitating factors in our country
Lu W; Zhang W; Molloy SS; Thomas G; Ryan K; Chiang Y; Anderson S; Laskowski M Jr; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette,; Indiana 47907.
Turkey ovomucoid third domain with Leu18 in its reactive site is a potent inhibitor of many serine proteinases: subtilisins, chymotrypsins, and elastases. Previous studies showed that an L18K mutation made it a moderately strong inhibitor of trypsin, while an L18E mutation made it
Henderson LA; Qureshi MN; Guthrie Research Institute, Sayre, Pennsylvania 18840.
Putative cell surface human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp41 receptor proteins of 45 and 80 kDa (p45 and p80, respectively) were identified on human cells using a 17-amino acid peptide, referred to as CS3. In contrast, murine P815 cells expressed a peptide binding protein of 80 kDa only. A segment of 8 amino acids wi
Nakajima T; Aono H; Hasunuma T; Yamamoto K; Maruyama I; Nosaka T; Hatanaka M; Nishioka K; Division of Rheumatology and Molecular Immunology, St. Marianna; University, Kawasaki, Japan.
One of the salient pathological features of rheumatoid arthritis is synovial cell proliferation with bone erosion. Despite extensive investigation, the factors essential for synovial cell proliferation remain to be identified. Recent studies suggest that human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) may play an importan
1. Exposure to bloodborne pathogens in the workplace creates acute anxiety in health care workers (HCWs); however, HCWs are at a greater risk for contracting the hepatitis B virus (HBV) than for contracting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 2. A postexposure management program (PEMP) provides an education of the
Bellingham K; Gillies P; Department of Public Health Medicine and Epidemiology, University; Hospital and Medical School, Nottingham.
STUDY OBJECTIVES--To evaluate the impact of an AIDS education programme designed for young adults. DESIGN--A randomised trial with a pre-post test design. SETTING--Participants were drawn from six youth training centres in the city of Nottingham, England. STUDY POPULATION--All trainees aged 16-19 years attending the s
Chen TS; Doss GA; Hsu A; Hsu A; Lingham RB; White RF; Monaghan RL; Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065.
The microbiological transformation of L-696,474 [1], a novel cytochalasin that is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease, was investigated using Actinoplanes sp. ATCC 53771. Six hydroxylated metabolites 2-7 of 1 were isolated and purified using reversed-phase hplc. All six metabolites were found to have undergone hydroxylatio
Seto A; Kumagai K; Department of Microbiology, Shiga University of Medical Science,; Otsu, Japan.
The presence of a leukemogenesis-associated antigen was investigated in an experimental model of adult T-cell leukemia in (B/J x Chbb:HM)F1 rabbits, where adult rabbits develop leukemia within 1-2 weeks following inoculation with HTLV-I-transformed syngeneic cell lines. Leukemogenic activity was found in some but not
Gurtsevitch V; Senjuta N; Pavlish O; Shih J; Pivnik A; Yakhnina E; Stepina V; Kremenetskaya A; Kaplanskaya I; Syrtsev A; et al; Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Science,; Moscow.
An HTLV-I-associated case of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) was described in a 51-year-old white man, native from Georgia , the former U.S.S.R. Clinical manifestation of the disease (enlarged lymph nodes, bone marrow and peripheral blood changes, CNS-involvement, cutaneous lesions and
Med Care. 1993 Jul;31(7):569-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93316621
Cleary PD; Fowler FJ Jr; Weissman J; Massagli MP; Wilson I; Seage GR 3d; Gatsonis C; Epstein A; Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; MA 02114.
Assessing health-related quality of life in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is extremely important, but most available scales are too long, contain items that are not relevant for such persons, or do not assess important signs and symptoms of HIV infection. This study presents a new set of sca
OBJECTIVE: To prospectively study occupational exposures to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other blood-borne pathogens. DESIGN AND SETTING: Detailed clinical information was collected and follow-up was performed on all health care workers with occupational exposures to potentially infected substances at Fairfi
Med Klin. 1993 May 15;88(5):279-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93316908
Brodt HR; Staszewski S; Enzensberger R; Keul HG; Buhl R; Hubner K; Helm EB; Zentrum der Inneren Medizin/Infektiologie,; Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt/Main.
Frequency and risk of tuberculosis were studied among a large group of HIV-infected patients (n = 2556), 869 of whom had AIDS, over a period of ten years (February 1982 through February 1992) at the University Hospital Frankfurt. A total of 148 (5.8%) out of 2.556 patients had tuberculosis. With increasing immunodefic
The study reported here investigated the value of the Self Assessment, Identification of Need and Teaching (SAINT) system in assessing and teaching qualified nurses at work in the field of AIDS palliative care. Primary and community nurses were asked to use the SAINT system to make an assessment of their own nursing s
During 1992, state and territorial health departments reported 47,095 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to CDC, an increase of 3.5% over the 45,499 cases reported in 1991. As in previous years, most (50.8%) cases were attributable to transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among homosexual/
OBJECTIVES: It was the goal of this study to describe sexual and contraceptive behaviour of adolescents as well as their knowledge about and attitudes towards AIDS and AIDS prevention, in order to assess their risk of HIV infection and to offer improved health education. METHODS: Using a questionnaire a survey was car
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1993 Jun 19;137(25):1251-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93317038
Ajubi N; Nossent JC; St. Elisabeth Hospitaal, afd. Interne Geneeskunde, Willemstad,; Curacao, Nederlandse Antillen.
We present our experience with AIDS in Curacao in the first 6 years after the introduction of a serologic HIV screening method. 71 cases of full-blown AIDS were diagnosed in the period 1-1-1986 to 12-31-1991 giving a mean incidence of 81 cases per million per year. Non-homosexual transmission was the predominant mode
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 1;90(13):5974-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93317606
Makonkawkeyoon S; Limson-Pobre RN; Moreira AL; Schauf V; Kaplan G; Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021.
Thalidomide, a selective inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) synthesis, suppresses the activation of latent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in a monocytoid (U1) line. The inhibition is dose dependent and occurs after exposure of the cells to recombinant TNF-alpha, phorbol myristate acetate
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 1;90(13):6184-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93317647
Graeble MA; Churcher MJ; Lowe AD; Gait MJ; Karn J; Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology,; Cambridge, United Kingdom.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transactivator protein, tat, specifically stimulates transcription from the viral long terminal repeat. We used cell-free transcription systems to test whether tat can stimulate transcriptional read-through of an artificial terminator sequence (e.g., a stable RNA stem-loop struc
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 1;90(13):6325-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93317674
Rini JM; Stanfield RL; Stura EA; Salinas PA; Profy AT; Wilson IA; Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, CA 92037.
The crystal structure of the Fab fragment of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) neutralizing monoclonal antibody Fab has been determined at 2.8 A resolution in complex with a linear 16-residue peptide from the third hypervariable region (V3) of gp120. The first 9 residues of the peptide are ordered in the e
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 1;90(13):6340-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93317677
Yu M; Ojwang J; Yamada O; Hampel A; Rapapport J; Looney D; Wong-Staal F; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0665.
Ribozymes have enormous potential as antiviral agents. We have previously reported that a hairpin ribozyme expressed under the control of the beta-actin promoter that cleaves human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in the leader sequence can inhibit HIV-1 (pHXB2gpt) expression. For such a ribozyme in a retrovi
Stat Med. 1993 May 15;12(9):867-79. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93318022
Weinberg CR; Baird DD; Rowland AS; Statistics and Biomathematics Branch, National Institute of; Environmental Health Sciences, NC 27709.
Retrospective studies of time from initiation of risk (for example, transfusion of HIV-infected blood) to the occurrence of an endpoint of interest are useful in epidemiology. One example is studies of time to pregnancy, which have evaluated exposures that may affect human fertility. One can reconstruct the non-contra
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1993 Jun 19;123(24):1250-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93318123
Eichmann A; Stadtische Poliklinik fur Haut- und Geschlechtskrankheiten,; Zurich.
Travel to tropical countries is an important factor in the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. In spite of intensive anti-AIDS campaigns, some 30% of Swiss tourists have casual sexual contacts abroad. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases is higher in tropical countries than in western industrialized co
Herlitz C; Department of Social Medicine, University of Uppsala, Sweden.
The AIDS issue was a focus of interest in Sweden during the latter part of the 1980s. To assess changes in sexual behaviour we carried out annual mail surveys in random samples of the general population during this period. Each sample comprised 4000 individuals in the age range 16-
Kunzel C; Sadowsky D; School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Columbia University, New York,; NY 10032.
This study posed two questions: what is the level of perceived occupational risk among American general practice dentists (GPDs)? What factors influence perception of occupational risk for HIV infection among GPDs? In data obtained from a national mail survey of 1351 GPDs (response rate, 88%) 31% of American GPDs expr
Weller SC; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health,; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-1053.
Before condoms can be considered as a prophylaxis for sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), their efficacy must be considered. This paper reviews evidence on condom effectiveness in reducing the risk of heterosexually transmitted human HIV. A meta-analysis conducted on data from in vivo studies of H
Gorter A; Miranda E; Smith GD; Ortells P; Low N; UNAN, Leon, Nicaragua.
Motels in Nicaragua are popular venues for both commercial and non-commercial sexual encounters and thus provide a potential location for the spread of sexually transmitted agents, including the human immunodeficiency virus. Condoms are known to be effective barriers against the
Shirao M; Yoshimura K; Mochizuki M; Araki S; Miyata N; Yamaguchi K; Takatsuki K; Watanabe T; Mori S; Tajima K; Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University, School of; Medicine, Japan.
A seroepidemiological study was carried out to find out if human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) was closely associated with uveitis in two hospitals: one in an area where HTLV-I was highly prevalent (Miyakonojo, Miyazaki) and the other in an area where HTLV-I was less prevalent (Kurume). In the highly prevalent
Yoshimura K; Shimada N; Shirao M; Mochizuki M; Araki S; Miyata N; Yamaguchi K; Takatsuki K; Watanabe T; Mori S; Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of; Medicine, Japan.
The clinical features of human T-lymphotropic virus type (HTLV-I) uveitis, an idiopathic uveitis in HTLV-I seropositive patients, were analyzed in a hospital located in an area where HTLV-I was endemic (Miyakonojo, Miyazaki). A total of 61 patients (25 males and 31 females) with HTLV-I uveitis were the subjects of the
Nakashima S; Shirao M; Mochizuki M; Watanabe T; Mori S; Araki S; Miyata N; Yamaguchi K; Takatsuki K; Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of; Medicine, Japan.
The presence of proviral DNA of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in the inflammatory cells in the aqueous humor was examined by polymerase chain reaction. The proviral DNA was detected in all the tested patients (n = 9) with HTLV-I uveitis. On the other hand, the provirus was not detected in 2 out of 3 HTLV-
Am J Med Sci. 1993 Jul;306(1):20-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93318905
McSharry RJ; Kirsch CM; Jensen WA; Kagawa FT; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford; University Medical Center, California.
The frequent occurrence of bronchospasm due to aerosolized pentamidine (AP) may reduce delivery of drugs to distal airways and produce symptoms that limit therapy. This study performed spirometric measurements before and after AP treatment in 30 human immunodeficiency virus seropositive patients over 18 months. Patien
Johnston WH; Holland GN; Engstrom RE Jr; Rimmer S; University of California, Los Angeles.
Five patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and presumed varicella-zoster virus retinopathy had recurrence of retinopathy after stabilization with initial intravenous antiviral therapy. Recurrences were recognized as increased retinal opacification at the borders of preexisting lesions or as new lesio
Ann Intern Med. 1993 Aug 15;119(4):291-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93319189
Greenberg S; Reiser IW; Chou SY; Porush JG; Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (Tmp-Smx) on serum potassium concentration. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: An urban teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Fifty-one persons hospitalized for symptomatic infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Twenty-five patients who we
Ann Intern Med. 1993 Aug 15;119(4):296-301. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93319190
Velazquez H; Perazella MA; Wright FS; Ellison DH; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven,; Connecticut.
OBJECTIVES: 1) To determine the incidence and severity of hyperkalemia during trimethoprim therapy. 2) To test the hypothesis that trimethoprim inhibits renal potassium excretion by blocking sodium channels in the mammalian distal nephron. PATIENTS: Thirty consecutive patients who were treated with trimethoprim-contai
Casadevall A; Spitzer ED; Webb D; Rinaldi MG; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10461.
Amphotericin B and fluconazole susceptibilities of 13 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from five patients with recurrent cryptococcal meningitis were determined. For each patient, serial isolates showed no increase in antibiotic resistance relative to the initial isolate. For these patients, recurrent disease was not
Rodner B; Vinga-Martins C; Muller-Lantzsch N; Abteilung Virologie, Universitatskliniken des Saarlandes,; Homburg/Saar, Federal Republik of Germany.
The integrase (IN) protein of HIV-1 was expressed as a processed and a non-processed protein in the eucaryotic baculovirus expression system. In immunoblots we could demonstrate that recombinant baculoviruses containing the complete gag and pol reading frames of HIV-1 expressed a gag/pol precursor polyprotein. The spe
Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jun 22;45(12):2507-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93319551
Baba M; Yuasa S; Niwa T; Yamamoto M; Yabuuchi S; Takashima H; Ubasawa M; Tanaka H; Miyasaka T; Walker RT; et al; Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical College, Japan.
Several derivatives of 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT) were examined for their inhibitory effects on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in MT-4 cells in the presence of various concentrations (10-50%) of human serum (HS). Although all HEPT derivatives proved to be h
Cinatl J Jr; Cinatl J; Rabenau H; Gumbel H; Doerr HW; Centre of Hygiene, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University,; Frankfurt/Main, Fed. Rep. of Germany.
Seven 2 ,3 -dideoxynucleosides synthesized by substitution of nucleosides using nucleoside deoxyribosyltransferase from Lactobacillus leichmanii were tested for their anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity. Two of them, including 2,6-diaminopurine-2 ,3 -dideoxyriboside (DAPDDR) and 6-chlorpurine-2 ,3 -dideox
Am J Dent. 1993 Feb;6(1):22-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93319700
Rankin KV; Jones DL; Rees TD; Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Baylor College of Dentistry,; Dallas, TX 75246.
Members of a large urban dental society and students of three Texas dental schools were surveyed concerning their attitude and actions regarding infectious disease (AIDS and hepatitis) and infection control measures. In general, the responses of clinicians in practice less than 10 years more nearly paralleled that of
Am J Dent. 1993 Feb;6(1):32-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93319702
Grace EG; Cohen LA; Department of Oral Health Care Delivery, University of Maryland; Dental School.
A survey of dentists practicing in the state of Maryland found differences between general dentists (n = 905), oral surgeons (n = 88), and periodontists (n = 89). Oral surgeons were more willing to treat and had actually treated more AIDS patients. Also, almost twice as many oral surgeons agreed with the American Dent
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):135-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320149
Davison CF; Holland FJ; Newell ML; Hudson CN; Peckham CS; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Child Health,; London, UK.
Antenatal HIV screening policies throughout the British Isles were surveyed and results linked to data on HIV-infected pregnant women notified through the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Units offering HIV testing to all pregnant women were compared with those offering it only to women considered to
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):141-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320150
Meadows J; Catalan J; Gazzard B; Department of Psychological Medicine, Charing Cross and; Westminster Medical School, London, UK.
In order to identify which factors predict a parturient womans intention to take up voluntary HIV testing in the antenatal clinic, 318 women were surveyed by anonymous self-completion questionnaire. The strongest predictors of intention to be tested were the perceived benefit of the test to the woman herself, her part
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):149-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320151
Gossop M; Griffiths P; Powis B; Strang J; National Addiction Centre, Maudsley Hospital, London.
The HIV risks associated with the sexual behaviour of drug injectors have sometimes been overshadowed by the more obvious risks of injection behaviour. In this study, 408 heroin users were interviewed in the community; 50% were not currently in treatment and 42% had never had any treatment contact. In addition to data
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):169-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320153
Porter SB; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Howard; Hughes Medical Institute, Beckman Center, Stanford University; School of Medicine, California 94305-5428.
Despite the relatively recent introduction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into India , the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is rapidly becoming a significant health problem in that country. Education about AIDS remains the most effective strategy to prevent its spread
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):177-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320154
Beevor AS; Catalan J; Academic and Clinical Department of Psychological Medicine,; Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, University of; London.
As part of a study of the psychosocial impact of HIV infection in women, 23 HIV seropositive and 23 seronegative women were asked about their experience of being tested for HIV. The majority of those who tested negative sought HIV testing because they felt at risk through unprotected sex, while most of the HIV positiv
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):199-206. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320156
Turnbull PJ; Dolan KA; Stimson GV; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Charing Cross; and Westminster Medical School, London, UK.
In a study of 452 ex-prisoners in England in 1990, 66 people reported that they were tested for HIV antibodies when last in prison. The circumstances under which many of those who were tested were difficult: 36% found it an unpleasant experience, 17% had not taken the test voluntarily and 55% said they received no cou
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):207-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320157
Hawkes SJ; Hart GJ; Academic Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, University; College and Middlesex School of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital,; London, United Kingdom.
This is a review of recent publications on the subject of travel (taken in its widest sense) and HIV/AIDS. As with all epidemics caused by transmissible pathogens, AIDS has been seen in many countries as an imported problem. What this perspective fails to recognize is that with the explosion of international travel in
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):215-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320158
Taerk G; Gallop RM; Lancee WJ; Coates RA; Fanning M; Department of Psychiatry, Toronto General Hospital, Canada.
This paper reports of recurrent themes of concern about AIDS expressed by health care professionals participating in small group sessions. Three dominant themes emerged: fear of contagion, homophobia, and attachment and loss. For each of these themes the possible meanings are explored. Fear of contagion was the domina
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):223-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320159
Pitts M; Jackson H; Department of Psychology, Staffordshire University, Stoke on; Trent, UK.
Five years of newspaper coverage of HIV and AIDS in Zimbabwe is examined. Both the number of items and the amount of space devoted to the topics has increased steadily over the 5 years. The nature and content of the items show a continuing bias towards issues more closely associa
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):231-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320160
Nicoll A; Laukamm-Josten U; Mwizarubi B; Mayala C; Mkuye M; Nyembela G; Grosskurth H; AIDS Projects, African Medical and Research Foundation (AMREF),; Tanzania.
Work in AIDS control in East Africa revealed widespread lay health beliefs concerning HIV infection and AIDS amongst health workers and members of the general population at both lower and higher risk of infection. The beliefs were often factually incorrect and undermining to AIDS control in the field of information, e
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):243-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320161
Belyaeva VV; Routchkina YV; Pokrovsky VV; Russia AIDS Centre, Specialized Scientific Research Laboratory; for AIDS Epidemiology and Prevention, Moscow.
The relatively small number of people known to be infected with HIV in Russia together with the absence of large numbers of affected people does not help to increase awareness of HIV infection as a social problem. This results in almost non-existent organized care systems for psych
Fabris F; Sgarabotto D; Zanon E; Francavilla F; Zaggia F; Cadrobbi P; Girolami A; Fourth Chair of Internal Medicine, University of Padua Medical; School, Italy.
13 patients with HIV-related immune thrombocytopenia (HIV-ITP) and 10 patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (C-ITP) were treated with a single course of alpha-2b-Interferon (IFN 3 x 10(6) IU subcutaneously for 12 d). The patients had platelet counts lower than 40 x 10(9)/L and thrombocytopenia pers
Hemsell DL; Division of Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center, Dallas 75235-9032.
The advent of the AIDS epidemic coupled with enhanced recognition of the morbidity and mortality associated with occupationally acquired hepatitis B virus infection has resulted in a great interest in the epidemiologic characteristics of contact of surgical personnel with patient s blood and other bodily fluids in ass
Levels of understanding and knowledge regarding AIDS were investigated for medical personnel working at general hospitals with more than 100 beds in Mie Prefecture by means of a questionnaire during May to June, 1990. The questionnaire covered general knowledge of AIDS, psychological response, attitudes and actions ta
Kihara M; Imai M; Kondoh M; Watanabe S; Kihara M; Soda K; Department of Epidemiology, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research; Institute.
To investigate the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Japanese sexual workers, 191 out of 194 female prostitutes working in a certain district of the Tokyo metropolitan area were tested for anti-HCV, anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV), anti-HIV and anti-Treponema pallidu
Barnard MA; Public Health Research Unit, Glasgow, UK.
This paper looks at the social contexts within which needle sharing took place among a sample of Glasgow injectors. The intention is to show that needle sharing is rarely random but instead highly patterned and influenced by circumstance and social relationships. Gender can also be seen to have an important influence
Musci R; Meroni T; Andres M; De Cobelli O; Larcher P; Franchini V; Bovo G; II Clinica Urologica, Universita di Milano.
Infection by the HIV virus affects the urogenital system in a minor percentage of cases in comparison to other organs such as the lungs, the central nervous system and the haemolymphopoietic system. In recent years however, with the continued spread of the disease also urologists find themselves dealing with the vario
Franchi M; Salvatore S; Fasola M; Balestreri D; Scorbati E; Ospedale di Circolo, Varese, Italy.
From March 1991 to April 1992, in the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pavia-Varese, 107 out of 115 consecutive patients submitted to cesarean section were evaluated for the clinical and economic evaluation of infectious complications. On the grounds of our previous experience we distinguished two gro
Fortschr Med. 1993 May 30;111(15):255-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93321960
Stoll W; Klinik und Poliklinik fur Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde,; Universitat Munster, Westf.
Problem: A person s orientation in space-also of importance in road traffic-is largely dependent on hearing and sense of balance. These functions are subject to a physiological ageing process that needs to be taken into account. Major points: The effect of age and illness-related problems on a person s ability to cope
Muller JM; Ziegler-Heitbrock HW; Baeuerle PA; Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, Martinsried,; Germany.
Exposure of certain cell types to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), an inducible transcription factor. One of NF-kappa B s unique properties is its posttranslational activation via release of an inhibitory subunit, called inhibitor of NF-kappa B (I kappa B),
Miesel R; Zuber M; Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany.
Gel-filtered sera of patients with various inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic diseases (N = 354) were screened for the presence of the inflammation marker Cu-thionein. The concentrations of Cu-thionein were significantly diminished in patients with connective tissue diseases (P
Kuroda Y; Matsui M; Takashima H; Kurohara K; Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Neurology), Saga; Medical School, Japan.
Based on our previous finding of elevated interferon-gamma levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but not in serum, of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM), we assayed serum and CSF levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in
Martin-Bates E; Tanner A; Suvarna SK; Glazer G; Coleman DV; Department of Cytopathology, St Mary's Hospital, London.
The cytological diagnoses of 27 lymph node aspirates were compared with the histological diagnoses or clinical outcome in 23 HIV positive patients. There was agreement between the cytological and histological diagnoses in 14 of the 16 surgically biopsied cases. The clinical outcome in the remaining 11 cases was consis
Patronas NJ; Makariou EV; Department of Radiology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
OBJECTIVE: The sensitivity of medical imaging in the diagnosis of intracranial cryptococcosis is poor. MRI can provide additional information in establishing this diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present two cases of CNS cryptococcosis (HIV negative) studied by MRI and discuss the involvement of the ventricles and
Genta RM; Ramchandani MK; Gyorkey F; Buzanis CT; Lahart CJ; Department of Pathology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Houston, Texas 77030.
Enterovesical fistula associated with lymphoma is exceedingly rare. We report three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who presented with fecaluria and pneumaturia. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas involving the intestine and the urinary bladder creating an enterovesical fistula were found at surgery in two pat
Tilliss TS; Vojir CP; University of Colorado School of Dentistry, Department of Dental; Hygiene.
PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to assess the degree to which dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants could recognize possible HIV/AIDS-related intraoral lesions. Recognition of such lesions is important since they are often early manifestations of this disease. METHODS. Following a regional pilot st
Smith MD Jr; Nio M; Camel JE; Sato JK; Atkinson JB; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, CA; 90027.
Splenic abscess is an infrequent complication in the immunocompromised patient. Six patients underwent splenectomy for presumed splenic abscess from 1987 to 1991. Chemotherapy altered the immune system of four patients; the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rendered the other two vulnerable to infection. Five present
Gates HS Jr; Barker CD; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, East Carolina University; School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858-4354.
The association of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and pregnancy has become more common. This virus has become a factor in the social affairs of even small, rural communities. We present a case in which the diagnosis of HIV was made during admission for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). The patient s
Wyatt R; Sullivan N; Thali M; Repke H; Ho D; Robinson J; Posner M; Sodroski J; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Deletions of the major variable regions (V1/V2, V3, and V4) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 exterior envelope glycoprotein were created to study the role of these regions in function and antigenicity. Deletion of the V4 region disrupted processing of the envelope glycoprotein precursor. In con
Pardi D; Switzer WM; Hadlock KG; Kaplan JE; Lal RB; Folks TM; Retrovirus Diseases Branch, National Center of Infectious; Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta,; Georgia 30333.
The complete nucleotide sequence of a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) isolate from a Panamanian Guaymi Indian was determined and analyzed. When this new viral isolate (HTLV-IIG12) was compared with prototypic HTLV-IIMoT, the overall nucleotide sequence similarity was 95.4%, while the predicted amino
Morgan RA; Nussbaum O; Muenchau DD; Shu L; Couture L; Anderson WF; Molecular Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood; Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
A series of Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MuLV) envelope gene constructs were analyzed for biological activity. Three classes of recombinant envelopes were examined: insertions, deletions, and chimeras. Insertion (4 to 5 amino acids) and deletion (31 to 62 amino acids) mutants spanned most of the SU (gp70)-coding
Wolffe EJ; Isaacs SN; Moss B; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The structure, formation, and function of the virion membranes are among the least well understood aspects of vaccinia virus replication. In this study, we investigated the role of gp42, a glycoprotein component of the extracellular enveloped form of vaccinia virus (EEV) encoded by the B5R gene. The B5R gene was delet
Kjems J; Sharp PA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) encodes a regulatory protein, Rev, which is required for cytoplasmic expression of incompletely spliced viral mRNA. Rev binds to a cis-acting Rev-responsive element (RRE) located within the env region of HIV-1. It has previously been shown that a 17-amino-acid peptide, corre
Anderson S; Shugars DC; Swanstrom R; Garcia JV; Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's; Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38101.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nef gene was originally described as a negative regulator of transcription from the viral long terminal repeat promoter. This observation has been disputed, and the function of Nef remains unclear. In vivo experiments have indicated that an intact nef gene is required fo
von Schwedler U; Song J; Aiken C; Trono D; Infectious Disease Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla,; California 92037-1099.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vif gene encodes a 23-kDa protein of unknown function, also produced by most other known lentiviruses. Vif was found to be essential for the spread of HIV-1 in peripheral blood lymphocytes and in primary macrophages, as well as in some but not all established T-cell line
Morphogenesis of retroviruses involves assembly of the structural Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins with subsequent budding of the virus particle from the plasma membrane and proteolytic cleavage by the viral proteinase. The matrix (MA) domain, representing the N-terminal segment of Gag, plays a critical role in this proce
The trans-activator response region (TAR) RNA in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 long terminal repeat forms stem-loop secondary structures in which the loop sequence is essential for trans activation. We investigated how the HIV trans-activation mechanism encoded on human chromosome 12 relate
Bogerd HP; Fridell RA; Blair WS; Cullen BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710.
The formation of dimers or higher-order multimers is critical to the biological activity of many eukaryotic regulatory proteins. However, biochemical analyses of the multimerization capacity of the Tat trans activator of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 (HIV-1) and 2 (HIV-2) have yielded contradictory results. We
Hannibal MC; Markovitz DM; Clark N; Nabel GJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical; Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0650.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 enhancers are induced differentially by physiologic T-cell activation signals. In contrast to that of HIV-1, HIV-2 transcription was quite responsive to stimulation of T cells by antigen presentation but weakly induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha. Like tumor
Maldarelli F; Chen MY; Willey RL; Strebel K; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein is a 16-kDa phosphoprotein which enhances the efficiency of virion production and induces rapid degradation of CD4, the cellular receptor for human immunodeficiency virus. The topology of membrane-inserted Vpu was investigated by using in vitro-synthesized Vpu cotran
Sato T; Hino N; Ono T; Makimoto K; Tada S; Takashashi K; Kimura I; Department of Internal Medicine, Kure Kyosai Hospital, Hiroshima,; Japan.
A 37-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the complaints of cough, lymph node swelling. Chest X-ray film showed diffuse small nodular shadows in the bilateral lower lung fields. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed an increased proportion of lymphocytes (71%) with low OKT4/T8 ratio (0.26). Lung tissue bio
Carcaba V; Fernandez E; Rodriguez Junquera M; Garcia Amorin Z; Alfonso J; Garcia Alonso S; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Valle del Nalon,; Riano, Langreo, Asturias.
BACKGROUND: The presence of immunoglobulins in saliva has allowed it to be proven that they are specific against certain antigens. Antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been observed in saliva. The aim of this study was to evaluate the detection of the same by commercial enzymoinmmunoassay (EIA) an
Oteo Revuelta JA; Elias Calvo C; Martinez de Artola V; Perez Surribas D; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de La Rioja, Logrono.
BACKGROUND: Given that Lyme s disease and HIV infection may present with similar clinical symptoms and that the serologic tests for the determination of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi present frequent false positives, the presence of antibodies against B. burgdorferi in patients with HIV in different evolutiv
OBJECTIVE: to investigate the attitudes of parturient women to HIV antibody testing in the antenatal clinic. DESIGN; anonymous self completion questionnaire. SUBJECTS: 318 women attending antenatal clinic for their first booking appointment. SETTINGS: a central London hospital, UK. RESULTS: 58% of the women felt that
Pietsch K; Jacobs E; Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of; Freiburg, Germany.
BALB/c mice were intranasally infected or intraperitoneally inoculated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae whole cells or were immunized with the isolated adhesin (P1 protein). Spleen cells were isolated and tested in vitro for proliferation activity after stimulation with the P1 protein and sonicated M. pneumoniae whole antig
The second version of the contaminated-blood trial in the French courts leaves the suspicion that those sent to jail are a subset of those who might have been so dealt with.
Greenblatt J; Nodwell JR; Mason SW; Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of; Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Antiterminator proteins control gene expression by recognizing control signals near the promoter and preventing transcriptional termination which would otherwise occur at sites that may be a long way downstream. The N protein of bacteriophage lambda recognizes a sequence in the nascent RNA, and modifies RNA polymerase
The appearance of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as well as thymopoietin (TP3) treatment in a patient who has undergone thymectomy because of myasthenia gravis (MG) is described. To the authors knowledge this is the first case of this treatment upon the diagnoses above. The therapy was performed for 12 weeks by t
Daleine G; Salmon D; Lucet JF; Longuet P; Bouchaud O; Chochillon C; Le Bras J; Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Hopital Bichat-Claude; Bernard, Paris, France.
Prevalence of aspergillosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is unknown. Mycologic findings in bronchopulmonary specimens from 614 HIV-positive patients sent to a parasitology laboratory between June 1, 1989 and May 31, 1991 were analyzed retrospectively; medical records of Aspergillus
X Ma MY; McCallum K; Climie SC; Kuperman R; Lin WC; Sumner-Smith M; Barnett RW; Allelix Biopharmaceuticals Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
We recently developed an approach which allows rapid generation of short, double-stranded oligonucleotides whereby one end of the duplex was joined and stabilized by a synthetic linker of specific design (miniduplexes)(6). Model miniduplexes based on the HIV-1 TAR RNA hairpin were shown to be thermodynamically stable
Shimayama T; Nishikawa F; Nishikawa S; Taira K; National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology, Agency of; Industrial Science & Technology, MITI, Tsukuba Science City,; Japan.
Hammerhead ribozymes are considered to be potential therapeutic agents for HIV virus because of their site-specific RNA cleavage activities. In order to elucidate structure--function relationship and also to hopefully endow ribozymes with resistance to ribonucleases, we firstly synthesized chimeric DNA/RNA ribozymes i
Homann M; Tzortzakaki S; Rittner K; Sczakiel G; Tabler M; Forschungsschwerpunkt Angewandte Tumorvirologie, Deutsches; Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany.
The catalytic domain of a hammerhead ribozyme was incorporated into a 413 nucleotides long antisense RNA directed against the 5 -leader/gag region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (pos. +222 to +634). The resulting catalytic antisense RNA was shown to cleave its target RNA in vitro specifically at ph
Yang Z; Engel JD; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology,; Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3500.
A family of transcriptional activating proteins, the GATA factors, has been shown to bind to a consensus motif through a highly conserved C4 zinc finger DNA binding domain. One member of this multigene family, GATA-3, is most abundantly expressed in T lymphocytes, a cellular target for human immunodeficiency virus typ
Pathol Res Pract. 1993 Apr;189(3):249-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93324476
Ferracini R; Pileri S; Bergmann M; Sabattini E; Rigobello L; Gambacorta M; Galli C; Manetto V; Frank G; Godano U; et al; Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
We report on data gathered from five European centres regarding 147 primary non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (NHLs) of the Central Nervous System (CNS) in HIV-negative patients. The results lead us to make the following considerations: i) there has been a significant and progressive increase in the frequency of observation of th
A vector projection method is proposed to predict the cleavability of oligopeptides by extended-specificity site proteases. For an enzyme with eight specificity subsites the substrate octapeptide can be uniquely expressed as a vector in an 8-dimensional space, whose eight bases correspond to the amino acids at the eig
Oswalt R; Matsen K; Department of Psychology, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY; 12866-1632.
To evaluate compliance with the suggestion that condoms be used during risky sexual activity, 206 college students use of condoms during genital and anal sex was surveyed. Analysis indicated that 78% engaged in genital intercourse, and while 20% always used a condom, 44% used condoms less than half the time. Of the 1
Chliaoutakis J; Socrataki F; Darviri C; Gousgounis N; Trakas D; Department of Health Visiting, Technological Educational; Institution (TEI) of Athens, Greece.
A prospective research project on health education about AIDS is being conducted in the Greater Athens area. In the first phase of the project, information was collected concerning the knowledge and attitudes about AIDS of a sample of the population. The results indicated that, in general, the population was moderatel
Soc Work Health Care. 1993;18(2):109-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93324953
Egan M; School of Social Work, University of Iowa, Iowa City.
Hospital social work practice with AIDS patients has been described as difficult and linked to burnout. The need to help workers cope, reduce burnout and, thus, conserve needed social workers prompted this study of 128 hospital AIDS social workers. Potency, a resilience factor combining mastery, beliefs about self and
Soc Work Health Care. 1993;18(2):63-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93324956
Gallo-Silver L; Raveis VH; Moynihan RT; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
Clinical data on all non-hemophiliac adult cases of transfusion-induced HIV infection (TI-HIV) referred for treatment to the Infectious Disease Service at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1987 to 1989 (N = 20) provided an opportunity to investigate the social and psychological impact of transfusion-induc
Soc Work Health Care. 1993;18(2):75-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93324957
Bonuck KA; Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY 10467-2490.
AIDS has touched the nation s families on a number of levels. More than a decade into the epidemic, it is clear that the cultural, psychosocial, and functional impact of AIDS stretches beyond that on our traditional concept of kin to a broader view of family. At the cultural level AIDS has challenged our notions of wh
Tex Dent J. 1993 Feb;110(2):5-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93324976
Lynch DP; Grimes RM; Brimlow DL; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dental; Branch.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are significant public health problems in Texas. This paper summarizes the most recent information on HIV infection and AIDS from global, national, and state perspectives. Current information on the manifestations of HIV in
Eisenstaedt RS; Glanz K; Smith DG; Derstine T; Department of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine,; Philadelphia, PA.
Ninety-two hospitals in a three-state mid-Atlantic region were surveyed to determine their policy toward obtaining written informed consent for transfusion and to examine the content of written consent documents and the process by which consent is obtained. Of 81 hospitals responding, 50 (62%) required written informe
DePalma L; Luban NL; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Medical; Center, Washington, D.C.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type I and/or II (HTLV-I/II) may be transmitted by the transfusion of blood and blood components. Several factors are critical to the efficiency of transmission. These include the number of contaminating white cells, the component volume, and the age of the component. After look-back notific
Sullivan MT; Williams AE; Fang CT; Notari EP; Poiesz BJ; Ehrlich GD; American Red Cross Blood Services, Jerome H. Holland Laboratory,; Rockville, Maryland.
Interviews and laboratory testing were conducted for 168 contacts referred by former blood donors identified as seropositive for antibody to human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) or type II (HTLV-II). Thirty-two (28%) of 114 heterosexual contacts of seropositive donors, including 12 women and 20 men, were found t
Chemico-enzymatic synthesis and cloning of genes coding viral proteins--precursors of p50 and gp120 in the eukaryotic vector system were carried out. The recombinant proteins obtained were shown to be used in immunochemical evaluation of AIDS virus antibodies in blood serum.
Kinnunen E; Muller K; Keto P; Ketonen L; Helve T; Sepponen R; Department of Neurology, Hyvinkaa Hospital, Finland.
Three patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of both multiple sclerosis (MS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined clinically, immunologically and by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In all three patients MRI showed several high-signal lesions compatible with MS and, additionally, non-specific sma
Elovaara I; Nykyri E; Poutiainen E; Hokkanen L; Raininko R; Suni J; Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
Ninety-nine sequential cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 28 human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-infected patients were analyzed during the follow-up of 9 months to 4 years. Intrathecal synthesis of HIV-antibodies and IgG (p
George JC; Caldemeyer KS; Smith RR; Czaja JT; Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine,; University Hospital, Indianapolis 46202-5253.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Jun;48(6):803-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93325764
Sugimoto M; Imamura F; Matsumoto M; Sonoda E; Cho I; Ando M; First Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University School; of Medicine, Japan.
It has been shown that T lymphocyte alveolitis occurs in patients with human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). To determine whether HTLV-1-specific antibodies were present in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, we investigated 15 patients with HAM/TSP, f
Alak JI; Shahbazian M; Huang DS; Wang Y; Darban H; Jenkins EM; Watson RR; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arizona Health; Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
The effects of inoculation of LP-BM5 murine leukemia retrovirus and chronic ethanol (5% v/v) ingestion on immunomodulation and Cryptosporidium parvum infection in C57BL/6 female mice were evaluated. The intestinal mucosae of retrovirally immunosuppressed animals were heavily colonized by Cryptosporidium parasites, and
el-Bassel N; Schilling RF; Turnbull JE; Su KH; Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY 10025.
This study examines the predictors of alcoholism among 201 patients from three methadone maintenance treatment programs (MMTPs) in New York City. Using the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test, one-fifth of the sample met criteria for alcohol dependence. Few subjects were currently enrolled in any form of chemical dependen
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1993 Jul;20(9):1133-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93325994
Azuma A; Kudoh S; 4th Dept. of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School.
AIDS has become a problem for not only researchers and medical staff but also for humankind, since its discovery 10 years ago. To prevent and control AIDS, one must understand the pathology of HIV infection, which is the cause of AIDS, in addition to mass education on correct measures for prophylaxis. In this review,
Brenner BE; Kauffman J; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles,; CA.
BACKGROUND: Physicians and nurses constitute a major part of citizen cardiopulmonary resuscitation responders and serve as educators and resource personnel concerning cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We decided to determine if fear of infectious disease has dampened physician and nurse response to perform mouth-to-mouth
Kuzmic P; Garcia-Echeverria C; Rich DH; School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
Upon the binding of a synthetic nonapeptide substrate, the catalytically active dimeric form of HIV proteinase is strongly stabilized against dissociation into inactive subunits. The dissociation of the ternary Michaelis complex into protein monomers is immeasurably low (apparent dissociation constant in the picomolar
Ghosh J; Miller RA; Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Suramin has long been used for the treatment of Gambian and Rhodesian trypanosomiasis and oncocerciasis. More recently, the demonstration that suramin inhibits DNA polymerases, reverse transcriptase and the lymphocyte terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase has led to its clinical trials for the treatment of AIDS and ca
Tuberculosis continues to be one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the developed and developing countries. There are more than 5000 cases of active open tuberculous lung disease in Germany . Worldwide approximately 10 million persons get tuberculous infections each
Causative agents of intestinal infections in humans are about 10 pathogenic or facultative pathogenic species of protozoa of which Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium parvum and Enterozytozoon bieneusi are discussed. G. lamblia from humans is morphologically indistinguishable from Giardia isolates
Bergler R; Abt. Sozial- und Organisationspsychologie, Universitat Bonn.
The demographic development, advances in medicine and also the increase in AIDS and paraplegia at an early age means that we must assume approximately two million people in Germany requiring care and attention or nursing on a longterm basis. Object of the explorative pilot-study i
Moyle G; Youle M; Barton S; Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, Kobler Centre, St; Stephen's Clinic, London.
Kaposi s sarcoma is a common tumour in HIV-infected patients, frequently involving the oropharynx. Conventional treatment with radiotherapy is efficacious, but causes considerable discomfort. This paper illustrates a new technique of local injection of vinblastine into oral lesions, which combines satisfactory palliat
An Med Interna. 1993 Jun;10(6):265-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93326694
Martinez Vazquez C; de la Fuente J; Rivera A; Sopena B; Bordon J; Ocampo A; Alvarez M; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Xeral de Vigo,; Pontevedra.
Cryptococcosis is the fourth cause of infection of the Central Nervous System in patients with infection by HIV. Despite this fact, the series published in our country are referred to a limited number of cases. We describe the most relevant characteristics of 13 patients with meningitis by Cryptococcus neoformans. We
An Med Interna. 1993 Jun;10(6):271-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93326695
Querol JM; Oltra C; Granda D; Alonso MC; Climent JL; Labrador T; Minguez J; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Lluis Alcanyis, Xativa,; Valencia.
We conducted a prospective study in order to assess the use of the ELISA method (Anda-Tb) for the detection of antibodies IgG and IgM against antigen 60 in mycobacterias for the initial diagnosis of thoracic tuberculosis. 215 serum samples from 44 patients with tuberculosis and 171 control cases were studied. The thre
There is a distinct spectrum of infectious diseases in prisons, known as desmoteric infections. We investigated the incidence of HIV, hepatitis A, B, and C in a group of 539 prisoners and compared them with the incidences of these infections in the normal population. The incidence of HIV was 928 out of 100,000. This f
Retinal diseases are the most frequent and most important ocular manifestations in AIDS. Electrophysiological changes can already be found in early stages of AIDS without funduscopic lesions and are a sign of damage to the retinal receptors and ganglion cells. HIV retinopathy (cotton-wool spots, retinal hemorrhages, m
Garweg J; Olszowski W; Knospe V; Stoehr A; Plettenberg A; Albrecht H; Stellbrink HJ; Weitner L; Dietrich M; Universitats-Augenklinik Bern.
The prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus retinitis reactivation is effective in reducing the risk of blindness and in prolonging the remission interval and time of survival if given daily throughout life. In this study, a newly developed therapeutic regimen with 3 infusions a week was co
Anesthesia personnel are at risk for exposure to many potentially infectious organisms, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the blood of patients whose blood-borne pathogen status is unknown. This article describes three strategies for reducing risks of occupational exposure
Br Med Bull. 1993 Apr;49(2):394-411. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327146
Mulhall BP; University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Sexually transmissible diseases (STDs) continue to be the most common notifiable infectious conditions worldwide. Their unacceptably high incidence is underlined by the recent emergence of a (presently) incurable and lethal STD, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which merits its description as a pandemic,
Br Med Bull. 1993 Apr;49(2):412-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327147
Conlon CP; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford,; UK.
Increasing numbers of immunocompromised people are travelling abroad to areas where the risks of some infections are increased. HIV positive people respond reasonably well to most vaccines when asymptomatic but response is less predictable when symptomatic disease is present. Generally, live vaccines should be avoided
Gue JW; Wang SJ; Lin YY; Liao KK; Wong WW; Neurological Institute, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taiwan,; R.O.C.
Tabes dorsalis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is extremely rare. This is a report of a 36-year-old male who had developed unsteady gait for 4 months. Tabes dorsalis was diagnosed by clinical manifestation and CSF examination. HIV antibody was proved by Western blotting. HIV accelerates an
Can J Public Health. 1993 Mar-Apr;84(2):128-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327287
Soto JC; Levy MD; Allard R; Franco EL; Department of Community Health, Hopital Saint-Luc, Montreal,; Quebec, Laval.
This study was conducted to assess concerns regarding AIDS and to identify determinants of poor preventive behaviour among dentists. Questionnaires were distributed to a random sample of 342 professionals. Respondents showed the lowest knowledge scores on topics dealing with symptoms, epidemiology and AIDS control. Th
Iwanaga K; Mori K; Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki-Rosai Hospital.
We reported a 37-year-old woman showing HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) with flutter-like oscillation of the eyes. She had a 15-year history of spastic paraplegia and noticed visual quaking at the age of 37 years. On neurological examination, she showed spasticity in both lower extremities, hyperreflexia in the ext
Kataoka A; Imai H; Inayoshi S; Tsuda T; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Oita Medical University.
The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of intermittent high-dose vitamin C therapy in patients with HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM). Seven HAM patients (4 men and 3 women, aged 36 to 81 years), who were repeatedly given a daily oral dose of 1.5 to 3.0 g of vitamin C (40 mg/kg/day) for 3 to 5
Cakaloglu Y; Marinos G; Marsden J; Peters TJ; Williams R; Tredger JM; Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, U.K.
1. Cyclosporin A absorption was examined after the instillation of approximately 2 mg/kg into four segments (mean length 15 cm) of rat small bowel, isolated in situ in fed Wistar female rats: SI (duodenum and proximal jejunum distal to the common bile duct); SII (distal jejunum); SIII (proximal ileum) and SIV (distal
Ear Nose Throat J. 1993 May;72(5):362-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327732
Trimas SJ; Stringer SP; Jordan JR; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Florida College of; Medicine, Gainesville 32610.
We have presented an uncommon case of a low-grade malignant schwannoma arising in the ethmoid sinus in a patient with AIDS. The use of the nasal endoscope provides a safe, expedient way to diagnose nasal and paranasal sinus neoplasms. This case demonstrates that peripheral nerve sheath tumors must be included in the d
Lombardi V; Caniglia M; Scarlatti G; Jansson M; Plebani A; D'Argenio P; Scaccia S; Wigzell H; Rossi P; Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
The presence of specific IgA antibodies in sera from 25 infants born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers was investigated by peptide-ELISA and peptide time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay (TR-FIA). The infants had been monitored at different times after birth for clinical signs and/or symptoms of HIV-1 infection and for detecti
Stahle L; Department of Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Microdialysis is a method by which the extracellular fluid from almost any organ or fluid compartment can be sampled without loss of volume for long periods of time. By this method direct access is gained to previously intractable fluid spaces such as the brain extracellular fluid and the mechanisms of transfer over,
FEBS Lett. 1993 Jul 26;327(2):213-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327943
Hayashi T; Ueno Y; Okamoto T; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo, Japan.
A region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genomic RNA known to interact with the viral nucleocapsid protein is one of the crucial components for retroviral genomic RNA packaging. We have investigated the secondary structure for this RNA packaging signal of HIV-1 using RNA mapping techniques and extensive
Cronberg S; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Lund, Malmo; General Hospital, Sweden.
Syphilis appeared in Sweden in 1497. It was recognized as a sexually transmitted disease that rapidly spread in the upper classes and later to the poor. It ravaged the country in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. At that time the concept of venereal disease included all sexu
Ross JD; Scott GR; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary,; UK.
AIM--To assess the relationship between national and local media campaigns with respect to the number of patients requesting HIV antibody tests as a surrogate marker of the effectiveness of different campaign strategies. METHODS--Analysis by month of the numbers of HIV tests performed in the regional genitourinary (GU
Grant A; von Schoenberg M; Grant HR; Miller RF; Department of Medicine, Ferens Institute University College and; Middlesex School of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London.
OBJECTIVE--To investigate the prevalence of radiologically-diagnosed paranasal sinus disease in HIV-1 seropositive patients. SUBJECTS AND SETTING--476 patients admitted to a dedicated inpatient unit for HIV and AIDS at the Middlesex Hospital, London, between September 1988 and February 1992. DESIGN--Retrospective revi
Puppin D Jr; Cavegn BM; Dermatologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Escola de Medicina Santa; Casa de Misericordia (EMESCAM) Vitoria-ES, Brasilien.
Bacillary angiomatosis is a newly recognized pseudoneoplastic vascular disease seen in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The disease is characterized by a cutaneous infection with reddish papules or nodules that are similar to pyogenic granulomas or Kaposi s sarcoma in clinical appearance. I
Buechner SA; Winkelmann RK; Lautenschlager S; Gilli L; Rufli T; Department of Dermatology, University of Basel, Switzerland.
BACKGROUND: Recent reports have implicated Borrelia burgdorferi infection as a possible cause of localized scleroderma (LS). OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the clinical, histologic, and immunopathologic features of patients with LS who had serum antibodies to B. burgdorferi. METHODS: Ten patients were examined
Meola T; Soter NA; Ostreicher R; Sanchez M; Moy JA; Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University; School of Medicine, NY.
BACKGROUND: In patients with psoriasis and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, therapeutic options may be limited by their potential immunosuppressive effects. UVB radiation can activate HIV-1 gene expression in transgenic mice and in vitro. It is not known whether this viral activation leads to a c
Rosenstein DI; Riviere GR; Elott KS; Department of Public Health Dentistry at Oregon Health Sciences; University, Portland 97201-3097.
This study examines plaque for the presence of a recently described oral spirochete, tentatively called pathogen-related oral spirochete. This investigation found PROS in plaque of patients with HIV-associated periodontal disease.
In general, it has proven difficult to induce CTL responses using simple proteins or peptides without resorting to specialized adjuvants. In this study we show that particulate polymeric Ag in the form of hybrid Ty virus-like particles carrying the V3 region of HIV-1 gp120/160 envelope protein (V3:Ty-VLP) induce V3-sp
Blackman MA; Smith HP; Le P; Woodland DL; Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,; Memphis, TN 38105.
Previous analyses of a TCR V beta 8.1 transgenic mouse revealed multiple mechanisms of tolerance to the retroviral superantigen, Mls-1. Whereas some T cells were clonally deleted in the thymus, others became anergic in the periphery, or remained unaffected by the expression of Mls-1. In addition, a strong correlation
J Immunol. 1993 Aug 1;151(3):1365-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93329116
Gustafsson K; Germana S; Sundt TM 3d; Sachs DH; LeGuern C; Transplantation Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General; Hospital, Boston 02129.
MHC class II polymorphism is well documented whereas only minimal polymorphism has been reported for the CD4 molecule with which it interacts. We report on the structural basis of an allelic polymorphism of the CD4 molecule in miniature swine. Eleven of 13 nucleotide differences between the 2 alleles cause amino acid
J Immunol. 1993 Aug 1;151(3):1528-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93329134
Manjunath N; Johnson RS; Staunton DE; Pasqualini R; Ardman B; Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center Hospitals,; Boston, Massachusetts 02111.
CD43 is a major leukocyte surface glycoprotein thought to have important functions for T lymphocyte adhesion and activation. We investigated the function of CD43 by using gene targeting to eliminate CD43 expression in the human T lymphocyte line CEM and then testing their adhesive phenotype. Loss of CD43 expression by
J Immunol. 1993 Aug 1;151(3):1646-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93329146
Haynes BF; Torres JV; Langlois AJ; Bolognesi DP; Gardner MB; Palker TJ; Scearce RM; Jones DM; Moody MA; McDanal C; et al; Department of Medicine, Duke University Arthritis Center, Durham,; NC.
We have tested synthetic peptides composed of Th (T1) and V3 loop B cell neutralizing determinants [SP10 MN(A)] of HIVMN gp120 and the fusogenic (F) domain of gp41 as immunogens in rhesus monkeys. After two immunizations with either HIV env peptide T1-SP10 MN(A) or F-T1-SP10 MN(A), rhesus monkey serum neutralization t
J Immunol. 1993 Aug 1;151(3):1673-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93329149
Lairmore MD; Cuthbert PS; Utley LL; Morgan CJ; Dezzutti CS; Anderson CL; Sedmak DD; Center for Retrovirus Research, Ohio State University, Columbus; 43210.
CD4 is a 55-kDa glycoprotein that serves as an important cellular differentiation Ag and cell signaling protein on T lymphocytes, as well as a principal receptor for HIV-1 on a variety of cell types including lymphocytes. CD4 receptor expression in syncytiotrophoblasts, the principal cellular barrier in the human plac
J Immunol. 1993 Aug 1;151(3):1702-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93329152
Pascual M; Duchosal MA; Steiger G; Giostra E; Pechere A; Paccaud JP; Danielsson C; Schifferli JA; Laboratory of Immunonephrology, Centre Medical Universitaire,; Geneva, Switzerland.
C receptor type 1 (CR1, CD35) is present in a soluble form in plasma (sCR1). Soluble CR1 was measured with a specific ELISA assay in normal individuals and in patients with different diseases. The mean serum concentration of sCR1 in 31 normal donors was 31.4 +/- 7.8 ng/ml, and was identical in plasma. An increase in s
Henrard D; Fauvel M; Samson J; Delage G; Boucher M; Hankins C; Stephens J; Lapointe N; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064.
In a cohort of infants born to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected mothers, changes in the levels of HIV-1 specific antibodies were measured during the first year of life. In uninfected children, the level of antibodies to six HIV-1 antigens (gp120, p66, p41, p31, p24, and p17) decreased continuously
Cheingsong-Popov R; Bobkov A; Garaev MM; Kaleebu P; Callow D; Rzhiminova A; Saukhat SR; Burdajev NP; Kolomijets ND; Weber JN; Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine and Communicable Diseases,; St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Serologic V3 loop peptide-binding assays have been used to predict divergent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains from the Commonwealth of Independent States (former Soviet Union) that have been subsequently confirmed by sequencing of the V3 region. Initial screening was done by MN V3 peptide binding; 1
el-Daher N; Keefer MC; Reichman RC; Dolin R; Roberts NJ Jr; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of; Medicine, NY 14642.
Mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) were obtained from vaccina-naive, non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected subjects who were vaccinated with HIV-1-derived recombinant (r) live vaccina-gp160, 4 of whom were boosted 1-2 years later with purified rgp160. MNL obtained after receipt of the vaccinia-gp160 alone showed p
Farzadegan H; Vlahov D; Solomon L; Munoz A; Astemborski J; Taylor E; Burnley A; Nelson KE; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
The frequency of serologically undetected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among a large cohort of seronegative intravenous drug users (IVDUs) was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In total, 2159 blood specimens were obtained from 945 seronegative IVDUs; of these, 182 had 1 specimen,
Dukes CS; Matthews TJ; Weinberg JB; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects mononuclear phagocytes, cells that may serve as a reservoir for viral persistence. Infection with HIV-1 leads to progressive compromise of the immune system, resulting in infections with opportunistic pathogens and eventual death. Experiments were designed to determi
Powderly WG; Robinson K; Keath EJ; Division of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis VA Medical Center,; Missouri.
The causative strains in 22 patients with recurrent oral candidiasis were examined using two DNA probes (a Histoplasma capsulatum DNA probe that cross-hybridizes with Candida albicans and a C. albicans strain-specific probe derived from repetitive sequence DNA). C. albicans was the causative organism in all 22 initial
Sippola AA; Gillespie SL; Lewis JA; Daniel TM; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of; Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
A 22,500-Da antigen apparently specific to Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum has been identified by Western immunoblotting. By use of a dot immunoassay, this antigen was found in the urine of 64% of patients with AIDS and disseminated M. avium disease. It was not found i
Velez JD; Allendoerfer R; Luther M; Rinaldi MG; Graybill JR; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science; Center, San Antonio.
Correlations between in vitro susceptibility and in vivo responses to fluconazole were sought in a mouse model of cryptococcal meningitis. Twenty clinical isolates were used. Two distinct populations were noted. Eight high-virulence isolates had an LD50 of
J Math Biol. 1993;31(5):529-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93329325
Heesterbeek JA; Metz JA; Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI), Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
In this note we show how to derive, by a mechanistic argument, an expression for the saturating contact rate of individual contacts in a population that mixes randomly. The main assumption is that the individual interaction times are typically short as compared to the time-scale of changes in, for example, individual-
Szabo B; Locardi C; Lo Presti E; Belardelli F; Benedetto A; Department of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.
Sera of 40 intravenous drug addicts [25 seropositive and 15 seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)] were tested for the presence of cytotoxic antibodies against uninfected and HIV-infected monocytic U937 cells. Six of the 25 seropositive samples proved to be cytotoxic for HIV-infected target cells in the
Chehimi J; Prakash K; Shanmugam V; Collman R; Jackson SJ; Bandyopadhyay S; Starr SE; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Joseph; Stokes Jr Research Institute, Children's Hospital of; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.
Dendritic cells (DC) are members of a distinct family of bone marrow-derived leukocytes. DC are potent accessory cells for a number of T cell-mediated immune responses, including autologous and allogeneic mixed leukocyte reactions, and mitogen- and antigen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation. In the present study, DC
Araujo A de C; Afonso CR; Schor D; Andrada-Serpa MJ; HTLV-Associated Neuropathies Research Unit, Evandro Chagas; Hospital, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
In order to find clinical findings that could significantly discriminate between HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and HTLV-I negative spastic paraparesis of obscure origin (SPOneg) prior to serological testing, and to find risk factors significantly associated with HAM/TSP we devised
Grimaldi LM; Luzi L; Martino GV; Furlan R; Nemni R; Antonelli A; Canal N; Pozza G; Department of Neurology, University of Milan, Istituto; Scientifico S. Raffaele, Italy.
A 21-year-old HIV-1 seropositive African man developed an acute febrile illness followed by a sudden sensorineural bilateral hearing loss. Neurophysiological studies demonstrated the bilateral involvement of both branches of the vestibulocochlear cranial nerves. Immunological studies revealed the presence of an ongoin
Mohan P; Wong MF; Verma S; Huang PP; Wickramasinghe A; Baba M; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of; Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago 60680.
Symmetric bis(naphthalenesulfonic acid) derivatives containing a variety of spacers have been synthesized and evaluated for anti-HIV-1 activity in four assay systems. In the assay that measured inhibition of HIV-1-induced cytopathogenicity using a laboratory strain (HTLV-IIIB), a hexamethylene and octamethylene spacer
JAMA. 1993 Aug 11;270(6):725-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93329755
Walter HJ; Vaughan RD; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the effectiveness of a teacher-delivered curriculum in favorably modifying acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)--related knowledge and beliefs, self-efficacy related to AIDS-preventive actions, and involvement in AIDS risk behaviors among an eligible population of 1316 New York City high sc
Earl DT; Department of Family Medicine, James H. Quillen College of; Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City.
HIV infection is a growing problem for primary care physicians in that the coming of adolescents to clinics for primary care may not clearly demark members of a high-risk group. Therefore, clinicians need to be familiar with the risk categories and question the patients as to high-risk activities in order to determine
Fisher D; McCarry F; Currie B; Menzies School of Health Research, Casuarina, NT.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and laboratory features and management of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in the Top End of the Northern Territory. DESIGN: A 12-month retrospective review of clinical records of patients confirmed on stool microscopy to be infected with S. stercoralis. SETTING: The Royal Darwin
Although refraining from intercourse with infected partners remains the most effective strategy for preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), the Public Health Service also has recommended condom use as part of its strategy. Since CDC summarized the effecti
Bujia J; Meyer H; Hammer C; Wilmes E; Gurtler L; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig Maximilians University; of Munich, FRG.
The use of cartilage allografts is being discussed because of the possible transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To further delineate the possibility for an HIV infection of cartilage cells the susceptibility and permissivity of normal human chondrocytes to HIV-1 was assessed in culture. Isolated car
Cupp C; Taylor JP; Khalili K; Amini S; Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is often complicated with a high incidence of neurologic disorders. It is believed that HIV-1, in addition to infecting both macroglial and microglial cells, may influence the expression of s
Dean E; Ross J; School of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of British; Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE. Although canes are among the most commonly used mobility aids, little is known about the relationship between cane prescription and effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among cane fitting (ie, cane fitter, cane band, and cane length), reported improvements i
Carcaba V; Carton JA; Moris J; Garcia Amorin Z; Garcia Clemente M; Rodriguez Junquera M; Alfonso Megido J; Maradona JA; Arribas JM; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina de Oviedo,; Hospital Valle del Nalon, Langreo.
Tuberculosis is currently one the more frequent opportunistic infections in patients infected by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in our setting. Its extrapulmonary localization is considered as diagnostic of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). We have evaluated the epidemiological, clinical, microbiologi
Volkow P; Ponce de Leon S; Calva J; Ruiz-Palacios G; Mohar A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de; Cancerologia, Mexico, D.F.
There is very little information on the clinical spectrum and the incubation period among AIDS patients in Latin America. This study reports the clinical spectrum, survival, and the incubation period for a group of Mexican patients infected with HIV-1 as a result of contaminated blood transfusion. We analyzed data fro
Torres M; Diaz H; Herrera T; Sada E; Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Nacional de; Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico DF.
This study evaluates the use of a enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis and it compares it with a complement fixation test. The results showed a sensitivity of 86% in this diagnosis of acute pulmonary histoplasmosis and specificity of 91% using anti-human IgG. For antihuman IgM
In 10 children infected by HIV at birth, who presented early and severe immunodeficiency encephalopathy, the lesions observed in the central nervous system were different from those found in adults. Using standard neuropathological techniques, the main abnormalities were white matter palor and atrophy, pyramidal tract
Eskild A; Magnus P; Samuelsen SO; Sohlberg C; Kittelsen P; Seksjon for epidemiologi, Statens Institutt for Folkehelse, Oslo.
In order to study mortality and causes of death among intravenous drug users in Oslo, 1,009 (829 HIV negative and 180 HIV positive) intravenous drug users were followed from their first HIV test for a mean period of 36 months (range 1-67 months). 87 (55 HIV negatives and 32 HIV positives) died during the follow-up per
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Mar-Apr;87(2):181-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93331577
Sterne JA; Turner AC; Connell JA; Parry JV; Fine PE; Ponnighaus JM; Nyasulu S; Mkandwire PK; Communicable Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene; and Tropical Medicine, UK.
Testing for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in urine may be of use in epidemiological studies. We collected 336 paired urine and serum samples from subjects in Karonga District, northern Malawi : 86 (25.6%) of the serum samples were HIV positive. Serum results were
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Apr;87 Suppl 1:S19-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93331600
Garnett GP; Anderson RM; Parasite Epidemiology Research Group, Imperial College, London,; UK.
Much uncertainty surrounds the likely demographic impact of AIDS in the worst afflicted regions of the developing world such as sub-Saharan Africa. Various research groups have published projections of future trends but these differ widely with respect to potential impact on net population growth rates. Pessimistic fo
The first case with HIV-infection in Sweden was recognized in the beginning of the nineteen eighties. Since then 2972 cases have been identified. The purpose of this study was to investigate HIV-infected patients perception of their everyday life situation. Two questionnaires were
Joag SV; Anderson MG; Clements JE; McEntee MF; Sharma DP; Adams RJ; Narayan O; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Marion Merrell Dow Foundation,; Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7424.
Eight rhesus macaques inoculated with molecularly cloned SIVmac239 developed viremia and virus-binding antibodies, but only one (macaque 2D) developed neutralizing antibodies to the virus. Viremia persisted in macaque 2D even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies in the plasma collected f
LeGuern M; Shioda T; Levy JA; Cheng-Mayer C; Cancer Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates display differences in their patterns of replication in vitro. Previous studies with recombinant viruses generated between two sequential HIV-1 isolates that differ in replication rates have shown that the determinant for this biological property maps to a region of
Spear GT; Takefman DM; Sullivan BL; Landay AL; Jennings MB; Carlson JR; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush Medical School,; Chicago, Illinois 60612.
Previous studies show that immunization of macaques with preparations of either human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) that has been produced in human cells can induce antibodies against both viral antigens and human cellular antigens. This is due to the fact that certain host cell a
The observation that microglial cells in brain tissue are probably a major target for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has raised interest in the pathogenic role of this cell population for the development of neuro-AIDS. Since it is very difficult to obtain microglia from normal or diseased human brain we
Connor LM; Oxman MN; Brady JN; Marriott SJ; Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine,; Houston, Texas 77030.
The Tax1 protein of the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) is a 40-kDa positive transactivator of viral gene expression. Tax1 does not bind directly to DNA, but associates indirectly with DNA via cellular transcription factors. To further investigate the activation of HTLV-I transcription by Tax1, a chimeric protein
Anderson MG; Hauer D; Sharma DP; Joag SV; Narayan O; Zink MC; Clements JE; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins; University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Nucleotide sequence analyses of the env genes of two neurotropic variants of SIVmac239 were performed to determine whether molecular changes in these genes could be correlated with neurotropism. Biological characterization of virus from the infectious molecular clone of SIVmac239 had shown that it is highly lymphocyte
Wang Y; Walker PJ; CSIRO Division of Tropical Animal Production, Indooroopilly,; Queensland, Australia.
A 3914 nucleotide region of the Adelaide River virus (ARV) genome, located immediately downstream of the M2 gene, has been cloned and sequenced. The region contains two long open reading frames (ORFs). The first encodes a protein comprising 660 amino acids which shares extensive sequence homology with the virion G pro
Taylor JP; Kundu M; Khalili K; Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
The Tat protein of HIV-1 is a potent activator of transcription directed by the viral long terminal repeat. In most cell types this activation requires a specific interaction between Tat and an RNA target termed TAR in the 5 -leader sequence of HIV-1 mRNAs. We have previously reported that in astrocytic cells Tat is c
Yeung KC; Stoltzfus CM; Stinski MF; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of; Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate-early two (IE2) protein of 579 amino acids significantly activates expression from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter. Using a proviral HIV-1 genome with a mutated tat gene we demonstrate that the IE
Tong-Starksen SE; Baur A; Lu XB; Peck E; Peterlin BM; Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center,; San Francisco, California 94121.
To determine conditions for optimal trans-activation by Tat of HIV-2, genomic DNAs and cDNAs encoding Tat of HIV-2 were tested on their homologous (HIV-2) and heterologous (HIV-1) long terminal repeats (LTRs). It has been previously reported that Tat of HIV-2 could efficiently trans-activate only its own LTR but not t
Cox WI; Tartaglia J; Paoletti E; Virogenetics Corporation, Troy, New York 12180-8349.
Successful immunization against many viruses, including retroviruses such as HIV-1, is thought to depend upon the roles of both antibody and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses. With safety a major concern, we developed two poxvirus recombinants expressing the envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 IIIB. Canarypox (ALVaC), which
Oster S; Christoffersen P; Gundersen HJ; Nielsen JO; Pakkenberg B; Pedersen C; Department of Pathology, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
Stereological estimates of mean volumes, surface areas, and cortical thicknesses were obtained on formalin-fixed brains from 19 men with AIDS and 19 controls. Volumes of neocortex, white matter, central brain nuclei, ventricles and archicortex were estimated using point counting and Cavalieri s unbiased principle for
Nagata Y; Fujino Y; Matsumoto S; Mochizuki M; Oka S; Kimura S; Shimada K; Wakabayashi T; Eye Clinic, Self Defense Forces Central Hospital, Setagaya-ku,; Japan.
A case of cryptococcal retinochoroiditis associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is reported. The patient was a 22-year-old man with hemophilia A. He was found seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus three years ago. He was admitted with complaints of fever and cough. CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.01 and
The search for specific antibodies against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (Ab anti HIV 1), using an immunoenzymatic test and a subsequent confirmation test (Western Blot-WB) in patients who were previously positive or borderline at the first test, singled out from about 12500 tested subjects, fifteen patients
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1993;51(1):1-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93332270
Wattre P; Service de bacteriologie-virologie B, CHRU, Lille, France.
The development of commercial multichannel air-cooled laser flow cytometers which allow measurement of one or more characteristic parameters of particles or cells has been furthered due to advances in probes and fluorochromes. FITC-conjugated antibodies specific for selected cell surface molecules or for viral antigen
Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1993;12(1):72-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93332292
Poirier T; Laurens E; Viaud JY; Poujol B; Lorre G; Departement d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation, Centre; Hospitalier, Cholet.
A 24-year-old male homosexual drug addict was admitted in coma and circulatory failure after a 10 g overdose of acebutolol. The usual resuscitative measures were undertaken, together with administration of adrenaline and gastric lavage. Six hours of external cardiac massage and pacing, and high catecholamine doses (36
Barnes PF; Barrows SA; University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los; Angeles.
PURPOSE: To summarize major recent developments in tuberculosis and current approaches to its treatment and prevention. DATA IDENTIFICATION: Articles published since 1987 that addressed important issues in tuberculosis were identified by searching the MEDLINE database and bibliographies of relevant articles. STUDY SEL
Ann Neurol. 1993 Aug;34(2):198-205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93332391
DeCarli C; Civitello LA; Brouwers P; Pizzo PA; Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Qualitative analysis of 100 consecutive computed tomographic (CT) studies of the brain in children with symptomatic but untreated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was performed. After excluding children with associated medical illnesses that might confound the diagnosis of encephalopathy or alter brain structure, an
Ann Neurol. 1993 Aug;34(2):206-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93332392
Grau JM; Masanes F; Pedrol E; Casademont J; Fernandez-Sola J; Urbano-Marquez A; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona,; Spain.
Fifty consecutive patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were evaluated regarding the prevalence of HIV-related myopathies and the relevance of zidovudine-related mitochondrial myopathy. Disease stage, total lifetime intake of zidovudine, anthropometric and nutritional parameters, muscle st
Sinnassamy P; Andre JL; Treize G; Leroy B; Service de Nephrologie Pediatrique, Hopital d'Enfants; Armand-Trousseau, Paris.
BACKGROUND. The production of recombinant erythropoietin, has made large quantities of pure protein available for clinical studies. Published reports have concentrated on patients with end-stage renal disease, who develop transfusion-dependent anemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS. A total of 58 children aged less than 18 year
Chenoweth IG; Department of Community Medicine, Monash University.
Knowing patients over a period of time often improves quality of care. However, vigilance that a variety of trivial conditions may indicate a more sinister one is always necessary.
Hofmann B; Nishanian P; Nguyen T; Liu M; Fahey JL; Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Immunology, UCLA School; of Medicine.
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: The impaired function of T cells is characteristic of HIV infection. It contributes to disease pathogenesis and is associated with disease prognosis. Our aim was to describe a biochemical basis for this impairment and a pharmacological way of restoring function. METHODS: Measurement of intracellu
Drouet E; Boibieux A; Michelson S; Ecochard R; Biron F; Peyramond D; Colimon R; Denoyel G; Unit of Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute, Lyons, France.
OBJECTIVE: To describe and evaluate a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for early diagnosis and prompt management of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: A total of 110 HIV-infected patients
Zekeng L; Feldblum PJ; Oliver RM; Kaptue L; National AIDS Control Service, Yaounde, Cameroon.
OBJECTIVES: To measure the association between spermicide use and HIV infection, adjusting for condom use, and to measure the association between condom use and HIV infection, adjusting for spermicide use. DESIGN: Prospective study of women using nonoxynol-9 (N-9) spermicides and latex condoms, with up to 12 monthly c
Kim T; Leibfried-Rutledge ML; First NL; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of; Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
With this work we demonstrate that murine leukemia virus (MLV)-based replication-defective retroviral vectors encapsidated with Gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV) envelopes are significantly more infectious to bovine embryonic trachea (EBTr) cells than vectors encapsidated with murine xenotropic envelope proteins. In a
Cervero M; Marco J; Fernandez A; Martin A; Burgos F; Rabago L; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganes,; Madrid.
We report a case of a patient with AIDS, CMV gastritis and esophageal candidiasis that presented as epigastric pain resistant to H2-receptor antagonists, and fever. Of interest in this case is the presence of cytomegalic inclusion bodies together with oedema and
Maslak DM; Schmerr MJ; Respiratory Disease Research Unit, National Animal Disease; Center, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA 50010.
The antigenic relatedness between ovine progressive pneumonia virus (OPPV), a lentivirus that infects sheep, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) was examined by immunoblot analysis. Fourteen of 20 sheep sera, that were positive for OPPV antibodies on an immunodiffusion test, reacted with HIV-1 p24 on a commercial
Laby DM; Nasrallah FP; Butrus SI; Whitmore PV; Department of Ophthalmology, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, DC.
We report a patient with AIDS who developed rapidly progressive, acute outer retinal necrosis. Cytomegalovirus etiology was proposed as a possibility in view of the histopathologic identification of the virus in the fellow concomitantly affected eye. Treatment with ganciclovir resulted in disappearance of the posterio
Weber B; Doerr HW; Institut fur Medizinische Virologie, Universitatskliniken,; Frankfurt a. M. Germany.
A new, modular walk away system for HIV 1 and HIV 2 antibody detection (VIDAS HIV 1 + 2 enzyme linked fluorescent assay) was compared with EIAs (Wellcozyme HIV recombinant, Wellcome; and Enzygnost HIV 1 + 2, Behringwerke) and Western blot (New LAV I Blot; Pasteur). 434 serum samples from HIV seropositive patients at
Kozbor D; Hyjek E; Wiaderkiewicz R; Kurzawski G; Lischner HW; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson; University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
The present study examined CD8 antigen expression and variable (V) gene segment usage by T cell receptor (TCR)-gamma delta+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood of symptomatic children with perinatal HIV infection. The relative number of gamma delta+, CD8+ T cells in most of the infected children was higher than that in un
Husson RN; Shirasaka T; Butler KM; Pizzo PA; Mitsuya H; Experimental Retrovirology Section, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from children receiving long-term therapy with an alternating regimen of zidovudine and zalcitabine, or with didanosine monotherapy, were evaluated for resistance to zidovudine, zalcitabine, and didanosine, and for mutations known to be associated with zidovudine or
Flores-Aguilar M; Kuppermann BD; Quiceno JI; Dankner WM; Wolf DG; Capparelli EV; Connor JD; Sherwood CH; Fullerton S; Gambertoglio JG; et al; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego,; School of Medicine.
PURPOSE: To determine the incidence, pathophysiology, clinical outcome, and survival in patients with clinically resistant retinitis. METHODS: Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis was prospectively studied in 100 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AID
Anand R; Font RL; Fish RH; Nightingale SD; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9057.
BACKGROUND: An experimental sustained release intraocular device has been designed to deliver ganciclovir over a long period of time. As part of an efficacy trial, the ganciclovir intraocular device was used to treat cytomegalovirus (
There is now a considerable body of evidence that links HPV infection with anogenital squamous carcinoma, particularly for specific high risk HPV types (HPV16 and 18) and invasive carcinoma of the cervix. Recent advances in the molecular study of these viruses have elucidated some potential mechanisms by which they
Hillman RJ; Ryait BK; Botcherby M; Walker MM; Taylor-Robinson D; Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Clinical Research; Centre, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.
In an attempt to assess the multifocal nature of anogenital HPV infection in men, skin biopsies, urethral swabs and urine specimens were obtained from 100 men with genital dermatoses. The specimens were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33 using the polymerase chain re
Borg AJ; Medley G; Garland SM; Department of Microbiology, Royal Women's Hospital, Carlton,; Victoria, Australia.
A total of 377 women, consecutively selected as first attenders to a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Melbourne, Australia , were examined for overt Condylomata acuminata and were screened for genital HPV DNA types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and (35) using 2 dot blot hybridizat
Roddy RE; Cordero M; Cordero C; Fortney JA; Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, North; Carolina 27709.
The objective of the study was to assess the symptoms and signs of genital irritation produced by different frequencies of nonoxynol-9 (N-9) use. Thirty-five women were randomized to each of 5 groups and used a vaginal suppository for 2 weeks. Group 1: N-9 once every other day; Group 2: N-9 once a day; Group 3: N-9 tw
Korbjuhn P; Anagnostopoulos I; Hummel M; Tiemann M; Dallenbach F; Parwaresch MR; Stein H; Konsultations und Referenzzentrum fur Lymphknotenund; Hamatopathologie am Institut fur Pathologie, Klinikum Steglitz,; Freie Universitat, Berlin, Germany.
We investigated 81 cases of peripheral pleomorphic T-cell lymphoma (PMTCL) occurring in human immunodeficiency virus-negative Europeans for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-DNA through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of EBV-encoded small nuclear RNAs (EBER) and immediate early mRNAs (Bam H-fra
Abruzzo LV; Schmidt K; Weiss LM; Jaffe ES; Medeiros LJ; Sander CA; Raffeld M; Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We describe a patient with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD), who subsequently developed large-cell immunoblastic lymphoma of B-cell immunophenotype. At the time of the initial diagnosis, histologic examination of an inguinal lymph node showed typical features of AILD, and there was no evid
Mirsky ML; Da Y; Lewin HA; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois,; Urbana-Champaign.
We have developed a method of analyzing individual cells to detect proviral DNA of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) using flow cytometry and PCR. Individual cells of the BL3* cell line, which contain multiple integrated copies of the BLV provirus, and the uninfected cell line BL3(0), were sorted into wells of a 96-well
Bishop SA; Gruffydd-Jones TJ; Harbour DA; Stokes CR; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
FIV is a lentivirus infection of cats which induces an immunodeficiency syndrome associated with early qualitative defects in antigen-specific T cell function and with late quantitative defects in CD4+ T lymphocytes. We have observed that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from FIV-infected cats have impaired s
Patsouris E; Kretzschmar HA; Stavrou D; Mehraein P; Institute of Neuropathology, University of Munich, Germany.
The pathology of AIDS encephalopathy and its relation to other CNS infections in AIDS was studied in 112 autopsies of AIDS patients and 14 of HIV-positive patients. Special interest was focused on gliomesenchymal nodules (GMNs), a common finding in encephalitis of various etiologies, and on giant cells. GMNs and giant
FEBS Lett. 1993 Jul 12;326(1-3):232-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93314792
Kimura T; Kameoka M; Ikuta K; Section of Serology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Amplification of superoxide (O2-) generation by HIV-1 infection was examined in two human myeloid-monocytic cell lines. The level of O2- generation in HL-60 after infection became significantly higher than that of the steady-state. A similar phenomenon was also shown in U937, but only after acquisition of O2- generati
FEBS Lett. 1993 Jul 12;326(1-3):237-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93314793
Precigoux G; Geoffre S; Leonard R; Llido S; Dautant A; d'Estaintot BL; Picard P; Menard A; Guillemain B; Hospital M; Laboratoire de Cristallographie, URA 144 CNRS, Universite de; Bordeaux I, Talence, France.
Bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) is the aetiological agent of Leukosis enzootica bovis [Viral Oncology (1980), G. Klein (Ed.) Raven Press, New York, pp. 231-238], a widely spread disease in cattle. BLV is reported as the animal model of human T-cell leukaemia virus (HLTV) which is the causative agent of adult T-cell leuka
Dwyer E; Itescu S; Winchester R; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York 10032.
Infection with HIV-1 occasionally results in a sicca syndrome, termed the diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, characterized by infiltration of the salivary glands with a predominance of CD8 T cells. This response is strongly associated with certain MHC class I and class II alleles. To define the salivary glan
J Tongji Med Univ. 1993;13(1):51-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93316329
Wang CY; Qi XM; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tonji; Medical University, Wuhan.
Cu, Zn, Mn, Se were determined in erythrocytes in 43 patients with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), and T cell subsets were also monitored in peripheral blood in 37 cases. The results revealed that the contents of Cu and Se in erythrocytes in patients with GTD were significantly higher than those in normal fem
Olsen C; Scott F; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, College; of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Infection of primary macrophages in vitro by feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) was used as a model system to study the kinetics of Fc receptor-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement (FcR-ADE) of virus infectivity at the single cell level. Cells were examined for evidence of viral RNA synthesis at various tim
An anonymous unlinked seroprevalence study of HIV, HBV and HCV infections has been conducted on 485 sera consecutively submitted to the virology laboratory to be tested for HBsAg; sera came from patients attending general surgery at San Camillo Hospital in Rome. Carriers of HBsAg were 12 (2.5%); antibodies against HIV
Scieux C; Bianchi A; Laboratoire de Bacteriologie-Virologie, Hopital Saint-Louis,; Universite Paris VII, France.
The nucleoside analog acyclovir is remarkably effective and selective in herpes simplex virus (HSF) infections. Acyclovir inhibits the viral enzyme DNA polymerase. Emergence of acyclovir-resistant HSV mutants occurs in immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS. Dete
Am J Public Health. 1993 Jul;83(7):1002-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93319007
Elcock M; Simon T; Gilbert BP; Copello AG; Kelzer PJ; AIDS Program, San Mateo County Department of Health Services, CA.
OBJECTIVES. Health departments that use passive surveillance alone cannot be sure of the level of complete and accurate reporting of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases. We sought to develop a model of active AIDS case reporting using limited county resources. METHODS. A validation study of AIDS case repor
Geleziunas R; Arts EJ; Boulerice F; Goldman H; Wainberg MA; McGill AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute--Jewish General; Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We investigated whether cells derived from the fetal central nervous system can support productive infection by a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolate termed UHC-1, produced by a cellular clone derived from HIV-1 strain HIV-IIIB chronically infected U-937 promonocytic cells, and what the effect of nucle
Gao Q; Gu Z; Parniak MA; Cameron J; Cammack N; Boucher C; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec,; Canada.
Variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 that display 500- to 1,000-fold resistance to the (-) enantiomer of 2 -deoxy-3 -thiacytidine and approximately 4- to 8-fold resistance to 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine and 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine have been generated through in vitro selection with the former compound. The polymeras
AIDS Care. 1993;5(2):159-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93320152
Gossop M; Griffiths P; Powis B; Strang J; National Addiction Centre, Maudsley Hospital, London.
One of the most conspicuous risks of HIV transmission among drug injectors involves sharing injecting equipment which has been contaminated by infected blood. The present study investigates the relationship between severity of dependence upon heroin and the sharing of previously used injecting equipment (passive shari
This study aimed to gain a better understanding of the social dynamics--migration, urbanization, the status of women, education--related to AIDS in an urban peripheral area of Abidjan. Structured interviews were administered to 420 people, selected through cluster random sampling. Focus groups and semi-structured inte
Delecluse HJ; Raphael M; Magaud JP; Felman P; Alsamad IA; Bornkamm GW; Lenoir GM; Centre International de Recherche sur le cancer, Lyon, France.
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and immunoblastic lymphoma (IL) are the most frequent lymphoid tumors encountered in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Tumors with a morphology intermediate between BL and IL, and the existence of Burkitt s type translocations in some IL cases makes the classification of these
Hamilton-Dutoit SJ; Raphael M; Audouin J; Diebold J; Lisse I; Pedersen C; Oksenhendler E; Marelle L; Pallesen G; Laboratory of Immunohistology, University Hospital,; Kommunehospitalet, Aarhus, Denmark.
Some acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphomas (ARLs) are infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), although the frequency and importance of this association is disputed. Using paraffin section RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) with digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes, we screened 16 central nervous system (C
Fuchs BA; Pruett SB; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of; Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.
We tested the hypothesis that the previously observed loss of thymic lymphocytes in mice after treatment with time-release morphine pellets was occurring through the process of apoptosis. Apoptosis is a form of cell death, distinct from necrosis, which involves a specific endonuclease that fragments the cell s own DNA
Masuda M; Hoffman PM; Ruscetti SK; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201.
PVC-211 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) is a neuropathogenic, weakly leukemogenic variant of the nonneuropathogenic, highly leukemogenic Friend MuLV (F-MuLV). Chimeric viruses constructed from PVC-211 MuLV clone 3d and F-MuLV clone 57 indicate that the env gene of PVC-211 MuLV contains the determinant(s) responsible for
Pal-Ghosh R; Morrow CD; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294-0007.
It has been difficult to evaluate the role of individual viral proteins in poliovirus replication because a suitable complementation system has not yet been developed. To approach this problem, we constructed a chimeric human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-gag-poliovirus minireplicon in which regions of the gag
Dunn KJ; Yuan CC; Blair DG; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201.
We have characterized the restriction mechanism for RD114 virus replication in embryonic feline cells (FeF). By comparing growth properties of the virus in FeF cells with its behavior in a fetal feline glial cell line (G355) permissive for RD114, we showed that both cell lines were readily infectible by virus grown in
Lombardi S; Garzelli C; La Rosa C; Zaccaro L; Specter S; Malvaldi G; Tozzini F; Esposito F; Bendinelli M; Department of Biomedicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
Synthetic peptides have been used to map linear B-cell epitopes of the third variable (V3) region of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) external membrane glycoprotein gp120. The analysis of sera from naturally and experimentally FIV-infected cats by Pepscan and enzyme immunoassay with four partially overlapping p
Drelich M; Haenggi M; Mous J; Pharmaceutical Research New Technologies, F. Hoffmann-La Roche; Ltd., Basel, Switzerland.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase protein can be specifically cross-linked to viral long terminal repeat substrate oligonucleotides in vitro by using UV light. Site-directed mutagenesis and deletion analyses were used to define the domains involved in the interaction of integrase with the viral DNA sub
A new class of oligodeoxyribonucleotides has been designed, referred to here as self-stabilized oligonucleotides. These oligonucleotides have hairpin loop structures at their 3 ends, and show increased resistance to degradation by snake venom phosphodiesterase, DNA polymerase I and fetal bovine serum. The self-stab
De Re V; Boiocchi M; De Vita S; Dolcetti R; Gloghini A; Uccini S; Baroni C; Scarpa A; Cattoretti G; Carbone A; Division of Experimental Oncology 1, Centro di Riferimento; Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) type 2 is considered to be a much less potent transformer of lymphocytes than type 1. However, type-2 EBV may be involved in the pathogenesis of non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHLs) arising in immunocompromised patients, i.e., subjects with malaria or HIV-1 infection. To determine whether type-2 EBV
Gevaudan MJ; Bollet C; Mallet MN; de Micco P; Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hopital Salvator, Marseille,; France.
The in-vitro activity of clarithromycin, temafloxacin, and ethambutol were assessed by MIC, FIC and intra-macrophage killing determinations alone and in various combinations against ten pigmented and ten non-pigmented strains of Mycobacterium avium complex bacteria. Alone, either clarithromycin or temafloxacin were fo
Jacobson MA; Causey D; Polsky B; Hardy D; Chown M; Davis R; O'Donnell JJ; Kuppermann BD; Heinemann MH; Holland GN; et al; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Thirty-two patients with AIDS and previously untreated cytomegalovirus retinitis completed an induction course of foscarnet, 60 mg/kg every 8 h for 14 days, had retinitis stabilize, and were then randomly assigned to receive foscarnet maintenance as either a 90- or 120-mg/kg/day in
The human T-lymphotropic viruses, type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II), are closely related but distinct retroviruses that can infect humans. They are different from the human immunodeficiency viruses that cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Screening of the U.S. blood supply for HTLV-I/II, which began in 1988,
Desai-Yajnik V; Samuels HH; Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New; York 10016.
We report that thyroid hormone (T3) receptor (T3R) can activate the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR). Purified chick T3R-alpha 1 (cT3R-alpha 1) binds as monomers and homodimers to a region in the LTR (nucleotides -104 to -75 [-104/-75]) which contains two tandem NF-kappa B binding
Lasfargues G; Courpotin C; Hopital Trousseau, service de pediatrie, Paris, France.
A follow-up study of 179 cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive neonates born from HIV seropositive mothers is reported. At the time of the present study, HIV infection resulting from maternofetal transmission was found in 50 cases, while 108 infants were not infected; HIV infection remained uncertai
Ruiz-Arguelles GJ; Lagunes-Yannelli B; Mercado-Diaz L; Centro de Hematologia y Medicina Interna de Puebla.
Seventeen HIV-1-infected individuals were given AZT (100 mg tid) and ddC (0.375 mg tid) for consecutive periods of four weeks each and for total periods ranging from 8 to 32 weeks (me
Oral hairy leukoplakia appears as white vertical stripes on the lateral borders of the tongue and occurs almost exclusively in HIV infected patients. The clinical appearance of hairiness is a result of emergence of floss of the parakeratinized epithelial surface. The etiologic agent seems to be Epstein-Barr virus, whi
Tishon A; Borrow P; Evans C; Oldstone MB; Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, California 92037.
Viruses that persist must develop strategies to escape immunologic surveillance in order to survive. Investigation of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-induced persistence has indicated that this virus avoids immune clearance mainly by aborting the viral specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response, a respon
Joliot V; Boroughs K; Lasserre F; Crochet J; Dambrine G; Smith RE; Perbal B; Laboratoire d'Oncologie Virale et Moleculaire, Institut Curie,; Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France.
To identify the nucleotide sequences responsible for the tumorigenic specificity of myeloblastosis-associated virus (MAV) we have established the complete nucleotide sequences of three infectious clones inducing either both osteopetrosis and nephroblastoma [MAV2(O)/2 and MAV2(O)p9] or only nephroblastoma [MAV1(N)], an
Iwasaki Y; Sako K; Tsunoda I; Ohara Y; Department of Neurological Sciences, Tohoku University School of; Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies applicable for identification of cell types in paraffin sections, the prevalence of mononuclear cell infiltrates with different phenotypes was estimated in large areas taken from 11 cases of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases in the human central nervous system. The present
Kaplan MA; Jacobson JO; Ferry JA; Harris NL; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; 02114.
The risk of B-cell lymphoma is greatly increased in transplant patients, whereas T-cell lymphomas have only rarely been reported in these patients. Although T-cell lymphomas in nonimmunosuppressed patients may be associated with either human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), these
Am J Otolaryngol. 1993 May-Jun;14(3):179-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93332212
Hyden D; Roberg M; Forsberg P; Fridell E; Fryden A; Linde A; Odkvist L; Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Linkoping University,; Stockholm, Sweden.
INTRODUCTION: The causes for peripheral facial palsy remain obscure in many patients. Evidence exists suggesting viruses, especially those belonging to the herpesvirus group, may be causative. This study was developed to evaluate this theory. METHODS: One hundred forty-seven patients with acute peripheral facial palsy
Ann Ophthalmol. 1993 Jun;25(6):208-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93332343
Karlin JD; Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine.
The objective of this article is (1) to review the range of anterior segment ocular disease caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV), (2) to discuss the pathophysiology of the mechanisms involved in the ensuing tissue damage, and (3) to bring the reader up to date on the current management and therapy of herpes zoster o
Shugars DC; Smith MS; Glueck DH; Nantermet PV; Seillier-Moiseiwitsch F; Swanstrom R; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UNC School of; Dentistry, Chapel Hill.
The nef genes of the human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and the related simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) encode a protein (Nef) whose role in virus replication and cytopathicity remains uncertain. As an attempt to elucidate the function of nef, we characterized the nucleotide and corre
Sperber SJ; Gocke DJ; Haberzettl CA; Pestka S; Department of Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School,; New Brunswick, New Jersey.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of low-dose oral recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha A) on clinical parameters, body weight, CD4+ lymphocyte counts and natural killer cell cytolytic activity in HIV-infected patients. DESIGN: Blinded crossover trial with controls for the protein and diluent components of the dr
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a universally applicable staging system for HIV infection and disease proposed by the Global Programme on AIDS (GPA) of the World Health Organization (WHO). The system consists of both a clinical and a laboratory axis. The clinical axis is represented by a
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):405-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305379
Husch B; Eibl MM; Mannhalter JW; Department of Immunological Research, Immuno AG, Vienna, Austria.
The CD8-positive (CD8+) lymphocyte population in the chimpanzee is composed of two major subsets, a CD3-positive, CD8-positive (CD3+CD8+) and a CD3-negative, CD8-positive (CD3-CD8+) population. The aim of this study was to delineate the function of CD3+CD8+ T cells with respect to inhibition of HIV-1 replication. It c
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):465-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305386
Diegel ML; Moran PA; Gilliland LK; Damle NK; Hayden MS; Zarling JM; Ledbetter JA; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle,; WA 98121.
Cell-cell interactions induced between T cells and monocytes by certain soluble anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were previously shown to be required for high-level production of HIV-1 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from infected donors. Staphylococcal enterotoxin or superantigen (SAg) is another m
Nakao K; Ohba N; Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University, Faculty of; Medicine, Japan.
The prevalence of human T cell lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-I) was studied among patients with endogenous uveitis. Twelve (15.8%) of 76 uveitis patients with known aetiology or clinical entity were seropositive, the prevalence being comparable with that in the general population of the southwestern area of
Hofmann B; Hvidovre Hospital, Municipality of Copenhagen University,; Department of Infectious Diseases, Denmark.
Neopterin concentrations increase in serum and urine within the first week of infection with HIV and remain increased throughout the infection. In particular, changes in neopterin concentration precede decreases in CD4 T cell numbers and the development of clinical disease, and they can be used to predict the later de
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1993 Jul;37(2):97-104. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93306689
Macchi B; Faraoni I; Mastino A; D'Onofrio C; Romeo G; Bonmassar E; Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences,; University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
The present study shows the effect of human interferon beta (IFN beta) on the susceptibility of highly purified cord blood CD4+ T cells to infection with the human T cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Unfractionated cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC), or a separated CD4+ T cell subpopulation (CBCD4) were exposed t
Kanavaros P; Jiwa M; van der Valk P; Walboomers J; Horstman A; Meijer CJ; Department of Pathology, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) recently has been associated with Hodgkin s disease (HD) and the EBV genome was found in CD30-positive Reed-Sternberg cells. Therefore, tissue sections from 25 cases of HD, 35 cases of CD30-positive non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) (seven CD30-positive anaplast
Gilbert M; Brigido L; Muller WE; Hansen JE; Ezekowitz RA; Mills J; Department of Hematology-Oncology, University of Washington,; Seattle.
Binding of the HIV-1 major viral surface glycoprotein, gp120, to the major cell receptor, CD4, is essential for HIV infection of the target cell and syncytium formation. An enzyme-linked immunoassay using solid phase CD4 was used to quantitate the binding of HIV-1 gp120 to CD4, and to assess the activity and mechanism
Vasudevachari MB; Salzman NP; Woll DR; Mast C; Uffelman KW; Toedter G; Hoefheinz D; Metcalf JA; Lane HC; Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University Medical School,; Washington, D.C. 20007.
The presence of p24 core antigen in the serum of individuals with human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has been used as one of the important prognostic markers of HIV-1 infection and also as an end point in evaluating antiviral drugs and vaccines. Unfortunately the majority of p24 antigen present in serum exists a
Stewart MI; Smoller BR; Department of Dermatology, Stanford University Medical Center,; California.
Alopecia universalis, a variant of alopecia areata, is a disease of unknown etiology, though evidence for an autoimmune etiology continues to mount. We report an HIV-positive patient with altered T-lymphocyte subsets in whom alopecia universalis developed. A skin biopsy of the patient s scalp demonstrated a classic pe
Ogino MT; Dankner WM; Spector SA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0672.
Decreasing susceptibility to zidovudine (ZDV) has been described in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 who are receiving ZDV therapy. However, the clinical significance of decreased ZDV susceptibility remains unclear. In this study, HIV isolates obtained from children with symptomatic HIV
MacArthur RD; Levine SD; Birk TJ; Department of Medicine, Toledo 43699.
We attempted to measure cardiopulmonary effects, CD4 counts, and perceived sense of well-being in 25 individuals moderately to severely immunocompromised from HIV infection (mean entry CD4 count = 144.microliters-1) before and after a 24-wk program of exercise training. Only six subjects completed the 24-wk program. A
Cooper DA; Gatell JM; Kroon S; Clumeck N; Millard J; Goebel FD; Bruun JN; Stingl G; Melville RL; Gonzalez-Lahoz J; et al; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, St.; Vincent's Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney,; Australia.
BACKGROUND. Zidovudine therapy is of benefit in the treatment of symptomatic and asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in persons with CD4+ cell counts of less than 500 per cubic millimeter. The efficacy, safety, and duration of benefit of zidovudine in those with 500 or more CD4+ cells per cubic m
Oxford JS; Frezza P; Race E; London Hospital Medical College, Whitechapel, UK.
The major topics covered at this conference included the relevance of the SIV-macaque model for HIV vaccine development, an evaluation of the methods for producing inactivated vaccine, and the possibility of developing attenuated retrovirus vaccines. The possibility that there might be a Graft Versus Host Disease comp
Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Jun 1;137(11):1229-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93311408
Longini IM Jr; Clark WS; Karon JM; Division of Biostatistics, Emory University School of Public; Health, Atlanta, GA 30322.
Clinical trials have shown that the prophylactic use of zidovudine and aerosolized pentamidine (or other antibiotics used as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-free human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons delays the development of AIDS, but the
Ann Intern Med. 1993 Aug 1;119(3):177-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93311776
Blatt SP; Hendrix CW; Butzin CA; Freeman TM; Ward WW; Hensley RE; Melcher GP; Donovan DJ; Boswell RN; Wilford Hall U.S. Air Force Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognostic significance of cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin testing in persons infected with HIV. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: United States Air Force (USAF) Medical Center. PATIENTS: Consecutive sample of 889 HIV-infected USAF personnel o
Ann Intern Med. 1993 Aug 1;119(3):185-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93311777
Markowitz N; Hansen NI; Wilcosky TC; Hopewell PC; Glassroth J; Kvale PA; Mangura BT; Osmond D; Wallace JM; Rosen MJ; et al; Henry Ford Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, Detroit, MI; 48202.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and predictors of reactivity to tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) and skin test anergy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and in HIV-seronegative controls. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a prospective, multicenter stud
OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk for development of tuberculosis among anergic patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: All HIV-infected patients who had a baseline positive protein purified derivative test (PPD) and de
Goodrich AL; Tigelaar RE; Watsky KL; Heald PW; Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine,; New Haven, CT 06510.
BACKGROUND--Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocyte deficiency is a newly described entity of apparently non-human immunodeficiency virus-associated helper T-cell depletion. The clinical spectrum continues to evolve, but, to date, it has included patients ranging from those with minimal symptoms to those who have died with acute o
Whittle H; Egboga A; Todd J; Morgan G; Rolfe M; Sabally S; Wilkins A; Corrah T; MRC Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia.
This study describes a broad spectrum of cellular and antibody-mediated immune responses found in 28 asymptomatic and 37 symptomatic Gambian patients with HIV-2 infection. It shows that these responses vary according to the stage of infection as described by three clinical staging systems. The first system was a local
Porta J; Carota A; Pizzolato GP; Wildi E; Widmer MC; Margairaz C; Grau GE; Department of Pathology, CMU, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Pathogenic mechanisms in human cerebral malaria remain unclear. We reevaluate the role of cell-mediated immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of this disease based on autopsy findings in a 34-year-old Caucasian male. Histologic examination of brain tissue showed typical features of severe malaria infection (sequestrat
Vestbo J; Nielsen TL; Junge J; Lundgren JD; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University; of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Correlations between semiquantitative amounts of Pneumocystis carinii (PC), the degree of inflammation, and the severity of pneumonia were analyzed in 58 patients with PC pneumonia (PCP). Material from both transbronchial biopsies (TBBs; n = 39) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF; n = 57) was examined. In the TBB
Del Prete GF; De Carli M; D'Elios MM; Maestrelli P; Ricci M; Fabbri L; Romagnani S; Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Institute of; Clinica Medica 3, University of Florence, Italy.
Biopsy specimens were obtained from the bronchial or the nasal mucosa of three patients with grass pollen-induced bronchial asthma or rhinitis 48 h after positive bronchial or nasal provocation test with grass pollen extract. T cell clones (TCC), derived from these and control specimens, were then assessed for their p
Schwartz DH; Gorse G; Clements ML; Belshe R; Izu A; Duliege AM; Berman P; Twaddell T; Stablein D; Sposto R; et al; Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins University School; of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-1901.
A recombinant human immunodeficiency virus 1 IIIB (HIV-1IIIB) gp120 subunit vaccine (IIIB-rgp120/HIV-1, Genentech ) was tested for safety and immunogenicity in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase-I trial. HIV-1-seronegative adult volunteers received three 100 microgra
Tamashiro H; Maskill W; Emmanuel J; Fauquex A; Sato P; Heymann D; Diagnostics Unit, Global Programme on AIDS, WHO, Geneva,; Switzerland.
Available tests to detect antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a range of applications, and injudicious selection and inappropriate use can add a significant financial burden to budgets for AIDS programmes in developing countries. There are several ways by which the cost of HIV antibody testing can be r
Stat Med. 1993 May 15;12(9):835-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93318020
Lin DY; Fischl MA; Schoenfeld DA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle; 98195.
In human immunodeficiency virus clinical trials, the CD4-lymphocyte count has been regarded as a promising surrogate endpoint for clinical efficacy measures such as time to opportunistic infection and survival time. In the present paper, we test this hypothesis according to a criterion proposed by Prentice. This crite
Stat Med. 1993 May 15;12(9):843-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93318021
Fusaro RE; Nielsen JP; Scheike TH; Program in Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA; 94720.
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) results from infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The time of infection is generally unknown since transmission usually occurs during the course of repeated sexual contacts or needle sharing. Brookmeyer and Gail describe the biases that may arise in survi
Matsumoto Y; Muramatsu MO; Sato K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya City University; Medical School, Japan.
A 48-year-old Japanese woman with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) and Sjogren s syndrome (SjS) was a carrier of HTLV-I and had anti-HTLV-I antibodies in her serum. Moreover, her peripheral blood lymphocytes contained proviral DNA for the pX region of HTLV-I as detected by the polymerase chain reaction. An immun
Macchi B; Graziani G; Zhang J; Mastino A; Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences,; University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
It is known that the human T lymphotropic retrovirus type I (HTLV-I) preferentially selects lymphocytes expressing the CD4 phenotype in vivo and in vitro. The present study shows that the emergence of double-positive (DP) CD4/CD8 cells was a constant, even if transient, phenomenon occurring in early phases after the i
Mukadi Y; Perriens JH; St Louis ME; Brown C; Prignot J; Willame JC; Pouthier F; Kaboto M; Ryder RW; Portaels F; et al; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection in African patients who die from AIDS, yet the stage of immunodeficiency at which TB develops is uncertain. We studied the immune status of HIV-infected outpatients with pulmonary TB in relation to their clinical presentation in a cross-sectional study of 21
Pape JW; Jean SS; Ho JL; Hafner A; Johnson WD Jr; Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New; York.
Tuberculosis occurring with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a serious and growing public health problem. We have carried out a randomised clinical trial of a 12-month course of isoniazid plus vitamin B6 versus vitamin B6 alone in Port-au-Prince, Haiti , to assess the
Ramaswamy K; Befus D; Department of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of; Calgary, Canada.
Quantitative measurements were made of different phenotypes of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of rats during the course of a primary or secondary infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. These changes were compared with those in the peripheral blood to understand the site-specificity of the res
Palenicek J; Nelson KE; Vlahov D; Galai N; Cohn S; Saah AJ; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Md.
BACKGROUND: To compare the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related clinical symptoms among male intravenous drug users and homosexual men stratified by HIV serostatus and CD4 cell levels. METHODS: A cross-sectional sample using concurrent longitudinal studies of the natural history of HIV-1 infection
Modica-Napolitano JS; Tufts University, Department of Biology, Medford, MA 02155.
The mitochondrial myopathy associated with long-term AZT therapy is a factor that limits the clinical efficacy of this compound in the treatment of AIDS. The biochemical basis for this tissue-specific pathology was investigated by measuring the effect
Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1993 May;21(2):71-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93326344
Freeman WR; University of California, San Diego, Department of Ophthalmology,; Shiley Eye Center, La Jolla 92093-0946.
In recent years an enormous amount of new information in the area of retinitis and retinal disease in immunosuppressed patients has been acquired. There have been exciting new developments in our understanding of the pathogenesis of retinal disease in AIDS patients as well as important advances in the diagnosis and th
Cancer. 1993 Aug 1;72(3):735-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327324
Shimamoto Y; Kikuchi M; Funai N; Suga K; Matsuzaki M; Yamaguchi M; Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Japan.
BACKGROUND. Spontaneous regression of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is considered to be extremely unusual. Of the 82 patients with ATL who the authors saw between 1981 and 1991, spontaneous regression occurred in 3 (3.7%), 2 of whom were previously untreated and one who had been previously treated. Surgical exc
Cancer. 1993 Aug 1;72(3):909-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327348
Cheng AL; Su IJ; Chen YC; Uen WC; Wang CH; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University; Hospital, Taipei, Republic of China.
BACKGROUND. The authors previously reported the existence of a unique subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) characterized by a clonotypical proliferation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the tumor cells (Blood 1991; 77:799). Detailed clinicopathologic features of this newly recognized entity remain to be clarifie
Welch ML; Smith KJ; Skelton HG; Frisman DM; Yeager J; Angritt P; Wagner KF; Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Department of Dermatology,; Washington, D.C.
BACKGROUND: We studied biopsy material from four patients with inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevi (ILVEN) that had a psoriasiform appearance histologically and seven cases of linear epidermal nevi (LEN). Of the seven LEN, five showed hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, and varying degrees of acanthosis; two had
Smith KJ; Skelton HG 3d; Vogel P; Yeager J; Baxter D; Wagner KF; Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Institute; of Research, Washington, D.C.
J Immunol. 1993 Aug 1;151(3):1712-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93329153
Selvey LA; Morse HC 3d; Granger LG; Hodes RJ; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Infection of B6 mice with LP-BM5 MuLV results in a syndrome characterized by progressive and profound immunodeficiency, termed murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS). In this report we show that preferential expansion and activation of V beta 5+ CD4+ spleen cells occurs early in the course of disease, which
Jacobson JM; Colman N; Ostrow NA; Simson RW; Tomesch D; Marlin L; Rao M; Mills JL; Clemens J; Prince AM; Infectious Diseases Section, Bronx VA Medical Center, NY 10468.
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of passive immunotherapy for advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of human anti-HIV hyperimmune plasma was conducted. Sixty-three subjects with stage IV HIV disease (AIDS) were randomized to received 250 mL of either HIV
Kennedy CA; Pimentel JA; Lewis DE; Anderson MD; Weiss PJ; Oldfield EC 3d; Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Infectious; Diseases), Naval Hospital, San Diego, CA 92134-5000.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) was given in a crossover study to 130 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients who had been receiving aerosolized pentamidine; 86 (66%) successfully crossed over to TMP/SMZ without hypersensitivity reactions or hematologic toxicity. No significant changes occurred in mean
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Zidovudine has been shown to be an effective antiretroviral drug in the treatment of AIDS, AIDS-related complex and also symptomatic or asymptomatic HIV infection in adults. First studies concerning zidovudine therapy in children are now available. Since 1987 we take care of HIV-infected and -e
Maiman M; Fruchter RG; Serur E; Levine PA; Arrastia CD; Sedlis A; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New; York, Health Science Center, Brooklyn.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on the rate of recurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) after standard ablative therapy, and to correlate the degree of immunosuppression with treatment results. METHODS: The clinical courses of 44 HIV-positive women with
Frumkin LR; Agy MB; Coombs RW; Panther L; Morton WR; Koehler J; Florey MJ; Dragavon J; Schmidt A; Katze MG; et al; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
The pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) has a marked sensitivity to infection by simian immunodeficiency virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2). On this basis, we previously studied this species susceptibility to HIV-1 and demonstrated infection in six macaques inoculated with either cell-associated HI
Ebenbichler C; Westervelt P; Carrillo A; Henkel T; Johnson D; Ratner L; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St Louis, Missouri.
OBJECTIVE: The V3 loop of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 is an important determinant of HIV-1-specific cell tropism. Nine different purified envelope proteins were prepared in order to examine the association between the structure of the gp120 proteins and functional properties of HIV-1 virions differing in the
Scheider T; Beck A; Ropke C; Ullrich R; Harthus HP; Broker M; Pauli G; AIDS-Zentrum des Bundesgesundheitsamtes, Robert Koch-Institut,; Berlin, Germany.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize antigens on uninfected T lymphocytes reactive with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) directed against the HIV-1 Nef protein, and to search for antibodies directed against this epitope in HIV-1-infected individuals. DESIGN: Murine MAb directed against an epitope of Nef defined by amino acids 60-73
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):415-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305380
D'Souza MP; Kent KA; Thiriart C; Collignon C; Milman G; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Thirteen laboratories characterized a coded panel of 10 MAbs to SIVmac251 envelope protein in a collaboration organized by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). The MAbs were examined against SIV isolates in neutralization and radioimmune precipitation, immunoblot, enzyme-linked immunosorb
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):423-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305381
Torres JV; Malley A; Banapour B; Anderson DE; Axthelm MK; Gardner MB; Benjamini E; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
SIVmac infection of macaques is an important animal model for HIV infection and AIDS; this model is being utilized for development of antiviral therapies and vaccines. In the present article, we sought to identify neutralization epitopes of SIVmac envelope surface glycoprotein (gp130). Algorithms were used to predict
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 May;9(5):475-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305387
Selvam MP; Blay RA; Geyer S; Buck SM; Pollock L; Mayner RE; Epstein JS; Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Food and Drug Administration,; Rockville, MD 20852.
Nystatin A was compared in vitro with amphotericin B, AZT , or foscarnet for their respective abilities to inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in H9 cells. HIV-1-infected H9 cells were cultured for 7 days in the prese
Ann Hematol. 1993 Jun;66(6):325-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93305778
Arruda VR; Bizzacchi JM; Metze IL; Department of Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas,; Brazil.
Aggressive B-cell lymphomas are clearly related to HIV infection. However, the relationship of HIV infection to low-grade B- or T-cell lymphomas and Hodgkin s disease is not well established. The authors describe a case in which hairy cell leukemia was associated with lupus anticoagulant and direct Coombs test in an
Sandstrom E; Oberg B; Department of Dermatovenerology, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Part I of this article reviewed the targets against which anti-HIV drugs can be directed, problems in assessing active compounds (e.g. resistance development and use of surrogate end-points). and nucleoside analogues effective against HIV reverse transcriptase. Intensive research is currently being undertaken in labor
FEBS Lett. 1993 Jul 5;325(3):237-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93307502
Pokholok DK; Gudima SO; Yesipov DS; Dobrynin VN; Rechinsky VO; Kochetkov SN; V.A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy; of Sciences, Moscow.
To investigate the biochemical basis of the HIV-1 resistance to AZT we obtained the RT mutant containing four amino acid substitutions by an oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis technique. Enzymatic properties of the wild type and mutant RTs were comp
Mihailov C; Lamour A; Beaudre-Bellein V; Jezequel N; Garre M; Mottier D; Guillet G; Youinou P; Laboratory of Immunology, Brest University Medical School; Hospital, France.
Nine dual-fluorescence combinations were used to enumerate T-cell subsets in 112 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients. Two blood samples were analyzed, with a 6-month interval between the tests, in 53 of these 112 patients. The alteration in CD4 over this period of time correlated with the change in C
The rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a phosphoprotein of 20 kDa apparent molecular weight, is essential to target the mRNA for virion polypeptides into the cytoplasm. So far, at least four necessary functional domains have been assigned to the HIV-1 rev protein: (1) one for RNA binding; (2)
Chintu C; Luo C; Bhat G; Raviglione M; DuPont H; Zumla A; Department of Paediatrics, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,; Zambia.
Tuberculosis is one of the most common infections in Zambian adults and children infected with HIV. In Africa, cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions attributed to thiacetazone during treatment of tuberculosis in adults infected with HIV-I have been well documented. This study monitored adverse drug reactions during tre
We report the construction of a high-copy-number (hcn) expression vector for human cells. Amplification of this vector occurs due to the presence of an element derived from the murine DNA encoding ribosomal RNA (rDNA). HIV-1 replication in Jurkat T lymphocytes is nearly abolished when antisense RNA directed against th
Cirino NM; Kalayjian RC; Jentoft JE; Le Grice SF; Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University; School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
We have exploited the sole tryptophan residue (Trp535) in the ribonuclease H (RNase H) domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) to study features of the isolated polypeptide (p15 RNase H) by fluorescence spectroscopy. Incubation of purified p15 RNase H with a synthetic RNA/DNA hyb
The quinoline U-78036 represents a new class of non-nucleoside human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The agent possesses excellent antiviral activity at nontoxic doses in HIV-1-infected lymphocytes grown in tissue culture. Enzymatic kinetic studies of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (R
Kang CY; Hariharan K; Posner MR; Nara P; IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation, La Jolla, CA 92037.
We have developed a strategy to purify and characterize various anti-gp120 antibody populations in HIV+ sera by using anti-Id mAb. One preparation of human anti-gp120 antibody (ES+ Ab) isolated on an anti-Id mAb (ES)-conjugated immunoabsorbent exhibited a novel neutralizing epitope specificity. The ES+ Ab bound only t
Padilla R; Balikov S; USC School of Dentistry Restorative Department, California.
As the country becomes more health conscious, many of our patients are becoming involved in sporting activities, from organized teams to the occasional weekend warrior. As a result, the incidence of oral trauma is increasing. Dentistry today must respond to these patient s specialized needs, providing them with the qu
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 1;90(13):5909-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93317593
Metzger W; Hermann T; Schatz O; Le Grice SF; Heumann H; Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsreid, Germany.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase protects sugar moieties of a model template.primer DNA in a region from positions +3 to -15 from hydroxyl radical attack. A protected region of equivalent size migrates in concert with the translocating enzyme, as shown by hydroxyl radical footprints of replica
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 1;90(13):6125-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93317636
Bukrinsky MI; Sharova N; McDonald TL; Pushkarskaya T; Tarpley WG; Stevenson M; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5120.
We have examined components of the preintegration complex of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and have analyzed features which govern the association of these components. HIV-1 nucleoprotein complexes, isolated from nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts of CD4+ cells after acute virus infection, contained viral
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 1;90(13):6135-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93317638
Martin JL; Wilson JE; Haynes RL; Furman PA; Division of Virology, Burroughs Wellcome Company, Research; Triangle Park, NC 27709.
A molecular clone containing the wild-type reverse transcriptase (RT) coding region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was constructed, and site-directed mutagenesis was used to introduce mutations--Leu74-->Val (L74V), T215Y, and the combination L74V/T215Y--into the RT coding region. The proteins were puri
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 1;90(13):6320-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93317673
Jacobo-Molina A; Ding J; Nanni RG; Clark AD Jr; Lu X; Tantillo C; Williams RL; Kamer G; Ferris AL; Clark P; et al; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers; University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-5638.
The crystal structure of a ternary complex of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) heterodimer (p66/p51), a 19-base/18-base double-stranded DNA template-primer, and a monoclonal antibody Fab fragment has been determined at 3.0 A resolution. The four individual subdomains of RT that make
Ann Trop Paediatr. 1993;13(2):201-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93319244
Renuka L; Ponnaiya J; Date A; Norman Institute of Pathology, Christian Medical College; Hospital, Vellore, South India.
The first autopsy study of a child with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in India is reported. A 2-year-old girl with failure to thrive and pneumonia died in our hospital. Antibodies to HIV were detected in the serum by ELISA and Western blot techniques. The autopsy findings inclu
Kovacs JA; Powell F; Voeller D; Allegra CJ; Critical Care Medicine Department, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Isoprinosine has been reported to decrease progression to AIDS, primarily by preventing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, but the mechanism of action is unknown. para-Acetamidobenzoic acid (PAcBA), one component of isoprinosine, is structurally related to para-ami
Drug Saf. 1993 Jun;8(6):457-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93319692
Schriber JR; Negrin RS; Department of Medicine (Hematology), Stanford University; Hospital, California.
The colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) have emerged as effective drugs in a variety of clinical situations. These drugs stimulate the production and activity of haematopoietic cells in vitro and in vivo. Two members of this group, granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), have been approved in th
The bis(heteroaryl)piperazine U-88204E is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and possesses excellent anti-HIV activity in HIV-1-infected lymphocytes grown in tissue culture. Enzymatic kinetic studies of the RNA- and DNA-dependent DNA polymerases of RT were carried out in order to determine whether
Chow FP; Zsebo K; Hamburger AW; University of Maryland Cancer Center, Department of Pathology,; Baltimore 21201.
Thrombocytopenia is an important clinical problem for many acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Recently, the utility of recombinant cytokines in alleviating the hematopoietic complications of AIDS and AIDS therapy has been evaluated. The newly cloned cytokine stem cell factor (SCF) has been demonstrate
J Chromatogr. 1993 Jun 4;639(1):67-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93322407
Bhikhabhai R; Carlsson T; Unge T; Lovgren S; Strandberg B; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Uppsala, Sweden.
A chromatographic procedure to purify recombinant reverse transcriptase (RT) from human immunodeficiency virus-1 is reported. A bacterial system which expressed large amounts of p66 RT polypeptide was used. The purification scheme was optimized for high-yield production of homogeneous p66/p51 RT using a combination of
Iwashiro M; Kondo T; Shimizu T; Yamagishi H; Takahashi K; Matsubayashi Y; Masuda T; Otaka A; Fujii N; Ishimoto A; et al; Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University,; Japan.
To identify retroviral antigenic determinants recognized by CD4+ T helper cells during tumor rejection, we established four noncytolytic, helper-type, CD4+ T-cell clones by limiting dilution cultures of mixed lymphocyte-tumor cultures from mice immune to a Friend virus-induced tumor, FBL-3. Among these, three T helper
Pfeiffer B; Berneman ZN; Neipel F; Chang CK; Tirwatnapong S; Chandran B; Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology,; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160.
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 2D4, 2D6, and 13D6 against human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) variant A strain GS recognized virion envelope glycoprotein complex gp82-gp105 and neutralized the infectivity of HHV-6 variant A group isolates. A 624-bp genomic fragment (82G) was identified from an HHV-6 strain GS genomic library co
Moore JP; Thali M; Jameson BA; Vignaux F; Lewis GK; Poon SW; Charles M; Fung MS; Sun B; Durda PJ; et al; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
We have probed the structure of the C4 and V3 domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 by immunochemical techniques. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) recognizing an exposed gp120 sequence, (E/K)VGKAMYAPP, in C4 were differentially sensitive to denaturation of gp120, implying a conformational component to some
McKeating JA; Shotton C; Cordell J; Graham S; Balfe P; Sullivan N; Charles M; Page M; Bolmstedt A; Olofsson S; et al; Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories,; London, United Kingdom.
A number of linear and conformation-dependent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been mapped to the first and second variable (V1 and V2) domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120. The majority of these MAbs are as effective at neutralizing HIV-1 infectivity as MAbs to the V3 domain and
Petersen LR; Doll LS; White CR; Johnson E; Williams A; Division of HIV/AIDS, National Center for Infectious Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
The impact of heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on the United States blood supply was assessed, and deferral criteria that may exclude potential donors who are at high risk for heterosexually acquired HIV infection were evaluated. Interviews were condu
Mollace V; Colasanti M; Persichini T; Bagetta G; Lauro GM; Nistico G; Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
The effect of the HIV coating glycoprotein gp 120 on the generation of NO by human cultured T67 astrocytoma cells was investigated. Preincubation of astrocytoma cells with gp 120 (10 pM, 100 and 500 nM) produced a significant, dose-dependent increase of nitrite levels in supernatant of pretreated cells which was highe
DeStefano JJ; Bambara RA; Fay PJ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Rochester, New York; 14642.
We have investigated the binding of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase (HIV-RT) to various hybrid RNA-DNA or DNA-DNA nucleic acid structures. Binding was measured by preequilibrating the RT with the nucleic acid substrate in the presence or absence of Mg2+ and then initiating synthesis or RNase H degra
Friedland JS; Shattock RJ; Griffin GE; Division of Communicable Diseases, St. George's Hospital Medical; School, London, UK.
Phagocytosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human monocytes or macrophages is classically followed by granuloma formation in vivo. Granuloma are comprised of cells of the monocyte lineage together, in many instances, with antigen-specific T lymphocytes. Development of granuloma depends upon recruitment of both cell
EMBO J. 1993 Jul;12(7):2749-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327764
Chiang CM; Ge H; Wang Z; Hoffmann A; Roeder RG; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rockefeller; University, New York, NY 10021.
Two multisubunit complexes containing the TATA-binding protein (TBP) were isolated from HeLa cells constitutively expressing the FLAG epitope-tagged TBP using antibody affinity and peptide elution methods. One of the complexes (f:TFIID), isolated from the P11 0.85 M KCl fraction, contains at least 13 specific TBP-asso
FEBS Lett. 1993 Jul 19;327(1):45-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327912
Semizarov DG; Victorova LS; Krayevsky AA; Kukhanova MK; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of; Sciences, Moscow.
5 -Triphosphates of 1-(2 ,3 -epithio-2 ,3 -dideoxy-beta-D- lyxofuranosyl)thymine, 1-(2 ,3 -epithio-2 ,3 -dideoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)thymine and 2 ,3 -lyxoanhydrothymidine have been shown to be termination substrates for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) reverse transcriptases as
FEBS Lett. 1993 Jul 19;327(1):75-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93327920
Malorni W; Rivabene R; Santini MT; Donelli G; Department of Ultrastructures, Istituto Superiore di Sanita,; Rome, Italy.
Apoptosis or programmed cell death (PCD) is a type of death occurring in various physiological processes. Several data suggest that: (1) apoptosis may play a critical role in AIDS pathogenesis; (2) an increase of endocellular free radical levels can be associated with activation of previously latent HIV virus. Tumor n
Baba E; Nakamura M; Tanaka Y; Kuroki M; Itoyama Y; Nakano S; Niho Y; First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
We have generated 153 human mAb reacting with natural envelope glycoprotein-gp46 of human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) by the EBV-transformation of B lymphocytes obtained from patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/Tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). Twenty-four of these mAb had neutralizing activit
Steenbakkers PG; van Wezenbeek PM; Olijve W; Department of Immunology, Organon International B.V., Oss,; Netherlands.
This paper reports the generation of monoclonal antibody producing hybridomas from a small number of antigen-specific B cells selected by panning on antigen-coated dishes and rosetting with antigen-coupled paramagnetic beads. Anti-HIV positive B cells from spleen could be recovered by panning with an efficiency of 5%
Campbell TB; Young RK; Eron JJ; D'Aquila RT; Tarpley WG; Kuritzkes DR; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences; Center, Denver 80262.
The bisheteroarylpiperazine nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor atevirdine effectively inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in vitro. Clinical isolates with a wide range of 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of zidovudine (IC50, 0.003 to > 2.0 microM) and didanosine (IC50, 0.02 to > 1
Wagner R; Boltz T; Deml L; Modrow S; Wolf H; Institute for Medical Microbiology, University of Regensburg,; Germany.
T cell-mediated cytotoxicity may play an important role in controlling infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In order to study the ability of rationally designed antigens to induce cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) we replaced stretches of 30 to 50 amino acids at the p17-MA/p24-CA cleavage site, within the p24
Lancet. 1993 Aug 7;342(8867):332-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93329935
Hawken M; Nunn P; Gathua S; Brindle R; Godfrey-Faussett P; Githui W; Odhiambo J; Batchelor B; Gilks C; Morris J; et al; Department of Clinical Sciences, London School of Hygiene and; Tropical Medicine, UK.
There is evidence that in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infected patients with tuberculosis the rate of recurrence of tuberculosis is increased in those patients treated with a standard thiacetazone-containing regimen. To assess the impact of HIV-1 on tuberculosis in Kenya ,
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Mar-Apr;87(2):154-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93331567
Montgomery RD
A progressive spastic myelopathy is one of the principal manifestations of the human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Recent research is reviewed on the geography and epidemiology of this specific form of tropical spastic paraparesis. First recognized in the Caribbean,
Tsyrlov IB; Pokrovsky A; Institute of Molecular Pathology, Russian Academy of Medical; Sciences, Novosibirsk.
1. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was an inducer of microsomal benzo[alpha]pyrene hydroxylase (AHH) and 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) in MT-4 human lymphoid cell culture. 2. The monoclonal antibody (Mab), 1-7-1 and the immunodepleted polyclonal antibody (Pab), anti-CYP1A1(-A2), inhibit AHH and EROD
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