Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1993. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
Correlation of immunological, clinical, neuropathological, and neurochemical and neurochemical parameters with motor and cognitive impairments observed in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1992 Nov 17-20;10:abstract no. 103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM10/93200942 Rausch DM; Murray EA; Lendvay J; Sharer LR; Heyes M; Nohr D; Weihe E; Eiden LE; National Institute of Mental Health Bethesda, MD.
Abstract:
A group of rhesus macaques infected with SIVB670-Delta exhibited variegated cognitive and motor impairments as described in some HIV-infected humans (Murray et al., Science 255:1246, 1992). In each case, CNS impairments preceded signs of SIV-induced illness. Blood and CSF samples taken throughout the course of the study as well as brain tissue of the impaired SIV-infected animals taken at necropsy were examined in an attempt to correlate immunological, clinical, neuropathological, and neurochemical alterations with the CNS deficits observed. Three of the eight infected animals developed CNS impairment relatively early (within four months of inoculation) and also showed the most rapid disease progression, suggesting that early onset of CNS impairment predicted a more accelerated course of viral disease. All of the infected animals, but not the controls, showed elevated levels of quinolinic acid (an agonist of NMDA receptors) in the CSF. Elevated quinolinic acid correlated with the onset of motor but not cognitive impairment. Neuropathologic examination revealed SIV-induced inflammatory regions in the brains of all the infected animals, with either multinucleated giant cells, perivascular inflammation, or lymphocytic meningitis. As in human HIV-associated motor/cognitive impairment, there was no correlation between the severity of the encephalitis and the degree of functional impairment in SIV-infected macaques. Diffuse and variable gliosis was seen in the cerebrocortical gray matter of all the infected animals, in regions adjacent as well as distant from SIV-induced lesions, as reported in HIV-infected human brain. These results suggest that motor and cognitive impairments observed in SIV-infected macaques may be due to indirect effects of infection, rather than direct virally-mediated damage in CNS parenchymal tissue.
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY Animal Biological Markers/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID Brain/*PATHOLOGY Brain Diseases/*ETIOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY/PATHOLOGY Cognition Disorders/*ETIOLOGY Disease Models, Animal Human HIV Macaca mulatta *Motor Activity Quinolinic Acid/CEREBROSPINAL FLUID Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/IMMUNOLOGY/PATHOLOGY/ *PHYSIOPATHOLOGY *SIV ABSTRACT 930630
M9361078
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1993. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
