Excitotoxicity and dopaminergic dysfunction in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex. Therapeutic implications. NLM AIDSLINE Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1993. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

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Excitotoxicity and dopaminergic dysfunction in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex. Therapeutic implications.

Arch Neurol. 1991 Dec;48(12):1281-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93263834
Kieburtz KD; Epstein LG; Gelbard HA; Greenamyre JT; Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center,; NY 14642.

Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus infection is frequently complicated by a syndrome of central nervous system dysfunction known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex (ADC). The ADC is characterized by abnormalities in cognition, motor performance, and behavior, and it produces serious morbidity in a significant number of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The pathogenesis of ADC is unclear, but appears to be caused by the human immunodeficiency virus itself, rather than by a secondary opportunistic process. Herein, we review the data regarding the pathogenesis of ADC and hypothesize a mechanism involving excitotoxicity and dopaminergic dysfunction. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists may be of therapeutic benefit, as these agents may both limit glutamate-mediated neuronal dysfunction and improve dopaminergic neuronal function.
Keywords: Adult AIDS Dementia Complex/DRUG THERAPY/ETIOLOGY/*METABOLISM/PATHOLOGY Brain/METABOLISM Case Report Clinical Trials, Phase I Dopamine/*METABOLISM Human Levodopa/THERAPEUTIC USE Male Neurons/METABOLISM Parkinson Disease/DRUG THERAPY Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/ANTAGONISTS & INHIB/*METABOLISM Zidovudine/THERAPEUTIC USE JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, ACADEMICKWDadultaidsdementiacomplex/drugtherapy/etiology/KWDmetabolism/pathologybrain/metabolismcasereportclinicaltrials,phaseidopamine/KWDmetabolismhumanlevodopa/therapeuticusemaleneurons/metabolismparkinsondisease/drugtherapyreceptors,n-methyl-d-aspartate/antagonists&inhib/KWDmetabolismzidovudine/therapeuticusejournalarticlereviewreview,academic
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M9380820

Copyright © 1993 - National Library of Medicine. Reproduced under license with the National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.

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