[Chicago, Ill. : American Dental Association, 1988?] 1 videocassette (34 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9301486A
Robertson PB
(Producer) This program provides an overview of issues and relevant facts presented at an international symposium on AIDS in January 1988. The program involved a group of representatives from the international oral AIDS research community, academic dental community, directors of AIDS clinics, and representatives from
New Delhi : World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, 1992 x, 43 p. : ill (Regional health paper, SEARP ; no. 23) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9316476
We have focused our efforts on delineating cancer-associated epitopes expressed on carcinoma cell surface mucin molecules for use in ASI. We used entirely synthetic carbohydrate, peptide, and glycopeptide epitopes expressed on carcinoma cell surface mucin molecules; formulated them into immunotherapeutic vaccines ; a
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A2713 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93693657
Branda RF; Moore AL; Mathews L; McCormack JJ; Zon G; Dept. of Medicine, Vermont Cancer Center, Univ. of Vermont,; Burlington, VT 05401
Serious infections are frequent complications of CLL. We observed that an antisense oligomer designed to treat HIV infection caused splenomegaly and hypergammaglobulinemia in mice. This anti-rev 27-mer also is a potent B-cell mitogen and induces production of high titers of IgM and IgG in normal mice in vivo, and in n
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A3239 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694195
Nerurkar VR; Song KJ; Babu PG; Saraswathi NK; Chandy M; John TJ; Yanagihara R; NIH, Bethesda, MD 21702
Until recently, the occurrence of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection and disease was controversial in India . We have recently identified cases of HTLV-I-associated adult T-cell leukemia and spastic paraparesis among residents of south India. Our serological surveys
To map the virus integration site in a human T-cell line (ACH-2) with a single copy of defective virus, chromosomes were hybridized with a biotinylated HIV-1 DNA probe (Oncor, Gaithersburg, MD). The HIV integration was localized on the short arm of chromosome 7 but several other chromosomes exhibited signal at the cen
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A3257 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694216
Campbell-Washington J; Eiseman JL; MacAuley C; Sentz D; Univ. of Maryland Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
Murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) is induced by infection of susceptible mice (ie, C57BL/6) with LP-BM5, a mixture of murine leukemia viruses (MuLV). The syndrome is characterized by severe immunodeficiency and lymphoproliferation termed MAIDS because of its similarity to human AIDS. Preliminary result
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:610-1 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694365
Jacks T; Dept. of Biology, Center for Cancer Res., Massachusetts Inst. of; Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
The homozygous inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes is a common event in the genesis of a large number of human cancers. In addition, individuals who inherit a defective allele of one of several tumor suppressor genes are strongly predisposed to malignancy. In an effort to understand the tumorigenic effects of tumor
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A1 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694401
Imrie K; Sawka C; Kutas G; Burkes R; Warner E; Brandwein J; Shepherd F; Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma occurring in HIV-infected patients (pts) has a predilection for extranodal sites. We report a series of 24 pts (23 male, 1 female) with HIV-associated GI lymphoma. Their median age was 38 yr (range 24-59). HIV infection antedated the development of lymphoma by 0-108 mo and lymphoma was the AIDS
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A3 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694403
Sparano JA; Wiernik PH; Strack M; Leaf A; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY 10467
18 patients (pts) with HIV- (n=16) or HTLV-I-related (n=2) NHL received a cumulative dose of C (750 mg/m2), D (50 mg/m2), and E (240 mg/m2) given as a continuous iv infusion over 4 days, repeated every 28 or more days. All HIV+ pts had at least one poor prognostic feature associated with a median survival of 2.2-4.2 m
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A4 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694404
Kahn J; Ruiz R; Kerschmann R; Berger T; Ma R; Coleman R; Alford BL; San Francisco General Hosp., San Francisco, CA 94110
Kaposi s sarcoma remains a significant clinical problem for patients (pts) infected with HIV. Recently, rPF4 was cloned and expressed in E coli. rPF4 demonstrates inhibition of angiogenesis and inhibits the of growth KS cells in vitro. A Phase 1/2 study was begun to determine the safety and preliminary effectiveness o
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A5 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694405
Manns A; Cote T; Biggar R; Blattner W; NACMR Study Group, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892
Since leukemia occurs in the setting of immune deficiency, we evaluated the possibility that leukemias may occur at increased frequency in persons with AIDS compared to the general population. Cancer and AIDS registries were linked in four States and age-, sex-, and race-adjusted expected (Exp) numbers of leukemias, i
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A6 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694406
Von Roenn J; von Gunten C; Mullane M; French S; Blough R; Benson AB; Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60604
TRA is a major endogenous metabolite of vitamin A which induces differentiation and/or growth inhibition in many tumorigenic cell lines. TRA is associated with suppression of both the IL-6 receptor alpha chain and IL-6 secretion and inhibits AIDS KS cells from proliferating in culture. 14 patients (pts) with AIDS-rela
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A7 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694407
Goebel FD; Bogner JR; Spathling S; Held M; Sandor P; Trubenbach K; Rauch C; Kronawitter U; Medizinische Poliklink, Univ. of Munich, Germany
Objective: Within the context of a Phase II study of Doxil (Stealth liposomal doxorubicin), we sought to develop and validate an ultrasound method to quantify the response of cutaneous KS lesions to therapy, and to confirm complete response (CR) without the need for biopsy. Methods: 38 patients (pts) with advanced KS
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A8 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694408
Northfelt DW; Martin FJ; Kaplan LD; Russell J; Anderson M; Lang J; Volberding PA; AIDS Program, Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
Objectives: To compare the PK, TL, and safety of comparable single doses of Adriamycin (A) and Doxil in patients with AIDS-KS. Methods: Subjects with AIDS-KS were prospectively randomized to receive a single dose of either A or Doxil, 6 subjects at 10 mg/m2, 6 at 20 mg/m2, and 4 at 40 mg/m2. Plasma drug levels were me
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A9 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694409
Routy JP; Methot F; Simard P; Beaulieu R; Toma E; Dumont M; Centre de recherche, Hotel-Dieu Hosp., Montreal, Quebec H2W 1T8,; Canada,
The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of thoracic RT for bronchopulmonary KS, in patients (pts) who never received chemotherapy. Between September 1990 and September 1992, 17 male pts with lung biopsy-proven KS, and/or positive bronchoscopy findings were included. Ten had experie
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A10 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694410
Alonso K; Pontiggia P; de Bartolomei E; Calvi G; Cuppone Curto F; Nardi C; Lab. Atlanta, Clinica 'Citta di Pavia,' Italy
Treatment of HIV-related KS with antiretrovirals, interferon-a, and antineoplastics has not affected survival. Immunologic impairment is the critical factor in disease progression. Now, we report long-term results in 29 men, 2 women with profound immunologic impairment and disseminated KS (median duration, 12 mo) and
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A11 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694411
Perlis C; Wallace D; Rosenbaum E; Univ. of California/Mount Zion Hosp., 1600 Divisidaro, San; Francisco, CA 94120
A series of 50 patients (pts) diagnosed with HIV have been visited by the director of the art for recovery program (AFRP) with the objective of enhancing their quality of life through artistic expression. Many patients (pts) present with additional diagnoses, of those, pts with
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A14 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694414
Toi M; Myers AM; Univ. of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80204
28 non-AIDS-defining malignancies occurring in 27 individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection were identified at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and its affiliated hospitals from 1988 through 1992. An individual with both Hodgkin s disease and malignant melanoma was seen in 1984. The age
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A15 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694415
Nusbaum NJ; Joseph P; Lee Streich Flow Cytometry Lab., Hematology/Oncology Div.,; Brookdale Hosp. Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11212
Patients (pts) with AIDS-related neoplasms may be considered for treatment with AZT , other antiretroviral agents, therapy for opportunistic infections, and/or cancer chemotherapy. These multiple medications are often poorly tolerated in this pt popula
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A16 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694416
Tambussi G; Torri W; Repetto L; Saracco A; Moresco L; Lazzarin A; Badellino F; Gruppo Italiano di Cooperazione AIDS e Tumori (GICAT), Italy
Objective: several proposals for EKS classification have been made; however,generally accepted criteria are lacking. According to TNM-UICC indications for tumor staging,we propose a new classification system based on a modified Krown s staging which takes into account three major parameters: T, anatomical and morpholo
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A17 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694417
Mullai N; Yusoof S; Ahmed Z; Shiomoto G; Gunter T; Cook County Hosp. (CCH), Chicago, IL 60612
Recently, a change of trend is noticed nation wide in the incidence of lymphoma and Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in AIDS patients (pts). Contrary to the increase in lymphoma and decrease in KS, a different pattern is observed in the urban inner city population of CCH. Since 1985 until July 1992, a total of 196 cases of lymph
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A19 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694419
Sander E; Zampese M; Prolla G; Marques A; Jung F; Venegas LF; Sprinz E; Kronfeld M; Kalakun L; Mans DA; et al; South-American Office for Anticancer Drug Development, Hosp. de; Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil
Etoposide is a topoisomerase II inhibitor whose antitumor activity in preclinical models appears to be schedule-dependent. Notably prolonged drug administration was shown to improve treatment results in patients (pts) with tumors such as small cell lung cancer. In this Phase II trial, oral etoposide was given at the d
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A21 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694421
Schmilovich A; Cahn P; Perez H; Gil Deza E; Huesped Foundation, Gascon 79, (1181) Buenos Aires, Argentina
Between February 1983 and November 1992, 387 AIDS pts according to CDC classification system were assisted al Fernandez Hospital and Huesped Foundation. 296/387 had opportunistic infections (OI), 67/387 had Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and 16/387 had non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL) as initial disease. Eight pts were inevaluabl
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A22 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694422
Savona S; Ohri A; Lakkis W; Salloum E; Garcia N; Hewlett D; Lincoln Hosp., Bronx, NY 10451
Lincoln Hospital is a primary care institution in the South Bronx where the in-hospital HIV rate is estimated at 10%. The major risk factors for HIV infection are iv drug use in 70%, heterosexual contact in 20%, homosexual contact in 5% and blood product associated in 5%. The HIV registry consists of patients (pts) si
Between January 1991 and December 1991, 5 pts with high-grade HIV-CNS-NHL and 1 pt with non-HIV-CNS-NHL entered on a protocol of ICCT (Cancer 67:2844-9, 1991). All HIV-positive pts were on AZT therapy at the time of CNS-NHL diagnosis. All of them had
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A3237 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694193
Moyer MP; Cantu AA; Anderson LS; Torres R; Cagle MP; Jenson HB; Univ. of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78284.
Primary cultures of human submucosal mesenchymal (SM) cells from the intestine infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) displayed Kaposi s sarcoma (KS)-like changes in growth and morphology. More IL-6 was released from HIV-infected than control cultures at early times (3-6 days postinfection) even though v
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A2 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694402
Bakker PJ; Danner SA; ten Napel CH; van Leusen RM; Muusers JA; Veenhof CH; Div. of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Center,; Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Chemotherapy with doxorubicin, bleomycin and vincristine has been reported to result in high response rates and durable remissions in patients (pts) with KS. This treatment has, however, significant side effects such as myelosuppression neurotoxicity. Infectious complications have been reported in approx 40% and neuro
In a pilot study, induction therapy with CHOP and maintenance therapy with IF alpha and AZT were tested. High- and normal-risk patients (pts) were identified. Methods: High risk, 2 of 3 criteria: T4 less than 50 ul; WHO PS 3 + 4; opportunistic infecti
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A13 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694413
Tirelli U; Errante D; Vaccher E; Tavio M; Accurso V; Bernardi D; Talamini R; Spina M; Div. of Medical Oncology and AIDS Program, Italy
Treatment of HIV-related NHL with CT is associated with an increased risk of side effects, in particular bone marrow toxicity. The aim of this study is to compare the toxicity and the cost of CT with G-CSF vs CT without G-CSF. We have analyzed 37 consecutive patients (pts) treated with intensive CT regimens, 19 pts fr
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A18 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694418
Schwartsmann G; Sander E; Prolla G; Sprinz E; Zampese M; Vinholes J; Jung F; Kronfeld M; Kalakun L; Mans DA; et al; South-American Office for Anticancer Drug Development, Hospital; de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil
Basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) is a protein which has been shown to stimulate angiogenesis. Inhibition of b-FGF was shown to block this phenomenon in several tumor models. KS is a highly angiogenic tumor which expresses in culture a protein (K-FGF) that acts in the same receptor as FGF. In this Phase II clinic
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 12:A20 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93694420
Katz A; Levy GC; Albert Einstein Hosp., Sao Paulo, Brazil
AIDS pts often develop leukopenia and G, either related to the HIV infection itself or associated with the use of myelosupressive drugs such as AZT , cytotoxic chemotherapy or DHPG. This common event may prevent the use of these agents or require its t
Tanaka Y; Department of Immunology, School of Hygienic Sciences, Kitasato; University, Kanagawa, Japan.
In our studies, it was demonstrated for the first time that HTLV-I gag and pX, and env and pX antigens are the target antigens recognized by CD8+ CTL in association with RT-1k and RT-1l class I antigens, respectively, in the rat system. Furthermore, the gag-expressing rVV and the env-expressing rVV were shown to have
Mater Med Pol. 1992 Jan-Mar;24(1):21-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93368222
Montero A; Jorfen M; Arpini R; Universidad Nacional De Rosario, Argentina.
Since the beginning of the pandemia caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus several reports have described cases of infection by HIV1 in patients bearing rheumatic diseases. The infection by HIV 1 in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Chronic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (CCLE), however, seems to
Spec Care Dentist. 1992 Nov-Dec;12(6):251-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93369741
Williams BJ; Department of Dental Medicine, Children's Hospital and Medical; Center, Seattle, WA 98105.
This paper reviews orthodontic care in patients who are in nontraditional categories. Specific orthodontic management of a patient who had severe hemophilia, seropositivity for anti-HIV Ab, and Hepatitis B surface antigen is reviewed. The importance of defining acceptable treatment goals in these patients is of paramo
Perrella O; Guerriero M; Izzo E; Soscia M; Carrieri PB; D. Cotugno Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Naples.
We detected the cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF) by ELISA in the CSF and serum of 30 HIV-infected patients classified as AIDS dementia complex (ADC), and 20 subjects with other neurological diseases (OND). We have found a high incidence of dete
Moreno-Carvalho OA; Santos JI; Di Credico G; Galvao-Castro B; Fundacao Jose Silveira-LCR, Brasil.
In order to evaluate the prevalence of HTLV-I infection and its association with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) in Bahia, a Northeastern State of Brazil , CSF and sera from TSP patients and CSF and/or sera from some selected groups of individuals were studied. The results seem t
Recent studies of tropical spastic paraparesis have confirmed the existence of human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-I) in several tropical areas of the world. In order to determine the role of HTLV-I as an etiologic agent of myelopathies in Salvador, we conducted a clinical and serological study in 43 patients wit
Seggia JC; Abreu P; Hospital dos Servidores do Estado INAMPS-RJ, Brasil.
Therapeutic plasmapheresis (plasma exchange) in neurology is a matter of discussion. We review the main articles on clinical trials, both controlled and uncontrolled, trying to establish the efficacy and safety of the procedure. Humoral aspects involved in the genesis of the disorder play an important role for its ind
The acute infection of the CNS by Trypanosoma cruzi acquired by blood transfusion is uncommon. The concomitance of AIDS in the patient reported shows the importance of cellular immunity in restriction of this parasite, and reinforces the problem of blood transfusion in endemic zones.
Melo A; Moura L; Meireles A; Costa G; Departamento de Ciencias da Biorregulacao, Instituto de; Ciencias da Saude, Salvador BA, Brasil.
We investigated the efficacy of danazol treatment in eight patients with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Treatment with danazol yielded clinical improvement of urinary control and gait disturbances in 7 out of the 8 patients. The improvement was noted within 15 days of danazol admi
Courtois F; Jullien AM; Chenais F; Noel L; Pinon F; Poste de Transfusion Sanguine, Hopital Beaujon, CLICHY.
A National Register of transfusion-transmitted infections was opened by the French Society of Blood Transfusion on 1 October, 1986. Out of 54 initially reported cases of HIV-infection, allegedly transmitted by blood components, further investigation could be completed in 33 cases. The transfusional origin of contamina
Wadia MR; Karve SR; Blood Bank, Department of Pathology, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune.
This paper describes the experience in testing for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) at a private institution. A total of 31,003 persons were tested between August 1986 and June 1990 including 20, 321 blood donors. The other 10,712 were visitors to the Ohso International Commune (OIC), a commun
Struchiner CJ; Halloran ME; GRIS, Universite de Montreal, QC Canada.
This paper discusses current strategies for the development of AIDS vaccines which allow immunization to disturb the natural course of HIV at different detailed stages of its life cycle. Mathematical models describing the main biological phenomena (i.e. virus and vaccine induced T4 cell growth; virus and vaccine induc
Caterino-de-Araujo A; Secao de Imunologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, SP, Brasil.
The present report describes an alternative method for in vitro detection of HIV-1-specific antibody secretion in 24h of culture employing as stimulant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells the disrupted inactivated whole virus adsorbed onto microwells in a commercial ELISA kit plates. The results obtained from this t
Fachado A; Fonte L; Alvarez A; Alberti E; Finlay CM; Departamento de Protozoologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical; Pedro Kouri, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba.
Zumla A; Croft SL; Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Texas, School of; Medicine and Public Health, Houston.
Parasitic diseases are endemic in parts of the tropics, but there is no convincing evidence that their prevalence or incidence is increasing due to the HIV epidemic. Available scientific data on parasitic infections in patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) suggests a predominance of Pneumocystis
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 1992 Apr-Jun;25(2):95-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93391688
Wainstein MV; Ferreira L; Wolfenbuttel L; Golbspan L; Sprinz E; Kronfeld M; Edelweiss MI; Unidade de Doencas Infecciosas, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto; Alegre, Brasil.
This is an autopsy study performed in a retrospective fashion to determine the incidence of diseases that could affect the central nervous system in AIDS. For this purpose, 138 autopsies of patients with AIDS performed at the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil , between Ja
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 1992 Jul-Sep;25(3):165-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93391691
Campos CE; Igreja RP; Campos EP; Depto. de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Estadual; Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
A total of 35 in patients admitted at Emilio Ribas Hospital--Sao Paulo, Brazil , with digestive candidiasis and AIDS clinical diagnostic were evaluated 10 month later, being 29 male and 6 female; white outnumbering black with age ranged from 30 to 50 years old. Agar Sabouraud cultur
Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat. 1992 Sep;38(3):245-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392681
Gutierrez Fraile M; Ballesteros J; Garcia E; Toribio O; Universidad del Pais Vasco, Departamento de Neurociencias,; Hospital Santiago Apostol, Vitoria, Espana.
Use of condom in sexual intercourse by intravenous drug users has been assessed among a clinical population (n = 139). The multiple logistic regression results show that being a female (OR = 5.1, 95% CI = 2.0-13.2), on drug dependence for a 5-year period or more (OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.3-6.9) correlates with non-condom
Livramento JA; Machado LR; Nobrega JP; Gomes HR; Vianna LS; Spina-Franca A; CIN Neurology Investigation Center, Department of Neurology,; Faculty of Medicine, Sao Paulo University, Brasil.
In an eight years time period (July 1984-June 1992) CSF samples of 40718 patients were studied, and 610 were from patients with AIDS clinically diagnosed and immunologically confirmed through HIV antibodies detection. Among opportunistic infections detected in them 85 were CNS cryptococcosis. For the purpose of this s
Machado LR; Livramento JA; Spina-Franca A; CIN Neurology Investigation Center, Department of Neurology,; Faculty of Medicine, Sao Paulo University, Brasil.
The behavior of CSF inflammatory pattern in patients with AIDS and/or toxoplasmosis of the CNS is studied in 176 patients, divided in three groups. In the first group, 96 patients with toxoplasmosis and AIDS are considered; in the second group, 50 patients with toxoplasmosis without AIDS; in the third group, 30 AIDS p
Supparatpinyo K; Chiewchanvit S; Hirunsri P; Baosoung V; Uthammachai C; Chaimongkol B; Sirisanthana T; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai; University, Thailand.
OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of itraconazole in treating P. marneffei infection. METHODS: Ten patients with previously untreated P. marneffei infection were given oral itraconazole at a dose of 200 mg twice a day for 2 months, followed by a dose of 100 mg once a day for 1 month. Efficacy was determi
Valdivia A; Marrero M; Alvarez M; Mune M; Valdes O; Roges G; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kouri, La Habana, Cuba.
Immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase test directed against early viral antigens, and DNA-DNA hybridization were compared with viral isolation for their abilities to detect Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) in the urine of 89 HIV infected patients. From the 100 urine samp
Couto-Fernandez JC; Morgado MG; dos Santos JI; Galvao-Castro B; Laboratorio Avancado de Saude Publica, Centro de Pesquisas; Goncalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
To determine the genomic polymorphism and biological properties present in HIV-1 Brazilian isolates, we analyzed five viral isolates obtained from patients residing in Rio de Janeiro (P1 and P5), Sao Paulo (P3) and Bahia (P2 and P4) states. For each viral isolate in vitro characteristics such as replication rate, sync
Koziel MJ; Walker BD; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
An increasing number of antiviral agents are presently in various stages of development and testing, and an increasing number have recently been licensed for use in humans. These drugs have been used extensively to treat viral infections in immunocompromised individuals, and these studies indicate that for many antivi
Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1992;105:36-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392314
Kinter AL; Poli G; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Courouce AM; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris.
In France , HIV seroprevalence in blood donations still decreased from 1990 to 1992 with an important diminution in 1992, in first time donors as well as in regular donors. During the last 1992 semester, this prevalence reached 0.051%: 0.19% and 0.026% in donations from first time a
Burgess A; Dayer M; Catalan J; Hawkins D; Gazzard B; Department of Psychological Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster; Hospital, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability and validity of two HIV-specific Quality-of-Life (QoL) questionnaires in a UK sample. METHOD: Subjects were 99 HIV-seropositive gay men (23 were asymptomatic, 41 were asymptomatic, 35 had AIDS). QoL was measured using two HIV-specific QoL questionnaires. MEASURES: An adaptation o
Kopec-Schrader E; Tindall B; Learmont J; Wylie B; Kaldor JM; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of development of AIDS, and the demographic and clinical cofactors for development of AIDS in a group of 117 people with transfusion-acquired HIV infection, who were infected between 1980 and 1985 in New South Wales, Australia . RESULTS: By Decemb
Myers SS; Heimer R; Liu D; Henrard D; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
OBJECTIVE: Direct HIV testing of individual injecting drug users is not always feasible. As an alternative, we have evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of several techniques for detecting HIV-1-specific products in used syringes. DESIGN: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody-capture assays were compared u
Seidel EA; Koenig S; Polis MA; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the maximum tolerated dose of intravenous foscarnet (trisodium phosphonoformate hexahydrate); and to examine antiviral activity at plasma levels shown to inhibit HIV-1. DESIGN: Dose escalation study in three male subjects with AIDS who received foscarnet by continuous intravenous infusion at a
de Boer JB; van Dam FS; Sprangers MA; Frissen PH; Lange JM; WHO Collaborating Centre on Quality of Life, The Netherlands; Cancer Institute, Amsterdam.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the effect of treatment with zidovudine (ZDV) or a combination of ZDV and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on patient Quality-of-Life (QoL); and to document changes over time in QoL. DESIGN: This study is part of a longitudinal, randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing the efficacy and tolera
Elliott AM; Hayes RJ; Halwiindi B; Luo N; Tembo G; Pobee JO; Nunn PP; McAdam KP; School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of HIV on infectiousness of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). DESIGN: A cross-sectional tuberculin survey carried out among household contacts of HIV-1-positive and negative patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB. Contacts were also examined for active TB. SETTING: Index cas
Andreasson PA; Dias F; Naucler A; Andersson S; Biberfeld G; Laboratorio Nacional de Saude Publica, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the vertical transmission rate of HIV-2 and clinical findings associated with vertically transmitted HIV-2 infection. DESIGN: A prospective study of HIV-2 transmission in children of HIV-2-seropositive mothers, and a comparison of clinical findings between children of seropositive and seronega
Lackritz EM; Ruebush TK 2d; Zucker JR; Adungosi JE; Were JB; Campbell CC; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724.
OBJECTIVES: To identify ways to improve the operation of blood-screening programs and to decrease the inappropriate use of blood by evaluating blood-transfusion practices and blood-banking services in a Kenyan hospital. DESIGN: Prospective cohort. SETTING: The study was conducted in a rural district hospital in wester
Ho G Jr; Division of Rheumatology, Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI 02906.
The 1992 literature on septic arthritis reiterated the factors that portend a poor outcome in septic arthritis. However, we still know very little about how to improve the outcome for such patients. Infections of the musculoskeletal system may be more common among patients with HIV than the reported cases indicate. Ba
Iyer M; Gorevic PD; Department of Medicine, SUNY, Stony Brook 11794-8161.
The spectrum of arthropathy in non-HIV immune deficiency states includes arthritis due to prevalent infectious pathogens and autoimmunity that may in some instances be triggered by microorganisms. Joint symptoms may be clinical manifestations of disease, or they may develop later during therapy for immunodeficiency. P
Stys D; Blaha I; Strop P; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of; Science, Prague.
Protein p6 from HIV-1 gag open reading frame is reported to affect both the final phase of assembly of the viral particle and the early stage of the gag polyprotein maturation in vitro. Two separate hypotheses have been proposed, on only one of these reported effects. We think that both observations may be eventually
Aust J Public Health. 1993 Mar;17(1):13-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93363706
Caplehorn JR; Saunders JB; Centre for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Royal Prince Alfred; Hospital, Sydney.
A survey was undertaken in Sydney in 1989 to identify factors associated with behaviour involving risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Self-report data on needle-sharing and sexual practices were collected from 91 heroin users entering a residential, drug-free detoxification unit. Data were analysed using
Aust J Public Health. 1993 Mar;17(1):27-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93363710
Waddell C; Department of Anthropology, University of Western Australia,; Nedlands.
This paper answers the questions: who is and is not tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies, why, where are they tested, and what do they find difficult about the testing process? The data came from two samples of sexually active heterosexual, bisexual and gay men in Perth (N = 545). Bisexual and gay
Aust J Public Health. 1993 Mar;17(1):32-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93363711
Chetwynd J; Chambers A; Hughes A; Department of Community Health and General Practice, Christchurch; School of Medicine, New Zealand.
Data were collected from 814 clients attending anonymously for counselling before tests for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection at the Burnett Clinic in Auckland. Just over 10 per cent of clients (n = 83) reported ever having injected drugs. This group was matched according to age, gender, ethnicity and sexua
Protein Sci. 1993 Jul;2(7):1085-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93364260
Baca M; Alewood PF; Kent SB; Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037.
An important goal in the de novo design of enzymes is the control of molecular geometry. To this end, an analog of the protease from human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1 protease) was prepared by total chemical synthesis, containing a constrained, nonpeptidic type II beta-turn mimic of predetermined three-dimensiona
Shimizu N; Naoe T; Kawazoe Y; Sakagami H; Nakashima H; Murakami T; Yamamoto N; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University,; Japan.
After the dehydrogenation polymer of p-coumaric acid, a synthetic lignin, was intravenously injected into mice, the serum was collected immediately, 15 min, 1 h, 5 h, and 24 h after the injection. The serum thus obtained was added to the assay medium containing MT-4 cells infected with HTLV-IIIB (an HIV-1 strain). Inh
Mailloux G; Bournique B; Fondation de recherche en Hormonologie, Banque de sperme et; laboratoire de biologie moleculaire, Paris.
Screening and prevention are two major weapons in the fight against AIDS. Procreation of couples where the spouse is seropositive poses a serious ethical social and epidemiological problem. We have consequently established a list of the current biological data concerning HIV in the sperm at the level of non germinal c
Can J Public Health. 1993 May-Jun;84(3):177-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93364853
Elnitsky SL; Abernathy TJ; Department of Public Health, ON.
This report provides a baseline description of a sample of injection drug users who are clients of a needle exchange program in Calgary, Alberta. The results of the study suggest a relatively older, predominantly male clientele who reported heavy and sustained use of drugs, particularly cocaine. Despite a high level o
Can J Public Health. 1993 May-Jun;84(3):186-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93364856
Adrien A; Boivin JF; Hankins C; Leaune V; Tousignant Y; Tremblay J; Departement de sante communautaire de l'Hopital general de; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
To determine attitudes and beliefs related to AIDS among the population of metropolitan Montreal of Haitian origin, we conducted serial cross-sectional surveys between 1987 and 1990 among a random sample of 777 men and women aged 15 to 39. Data on perceived risk of AIDS and attitudes towards HIV testing were collected
Inderlied CB; Kemper CA; Bermudez LE; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Childrens; Hospital, Los Angeles, California 90027.
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease emerged early in the epidemic of AIDS as one of the common opportunistic infections afflicting human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. However, only over the past few years has a consensus developed about its significance to the morbidity and mortality of AIDS. M. aviu
Herskowitz A; Willoughby S; Wu TC; Beschorner WE; Neumann DA; Rose NR; Baughman KL; Ansari AA; Department of Medicine, School of Public Health and Hygiene,; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Zorza G; Beaugerie L; Taburet AM; Le Quintrec Y; Singlas E; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Bicetre Hospital, Paris, France.
Many patients with AIDS have gastrointestinal complaints, including the major clinical disorder of chronic diarrhoea. The pharmacokinetics of zidovudine was studied in 9 male patients with HIV infection and diarrhoea to establish whether drug absorption was impaired in them. The peak plasma concentration and AUC after
Surawicz CM; Kirby P; Critchlow C; Sayer J; Dunphy C; Kiviat N; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle.
BACKGROUND: Both anal squamous cell cancer and human papilloma virus (HPV) are increased in homosexual men. This study evaluates histology of internal anal abnormalities in a high-risk population of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive and seronegative homosexual men. METHODS: Ninety men with abnormalities
Int J Addict. 1993 Jul;28(9):837-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93366487
Jason J; Solomon L; Celentano DD; Vlahov D; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Department of Health and Human; Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
To access the potential of using the mass media to reach urban intravenous drug users (IVDUs) with AIDS prevention messages, we: 1) questioned 353 participants in a Baltimore IVDU cohort study on their media use and sources of AIDS information, 2) analyzed data on Baltimore AIDS public service announcement (PSA) airin
Int J Epidemiol. 1993 Jun;22(3):528-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93366514
Killewo JZ; Sandstrom A; Bredberg Raden U; Mhalu FS; Biberfeld G; Wall S; Muhimbili Medical Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
The results of a population-based follow-up study are presented. The baseline study which started in August 1987, was carried out to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection in the Kagera region of Tanzania . A multistage cluster sampling techniqu
Int J Epidemiol. 1993 Jun;22(3):537-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93366515
Hernandez-Aguado I; Bolumar F; Instituto Valenciano de Estudios en Salud Publica, Universidad; de Alicante, Valencia, Spain.
From 1987 through 1991, 2687 intravenous drug users recruited at three AIDS information centres in the Region of Valencia ( Spain ) were interviewed about drug use and sexual behaviour and subsequently tested for HIV-1 antibody. The overall seroprevalence was high, 50% (95% confidence
Int J Psychiatry Med. 1993;23(2):99-117. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93366556
Longo D; Koehn K; Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the evidence which supports the association between psychosocial factors and genital herpes simplex virus recurrences (HSV), as well as to examine the biological and psychological treatments for disease. METHOD: Forty-five st
Noda S; Eizuru Y; Minamishima Y; Ikenoue T; Mori N; Department of Microbiology, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan.
A simple method for detection of proviral DNA sequences of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was developed using dried blood specimens on filter papers. The whole blood was blotted onto the Guthrie paper. After the blood has dried, the blotted paper was punched out into small discs. The discs were then b
Sanchez-Borges M; Orozco A; Di Biagio E; Tami I; Suarez-Chacon R; Centro de Oncologia y Hematologia, Ministerio de Sanidad y; Asistencia Social, Caracas, Venezuela.
J Med Virol. 1993 Jun;40(2):91-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93367422
Varon D; Handsher R; Dardik R; Gitel S; Ra'anani P; Heim M; Martinowitz U; National Hemophilia Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer,; Israel.
Hemophilic patients may present immunological dysfunctions resulting from either human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, or other factors like impure factor VIII concentrate and other viral infections. We evaluated prospectively the serologic response to polio vaccination of Israeli hemophilic patients who were
Duyckaerts C; Sazdovitch V; Seilhean D; Delaere P; Hauw JJ; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie R. Escourolle, INSERM U360,; Hopital de La Salpetriere, Paris, France.
The Brain Bank of La Salpetriere Hospital (Paris) is implanted in a neuropathology laboratory. It is multipurpose, prospective, and free of charge for the users. Protocols are prospectively established, in collaboration with the neuroscientists. One of our major difficulties in the collection of cases concerns present
Tourtellotte WW; Rosario IP; Conrad A; Syndulko K; Neurology Service, VAMC W. Los Angeles, CA.
The National Neurological Research Specimen Bank (The Bank) was established in 1961 to provide a vital service to neuroscientists. Our purpose is to support medical research which seeks the etiopathogenesis for devastating neurological disorders with no known cause, treatment or precise animal model. It serves as a br
Davies J; Everall IP; Lantos PL; Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Psychiatry, London,; U.K.
This paper addresses the issues in establishing a contemporary AIDS Brain Bank with a Database. It draws comparisons from the past when a similar approach was made towards the understanding of mental illness and its treatment. The aim of the Brain Bank is to provide a comprehensive range of neuropathologically charact
Steel TR; Pell MF; Turner JJ; Lim GH; Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney,; Australia.
A case of spinal epidural leiomyoma is reported in a 52-year-old man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The tumor arose in the epidural region at the T-3 vertebral level, and the patient presented with radicular pain in the right T-3 dermatome. While soft-tissue tumors such as Kaposi s sarcoma and l
Hoffer LJ; Taveroff A; Robitaille L; Mamer OA; Reimer ML; McGill Nutrition and Food Science Centre, Royal Victoria; Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Plasma concentrations of the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine, and those of leucine s and isoleucine s transamination products alpha-ketoisocaproic acid (KICA) and alpha-keto-beta-methylvaleric acid (KMVA), respectively, are known to increase after a protein meal or during extended fasting, bu
J Med Chem. 1993 Aug 6;36(16):2300-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93367769
Ghosh AK; Thompson WJ; Holloway MK; McKee SP; Duong TT; Lee HY; Munson PM; Smith AM; Wai JM; Darke PL; et al; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratory,; West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
A series of protease inhibitors bearing constrained unnatural amino acids at the P2-position and novel heterocycles at the P3-position of compound 1 (Ro 31-8959) were synthesized, and their in vitro enzyme inhibitory and antiviral activities were evaluated. Replacem
J Med Chem. 1993 Aug 6;36(16):2321-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93367771
Newlander KA; Callahan JF; Moore ML; Tomaszek TA Jr; Huffman WF; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Peptidomimetic Research,; SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania; 19406.
C7 mimetics, designed to lock three amino acid residues of a peptide chain into a gamma-turn conformation, were introduced sequentially between the P3 to P2 positions of a model HIV-1 protease substrate I (resulting in compounds II-IV) to probe its conformational requirements in binding to HIV-1 protease. Of these, c
Ina Y; 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya City University.
Since the introduction of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) by Reynolds, et al. in 1974, direct examination of cells from interest sites in the lung has generated great progress in our understanding of pulmonary diseases. In the present study, BAL and the clinical usefulness of BAL in diagnosing and treating pulmonary dise
Waldmann TA; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus I (HTLV-I)-associated leukemia/lymphoma were treated with different forms of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R)-directed therapy that exploit the difference in IL-2R expression between normal and malignant cells. Using unmodified anti-T
Brady HJ; Miles CG; Pennington DJ; Dzierzak EA; Laboratory of Gene Structure and Expression, National Institute; for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, U.K.
We have a developed a retroviral mediated molecular ablation method to specifically eliminate HIV Tat-expressing cells. This approach utilizes the Tat-inducible HIV-2 promoter and a conditional toxin gene. The Herpes Simplex Virus thymidine kinase gene product is toxic to mammalian cells only after treatment with Ganc
Lifson JD; Division of Cellular Immunology, Genelabs Incorporated, Redwood; City, California 94063.
CD4-dependent HIV envelope glycoprotein-induced membrane fusion events play a key role in the life cycle of HIV and are involved both in infection mediated by viral particles and in virally mediated cytopathic processes. The relevant events involve binding interactions between the HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 and t
The immunoreactivity of 25 synthetic peptides corresponding to amino acid fragments of the HTLV-I structural proteins p19 gag, gp46 and gp21 env were studied in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay using a serum panel of 70 reference positive specimens with anti-HTLV-I antibodies. The location of the synthetic peptides c
The spatial structure model of peptide T (AIDS reproduction inhibitor, the amino acid sequence of which corresponds to the fragment into the binding site of the virus protein gp120 with T4 receptor) is proposed. Peptide structure modelling has been carried out by the previously developed method based on joint usage of
Boneschi M; Miani S; Erba M; Giuffrida GF; Eusebio D; Giordanengo F; Istituto di Chirurgia Generale e Cardiovascolare, Universita; degli Studi di Milano.
The widespread use of heroin has revealed the growing life-threatening complications consequent on drug practice. The effects of heroin on the cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal and central nervous system have been well described in medical literature, but the vascular complication of chronic occlusive arterial disease
Orv Hetil. 1993 Aug 29;134(35):1921-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93368928
Balint Gabor S; Szent-Gyorgyi Albert Orvostudomanyi Egyetem Ideg- es; Elmegyogyaszati Klinikajanak Klinikai Farmakologiai; Laboratoriuma, Szeged.
The nucleoside-analogue azidothymidine is the first effective drug in the management of HIV-infection although it is not a causal therapy. Azidothymidine increases the life-span of the HIV-positive patients, decreases the incidence of opportunistic infections and enhances the quality of life. The current recommendatio
Suzuki T; Hirai H; Fujisawa J; Fujita T; Yoshida M; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of; Tokyo, Japan.
A transcriptional activator of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) activates at least three distinct enhancers: the viral 21-bp enhancer, the NF-kappa B binding site of the IL-2R alpha gene and the CArG box of the c-fos gene. To understand the mechanisms of Tax transactivations of the NF-kappa B enhancer and C
Sif S; Capobianco AJ; Gilmore TD; Department of Biology, Boston University, Massachusetts 02215.
The v-Rel oncoprotein of the avian Rev-T retrovirus is a member of a family of related transcription factors, which also includes the subunits of NF-kappa B and several other interacting cellular proteins. We show here that v-Rel specifically increased expression from a reporter plasmid containing multiple Sp1 binding
Schonfeld DJ; Johnson SR; Perrin EC; O'Hare LL; Cicchetti DV; Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, CT 06510.
OBJECTIVES. The developmental process by which young children acquire an understanding of the concepts of causality, treatment, and prevention of illness as related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is poorly understood. Previous studies have focused on adolescent populations and have measured the facts tha
Cordaro JA; Morse GD; Bartos L; Gugino LJ; Maliszewski M; Colomaio R; Shelton M; O'Donnell A; Hewitt R; Center for Clinical Pharmacy Research, State University of New; York, Buffalo 14215.
STUDY OBJECTIVE. To examine the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine during the menstrual cycle in human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) positive women. DESIGN. Open, unblinded study. SETTING. A women s clinic for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at a large medical center. PATIENTS. HIV-positive women with a CD4+ ce
In a prospective survey conducted in 1990 in the Principal Hospital of Dakar, pulmonary tuberculosis was 2.3 times more frequent in HIV seropositive patients (12.5%) than in HIV seronegative patients. We studied 22 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV+ patients and compared them with a control group of HIV- patients
Rev Med Interne. 1993 Jan;14(1):21-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93369383
Chouaid C; Schuller MP; Febvre M; Urban T; Housset B; Lebeau B; Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Saint-Antoine, Paris.
In a prospective study the authors compared the clinical, radiological, biochemical and diagnostic features of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in HIV-infected patients who were or were not receiving a specific prophylactic treatment. The study included 386 patients with suspected PCP, 201 of whom were under speci
Lim SG; Menzies IS; Lee CA; Johnson MA; Pounder RE; University Dept. of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital and School of; Medicine, London, U.K.
The relationships among intestinal permeability, advancing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and the presence of diarrhoea or weight loss were investigated in 51 HIV patients and 20 healthy controls. Ten patients with untreated coeliac disease were also investigated for comparison. Fasting subjects drank a
Bottiger M; Biberfeld G; Janzon R; Forsgren M; Von Sydow M; Grillner L; Annell A; Department of Epidemiology & Immunology, National Bacteriological; Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden.
The available information about testings for HIV antibodies in injecting drug users (IDUs) carried out in Stockholm between 1984 and 1992 has been compiled. These testings were carried out mainly in special settings. The use of codes (the first 2 digits giving the age and the last 4 the 6 and checking figures in the i
Hansson BG; Hansson HB; Ohlin AK; Nordenfelt E; Department of Medical Microbiology, General Hospital, Malmo,; Sweden.
With the aim of estimating the unknown spread of HIV into the general society, a program for testing pooled routine sera from a clinical chemistry laboratory has been tried. Serum samples obtained from the daily inflow of blood tubes at the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Malmo General Hospital, and not labelled as ris
Storgaard M; Laursen AL; Andersen PL; Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Marselisborg; Hospital, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
The acute phase C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured in serum of HIV-infected patients suffering from Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) (32 patients), bacterial pneumonia (10 patients), and in 19 immunocompetent patients with bacterial pneumonia. The HIV-infected patients with bacterial pneumonia had a significant
Ewig S; Rockstroh JK; Christ F; Department of Internal Medicine, Universitat Bonn, Germany.
We describe an atypical diagnostic feature of a breakthrough Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) during primary prophylaxis with aerosolized pentamidine. Our case disclosed infiltrates restricted to the left upper lobe. After 2 weeks a solitary cavity developed. Diagnosis was easily established by bronchoalveolar lav
Batsuuri J; Dashnyam B; Maidar J; Battulga D; Dorjsuren D; Ishida T; Department of Genetics, National Centre of Anthropology,; Mongolian State University of Medicine, Ulan-Bator.
The prevalence of human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type-1 (HTLV-1) was surveyed in Mongolia . A total of 1100 blood samples from different ethnic groups of the Mongolian population were examined for the presence of antibodies to HTLV-1 by serological tests using particle agglutinat
Ozawa MN; Auslander WF; Slonim-Nevo V; George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University,; St. Louis, MO 63130-4899.
The problem of financing the care of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has reached crisis proportions. How will the United States cope with paying for the care of AIDS patients, many of whom either are denied private insurance or simply do not have money to pay f
Indyk D; Belville R; Lachapelle S; Gordon G; Dewart T; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10028.
This article presents an analysis and typology of community-based care for a young Hispanic mother with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). It develops a conceptual framework that examines retrospectively the needs generated by AIDS over time, the appropriateness of the services, and an assessment of the inter
Gellert GA; Berkowitz CD; Gellert MJ; Durfee MJ; Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix 85012.
The frequency of HIV transmission to children and adolescents through sexual abuse is unknown. Because the incidences of HIV infection and of reported sexual abuse are both increasing, the transmission of HIV to children through sexual abuse may also be increasing. Social workers may have expanding roles in the decisi
Riley JL; Greene RR; Health Science and Policy Program, University of Maryland,; Baltimore 21228.
Participants in a number of different HIV/AIDS educational programs, varying in content, length of course, and student audience, were surveyed to determine if education could help reduce fear and increase comfort in work with HIV/AIDS clients. It was hypothesized that attitude scores would improve following exposure t
McDonell JR; School of Social Service, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga; 37304-2598.
This article examines the influence that attributions of personal responsibility for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus have on service and policy responses to the epidemic. A model of attributed responsibility is proposed that classifies social judgments of another person s behavior that take into accoun
Reamer FG; School of Social Work, Rhode Island College, Providence 02908.
Social workers are becoming increasingly involved in casework and social policy debate related to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) crisis. To enhance their delivery of services and contribution to policy formulation, social workers need to be familiar with a wide range of ethical and civil liberties issu
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1993 Mar;24(1):18-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93369689
Soe S; Win PP; Zaw AK; Hla NN; Lwin S; Myint S; Swe T; Mya Y; Department of Medical Research, Yangon General Hospital, Myanmar.
Twenty-two hospitalized HIV seropositive patients were studied prospectively between July 1991 and January 1992. The majority of the patients were intravenous drug users (IVDUs). Their age ranged from 20 to 38 years with a male preponderance of 12 to 1. Anemia, lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia were observed in 100%, 3
Ohshio I; Hatayama A; Kaneda K; Takahara M; Nagashima K; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University School of; Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
The authors report a correlation between histopathologic features and magnetic resonance images of spinal cord lesions in 19 human spinal cords with various types of lesions. Abnormally high T2-weighted image signal intensities appeared nonspecifically in mildly altered lesions or areas with edema. In the gray matter,
Lopaciuk S; Samodzielnej Pracowni Krzepniecia Krwi i Hemostazy, Instytutu; Hematologii i Transfuzjologii, Warszawie.
Thrombocytopenia is a common complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Its pathogenesis has not yet been established. An increased platelet destruction either due to the nonspecific deposition of circulating immune complexes on platelets or to the presence of specific antiplatelet antibodies as wel
Am J Pathol. 1993 Sep;143(3):699-713. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370550
Muller JG; Krenn V; Schindler C; Czub S; Stahl-Hennig C; Coulibaly C; Hunsmann G; Kneitz C; Kerkau T; Rethwilm A; et al; Institute of Pathology, University of Wurzburg, Germany.
The role of the thymus in the pathogenesis of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was investigated in 18 juvenile rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). The thymus was infected from the first week post-SIVmac inoculation, but the amount of virus-positive cells was very low (
Am J Pathol. 1993 Sep;143(3):814-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370560
Mattana J; Abramovici M; Singhal PC; Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New; Hyde Park, New York 11042.
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are prone to the development of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, a lesion in which increased mesangial cell proliferation and matrix synthesis may play a role. We undertook the present study to determine whether HIV sera may affect mesangial cell proliferat
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Jun 23;685:432-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370886
Sidwell RW; Morrey JD; Okleberry KM; Burger RA; Warren RP; Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan; 84322-5600.
The disease induced by the Friend virus complex (FV) in F1 hybrid mice containing the Rfv-3r/s genotype in the presence of H-2a/a was used to evaluate a variety of immunomodulating substances. In these genetically defined mice, the FV disease results in splenomegaly, early production of high titers of cell-associated
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Jun 23;685:603-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370909
Waldmann TA; Goldman C; Top L; Grant A; Burton J; Bamford R; Roessler E; Horak I; Zaknoen S; Kasten-Sportes C; et al; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Jun 23;685:687-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370919
Sneller MC; Lane HC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Jun 23;685:697-712. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370920
Rohrbaugh ML; McGowan JJ; Division of Extramural Activities, National Institute of Allergy; and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1993 Mar;22(2):142-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370977
Chew SK; Epidemiology Unit Communicable Disease Centre, Singapore.
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and recognised a decade ago, has reached pandemic proportions worldwide. By early 1992, the World Health Organisation estimates that at least 10 to 12 million people are infected with HIV globally. The majority of these inf
Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1993 Mar;22(2):242-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370995
Tien SL; Ong YW; Tan P; Tan H; Haematology Department, Singapore General Hospital.
Sixty-five patients with haemophilia A from Singapore General Hospital, treated within the last 15 years exclusively with cryoprecipitate, were studied for the effect of the total number of exposures to random blood donors on their immune system. These haemophiliacs were aged 4
Nordmann P; Nicolas MH; Gutmann L; Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hopital Raymond Poincare,; Faculte de Medecine Paris-Ouest, Garches, France.
Rhodococcus equi is a gram-positive coccobacillus which, like other members of the order Actinomycetales, is increasingly reported as an opportunistic pathogen in patients with AIDS. The use of combinations of antibiotics that include imipenem (IMP) has been suggested for the treatment of patients infected with R. equ
Hughes WT; Jacobus DP; Canfield C; Killmar J; Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research; Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105.
A newly synthesized biguanide inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase in Plasmodium species was evaluated for its anti-Pneumocystis carinii activity. The compound N-3-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropyloxy)-N -(1-methylethyl)imidoca rbonimidic diamide hydrochloride, designated PS-15, was administered prophylactically and thera
Burger DM; Meenhorst PL; Koks CH; Beijnen JH; Department of Pharmacy, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
A potential pharmacokinetic interaction between rifampin (Rimactan, Rifadin) and zidovudine ( AZT , Retrovir) was investigated in the population of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients at our hospital. The results from four patients who were o
Walzer PD; Foy J; Steele P; White M; Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of; Infectious Diseases, Ohio.
We compared Ro 11-8958, an analog of trimethoprim (TMP) with improved antimicrobial and pharmacokinetic properties, other dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitors, sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and dapsone (DAP) in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an immunosuppressed rat model. In contrast to previous rep
Helbert MR; L'age-Stehr J; Mitchison NA; Robert Koch Institut des Bundesgesundheitsamtes, Berlin, Germany.
A key factor causing immunodeficiency in HIV infection seems to be defective antigen presentation. Consequently, CD4+ T-cell populations, initially those expressing CD45RO, decrease in number not because of their destruction, but because they fail to expand in response to antigenic stimulation. This view implies that
Blomberg J; Lawoko A; Pipkorn R; Moyo S; Malmvall BE; Shao J; Dash R; Tswana S; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Lund, Sweden.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the known sequence differences between African and non-African HIV-1 strains are reflected in the serological response. DESIGN AND METHODS: We investigated the antibody reactivity of 34 Swedish, 30 Tanzanian and 42 Zimbabwean HIV-1-positive sera to 67 synthetic peptides with sequences f
Louwagie J; McCutchan FE; Peeters M; Brennan TP; Sanders-Buell E; Eddy GA; van der Groen G; Fransen K; Gershy-Damet GM; Deleys R; et al; Henry M. Jackson Foundation Research Laboratory, Rockville,; Maryland 20850.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of genetic variation among internationally collected HIV-1 isolates, to analyse phylogenetic relationships and the geographic distribution of different variants. DESIGN: Phylogenetic comparison of 70 HIV-1 isolates collected in 15 countries on four continents. METHODS: To sequence th
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of the anti-cellular immune response in the protection of rhesus macaques against infection with the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac. To determine the biological differences between SIV challenge stocks grown either on human T-cell lines or on monkey peripheral blood mononuclear
Bell SJ; Geczy AF; Russell-Jones GJ; Croft S; Cooper DA; Penny R; Centre for Immunology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South; Wales, Australia.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential of TraT to restore HIV-specific cell-mediated immunity. DESIGN: CD4+ T cell-associated antiviral and recall antigen-specific lymphoproliferative responses are generally impaired or absent in HIV-infected individuals. METHODS: Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from a g
Vianelli N; Catani L; Gugliotta L; Belmonte MM; Cascione L; Colangeli V; Ricchi E; Mazza P; Mazzucconi MG; Chistolini A; et al; Institute of Haematology, S. Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and the mechanism of action of alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) in the treatment of HIV-related thrombocytopenia. METHODS: Thirteen HIV-positive subjects [nine men and four women with severe thrombocytopenia (platelets,
Coker RJ; Viviani M; Gazzard BG; Du Pont B; Pohle HD; Murphy SM; Atouguia J; Champalimaud JL; Harris JR; St Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) in the primary treatment of AIDS-associated cryptococcosis. DESIGN: A Phase II, multicentre, European, non-comparative, open study to assess the use of AmBisome in 23 patients (26 enrolments) with cryptococcosis. Dose requirements, d
Laine L; Garcia F; McGilligan K; Malinko A; Sinatra FR; Thomas DW; Division of Gastroenterology, University of Southern California; School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the contribution of protein-losing enteropathy to AIDS-associated hypoalbuminemia. DESIGN: Prospective assessment of patients with AIDS. SETTING: An urban county hospital (Los Angeles & University of Southern California Medical Center. USA). PATIENTS: Four groups of patients with AIDS were stud
Kigadye RM; Klokke A; Nicoll A; Nyamuryekung'e KM; Borgdorff M; Barongo L; Laukamm-Josten U; Lisekie F; Grosskurth H; Kigadye F; Office of the Regional Commissioner, Mwanza.
OBJECTIVES: To establish unlinked, anonymous sentinel surveillance for HIV-1 among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic, to determine age-specific seroprevalences, to monitor trends and to compare seroprevalence with that detected by a population serosurvey. To establish the sustainability and costs of surveil
Hart GJ; Dawson J; Fitzpatrick RM; Boulton M; McLean J; Brookes M; Parry JV; Academic Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, University; College London Medical School, Middlesex Hospital, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the sexual risk behaviour of and HIV and hepatitis B antibody prevalence in gay men in England. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. RESPONDENTS: Gay men recruited from community settings (bars, clubs, gay organizations) and genito-urinary clinics in London, Manchester, the Midlands and Bristol; men who par
Coxon AP; Coxon NH; Weatherburn P; Hunt AJ; Hickson F; Davies PM; McManus TJ; Department of Sociology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To measure types of sex role prevalence in common and risk-related behaviours among gay men for modelling HIV transmission. DESIGN: Cohort study of 385 homosexually active men recording sexual diaries over 1-month periods. METHODS: Measures of incidence of behavioural sex roles for masturbation, fellatio, a
OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with likelihood or failure to use condoms with primary sexual partners among injecting drug users (IDU) in two cities. DESIGN AND METHODS: Interviews were conducted with 601 IDU in Bangkok in 1989 and with 957 IDU in New York City in 1990-1991. Subjects were recruited from dr
Fast PE; Walker MC; Vaccine Research and Development Branch, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Schultz AM; Hu SL; Vaccine Research and Development Branch, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Pantaleo G; Graziosi C; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
van der Waal I; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pathology, Free; University Hospital/Academisch Centrum Tandheelkunde Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Felber BK; Pavlakis GN; Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Group, National Cancer; Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center,; Maryland 21702.
Jager JC; Heisterkamp SH; Brookmeyer R; National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection; (RIVM), Centre of Public Health Forecasting, Bilthoven, The; Netherlands.
Moller J; Hofmann B; Jacobsen N; Ryder LP; Platz P; Dickmeiss E; Svejgaard A; Tissue Typing Laboratory (Department of Clinical Immunology),; University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark.
Immunological reconstitution after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in man is characterized by a decreased lymphocyte transformation response to various mitogens and antigens during a period of from months to years. One reason for the decreased proliferative capability could be an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio; however
Leitner T; Halapi E; Scarlatti G; Rossi P; Albert J; Fenyo EM; Uhlen M; Royal Institute of Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
The ability of direct PCR sequencing to detect and quantify sequence polymorphisms was investigated using samples containing mixed populations of HIV-1. A part of the genome encoding the polymorphic variable region 3 of the envelope was directly sequenced to yield a consensus sequence of the virus population. The resu
Full utilization of the diagnostic power of PCR amplification of specific DNA sequences has been hampered by the logistical difficulties in handling potentially infectious human DNAs and by the polymerization of nonspecific, competing DNA products in PCR assays of low-frequency DNA sequences. To overcome these difficu
Urticaria, or hives, is a usually transient reaction involving the upper dermis. Understanding the causes and treatments of urticaria will help the dermatology nurse manage the patient with hives.
Biochemistry. 1993 Aug 31;32(34):8945-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93372102
Daly TJ; Rennert P; Lynch P; Barry JK; Dundas M; Rusche JR; Doten RC; Auer M; Farrington GK; Repligen Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.
Perturbations within the transactivation and carboxy-terminal domains of HIV-1 Rev were examined for effects on Rev responsive element (RRE) binding activities in vitro and biological activity in vivo. Binding affinities, specificities, and multimerization of the transactivation mutants M10 and Rev/Rex M10-16 on the R
In Vivo. 1993 Mar-Apr;7(2):159-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93372304
Chuang LF; Killam KF Jr; Chuang RY; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Administration of morphine sulfate to rhesus monkeys may activate the quiescent lymphocyte for proliferation, induce a transient increase in the T cell proliferative response to mitogens, and cause an enhanced interleukin-2 release from the mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes. However, longitudinal studies of the animals d
Ann Pharmacother. 1993 Jul-Aug;27(7-8):887-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93372454
Burger DM; van Dijk EA; van Gijn R; Beijnen JH; Department of Pharmacy, Slotevaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of heart treatment on the outcome of drug analysis in whole blood and serum for eight drugs routinely assayed for therapeutic monitoring. DESIGN: All blood and serum samples (n = 373) received at the pharmacy laboratory for therapeutic monitoring of carbamazepine, digoxin, gentamic
Ann Pharmacother. 1993 Jul-Aug;27(7-8):928-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93372464
Peloquin CA; Infectious Disease Pharmacokinetics Laboratory (IDPL), National; Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, CO; 80206.
OBJECTIVE: To update readers on the clinical management of infections secondary to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in patients with AIDS. A general description of the organism, culture and susceptibility testing, and clinical manifestations of the disease is provided. Several aspects of the treatment of the disease,
Specific counselling skills that will assist nurses in discussing sexual matters with patients can be learned. The possession of such skills by nurses will enhance the nurse/patient relationship and encourage patients in the era of HIV/AIDS, to discuss their concerns about sexual issues more openly. This article descr
Drug abusers are generally regarded as a demanding client group by health care professionals. The occupational background of health care professionals and their familiarity with drug users is likely to affect their emotional responses and attitudes. Professional carers who are more familiar with drug users, e.g. addic
Mascellino MT; Iona E; Iegri F; De Gregoris P; Farinelli S; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University La Sapienza, Rome,; Italy.
The in vitro antibacterial activity of zidovudine alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin was investigated. Zidovudine showed a good activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella (MIC range 0.5-8 micrograms/ml and 1.5-62 micrograms/ml respectively) isolated from biological samples of HIV-infected patients. Thes
The goal of this study is to compare serum Titers of Neutralizing antibodies in HIV 1 infected mothers to the virological status of their newborns. 38 infant-mothers couples were tested. Serum Neutralizing antibodies Titers of the mothers were tested the day of birth. Virological status of new borns was determined by
Cancer Res. 1993 Sep 15;53(18):4182-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93373299
Rao CV; Desai D; Simi B; Kulkarni N; Amin S; Reddy BS; Division of Nutritional Carcinogenesis, American Health; Foundation, Valhalla, New York 10595.
Previous work from this laboratory established that caffeic acid esters, present in the propolis of honey bee hives, are potent inhibitors of human colon tumor cell growth, suggesting that these compounds may possess antitumor activity against colon carcinogenesis. The present study was designed to investigate (a) the
Bounous G; Baruchel S; Falutz J; Gold P; Department of Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, Quebec.
On the basis of numerous animal experiments, a pilot study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of undenatured, biologically active, dietary whey protein in 3 HIV-seropositive individuals over a period of 3 months. Whey protein concentrate was prepared so that the most thermosensitive proteins, such as serum albumin
Honda Y; Sugihara E; Hino H; Shoji H; Oizumi K; First Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University of; Medicine.
We reported a family in which two brothers and one sister out of five siblings were affected by a neurological disease showing the following clinical manifestations: 1) intellectual disturbance with relative preservation of memory and orientation probably developed on child food, 2) spastic paraparesis beginning at th
Wassermann K; Pothoff G; Kirn E; Fatkenheuer G; Krueger GR; Medical Department III, University of Cologne, Germany.
The clinical and radiologic presentation as well as the macroscopic and histologic characteristics of lung parenchyma in three HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) are detailed. The distinguishing clinical feature in these patients was a prolonged stable clinical course of the disease over a
Golden JA; Katz MH; Chernoff DN; Duncan SM; Conte JE Jr; University of California, San Francisco 94143-0208.
RESULTS: Ten of the 146 (7 percent) evaluable subjects developed PCP during the year study period, and there was no difference in the efficacy of the two regimens. Among patients receiving secondary prophylaxis, the attack rate of PCP at 1 year was 11 percent. This compares favorably with a 1-year attack rate of 19 pe
Huang ZB; Eden E; Department of Medicine, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York.
The mechanisms by which corticosteroids (CCs) improve the outcome of AIDS patients with severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) are unclear. We studied IL1 beta and TNF alpha release from alveolar macrophages (AMs) of patients receiving CCs for the treatment of PCP and also the effect of in vitro hydrocortisone on
Staikowsky F; Lafon B; Guidet B; Denis M; Mayaud C; Offenstadt G; ICU, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.
The mortality rate among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) for acute respiratory failure (ARF) secondary to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is still a matter of discussion. For some authors, it is in the 50 percent range, while for others the prognosis is grim,
Drent M; van Velzen-Blad H; Diamant M; Hoogsteden HC; van den Bosch JM; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, St. Antonius Hospital,; Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
One hundred patients with histologically verified sarcoidosis were studied. They were divided into three groups, based on their clinical presentation and smoking status. Group A consisted of patients whose disease was detected by routine chest x-ray film, without symptoms; group B included those with respiratory and g
Finkelstein S; Hyland RH; Department of Medicine, Wellesley Hospital, University of; Toronto, Canada.
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) has been infrequently reported as a complication of AIDS. We present the case of a 24-year-old man, previously unknown to be positive for the human immunodeficiency virus, presenting in septic shock. The literature on TSS in AIDS is reviewed and the association between the two diseases is pr
Chetty KG; Ramirez MM; Mahutte CK; Department of Medicine, Long Beach Veterans Affairs Medical; Center, Cal.
Adverse reactions to drugs are common in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In these patients pulmonary reactions to drugs may be difficult to differentiate from opportunistic pulmonary infections. We report a HIV-infected patient who on two occasions developed acute pulmonary edema related
Foltzer MA; Guiney WB Jr; Wager GC; Alpern HD; Department of Medicine, Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital,; Cooperstown, NY.
A man with prior AIDS developed acute febrile interstitial pneumonitis, hilar and paratracheal adenopathy, and bronchial polyps. The polyps were histologically typical for bacillary angiomatosis and complete symptomatic and radiographic response to oral clarithromycin was see
van Geijn HP; Lachmeijer AM; Copray FJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Free University; Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Within Europe a number of multinational, multicentre studies are performed in the field of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Many of these are funded by the European Community. Unfortunately, concise information on currently ongoing European multicentre studies is not easily obtainable. There is no particular central inform
Brandt LJ; Coman E; Schwartz E; Schoen RE; Siciliano G; Surland M; Chacho M; Department of Medicine-Gastroenterology, Montefiore Medical; Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Lidman C; Tynell E; Berglund O; Lindback S; Department of Infectious Diseases, Huddinge Hospital, Sweden.
The efficacy and toxicity of aerosolized pentamidine was evaluated in 78 AIDS patients given 60 mg biweekly as secondary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Patients were monitored for clinical progression and mortality and were compared to 42 historical controls given 200-300 mg i.v. pentamidine
Cristina N; Pelloux H; Goulhot C; Brion JP; Leclercq P; Ambroise-Thomas P; Departement de Parasitologie-Mycologie Medicale et; Moleculaire, URA CNRS 1344, Faculte de Medecine, Universite; Joseph Fourier, La Tronche, France.
In recent years, toxoplasmosis has become one of the most frequent and life-threatening opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Despite strict clinical follow-up and repeated biological examinations, its diagnosis remains difficult to establish in the context of immunodeficiency because of the poor predictive value
Fera G; Semeraro N; De Mitrio V; Schiraldi O; Istituto Policattedra di Clinica Medica e Malattie Infettive,; Clinica Medica II, Bari, Italy.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is uncommon in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), despite the high incidence of infectious diseases. We describe an HIV-infected patient presenting with disseminated cryptococcosis, who had clear-cut laboratory evidence of progressively worsening DIC (thrombocytopen
Muroi M; Muroi Y; Yamamoto K; Suzuki T; Department of Microbiology, University of Kansas Medical Center,; Kansas City 66160-7420.
Lipopolysaccharide treatment of mouse macrophage-like J774 cells was found to result in the activation of three different nuclear proteins which specifically bind to oligonucleotide containing the NF-kappa B motif of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene. These are designated as NF-kappa B1, -kappa B2, and -kapp
van Gemen B; Kievits T; Schukkink R; van Strijp D; Malek LT; Sooknanan R; Huisman HG; Lens P; Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands.
Quantification of HIV-1 viral RNA in plasma was achieved by competitive co-amplification of a dilution series of in vitro generated RNA using the nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) technology. This 1.5 kilobase in vitro RNA, comprising the gag and part of the pol region, differs only by sequence-randomi
Schupbach J; Boni J; Swiss National Center for Retroviruses, Institute of Medical; Virology, University of Zurich.
5-min boiling of 3-fold diluted serum leads to the quantitative release of immune-complexed HIV antigen (Ag) that can be readily measured. The method is capable of detecting as little as 4 to 5 pg/ml Ag p24 depending on the Ag test used. Of a panel of 50 anti-HIV-positive sera, 30 (60%) were Ag-positive after heat den
Knupp CA; Milbrath R; Barbhaiya RH; Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers; Squibb Company, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Syracuse, NY; 13221-4755.
The effect of the time of food administration on the bioavailability of didanosine, administered as a 300-mg dose of a chewable tablet formulation, was evaluated in 10 men seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but free of any symptoms of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Using an open, ran
Bush AJ; Krebs DL; Carpendale JI; Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, British; Columbia, Canada.
This study compared the structure (i.e., stage) of moral judgments to dilemmas involving AIDS to the structure of moral judgment on Kohlberg s test to determine whether attitudes and opinions about AIDS affect level of moral judgment. Subjects included 40 men, who responded to (a) two standard dilemmas from Colby and
Yeung SC; Stewart GJ; Cooper DA; Sindhusake D; Department of Preventive Dentistry, University of Sydney,; Westmead Hospital, Australia.
Data from cross-sectional studies suggest that periodontitis in HIV-infected patients is a more destructive form of disease in contrast to the slowly progressing form of adult periodontitis in the general population. We studied prospectively over an 18-month period 30 HIV infected, but asymptomatic, patients and compa
Kikuchi M; Ono K; Shimamoto Y; Yamaguchi M; Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School.
Spontaneous remission in a 50-year-old woman with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is presented. The patient was referred to our hospital because of generalized lymphadenopathy and the appearance of abnormal lymphocytes with convoluted nuclei in the peripheral blood. She was diagnosed as ATL because of the characteristic m
Muraoka K; Hara T; Kajiwara T; Simoda Y; Miyamoto Y; Miyazaki S; Department of Pediatrics, Saga Prefectural Hospital.
A 21-year-old man with hemophilia B and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was admitted with hematemesis and melena. After admission, esophagogram and endoscopy showed a single giant ulcer with ovoid shape and slightly irregular margins in the middle esophagus. Biopsy specimens of the esophageal ulcer showed
Suzutani T; Azuma M; Department of Microbiology, Asahikawa Medical College.
Recent dynamic advances of molecular biology have been discovering the specific virus functions and replication strategies that differ greatly from their host cells. These studies made it possible to design the antiviral agents which block virus replication specifically. In this paper, we review the recent approach fo
New Microbiol. 1993 Jul;16(3):245-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93375916
Pirali F; Colombrita D; Gelmi M; Pizzi R; Pinsi G; Ravizzola G; Manca N; Turano A; Institute of Microbiology, Brescia University, Italy.
The Authors describe their experience in rapid diagnosis of mycobacterial infections using a combination of a radiometric blood culture (Bactec 13 A) and a nucleic acid hybridization system (Gen probe, Accuprobe) to detect and identify Mycobacteria. They found out that a high number of septicaemias in HIV positive pat
Luft BJ; Hafner R; Korzun AH; Leport C; Antoniskis D; Bosler EM; Bourland DD 3d; Uttamchandani R; Fuhrer J; Jacobson J; et al; Division of Infectious Diseases, State University of New York at; Stony Brook 11794.
BACKGROUND. In patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), toxoplasmic encephalitis is usually a presumptive diagnosis based on the clinical manifestations, a positive antitoxoplasma-antibody titer, and characteristic neuroradiologic abnormalities. A response to specific therapy helps to confirm the d
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1993 Aug 7;137(32):1610-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93376098
Scherpbier HJ; Prakken AB; de Graeff-Meeder ER; van den Berg H; Academisch Medisch Centrum, afd. Kindergeneeskunde, Amsterdam.
12 HIV-infected children were treated with a high dose of zidovudine (800/mg/m2/day) during a mean follow up period of 18 months. After starting treatment with zidovudine there was a subjective improvement and an increase in body weight, and a significant decline in serum HIV-antigenemia (p
In April 1991, a cross-sectional study of HIV, HBV and HCV markers among dialysis patients was carried out in 19 Italian units in order to evaluate the spread of these bloodborne infections among patients and to evaluate the potential risk for staff who care for them. A total of 2,180 patients were eligible and all co
We report 16 patients with HIV1 infection with biopsy-proven renal involvement. Nine patients were caucasians and seven were blacks. There were 11 patients at stage II and 5 at stage IV of the HIV1 infection. Three patterns of histologic lesions were found: 6 patients, all blacks, with nephrotic syndrome and/or renal
The increasing heterosexual transmission of HIV leads to an increase of vertical HIV-infection from mother to child. In Austria 19 children below 13 years with AIDS are registered, 16 of them had been infected by their mothers (osterreichische AIDS-Statistik, January 29, 1993). Cl
Even though the Code for Nurses calls for nurses to provide nondiscriminatory care and to treat patients with respect, research shows that nurses (1) are reluctant to provide care to and (2) believe that they should have the right to refuse to care for patients with AIDS. This article presents two contrasting situatio
Orita S; Kobayashi H; Aono Y; Saiga A; Maeda M; Igarashi H; Shionogi Institute for Medical Science, Osaka, Japan.
In addition to the three typical transcripts such as genomic/gag-pol mRNA, env mRNA and tax/rex mRNA, we previously found the singly spliced pX mRNA, termed p21X mRNA, responsible for producing the p21X protein in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected cells. Our finding of the p21X mRNA being constituti
Daugherty JS; Hutton MD; Simone PM; Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control; and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Beginning in 1984, the long-term decline in tuberculosis (TB) cases stopped, and since 1985 the number of cases has actually increased by 18%, from 22,201 new cases in 1985 to 26,283 in 1991. The change in the morbidity trend appears to be primarily due to three factors: HIV coinfection, TB occurring in persons from c
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Sep 1;90(17):8000-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93376730
Lisziewicz J; Sun D; Smythe J; Lusso P; Lori F; Louie A; Markham P; Rossi J; Reitz M; Gallo RC; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We are investigating a strategy for somatic gene therapy to treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by intracellular expression of an RNA decoy and a ribozyme. The RNA decoy, consisting of polymeric Tat activation response elements (TARs), is designed to compete for Tat binding in an equilibrium wi
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Sep 1;90(17):8259-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93376783
Moebius U; Pallai P; Harrison SC; Reinherz EL; Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA.
We describe a detailed mapping of the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding site using site-directed mutagenesis in conjunction with high-resolution CD4 structural data. Residues on all lateral surfaces of domain 1 and the neighboring portions of domain 2 participate in contacting class II MHC. Thus,
The importance of disinfection and sterilization has increased in the past decade with the spread of HIV and Hepatitis B and C virus. Clear written instructions for sterilization and disinfection must be provided for all relevant items. The principles of sterilization and disinfection are reviewed with emphasis on cli
Locksley RM; Reiner SL; Hatam F; Littman DR; Killeen N; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; 94143-0654.
Expression of either the CD4 or CD8 glycoproteins discriminates two functionally distinct lineages of T lymphocytes. A null mutation in the gene encoding CD4 impairs the development of the helper cell lineage that is normally defined by CD4 expression. Infection of CD4-null mice with Leishmania has revealed a populati
South Med J. 1993 Sep;86(9):1052-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93377104
Kingsmore SF; Schwab SJ; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
We have described an exogenously immunosuppressed, HIV-negative patient with a subacute presentation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia characterized by normal arterial oxygen tension and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient and normal findings on serial chest radiographs. This case demonstrates that other studies in addi
Spine. 1993 Jun 15;18(8):1071-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93377129
Albert TJ; Desai D; McIntosh T; Lamb D; Balderston RA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University; Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The use of autologous blood is a well established and extremely popular technique to decrease the necessity for homologous transfusions and the attendant risks of hepatitis, HIV, and HTLV--I/II infections. The most beneficial timing for autologous reinfusion of predonated blood remains unknown. The present study was u
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1993;105(14):412-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93377379
Haidinger G; Klein JP; Vutuc C; Kunze M; Institut fur Sozialmedizin, Universitat Wien.
AIDS statistics as released by the Austrian Health Authorities refer to the notification date of the disease, but not the time of diagnosis which is essential for descriptive analysis. We present for the first time data on the exact time of diagnosis of, and death from AIDS. Between 1981 and 1992 altogether 899 AIDS c
Acta Med Austriaca. 1993;20(3):70-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93377471
Fridrik MA; I. Medizinischen Abteilung, Allgemeinen Krankenhauses Linz.
High malignant non-Hodgkin s lymphomas are rare diseases, with a rising incidence. A qualified histological classification and a thorough staging are the most important points in the further management. The treatment is primarily chemotherapeutic; radiation is only used in selected situations. The success of the very
Jara J; Moncada I; Verdu F; Herranz F; Diez-Cordero JM; Escribano G; Duran R; Hernandez C; Servicio de Urologia, Hospital General Gregorio Maranon,; Madrid.
Presentation of two cases of renal abscess formation in patients with stage IV C-1 AIDS and active associated tuberculosis. The microorganism isolated in the first case was S. aureus. Culture of the second cases was artefacted since antibiotic administration had already been started. Also, both patients showed abdomin
Am J Surg. 1993 Sep;166(3):284-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93377964
Theuer CP; Pastan I; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Cancer remains the second most common cause of death in our society, and advanced disease is often refractory to surgical, chemotherapeutic, and radiologic interventions. One novel approach to cancer treatment involves targeting a cytotoxic agent to a cancer cell. Immunotoxins have been developed that contain a potent
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Aug 12;690:265-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378322
Alving CR; Detrick B; Richards RL; Lewis MG; Shafferman A; Eddy GA; Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute; of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
Adjuvant research has improved the ability of biotechnology to generate novel vaccines. Numerous strategies for enhancing the immunogenicity of synthetic peptides and proteins have been identified. This overview focuses on adjuvant development and vaccine delivery systems that provide new tools for amplifying the effe
Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1993 Jun;73(2):127-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378488
Remy G; Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Marseille, France.
The (confirmed) serological data, collected since 1985 and spread in space and in time, allow to draw a geographical image--distribution, dissemination--of HIV 1 infection. These data raise some questions and hypotheses on the nature and the dynamics of the epidemiological factors involved. The geographical distributi
Ann Soc Belg Med Trop. 1993 Jun;73(2):143-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378489
Garin B; Jeannel D; Kazadi K; Combe P; Singa L; De The G; Institut National de Recherches Biomedicales, Kinshasa, Zaire.
In the rural city of Inongo (Bandundu region, Zaire ), the prevalence of HIV-1 infection has been investigated during a survey on HTLV-I infection and associated neurological diseases, using a cluster sampling technique. Thirteen individuals were infected by HIV-1, 11 adults and 2
Costello RT; INSERM U119, Cancerologie et Therapeutique Experiment,; Marseille, France.
Recombinant cytokines are now available for clinical use. Several colony-stimulating factors (CFS) have been identified which induce activation, proliferation and maturation of myeloid lineage cells. Recent therapeutic trials with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors (GM-CSF) in association with chemother
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):581-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378778
Allaway GP; Ryder AM; Beaudry GA; Maddon PJ; Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591.
CD4-based molecules were tested in combination with HIV-1-neutralizing antibodies directed against the V3 loop of gp120 or against gp41, for inhibition of HIV-1 envelope-mediated cell fusion. A virus-free cell fusion assay was developed, using Chinese hamster ovary cells that stably express HIV-1 gp120/gp41. These cel
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):589-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378779
Earl PL; Moss B; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
The amino-terminal 129 amino acids of gp41 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope (Env) glycoprotein constitute the assembly domain required for efficient oligomer formation and stability. Point mutations in highly conserved structural features including cysteine residues, potential N-linked glyco
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):595-604. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378780
Klasse PJ; McKeating JA; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, England.
The selection of HIV-1 resistance to neutralization by both monovalent and bivalent forms of soluble CD4 was demonstrated under various conditions. Phenotypic traits of the neutralization-resistant variants were systematically explored in order to gain insight into which aspects of the interactions with CD4 are most e
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):605-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378781
Laman JD; Schellekens MM; Lewis GK; Moore JP; Matthews TJ; Langedijk JP; Meloen RH; Boersma WJ; Claassen E; Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Medical; Biological Laboratory TNO, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
The third variable domain (V3 domain) of HIV-1 gp120 is involved in virus neutralization by antibody, in determination of cell tropism, and in syncytium-inducing/non-syncytium-inducing capacity. Antibodies are highly specific tools to delineate the role of different V3 amino acid sequences in these processes, and to d
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):613-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378782
Potts KE; Kalish ML; Bandea CI; Orloff GM; St. Louis M; Brown C; Malanda N; Kavuka M; Schochetman G; Ou CY; et al; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; Georgia 30333.
The envelope (env) gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 14 HIV-1-infected women from Kinshasa, Zaire . Amplified DNA was directly sequenced with a primer specific
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):619-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378783
Nakamura M; Sasaki H; Terada M; Ohno T; Department of Microbiology, Jikei University School of Medicine,; Tokyo, Japan.
Previous studies have described the isolation of monoclonal antibodies that neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). However, although certain antibodies are capable of blocking infection of CD4+ cells, the antibody-HIV-1 complex could potentially remain infectious and enter cells by an Fc receptor-medi
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):627-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378784
Funkhouser A; Clements ML; Slome S; Clayman B; Viscidi R; Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins University School; of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed to detect secretory IgA (sIgA) antibodies to HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, using a mouse monoclonal antibody and a highly purified, baculovirus-expressed recombinant gp160 (rgp160) as antigen. Detection of sIgA was enhanced by prior immunoprecipitation of IgG. IgG and sIgA rgp1
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):647-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378787
Ferrari G; Ottinger J; Place C; Nigida SM Jr; Arthur LO; Weinhold KJ; Laboratorio di Virologia, Ospedale S. Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
As a means of assessing the immunological impact of HIV infection in the chimpanzee, as well as the participation of the cellular components in the control of HIV infection in these animals, various aspects of cellular immunity were investigated in chronically HIV-infected chimpanzees. Eight HIV-1-infected chimpanzees
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):657-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378788
Sperber K; Hamrang G; Louie MJ; Kalb T; Banerjee R; Choi HS; Paronetto F; Mayer L; Division of Clinical Immunology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New; York, New York 10029.
Using human macrophage hybridomas infected with HIV-1, we investigated monocyte function over a 5-week period after HIV-1 infection. Two clones, 63 and 30, were infected with HIV-1IIIB. Infection was documented by RT activity (15 x 10(6) cpm/ml), intracytoplasmic staining with an anti-p24 antibody, in situ hybridizati
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):669-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378789
Schuitemaker H; Groenink M; Meyaard L; Kootstra NA; Fouchier RA; Gruters RA; Huisman HG; Tersmette M; Miedema F; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
The expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is enhanced after cell activation because of the interaction of cell-encoded nuclear factors that interact with binding sites in the long terminal repeats (LTRs). Here we studied the contribution of cell type-specific activation signals to differences in cy
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):677-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378790
Kolson DL; Buchhalter J; Collman R; Hellmig B; Farrell CF; Debouck C; Gonzalez-Scarano F; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Medical; Center, Philadelphia 19104.
The HIV-1 trans-activator protein Tat has been implicated as a mediator of neuronal dysfunction in several model systems. To explore the possibility that Tat can affect primary brain cells, we examined the effect of recombinant Tat protein on rat cortical brain cell cultures. Tat induced marked aggregation of neurons
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):705-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/L15735
Orloff GM; Kalish ML; Chiphangwi J; Potts KE; Ou CY; Schochetman G; Dallabetta G; Saah AI; Miotti PG; Division of HIV/AIDS, National Center for Infectious Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; 30333.
Hale CA; Fleiss JL; Columbia University, Division of Biostatistics, New York, New; York 10032-3799.
Cornfield s test-based method of setting a confidence interval on a parameter associated with a two-by-two contingency table is adapted for use with the measure of agreement kappa. One-sided confidence intervals derived in this way are compared to other intervals proposed for kappa under two study designs. Both design
Grady C; Vogel S; National Center for Nursing Research, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD.
The authors provide a brief review of laboratory methods used to diagnose infection, monitor HIV disease progression, and monitor response to treatment in the HIV-infected person. Included are descriptions of the characteristics of the HIV virus, and the immune damage that results from HIV infection. The authors descr
Linn JG; Monnig RL; Cain VA; Usoh D; School of Nursing, Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro.
The psychological functioning of HIV-infected individuals in community populations has taken on new meaning and urgency for healthcare policymakers responding to the special challenges of the AIDS epidemic. The authors objective is to test several hypotheses that predict depression and anxiety in adults infected with
Wright J; Henry SB; Holzemer WL; Falknor P; Department of Mental Health, Community, and Administrative; Nursing, University of California, San Francisco.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate case management activities performed by nurse case managers in the California Pilot Care and Waiver Projects for HIV/AIDS patients. Nurse case managers, social workers, and site directors completed a 62-item survey. Significant differences appeared in ratings among the groups
Ragsdale D; College of Nursing, Texas Woman's University, Houston.
Key issues related to HIV nursing research are the focus of this literature review. Results of two prior literature reviews are combined with the author s current review to serve as a basis for discussion. Findings indicate that further research is needed, particularly in the area of physiological responses to nursing
Newshan GT; Wainapel SF; St. Vincent's Hospital, New York City.
Discussion of pain problems in persons with AIDS has been limited in medical and nursing literature, yet pain is a major source of suffering and concern for patients. Common pain characteristics are described in 100 persons with CDC-defined AIDS, using the 1987 definition. The two most frequently cited types of pain f
van Deutekom H; Warris-Versteegen AA; Krijnen P; Postema CA; van Wijngaarden JK; van den Hoek JA; Coutinho RA; Tuberculosis Department, Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
To determine the influence of the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) epidemic on the tuberculosis situation in the Netherlands , we made a retrospective analysis of all reported tuberculosis cases from 1984 through 1990. We studied the course of the tuberculosis incidence in th
Montaner JS; Guillemi S; Quieffin J; Lawson L; Le T; O'Shaughnessy M; Ruedy J; Schechter MT; St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver,; Canada.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of oral corticosteroids in patients with mild Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN: Prospective, double blind, placebo controlled, randomized trial. METHODS: Included were AIDS patients having their first episode of P. carinii pneumon
Elliott AM; Namaambo K; Allen BW; Luo N; Hayes RJ; Pobee JO; McAdam KP; School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka.
During recruitment to a prospective study of tuberculosis patients in Lusaka, Zambia , 109 had pulmonary disease proven by sputum culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, of whom 72 were HIV-1 antibody-positive and 37 were HIV-negative. Among these culture-proven cases, 43% of the HI
Bornstein RA; Fama R; Rosenberger P; Whitacre CC; Para MF; Nasrallah HA; Fass RJ; Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
The effect of drug and alcohol abuse on neuropsychological performance was examined in 132 human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive gay or bisexual men. Syndromal (diagnostic) criteria of alcohol/drug abuse based on DSM-III-R were used, and quantitative estimates of alcohol consumption were obtained. Very few differe
Newton TF; Leuchter AF; Walter DO; Van Gorp WC; Stern CE; Mandelkern M; Weiner H; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Los Angeles,; CA 90073.
The authors studied the relationship between cerebral metabolism and brain electrical activity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), using positron-emission tomography and quantitative electroencephalography. Electroencephalographic coherence in the 6-to 10-Hz band correlated positively with thal
OBJECTIVES--To estimate the prevalence of infection with HIV in young offenders in Scotland and to obtain information about related risk factors and previous tests for HIV. DESIGN--Voluntary anonymous study with subjects giving saliva samples for testing for HIV and completing questionnaires about risk factors. SETTIN
Speich R; Dept of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich,; Switzerland.
During the past 13 yrs it has become evident that pulmonary complications occur frequently and are often life-threatening in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Moreover, the spectrum of HIV-related pulmonary diseases has enlarged considerably and it now includes numerous infectious and non-
Bambery P; Deodhar SD; Malhotra HS; Sehgal S; Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of; Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
We described the course of a young man with SLE who developed hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections through contaminated blood transfusion. He presented with severe SLE, improved on treatment and then developed hepatic failure which responded to conservative treatment. He now has AIDS and the S
Chargelegue D; O'Toole CM; Colvin BT; Department of Medical Microbiology, London Hospital Medical; College, UK.
The IgG response to HIV-1 p17 gag protein was studied for up to 6 years in 12 HIV-1-infected patients with haemophilia, who had seroconverted between 1982 and 1985. To assess any prognostic value, p17 IgG titres were compared with p24 IgG titres, CD4 cell counts and p24 antigenaemia. p17 IgG avidity index was also exa
Torpey D 3d; Huang XL; Armstrong J; Ho M; Whiteside T; McMahon D; Pazin G; Heberman R; Gupta P; Tripoli C; et al; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261.
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) may be an important parameter of host resistance to HIV infection. The present study determined whether CD8+ cells could be purified and propagated in vitro to enhance anti-HIV CTL activity, and the immunologic effects of infusion of these cells into autologous, HIV-infected patients
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1993 Jun;33(1):73-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93380413
Crisp BR; Barber JG; Ross MW; Wodak A; Gold J; Miller ME; Department of Social Work, La Trobe University, Bundoora,; Victoria, South Australia.
This paper reports on the incidence of risk taking behaviours, and the relationship between risk perception and risk behaviours in a sample of 1245 Sydney injecting drug users (IDUs). Almost all respondents reported engaging in behaviours that placed them at risk of HIV infection: 32.9% through unsafe injecting, 84.4%
Eur Respir J. 1993 Jul;6(7):938-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93380548
Sugimoto M; Mita S; Tokunaga M; Yamaguchi K; Cho I; Matsumoto M; Mochizuki M; Araki S; Takatsuki K; Ando M; First Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University School; of Medicine, Japan.
The ocular manifestation of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection has been recognized as a new clinical entity termed HTLV-I uveitis. In order to determine whether HTLV-I uveitis is associated with lymphocyte alveolitis, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out in 11 patients with HTLV-I uveiti
FASEB J. 1993 Aug;7(11):1070-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93380594
Lin X; Dashti A; Schinazi RF; Tang J; Protein Studies Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation,; Oklahoma City 73104.
A potential gene therapy strategy against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) is to disrupt the intracellular transport of viral proteins. We report here the binding and transporting of HIV-1 glycoprotein gp160 to lysosomes as a result of the expression of fusion genes consisting of soluble CD4 and lysosome targeting
HIV infection is diagnosed by demonstration of specific antibodies. During the acute HIV disease such antibodies are not yet detectable. So-called early manifestations are confined to skin and mucous membranes, in fact appearing several years after virus inoculation. Antiviral therapy with early intervention aims at t
Due to the closer virus-host interactions viral diseases are more difficult to control by drugs than most of the bacterial infections. Moreover, the search for antiviral compounds against HIV is an exceptional challenge. The enormous genetic and biological variability, the life-long persistence and the invasion of the
In order to present the diagnostic possibilities of treponemal infections, syphilis can be chosen as an example. The direct detection of the pathogen is limited mainly to the early stages of the disease. The diagnostic significance of the PCR as a possible alternative method cannot yet be estimated. The concept for th
Rabkin CS; Biggar RJ; Baptiste MS; Abe T; Kohler BA; Nasca PC; Viral Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
To determine the types and rates of tumors which may be associated with HIV infection in women, we used cancer incidence data from New York and northern New Jersey. We examined changes in incidence of selected cancers in women aged 20-49 years and compared groups differing in incidence of AIDS. Black women were compar
Matsumura M; Kushida S; Ami Y; Suga T; Uchida K; Kameyama T; Terano A; Inoue Y; Shiraki H; Okochi K; et al; Department of Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki,; Japan.
To study the pathophysiological state of HTLV-I carriers and the quantitative aspect of the risk of HTLV-I infection, we measured the absolute amounts of HTLV-I provirus in 39 seropositive blood donors. The amount of provirus varied from less than one to more than 10(4) molecules per 10(5) peripheral-blood mononuclear
Luke DR; McCreedy BJ; Sarnoski TP; Bookout JB; Johnston AM; Lell JE; Wiggan EB; Bell N; Limjuco RA; Guthrie KI; et al; Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Newark.
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), a potential regulator of HIV-1 replication, is involved in the progression of AIDS and associated disorders such as muscle wasting, fever and gastrointestinal problems. HIV-seropositive patients were assigned to receive zidovudine (ZDV; 100 mg 4-5 times/d) alone (n = 14), pento
Int J Pept Protein Res. 1993 Jul;42(1):84-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93380830
Calcagni A; Kajtar-Peredy M; Lucente G; Luisi G; Pinnen F; Radics L; Rossi D; Department of Pharmaceutical Studies, La Sapienza University,; Rome, Italy.
In order to examine factors influencing cyclodepsitripeptide formation and stability, three cyclic peptide models containing the alpha-hydroxyacyl-alpha-aminoacylprolyl sequence, corresponding to the peptide lactone cyclo(-Xha-Pro-Xaa-) (Xha = Hiv, Lac; Xaa = Phe, DPhe, DAla), retroisomeric with respect to the ergot o
Kotani M; Yamamura Y; Tsudo M; Tamatani T; Kitamura F; Miyasaka M; Department of Immunology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical; Science.
Rabbits can be infected with human retroviruses such as human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and provide useful animal models to study retroviral diseases such as adult T-cell leukemia and HIV. Previously we have succeeded in generating monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against rab
Coombs RW; Henrard DR; Mehaffey WF; Gibson J; Eggert E; Quinn TC; Phillips J; Pacific Medical Center, University of Washington-Seattle 98144.
The relationship between plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectious titer, determined by quantitative fivefold end-point dilution culture, and the detection of genomic HIV-1 RNA by immunocapture-cDNA-polymerase chain reaction was determined. The optimal plasma specimen collection and storage conditi
Cole FL; Slocumb EM; School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center,; Houston.
To determine whether nurses possess differing attitudes toward AIDS patients depending on how the person acquired the virus, four semantic differential scales, each containing a different mode of acquiring the virus, were developed for this project. All possible combinations of two different scales were created and re
Olivieri A; Sorcini M; Battisti P; Fazzini C; Gilardi E; Sun Y; Medda E; Grandolfo M; Tossini G; Natili S; et al; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma, Italy.
Thyroid function was evaluated in 119 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients at different stages of infection, compared with euthyroid normal subjects and hepatitis C virus infected blood donors as control groups. The low T3 state, well documented in severe nonthyroidal illnesses, was not found in these
Ekong T; Kupek E; Hill A; Clark C; Davies A; Pinching A; Department of Immunology, St Mary's Hospital Medical School,; London, UK.
The typing of lymphocyte subsets may be influenced by a variety of technical influences including the duration and temperature of sample storage and the method used for staining samples. We have extended a previous study examining the effect of storage conditions on the baseline values of a number of lymphocyte subset
Peters M; Gottschalk D; Boit R; Pohle HD; Ruf B; II. Department of Internal Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University; Hospital, Freie Universitat, Berlin, Germany.
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) appears to alter the course of syphilis and particularly neurosyphilis. We report the case of an HIV-positive patient with two CNS lesions due to vascular complications of neurosyphilis of the meningovascular type, 18 months after he had developed a penile chancre. On admi
Jones ME; Brettle RP; Busuttil A; Inglis MH; Bell JE; Willocks L; Infectious Diseases Unit, City Hospital, Edinburgh, U.K.
We report the case of an HIV-positive drug user who was found dead in a room in which were discovered tablets of dihydrocodeine and amitriptyline. There had been past episodes of drug overdose which was suspected of being the cause of death on this occasion. However toxicology analysis did not support this diagnosis a
Inaba N; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Chiba.
The slow virus infection (SVI) established by Gajdusek DC in 1964 has been known to involve not only Kuru or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease but also hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and very recently human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. These all viruses potentially develop
We report two cases of leprosy in HIV-infected patients who, by their clinical, histological and immunological features, enhance the evidence that HIV-positive leprosy does not differ from nonHIV-positive leprosy. Moreover, extensive studies of reversal reactions in HIV-positive patients might be of great interest in
Mijiyawa M; Service de Rhumatologie, CHU-Tokoin, Lome, Togo.
A retrospective study was conducted to determine the frequency and symptomatologic profile of spondyloarthropathy in hospital consultation in Lome, Togo . Spondyloarthropathy was diagnosed in 31 of 2,030 patients. Of the 31 patients, 8 were human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) carri
Louthrenoo W; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai; University, Thailand.
Two patients who presented with severe Reiter s syndrome were found to have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Their arthritis and cutaneous lesions responded poorly to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and topical corticosteroid therapy. Dramatic improvement of the arthritis and cutaneous lesions was see
Kerr A; Sauter D; Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.
Post-traumatic pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, a rare entity, was treated in a 35-year-old HIV-positive man by transcatheter embolization. When seen 4 months later, the patient had florid Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Generally, pulmonary angiography demonstrates such fistulae when they are not visible on chest roe
Schrier RD; McCutchan JA; Wiley CA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093.
Monocytes/macrophages (M/M) are the major host of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in solid tissues. However, blood monocytes are nonpermissive for HIV infection, indicating that M/M activation or differentiation is necessary for HIV replication. Since M/M are activated during immune responses, we investigated the e
Toth FD; Mosborg-Petersen P; Kiss J; Aboagye-Mathiesen G; Zdravkovic M; Hager H; Ebbesen P; Danish Cancer Society, Department of Virus and Cancer, Aarhus.
CD8+ and CD8- subsets of peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells were examined for susceptibility to infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and for the ability to produce various types of interferon (IFN) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). HIV-1 was preferentially grown in CD8+ NK cells. The abili
Marthas ML; Ramos RA; Lohman BL; Van Rompay KK; Unger RE; Miller CJ; Banapour B; Pedersen NC; Luciw PA; California Regional Primate Research Center, University of; California, Davis 95616.
To identify viral determinants of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) virulence, two pairs of reciprocal recombinants constructed from a pathogenic (SIVmac239) and a nonpathogenic (SIVmac1A11) molecular clone of SIV were tested in rhesus macaques. A large 6.2-kb fragment containing gag, pol, env, and the regulatory ge
Dittmer J; Gitlin SD; Reid RL; Brady JN; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Expression of the parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), a protein that plays a primary role in the development of the humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, is regulated by two distinct promoters, P1 and P2. PTHrP is overexpressed in lymphocytes from adult T-cell leukemia patients. We now demonstrate that in the
Dorfman T; Luban J; Goff SP; Haseltine WA; Gottlinger HG; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleocapsid protein contains two copies of a sequence motif, the cysteine-histidine box, that is conserved among retroviruses. To identify the functionally relevant positions of a cysteine-histidine box, each amino acid in the proximal copy of the motif was individually
Keller R; Peden K; Paulous S; Montagnier L; Cordonnier A; Unite d'Oncologie Virale (Centre National de la Recherche; Scientifique UA1157), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
The fourth conserved region (C4) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) surface glycoprotein has been shown to participate in CD4 binding and to influence viral tropism (A. Cordonnier, L. Montagnier, and M. Emerman, Nature [London] 340:571-574, 1989). To define the role of the corresponding region of HIV-2, we
Falk H; Mador N; Udi R; Panet A; Honigman A; Department of Molecular Genetics, Hebrew University, Hadassah; Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
The open reading frame of the human T-cell leukemia virus type II pro gene is arranged at a -1 position relative to the gag gene. Synthesis of the Gag-Pro fusion polyprotein is facilitated by ribosomal frameshift into the reading frame of the pro gene. Cloning of a synthetic 41-bp oligonucleotide corresponding to the
Sova P; Volsky DJ; Molecular Virology Laboratory, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital; Center, New York, New York.
The rate-limiting steps in infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) deficient in the viral infectivity factor, Vif, are unknown. As a measurement of completion of the early stages of the HIV-1 life cycle, the levels of viral DNA were examined by polymerase chain reaction amplification during infection
JAMA. 1993 Oct 6;270(13):1576-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93381963
Berrios DC; Hearst N; Coates TJ; Stall R; Hudes ES; Turner H; Eversley R; Catania J; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, San; Francisco, CA 94105.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the prevalence of testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody among adults with various risk factors for infection, particularly those residing in large metropolitan areas where the bulk of cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have occurred. DESIGN--A nationwide, popul
McGrew CA; Dick RW; Schniedwind K; Gikas P; UNM Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Albuquerque; 87131-5296.
Attention has recently been focused on issues concerning HIV disease and competitive athletics. These issues have included HIV testing of athletes, participation by HIV-infected athletes, and the practice of Universal Precautions by members of the athletic health care team. A survey of all NCAA member institutions was
Johns DG; Ahluwalia GS; Cooney DA; Mitsuya H; Driscoll JS; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The purine dideoxynucleosides 2 -beta-fluoro-2 ,3 -dideoxyadenosine (2 -beta-F-ddAdo), 2 -beta-fluoro-2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine, and 2 -beta-fluoro-2 ,3 -dideoxyguanosine (2 -beta-F-ddGuo) are active inhibitors of the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the ATH8 assay system, with 2 -beta-F-ddAdo and 2
Lombard-Platet G; Jalinot P; Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 49,; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale; Superieure de Lyon, France.
Transcription driven by the proviral promoter of the Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type I (HTLV-I) is tightly regulated by the Tax1 transactivator. This viral protein potently induces the enhancer activity of a 21 bp motif repeated three times in the promoter. We have previously shown that this induction results from th
Washington K; Gossage DL; Gottfried MR; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina 27710.
Review of liver biopsy or autopsy material from 33 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency or combined immunodeficiency and four patients with DiGeorge syndrome revealed a wide range of hepatic pathology. The most common abnormality was graft-versus-host disease (16 patients), followed by viral infection (4 pat
The Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe potentially life-threatening form of the erythema multiforme, affecting both skin and mucous membranes. We present a case of a 49-year-old male patient with AIDS who developed a Stevens-Johnson syndrome while being treated with pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine and phenytoin for cere
Seeler JS; Muchardt C; Podar M; Gaynor RB; Department of Medicine and Microbiology, Southwestern Medical; School, Dallas, Texas 75235.
HTLV-I is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia. In this study, we investigated the regulatory elements and cellular transcription factors which function in modulating HTLV-I gene expression in response to the viral transactivator protein, tax. Transfection experiments into Jurkat cells of a variety of site-dir
Keys B; Karis J; Fadeel B; Valentin A; Norkrans G; Hagberg L; Chiodi F; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
The spread of HIV-1 to the nervous system occurs early during infection in a large number of asymptomatic virus carriers. In order to address the question whether the brain is targeted by a group of HIV-1 variants with increased neurotropic properties we have obtained 20 paired isolates from the blood and cerebrospina
Laughlin MA; Zeichner S; Kolson D; Alwine JC; Seshamma T; Pomerantz RJ; Gonzalez-Scarano F; Dorrance H. Hamilton Laboratories, Department of Medicine,; Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
To investigate potential mechanisms for HIV-1 proviral latency, we generated a set of chronically HIV-1 infected and stably long terminal repeat-chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (LTR-CAT)-transfected TE671/RD cells, and studied both their virus production and LTR-driven reporter gene expression. Established tissue c
Nerurkar VR; Song KJ; Saitou N; Melland RR; Yanagihara R; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
To determine the interstrain genomic diversity and molecular phylogeny of the recently identified variants of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in Melanesia, we enzymatically amplified, then directly sequenced representative regions of the gag, pol, and env genes of HTLV-I strains from 10 members of four
Menendez-Arias L; Gotte D; Oroszlan S; Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis,; NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland; 21702-1201.
The Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MuLV) protease has been cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-2T, expressed in fusion with the glutathione S-transferase from Schistosoma japonicum, and purified to apparent homogeneity after thrombin cleavage of the chimeric protein. The purified protease showed maxi
Berkowitz RD; Goff SP; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
Retroviral envelope proteins are synthesized in the infected cell and targetted to the assembling virion; during infection, they mediate receptor binding and fusion of the virion and cell membranes. We have generated a series of mutants of the Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) with alterations in the TM protein,
Winslow BJ; Pomerantz RJ; Bagasra O; Trono D; Infectious Disease Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla,; California 92037-1099.
Cell lines that are nonproductively infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), such as the T-lymphocyte ACH2 clone, have been proposed to represent in vitro models of proviral latency. We have previously shown that such cells exhibit an aberrant pattern of viral RNA expression, with a large excess of f
W V Med J. 1993 Aug;89(8):331-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93383447
Fisher MA; Section of Infectious Diseases, West Virginia University School; of Medicine, Morgantown.
Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections are among the most common sexually transmitted diseases in the United States today. Although these organisms are obligate intracellular pathogens, they more closely resemble bacteria than viruses. C. trachomatis is responsible for considerable m
Araujo A de Q; Alfonso CR; Schor D; Leite AC; de Andrada-Serpa MJ; HTLV-associated Neuropathies Unit, Evandro Chagas Hospital,; Fiocruz, Brazil.
In Rio de Janeiro (RJ) most cases of paraparesis of obscure origin are associated with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Thirty-four consecutive patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) from RJ were evaluated. Most patients came from low socio-economic levels
North LB; Wallace S; Lindell MM Jr; Jing BS; Fuller LM; Allen PK; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas M. D.; Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine the current value of lymphography in a series of previously untreated patients with Hodgkin s and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma seen at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center over a 1-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS. From September 1989 t
Lewis SL; Young SA; Wood BJ; Morgan KS; Erickson DG; Holmes CJ; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
A 60-year-old Native American diabetic female patient had a history of nine episodes of peritonitis (both relapsing and persistent) during the year that she was treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). At the start of CAPD the patient had an inverted CD4 to CD8 ratio that decreased from 0.97 to 0
Since the inception of flexible fiberoptic endoscopes, disinfection of these instruments has been a problem. Soaking in glutaraldehyde does not always achieve sterilization, and often damages the scopes. Ethylene oxide can sterilize endoscopes; however, it is economically impractical because of a required downtime of
Slucher B; Levinson SS; Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, KY.
Although a normal or increased anion gap (AG) is commonly used to help assess acid-base balance, decreased AG has aided in the diagnosis of halogen ingestion and myeloma. Substantially increased levels of IgG cause a decrease in the AG. Patients with polyclonal increases in immunoglobulins, especially hepatic cirrhosi
Carteau S; Mouscadet JF; Goulaouic H; Subra F; Auclair C; Laboratorie de Pharmacologie Moleculaire, CNRS URA 147, INSERM U; 140, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
An obligatory step in retroviral growth is the integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA into the genomic DNA of the host. Recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) integrase (IN) expressed in Escherichia coli efficiently catalyzes the overall in vitro integration reaction, namely the processing of the
Jiang S; Lin K; Strick N; Neurath AR; New York Blood Center, NY 10021.
A synthetic peptide, corresponding to the sequence (637-666) of the HIV-1 glycoprotein gp41, inhibited the replication of an array of HIV-1 strains. The peptide (637-666) selectively binds to the fusion domain at the N-terminus of gp41, suggesting that inhibition of HIV-1 infection is caused by blocking fusion of HIV-
Wang P; Rouyez MC; Ducamp S; Saragosti S; Ventura M; ICGM, INSERM U 363, Universite PARIS V, Hopital COCHIN, Paris,; France.
The structure of the TAR RNA element transcribed at the 5 end of the R region of the human immunodeficiency virus is compared to the structure of its duplicate sequence in the 3 R region of the viral genome. Based on the 5 -TAR secondary structure already described, we assessed by RNase T1 primer extension assay the
Barry M; Howe J; Back D; Breckenridge A; Brettle R; Mitchell R; Beeching NJ; Nye FJ; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of; Liverpool.
The effects of indomethacin and naproxen on zidovudine (ZDV) pharmacokinetics were studied in six patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), AIDS related complex (ARC) or asymptomatic HIV disease using a placebo-controlled crossover design. Indomethacin 25 mg twice daily or naproxen 250 mg twice dail
Malamud D; Friedman HM; Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University; of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
Although it is generally assumed that HIV transmission does not occur through casual oral contact, persistent reports in the literature and the well-documented case of the Florida dentist (Ou et al., 1992) have served to elevate concerns and interest about the possibility of oral transmission of HIV. The literature su
Bergey EJ; Cho MI; Hammarskjold ML; Rekosh D; Levine MJ; Blumberg BM; Epstein LG; Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State; University of New York, Buffalo 14214.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) is generally transmitted by parenteral contact with infected body secretions. Although extensive epidemiological data and familial studies have failed to provide any conclusive data that saliva may act as a vehicle for transmission of AIDS, both professional and public anxieties re
Archibald DW; Hebert CA; Gregory KL; Lewis GK; Department of Oral Pathology, University of Maryland Dental; School, Baltimore.
Human saliva appears to contain factors that are inhibitory to HIV-1 infectivity in vitro. We investigated the effect of incubating human whole, parotid, labial minor salivary gland and sublingual/submandibular salivas with recombinant HIV-1 envelope protein (gp160). Saliva/gp160 mixtures were run on polyacrylamide ge
HIV models of care focus primarily on the needs of individuals and may not successfully meet the needs of the whole family. Family-centred care represents an approach to care and management that focuses on the needs of the family as a whole rather than solely on the needs of the child or the needs generated by his/her
The importance of an optimal diagnostic standard for the prevention of transfusion-associated AIDS (TAA) was recently enforced by a decision of our Supreme Court. Although only 18 transfusion-associated HIV infections following transfusion of approximately 30 million blood units were officially reported since 1985, HI
The anesthesiological aspect regarding autologous donation/autologous predeposition aims at the following criteria: (1) Which patient is eligible for autologous donation? (2) Which kind of monitoring should be established for the donation procedure? (3) What are the quality criteria the autologous predeposit has to me
The risk of infection by blood transfusions contaminated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or the hepatitis C virus (HCV) was dramatically reduced after the introduction of blood donor screening using specific and sensitive 2nd- or 3rd-generation enzyme immunoassays for virus antibody detection. In addit
Protein Expr Purif. 1993 Aug;4(4):304-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93385826
Li X; Gu Z; Geleziunas R; Kleiman L; Wainberg MA; Parniak MA; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B.; Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We have cloned and expressed HIV-1 gag p15 nucleocapsid protein (NCp15) in the form of a 41-kDa fusion polypeptide with glutathione-S-transferase (GST-NCp). The recombinant protein was rapidly degraded in bacterial lysates unless Zn2+ and Cd2+ were present in the extraction buffer. Inclusion of these metals stabilized
BMJ. 1993 Aug 7;307(6900):356-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93385953
Ward H; Day S; Mezzone J; Dunlop L; Donegan C; Farrar S; Whitaker L; Harris JR; Miller DL; Academic Department of Public Health, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London.
OBJECTIVE--To measure the prevalence of HIV and to describe established risk factors in female prostitutes. DESIGN--A cross sectional survey. SETTING--A genitourinary medicine clinic, streets, and magistrates courts in London. SUBJECTS--280 female prostitutes recruited between April 1989 and August 1991. MAIN OUTCOME
BMJ. 1993 Aug 7;307(6900):359-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93385954
Day S; Ward H; Perrotta L; Academic Department of Public Health, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London.
OBJECTIVE--To describe risk behaviours for infection with HIV in male sexual partners of female prostitutes. DESIGN--A cross sectional study. SETTING--Genitourinary medicine clinic, St Mary s Hospital, London. SUBJECTS--112 self identified male sexual partners of female prostitutes: 101 who reported commercial sexual
BMJ. 1993 Aug 7;307(6900):367-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93385958
McCarthy M; Layzell S; Camden and Islington Health Authority, London.
Funding for HIV and AIDS in England has been allocated to regions by a formula based on the number of cases of AIDS and HIV infection and on population size. Regions have distributed the resources directly to hospitals and community services. A survey of staff and managers in North East Thames region showed that fundi
Gauthier B; Division of Nephrology, Schneider Children's Hospital, New Hyde; Park, NY 11040-1432.
When Schonlein-Henoch nephritis presents with more than just microhematuria, only 72% of cases go on to complete recovery. Evidence of renal disease may reappear after apparent complete recovery. Schonlein-Henoch nephritis may be the single commonest form of crescentic glomerulonephritis, accounting for 30% of cases.
Stark JM; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital Medical; Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-2899.
Airway infections in children is a considerably broad topic. This discussion focuses on several common nonbacterial causes of lower respiratory tract infection in children, including respiratory syncytial virus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia pneumoniae. In addition, the occurrence of two important bacterial cau
Morey MA; Friedman LS; Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's; Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
Most homeless teenagers are running away from abusive or violent home situations. Many of the daily survival tactics employed by runaways put them at risk for a variety of medical problems, including sexually transmitted diseases, hepatitis, tuberculosis, trauma, accidents, and HIV infection. Mental health issues of d
Cancer. 1993 Oct 1;72(7):2148-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93386642
Bourguet CC; Logue EE; Division of Community Health Sciences, Northeastern Ohio; Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown 44272.
BACKGROUND. A causal relationship between antigenic conditions and multiple myeloma was suggested by case reports. Although controlled studies identified associations with individual conditions, they failed to give overall support to the hypothesis. Using a prospective cohort representative of the U.S. population, the
Cancer. 1993 Oct 1;72(7):2253-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93386660
Li JJ; Huang YQ; Moscatelli D; Nicolaides A; Zhang WC; Friedman-Kien AE; Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center,; New York 10016.
BACKGROUND. Fibroblast growth factors (FGF), such as basic FGF, have been implicated in the development of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in vitro. The expression of several genes of the FGF family and their receptors in KS tumor lesions and KS-derived cells were evaluated. METHODS. Cultures of KS-derived cells were established.
Devlin R; Studholme RM; Dandliker WB; Fahy E; Blumeyer K; Ghosh SS; Diatron Corporation, San Diego, CA 92121.
We describe a transient-state polarized fluorescence-based method for detecting nucleic acids. An active ester of the phthalocyanine dye La Jolla Blue was coupled to an oligonucleotide containing an amino group at its 5 end, and the conjugate was purified by HPLC chromatography. We monitored the hybridization charact
Keil LB; Barbi G; Comizio R; DeBari VA; Dept. of Med., Seton Hall Univ., School of Graduate Med.; Education, St. Joseph's Hosp. and Med. Center, Paterson, NJ; 07503.
Xu J; Chen R; Ling L; Shen R; Sun J; Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, P.R. China.
In this paper, the coincident index, proposed by W. F. Friedman in cryptology, is made use of in DNA sequence analysis and exon prediction. The coincident index of exons exceeds that of introns by many times, and is mainly affected by window length, which is correlated negatively with the coincident index. An optimal
Viamonte M; Dailey TH; Gottesman L; Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, St. Luke's-Roosevelt; Hospital Center, New York, New York.
Ulcerative processes are the most disabling of anal diseases in HIV+ patients. The spectrum ranges from benign fissures to invasive ulcerative processes. It is important to recognize their salient features in order to effectuate proper management. Since 1989, 74 HIV+ patients with ulcerative anal disease were evaluate
Ellerbrok H; Serpente N; Pancino G; Vanhee C; D'Auriol L; Sitbon M; Vaquero C; Oncologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire INSERM U363, Institut Cochin; de Genetique Moleculaire, Paris, France.
Cell-free translation in the presence of pancreatic microsomal membranes of the full-length envelope transcript of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) yielded the expected extensively glycosylated and immunologically reactive gp160 envelope-protein precursor. In addition to this gp160, a shorter glycoprote
Kiessling AA; Yin HZ; Purohit A; Kowal M; Wolf B; Faulkner Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
This pilot study indicates the use of formalin-fixation may offer a significant advance in the cytologic and pathological evaluation of semen. We are reporting this novel method to stimulate further assessment of this safer approach to semen analysis. The immunohistochemistry and PCR methods described here may also pr
Dev Comp Immunol. 1993 Jul-Aug;17(4):357-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93387553
Shu J; Stevenson JR; Zhou X; Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Ohio; 44242.
Alterations of cell-mediated immune responses in the rat produced by 5-day (one 3-min stress session each day for 5 days) and 1-day (three 3-min stress sessions within 12 h) cold water stress administration were investigated. Mitogenic responses to concanavalin A (Con A) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-2 (
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1993 Aug;44(8):733-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93387902
Huyse FJ; van Tilburg W; Consultation-liaison psychiatry service, Free University; Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The authors describe national guidelines introduced in the Netherlands in late 1990 for carrying out euthanasia requests by medically ill patients. In about 49,000 of the 130,000 annual deaths in that country, doctors make a decision that may influence the duration of life. In
Anders KH; Becker PS; Holden JK; Sharer LR; Cornford ME; Hansen LA; Hamilton R; Vinters HV; Department of Pathology, Kaiser-Permanente Medical Center; Medicine, Woodland Hills, CA.
Multifocal necrotizing leukoencephalopathy (MNL) is characterized by multiple, usually microscopic, foci of necrosis confined primarily to the white matter of the basis pontis, but sometimes found elsewhere in the central nervous system. All 16 patients in whom we identified MNL had underlying immunosuppression, eithe
Shimokawa I; Ushijima N; Moriuchi R; Okimoto T; Ikeda T; Iwasaki K; Matsuo T; Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Medical School,; Japan.
We report a case of angiocentric immunoproliferative lesions (AILs; angiocentric lymphoma) in the subcutaneous tissue associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The patient showed an indolent cutaneous manifestation for 9 years until death. A skin biopsy revealed an angiocentric infiltration of a
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1993 Jul;15(5):567-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93388038
Grohmann U; Binaglia L; Puccetti P; Fioretti MC; Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences,; University of Perugia, Italy.
The occurrence of aberrant, retrovirus-related proteins is a common finding in immunogenic clones of the triazene-xenogenized L5178Y lymphoma line (L5178Y/DTIC). In clone D-cells, newly expressed 80 kDa antigens related to xenotropic murine leukemia virus env gene products induce specific humoral and cell-mediated res
In 8 out of 29 patients with scleroderma we found antibodies to HIV retroviral proteins in the Western blot analysis. The sera each reacted only to one or two of the p 18, p 24, p 55, and p 65 bands, and the reactions were relatively weak. There were no evident clinical correlations with the reactivity of certain band
The association of hypercalcemia and acute pancreatitis had been experimentally reproduced in cats by local infusions of the divalent cation calcium whereas the monovalent cation potassium did not induce any pancreatic pathology. The purpose of the present study was therefore to investigate the role of further divalen
Wolf H; Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, WHO; Collaborating Center for Research and Control of Virus Associated; Cancers, Universitat Regensburg.
Roebuck KA; Brenner DA; Kagnoff MF; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0623.
Activation of HIV-1 requires the binding of host cell transcription factors to cis elements in the proviral long terminal repeat (LTR). This study identifies c-fos-responsive sequence motifs in the U5 transcribed noncoding leader sequences downstream of the viral transactivator responsive (TAR) element. These DNA sequ
Batki SL; Manfredi LB; Jacob P 3d; Jones RT; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco; School of Medicine 94110.
Cocaine abuse is a common clinical problem among opioid-dependent patients who are in methadone maintenance treatment. In an open prospective study, 16 DSM-III-R, cocaine-dependent, methadone maintenance treatment patients were treated with fluoxetine, at a mean dose of 45 mg/day for 9 weeks. Eleven subjects (69%) wer
Fennell R; Department of Physical Education, Health and Sport Studies, Miami; University, Oxford, Ohio.
Using a lively classroom activity and a sense of humor is helpful in conveying a serious message about responsible sexual behavior to college students. The activity described takes only 1 hour, requires simple and easily obtainable equipment, and generates animated discussions. Students learn to feel more comfortable
Callahan KM; Rowell JF; Soloski MJ; Machamer CE; Siliciano RF; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
T lymphocytes are activated upon binding of their Ag receptors to a complex of Ag-derived peptides and MHC class I or class II molecules expressed on the surface of APC. It is now well established that APC degrade exogenous Ag in acidic endosomal compartments, and that Ag fragments bind to class II molecules moving th
Clerici M; Yarchoan R; Blatt S; Hendrix CW; Ammann AJ; Broder S; Shearer GM; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Ten patients with AIDS were enrolled in a phase I/II protocol of recombinant CD4-IgG (rCD4-IgG) treatment. Patients peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were tested before, during, and after therapy with rCD4-IgG for T helper (TH) cell function assessed by antigen- and mitogen-stimulated proliferation and interleukin-2
Havlik JA Jr; Metchock B; Thompson SE 3d; Barrett K; Rimland D; Horsburgh CR Jr; Department of Medicine, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta,; Georgia.
To describe the natural history of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in the respiratory or gastrointestinal tract of persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, 67 HIV-infected patients with CD4+ cell counts
Lifson AR; Watters JK; Thompson S; Crane CM; Wise F; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California, San Francisco.
Screening for tuberculosis (using the Mantoux test) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was conducted among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) recruited from a San Francisco Bay Area neighborhood. Of 178 IVDUs skin-tested with one commercial purified protein derivative (PPD) preparation, a reaction of > or = 5 mm of in
Schauf V; Rom WN; Smith KA; Sampaio EP; Meyn PA; Tramontana JM; Cohn ZA; Kaplan G; Rockefeller University, New York, New York.
Selected parameters of cellular immunity relating to cytokine gene activation and responsiveness to interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) were analyzed in 27 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and no human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Cytokine mRNAs were not expres
Bell JE; Busuttil A; Ironside JW; Rebus S; Donaldson YK; Simmonds P; Peutherer JF; Neuropathology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, United; Kingdom.
Brain tissue was examined for evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in 23 intravenous drug users who died suddenly some years after seroconversion but while still in presymptomatic stages of infection. None showed giant cell encephalitis, but 14 showed T cell lymphocytic leptomeningitis and 3 showed
Vogel P; Miller CJ; Lowenstine LL; Lackner AA; California Regional Primate Research Center, Davis.
This retrospective study used sensitive immunohistochemical methods to detect Pneumocystis carinii infections in fixed lung tissues collected from 107 simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected and 10 noninfected rhesus macaques during a 4-year period. P. carinii were detected in 51% of 85 terminally ill SIV-infecte
Bermudez LE; Young LS; Martinelli J; Petrofsky M; Kuzell Institute for Arthritis and Infectious Diseases,; California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco.
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) organisms are the most common bacterial cause of disseminated infection in patients with AIDS. MAC, facultative intracellular bacteria, invade and multiply within macrophages. Treatment of MAC-infected macrophages with ethanol (10-100 micrograms/dL) is associated with increased intrac
Wada M; Kitada K; Saito M; Egawa K; Nakamura Y; Department of Tumor Biology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
The major surface glycoprotein (MSG) of Pneumocystis carinii plays a crucial role in the pathobiology of P. carinii, which often causes fatal pneumonia in AIDS patients. The cDNAs encoding MSG antigens were cloned from a lambda gt11 expression library of rat-derived P. carinii by immunoscreening. The cloned cDNAs cons
Stanley SK; McCune JM; Kaneshima H; Justement JS; Sullivan M; Boone E; Baseler M; Adelsberger J; Bonyhadi M; Orenstein J; et al; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in immunosuppression and depletion of circulating CD4+ T cells. Since the thymus is the primary organ in which T cells mature it is of interest to examine the effects of HIV infection in this tissue. HIV infection has been demonstrated in the thymuses of in
Sawasdikosol S; Hague BF; Zhao TM; Bowers FS; Simpson RM; Robinson M; Kindt TJ; Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases Twinbrook II Facility, National Institutes of; Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852.
In vitro transformation of rabbit peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with human T lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV)-infected human or rabbit cells resulted in CD4- CD8- cell lines, some of which caused acute leukemia when injected into rabbits. Structural analyses of the proviruses from cell lines with diverse pathog
Mulder-Kampinga GA; Kuiken C; Dekker J; Scherpbier HJ; Boer K; Goudsmit J; Department of Virology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
In order to study the relationship between virus populations in a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected mother and her infant, we analysed a 276 bp fragment, including the V3 region, of genomic HIV-1 RNA purified from serum. Samples were collected from the mother 6, 4 and 2 months prior to delivery, dur
Rhesus macaques were immunized with purified virus-derived simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac) 251/32H glycoprotein 130 (gp130) or primed with recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing the env gene of the SIVmac BK28 clone and boosted subsequently with virus-derived gp130. High antibody titres of at le
Sol N; Morinet F; Alizon M; Hazan U; Service de Bacteriologie et Virologie, Hopital Saint-Louis,; Paris, France.
Persistent parvovirus B19 infections in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients have been reported. The two viruses could share common target cells. The NS1 protein of B19 regulates B19 expression and we have investigated its possible effect on the long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1. In transien
Li HY; Sun NJ; Kashiwada Y; Sun L; Snider JV; Cosentino LM; Lee KH; Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of; North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
A new C31 lanostane-type triterpene, assigned the trivial name suberosol [1], has been isolated from Polyalthia suberosa as an anti-HIV principle. The structure has been characterized as 24-methylenelanost-7,9(11)-diene-3 beta, 15 alpha-diol (suberosol) [1], based on spectroscopic evidence. Compound 1 was found to sho
Cieplak P; Kollman PA; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,; San Francisco 94143.
We present the application of free energy perturbation theory/molecular dynamics to predict the consequence of replacing each of the seven peptide bonds in the potent HIV protease inhibitor JG365: ACE (acetyl)-Ser-Leu-Asn-HEA (hydroxyethylamine analog of Phe-Pro)-Ile-Val-NME (N-methyl) by ethylene or fluoroethylene is
Barnes R; Barrett C; Weintraub S; Holowacz G; Chan M; LeBlanc E; Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Compassionate care for HIV-infected persons requires response to psychosocial needs. With no new external funding, Women s College Hospital, a 270-bed urban teaching hospital, provided effective psychosocial services for HIV-infected inpatients by developing a comprehensive policy, educating staff, organizing existing
Krepcho MA; Fernandez-Esquer ME; Freeman AC; Magee E; McAlister A; Dallas County Health Department, Texas 75202.
One hundred seventeen African-American current injecting drug users were interviewed in a closely matched pair of census tract communities in Dallas, Texas. A brief street intercept interview was administered that included an eligibility screener and questions on sexual behaviors with main or other partners and on inj
Stanford JL; Grange JM; University College London Medical School.
As the end of the twentieth century approaches new methods are needed for the treatment and control of tuberculosis. Vaccination needs to be rethought, and BCG either improved or replaced. Chemotherapy is no longer enough to meet the needs of impoverished countries, non-compliant patients, and increasingly drug-resist
Antisense RNAs can specifically and efficiently inhibit replication of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). One of the most effective viral target regions covers the first coding exons of the viral regulator genes tat and rev. Large parts of the corresponding antisense RNAs of several hundred nucleotides i
Kimmel PL; Umana WO; Simmens SJ; Watson J; Bosch JP; Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, D.C.
As the number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients has increased in the U.S., the number of infected patients treated for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has stabilized at about 1 to 2% of the hemodialyzed population. Little has been written regarding the role of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dial
Fabricius EM; Augenabteilung des Stadtischen Akademischen Lehrkrankenhauses; Munchen-Harlaching.
HIV-infected people are infectious during the 10-20 years incubation time as well as while suffering from AIDS. The disaster of this lentivirus epidemic is that there is a long time interval between source (virus inoculation) and result (manifestation of AIDS). The registered AIDS cases represent only the tip of a mo
Some ocular infections, only rarely seen in otherwise healthy individuals, are sometimes seen in patients with immunodeficiencies, i.e., with HIV infection. A typical example is the ophthalmic zoster or luetic uveitis in young individuals which should always imply the possibility of HIV infection. The so called opport
In two ongoing nationwide collaborative studies 375 children of 337 HIV infected mothers (Neonatal HIV Study [started in October 1986], C. Kind, M. D., St. Gall) and 154 pregnancies/induced abortions in 148 HIV infected women (HIV and Pregnancy [started in May 1989], Ch. Rudin, M. D., Basel) have been registered and s
Vass K; Hickey WF; Schmidt RE; Lassmann H; Neurological Institute, University of Vienna, Austria.
BACKGROUND: Currently available studies on the peripheral nervous system (PNS) give little information on the presence, distribution, turnover and function of bone marrow-derived cells such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. To address such issues, the present investigation of PNS tissues from bone marrow
Taguchi H; Sawada T; Fukushima A; Iwata J; Ohtsuki Y; Ueno H; Miyoshi I; Department of Internal Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Japan.
BACKGROUND: Among the various diseases associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection, HTLV-I-associated uveitis has been proposed as a distinct clinical entity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Four rabbits experimentally infected with HTLV-I by blood transfusion from an HTLV-I-infected rabbit were observed
Cayla JA; Jansa JM; Iglesias B; Artazcoz L; Plasencia A; Servicio de Epidemiologia, Institut Municipal de la Salut,; Barcelona.
BACKGROUND: To analyze the epidemiologic situation of AIDS in Barcelona with a descriptive study and a temporal trends analysis. METHODS: Patients detected between 1981 and 1991 were included through a system of active surveillance. Relative risks (RR), odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals and Student s t-te
Med Law. 1993;12(1-2):11-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93390256
Olsthoorn-Heim ET; Health Council of the Netherlands, The Hague.
When insurers demand information about HIV infection or that an HIV test be performed, the personal rights of applicants for insurance are under pressure. How can the balance between the contracting parties be restored? Dutch arguments and statements are pointed out.
Med Law. 1993;12(1-2):3-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93390271
Khaiat L; Institut de Recherches Comparatives sur les Institutions et le; Droit, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,; Ivry-sur-Seine, France.
What are the proclaimed and actual objectives of the legal measures various governments have adopted to deal with the AIDS pandemic? What political and social issues are involved? Are public health regulations compatible with human rights? Does the fight against AIDS justify discrimination and repression? Will AIDS, g
Md Med J. 1993 Jun;42(6):565-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93390283
el-Mallakh RS; Okoneski D; Schapiro P; Ligay DJ; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of; Louisville School of Medicine.
Designing an effective, outpatient, community-based neuropsychiatric program for persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) is challenging because the affected population is diverse. The individuals must cope with a multitude of complications while anticipating a shortened life span. Behavioral and emo
Md Med J. 1993 Jun;42(6):571-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93390284
Lyketsos CG; Storch DD; Lann HD; Finn R; Haber R; Meng R; AIDS Psychiatry Service, Johns Hopkins University.
The Maryland Psychiatric Society (MPS) Public Psychiatry Committee, concerned with the preparedness of Baltimore mental health facilities to deal with the accelerating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, surveyed public sector mental health facilities. The survey results indicated that the number of HIV-infec
Med Hypotheses. 1993 Jun;40(6):332-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93390361
Pandit HM; D'Youville College, Buffalo, New York 14201.
One of the most important antibodies that nature has developed for malarial parasites can be used for treating cancer as well as diseases like AIDS. The globins and their derivatives of abnormal red blood cells (sickle cells and thalassemia), have evolved as a selective resistance to malarial infections. Plasmodium
Med Hypotheses. 1993 Jun;40(6):377-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93390371
Elomaa E; Kellokoski Hospital, Finland.
It has been shown that neuroleukin, a secretary product of T cells, is partly homologous to HIV gp 120 envelope protein. Since HIV naive T cells sometimes induce the production of antibodies against HIV coat proteins in a new host, it is suggested that the development of AIDS in HIV-infected people could be prevented
Krause VL; Britton WJ; Disease Control, Northern Territory Department of Health and; Community Services, Casuarina.
Until recently tuberculosis was considered a well controlled disease, at least in developed countries. In developing countries, more than seven million people are affected by active tuberculosis. This situation is exacerbated by poor infrastructure to support tuberculosis control measures and the interaction between t
Britton CB; Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Drug use will soon become the major risk for transmission of HIV infection in the United States , which will result in near equal incidence of the disease in men and women and more affected children. This has serious implications for the health care community and for the community at la
N Engl J Med. 1993 Oct 14;329(16):1164-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93390564
Paddock CD; Suchard DP; Grumbach KL; Hadley WK; Kerschmann RL; Abbey NW; Dawson JE; Anderson BE; Sims KG; Dumler JS; et al; Department of Pathology, San Francisco General Hospital, CA; 94110.
Yatvin MB; Stowell MH; Steinhart CR; Department of Radiation Oncology, Oregon Health Sciences; University, Portland 97201-3098.
Considering the lack of effectiveness of current therapies to treat HIV disease, the authors present observations that provide a strong cogent argument for critically designed and meticulously performed clinical trials employing whole body hyperthermia with or without other therapeutic modalities. Only as a result of
Dodson TB; Nguyen T; Kaban LB; Emory University School of Medicine, Division of; Oral/Maxillofacial Surgery, Atlanta, Ga.
To date there have been no systematic reports of the prevalence of HIV infection in dental surgery patients. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of (1) HIV infection and (2) the risk factors for HIV infection in a sample of patients who went an oral and maxillofacial surgery outpatient clinic in a
Kubota S; Furuta R; Maki M; Siomi H; Hatanaka M; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
Retroviruses generally integrate as proviruses which are flanked by long-terminal repeats (LTRs) on both 5 and 3 ends. Since these LTRs are required for the efficient integration mediated by the viral integrase, it is believed that defective proviruses with a single LTR are normally formed by deletion after integrat
Singer EJ; Zorilla C; Fahy-Chandon B; Chi S; Syndulko K; Tourtellotte WW; West Los Angeles VAMC, Department of Neurology, CA 90073.
We studied the painful symptoms associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its treatment in a group of men enrolled in a prospective longitudinal study of HIV effects on the nervous system. The most common painful illnesses reported were HIV-related headaches, herpes simplex, painful
O'Neill WM; Sherrard JS; Department of Palliative Medicine, St. Thomas's Hospital, London,; UK.
Pain is a symptom commonly experienced by people with HIV infection and its prevalence increases as the disease progresses. This article reviews the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of the various opportunistic infections, neoplasms and other HIV-related problems that may manifest as pain. The investigation o
Strickley RG; Anderson BD; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College; of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.
The O-alkyl-N-aryl thiocarbamate, I, (2-chloro-5-[[(1-methyl-ethoxy)thioxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid, 1-methylethylester, NSC 629243, also known as Uniroyal Jr.) is an experimental anti-HIV drug with very low water solubility (1.5 micrograms/mL). Early clinical studies required an injectable solution at approximately 1
Presse Med. 1993 May 29;22(19):899-902. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93391319
Lacassin F; Longuet P; Perronne C; Leport C; Gehanno P; Vilde JL; Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hopital; Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris.
To assess the clinical presentation and outcome of infectious sinusitis in HIV-infected patients, we analyzed in a retrospective study, the records of HIV-infected patients hospitalized from June 1986 to November 1989. Twenty-eight episodes of infectious sinusitis, defined by radiological signs, were recorded in 20 HI
Presse Med. 1993 May 29;22(19):903-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93391320
Ragnaud JM; Morlat P; Dupon M; Lacoste D; Pellegrin JL; Chene G; Clinique medicale et des Maladies infectieuses, Hopital; Pellegrin, Bordeaux.
A presumptive diagnosis of toxoplasmic encephalitis was made in 73 of the 428 AIDS patients followed in the Bordeaux Regional Hospital between 1985 and 1990. The sex ratio (M:F) was 2.8:1. The mean age was 36.2 years. Forty-three percent were homosexuals, 30 percent intravenous drug abusers. The encephalitis revealed
Presse Med. 1993 May 29;22(19):909-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93391321
May T; Janbon F; Beuscart C; Meyran M; Roue R; Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU; Nancy-Brabois, Vandoeuvre.
A French multicentre study was conducted in 15 Infectious Diseases departments; 347 cases of severe staphylococcal infections were collected during one year (October 1989 to October 1990): Two-hundred and fifty-eight strains were analysed with complementary bacteriological studies, including 62 strains of methicillin-
Presse Med. 1993 May 29;22(19):914-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93391322
Leophonte P; Mularczyk M; Geslin P; Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie, Hopital de Rangueil,; Toulouse.
During the last few years, acquired resistance of pneumococci to the main families of normally active antibiotics has appeared. This resistance is now worldwide but unevenly distributed: in Europe, for instance, it predominates in Spain and
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Sep 15;90(18):8387-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93391360
Tong L; Pav S; Pargellis C; Do F; Lamarre D; Anderson PC; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim; Pharmaceutical, Inc., Ridgefield, CT 06877.
The crystal structure of HIV-2 protease in complex with a reduced amide inhibitor [BI-LA-398; Phe-Val-Phe-psi (CH2NH)-Leu-Glu-Ile-amide] has been determined at 2.2-A resolution and refined to a crystallographic R factor of 17.6%. The rms deviation from ideality in bond lengths is 0.018 A and in bond angles is 2.8 degr
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Sep 15;90(18):8658-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93391414
Tyor WR; Power C; Gendelman HE; Markham RB; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia complex is a common and devastating manifestation of the late phases of HIV infection. The pathogenesis of dementia complex is poorly understood and effective treatments have not been developed, in part because of the lack of a
We report a case of apparently isolated pleural Pneumocystis carinii infection in an AIDS patient under primary prophylaxis with pentamidine aerosols. Owing to the absence of the usual radiological signs and to negative broncho-alveolar lavages the diagnosis was difficult, and only pleural biopsy during thoracotomy ma
Schmitt SL; Wexner SD; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Fort; Lauderdale.
Colitides of bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral origin require an organized approach for diagnosis and treatment. Many colitides are transmitted through poor hygienic practices. However, increasing numbers of patients are at risk because of immunocompromise. This population includes the elderly, individuals takin
Schmied-Dufour C; Schmied E; Centre medical, La Chaux-de-Fonds.
Drug-induced skin reactions may represent warning signs in three different situations. First, the cutaneous rash may reveal an underlying systemic disease being perhaps still undiagnosed. The following examples illustrate this concept: the drug-induced eruption observed in patients suffering from infectious mononucleo
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1993 Aug 20;113(19):2402-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392116
Sande HA; Kvinneklinikken Familie- og Barnklinikken, Ulleval sykehus,; Oslo.
21 HIV positive women have given birth at Ulleval Hospital. Initially this category consisted of drug addicts infected by hypodermic needles, but in the last few years, most of the women were infected heterosexually. Maternity check-ups should be performed in cooperation with internists. Because of the danger of reduc
31 children born to HIV-seropositive mothers were tested for the presence of HIV infection by an HIV-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay within the first months of life, at a time when the antibody (AB) tests did not yet allow a diagnosis. The follow-up by Western Blot and/or antigen (Ag)-ELISA indicated an HIV infe
Z Gesamte Inn Med. 1993 Aug;48(8):392-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392530
Wieser O
Statistics show that half of the world population are infected by mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, in third-world countries with the highest mortality rates no statistics are available. In the industrialised countries AIDS leads to a new spread of tbc, particularly with mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOT).
Z Kardiol. 1993 Jul;82(7):425-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392552
Fritsch J; Winter UJ; Reupke I; Gitt AK; Berge PG; Hilger HH; Klinik III fur Innere Medizin, Universitat zu Koln.
Autologous blood donation is an established method for an effective reduction of the blood-transfusion-associated infectious diseases (hepatitis, HIV infections, etc.) in elective surgical procedures. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of a blood donation of 450 ml on the cardiopulmonary exercise capa
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;329:1-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392704
Steinman RM; Witmer-Pack M; Inaba K; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller; University, New York, NY 10021.
Because of difficulties in isolation, it has taken some time to arrive at a reasonable outline of the dendritic cell system. With the international effort that is assembled here, the main features of this system are apparent. There are now several criteria that allow for dendritic cell identification, there is underst
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;329:411-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392762
Masuda A; Burton GF; Fuchs BA; Szakal AK; Tew JG; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of; Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;329:521-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392780
Chehimi J; Prakash K; Shanmugam V; Jackson SJ; Bandyopadhyay S; Starr SE; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Joseph Stokes,; Jr. Research Institute of The Children's Hospital of; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;329:545-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392785
Knight SC; Macatonia SE; Cruickshank K; Rudge P; Patterson S; Northwick Park Hospital & Clinical Research Centre, Harrow,; Middlesex.
Individuals with HIV-1 infection show two major immunological effects--the early persistent stimulation of immune responses (e.g. of CD8 cells and antibody production) and later catastrophic immunodeficiency. Peripheral blood dendritic cells (DC) become infected with HIV-1 and infected cells can stimulate responses to
Ann Intern Med. 1993 Oct 15;119(8):786-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93392996
Collier AC; Coombs RW; Fischl MA; Skolnik PR; Northfelt D; Boutin P; Hooper CJ; Kaplan LD; Volberding PA; Davis LG; et al; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
OBJECTIVE: To assess safety, pharmacokinetics, and in-vivo virologic activity of five different combination regimens of zidovudine and didanosine compared with zidovudine alone in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. DESIGN: Open-label, partially randomized, dose-ranging study. SETTING:
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1993 Sep;20(12):1853-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93393213
Yamane T; Ohta K; Nakao Y; Yasui Y; Shindo K; Tanaka K; Hasuike T; Hirai M; Takekawa K; Hirai N; et al; Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, Osaka City University Medical; School.
A 52-year-old man, who complained of tarry stool and systemic lymphadenopathy, was admitted to our hospital on July 2, 1992. Biopsy showed diffuse large cell lymphoma. Leukocytosis with atypical lymphocytes was not shown in the peripheral blood, but there was an elevated serum LDH level. The man was found to have both
Ann Thorac Surg. 1993 Sep;56(3):649-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93393310
Feins RH; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Rochester, New; York 14642.
A review of the thoracic complications associated with the immunosuppression seen in the setting of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), transplantation, and cancer chemotherapy was undertaken to define the role of thoracoscopy and video-assisted thoracic surgery in this context. Pulmonary parenchymal diseas
Semba RD; Graham NM; Caiaffa WT; Margolick JB; Clement L; Vlahov D; Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Institute, Johns; Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether plasma vitamin A levels are associated with immunologic status and clinical outcome during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Analysis of vitamin A levels, CD4 T cells, complete blood cell count, and serologic markers for liver disease in a rand
Butera ST; Roberts BD; Leung K; Nabel GJ; Folks TM; Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the inter-relationship between HIV-1 infection and the cell surface receptors for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, an immunoregulatory cytokine that can enhance HIV-1 replication. DESIGN: Infected promyelocytic and promonocytic cells were examined because they normally express both types of TNF
Pillay D; Lipman MC; Lee CA; Johnson MA; Griffiths PD; McLaughlin JE; Department of Virology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine,; London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of opportunistic viral infections in multiple tissues at postmortems of HIV-infected patients, and to relate these findings to their antemortem clinical course. DESIGN: A study of viral infections in 16 tissues of HIV-positive postmortem cases, by a combination of histology and c
Naides SJ; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of; Medicine, Iowa City 52242.
Viruses have long been considered candidates for infectious etiologic agents or cofactors in the development of rheumatic diseases. The current epidemic of HIV infection has focused both scientific and lay interest on identifying such agents and understanding their role in precipitating and perpetuating disease. Durin
Biochemistry. 1993 Aug 24;32(33):8439-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93363572
Willbold D; Kruger U; Frank R; Rosin-Arbesfeld R; Gazit A; Yaniv A; Rosch P; Lehrstuhl fur Struktur und Chemie der Biopolymere, Universitat; Bayreuth, Germany.
The equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) trans-activating (Tat) protein is a close homologue of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Tat protein. Both of these proteins bind to an RNA trans-activation responsive element (TAR). We synthesized chemically a protein with the sequence of the 75 amino acid Tat protein fr
J Vet Med Sci. 1993 Jun;55(3):387-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93363751
Matsumura S; Ishida T; Washizu T; Tomoda I; Nagata S; Chiba J; Kurata T; Department of Clinical Pathology, Nippon Veterinary and Animal; Science University, Tokyo, Japan.
Five specific pathogen free cats were inoculated with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) isolated in Japan to observe changes toward development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-like disease. All inoculated cats had lymphadenopathy and mild respiratory disease shortly a
Fukui T; Imura S; Goto T; Nakai M; Department of Microbiology, Osaka Medical College, Japan.
The cores of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV) were observed by negative staining after isolation of the core with Nonidet P40 and glutaraldehyde. Four kinds of cores were found: asymmetric and symmetric sectoral shapes, a bar shape, and a triangular shape. These results were confirmed by the exa
Neyts J; Stals F; Bruggeman C; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)-2,6-diaminopurine (PMEDAP), a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, was evaluated for its activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in vitro, and murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and rat CMV (RCMV) in vivo. PMEDAP strongly
Moroni M; Esposito R; Cernuschi M; Franzetti F; Carosi GP; Fiori GP; Clinica Malattie Infettive, Universita di Milano, Italia.
We evaluated the effect of octreotide, a long-acting synthetic analogue of native somatostatin, on bowel frequency in 13 patients with AIDS-associated refractory diarrhoea. Cryptosporidium enteritis and cytomegalovirus colitis were the most common causes of diarrhoea. All patients
Int J Psychiatry Med. 1993;23(2):119-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93366549
Goodkin K; Antoni MH; Helder L; Sevin B; Center for the Biopsychosocial Study of AIDS, University of Miami; School of Medicine.
OBJECTIVE: Psychosocial associations have been observed with level of cervical dysplasia or pre-cancer and invasive cervical cancer [related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection]. Psychoneuroimmunological relationships have been observed in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, which is being descr
Shakiba S; Assil KK; Listhaus AD; Munguia D; Flores-Aguilar M; Vuong C; Wiley CA; Tolman RL; Karkas JD; Bergeron-Lynn G; et al; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego,; La Jolla 92093-0946.
PURPOSE. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important pathogen in the immunocompromised patient. CMV retinitis is a leading cause of blindness in patients with AIDS. Ganciclovir and foscarnet are currently the treatments being used for this retinitis, but they both have major toxic
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993 Jun 15;202(12):1978-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93366668
Barr MC; Butt MT; Anderson KL; Lin DS; Kelleher TF; Scott FW; Cornell Feline Health Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; 14853.
The course of naturally acquired infection with feline immunodeficiency virus was monitored in a cat over an 18-month period after diagnosis. The cat was admitted with diarrhea, poor body condition, a bite wound abscess, gingivitis, chronic fever, and splenomegaly. The cat s condition improved after splenectomy and re
Braun W; Weber B; Moell U; Hamann A; Doerr HW; Department of Medical Virology, University Clinics of Frankfurt; a. M., Germany.
Immunoglobulin A and M patterns to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) were investigated in sera from actively HCMV infected AIDS patients (n = 61) and healthy HCMV seropositive controls (n = 28) by a Western blot method (modi-blotting) and ELISA. The Western blot showed a higher detectio
J Med Virol. 1993 Jun;40(2):107-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93367410
Marriott E; Navas S; del Romero J; Garcia S; Castillo I; Quiroga JA; Carreno V; Department of Gastroenterology, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz,; Madrid, Spain.
A pilot study of chronic hepatitis C treatment was conducted in 14 patients (13 had chronic active hepatitis and 1 had liver cirrhosis). All patients were asymptomatic for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (mean CD4 count of 584 +/- 283 cells/mm3). Patients received 9 MU rIFN-alpha 2A per day for three mon
J Med Virol. 1993 Jun;40(2):157-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93367418
Musiani M; Azzi A; Zerbini M; Gibellini D; Venturoli S; Zakrzewska K; Re MC; Gentilomi G; Gallinella G; La Placa M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Bologna, Italy.
Persistent B19 parvovirus infection has been recognized in immunocompromised patients, often occurring with a low-titer viremia. In this study, nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of B19 parvovirus DNA was carried out on the sera of 49 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-seropositive patients, ne
Shpaer EG; Mullins JI; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University; School of Medicine, CA 94305-5402.
A spectrum of pathogenicity has been observed for primate lentiviruses in their natural hosts. For example, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent etiologic agent for AIDS in man, whereas there is no evidence to date which indicates that simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys (SIVAGM
Schatzl H; Tschikobava M; Rose D; Voevodin A; Nitschko H; Sieger E; Busch U; von der Helm K; Lapin B; Max von Pettenkofer Institute for Medical Microbiology and; Hygiene, University of Munich, Germany.
T-cell leukemia virus-like proviral sequences (STLV-I) as well as EBV-like sequences were detected in PBLs and tissues of non-human primates (Papio hamadryas baboons, Green monkeys and Macaca arctoides; Sukhumi Primate Center/ Georgia ) by PCR. Surprisingly, two different types of S
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Aug 31;195(1):242-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93371411
Lin JC; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
We have demonstrated in transient expression assays that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA polymerase transactivates expression of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene linked to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 5 long terminal repeat (LTR). The evidence was provided by two sets of ex
Moench TR; Whaley KJ; Mandrell TD; Bishop BD; Witt CJ; Cone RA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,; Maryland.
OBJECTIVES: To develop an animal model to study transmucosal lentivirus transmission, and to determine whether topical application of contraceptive jelly can block transmission by an infected cell incoulum. DESIGN: Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), a lentivirus similar to HIV, causes an AIDS-like disease in domesti
Guydish J; Bucardo J; Young M; Woods W; Grinstead O; Clark W; Institute for Health Policy Studies, San Francisco, CA 94109.
OBJECTIVE: We analyzed data on all drug-treatment admissions in San Francisco County over a 4-year period (n = 35,460) to evaluate the potential negative effects of the San Francisco needle-exchange program. METHODS: Admissions in the 2 years preceding implementation of the exchange program (1987-1988) were compared w
Brattegaard K; Kouadio J; Adom ML; Doorly R; George JR; De Cock KM; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a combination of rapid tests as a strategy for screening and supplemental testing of serum for HIV-1 and/or HIV-2 antibodies. DESIGN: Cross-sectional evaluation. SETTING: Projet RETRO-CI, an AIDS research project in Abidjan, Cote d Ivoire . METHODS: Serum
Ann Pharmacother. 1993 Jul-Aug;27(7-8):827-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93372440
Struwe M; Kaempfer SH; Geiger CJ; Pavia AT; Plasse TF; Shepard KV; Ries K; Evans TG; Division of Foods and Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake; City.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of dronabinol (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) on appetite and nutritional status in patients with symptomatic HIV infection and weight loss. DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial with two five-week treatment periods separated by a two-week washout period.
Lipschik GY; Doerfler ME; Kovacs JA; Travis WD; Andrawis VA; Lawrence MG; Dichter JR; Ognibene FP; Shelhamer JH; Critical Care Medicine Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical; Center, Bethesda, MD.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogenesis of lung injury in Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia and nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis (NIP), common pulmonary complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The efficacy of corticosteroid therapy in P carinii pneumonia and the observation that bronch
Smith JS; Kawa S; Cloyd MW; Thompson EB; University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Human; Biological Chemistry and Genetics, Galveston 77555-0645.
We examined the effect of chronic human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection on the growth of human leukemic CEM T cells exposed to compounds which act through several major hormone or hormone-like signal transduction systems. Three were not altered by HIV-1 infection. Micromolar 8-bromo-cAMP inhibited cell grow
FEBS Lett. 1993 Sep 13;330(2):219-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93374068
Kinchington D; Randall S; Winther M; Horrobin D; Department of Virology, Medical College of St. Bartholomew's; Hospital, West Smithfield, London, UK.
Lithium gamma-linolenate (Li-GLA), was evaluated for its activity in selectively killing H9 cells chronically infected with HIV-1RF. After 4 days incubation with Li-GLA approximately 90% of the H9RF cells were non-viable compared to 20% of uninfected H9 cells. The efficacy of the Li-GLA, in preferentially killing HIV
Kiss-Toth E; Paca-uccaralertkun S; Unk I; Boros I; Institute of Biochemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged.
The trans activator protein of Bovine Leukaemia Virus (tax) increases the rate of transcription from the virus promoter through 21 bp sequences located in three tandem copies in the virus LTR. Based on data obtained by three different experimental approaches we concluded that the central CRE-like motif found in each o
Vet Res Commun. 1993;17(1):55-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93377330
Belak S; Ballagi-Pordany A; Department of Virology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala,; Sweden.
The polymerase chain reaction has become an important diagnostic tool for the veterinary virologist. Conventional methods for detecting viral diseases can be laborious or ineffective. In many cases PCR can provide a rapid and accurate test. In this article we explain the basic principles of PCR and supply a reference
Orita S; Sato S; Aono Y; Minoura N; Yamashita T; Hinuma Y; Igarashi H; Shionogi Institute for Medical Science, Osaka, Japan.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and its related viruses, that is, human T-cell leukemia virus type 2 (HTLV-2), simian T-cell leukemia virus (STLV), and bovine leukemia virus (BLV), encode a doubly spliced pX mRNA transcript in addition to the singly spliced env and unspliced gag-pol mRNAs common to the pro
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;330:13-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93377560
Mandelblatt J; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Division of Cancer; Control, New York, New York 10021.
Relationships between cancer and aging will assume greater scientific importance over the coming decades as the number and proportion of elderly increase. Contrary to popular belief, cervical cancer remains an important disease into old age. This paper will briefly review what is known about immune senescence, cervica
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):633-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378785
Malamud D; Davis C; Berthold P; Roth E; Friedman H; Department of Biochemistry, University of Pennsylvania School of; Dental Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.
Incubation of HIV with human whole, parotid, or submandibular saliva leads to a decrease in viral infectivity in Sup-T1 cells. The effect is most pronounced with submandibular saliva. Inhibition is seen within 2 min, and increases with time. There is little inhibition seen after incubation of saliva with HSV, and no e
Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) K is present in about 50 copies in the human genome and transcription of HERV-K has previously been detected in several tumor cell lines as well as in peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy donors. By means of immunoblotting we investigated the presence of antibodies recognizing r
Dreno B; Milpied-Homsi B; Moreau P; Bureau B; Litoux P; Department of Dermatology, Hotel Dieu, Nantes, France.
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome exists in tumour cells of T-cell lymphomas in non-immunosuppressed patients. We identified EBV-DNA by in situ hybridization in a case of anaplastic T-cell lymphoma associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). EBV-DNA has been reported in AIDS-related Hodgkin s disease
Can J Surg. 1993 Aug;36(4):321-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93379937
Keshavjee SH; Magee LA; Mullen BJ; Baron DL; Brunton JL; Gallinger S; Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
Intra- and extrahepatic bile-duct strictures, papillary stenosis and acalculous cholecystitis have all been described in ill patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Acalculous cholecystitis associated with cytomegalovirus (
Kalinkovich A; Livshits G; Engelmann H; Harpaz N; Burstein R; Kaminsky M; Wallach D; Bentwich Z; R. Ben-Ari Institute of Clinical Immunology, Kaplan Hospital,; Hebrew University Medical School, Rehovot, Israel.
The objective of this study was to determine sTNF-R, type I (p55) and type II (p75) in sera of HIV-infected male homosexuals and correlate them to T lymphocyte subpopulations and course of HIV infection. Serum samples were obtained from 39 HIV-1+ asymptomatic male homosexuals, 10 symptomatic (ARC and AIDS) male homose
Abe M; Umehara F; Nakagawa M; Izumo S; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagashima University.
A 33-year-old woman, whose parents were consanguineously married, was admitted to our hospital because of progressive difficulty in walking and hoarseness in speech. She had been in good health as a child, at age 16 ulcerations appeared on the skin of feet, and have been recurrent. AT age 22, bilateral cataracts were
Sexually transmissible diseases (STD), caused by viruses are by far the most important ones, even though German legislation has ignored them up to now as STD. Anogenital herpes is easily diagnosed by means of monoclonal antibodies. This makes therapy available with acyclovir wit
Cotte L; Drouet E; Bissuel F; Denoyel GA; Trepo C; Hepatogastroenterology and AIDS Clinical and Research Unit,; Hotel-Dieu Hospital, Lyon, France.
In order to assess the value of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA amplification of gastrointestinal biopsies, we studied 57 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with and without gastrointestinal HCMV diseases. After DNA extraction, a 406-bp fragment from the unique short r
Howard MT; Griffith JD; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North; Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599.
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) integrates into host cellular DNA as a double strand DNA molecule. Here a previously studied HIV isolate was examined for binding and cleavage by topoisomerase II in vitro within the 5 LTR region and human flanking DNA. A cluster of strong binding and cleavage sites in the human
Craven RC; Leure-duPree AE; Erdie CR; Wilson CB; Wills JW; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hershey Medical; Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine 17033.
A mutant of Rous sarcoma virus was constructed in which the nine amino acids that separate the CA and NC sequences in the Gag protein were deleted. The spacer peptide deletion mutant produced particles containing the normal complement of viral RNA and all of the viral proteins, including reverse transcriptase. Though
Mayo Clin Proc. 1993 Sep;68(9):899-910. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93382148
Aksamit AJ Jr; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
Biotinylated DNA:DNA in situ hybridization was used for determining the presence of JC virus in brain tissues of 67 patients thought to have progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Sixty patients had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or other illnesses that decreased the cell-mediated immunity. Two patient
A number of prophylactic vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have passed through phase I clinical trials, and phase II clinical trials are now being planned. These vaccines are not expected to be perfect and might fail in a number of different ways. This paper shows how to equate different aspects of i
Wagaman PC; Hasselkus-Light CS; Henson M; Lerner DL; Phillips TR; Elder JH; Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, California 92037.
The feline lentivirus, FIV, contains dUTPase (DU) as part of the enzyme cassette encoded by the viral pol gene (Elder et al., 1992, J. Virol. 66, 1791-1794). The enzyme is processed from the Pol polyprotein and is packaged into infectious virions. We report here the basic characteristics of the viral enzyme, including
Levy LS; Lobelle-Rich PA; Overbaugh J; Abkowitz JL; Fulton R; Roy-Burman P; Department of Microbiology and Immunology SL-38, Tulane; University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112.
The flvi-2 locus is a target of insertional mutagenesis in thymic lymphosarcomas induced by feline leukemia virus (FeLV). flvi-2 encodes the gene bmi-1, whose product is implicated as a myc-collaborator in the induction of B- and T-cell lymphoma. We have examined the involvement of flvi-2 and myc in natural and experi
Sabourin JC; Kanavaros P; Briere J; Lescs MC; Petrella T; Zafrani ES; Gaulard P; Departement de Pathologie, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil,; France.
Recently, in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques have shown that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) could be detected in tumor cells of most angiocentric T-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL). These studies included only a few cases of T-NHL of the lung and pulmonary B-NHL and have not been investigated. Furthermore, the express
Robinovitch MR; Iversen JM; Resnick L; Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry University of; Washington, Seattle 98195.
The purpose of this investigation was to adapt an MT-2 cell syncytium-forming assay for measuring anti-infectivity activity of salivary secretions toward HIV and to determine the distribution of this activity in a population of healthy adult subjects. Whole saliva samples were collected from 27 volunteers, who reporte
Boyle MJ; Sculley TB; Penny R; Sewell WA; Tschuchnigg M; Berger MF; Cooper DA; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
High grade B cell non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) is an increasingly important problem in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Fifty percent of these tumours harbour the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and there is an equal frequency of EBV A and B-subtypes in th
Hanson RM; Child Protection Unit, Children's Hospital, Camperdown, New South; Wales, Australia.
Sexually transmitted diseases pose a significant problem for children who have been sexually abused. The pattern of sexually transmitted diseases in this group reflects their changing pattern in the community at large. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in sexual abuse victims is significant although it d
An automated system for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and detection combats false-positive results caused by PCR product carryover. The system uses a single vessel for both PCR amplification and the subsequent detection of PCR products, eliminating the need to handle PCR products in an open environment
Vinters HV; Wang R; Wiley CA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA Medical; Center 90024-1732.
Herpesviruses (especially cytomegalovirus [ CMV ] and Epstein-Barr virus [EBV]) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic (Rasmussen) encephalitis associated with epilepsy. To assess the presence of herpesvirus genes
Burshtyn DN; Barber BH; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Canada.
In an effort to examine the peptide binding properties of purified class I MHC molecules, we have developed a solid phase, radiolabeled peptide binding assay based on the use of H-2Db molecules bound to agarose beads via heavy chain-specific mAb. Using purified Db beta 2m, recovered from RMA-S cells and bound to immun
Nguyen BY; Shay LE; Wyvill KM; Pluda JM; Brawley O; Cohen RB; Whitcup SM; Venzon DJ; Broder S; Yarchoan R; Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
A pilot study was initiated to explore a sequential combination antiretroviral regimen in 21 patients with AIDS or advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, who had received little or no prior anti-HIV therapy. The mean entry CD4 cell count was 184/mm3. Patients received 3-week cycles consisting of zidovu
Tricoire J; Claeyssens-Donadel S; Robert A; Rolland M; Moulin F; Kulhein E; Berrebi A; Izopet J; Puel J; Service de medecine infantile B, CHU Purpan, Toulouse.
Early predictive factors of HIV infection in infants born to HIV infected mothers were carried out to evaluate the roles of immunological parameters for the diagnosis and prognosis of HIV infection. T-lymphocyte subsets and serum immunoglobulins were studied on cord blood in three groups of neonates: 14 infected infan
Asano Y; Yoshikawa T; Urisu A; Yazaki T; Mizoguchi Y; Kurata T; Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of; Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
Pathological findings of an otherwise healthy 17 month old boy who was exposed to Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in his family and unexpectedly died 3 days after onset of varicella are reported. They showed a disseminated VZV infection with involvement of skin, lung, liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and other organ
Kotzin BL; Leung DY; Kappler J; Marrack P; Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Center for Immunology; and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206.
In the past few years, there has been a virtual explosion of information on the viral and bacterial molecules now known as superantigens. Some structures have been defined and the mechanism by which they interact with MHC class II and the V beta region of the T cell receptor is being clarified. Data are accumulating r
Greene WK; Meers J; Chadwick B; Carnegie PR; Robinson WF; School of Veterinary Studies, Murdoch University, Perth,; Australia.
Proviral DNA from four Australian isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was amplified by PCR and the nucleotide sequence determined for two conserved regions within gag (p15/p24) and pol (RT) genes. Comparison with the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of two previously described U.S. isolates from
Manian FA; Meyer L; Jenne J; Department of Infection Control, St. John's Mercy Medical Center,; St. Louis, MO.
OBJECTIVE: To better assess the risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens following puncture injuries due to needles removed from intravenous (IV) lines. SETTING: Tertiary care community medical center. PATIENTS: A convenience sample of hospitalized patients requiring IV piggy-back medications. METHODS: Examination of
Kidd PG; Cheng SC; Paxton H; Landay A; Gelman R; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington,; Seattle 98195.
OBJECTIVE: CD4 counts have been used to monitor progression of disease in HIV infection as criteria for initiation of therapy, and to stratify and follow patients in clinical trials. Recently, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has made CD4 counts part of the classification of HIV disease. Because a
Schoenfeld DA; Finkelstein DM; Richman DD; Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; 02114.
OBJECTIVE: To provide information that will be helpful in designing AIDS clinical trials that use CD4 as an end-point. DESIGN: Meta-analysis of randomized AIDS clinical trials comparing zidovudine and placebo. SETTING: Tertiary care. PATIENTS: Eight hundred and twenty-seven patients with HIV infection. INTERVENTIONS:
Phillips AN; Sabin CA; Elford J; Bofill M; Lee CA; Janossy G; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Royal Free Hospital; and School of Medicine, London, UK.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of the CD8 lymphocyte count and immunoglobulin (Ig) A level, measured at the early stage of HIV infection when the CD4 lymphocyte count remains relatively high, to predict the future rate of CD4 lymphocyte loss and hence the risk of AIDS. DESIGN: Cohort of recently infected haemophilia
Cancer Treat Res. 1993;66:65-79. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93363470
Butler RD; Hainsworth JD; Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Oncology,; Nashville, TN 37232.
Small noncleaved cell lymphoma is now well recognized as a specific subtype of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma with distinctive clinicopathologic characteristics. Initial treatment results in children with endemic Burkitt s lymphoma also indicated a unique sensitivity to cytotoxic chemother
Greggio NA; Cameran M; Giaquinto C; Zacchello F; Koroliuk D; Colizzi V; Department of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Italy.
RFLP HLA-DRB1 analysis was performed on a total of 83 children born from HIV-infected mothers, 35 of whom were shown to be HIV-infected, while 48 reverted from seropositivity to seronegativity, indicating that they were not infected. Moreover, 89 healthy children were used as controls. It has been found that DRB1-14a
Two recombinant fusion proteins representing the C-terminus of the envelope glycoprotein of HTLV-I (rEnv-93(201-440)) and the C-terminus of the external glycoprotein (RE-3(165-306)) were tested in a Western blot (WB) assay for their ability to detect the presence of env antibodies in serum specimens from HTLV-I (n = 2
The increasing rate of HIV infection among women presages an important role for providers of health care to women. The need to provide obstetric and gynecologic care to HIV-infected women and to become involved in efforts to control the disease are important issues facing today s obstetrician-gynecologists.
Esiri MM; Department of Neuropathology and Clinical Neurology, Radcliffe; Infirmary, Oxford, U.K.
The organisation value and problems related to the setting up and running of Oxford brain banks to investigate Alzheimer s disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and AIDS are described. Most neuropathology departments have some sort of brain bank consisting of stored, fixed brains with microscopic sections prepared from s
Bouckaert S; Remon JP; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ghent,; Belgium.
The bioadhesive characteristics of thermally modified starch/polyacrylic acid (PAA) tablets, containing miconazole nitrate, were determined. The detachment force and work of adhesion were significantly affected by the ratio of drum-dried waxy maize starch and PAA. Pure PAA showed the highest detachment force and work
Kohno K; Sekikawa T; Ogawara T; Matsumoto Y; First Department of Surgery, Yamanashi Medical College.
We investigated the relationship between preoperative serum IAP levels and lymphocyte subsets in 81 gastric cancer patients to clarify the clinical significance of serum IAP level of cancer host. In the two groups divided by cut-off point of serum IAP 580 micrograms/ml, the percentage of CD4+ cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio
Susal C; Kropelin M; Daniel V; Opelz G; Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of; Immunology, University of Heidelberg, FRG.
There is increasing evidence that autoimmune phenomena play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of AIDS. We found a high degree of sequence homology between HIV-1 and antigen receptor molecules, immunoglobulins and T cell receptors. Based on recent findings that the appearance of anti-Fab autoantibodies and at
Haustein UF; Pustowoit B; Krusche U; Herrmann K; Department of Dermatology, Leipzig University, Germany.
In 8 out of 29 patients with scleroderma we found antibodies to HIV retroviral proteins in the Western blot analysis. The sera reacted only to one or two of the following bands: p 18, p 24, p 55, p 65 in relatively weak grades. There were no evident clinical correlations with the reactivity of certain bands, nor signs
Lokke Jensen B; Weismann K; Mathiesen L; Klem Thomsen H; Department of Dermato-Venereology, Bispebjerg Hospital,; Copenhagen, Denmark.
A case of atypical varicella zoster in a 33-year-old AIDS patient is reported. The patient had had two attacks of herpes zoster within a year and was given high-dose acyclovir several times. Thereafter he developed small keratotic pellucid papules on fingers, wrists and face, wh
Am J Med Sci. 1993 Aug;306(2):105-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370421
Tunkel AR; Kelsall B; Rein MF; Innes DJ Jr; Saulsbury FT; Vollmer K; Wispelwey B; Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Medical College of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19129.
The records were reviewed of five human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected patients who underwent splenectomy, four for HIV-associated thrombocytopenia and one for gastric compression secondary to splenomegaly. After splenectomy, the four adult patients all had marked, sustained increases in their absolute C
Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1993 Mar;22(2):163-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370981
Chow VT; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, National; University of Singapore.
Viruses implicated in the development of human cancers include hepatitis B (and C) viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma; human papillomaviruses in anogenital cancers; Epstein-Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt s lymphoma; human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma viruses in adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma; and in
Boucher CA; van Leeuwen R; Kellam P; Schipper P; Tijnagel J; Lange JM; Larder BA; Department of Virology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
Zidovudine treatment of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) results in HIV-1 isolates with a reduced zidovudine sensitivity in vitro. This reduction is due to mutations causing amino acid substitutions at five codons (41, 67, 70, 215, and 219) on the reverse transcriptase enzyme of HI
Bieniasz PD; Ariyoshi K; Bourelly MA; Bloor S; Foxall RB; Harwood EC; Weber JN; Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine and Communicable Diseases,; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between infectious virus titre and proviral copy number in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of infected subjects and to ascertain which, if either, is most closely related to CD4+ cell loss and disease progression. DESIGN AND METHODS: Cellular HIV-1 viraemia was quant
Schwartlander B; Bek B; Skarabis H; Koch J; Burkowitz J; Koch MA; AIDS Centre, Federal Health Office, Berlin, Germany.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the use of immunological markers in addition to CD4+ lymphocyte count can improve the prediction of the probability of developing AIDS within a given period. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective multicentre cohort study of homosexual men. PATIENTS: A total of 447 HIV-positive homosexual men f
Courouce AM; Pillonel J; Lemaire JM; Maniez M; Brunet JB; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the serological and epidemiological characteristics of HTLV-I/II-positive blood donors in continental France during the first 6 months of universal screening of blood donations (n = 1,816,927). METHOD: A collaborative investigation of all confirmed anti-HTLV-
Chaisson RE; Stanton DL; Gallant JE; Rucker S; Bartlett JG; Moore RD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of the 1993 revision of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) AIDS surveillance case definition on the prevalence of AIDS. DESIGN: Review of prospectively collected baseline clinical and demographic data on HIV-infected patients presenting for care between December 198
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):639-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93378786
Rosenberg YJ; Zack PM; White BD; Papermaster SF; Elkins WR; Eddy GA; Lewis MG; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, Maryland 20850.
Although loss of CD4+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood is a standard criterion for evaluating the course of HIV disease, little is known about changes within lymphoid organs, which contain the bulk (> 50%) of the body s lymphocytes. Because such studies are feasible only by using non-human primates, we have examined ly
Mahalingam M; Peakman M; Davies ET; Pozniak A; McManus TJ; Vergani D; Department of Immunology, King's College School of Medicine,; London, UK.
In vitro studies have indicated that T lymphocyte activation may be of importance in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. In order to define the role of immune activation in vivo, we assessed the expression of the T cell activation markers HLA-DR and CD25 by flow cytometry in peripheral blood in relation to disease seve
Palmer S; Hamblin AS; Department of Virology, United Medical School, St Thomas'; Hospital, London, UK.
In HIV disease increased adhesion between leucocytes themselves and between leucocytes and endothelium may contribute to cell loss and viral spread. Using a novel method for the preparation of blood leucocytes for flow cytometry, we report increased expression of leucocyte adhesion molecules (LeuCAMs) (CD11/CD18) on p
Grant MD; Smaill FM; Rosenthal KL; Department of Pathology, McMaster University Health Sciences; Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Individuals infected with HIV have elevated numbers of total and activated CD8+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood. CD8+ lymphocytes from HIV-infected individuals have been shown to mediate non-human histocompatibility-linked antigen (HLA)-restricted suppression of viral replication, HLA-restricted killing of cells expre
Sullivan D; Bennett D; Henman M; Harwood P; Flint S; Mulcahy F; Shanley D; Coleman D; Moyne Institute, Department of Microbiology, School of Dental; Science, University of Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
Oligonucleotide fingerprinting of genomic DNA from oral isolates of four different Candida species other than C. albicans and atypical chlamydospore-positive isolates from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals and AIDS patients was investigated as a means for differentiating between isolates within i
Rieckmann P; Nunke K; Burchhardt M; Albrecht M; Wiltfang J; Ulrich M; Felgenhauer K; Department of Psychiatry, University of Gottingen, Germany.
A soluble form of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) was measured in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/blood samples from 123 patients with different neurological diseases. Mean levels of circulating ICAM-1 in the blood were mean +/- SD = 423 +/- 184.6 ng ml-1 (range 44-1115 ng ml-1). Considerable differen
Seremetis SV; Aledort LM; Bergman GE; Bona R; Bray G; Brettler D; Eyster ME; Kessler C; Lau TS; Lusher J; et al; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY 10029.
The availability of monoclonal-antibody-purified factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates allows us to test the hypothesis, based on in vitro observations, that their use in HIV seropositive haemophiliacs would result in a difference in the rate of deterioration of immune function. We designed a multicentre, prospective, rand
Gupta P; Kingsley L; Armstrong J; Ding M; Cottrill M; Rinaldo C; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate; School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 15261.
The progression to AIDS may be significantly related to the level of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. We have used quantitative cell culture and quantitative DNA and RNA PCR to measure viral load and expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained cross-sectionally and longitudinally
Ruppert J; Sidney J; Celis E; Kubo RT; Grey HM; Sette A; Cytel Corporation, San Diego, California 92121.
The functional determinants of histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2.1-peptide interactions have been detailed by the use of quantitative molecular binding assays and a chemically synthesized library of naturally occurring epitopes. The importance of hydrophobic anchor residues in position 2 and the C-terminus
Drug Metab Dispos. 1993 Jul-Aug;21(4):724-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93387141
Soria I; Zimmerman CL; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of; Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Carbovir (CBV), a carbocyclic nucleoside analog, is a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus in human T-cells at noncytotoxic concentrations. Previous pharmacokinetic studies of (-)CBV in the rat showed nonlinearity in both the renal and nonrenal clearances and an oral bioavailability of 20%. T
Coronado VG; Beck-Sague CM; Hutton MD; Davis BJ; Nicholas P; Villareal C; Woodley CL; Kilburn JO; Crawford JT; Frieden TR; et al; Hospital Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.
From January 1990 to December 1991, 16 patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid, rifampin, and streptomycin were diagnosed at Elmhurst Hospital. Compared with other TB patients, MDR-TB patients were more likely to have human immunodeficiency vi
Cardellina JH 2d; Munro MH; Fuller RW; Manfredi KP; McKee TC; Tischler M; Bokesch HR; Gustafson KR; Beutler JA; Boyd MR; Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National; Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702-1201.
A relatively high percentage (ca. 15%) of aqueous extracts from terrestrial plants, cyanobacteria, and marine invertebrates and algae has exhibited activity in the National Cancer Institute s primary AIDS-antiviral screen. By removal of anionic polysaccharides in a first stage of dereplication, we have eliminated from
Riquet M; Chouaid C; Saab M; Hubsch JP; Guillon JM; Klotz BL; Carnot F; Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hopital Laennec, Paris.
The authors report 4 cases of intrathoracic extrapulmonary pneumocystosis; 3 of them involved the pleura and 1 the mediastinal lymph nodes. As in other rare but apparently increasingly frequent cases, everything seemed to incriminate the use of prophylactic Pentamidine aerosols, but only a prospective study of systemi
We describe a simple, quantitative assay for any amplifiable DNA sequence that uses a video camera to monitor multiple polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) simultaneously over the course of thermocycling. The video camera detects the accumulation of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in each PCR using the increase in the fluore
Mahmoudian M; Baines BS; Drake CS; Hale RS; Jones P; Piercey JE; Montgomery DS; Purvis IJ; Storer R; Dawson MJ; et al; Department of Natural Products Discovery, Glaxo Group Research; Ltd, Greenford, Middlesex, England.
Although equipotent in terms of antiviral activity, the two enantiomers of 2 -deoxy-3 -thiacytidine (BCH 189) differ markedly in their cytotoxicity. (2 R-cis)-2 -deoxy-3 -thiacytidine ( 3TC ) is substantially less toxic than its optical antipode, and is
Qian X; Jeon C; Yoon H; Agarwal K; Weiss MA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Transcriptional elongation involves dynamic interactions among RNA polymerase and single-stranded and double-stranded nucleic acids in the ternary complex. In prokaryotes its regulation provides an important mechanism of genetic control. Analogous eukaryotic mechanisms are not well understood, but may control expressi
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the ability of different HIV-1 and HIV-2 isolates to activate the complement system. DESIGN: H9 cells chronically infected with various HIV isolates and the corresponding purified viruses were tested for complement activation. To identify the molecules responsible for complement activation on the
Schutten M; McKnight A; Huisman RC; Thali M; McKeating JA; Sodroski J; Goudsmit J; Osterhaus AD; Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health; and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to characterize antigenic sites on HIV-1 gp120 which may be important for the development of active and passive immunization strategies against HIV-1 infection. DESIGN: Two HIV-1-seropositive individuals were selected from the Amsterdam cohort and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transforme
Fesik SW; Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott; Park, Il 60064.
NMR is a useful tool for rapidly determining the conformations of receptor-bound ligands and identifying those portions of the ligand in contact with the receptor. In addition, the complete 3D structures of receptors and ligand/receptor complexes can be obtained using recently developed heteronuclear multi-dimensional
Pechere JC; Departement de Genetique et Microbiologie, Centre Medical; Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland.
Intracellular parasites are those which spend most of their lives within host cells. The fluoroquinolones demonstrate favourable intracellular pharmacokinetics for the treatment of intracellular infections; these agents diffuse and accumulate in the phagocytes, mainly in the cytosol, and do not associate with cellular
Lok AS; Chien D; Choo QL; Chan TM; Chiu EK; Cheng IK; Houghton M; Kuo G; Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong.
Some immunosuppressed patients with hepatitis C virus infection do not have detectable levels of antibody to hepatitis C virus on second-generation enzyme immunoassay. Antibodies to the envelope and nonstructural region 5 proteins have not been examined. Four groups of patients with hepatitis C virus infection were st
Yakubov L; Khaled Z; Zhang LM; Truneh A; Vlassov V; Stein CA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
Phosphodiester oligodeoxynucleotides bearing the 5 -alkylating moiety 4-(N-2-chloroethyl-N-methyl)aminobenzylamine specifically modify recombinant soluble CD4 (rsCD4) in solution. This reaction is saturable with respect to the alkylating oligonucleotide reagent. The existence of at least two binding sites, with differ
Gibson KM; Mori J; Clewley JP; Virus Reference Division, Central Public Health Laboratory,; London, UK.
We have used a simple method for detecting HIV-1 in the serum of infected individuals using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This is useful if only serum, or other specimens which would not be expected to harbour proviral DNA, is available for diagnostic testing. Viral RNA present in serum is bound to silica parti
Mitchison NA; Robert Koch Institute, Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum Berlin.
T-cell epitopes are now well understood as amino-acid nonamers binding to major histocompatibility complex molecules. Powerful methods have been developed for their identification through screening of recombinant and synthetic peptides. Multiple epitopes from a single protein are valuable for detecting T-cell reactivi
Sorensen AM; Nielsen C; Mathiesen LR; Nielsen JO; Hansen JE; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, University; of Copenhagen, Denmark.
3 -azido-3 deoxythymidine ( AZT ), a clinically used anti-HIV compound, was evaluated for antiviral effect on HIV infection in combination with other antiviral compounds in vitro. Interactions were evaluated by the median-effect principle and the isobol
Louie SG; Jung B; Pharmacy Department, University of Southern California-Kenneth; Norris Jr. Cancer Hospital, Los Angeles 90033.
The clinical use of the biologic response modifiers filgrastim, sargramostim, and regramostim is reviewed. All circulating blood cells are derived from totipotent hematopoietic stem cells. Various biologic response modifiers, including lymphokines and colony-stimulating factors, regulate and activate the lymphoid and
Glaspy JA; Jakway J; Bowyer Oncology Center, School of Medicine, University of; California, Los Angeles 90024-6956.
Costs of biologic response modifiers, specifically myeloid growth factors, are discussed relative to cost offsets they may produce in the total amount spent on health care in patients with certain disease states. Even though the biologic response modifiers granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (filgrastim) and granulo
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Jun 23;685:501-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93370895
Lotz M; Seth P; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0663.
TGF beta is a cytokine which is involved with the regulation of different aspects of host defense responses to injury. Overexpression of TGF beta can lead to the conversion of its protective functions to pathogenetic manifestations. TGF beta is a potent factor in promoting anabolic aspects in connective tissue metabol
Ann Neurol. 1993 Sep;34(3):339-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93371006
Power C; Kong PA; Crawford TO; Wesselingh S; Glass JD; McArthur JC; Trapp BD; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-6965.
The cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia , which is a frequent late manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, is unknown but radiological and pathological studies have implicated alterations in subcortical white matter. To investigate the
Specific mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pol gene that cause zidovudine (3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine; AZT ) and didanosine (2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine; ddI) resistance were studied. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) o
van Baalen CA; Klein MR; Geretti AM; Keet RI; Miedema F; van Els CA; Osterhaus AD; Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health; and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To identify HIV-1 Gag cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes and HLA restriction of their recognition, and to define precursor frequencies of HIV-1 Gag-specific CTL in the blood of seropositive individuals. METHODS: B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (B-LCL) infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV) containi
Venet A; Walker BD; Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Oncologie des Maladies; Retrovirales, Unite INSERM U152, Institut Cochin de Genetique; Moleculaire, Paris, France.
von Gunten CF; Roth EL; Von Roenn JH; Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611.
The authors report three cases of Raynaud phenomenon that developed during doxorubicin, bleomycin, and vincristine (ABV) therapy for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related Kaposi sarcoma. Although Raynaud phenomenon is well documented as a side effect of bleomycin, vinblastine, and cisplatin chemotherapy f
Lin RY; Astiz ME; Saxon JC; Rackow EC; Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center; of New York, New York Medical College.
To evaluate the role of cellular activation markers and functional surface molecules in sepsis, specific immunophenotypes on peripheral blood leukocytes were studied in 40 subjects consisting of the following: (1) patients with septic shock; (2) patients with sepsis; (3) critically ill nonseptic patients; and (4) norm
FEBS Lett. 1993 Sep 13;330(2):117-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93374046
Kumagai K; Tokunaga K; Tsutsumi M; Ikuta K; Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo,; Japan.
We recently showed that S1, a sequence-scrambled form of CD4 CDR3-related synthetic peptide, has more potent inhibitory activities on HIV-1 replication and HIV-1-induced syncytium formation than the original form. In this study, a series of derivatives of S1 were synthesized and their anti-HIV-1 activities were evalua
FEBS Lett. 1993 Sep 13;330(2):161-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93374055
Hatta T; Kim SG; Nakashima H; Yamamoto N; Sakamoto K; Yokoyama S; Takaku H; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Chiba Institute of; Technology, Japan.
We demonstrated that unmodified and modified (phosphorothioate) oligonucleotides prevent cDNA synthesis by AMV or HIV reverse transcriptases. Antisense oligonucleotide/RNA hybrids specifically arrest primer extension. The blockage involves the degradation of the RNA fragment bound to the antisense oligonucleotide by t
Arai N; Shirai T; First Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of; Medicine.
In order to elucidate focal immunity of the lung before and after treatment of malignant lymphoma, evaluation was made of peripheral blood (PB) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) before and after COP-BLAM therapy. Ten patients with untreated B cell lymphoma without any abnormal shadow in the lung fields were stud
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Sep 1;90(17):7941-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93376718
Barillari G; Gendelman R; Gallo RC; Ensoli B; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Spindle-shaped cells of vascular origin are the probable tumor cells of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). These cells, derived from patients with KS and AIDS, proliferate in response to extracellular Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Normal vascular cells, believed to be the progenitors of AIDS-KS cells, acquire
Vital Health Stat 13. 1993 Jul;(114):1-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93377340
Graves EJ
This report presents statistics on the utilization of non-Federal short-stay hospitals based on data collected through the National Hospital Discharge Survey from a national sample of the hospital records of discharged inpatients. Estimates are provided by the demographic characteristics of patients discharged, geogra
Wyss-Coray T; Mauri-Hellweg D; Baumann K; Bettens F; Grunow R; Pichler WJ; Institute of Clinical Immunology, Inselspital, Switzerland.
The B cell antigen B7 delivers a strong co-stimulatory signal for the activation of T cells by binding to its ligands CD28 and CTLA4. Here we demonstrate the surface expression of the B7 molecule on activated human T cells in vitro and under certain conditions in vivo and its functional importance in T-T cell interact
Yamaguchi K; Inaoka T; Ohtsuka R; Akimichi T; Hongo T; Kawabe T; Nakazawa M; Futatsuka M; Takatsuki K; Blood Transfusion Service, Kumamoto University School of; Medicine.
Seven hundred and twenty-three serum samples from individuals in 13 Gidra-speaking villages in Western Province, Papua New Guinea were tested for evidence of infection with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), human immunodef
Athauda SB; Ido E; Arakawa H; Nishigai M; Kyushiki H; Yoshinaka Y; Takahashi T; Ikai A; Tang J; Takahashi K; Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science,; University of Tokyo.
The inhibitory effect of alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M), a major plasma proteinase inhibitor, on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proteinase was investigated. The activity of HIV proteinase toward the Moloney murine sarcoma virus-derived gag protein (a high-molecular-mass substrate) was found to be inhibited by al
Elvin K; Linder E; Karolinska Institut, Stockholm, Sweden.
Commercially available monoclonal antibodies to Pneumocystis carinii were compared with respect to immunofluorescence staining patterns of human immunodeficiency virus-inactivated smears. Only the indirect staining kits were suitable for application to ethanol-inactivated samples. When antibodies from Dakopatts and No
Tomonaga K; Miyazawa T; Sakuragi J; Mori T; Adachi A; Mikami T; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture,; University of Tokyo, Japan.
Frameshift mutants corresponding to all of the identified open reading frames of feline immunodeficiency virus, including the ORF-A gene, which has an unknown function, were constructed in vitro. Upon transfection into cells, no significant difference between the phenotypes of ORF-A mutant clones and those of wild-typ
Harrington RD; Geballe AP; Department of Molecular Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, Seattle, Washington 98104-2092.
Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) receptor CD4 on many nonhuman and some human cell lines is not sufficient to permit HIV-1 infection. We describe a human glioblastoma cell line (U373-MG) which remains resistant to HIV-1 despite the added expression of an authentic CD4 molecule. The block t
Inoculation of the replication-defective retrovirus DEF27 (BM5d), packaged as an amphotropic virus pseudotype, into C57BL/6J mice leads to development of murine AIDS. Disease development showed a long incubation period (20 to 24 weeks), was associated with amplification of the BM5d provirus in splenocytes and lymph no
Moore JP; Sattentau QJ; Yoshiyama H; Thali M; Charles M; Sullivan N; Poon SW; Fung MS; Traincard F; Pinkus M; et al; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
We have analyzed a panel of eight murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that depend on the V2 domain for binding to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120. Each MAb is sensitive to amino acid changes within V2, and some are affected by substitutions elsewhere. With one exception, the MAbs were not reactive wi
Nakamura GR; Byrn R; Wilkes DM; Fox JA; Hobbs MR; Hastings R; Wessling HC; Norcross MA; Fendly BM; Berman PW; Department of Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco,; California 94080.
The binding properties of seven CD4-blocking monoclonal antibodies raised against recombinant gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strain MN (HIV-1MN) and two CD4-blocking monoclonal antibodies to recombinant envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp160 of substrain IIIB of HIVLAI were analyzed. With a panel of reco
Jeang KT; Chun R; Lin NH; Gatignol A; Glabe CG; Fan H; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Recent genetic experiments have suggested that tat transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat requires functional upstream enhancer sequences--Sp1 sites, in particular. In these experiments, HeLa cell nuclear extracts were passed over affinity matrices containing chemically
Mutat Res. 1993 Sep;319(1):61-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93382463
Seifert AM; Demers C; Dubeau H; Messing K; Centre pour l'Etude des Interactions Biologiques entre la Sante; et l'Environment (CINBIOSE), Universite du Quebec a Montreal,; Canada.
Using the clonal HPRT-mutant frequency assay, mutant frequencies of humans have been shown to rise following exposure to large doses of mutagens during radiotherapy, chemotherapy or after an atom bomb explosion. Success in relating mutant frequencies to exposure to high levels of mutagens has encouraged researchers to
N Engl J Med. 1993 Oct 7;329(15):1065-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93382466
Saag MS; Emini EA; Laskin OL; Douglas J; Lapidus WI; Schleif WA; Whitley RJ; Hildebrand C; Byrnes VW; Kappes JC; et al; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 35294-2050.
BACKGROUND. The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors are novel antiretroviral agents with selective activity in vitro against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). They act through direct inhibition of reverse transcriptase and are not incorporated into DNA. METHODS. We evaluated a pyridinone non-nuc
Kruhoffer M; Urbanke C; Grosse F; Heinrich-Pette-Institut, Hamburg, Germany.
The interactions of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) with a synthetic 53/19-mer DNA substrate was investigated. For this template-primer HIV-1 RT displayed a Km value of 20 nM. The 53/19-mer competitively inhibited DNA synthesis performed on poly (rC).oligo(dG) with Ki value of 260 nM. This corresponded well to
Berberian L; Goodglick L; Kipps TJ; Braun J; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of; California, Los Angeles 90024.
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) depletes T cells expressing CD4 and B cells expressing immunoglobulin (Ig) VH3 gene products. A subpopulation of normal B cells from non-HIV-infected individuals was shown to bind to HIV gp120 by means of membrane Ig; most of these B cells expressed VH3 family
Laurence J; Grimison B; Rodriguez-Alfageme C; Astrin SM; Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New; York, New York 10021.
B-HIV1, an oligoclone of immortalized cells derived from human peripheral B lymphocytes infected in vitro with the TIIIB isolate of HIV-1, produces low levels of replication-competent HIV when propagated in 1% serum, but increases production > or = 5-fold after phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) exposure. Electron micros
Balzarini J; Karlsson A; Perez-Perez MJ; Camarasa MJ; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
Treatment of HIV-1-infected cells with the HIV-1-specific inhibitors hydroxyethoxymethylphenylthiothymine (HEPT), tetrahydroimidazobenzodiazepinones (TIBO), nevirapine , pyridinone, bis(heteroaryl)piperazines (BHAP), and tert-butyldimethylsilylspiroami
Goobar-Larsson L; Backbro K; Unge T; Bhikhabhai R; Vrang L; Zhang H; Orvell C; Strandberg B; Oberg B; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
The conserved aspartic acid residue 488 in the RNase H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) was mutated to alanine. RT was expressed in Escherichia coli alone or with the entire pol-gene polyprotein consisting of proteinase, RT, and integrase and processed by the HIV-1 proteinase in the bacterial cell. Expressio
Year Immunol. 1993;7:63-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93383498
Laman JD; Schellekens MM; Paddenburg D; Tersmette M; Langedijk JP; Boersma WJ; Claassen E; Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, TNO-MBL,; Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Am J Hematol. 1993 Aug;43(4):274-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93383846
Hillyer CD; Lackey DA 3d; Villinger F; Winton EF; McClure HM; Ansari AA; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, Georgia.
Hematologic abnormalities in the peripheral blood and bone marrow are associated with human immunodeficiency and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV, SIV) infection. The reasons for these abnormalities remain unclear. Bone marrow specimens collected from uninfected animals (Group A, Controls) and from rhesus macaques e
Silverman NS; Jenkin BK; Wu C; McGillen P; Knee G; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jefferson Medical; College, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
OBJECTIVES: Our purpose was to define the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus among inner-city prenatal patients. We also sought to examine both the reliability of traditional hepatitis risk factors to predict evidence of infection among these women and the incidence of coinfection in this population with ot
Beard WA; Wilson SH; Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Betheda, Maryland 20892.
The reverse transcriptase (RT) from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exists predominantly as a heterodimer (p66/p51), but can also form a homodimer of p66 subunits (p66/p66). RT binds to template-primer (T/P) tightly to form the first complex in the reaction sequence poised to conduct DNA synthesis upon the addi
Protein Expr Purif. 1993 Aug;4(4):298-303. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93385825
Kawa S; Kumar A; Smith JS; Becerra SP; Beard WA; Wilson SH; Thompson EB; Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics, University; of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0645.
We have successfully expressed and purified the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) using the baculovirus expression vector system. This expression system provides a eukaryotic environment in which post-translational modifications of foreign gene products can occur. After infection with reco
Frenck RW Jr; Shannon KM; Department of Pediatrics, US Naval Hospital, Oakland, CA; 94627-5000.
The human recombinant hematopoietic growth factors have attracted widespread interest because of their potential efficacy in a number of clinical settings. Recombinant human erythropoietin is now an established therapy to treat and prevent the anemia associated with chronic renal failure in children and adults. This a
Cancer. 1993 Oct 1;72(7):2260-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93386661
Yang GC; Brooks JJ; Roberts S; Gupta PK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of; Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia.
BACKGROUND. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) cells have not been reported in pleural effusions. This study identifies the effusional form of AIDS-KS cells with the CD34 antibody, a newly recognized marker for vascular neoplasia. METHODS. In the pleural effusion of a patient with
Drug Metab Dispos. 1993 Jul-Aug;21(4):598-604. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93387123
Balani SK; Goldman ME; Kauffman LR; Varga SL; O'Brien JA; Smith SJ; Olah TV; Ramjit HG; Schorn TW; Pitzenberger SM; et al; Department of Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, West; Point, PA 19486.
Rhesus monkeys were dosed orally with 10 mg/kg 5-chloro-3-phenylthioindole-2-carboxamide (L-734,005), a nonnucleoside human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in polyethylene glycol 300. Plasma samples from these monkeys demonstrated greater bioactivity in an HIV-1 reverse transcrip
Drug Metab Dispos. 1993 Jul-Aug;21(4):738-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93387143
Hao Z; Stowe EE; Ahluwalia G; Baker DC; Hebbler AK; Chisena C; Musser SM; Kelley JA; Perno CF; Johns DG; et al; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Cancer; Institute/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
2 ,3 -Dideoxycytidine (ddCyd) is among the most potent of the anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agents of the dideoxynucleoside class. Its pharmacologically active metabolite 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine 5 -triphosphate (ddCTP) is an effective inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase and thus of HIV replication. ddCyd di
FASEB J. 1993 Sep;7(12):1185-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93387619
Gershoni JM; Denisova G; Raviv D; Smorodinsky NI; Buyaner D; Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise; Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Effective vaccines against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) must cope with the genetic variation of the viral envelope (gp120) to combat or prevent acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Here we describe novel epitopes that are accentuated when gp120 complexes with its receptor (CD4). The presentation of the
Gotch F; McAdam SN; Allsopp CE; Gallimore A; Elvin J; Kieny MP; Hill AV; McMichael AJ; Whittle HC; Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford,; UK.
A preliminary study of gag-specific, MHC-restricted CD8+ CTL has been performed in nine Gambian patients infected with HIV2. Such CTL were present in at least 55% of patients in fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells without the requirement for in vitro restimulation. We have identified a nonamer peptide from HIV2 g
J Immunol. 1993 Oct 1;151(7):3874-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93389215
Koenig S; Woods RM; Brewah YA; Newell AJ; Jones GM; Boone E; Adelsberger JW; Baseler MW; Robinson SM; Jacobson S; Department of Immunology, MedImmune, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD; 20878.
To understand the nature of the cytotoxic T cell response generated in human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, we cloned CTL from the peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid from patients with neurologic diseases and demonstrated the
Martin LN; Murphey-Corb M; Soike KF; Davison-Fairburn B; Baskin GB; Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University,; Covington, Louisiana.
The effects of initiating treatment with 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (zidovudine) at different times after inoculation of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) were investigated in rhesus monkeys. Zidovudine treatments of 100 mg/kg/day (25 mg/kg, subcutaneously every 6 h) were initiated 1, 8, 24, or 72 h after intravenou
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Sep 15;90(18):8638-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93391410
Lehner T; Brookes R; Panagiotidi C; Tao L; Klavinskis LS; Walker J; Walker P; Ward R; Hussain L; Gearing JH; et al; Division of Immunology, United Medical School, Guy's Hospital,; London, United Kingdom.
Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in North America and Europe occurs most commonly through the rectal mucosa during homosexual intercourse. The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) macaque model has been used to investigate rectal immunization. The vaccine used was a recombinant SIV gag p27 expressed a
We have studied the prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies among 526 persons who attended an HIV diagnostic and counselling clinic and a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases in Oslo, Norway , during a 4-month period in early 1990. Possible risk factors for contracting hepati
Scheglovitova O; Capobianchi MR; Antonelli G; Guanmu D; Dianzani F; Institute of Virology, University La Sapiena, Rome, Italy.
Human primary endothelial cell cultures, derived from umbilical vein (HUVEC), can be infected by different strains of HIV-1, but mature virus production remains undetectable both in supernatants and in cellular extracts. Yet viral DNA is transiently detectable during the first days of infection, but progressively decl
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