Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1993. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
Non-sexual horizontal transmission of SIVSMM.
Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1992 Nov 17-20;10:abstract no. 101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM10/93200947 McClure HM; Novembre FJ; Hirsch VM; Lockwood E; Saucier M; Hamm T; Johnson PR; Yerkes Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; 30322.
Abstract:
The mode of transmission of SIV among nonhuman primates has not been fully documented, although studies have suggested sexual transmission, mother-to-infant transmission, and non-sexual horizontal transmission from bites. As information of this type is needed for colony management and to determine the type of housing needed for animals used in SIV studies, these studies were done to determine if SIV transmission occurred to macaques housed in the same room or same cage with SIV-infected macaques. Three juvenile rhesus and 2 juvenile pigtails were individually caged in the same room with SIV-infected macaques, and 4 infant rhesus were housed in the same cage with SIV-infected infants. The cage contact animals were sexually immature at the time of pairing and included 2 F:F pairs, 1 M:M pair, and 1 M:F pair. The period of cage contact for these pairs was 5.5, 15.5, 41.5 and 42 months. The shorter periods were due to the death of the SIV-infected cage mate. The 2 pairs caged together for 41.5 and 42 mo. were both F:F pairs. Although there was no sexual activity with these long-term pairs, the animals did reach sexual maturity while housed together. Consequently, periodic mensing and incidents of bites and scratches afforded ample opportunity for exposure to blood. There was no evidence of SIV transmission to animals housed in individual cages in the same room, with SIV-infected animals after 4-6 years. All 4 cage contact animals were seronegative when removed from paired caging. However, one of these animals (41.5 mo. cage contact), although virus negative at the time of removal and at 4 months after removal from paired caging, was seropositive and PCR positive at 10 months after it was moved to an individual cage. PCR evaluation of the other 3 cage contact animals, using gag or LTR-specific primers, was negative at 9, 10 and 20 months after removal from paired caging. These observations indicate that transmission of SIV does not occur between individually caged macaques, but that non-sexual transmission can occur from infected to non-infected macaques housed in the same cage.
Keywords: Animal Animal Husbandry Female Macaca mulatta Macaca nemestrina Male Sex Maturation Sexually Transmitted Diseases/TRANSMISSION Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*TRANSMISSION Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. *SIV ABSTRACT 930630
M9361073
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1993. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
