Delivery [Rockville, Md.] : U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Public Health Service, Health Resources and Services Administration, [1988] x, 77 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9310016
Director (AIDS) among Racial and Ethnic Minorities in the United States Atlanta, GA : Centers for Disease Control, [1988?] 1 v. (various pagings) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9311072
Canberra : Published for the Dept. of Community Services and Health by the Australian Govt. Pub. Service, c1990- v Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9310575
Sydney : National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, c1991 ii, 99 p. : ill (Monograph ; no. 13) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9310623
Geneva : World Health Organization in collaboration with the Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, 1991 viii, 78 p., [4] p. of plates : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9311004
Rockville, Md. (5600 Fishers Ln., Rockville 20857) : U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Division of Applied Research, Community Research Branch, [1992] 1 v. (various pagings) (Clinical report series) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9310334
Pacific Kong, and Macao Manila, Philippines : Printed and distributed by the Regional Office for the Western Pacific of the World Health Organization, [1992] 36 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9310357
Washington, D.C., USA : Pan American Health Organization, Pan American Sanitary Bureau, Regional Office of the World Health Organization, 1992 xv, 314 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9310831
Lymphoma: the next questions. April 2-4, 1992, Orlando, FL, 1992.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93690615
Pugh WC; Dept. of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
Several studies have sought to attribute clinical relevance to the distinction between Burkitt s and non-Burkitt s, or Burkitt s-like, forms of small noncleaved-cell lymphoma. Histologic criteria used in differentiating the two include (1) variation in nuclear size and shape, (2) prominence of nucleoli, and (3) pleomo
Lymphoma: the next questions. April 2-4, 1992, Orlando, FL, 1992.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93690616
Straus DJ; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
The association of intermediate- and high-grade non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) with AIDS in the male homosexual population was established in 1984. Although the majority of patients (pts) with HIV infection and intermediate- or high-grade NHL in the Unite
Lymphoma: the next questions. April 2-4, 1992, Orlando, FL, 1992.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93690620
Weiss LM; Div. of Pathology, City of Hope Natl. Medical Center, Duarte, CA
A relationship between EBV and Hodgkin s disease (HD) had been long hypothesized. Patients (pts) with a history of EBV-associated infectious mononucleosis had an increased risk of HD over control populations. In 1987, we reported the presence of EBV genomes in approx 20% of cases of HD, using slot-blot and Southern bl
Lymphoma: the next questions. April 2-4, 1992, Orlando, FL, 1992.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93690627
Shimoyama M; Natl. Cancer Center Hosp., Tokyo, Japan
Most ATL are closely associated with HTLV-I, but about 7% were HTLV-I-negative. The diagnostic criteria of HTLV-I+ ATL can be defined as (1) histologically and/or cytologically proven T-cell malignancy (mostly CD4+) and (2) positive antibody to HTLV-I at diagnosis. A multivariate analysis of 854 ATL patients (pts) rev
Society for Biological Therapy 1992 Annual Meeting: Biological and Immunological Treatments for Cancer. October 29-November 1, 1992, Williamsburg, VA, p. 31, 1992.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93690685
Longenecker BM; Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
We have developed a novel approach for ASI of carcinomas using synthetic carbohydrate, peptide and glycopeptide epitopes in immunotherapeutic vaccine formulations. Two Phase I clinical trials have been completed using a synthetic Thomsen-Friedenreich hapten conjugated to KLH (TF-KLH) + DETOX adjuvant in 12 ovarian can
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A322 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93691308
Sahraoui Y; Thedoropoulo M; Ammar A; Clemenceau C; Jasmin C; Georgoulias V; INSERM U268, Hopital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
Leukemic cells from a 45-yr-old male patient with an acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T-cell origin were cultured in vitro in the absence of any added growth factor for up to 2 yr and a continuous cell line (NOI-90) was established. Phenotypic and karyotypic analysis of NOI-90 cells revealed only small differences from
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A1119 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93692090
Krishan A; Byrnes J; Samy TS; Wellham L; Sauerteig A; Harrington WJ Jr; Hussein A; Byrne G; Maharaj D; Goodman M; Univ. of Miami Medical Sch., Miami, FL 33101
Several recent studies suggest that transfection of oncogenes (Science 253:449, 1992; Br J Cancer 63:237, 1991) can modulate cellular drug resistance and enhance P-glycoprotein expression (Biochem Biophys Res Comm 171:1002, 1990). The present study was undertaken to see if cells from the lymph nodes and peripheral blo
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal proliferative disorder of endothelial cells. To investigate why KS is multifocal, equal numbers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 48 HIV-1+ patients (pts) with and without KS and 27 HIV-1- normal controls were cultured in the presence of activated lymphocyte-conditioned m
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A1256 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93692226
Wachtel M; Parsa NZ; Offit K; Filippa D; Chaganti RS; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
Over a 7-yr period, 71 biopsies revealing lymphoid hyperplasia (or atypical hyperplasia) were subjected to karyotypic analysis. An additional 8 cases with miscellaneous nondiagnostic histologies were also included. In 32 cases, there was history of immune compromise; 27 were HIV positive and 5 had autoimmune disorders
All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) is an effective agent for inducing complete remissions in patients (pts) with acute promyelocytic leukemia, but as a single agent, it does not appear able to maintain pts in remission. In pharmacokinetic (PK) studies of a chronic daily dosing schedule, systemic exposure to ATRA, as measu
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A1546 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93692489
Cote T; Schiffman M; Biggar R; Goedert J; Blattner W; et al; NACMR Study Group, 6130 Executive Blvd., EPN/434, Rockville, MD; 20852
We sought to determine if women with AIDS have rates of invasive cervical cancer higher than women in the general population and to determine if this risk increases as immunodeficiency progresses. We linked AIDS and cancer registries in 7 state and local health departments, computed age-, sex- and race-adjusted number
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A2140 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93693094
Floyd RA; Schneider JE Jr; Zhu YQ; North TW; Schinazi RF; Oklahoma Medical Res. Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104
Methylene blue (MB) plus light effectively inactivates the RNA viruses R17 and Q beta. We report here that MB plus light effectively inhibits HIV and the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) replication in vitro. MB plus light inhibits HIV replication in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exhibiting an EC50 value
Preactivation of photoactive compounds results in the formation of heretofore unknown products. These products were found to be effective against tumor cells and viruses including HIV-1 (Gulliya et al). Recently, three heterocyclic products, meroxazol, merocil, and merodantoin, were isolated and characterized. Only me
An important aspect in the preclinical development of an anticancer or anti-HIV drug is the evaluation of its potential myelotoxicity. Two investigational drugs were assessed for their toxicity to murine and human bone marrow (BM) using in vitro CFU-GM assays. These included bizelesin (U77,779; NSC-615291), and NSC-63
One aspect in the preclinical development of an anticancer or anti-HIV drug is evaluation of its potential myelotoxicity. Semisynthetic 9-amino-20(S)-camptothecin (NSC-603071), synthetic 9-amino-20(S)-camptothecin (NSC-603071), 9-amino-20(R,S)-camptothecin (NSC-629971), topotecan (a water-soluble camptothecin analog;
A model was developed to investigate whether highly metastatic cells and nonmetastatic cells differentially express specific transcriptional factors. Highly metastatic and nonmetastatic cell variants were isolated by in vitro cloning of a human RMS cell line RD. The HIV-LTR, containing a number of defined binding regi
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 34:A3016 1993. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93693961
Guo W; Antakly T; Cadotte M; Masood R; Kunkel L; Jung B; Brynes R; Gill P; Dept. of Pathology, Univ. of Montreal, H3C 3J7, Canada
Development and progression of Kaposi s sarcoma after institution of glucocorticoid therapy has been reported in patients (pts) with HIV infection and in renal transplant recipients. We examined the localization and level of GR in normals and in 25 pts with HIV using sensitive immunocytochemistry and RIA procedures
Lymphoma: the next questions. April 2-4, 1992, Orlando, FL, 1992.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/93690617
Hagemeister FB; Dept. of Hematology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
Although SNCCL is one of the more common lymphoma subtypes in children, in both Africa and the United States , it is rare in adults. Although it responds dramatically to chemotherapy in both children and adults, it is considered a high-grade lymphoma in the International Working Formula
Ruscetti F; Farrar WL; Hill JM; Pert CB; Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, NCI-Frederick Cancer; Research Facility, MD 21701-1240.
The differentiation antigen T4 is present on the helper/inducer subset of T cells. In the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), this lymphocyte subset is selectively depleted by HTLV-III/LAV virus which apparently uses the T4 antigen as a viral receptor. The autoradiographic visualization of the T4 antigen on se
Nakauchi CM; Linhares AC; Gomes ML; Maruyama K; Kanzaki LI; Azevedo VN; Secao de Virus do Instituto Evandro Chagas, Fundacao; Nacional de Saude, Belem, Para, Brazil.
Serum sample obtained from a male, 12 year old patient suffering from Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) was positive for human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) antibody by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the Western Blot analysis (WB). Attempts to isolate enteroviruses (including poliovirus) from faecal mat
Calvo B; Fischman O; Castelo Filho A; Reis Filho J; Del Bianco R; Barbosa RM; Zaror L; Disc. Biologia Celular y Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias; de Escola Paulista de Medicina, Sao Paulo, Brasil.
Capsular polysaccharide antigen (AgPC) of Cryptococcus neoformans was detected by latex agglutination technique (LA) in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with AIDS during their first central nervous system manifestation of the disease. Direct mycological examination and culture were used as controls. Sensitivi
Kieburtz KD; Epstein LG; Gelbard HA; Greenamyre JT; Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center,; NY 14642.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection is frequently complicated by a syndrome of central nervous system dysfunction known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex (ADC). The ADC is characterized by abnormalities in cognition, motor performance, and behavior, and
Jeang KT; Chang Y; Berkhout B; Hammarskjold ML; Rekosh D; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health.
Ciesielski CA; Bell DM; Marianos DW; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
The five patients of the Florida dentist remain the only cases in which HIV transmission from an infected health-care worker to patients during invasive procedures had been reported by 1991. In this instance, neither the precise mode of HIV transmission to these patients nor the reasons for transmission to multiple pa
As our understanding of Aids and HIV increases, infection control policy is constantly being updated. Nurses in ICUs are required to implement new recommendations, but these must apply to all patients, not just those who are HIV positive.
Turchi MD; Pannuti CS; Sumita LM; Vilas Boas LS; Weinberg A; Stavale JN; Borges AF; Collarine DC; dos Santos HV; Kitadai SS; Departamento de Doencas Infecto-parasitarias, Escola Paulista; de Medicina (EPM), Bolsista da FAPESP, Brasil.
Between April 1986 and June 1987, 50 patients meeting the CDC criteria for AIDS were studied for serological and virological evidence of CMV infection. Attempts for virus isolation from peripheral blood, urine and saliva were performed in cell culture lines of h
Hall CD; Snyder CR; Messenheimer JA; Wilkins JW; Robertson WT; Whaley RA; Robertson KR; AIDS Neurologic Center, University of North Carolina School of; Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7025.
A cohort of 94 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus was evaluated clinically and electrophysiologically for the presence of peripheral neuropathy , and the results were compared with evaluations of central nervous system function. Thirty-two (34%) had so
Clements JE; Department of Comparative Medicine and Molecular Biology and; Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
Qual Life Res. 1992 Apr;1(2):91-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244726
Hays RD; Shapiro MF; RAND, Social Policy Department, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138.
This paper provides a selective review of instruments currently being employed to evaluate generic health-related quality of life in studies of persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Instruments examined include the Quality of Well-Being Scale, the HIV Overview of Problems/Evaluation System, the COOP Charts,
We report a new suppressor function of CD8+ CD57+ lymphocytes from HIV-seropositive patients recipients, on the cytolytic activity of allospecific CTL, NK and LAK cells. This inhibitory effect is mediated by a non-antigen specific soluble factor distinct from PGE2, TGF beta and TNF alpha and beta. Biochemical characte
Rouveix B; Departement de Pharmacologie Clinique, INSERM U.13, Paris.
There is an increasingly body of evidence, obtained both in vitro and in vivo, showing that exogenous opioids have a variety of effects on cells of the immune system. The consequence is that opiates at pharmacological concentrations suppress cell-mediated immunity, as reflected by depressed T-dependent antibody produc
The first AIDS patient was a homosexual male who contacted HIV infection in 1982 in Tanzania . In December 1985 the first sign of Kaposi s sarcoma was noted in this patient. HIV infection was diagnosed in him only in February 1987. He was treated with
Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih. 1992 Nov;12(11):652-5, 643. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93250366
Xue CR; Zhu LW; Wu XZ; Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical College.
52 Patients with Blood Stasis Syndrome (BSS) in abdominal surgical diseases were divided into 3 types according to their symptoms, signs and natures of diseases. Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets of these BSS patients and 12 healthy persons were studied with Flow Cytometry and monoclonal antibodies. The immunoglob
Perez-Bianco R; Anselmo A; Soria A; Ruibal-Ares B; Bouzas MB; Muchinik G; Aixala M; de Bracco MM; de Tezanos Pinto M; Instituto de Investigaciones Hematologicas, Academia Nacional de; Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
We present studies on the evolution of HIV-1 infection in 638 hemophilic patients receiving commercial antihemophilic concentrates (CAH) at the Institute of Hematological Research and the Argentine Foundation of Hemophilia between 1983 and 1990. Positive serology for HIV-1 was detected in 30% of the patients studied.
Gac Med Mex. 1992 May-Jun;128(3):317-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93259442
Izazola Licea JA; Sanchez Perez HJ; del Rio Chiriboga C
Due to the presence of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), it has been frequently stated, by several segments of the society, that mandatory human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing as premarital requirement is useful for AIDS prevention. The usefulness of these tests among general population are discuss
Med Law. 1992;11(7-8):495-500. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93261210
Grobbelaar BG; Border Blood Transfusion Service, South Africa.
The escalating incidence of AIDS in the African population will result in the occurrence of substantial numbers of transfusion-transmitted cases of AIDS. This can theoretically be controlled by using only blood from low-risk groups for the transfusion of cellular products, and using blood derived from the high-risk se
Galli A; Giannobi P; Parmigiani F; Ricci P; Romagnoli M; Taccarelli C; Buratti C; Divisione di Otorinolarigoiatria e Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale,; Ospedale, San Gerardo Monza.
The appearance of parotid lesions of cystic aspect with a HIV s infections has been described in the past by foreign Authors above all coming from USA and from Africa. Similar cases has been recorded in France but only among children. The Authors report a casuistry constituted by f
Chapple IL; Rout PG; Basu MK; Department of Restorative Dentistry, The Dental School,; Birmingham, UK.
This article presents a case of gingival Kaposi s sarcoma that initially mimicked an acute periodontal infection, but was the first clinical sign of HIV infection in a 38-year-old male homosexual patient. The clinical features and treatment of oral Kaposi s sarcoma are discussed and the variable histopathology of the
Gastaut JL; Nicoli F; Somma-Mauvais H; Bartolomei F; Dalecky A; Bruzzo M; Dhiver C; Gastaut JA; Service de Neurologie, Hopital Ste-Marguerite, Marseille.
The authors report two cases of hemichorea-hemiballism revealing a toxoplasmic abscess in the subthalamic nucleus during AIDS. Despite the great frequency of this opportunistic infection such cases are exceptional. This rarity seems to be explained by the frequent association of other lesions of the basal ganglia whic
Grimber G; Galand C; Garbarz M; Mattei MG; Cavard C; Zider A; Blanchet P; Boivin P; Briand P; Dhermy D; Laboratoire de Genetique et Pathologie Experimentales INSERM; CJF 90-03, Paris, France.
In the process of generating transgenic mice, inserted foreign DNA can cause insertional inactivation of the flanking genetic locus and simultaneously provide a molecular tag for localizing and cloning the inactivated gene. We describe the case of an insertional mutation leading, in animals homozygous for the insertio
Negroni R; Taborda A; Robies AM; Archevala A; Mycology Unit, Muniz Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Twenty-seven patients suffering AIDS and disseminated histoplasmosis were included in this study, comprising twenty-three males and four females, from 18 to 46 years of age (mean = 32.9). The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever, weight loss, anaemia, skin lesions, pulmonary micronodules, hepatosplenomegal
Dragone L; Pallant A; Insel R; Frelinger JG; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Rochester Medical Center, N.Y. 14642.
The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked disease characterized by eczema, thrombocytopenia, and profound immunodeficiency in affected males. While the etiology of the syndrome is currently unknown, abnormalities of CD43 have been described as a biochemical marker of the disease. Several investigators have dem
Lopez MC; Colombo LL; Huang DS; Watson RR; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arizona Health; Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) infection induces an immunodeficient state in susceptible strains of mice. It has been previously characterized at the level of spleen and peripheral lymph nodes. We recently demonstrated that LP-BM5 MuLV-infected mice lost intestinal host resistance to common opportunistic pathogen
See JA; Wong D; Department of Dermatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick,; NSW.
The AIDS epidemic has become a world-wide health problem since the disease was identified ten years ago. An HIV-dermatology outpatient clinic was established at the Albion Street Centre in Sydney to manage patients with cutaneous manifestations of AIDS. This study reviews the spectrum of skin disorders seen, and attem
Qual Life Res. 1992 Feb;1(1):47-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244715
Butters E; Higginson I; George R; Smits A; McCarthy M; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College; London, UK.
We report the work of two community teams who care for people with AIDS/HIV related illness, the characteristics of patients referred, and the impact of the teams on four aspects of quality of life. Data was collected on 140 patients (85 St. Mary s Home Support Team, 55 Bloomsbury Community Care Team) who were referre
Collins FM; Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY.
Tuberculosis is an ancient human scourge that continues to be an important public health problem worldwide. The increasing number of multidrug-resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosis isolates from both AIDS and non-AIDS patients is an ominous trend that threatens tuberculosis eradication programs both in the U.S. and overseas
Drug Saf. 1993 Apr;8(4):312-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244051
Rachlis A; Fanning MM; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Zidovudine is a dideoxynucleoside analogue of thymidine. It acts by interfering with viral reverse transcriptase, thereby inhibiting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication. Zidovudine has been shown in clinical trials to prolong survival of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and advanced
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Spring;5(1):1-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244134
Fox LJ; Bailey PE; Clarke-Martinez KL; Coello M; Ordonez FN; Barahona F; Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, North; Carolina 27709.
In 1988, the Honduran Ministry of Health initiated an intervention study designed to increase AIDS awareness and promote preventive behavior, especially condom use, among registered commercial sex workers (CSWs). The program consisted of weekly talks and free condom distribution to all CSWs who attended the sexually t
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Spring;5(1):11-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244135
Paul JP; Stall R; Davis F; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California, San Francisco.
A sample of San Francisco gay/bisexual men in substance-abuse treatment (N = 314) was compared to the San Francisco Men s Health Study (SFMHS) cohort to compare levels of sexual behaviors that are high-risk for HIV transmission. Quantitative data were supplemented by analysis of transcripts of focus group discussions
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Spring;5(1):25-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244136
Takigiku SK; Brubaker TH; Hennon CB; Family and Child Studies Center, Miami University, Oxford, OH; 45056.
This paper examines the impact of AIDS on the parent/adult child relationship among parent caregivers of gay sons with AIDS. Drawing on literature on family caregiving of older people and research on parents of gay sons with AIDS, the theoretical concepts of family ethos of affection/obligation, attitudes toward homos
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Spring;5(1):43-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244137
Mickler SE; Department of Psychology, Seton Hall University, South Orange,; NJ.
Perceptions of their own and others risk of contracting AIDS, AIDS knowledge, and extent of AIDS-preventive behavior (APB) were assessed in sexually active heterosexual college students (N = 80) to investigate why many college students fail to enact APB. Personal risk of contracting AIDS was estimated to be significa
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Spring;5(1):54-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244138
Castro FG; Schubert KR; Figueroa-Gonzalez M; Ugarte CA; Barrington EH; Department of Psychology, Hispanic Research Center, Arizona State; University, Tempe 85287-2702.
To ascertain the specific AIDS training needs of staff from community-based organizations in the Southwest, a survey of knowledge and attitudes was conducted by the National Coalition of Hispanic Health and Human Services Organizations (COSSMHO) in the 5 Southwestern cities of Albuquerque, El Paso, Phoenix, San Diego,
AIDS Educ Prev. 1993 Spring;5(1):71-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244139
Piercy FP; Trepper T; Jurich J; Department of Child Development and Family Studies, Purdue; University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
Adolescence is a critical time for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and both the prevention and treatment of high-risk-for-HIV behaviors such as drug abuse and unprotected sex. Family therapy appears to be a promising, yet neglected, source of influence in the prevention of HIV. In this p
Murakami T; Matsushita S; Maeda Y; Takatsuki K; Uchiyama T; Hattori T; Laboratory for AIDS Immunology, Kyoto University, Japan.
A principal neutralizing determinant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) lies within the V3 loop of gp120, the external major envelope glycoprotein. V3 loop peptides derived from two HIV-1 strains, HTLV-III BH-10 (V3-BH10) and LAVELI (V3-ELI), were synthesized and biotinylated. The binding of both biotinyla
Saballs P; Aregall S; Pallares E; Tremoleda J; Gimeno JL; Drobnic L; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital del Mar, Facultad; de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma, Barcelona.
BACKGROUND: Relation between patients with immunosuppression (malignancy, renal transplant) and bacteremia by Salmonella non-typhi, specially by Salmonella typhimurium, is known. This relation has been published for patients who suffer from AIDS, and so Salmonella bacteremia could even begin the clinical disease. But
van Servellen G; Padilla G; Brecht ML; Knoll L; UCLA School of Nursing.
Depression and hopelessness are major problems in persons with AIDS (PWAs). This study provides a paradigm for viewing these mental health states as outcomes that are dependent on stressors, physical health states, and stress-resistance resources. The sample consisted of 30 male, English-speaking PWAs with stage IV AI
Vaccariello J; Funesti JC; Laverty MK; Vasquez M; Curran-Krikorian K; AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, New York University Medical Center,; New York City.
Until October 1991, zidovudine was the only licensed anti-HIV drug. Because zidovudine has limitations, the development of additional drugs is needed. One such drug is didanosine, which received FDA approval for patients who are intolerant of zidovudine or who have received prolonged
McGaffic CM; Longman AJ; University of Arizona, College of Nursing, Tucson.
This research investigation explored the bereavement experiences of gay partners of men who died of AIDS-related complications. Interviews with six men provided data for analysis using the qualitative method of grounded theory. Two basic social-psychological processes were identified that characterized the bereavement
Waller PR; Ropka ME; School of Nursing, University of Texas, Austin.
Disseminating research findings is a critical step in making research useful. Careful preparation of abstracts allows investigators the opportunity to communicate their findings effectively to other healthcare professionals. This paper presents criteria developed by the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care (ANAC) Resear
Blood. 1993 May 1;81(9):2375-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244431
Hymes K; Nardi M; Leaf A; Karpatkin S; Department of Medicine, NYU Medical Center, NY.
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1-immune thrombocytopenic purpura (HIV-1-ITP) have elevated polyethylene glycol (PEG)-precipitable immune complexes (ICs) composed of IgG, IgM, and complement that are threefold to sevenfold higher than in healthy control subjects. These complexes contain anti-F (ab )2 a
Hansen ME; Miller GL 3d; Redman HC; McIntire DD; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center, Dallas 75235-9071.
PURPOSE: The frequency of parenteral and cutaneous exposure to blood or body fluid during interventional radiologic procedures, current use of barrier precautions by interventional radiologists, and physician attitudes about testing for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and related issues were assessed. MATERIALS
Transfus Med Rev. 1993 Apr;7(2):121-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244543
Sherwood WC; American Red Cross Blood Services, Penn Jersey Region,; Philadelphia, PA 19103.
In the last half of this century, donor deferral registries have grown in size, scope, and importance for blood collection organizations and regulatory agencies. This has occurred despite the lack of direct evidence that, when used with all other methods, they contribute meaningfully to the safety of the blood supply.
Katoda H; Department of Sociology, Shikoku Gakuin University, Kagawa,; Japan.
In 1989/1990, parents and teachers of young people with mental handicaps in Stockholm (41 parents and 20 teachers) and Tokyo (106 parents and 111 teachers) were given a questionnaire about their praxes of and attitudes towards health and sex education. Results from the study indicated that, compared to parents and tea
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S14-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245137
Smith LL; Lathrop LM; Sexuality Division, Calgary Health Services, Alberta.
The sexual behaviours placing an individual at risk for HIV infection are those also placing him/her at risk for gonorrhoea, syphilis, hepatitis B, chlamydia and unplanned pregnancy. This article proposes that approaches to HIV prevention must be included within a broad context of human sexuality. To address disease p
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S19-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245138
Nakyonyi MM; Africans United to Control AIDS Programme, Toronto, ON.
Africans United to Control AIDS, an HIV/AIDS community-based programme, is described. The project goal is to increase HIV/AIDS awareness among the African community in Metropolitan Toronto within a culturally appropriate context. A brief overview of African immigration to Canada is
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S24-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245139
Gill NJ; Beazley RP; School of Recreation, Physical and Health Education, Dalhousie; University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of an educational program, Learning About AIDS, on Grade 6 students knowledge of HIV/AIDS and attitudes towards persons living with AIDS(PLWAs). A pretest/post-test/follow-up comparison group design was utilized to evaluate this intervention. Findings indicated that
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S28-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245140
Sourdif I; Centre quebecois de coordination sur le SIDA, ministere de la; Sante et des Services sociaux, Quebec, Montreal.
AIDS and STDs are major health problems among Canadian women. The prevention of HIV and STD transmission will possibly be more effective if certain factors pertaining to social status and affecting behaviour patterns are understood and taken into account. The Ottawa Charter can be used as a reference in designing prev
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S34-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245142
Remis RS; Sutherland WD; Montreal General Hospital, Department of Community Health,; Quebec.
There is little doubt the HIV epidemic is of enormous public health importance for Canadians. Currently, it is estimated that between one and two in 1,000 adult Canadians are infected with HIV. Compared to other industrialized countries, Canada is a country of intermediate incidenc
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S39-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245143
Nelson CC; Elgin-St. Thomas Health Unit, Ontario.
This paper discusses the development and implementation of an AIDS prevention program in a non-urban area. A non-urban area provides challenges, issues and barriers not found in a large urban area. Characteristics of smaller centre residents, their attitudes and values will shape their response to HIV/AIDS issues. To
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S42-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245144
Adrien A; Departement de sante communautaire, Hopital general de; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Quebec has the highest rate in Canada of AIDS among injection drug users (IDU), women and individuals originating from Model II countries. Long-term prevention of HIV transmission in Quebec calls for intervention measures (individual risk reduction) as well as the implementation of
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S46-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245145
Lambert DT
A concise portrait of HIV and AIDS within the Aboriginal community is difficult to present. Just as there are different customs and traditions among tribes, so are there different ways by which this issue is being addressed. The response to HIV/AIDS in the Aboriginal community is the process of moving from an individu
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S48-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245146
Rowe WS; School of Social Work, Memorial University of New-foundland, St.; John's.
This paper examines the response of the social service sector to the HIV/AIDS crisis in Canada . Examples of innovative projects and programs are provided and the challenges of responding to needs in rural and remote settings and special populations are explored. The importance of f
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S52-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245148
Stinson JC; Education and Community Development, Village Clinic, Inc.,; Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Broad-based AIDS awareness campaigns often involve media advertisements, posters and/or pamphlets intended to address a specific concern related to HIV/AIDS. They focus on safer sex, prevention for young adults, women s issues in relation to HIV, etc. During the autumn of 1991 a group of Manitoba AIDS organizations ca
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S55-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245149
Crown M; Duncan K; Hurrell M; Ootoova R; Tremblay R; Yazdanmehr S; GNWT Department of Health, Government of the NWT, Yellowknife.
Meeting the challenges of diverse cultures, numerous languages and great distances, the Northwest Territories discovered innovative ways to promote AIDS prevention. This article discusses obstacles to HIV prevention and techniques used to overcome them commonly found in health services for the NWT. For example, techni
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S59-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245150
Corkum SH; Ruf FW; City of Toronto, Department of Public Health, Ontario.
This paper chronicles the planning process for the City of Toronto Department of Public Health s HIV/AIDS Prevention Program for 1991/1992. The process benefited from extensive consultation and input from Department staff, community representatives and the local Board of Health. A discussion of various questions that
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S62-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245151
Wagman LM; City of Vancouver Health Department, BC, Canada.
Experience gleaned from no smoking campaigns, seatbelt safety crusades, dental hygiene programs and other health promotion efforts, have pointed to the usefulness of social marketing principles in formulating and implementing broad-based behaviour change programs. Using social marketing as a tool of health promotion,
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S66-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245152
Wong-Rieger D; David L; University of Windsor, Department of Psychology, Ontario.
A program logic model was used to design and evaluate a support workshop for men infected with HIV. The model identified three proximal outcomes leading to the ultimate goal of motivating participants to initiate ongoing support relationships. Path analysis was used to evaluate the workshop. The findings indicated the
Can J Public Health. 1993 Jan-Feb;84 Suppl 1:S9-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245153
Wardrop K; AIDS Education and Awareness Program, Canadian Public Health; Association, Ottawa, ON.
During the 1980s, many AIDS prevention programs and interventions were established. However, program planning was often done with little consideration of the theoretical models useful for implementing successful interventions. In order to refine our AIDS prevention work in the future, it is necessary to look at theore
Innocenzi D; Cerio R; Barduagni O; Bosman C; Carlesimo OA; Clinica Dermatologica Universita degli studi La Sapienza, Roma,; Italia.
Bacillary epithelioid angiomatosis (BEA) is a rare cutaneous disorder usually affecting patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection often misdiagnosed as a vascular tumour. We describe a 51-year-old, HIV-positive, Caucasian, homosexual male who developed scattered papulo-nodular lesions with clinicopath
Abel ME; Chiu YS; Russell TR; Volpe PA; California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco.
This nonrandomized series reports the use of autologous fibrin glue to treat complex rectovaginal and anorectal fistulas. The use of an autologous source to prepare fibrin glue eliminates the risk of disease transmission. Ten patients, six women and four men, with complex fistulas were treated with autologous fibrin g
Kline TJ; De las Morenas T; O'Brien M; Smith BF; Afdhal NH; Department of Medicine, Boston City Hospital, Massachusetts; 02118.
AIDS-related cholangiopathy is an increasingly recognized syndrome associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mechanism of cholangiopathy is unknown but is assumed to be related to infectious pathogens such as CMV and cryptosporidia. The case of a
Garcia-Lechuz JM; Navarro M; Morandeira MJ; Soria J; Roman A; Guemes A; Salinas JC; Lozano R; Department of Surgery, University of Zaragoza, Spain.
The purpose of the present study is to ascertain the immunorestorative effect of two different drugs on immunodepression induced by small bowel surgical resection in an experimental model. The potential immunorestorative effect has been measured by the ability of the drug to avoid the delay of skin allograft rejection
Nyunoya H; Morita T; Sato T; Honma S; Tsujimoto A; Shimotohno K; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo, Japan.
The transcriptional activator, Tax, of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) has been considered to interact with cellular proteins to act on target enhancer motifs. Using oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing the tax-responsive element (TAXRE) of the HTLV-I enhancer, we have cloned multiple cDNAs coding for TAXRE-bindi
In a severely ill 64-year-old man with multilocular Kaposi sarcoma HIV infection was excluded. The decisive factor in the pathogenesis, was long-term immunosuppression with systemic corticosteroids for bronchial asthma. The patient died from cardiorespiratory insufficiency in the course of tumour progression. Autopsy
Turner JC; Korpita E; Mohn LA; Hill WB; University of South Carolina, Columbia.
Sexually active college students are at risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV infection. As a result, health education initiatives to prevent these infections are commonplace, but few controlled research studies have evaluated behavioral changes as a result of on-campus sex education. In a n
Yep GA; Department of Communication Studies, California State University,; Los Angeles.
This study examined the predictive utility of the health belief model (HBM) in relation to prevention of HIV infection among Asian-American college students. Four research hypotheses were proposed. Three of these hypotheses proposed a positive relationship between perceived susceptibility, severity, and benefits, and
J Immunol. 1993 May 15;150(10):4601-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93246674
Ehrenreich H; Rieckmann P; Sinowatz F; Weih KA; Arthur LO; Goebel FD; Burd PR; Coligan JE; Clouse KA; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Monocytes/macrophages play a critical role in the pathogenesis of HIV infection, both as targets for virus replication and as sources of production of multifunctional cytokines. Endothelins, peptides with potent vasoconstricting activities originally isolated from endothelial cells, are also produced and secreted by m
Zuber TJ; Geddie JE; Department of Family Medicine, East Carolina University,; Greenville, NC.
Mandatory reporting and recordkeeping on job safety were established for all employers by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Act of 1970. Physician interest in OSHA regulations recently increased with the publication of the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. This review examines general employer comm
Nagasato K; Nakamura T; Ichinose K; Nishiura Y; Ohishi K; Shibayama K; Watanabe H; Tsujihata M; Nagataki S; First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School; of Medicine, Japan.
Ten patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) were treated in an uncontrolled preliminary trial of heparin. In 7 patients, motor dysfunction improved substantially and the effect continued for more than a month after the discontinuation of therapy. Sensory and urinary disturbances also improved in 3 of 4 and in
Arendt G; Hefter H; Nelles HW; Hilperath F; Strohmeyer G; Department of Neurology, University of Dusseldorf, Germany.
Cognitive event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded in 100 HIV-positive patients of all CDC stages without clinical CNS deficits with an auditory oddball paradigm. Four latency peaks and three amplitudes were evaluated (N1, P2, N2 and P3 latencies, N1-P2, P2-N2 and N2-P3 amplitudes). In contrast to an age-matched c
J Okla State Med Assoc. 1993 Apr;86(4):161-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93246875
Rohlman VC; Haglund LA; Swartz MA; Dahl E; Greenfield RA; Slater LN; Huycke MM; Muchmore HG; Fine DP; Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences; Center, Oklahoma City.
We reviewed the course of 545 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients seen between 1983 and March 30, 1991. A majority were Caucasian homosexual or bisexual men, while parenteral drug abusers represented a smaller proportion than seen nationwide. In the 274 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency synd
Brown LS Jr; Department of Medicine, Harlem Hospital, College of Physicians; and Surgeons, Columbia University New York, New York.
There is an increasing appreciation of the impact of drug abuse on AIDS in the United States because of the pivotal role of injecting drug use in the prevalence of total AIDS cases and case reporting among ethnic/racial minorities, women, and children. While the participation of inject
J Med Vet Mycol. 1993;31(1):87-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93246915
Bava AJ; Negroni R; Bianchi M; Centro de Micologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos; Aires, Argentina.
A urease negative strain of Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated form a patient with AIDS. The identification of the yeast was confirmed by physiological and pathogenicity tests. Clinically, the disseminated cryptococcal infection in our patient was identical to those reported in other patients with AIDS.
A case of disseminated adiaspiromycosis in an AIDS patient is described. The most notable characteristic of the infection was the extensive osteomyelitis exhibited by the patient. Positive cultures for Chrysosporium parvum var. parvum were obtained from pus taken from a lesion of the wrist during surgery as well as fr
Maestroni GJ; Center for Experimental Pathology, Istituto Cantonale di; Patologia, Locarno, Switzerland.
A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce
Stahle L; Guzenda E; Ljungdahl-Stahle E; Department of Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Microdialysis was applied to sample the free drug concentration in the extracellular fluid in brain, muscle, and blood of rats given alovudine (n = 6) (3 -fluorothymidine) or zidovudine (n = 5) (25 mg/kg s.c.). Alovudine and zidovudine were analyzed by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV det
Deschamps MM; Pape JW; Desvarieux M; Williams-Russo P; Madhavan S; Ho JL; Johnson WD Jr; Haitian Study Group on Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic; Infection (GHESKIO), Port-au-Prince.
An observational study of 140 HIV-seropositive asymptomatic women of childbearing age was conducted in Haiti from 1984 to 1992 as part of a larger natural history study. Forty-four women were pregnant or became pregnant during the study period. The progression to HIV-related disease
Wu AW; Rubin HR; Mathews WC; Brysk LM; Bozzette SA; Hardy WD; Atkinson JH; Grant I; Spector SA; McCutchan JA; et al; Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.
To determine the effect of zidovudine on functional status and well-being in patients with early symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, 70 subjects in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (ACTG Protocol 016) were observed for 1 year using a brief quality-of-life questionnaire. Thirty-four subjects
Hilmarsdottir I; Meynard JL; Rogeaux O; Guermonprez G; Datry A; Katlama C; Brucker G; Coutellier A; Danis M; Gentilini M; Departement des Maladies Infectieuses, Parasitaires et; Tropicales et de Sante Publique, Groupe Hospitalier de la; Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Penicillium marneffei, a dimorphic fungus that is endemic in southeast Asia, causes deep-seated infection in humans and rodents. About 20 cases have been reported among the local populations of China , Thailand , and
Lubeck DP; Bennett CL; Mazonson PD; Fifer SK; Fries JF; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine,; California 94304.
Health-related quality of life and the utilization of health resources are important components of the evaluation of patient outcome in HIV infection because medical problems are often progressive and debilitating, and treatment is palliative. We evaluated quality-of-life measures and resource utilization of patients
Dixon DO; Rida WN; Fast PE; Hoth DF; Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Anticipating the availability of one or more candidate HIV vaccines for efficacy testing in the next few years, public health agencies are now planning for the conduct of large-scale efficacy trials. We expect these trials to be randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with prevention of infection as the p
Satz P; Morgenstern H; Miller EN; Selnes OA; McArthur JC; Cohen BA; Wesch J; Becker JT; Jacobson L; D'Elia LF; et al; UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute 90024.
The present study reports new and unexpected results of cognitive abnormalities among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) asymptomatic subjects in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. The major purpose of our analyses is to estimate the separate and combined effects of serostatus and education level on the preva
Fife D; McAnaney J; Epidemiology Unit, Philadelphia Department of Public Health, PA; 19107.
We used medical insurance information gathered on each Philadelphia resident with AIDS to examine time trends in private medical insurance at the time of diagnosis. The proportion of AIDS patients with private medical insurance decreased from 51.9% in July-December 1988 to 28.6% in July-December 1991. During the same
Ross MW; Stowe A; Wodak A; Miller ME; Gold J; National Centre in HIV Social Research, University of New South; Wales, Surry Hills, Australia.
We compared three groups of injecting drug users in a large cross-sectional study on HIV/AIDS and risk behaviors in Sydney, Australia , to determine what differences existed between those who had never been in treatment (n = 458), had previously been in treatment (n = 387), and w
Roland JT Jr; Rothstein SG; Mittal KR; Perksy MS; Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of; Medicine, NY 10016.
Eight patients 45 years of age and under (range, 29 to 45) with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus are reported. Primary tumor sites include nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx. Probes for the human papillomavirus were positive in two of the pa
Pavlish OA; Syrtsev AV; Shcherbak LN; Gurtsevich VE
Plasmid clones capable of expressing a recombinant fusion proteins containing the anthranilate synthase of E. coli (TrpE) and different regions of gp46 HTLV-I were constructed on the basis of pATH-vectors. A high extent of TrpE-gp46 proteolytic degradation took place independently of the bacterial La-protease. Fusion
Viktorova LS; Mozzherin DIu; Rozovskaia TA; Kukhanova MK; Kraevskii AA
O-4 -nor-2 , 3 -dideoxy-2 , 3 -didehydronucleoside 5 -triphosphates are shown to be effective termination substrates of DNA biosynthesis catalyzed by human placental DNA polymerases alpha and epsilon, rat liver DNA polymerase beta, reverse transcriptases of human immunodeficiency virus and avian myeloblastosis virus,
Veselovskaia TV; Rykova LA; Selimova LM; Zaides VM
The synthesis of HIV-1 (IIIb isolate) structural protein in chronically (CI) and acutely infected (AI) MT4 cells was studied. During long-term cultivation the CI system was characterized by high involvement of the cells into infection (up to 100%), high level of virus-specific protein synthesis, moderate virus yield,
We have shown that gag polyprotein p55 is cleaved in cytosol rapidly after its synthesis, during 2 h, and p17 enters the nuclei while p24 resides in cytosol. To determine whether the nascent p17 is associated with viral genomic RNA in the nuclei, the cells were fractionated, the viral complexes were immunoprecipitated
Nature. 1993 May 13;363(6425):166-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93247640
Smeyne RJ; Vendrell M; Hayward M; Baker SJ; Miao GG; Schilling K; Robertson LM; Curran T; Morgan JI; Department of Neuroscience, Roche Research Center, Nutley, New; Jersey 07110.
The development of a multicellular organism involves a delicate balance among the processes of proliferation, differentiation and death. Naturally occurring cell death aids tissue remodelling, eliminates supernumerary cell populations and provides structural elements such as hair and skin. In the nervous system, selec
Pratt RD; Hatch R; Dankner WM; Spector SA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093.
Although increasing information is available regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections of children in high seroprevalence areas, few data are available describing trends in low seroprevalence populations. In San Diego County approximately 1 in 1450 live births are to women infected with HIV as identified
Turner BJ; Denison M; Eppes SC; Houchens R; Fanning T; Markson LE; Center for Research in Medical Education and Health Care,; Jefferson Medical College.
To define predictors of survival we studied longitudinal histories of 789 New York State Medicaid-enrolled children diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from 1983 to 1989 and followed through 1990. Median survival times for 3 severity groups of AIDS-defining conditions were 66, 48 and 9 months. In
We showed previously that a commercially available synthetic tetradecapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-Ser, produces authentic angiotensin I (Ang I) upon incubation with the HIV-1 protease (S. K. Sharma et al., Anal. Biochem. 198:363, 1991). Therefore, we developed an Ang-I based activity a
Mod Pathol. 1993 Mar;6(2):125-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248152
Pakasa M; Mangani N; Dikassa L; Department of Pathology, University of Kinshasa, Zaire.
In order to assess renal pathology, 92 clinically well-documented cases of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in adults (median age: 29) were systematically biopsied upon admission to the University Hospital of Kinshasa, between 1986 and 1989. All biopsies were paraffin embedded and histologically assessed by the routine methods
Mod Pathol. 1993 Mar;6(2):167-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248160
Weidenheim KM; Epshteyn I; Lyman WD; Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Albert Einstein College; of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
T-lymphocytes enter the brain in viral encephalitides. The monoclonal antibodies UCHL1 and Leu22 are widely used to identify these cells; however, both antibodies cross-react with peripheral blood monocytes, cells ontologically related to brain macrophages and microglia. This study examines the nature of UCHL1- and Le
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 1;90(9):3860-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248189
Lisziewicz J; Sun D; Metelev V; Zamecnik P; Gallo RC; Agrawal S; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20853.
The antiviral activity of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide phosphorothioates complementary to the tat gene, the gag mRNA, and the rev mRNA were studied in a long-term infection model. Three antisense oligonucleotides directed to the splice-acceptor site of the tat gene failed to suppress human immunodeficiency virus typ
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 1;90(9):4156-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248248
Wang B; Ugen KE; Srikantan V; Agadjanyan MG; Dang K; Refaeli Y; Sato AI; Boyer J; Williams WV; Weiner DB; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of; Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.
Recently, immunization techniques in which DNA constructs are introduced directly into mammalian tissue in vivo have been developed. In theory, gene inoculation should result in the production of antigenic proteins in a natural form in the immunized host. Here we present the use of such a technique for the inoculation
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 1;90(9):4186-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248254
Gabriel JL; Mitchell WM; Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine,; Philadelphia, PA 19140.
The atomic structure of a truncated glycoprotein gp120 from human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) that contains the principal neutralizing antigenic sites and the CD4 binding domain has been derived by molecular dynamics and calculation of potential energy using the DREIDING force field. The resultant N-glycosylated
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 1;90(9):4226-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248262
Talbott R; Kraus G; Looney D; Wong-Staal F; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego; 92093-0665.
Human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) ISY and the newly derived HIV-2KR are infectious molecular clones that yield viruses differing markedly in their abilities to infect and/or induce syncytia in various T- and monocytoid-cell lines. Chimeric viruses were constructed from these two viral genomes to localize the gene
Hernandez Hernandez JA; Gonzalez-Moreno Portugal M; Casan Cava JM; Aloy Duch A; Llibre Codina JM; Capdevilla Morell JA; Servei de Medicina Interna, Hospital Sant Jaume, Calella,; Barcelona.
Endocarditis due to Candida albicans (EC) is a rare cause of endocarditis in IV drug addicts (IVDA). Its diagnostic is usually difficult and high peripheral embolization is characteristic, and could affect big vessels. The case of a female patients (IVDA) 21 years old is discussed, who showed bilateral iliofemoral emb
Lopez-Gomez M; Sampalo A; Mediavilla JD; Ortiz F; Corrales AJ; Martinez R; Jimenez-Alonso J; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Virgen de las; Nieves, Granada.
Two new cases of infection due to Listeria monocytogenes in two females with HIV are discussed, one of them with full blown AIDS and the other pregnant and without knowledge of her seropositivity until that moment. Its clinical manifestation as a meningeal manifestation and bacteremia, coincide with the few cases desc
Casanova-Cardiel LJ; Ruiz-Ordaz I; Servicio de Infectologia Adultos, Hospital de Infectologia,; Centro Medico La Raza, IMSS, Mexico, D.F.
This paper describes the clinical course of four patients with AIDS who were found to have H capsulatum in peripheral blood. The evolution of the infection was fulminant and all died within the first 96 hours following hospitalization. In every case the presence of the characteristic mycelium and tuberculate macroconi
Kossmann T; Morganti-Kossmann MC; Smith P; Decurtins M; Departement Chirurgie, Universitatsspital Zurich.
Dysfunction of the immune system can result in opportunistic infections, which are frequently responsible for high morbidity and mortality. With regard to surgery, opportunistic infections are found in specific risk groups, including individuals with tumors, AIDS, thermic or mechanical trauma and organ transplantation
Solomon L; Astemborski J; Warren D; Munoz A; Cohn S; Vlahov D; Nelson KE; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
To examine sex-specific risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 seroconversion among intravenous drug users, the authors conducted a nested case-control study in Baltimore, Maryland, from 1988 to 1992 comparing 146 seroconverters and 539 HIV seronegative controls. Controls were matched on sex, race,
Seage GR 3d; Mayer KH; Horsburgh CR Jr; Institute for Urban Health Policy and Research, Boston Department; of Health and Hospitals, MA 02118.
To determine whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection among unprotected receptive anal partners of HIV type 1-infected men varies by the immunologic status of the HIV type 1-infected index case, 187 sexual partners of 164 HIV type 1-infected index subjects were enrolled at a community health center
van Griensven GJ; Hessol NA; Koblin BA; Byers RH; O'Malley PM; Albercht-van Lent N; Buchbinder SP; Taylor PE; Stevens CE; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Department of Public Health, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Homosexual/bisexual men from Amsterdam, The Netherlands , New York, New York, and San Francisco, California, were entered into trials of the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine shortly before the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic was recognized (1978-1980). The aut
Am J Med Sci. 1993 May;305(5):321-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248918
Azar ST; Melby JC; Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research, Boston University; Medical Center, Massachusetts 02118.
Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are reported to have increased basal cortisol and reduced stimulated cortisol release, but the dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is not yet understood in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during the advanced st
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1993 Apr;63(2):289-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248965
Stevens PE; School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco.
Sources of risk for HIV infection in members of the lesbian community are surveyed, together with factors that adversely affect access to appropriate health care by women in general and lesbians in particular. Issues of clinical practice, research, and public policy are examined with a view to promoting more effective
Am J Public Health. 1993 May;83(5):649-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248976
Bayer R; Dubler NN; Landesman S; School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.
As the recent increase in cases of tuberculosis is addressed, there is a danger that the need for increased protection of the public health will create a climate in which the rights of individuals with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may be disregarded. This paper considers ethical and po
Am J Public Health. 1993 May;83(5):701-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248986
Myers T; Orr KW; Locker D; Jackson EA; Department of Health Administration, University of Toronto,; Ontario, Canada.
OBJECTIVES. This paper describes the relationships of sociodemographic, attitudinal, and behavioral variables to (1) decision to be tested, (2) expressed intention to be tested, and (3) reasons for not being tested for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody. METHODS. A sample of 1295 men completed an anonymou
Am J Public Health. 1993 May;83(5):705-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248987
Allen S; Serufilira A; Gruber V; Kegeles S; Van de Perre P; Carael M; Coates TJ; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of General Internal; Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
OBJECTIVES. This study examined hormonal contraceptive use and pregnancy in urban Rwandan women, following human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody testing and counseling. METHODS. A sample of 1458 childbearing urban Rwandan women aged 18 to 35 years was tested and followed for 2 years. RESULTS. At enrollment, 17%
Am J Public Health. 1993 May;83(5):758-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93249001
Lerner BH; Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, University of; Washington, Seattle 98105.
New York City began America s first campaign to control tuberculosis in 1893, and the disease declined until the 1970s. Throughout the 20th century, New York relied on three control strategies: screening, supervised therapy, and detention of noncompliant persons. Officials consistently identified the persistent foci o
Am J Public Health. 1993 May;83(5):766-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93249002
Landesman SH; State University of New York Health Science Center, Division of; Infectious Diseases, Brooklyn 11203.
The resurgent tuberculosis epidemic represents--especially in New York City--a failure to maintain a public health infrastructure that was focused on preventing active disease in high-risk populations (i.e., individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) and on treating active tuberculosis patients until cur
Katz DJ; Hall WN; Keon NB; Crane LR; Disease Surveillance Section, Michigan Department of Public; Health, Lansing.
The epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease has contributed to the resurgence of tuberculosis in the United States . For clinical and public health reasons, the Advisory Council for the Elimination of Tuberculosis has recommended that all patients with tuberculosis be tes
Carstea ED; Miller SP; Christakis H; O'Neill RR; Developmental and Metabolic Neurology Branch, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Butyric acid has many strong effects on gene expression in mammalian and viral systems, as well as in increasing the expression of recombinant DNAs artificially introduced into cultured cells. We screened 14 analogues of butyric acid for their ability to upregulate expression from 3 different recombinant chloramphenic
Weyant RJ; Simon MS; Bennett ME; University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine (UPSDM), PA; 15261.
PURPOSE. To examine how medical students attitudes and intentions toward the treatment of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) changed as the students progressed through medical school. METHOD. Similar 44-item self-administered questionnaires, to be completed anonymously, were given to 394 medical
Getchell JP; Hausler WJ Jr; Ramirez MT; Susanin JM; University of Iowa Hygienic Laboratory, Iowa City.
Iowa has participated in the national survey for the prevalence of HIV infection in childbearing women since July of 1989. As of February 1992, blinded testing for antibodies to HIV has been performed on blood spot specimens from 100,717 newborns. Of this number, 14 were confirmed as positive by Western blot. In the I
Casabona J; Salas T; Salinas R; AIDS Program, Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya,; Barcelona, Spain.
Data from 1569 AIDS cases reported to the population-based AIDS Registry of Catalonia have been analysed to describe the epidemiology and temporal evolution of both Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Of the 1569 cases reported, 53 (3.4%) presented with NHL and 135 (8.6%) with KS. KS cases were more
Ann Ital Med Int. 1993 Jan-Mar;8(1):21-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93249813
Sangiorgi G; Orlandi A; De Nardo D; Sangiorgi M; Spagnoli LG; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Universita degli Studi di Roma; Tor Vergata.
We report a case of drug-induced Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) on the sole of the right foot in a 71-year-old man, treated for 6 months with corticosteroid therapy (prednisolone 25 mg/day) for pericardial effusion. After corticosteroid withdrawal, a tuberculin skin test became strongly positive and pericardial effusion was co
The 32nd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) was held late last year in Anaheim, California. Sponsored by the American Society for Microbiology, the conference is designed to encourage the exchange of new information among microbiologists, clinicians, pharmacologists, pathologists,
Physicians and staff in the endoscopy unit are seeing an increasing number of patients who are human immunodeficiency virus positive or who have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Despite the practice of universal precautions, exposure can occur very easily. It happened to me. This article describes some of the detai
While preventing cross-infection has always been important, the current epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus has brought about a greater awareness that infection control standards should be the same regardless of the practice setting. This article discusses infection control practices in office endoscopy including
An Med Interna. 1993 Mar;10(3):123-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93250237
Martin Suarez I; Aguayo Canela DM; Cordero Mendez F; Pujol de la Llave E; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General, Huelva.
In patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), it has been observed and increase in the incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Recently, the presence of abdominal tuberculous abscesses has been described as a manifestation of this form of tuberculous disease. However, hepatic abscesses by Mycobacte
Monteiro-Grillo M; Sousa AP; Galvao J; Yueh M; Neves C; Ribeiro-da-Silva J; Lisbon University Eye Clinic, Santa Maria Hospital, Lisboa,; Portugal.
In Portugal , the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) seropositivity is higher than in other European countries or North America. Recent literature data points out a possible difference on the pathogenic potenti
Hall W; Darke S; Ross M; Wodak A; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New; South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Data are presented on the patterns of drug use and HIV risk-taking of daily amphetamine and opioid injectors among 1245 injecting drug users who were interviewed in Sydney in 1989. About one-third of the sample had injected amphetamines during a typical month of injecting, and 12% were using amphetamines on a daily ba
Latkin CA; Vlahov D; Anthony JC; Department of Mental Hygiene, Johns Hopkins University, School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
This study examined the extent to which self-report of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors might depend upon socially desirable response tendencies, and whether socially desirable responding might serve as a confounding variable in the study of risk behaviors and HIV serostatus. The subjects were 2885 in
Pandolfi F; Paganelli R; Oliva A; Quinti I; Polidori V; Fanales-Belasio E; Guerra E; Aiuti F; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, La Sapienza; University of Rome, Italy.
We have studied IL-6 gene expression and production by in vitro stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) patients. A strong hybridization signal for the IL-6 probe was observed in mRNA extracted from phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)- and PHA/phorbol myristate a
ter Horst G; Department of Social Dentistry and Dental Health Education,; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
A sample of all dental hygienists practicing in the Netherlands besides Amsterdam (n = 669) and all dental hygienists practicing in Amsterdam (n = 118) were sent a questionnaire to assess the extent of compliance with the Dutch Health Council s guidelines to prevent HIV transm
Goodman MF; Creighton S; Bloom LB; Petruska J; University of Southern California, Department of Biological; Sciences, Los Angeles 90089-1340.
DNA polymerase is the critical enzyme maintaining genetic integrity during DNA replication. Individual steps in the replication process that contribute to DNA synthesis fidelity include nucleotide insertion, exonucleolytic proofreading, and binding to and elongation of matched and mismatched primer termini. Each proce
Pastores SM; Naidich DP; Aranda CP; McGuinnes G; Rom WN; Chest Service, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York 10016.
The role of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis was evaluated retrospectively in 25 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients (19 had AIDS). In all cases, the diagnosis of tuberculosis was established by mycobacterial culture and/or histologic evaluation. The m
Read CA; Cerrone F; Busseniers AE; Waldhorn RE; Lavelle JP; Pierce PF; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Georgetown University; Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007.
The diagnostic yield of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus has been reported to be 95 percent, but falls to 62 percent in patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine. Because aerosolized pentamidine appears to be preferentially de
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1993 Mar;32(1):9-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93251971
Covell RG; Frischer M; Taylor A; Goldberg D; Green S; McKeganey N; Bloor M; Communicable Diseases (Scotland) Unit, Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow.
Five hundred three injecting drug users in Glasgow recruited by a multisite and citywide sampling strategy were questioned regarding their drug-taking behaviour during episodes of custody over the six months prior to interview. Fifty-two percent had been in custody during the past 6 months, 16% of these had injected w
Indian J Med Res. 1993 Jan;97:1-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93252450
Babu PG; Saraswathi NK; Vaidyanathan H; John TJ; Department of Virology & Immunology, Christian Medical College; Hospital, Vellore.
The sensitivity of testing pooled sera instead of individual sera for antibody against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was evaluated using a non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For this purpose, 42 HIV antibody positive sera were titrated and introduced into 42 sets of pools of 2, 4, 8, 16, 3
Indian J Med Res. 1993 Jan;97:14-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93252451
Ashtekar MD; Samuel AM; Kadival GV; Sakhalkar V; Rajadhyaksha S; Virdi SS; Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay.
T cells and their sub-populations were evaluated with respect to reactive, intermediate and unreactive forms of tuberculosis as classified by Lenzini. Significant CD4 lymphopenia and a reduction of CD4/CD8 ratios were found in patients with reactive tuberculosis. It was observed that there was a B lymphocytosis, CD8 l
Int J Cancer. 1993 May 8;54(2):255-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93252503
Madeleine MM; Wiktor SZ; Goedert JJ; Manns A; Levine PH; Biggar RJ; Blattner WA; Viral Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute, Rockville,; MD 20852.
Mapping the geographic distribution of human T-lymphotrophic virus types 1 and 2 (HTLV-I and -II) has been complicated because conventional serologic approaches cannot distinguish between these 2 viruses. To more precisely define the epidemiology of HTLV-I and HTLV-II, we evaluated a convenience sample of 4,832 HTLV-I
Itescu S; Dalton J; Zhang HZ; Winchester R; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York 10032.
HIV-1 infection may initiate to an HLA-associated response designated diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, characterized by increased numbers of circulating CD8 T cells that infiltrate salivary glands, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys. Since this response could either be an antigenically driven proce
Geretti AM; Van Els CA; Van Baalen CA; Poelen MC; Osterhaus AD; Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health; and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
Luzuriaga K; McQuilken P; Alimenti A; Somasundaran M; Hesselton R; Sullivan JL; Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts; Medical School, Worcester 01605.
Thirty-three infants born to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive women were evaluated from birth using plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures, polymerase chain reaction, and serum p24 antigen assays. Five children were identified as infected. Evidence of infection was found i
Carrera-Zandomeni M; Zandomeni R; Esteban EN; Ferrer JF; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania,; Kennett Square 19348.
The 24-kDa band formed when sera of humans infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1) were reacted with HTLV-I lysates in conventional Western blot (WB) assays was found to be composed of two immunologically unrelated proteins of 24- and 23-kDa. p24, but not p23, carries epitopes shared by the major
Lu XS; Belec L; Pillot J; Unite d'Immunologie Microbienne, Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France.
To study the specific local immune response in vaginal fluids, 19 women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and 23 seronegative controls were selected. Vaginal fluids were tested by ELISA for total IgG, IgA, and IgM levels and for specific IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies to gp160. Total IgG, IgA, and
Quinn TC; Kline R; Moss MW; Livingston RA; Hutton N; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
Since acid treatment of serum is known to disrupt immune complexes, the diagnostic utility of the p24 antigen assay was examined after acid treatment of 345 serum samples from 158 children born to women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although the p24 antigen assay after acid treatment was negative i
Smulian AG; Sullivan DW; Linke MJ; Halsey NA; Quinn TC; MacPhail AP; Hernandez-Avila MA; Hong ST; Walzer PD; VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
The reported incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia varies in different areas of the world, but little is known about geographic variation in the antibody response to specific antigens. The frequency of anti-P. carinii antibodies in the serum of normal and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals f
J Med Virol. 1993 Feb;39(2):101-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93253401
Berry N; Pepin J; Gaye I; Parker D; Jarvill M; Wilkins A; Whittle H; Tedder R; Department of Medical Microbiology, University College and; Middlesex School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
The performance of a competitive EIA for the detection of HIV-2-specific antibody utilising a viral lysate antigen was assessed over a 3 year period in The Gambia , West Africa, and compared with a commercially available assay, ELAVIA-2, using three panels of sera. An immunodominant
J Med Virol. 1993 Feb;39(2):125-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93253404
Monell CR; Hoover DR; Odaka N; He X; Saah AJ; Strand M; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of; Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
The antibody response of HIV-infected individuals to the 581-609 amino acid (aa) region of HIV-1 gp41 containing the putative immunosuppressive and immunodominant sequences was examined. Sera collected every 5 to 6 months over a period of 5 years from 50 HIV-1-infected homosexual and bisexual men, 25 of whom progresse
J Drug Educ. 1993;23(1):57-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93253535
Deren S; Beardsley M; Davis R; Tortu S; National Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York.
A comparison of high-risk pregnant (n = 55) and non-pregnant (n = 598) women from Harlem, New York City on HIV-related drug and sexual risk behaviors was undertaken to identify appropriate prevention and intervention policy recommendations. Clients were recruited for an AIDS risk reduction research demonstration proje
Obeidallah D; Turner P; Iannotti RJ; O'Brien RW; Haynie D; Galper D; Dept. of Community and Family Medicine, Georgetown University; School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007.
Though AIDS education in schools reaches many adolescents, the incidence of adolescent HIV infection has risen dramatically. Reasons for failure to properly educate adolescents include not educating children prior to adolescence and neglecting to assess and address children s varying levels of cognitive development wh
Remafedi G; Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
The impact of training on secondary school professionals knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors regarding HIV/AIDS and adolescent homosexuality was examined. Subjects (79 introductory and 50 advanced trainees) and 58 controls (no prior training) were systematically sampled from professionals in a statewide demonstration p
Mulhall BP; Hu M; Thompson M; Lin F; Lupton D; Mills D; Maund M; Cass R; Millar D; Department of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW.
OBJECTIVE: To research the knowledge of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases among young Australian tourists to Thailand , and their intended sexual behaviour. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional survey by anonymous, self-administered questionnaire, of persons seeking pr
By photoionization mass spectrometry the energy characteristics were investigated for a series of nucleosides whose triphosphates possess anti-HIV activity. The electron-donor ability (a value reciprocal to ionization energy) does not correlate with the biological activity of corresponding nucleotides. The energy of g
Hohmann A; Peters V; Comacchio R; Bradley J; Department of Clinical Immunology, Flinders Medical Centre,; Bedford Park, Australia.
Two mouse monoclonal antibodies (VIC5 and VIC6; referred to as Ab1) reacting with the p24 core antigen of HIV-1 were used to produce mouse monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2). Six anti-idiotypic antibodies were characterized. The five anti-idiotypic antibodies directed against VIC6 partly competed which each ot
Fahrenheim E; Wintergerst U; Belohradsky BH; Immundefekt-Ambulanz, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital,; Universitat Munchen.
Chronically ill children who require life-long i.v. infusions in regular intervals (i.e. Agammaglobulinemia, HIV-infection) can be traumatized by such painful procedures. Some children gradually accept such infusions, whereas other children become sensitized and react with increasing fear and resistance. We report on
N Engl J Med. 1993 Jun 10;328(23):1670-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93254531
Coopman SA; Johnson RA; Platt R; Stern RS; Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA; 02215.
BACKGROUND. Skin diseases, including adverse reactions to drugs, are thought to be more common among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) than among other persons. These skin conditions can be disabling or disfiguring and may require discontinuati
Bentham G; Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global; Environment, UEA/UCL, School of Environmental Sciences,; University of East Anglia, Norwich.
Stratospheric ozone depletion threatens to increase exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation which is known to be a factor in a number of diseases. There is little doubt that cumulative exposure to UV radiation is important in the aetiology of non-melanoma skin cancers. Evidence is also strong for a link with cutaneous
Bates LW; Joubert CE; University of North Alabama, Florence 35632-0001.
84 college students responded to Coopersmith s self-esteem scale, Moore and Barling s AIDS Questionnaire, and a background survey querying them as to their sex, race, religion, frequency of church attendance, marital status, college classification, and sources of their sex education. The results indicated that self-es
Res Nurs Health. 1993 Feb;16(1):11-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93255236
Nyamathi AM; Leake B; Flaskerud J; Lewis C; Bennett C; School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024-6918.
The efficacy and differential effects of specialized (S) and traditional (T) AIDS education programs on cognitive, behavioral, and psychological outcomes were investigated. The sample consisted of 858 impoverished African-American and Latina women (S = 448, T = 410). At baseline, women in the traditional group reporte
Parente F; Rizzardini G; Cernuschi M; Antinori S; Fasan M; Bianchi Porro G; Dept. of Gastroenterology, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Even though the close association between AIDS and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) is widely known, few studies have evaluated the frequency of gastrointestinal involvement in a large series of AIDS patients with heterogeneous risk factors. We therefore reviewed the demographic and cl
Accidental exposure to blood carries with it a definite risk for the health care worker of infection by various bloodborne pathogens, especially the hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus. The risk of transmission from exposure to HIV is lower than that associated with exposure to HBV and HCV. Shou
Mombelli G; Reparto di medicina interna, Ospedale regionale La Carita,; Locarno.
Abrupt onset of fever with chills represents a body response to various stimuli called exogenous pyrogens. These substances interact with monocytes and macrophages, thus releasing various cytokines including interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor (endogenous pyrogens). Endogenous pyrogens act centrally on the thermos
South Med J. 1993 May;86(5):537-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93255445
Smith MU; Goudeau RE; Katner HP; Farmer JT; Mercer University School of Medicine, Central Georgia; Rehabilitation Hospital, Macon 31207.
We compared the knowledge and attitudes regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among employees in a tertiary care teaching hospital in a nonurban southeastern city with a relatively low incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). All 260 physicians and a random sample of 240 other employees
Direct detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA in serum or plasma samples has been reported in seronegative as well as seropositive individuals. An alkaline lysis procedure was adapted for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of plasma specimens. Eighty-five seronegative hemophiliacs, 52 of wh
Recently there has been an increasing realization that for the prevention of transfusion-associated HIV infection, HIV screening alone is insufficient. In 1988, a treatment protocol for children under 5 years with severe anaemia, was introduced in Ekwendeni Hospital. Initial results showed that it was possible to redu
Kallings LO; Global Programme on AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland.
By the year 2000 a cumulative global total of 30-40 million men, women and children are projected to have been infected with HIV. This will represent a three to four times increase of the present total. Currently, it is estimated that about 5000 persons are newly infected daily. Worldwide, the predominant and increasi
Tramont EC; Burke DS; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Walter Reed Army Medical; Center, Washington, DC 10307-5100.
HIV infection (AIDS) burst upon the scene a decade ago. Because it is a sexually transmitted disease that infects blood and kills its victim, it is military relevant and will impact on all aspects of the military. The US Army Medical Research and Development Command as Lead Agent for Infectious Disease Research in t
Warner RD; Mathis RE; Weston ME; Bigbee LR; Hendrix CW; Lucey DR; Epidemiologic Research Division, Armstrong Laboratory, Human; Systems Center, Brooks AFB, TX 78235.
The results of HIV screening between early 1986 and February 1991 in the United States Air Force are presented. In this period, two total-force screenings were conducted. HIV incidence estimates are presented by age, ethnicity/race, sex and occupational category.
Aiuti F; Ensoli F; Fiorelli V; Mezzaroma I; Pinter E; Guerra E; Varani AR; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome; La Sapienza, Italy.
The period of latency between infection by the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) and the production of specific antibodies to viral antigens may be prolonged and, occasionally, may last for years. This condition of seronegative infection could represent a serious risk of viral transmission from subjects who
Verani P; Butto S; Taddeo B; Federico M; Rossi GB; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.
An overview of efforts to induce neutralizing antibodies in order to develop an effective vaccine against AIDS is presented. The principal Neutralizing Determinant (PND) on the HIV-1 envelope is described. PND variability and the induction of neutralizing antibodies by synthetic peptides representing PND are discussed
Aragon J; Weston M; Warner R; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
A non-parametric estimator of the AIDS survival time (after developing AIDS) is computed for the AIDS data set from the US Air Force (USAF). Survival times are unobservable. They are censored by the screening mechanism. The Armstrong Laboratory s Epidemiologic Research Division maintains data on over 954 active duty U
Mapou RL; Rundell JR; Kay GG; Tramont EC; Henry M. Jackson Foundation For the Advancement of Military; Medicine, Rockville, MD 20850.
There has been controversy about whether cognitive changes occur in early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. In those studies reporting cognitive changes, these are typically subclinical, and their relationship to daily and/or occupational functioning has not been addressed. The potential effects of changes m
Brown GR; Rundell JR; McManis SE; Kendall SN; Jenkins RA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Wilford Hall Air Force Medical; Center, Lackland AFB, San Antonio, TX 78236.
The Military Medical Consortium for Applied Retroviral Research Program s (MMCARR) Behavioral Medicine Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Research component is conducting a tri-service, comprehensive, and longitudinal research study in military HIV-infected personnel at all stages of infection. Identification of neuro
The clinical and immunological responses to typhoid vaccination with parenteral and oral vaccines in two groups of 30 adult male subjects were studied. Specific anti-Salmonella typhi cell-mediated immunity and total or specific anti-lipopolysaccharide faecal immunoglobulin (Ig) A titres in vaccinated subjects were mon
Hooper SR; Whitt JK; Tennison M; Burchinal M; Gold S; Hall C; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North; Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7255.
OBJECTIVE--To examine the behavioral adaptation to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive status, as defined by parental report, in children and adolescents with hemophilia. RESEARCH DESIGN--A clinical descriptive study of two groups of patients as part of a longitudinal design. SETTING--A university-based co
Hess B; Raisin J; Zimmermann A; Horber F; Bajo S; Wyttenbach A; Jaeger P; Policlinic of Medicine, University Hospital, Berne, Switzerland.
Two young human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, a 25-year-old woman and a 26-year-old man, consumed large amounts of germanium lactate citrate 18% as an immunostimulant for 9 months. The woman, who had stage II HIV infection, developed severe renal dysfunction (creatinine clearance, 7 mL/min/1.73 m2) a
Kronfol Z; Nair M; Hill E; Kroll P; Brower K; Greden J; Department of Psychiatry and the Alcohol Research Center,; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0118.
Several studies have shown an increased risk for infection and cancer in alcoholic patients. The mechanisms for such observations remain largely unknown. In an effort to investigate the possibility of immunological dysfunction in alcoholism, we studied three immune parameters in 47 hospitalized chronic alcoholic patie
Ewald SJ; Shao H; Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,; Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5519.
Exposure of animals to ethanol causes thymic atrophy in adults and fetuses. Whether direct effects of ethanol contribute to thymic atrophy or whether indirect effects are entirely responsible is at present unknown. In the normal animal, large numbers of thymocytes undergo a physiological form of cell death referred to
Steinbereithner K; Ludwig Boltzmann-Institut fur Experimentelle Anasthesiologie; und Intensivmedizinische Forschung, Wien-Linz.
Having pointed out some curriculum goals in medical ethics, a plea is made for extensive animal experimentation, especially in emergency medicine in order to minimize necessary investigations in human beings. Although certain groups of patients (persons in custody, minors) are protected nowadays against unjustified re
Uno K; Minoda R; Noguchi S; Ishikawa T; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kumamoto University School of; Medicine, Japan.
Auditory testing (pure tone audiometry, auditory brain stem response), and vestibular tests (eye tracking test, optokinetic pattern test, and caloric test) were performed to define neuro-otologic abnormalities in myelopathy associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. Of the eight patients tested, seven sho
Rougereau A; Sallerin T; Chapet J; Robin JC; Rougereau G; Institut de Nutrition, Hopital R. Debre, Amboise.
The aim of the work reported here was to evaluate the effects of an adjuvant treatment composed of an association of vitamins with an amino acid: beta-alanine, in cancer patients. This adjuvant therapy has been given to 17 subjects with a squamous cell carcinoma of upper aerodigestive tract treated by radiotherapy mos
Ann Neurol. 1993 Apr;33(4):343-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93256488
Sidtis JJ; Gatsonis C; Price RW; Singer EJ; Collier AC; Richman DD; Hirsch MS; Schaerf FW; Fischl MA; Kieburtz K; et al; Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, NY.
The efficacy of two doses of zidovudine was examined for the treatment of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial conducted at nine study centers. For the initial 16 weeks, 40 subjects with mild to mod
An increasing spectrum of diseases has been shown to be associated with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), most notably a chronic, progressive myelopathy termed HTLV-I--associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis and adult T-cell leukemia. HTLV-II is a close relative of HTLV-I and is structura
Ann Neurol. 1993 Apr;33(4):411-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93256500
Harrington WJ Jr; Sheremata W; Hjelle B; Dube DK; Bradshaw P; Foung SK; Snodgrass S; Toedter G; Cabral L; Poiesz B; Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type one (HTLV-1) is associated with tropical spastic paraparesis or HTLV-I--associated myelopathy. We report 2 women with a spastic ataxic illness similar to HTLV-I--associated myelopathy infected solely with HTLV-II. Identification of HTLV-II infection was made serologically, by polym
Jackson JB; Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University,; University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio.
The direct detection and quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are becoming increasingly important for diagnosis and viral load determinations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Traditional molecular-based assays such as Southern, Northern, and in situ hybridization have had limited applic
Ng VL; Geaghan SM; Leoung G; Shiboski S; Fahy J; Schnapp L; Yajko DM; Hopewell PC; Hadley WK; Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, San Francisco General Hospital,; CA 94110.
Two independent studies were undertaken to determine the effect of prophylactic treatment with aerosolized pentamidine on the laboratory diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in individuals at risk for or with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The first study was a retrospective analysis to determine the e
Turbat-Herrera EA; Hancock C; Cabello-Inchausti B; Herrera GA; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham.
Twenty-seven bone marrow aspirates and biopsy specimens from human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients with plasmacytosis were analyzed to identify the pathologic correlates of polyclonal and monoclonal hypergammaglobulinemia in these patients, to compare the results with another random group of similar human imm
Dawson MS; Hayes MM; Wang RY; Armstrong D; Kundsin RB; Lo SC; Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pathology, Armed; Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
Mycoplasma fermentans (incognitus strain) has been linked with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated nephropathy. Ten (23%) of 43 urine sediment specimens from 40 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients at different stages of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome disease tested positive in the polyme
Artigas J; Grosse G; Niedobitek F; Institute of Pathology, Auguste-Viktoria-Krankenhaus, Berlin,; Germany.
Cerebral toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of focal brain disease in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A 24-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-infected woman with two previous episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia presented with diarrhea and fever. Despite antibiotic treatment, septic
Tsang K; Kneafsey P; Gill MJ; Department of Pathology, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta,; Canada.
An increased incidence of lymphoma has been reported in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Malignant lymphomas that develop within this setting of impaired immune surveillance have distinctive clinical, histologic, and molecular biologic characteristics. Histologically, the majority of these lymphom
Ohara K; Okubo A; Kamata K; Sasaki H; Kobayashi J; Kitamura S; Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi-ken,; Japan.
We conducted clinical research using transbronchial lung biopsy in 60 patients with suspected ocular sarcoidosis who showed no bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and sparse contributory evidence for sarcoidosis. The patients had a combination of granulomatous iritis with mutton-fat keratic precipitates or iris nodules, t
Biochem J. 1993 May 1;291 ( Pt 3):869-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93256900
Anjuere F; Monsigny M; Lelievre Y; Mayer R; Department de Biochemie des Glycoconjugues et des Lectines; Endogenes, CNRS, Orleans, France.
Hydrosoluble macromolecular fluorogenic substrates specific for the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) proteinase have been prepared. The fluoresceinyl peptide Ftc-epsilon-Ahx-Ser-Phe-Asn-Phe-Pro-Gln-Ile-Thr-(Gly)n, corresponding to the first cleavage site of HIV-1 gag-pol native precursor was linked to a water-so
Diarrhea is a common manifestation of HIV disease which most nurses will find themselves confronting at some point. It can be extremely debilitating, as well as causing psychological distress to patients. Treatment depends on etiology; it may be successful if the diarrhea is caused by a specific enteric pathogen or a
Human milk was inoculated with human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) or with HIV-1-infected cells in volumes and containers typically used in human milk banks. The inoculated milk was pasteurized at 62.5 degrees C for 30 minutes in a water bath, i.e., conditions currently in use or proposed for human milk pasteu
Brea Hernando AJ; Sacristan Terroba B; Bandres Franco E; Mosquera Lozano JD; Garcia Moreno V; Yanguela Terroba J; Seccion de Medicina Interna II y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital San; Millan, Logrono, La Rioja.
The case of a man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had been intravenous drug abuser is reported. He was investigated because of the presence of both severe upper abdominal pain and raised levels of serum alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase. The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograp
J Cancer Educ. 1993 Spring;8(1):53-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93257312
Murray M; McMillan CL; Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St.; John's, Canada.
The purpose of this study was to consider gender differences in laypeople s beliefs about and explanations of cancer. Over 700 adults answered a questionnaire about their perceptions and explanations of the disease. The majority of respondents identified cancer as the most fearful disease. Women were more frightened o
Tamamura H; Kuroda M; Masuda M; Otaka A; Funakoshi S; Nakashima H; Yamamoto N; Waki M; Matsumoto A; Lancelin JM; et al; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
The solution structure of tachyplesin I, which was isolated from membrane acid extracts of the hemocytes from the Japanese horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus), was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and distance geometry calculation. Tachyplesin I takes an antiparallel beta-sheet structure with a type-
Vassiliadis S; Stravopodis D; Kyrpides N; Grigoriou M; Papamatheakis J; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB),; Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
The transactivating nuclear factor NF-kappa B is believed to be important in the pathophysiology of many cellular systems and mainly during HIV infection. kappa B activation has also been implicated in the process of differentiation as a cell progresses to a more mature and functional stage. As induction of differenti
Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1993 Apr;14(3):199-207. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93257597
Kiriyama A; Mimoto T; Kiso Y; Takada K; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto; Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
Recently, as a new type of anti-AIDS drug, an HIV-1 protease inhibitor, KNI-174, has been synthesized; it shows a potent and selective HIV-1 protease inhibitory activity in vitro. In this study, we developed an HPLC assay system for KNI-174 in rat plasma and examined the pharmacokinetics of KNI-174 in rats using this
Blood. 1993 May 15;81(10):2664-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93257687
Kouri YH; Borkowsky W; Nardi M; Karpatkin S; Basch RS; Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New; York 10016.
Most human megakaryocytes (MGKs) express the CD4 antigen on their surface. Approximately 25% have a CD4 receptor density comparable to that of CD4+ T cells (Basch et al, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:8085, 1990). In these studies, we show: (1) the presence of mRNA for CD4 in human MGKs; (2) the binding of human immunodefi
Blood. 1993 May 15;81(10):2810-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93257707
Sparano JA; Wiernik PH; Strack M; Leaf A; Becker N; Valentine ES; Department of Medical Oncology, Albert Einstein Cancer Center,; Bronx, NY 10467.
Fourteen patients with poor-prognosis intermediate- to high-grade non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (12 patients) or human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection (two patients) received cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2, dox
Morgan OS; Smikle MF; Barton EN; Blattner WA; Department of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Kingston,; Jamaica.
The prevalence of antibodies to Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi was investigated in Jamaicans with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). A significantly higher prevalence of reactive serologic tests for syphilis (STS) was found in TSP patients (35.0%) when compared with controls (14.5%; P
Levi S; Foster C; Hodgson HJ; Ward KN; So A; Garson JA; Waxman J; Swirsky D; Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London.
The low concentration of hepatitis C virus in the blood of infected patients has made it difficult to detect. Infected patients can now be identified by using more sensitive immunoassays and amplification of viral RNA by the polymerase chain reaction. Nevertheless, the virus remains difficult to eliminate. We present
Prasad MV; Shanmugam G; Cancer Biology Division, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai; Kamaraj University Madurai, India.
Co-transfection of HeLa cells with plasmids carrying human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) control elements along with plasmids harboring human retinoblastoma (RB) gene, results in the repression of transactivation of genes linked to HIV elements. Cells transfected with HIV LTR-linked chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (
Lee BL; Wong D; Benowitz NL; Sullam PM; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Caffeine was used to assess acetylation status and indexes of oxidative drug metabolism (demethylation, xanthine oxidation, and 8-hydroxylation) in a control group and in three groups of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who had acute ill
EMBO J. 1993 May;12(5):2119-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93259153
Weichs an der Glon C; Ashe M; Eggermont J; Proudfoot NJ; Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford, UK.
Retroviruses must ensure that poly(A) signals in the 3 LTR are highly active, while identical signals in the 5 LTR are inactive (occluded). In the case of HIV-1, both promoter proximity in the 5 LTR and U3 sequences in the 3 LTR may contribute to this regulation. We have discovered a novel regulatory mechanism for
Billy JO; Tanfer K; Grady WR; Klepinger DH; Battelle Human Affairs Research Center, Seattle.
A nationally representative study of the sexual behavior of men aged 20-39 in the United States shows that the prevalence and frequency of sexual acts (vaginal, anal and oral) and sexual orientation vary by social and demographic characteristics. Analysis of data from 3,321 respondents
Tanfer K; Grady WR; Klepinger DH; Billy JO; Battelle Human Affairs Research Center, Seattle.
A 1991 study of a nationally representative sample of men aged 20-39 finds that 27% of sexually active men had used a condom in the four weeks before interview. Black men are more likely than white men to report condom use (38% vs. 25%), and men younger than 30 are more likely to do so than are those older than 30 (36
Klepinger DH; Billy JO; Tanfer K; Grady WR; Battelle Human Affairs Research Centers, Seattle.
According to a nationally representative sample of 3,321 men aged 20-39 surveyed in 1991, men appear well aware of the severity of AIDS: Nearly all know that AIDS destroys the immune system and that there is no cure for the disease, but a substantial minority do not think that AIDS will necessarily result in pain and
Macon WR; Lo SC; Poiesz BJ; Montefiori DC; Dawson MS; Mason TE; Michael PR; Cohen AG; Davis CM; Cousar JB; et al; Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,; Nashville, TN 37232.
A 35-year-old homosexual man developed a composite nodal Kaposi s sarcoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma that were associated with a peripheral blood CD4-positive lymphocyte count of only 43/mm3. The patient subsequently developed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis and eventually died due to disseminated Cryptococcus ne
The prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria over a three-year period was 3.1% in an urban population in Germany . Nontyphoidal Salmonella spp. (1.8% prevalence) represented 59.3% of all positive isolates, followed by Campylobacter spp., which constituted 22.1% of such isolates. Clo
Shigella bacteremia in adult patients is rare and is usually associated with immunosuppressive diseases. To date, 12 HIV-positive patients with Shigella bacteremia have been reported in the medical literature. We report a case of Shigella dysenteriae bacteremia in a 39-year-old HIV-positive patient. Although the patie
Health Educ Q. 1993 Summer;20(2):261-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93259839
Simon PM; Morse EV; Balson PM; Osofsky HJ; Gaumer HR; Department of Psychiatry, Louisiana State University Medical; Center, New Orleans 70112.
Two hundred eleven male street prostitutes between the ages of 18 and 51 years were interviewed and tested for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Economic, social, and emotional barriers to the reduction of HIV-related risk behavior were examined within the context of several concepts present in the
Tercero JC; Dinman JD; Wickner RB; Section on Genetics of Simple Eukaryotes, National Institute of; Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
The MAK3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes an N-acetyltransferase whose acetylation of the N terminus of the L-A double-stranded RNA virus major coat protein (gag) is necessary for viral assembly. We show that the first 4 amino acids of the L-A gag protein sequence, MLRF, are a portable signal for N-terminal ac
Martin EM; Robertson LC; Sorensen DJ; Jagust WJ; Mallon KF; Chirurgi VA; Department of Neurology, University of California-Davis.
Thirty-seven nondemented HIV-seropositive and 17 seronegative control subjects were administered the Sternberg speed of memory scanning task, a procedure frequently employed to study mental slowing in patients with subcortical dementing disorders. Experimental and control subjects did not differ in speed of memory sca
Andreula CF; Burdi N; Carella A; Department of Neuroradiology, Universita degli studi di Bari,; Italy.
Cryptococcus is a ubiquitous saprophytic fungus that may become pathogenic, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. In the CNS of AIDS patients, the incidence of this fungal infection is 5% of all the opportunistic infections. In this study, we review the MR findings in nine AIDS patients affected by CNS cryptococc
Almond N; Jenkins A; Heath AB; Kitchin P; AIDS Collaborating Centre, National Institute for Biological; Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, U.K.
Three cynomolgus macaques were immunized with recombinant envelope protein preparations derived from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Although humoral and cellular responses were elicited by the immunization regime, all macaques became infected upon challenge with 10 MID50 of the 11/88 virus challenge stock of SIV
Butz AM; Hutton N; Joyner M; Vogelhut J; Greenberg-Friedman D; Schreibeis D; Anderson JR; Johns Hopkins University, School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21205.
The utilization of health care by HIV-seropositive pregnant women and their infants was studied in an indigent urban population. Ninety HIV-seropositive women delivered 99 HIV-exposed infants at the Johns Hopkins Hospital from August 1, 1988, to April 1, 1991. Repeat pregnancies occurred in 17 (18.9%) women during the
De Ferrari E; Gegor CL; Summers L; Paine LL; Anderson JR; Nurse-Midwifery Service, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD.
Primary care for women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is appropriately provided by nurse-midwives within a well-coordinated system of medical consultation and referral. The issues of access to care, partner notification, reproductive choice, and breast-feeding are discussed. The nature of the collabor
De Ferrari E; Paine LL; Gegor CL; Summers L; Anderson JR; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287-1228.
Nurse-midwives at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, in conjunction with their colleagues in obstetrics, pediatrics, and infectious disease, are participating in a demonstration project designed to provide continuity of care for women with HIV disease in pregnancy. In the past 19 months, 73 women have been enrolled in the pr
Legrand-Poels S; Hoebeke M; Vaira D; Rentier B; Piette J; Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Pathology, University of; Liege, Belgium.
Various biological processes, such as photosensitization or inflammatory reactions, can generate singlet oxygen (1O2) as one of the major oxidative species. Because this oxidant can be generated either extracellularly or intracellularly, it can cause severe damage to various biological macromolecules, even to those de
Osborne ML; Kistner JA; Helgemo B; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.
The effectiveness of curricula designed to enhance a child s understanding of AIDS may hinge partially upon incorporating information adjusted to the child s developmental status. Accordingly, we examined the developmental progression of children s understanding of illness transmission in general and AIDS in particula
Santilli LE; Roberts MC; Eastern Maine Medical Center, Bangor.
Assessed the impact of developmental level of illness conceptualization and degree of assigned responsibility on children s reactions to ill peers. Accounts of hypothetical peers were manipulated in a multivariate design with three levels of Disease Label (AIDS vs. cystic fibrosis vs. no label) and two levels of Respo
De Loye GJ; Henggeler SW; Daniels CM; United States International University, San Diego.
Assessed developmental and family variables associated with children s knowledge of and emotional attitudes toward AIDS. Participants included 65 first to sixth graders from two private elementary schools and their mothers. Between-groups comparisons showed that children knowledgeable about AIDS were older and had mor
Sigelman CK; Derenowski EB; Mullaney HA; Siders AT; Department of Psychology, George Washington University,; Washington, DC 20052.
Examined, in a sample of 170 students in Grades 1-12, relationships between parental background and socialization variables and children s knowledge of AIDS risk factors and willingness to interact with people who have AIDS. Most parents had talked to their children about AIDS and supported early AIDS education, but w
Katagiri N; Pharmaceutical Institute, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Recent studies on the synthesis of highly modified nucleosides, especially carbocyclic nucleosides, aiming at creating anti-HIV agents have been reviewed. The review includes new methods for the synthesis of carbocyclic C-nucleosides and carbocyclic N-nucleosides including carbocyclic oxetanocin and its analogues deve
Kurawige JB; Gatsinzi T; Kleinfeldt V; Rehle T; Bulterys M; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National University; of Rwanda, Butare.
In order to investigate the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection and protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), all 101 malnourished children who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of the National University Hospital between February and July of 1989 (median age = 2.5 years), and who
Kaito K; Masuoka H; Kobayashi M; Nishiwaki K; Shimada T; Yoshida M; Ochiai S; Katayama T; Sakai O; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Jikei; University School of Medicine.
Ciclosporine (CS) caused rapid improvement of anemia and increase of CD 4/8 ratio in two patients with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). One case was a 45 year old female who were unresponsive to steroids, plasmapheresis and high dose cyclophosphamide, and another was a 61 years old man with diabetes mellitus (DM) without
Schaalma HP; Peters L; Kok G; Dept. of Health Education, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The; Netherlands.
AIDS education emphasizing personal responsibility toward AIDS-inducing behavior might enhance negative reactions to people with AIDS. This study, based on Weiner s attributional theory of motivation and emotion, addressed this dilemma by reporting data from a sample of 1,018 Dutch secondary school students. Results s
Hommes MJ; Romijn JA; Endert E; Adriaanse R; Brabant G; Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK; Wiersinga WM; Sauerwein HP; Department of Endocrinology, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
Thyroid function and regulation were studied in 14 consecutive male outpatients with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (CDC II/III, n = 8) or AIDS (CDC IV, n = 6) who were free of concomitant infections and hepatic dysfunction, and in eight healthy, age- and weight-matched male controls. Blood
With the increase in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence amongst women attending the antenatal clinic in the UK it is essential that women are adequately prepared to make an informed decision about being tested for HIV and to receive the result of such testing. This paper discusses the purpose of testing
From 1980 through 1990, the cumulative incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the District of Columbia (DC) (2713 cases per 100,000 persons) was approximately eight times that of the surrounding metropolitan area (340 per 100,000) (1). From 1980 through 1986, the AIDS epidemic primarily involved men
Tyor WR; Glass JD; Baumrind N; McArthur JC; Griffin JW; Becker PS; Griffin DE; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Macrophages are frequently present within the periaxonal and intramyelinic vacuoles that are located primarily in the posterior and lateral funiculi of the thoracic spinal cord in HIV-associated vacuolar myelopathy. But the role of these macrophages in the formation of the vacuoles is unclear. One hypothesis is that c
Simpson DM; Citak KA; Godfrey E; Godbold J; Wolfe DE; Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York,; NY.
Myopathy may occur as a complication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection or from its treatment, zidovudine (ZDV). We reviewed our experience with HIV-infected subjects referred for neuromuscular evaluation and compared features of myopathy in ZDV-treated (+ZDV) and untreated (-ZDV) patients. Fifty p
The authors gave recombinant human erythropoietin to four anaemic patients with HIV-infection treated with zidovudine. After erythropoietin administration an increase in haemoglobin, erythrocytes and haematocrit was observed and patients could continue AZ
Crosato IM; Tirelli U; Vaccher E; Clerici M; De Lalla F; Faustini M; Gritti F; Lazzarin A; Magnani G; Marini B; et al; Divisione di Oncologia Medica e AIDS, Ospedale S. Carlo Borromeo,; Milano.
Between December 1986 and December 1991, the Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS-related tumours documented 94 HIV related solid tumours. Of 21 germinal testicular tumours collected, ten were seminomas. Cervical carcinoma was observed observed in 28 IVDAs (intraepithelial in 8 and advanced, with rapid progression, in on
Luzzati R; Cazzadori A; Malena M; Mazzi R; Danzi MC; Ciaffoni S; Concia E; Bassetti D; Istituto di Malattie Infettive, Universita di Verona.
The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the correlation between T-cell immunity and pulmonary disorders in a group of Italian subjects with HIV infection. HIV-infected patients seen at the Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Verona, were included in this study if they had a specific acute pneumo
Nurs Health Care. 1993 Mar;14(3):118. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93261641
The Coalition for Immigrant and Refugee Rights and Services in San Francisco drafted a national sign-on letter to President Clinton, urging immediate action to end the mandatory HIV testing and exclusion of immigrants to the U.S. The Coalition, with the support of the American Civil Liberties Union, has asked for our
Three cases of extrapulmonary disseminated Pneumocystis carinii infection are reported. All 3 patients had HIV infection with less than 50 CD4 lymphocytes per cubic millimeter and were having aerosols of pentamidine as prophylactic treatment of pneumocystosis. P. carinii may invade numerous organs and in particular th
Ellenberg SS; Myers MW; Blackwelder WC; Hoth DF; Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Randomized clinical trials are being conducted and/or sponsored by all scientific divisions of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). External committees to review the progress of ongoing trials and to make recommendations to the Institute concerning continuation or termination are an integ
Stat Med. 1993 Mar;12(5-6):509-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262314
Buyse M; International Institute for Drug Development (ID2), Brussels,; Belgium.
A survey was carried out to identify the current policies of European cooperative groups with respect to interim analyses, stopping rules and data monitoring of ongoing clinical trials. The policies differ widely, from informal interim analyses distributed among all participating investigators, to planned interim anal
Science. 1993 May 14;260(5110):976-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262436
Patterson BK; Till M; Otto P; Goolsby C; Furtado MR; McBride LJ; Wolinsky SM; Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, IL 60611.
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) DNA and messenger RNA sequences in both cell lines and blood obtained directly from HIV-1-infected patients were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and hybridized to fluorescein-labeled probes in situ, and the individually labeled cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. A
Science. 1993 May 14;260(5110):979-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262437
Brady RL; Dodson EJ; Dodson GG; Lange G; Davis SJ; Williams AF; Barclay AN; Department of Chemistry, University of York, United Kingdom.
The CD4 antigen is a membrane glycoprotein of T lymphocytes that interacts with major histocompatibility complex class II antigens and is also a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus. the extracellular portion of CD4 is predicted to fold into four immunoglobulin-like domains. The crystal structure of the third
Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1273-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262484
Weiss RA; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
Many questions have been posed about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pathogenesis. Is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) both necessary and sufficient to cause AIDS? Is AIDS essentially an autoimmune disease, triggering apoptosis, or is virus infection the cause of T helper lymphocyte depletion? What is the
Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1279-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262485
Haynes BF; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
Development of a preventive immunogen for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a national priority. The complexities associated with HIV host-virus interactions, coupled with the rapid progression of the HIV epidemic worldwide, have necessitated lowering expectations for an HIV vaccine that is 100 percent e
Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1320-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262489
Howcroft TK; Strebel K; Martin MA; Singer DS; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules are the major receptors for viral peptides and serve as targets for specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) specifically decreased activity of an MHC class I gene promoter up to 12-fold. Repression was effected by the HIV-1
Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1323-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262490
Marx PA; Compans RW; Gettie A; Staas JK; Gilley RM; Mulligan MJ; Yamschikov GV; Chen D; Eldridge JH; New Mexico Regional Primate Research Laboratory, New Mexico State; University, Holloman Air Force Base 88330.
Although protection in animal models against intravenous challenges with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) has been reported, no previous vaccines have protected against a heterosexual route of infection. In this study, five of six macaques were protected against vaginal challenge when immunized with formalin-treate
Vukovic B; Seguljev Z; Stefanovic S; Petrovic M; Nikolic V; Pokrajinski zavod za zdravstvenu zastitu, Odeljenje za; epidemiologiju, Novi Sad.
The study of HIV infection in the population of Vojvodina was carried out in the period 1985-1991. The results obtained by the seroepidemiologic examination of some epidemiologically important groups of populations and recorded cases of AIDS are compared. It has been found that the seroepidemiologic examinations, in s
Women Health. 1993;20(1):69-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262857
McCoy HV; Inciardi JA; Department of Public Health, College of Health, Florida; International University, North Miami 33181.
Female sexual partners of injection drug users are at risk for AIDS because of their association with street drug cultures and all their concomitant risks, including their own non-injecting drug use. This study examines a model of the social determinants of HIV-associated sexual risk behaviors. Multiple linear regress
Am J Hematol. 1993 Apr;42(4):375-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93263136
Bray GL; Kroner BL; Arkin S; Aledort LW; Hilgartner MW; Eyster ME; Ragni MV; Goedert JJ; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's National Medical; Center, Washington, DC 20010.
To evaluate the effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection on the loss of factor VIII alloantibodies, we identified 77 patients with a history of inhibitors from among a large cohort of HIV-1-infected participants enrolled in a natural history study of HIV-1 infection in hemophilia. Fifty-six pat
Am J Hematol. 1993 Apr;42(4):392-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93263140
Wong KF; Ma SK; Chan JK; Lam KW; Institute of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong; Kong.
Disseminated cryptococcal infection is an uncommon initial manifestation in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The most common sites of involvement by cryptococci are the central nervous system and the lungs, and involvement of the marrow is rare. There are few descriptions in the literature on the
Am J Psychiatry. 1993 Jun;150(6):922-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93263245
Bornstein RA; Pace P; Rosenberger P; Nasrallah HA; Para MF; Whitacre CC; Fass RJ; Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University College of; Medicine.
OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the effect of depression on neuropsychological performance in HIV-infected men. Previous studies have suggested that depression may account for the neuropsychological abnormalities observed in some patients with HIV infection, but few studies have specifically examined this question. ME
Am J Psychiatry. 1993 Jun;150(6):972-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93263257
McKinnon K; Cournos F; Meyer-Bahlburg HF; Guido JR; Caraballo LR; Margoshes ES; Herman R; Gruen RS; Exner TM; Washington Heights Community Service Research Office, New York,; NY.
Test-retest interviews examining recent sexual activity were administered to 27 severely ill psychiatric patients after stabilization. Three reports were judged to be questionable. For the 16 sexually active patients among the remaining 24, high test-retest reliability was found for number of sexual partners, frequenc
Am J Dermatopathol. 1993 Apr;15(2):146-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93263298
Helton J; Loveless M; White CR Jr; Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health Sciences University,; Portland 97201.
Cutaneous Acanthamoeba infection is a rare complication of immunocompromised individuals including those having acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who often have concurrent central nervous system involvement. Acanthamoeba typically involves the skin and central nervous system by disseminating from a primary fo
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Mar 20;677:50-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93263485
Kagan J; Gelman R; Waxdal M; Kidd P; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Mar 20;677:53-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93263486
Rickman WJ; Monical C; Waxdal MJ; Department of Diagnostic Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army; Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia 20307.
Kageyama S; Mimoto T; Murakawa Y; Nomizu M; Ford H Jr; Shirasaka T; Gulnik S; Erickson J; Takada K; Hayashi H; et al; Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
Transition state mimetic tripeptide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors containing allophenylnorstatine [(2S,3S)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyric acid] were synthesized and tested for activity against HIV in vitro. Two compounds, KNI-227 and KNI-
Lupia RH; Ferencz N; Lertora JJ; Aggarwal SK; George WJ; Agrawal KC; Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine,; New Orleans, Louisiana 70112.
The pharmacokinetics of two prodrugs of zidovudine ( AZT ), 1,4-dihydro-1-methyl-3-[(pyridylcarbonyl)oxy] ester and isoleucinyl ester (DPAZT and IAZT, respectively), were investigated in a rabbit model to determine their potential utility as drugs again
Erice A; Balfour HH Jr; Myers DE; Leske VL; Sannerud KJ; Kuebelbeck V; Irvin JD; Uckun FM; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota Health; Sciences Center, Minneapolis 55455.
The ability of an alpha CD4-pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) immunoconjugate to inhibit replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was evaluated in vitro with 22 clinical HIV-1 strains obtained from four seropositive asymptomatic individuals, three patients with AIDS-related complex, and four patients
Brasseur P; Lemeteil D; Ballet JJ; Department of Parasitology, Hopital Charles Nicolle, Rouen,; France.
An immunosuppressed rat model was used to investigate the anti-Cryptosporidium parvum activity of sinefungin. In infected animals, oral sinefungin therapy resulted in a dose-related suppression of oocyst shedding, which correlated with oocyst disappearance from ileal sections. When administered prior to or on the day
Swanson B; Cronin-Stubbs D; Zeller JM; Kessler HA; Bieliauskas LA; Department of Medical Nursing, Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's; Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
The findings of studies that use psychoneuroimmunological frameworks can help nurses evaluate and treat patients psychological and physical responses to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). One response to HIV infection, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) deme
Swanson B; Cronin-Stubbs D; Zeller JM; Kessler HA; Bieliauskas LA; Department of Medical Nursing, Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's; Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
Neuropsychological impairment has been reported to occur in persons at all stages of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the findings of studies to characterize the incidence and pattern of impairment have been limited by inconsistent definitions of impairment and the failure to control for
Aris A; Pomar JL; Saura E; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant; Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
To prove the hypothesis that cardiopulmonary bypass may accelerate the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the human immunodeficiency virus carrier, the clinical course of 40 patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus who underwent cardiac operations between 1986 and 1992 was analyzed,
Haas JS; Weissman JS; Cleary PD; Goldberg J; Gatsonis C; Seage GR 3d; Fowler FJ Jr; Massagli MP; Makadon HJ; Epstein AM; Section on Health Services and Policy Research, Brigham and; Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the determinants of communication about resuscitation between persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and their physician. DESIGN AND SETTING: Structured patient interview at a staff-model health maintenance organization (HMO), an internal medicine group practice at a private teach
Br Dent J. 1993 May 22;174(10):371-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93264119
Humphris GM; Morrison T; Horne L; Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Liverpool.
The advent of the HIV pandemic has necessitated the introduction of consistent cross-infection procedures for dentistry. Suprisingly little is known of patient reactions to some of these changes. A structured questionnaire was administered (in 1988/9, n = 613) to regular-attending patients of an industrial dental serv
Blay JY; Lasset C; Carrie C; Chauvin F; Coiffier B; Gisselbrecht C; Clavel M; Rebattu P; Brunat-Mentigny M; Philip T; et al; Department de Chimiotherapie massive et de greffe de moelle,; Centre Leon, Berard, France.
Between 1982 and 1991, 41 patients were treated for non HIV related primary cerebral lymphoma (PCL) in our institute. The purpose of this study was to perform a multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for survival in these patients. The presence of a CSF protein level over 0.6 g l-1 at diagnosis was found to be th
Int Immunol. 1993 Apr;5(4):345-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93264338
Koyano-Nakagawa N; Nishida J; Arai N; Arai K; Yokota T; Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, University of; Tokyo, Japan.
Functional elements in the promoter region of the mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene were assessed by constructing chimeric promoters linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene and by employing a transient transfection assay of human T cell leukemia Jurkat ce
Stern SJ; Suen JY; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock.
Salivary gland cancers continue to pose both diagnostic and treatment dilemmas. Over the past year, a great deal has been written concerning salivary gland tumors in children, fine needle aspiration for salivary gland neoplasms, prognostic factors, and pathologic evaluation and treatment. Some of the more important fi
Antisense Res Dev. 1993 Spring;3(1):19-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93264762
Stein CA; Cleary AM; Yakubov L; Lederman S; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Although having variability in primary sequence, the v3 loop of gp120 in pathogenic strains of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is positively charged and known to interact with sulfated polysaccharides. Because the interaction of sulfated polysaccharides with the v3 loop inhibits HIV infection in vitro, we
For the biological and therapeutic application of antisense nucleic acids, there is a need to identify effective local target regions of given cellular target mRNAs or viral single-stranded nucleic acids. One critical parameter for the effectiveness of antisense nucleic acids could be the potential of intramolecular f
Antisense Res Dev. 1993 Spring;3(1):87-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93264769
Dropulic B; Elkins DA; Rossi JJ; Sarver N; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Brenner T; Yamin A; Abramsky O; Gallily R; Department of Neurology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem,; Israel.
Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and other cytokines and eicosanoids in the central nervous system (CNS) have been noted in several human neurologic diseases, including multiple sclerosis and AIDS dementia . Recently it was shown that glial cells, especiall
Weir JP; Meltzer MS; Department of Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
To investigate the expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genes in human monocytes, a DNA transfection system was developed and characterized using cultured primary monocytes. Monocytes that were cultured 6-7 days in an adherent monolayer were efficiently recovered and transfected by electroporation with an
Mycobacterial isolates from blood and other extrapulmonary sites of six patients with AIDS were investigated because the isolates grew only in liquid media and failed to grow on solid culture media even on subculturing. Our investigations indicated that these mycobacteria possess common, but unusual, characteristics a
Griffith BP; Chacko TM; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
The performance of peptide-, recombinant protein-, and whole virus lysate-based enzyme immunosorbent assays (EIAs) for the detection of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was compared on a panel of 245 routine samples, a panel of low-positive samples, four seroconversion panels, and serial d
FEBS Lett. 1993 May 24;323(1-2):68-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93265946
Klasse J; Pipkorn R; Blomberg J; Han KH; Hilton B; Ferretti JA; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Lund, Sweden.
A point mutation (Ala-589 to Thr) in the transmembrane protein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been shown to decrease the sensitivity of the virus to the neutralizing effect of human HIV-1 specific antibodies [(1990) J. Virol. 64, 3240-3248]. Here 17-residue peptides with the parental and mutant
Trauger RJ; Giermakowska WK; Ferre F; Duffy PC; Wallace MR; Lewis DE; Beecham HJ; Burnett KG; Jensen FC; Carlo DJ; Immune Response Corporation, Carlsbad, CA 92008.
Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) was assessed in a blinded fashion for a patient group (n = 79) representing Walter Reed (WR) stages 1-6. At the same time, viral load was quantitatively measured by two different methods, specifically, virus isolation and HIV viral DNA copy number
Bussing R; Burket RC; Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville.
OBJECTIVE: The 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R anxiety disorders and intrafamilial stress ratings were determined in 23 children with hemophilia, 37 children with asthma, and 31 healthy children. METHOD: Diagnoses were made using the parent and child versions of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizop
Hayashi T; Ueno Y; Okamoto T; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo, Japan.
We have investigated an oxidoreductive regulatory pathway for the DNA binding activity of a pleiotropic cellular transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B), has been investigated by using NF kappa B prepared from the nucleus and the cytosol of the primary human T lymphocytes. We show that a cellular red
Semple MG; Kaye S; Loveday C; Tedder RS; Division of Virology, University College and Middlesex School of; Medicine, London, UK.
Accurate measures of inhibition of virus replication are needed to evaluate the efficacy of antiretroviral agents in large clinical trials. We describe an accurate, economical and rapid method for the direct detection and quantification of cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type -1 (HIV-1) in serum or plasma. The
Perriens JH; Magazani K; Kapila N; Konde M; Selemani U; Piot P; van der Groen G; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine,; Antwerp Belgium.
Pools with a size of 3 and 5 were prepared by mixing one HIV confirmed HIV-1 seropositive serum with either 2 or 4 HIV seronegative sera at the Regional HIV Laboratory in Lubumbashi, Zaire . These pools were assessed in a blind fashion by ELISA (Vironostika anti-HTLV-III microELISA
Agbarakwe AE; Misbah SA; Griffiths H; Chapel HM; Department of Immunology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford.
Serum samples from 30 HIV seronegative patients were treated with beta propiolactone (BPL) to determine whether BPL interfaces with ELISA for specific antibodies against protein and carbohydrate antigens. BPL had no discernible effect on specific antibody measurements by ELISA. With the measuring need for specific ant
LeBoit PE; Cockerell CJ; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0506.
BACKGROUND: Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare, chronic form of cutaneous vasculitis that can result in fibrosis. Four patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) had unusual nodular lesions of EED. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to document the occurrence of these lesions in HIV-infected patient
Dupuy J; Price M; Lynch G; Bruce S; Schwartz M; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.
BACKGROUND: Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is the most common neoplasm in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To date, no therapy has proved to be consistently effective. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intralesional interferon-alpha in patients with epidemic KS who wer
Wilkins R; Lewis C; Family and Young Persons Unit, Reading, UK.
Researchers are divided over the significance of teenagers expressed fear of nuclear war. This study of 3556 secondary school pupils examined whether (1) fear of nuclear war remains a feature of adolescent concern during the current east-west detente; (2) the examination of responses in a large sample reveals age and
Layzell S; McCarthy M; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College,; London and Middlesex School of Medicine, England.
Improved management of HIV-related illness means that patients spend over 80% of their time in non-institutional settings. Most community-based health care in the United Kingdom is provided by primary health care teams: general practitioners and community nurses, with support from soci
J Immunol. 1993 Jun 1;150(11):5202-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267123
Ramilo O; Bell KD; Uhr JW; Vitetta ES; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical, Center, Dallas 75235-9048.
T cell activation plays a major role in the ability of the HIV to remain latent or establish a productive infection. The alpha-chain of the IL-2R (CD25, Tac, p55) is expressed on activated but not resting T cells and therefore represents an ideal marker to distinguish activated from resting T cells. The present studie
Barzan L; Tavio M; Tirelli U; Comoretto R; Division of Otolaryngology, Ospedale Civile of Pordenone, Aviano,; Italy.
The ENT manifestations of HIV infection are well known and the findings in AIDS patients have been described, nevertheless there are no reports of the frequency of head and neck involvement during the various stages of the disease. From 1987 to 1991, 210 HIV positive patients had ENT evaluation without symptoms-relate
Hald J; Larsen PL; ENT University Clinic, Gentofte County Hospital, Hellerup,; Denmark.
A nasopharyngeal carcinoma was the first event in an otherwise symptom free HIV person. No reports of simultaneous nasopharyngeal carcinoma and HIV infection are known to us. A 46-year-homosexual man was admitted to the ENT department with a three week history of pain in the throat referred to the left ear. He was fou
The frequencies of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-specific CD8+ precursor cytotoxic T lymphocytes (pCTL) were quantitated from lymphocytes obtained from the peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of infected individuals with and without HTLV-1-associated neurological disease. An estimate of th
Hu J; Kindsvogel W; Busby S; Bailey MC; Shi YY; Greenberg PD; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
A major obstacle to the development of T cell therapy for the treatment of human tumors has been the difficulty generating T cells specifically reactive with the tumor. Most of the characterized human tumor antigens have been classified as tumor associated, because of demonstrable expression at low levels in some norm
J Community Health Nurs. 1993;10(1):39-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267283
Salsberry PJ; Nickel JT; O'Connell M; Reynolds NR; Brady DL; Bentz PR; College of Nursing, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
The AIDS epidemic has challenged communities to develop and mobilize care networks for persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A major part of that mobilization has been a push toward community- and home-based services. The movement of HIV care to the home/community setting is occurring, however,
Ryder RW; Oxtoby MJ; Mvula M; Batter V; Baende E; Nsa W; Davachi F; Hassig S; Onorato I; Deforest A; et al; Department of Public Health, Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and immunogenicity of childhood vaccines in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. DESIGN: Nonrandomized, prospective cohort study; 12-month follow-up period. SETTING: Obstetric wards and outpatient pediatric clinics at two large hos
Hostoffer RW; Litman A; Smith PG; Jacobs HS; Tosi MF; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School; of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
A term infant without infection by human immunodeficiency virus had pneumocystis pneumonia at 17 days of life. Initial counts of T lymphocytes carrying the CD4 antigen were approximately 50% of the lower limits of normal; later the counts of T lymphocytes carrying the CD3 and CD8 antigens decreased as well. By 7 weeks
Moscicki AB; Millstein SG; Broering J; Irwin CE Jr; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San; Francisco.
This study was performed to identify specific high-risk behaviors, such as unprotected oral, anal, and vaginal intercourse and substance abuse, associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection among adolescents attending three diverse clinics located in a localized geographic area: a university-based clinic, a P
Transcription from the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) was shown to be inhibited by DNA CpG methylation both in vivo and in vitro. Enzymatic methylation of CpG sites localized within the LTR decreased the transcription of the CAT reporter gene, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, as assayed by the transient expression
Echetebu CO; Rice AP; Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine,; Houston, Texas 77030.
The transactivator proteins of HIV-1 and HIV-2, Tat-1 and Tat-2, are highly homologous in the center of each molecule but are divergent in the amino and carboxy termini. The structure of Tat-1 has been extensively characterized by mutagenesis studies, whereas little is as yet known specifically about the structure of
Croix DA; Yeh HY; Sedlacek J; Luftig RB; Gottlieb PD; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas, Austin.
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against HIV-1 protease (HIV PR), the essential protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), were produced in Armenian hamsters. Studies of direct binding to synthetic peptides and inhibition of binding to intact protease by peptide competition showed that five mAbs recognized a
Godfrey E; Stanley K; Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital,; Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114.
Clinical trials are of paramount importance for the development and evaluation of new therapies for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. The objective of an HIV clinical research unit is to conduct high quality clinical research with patients who have HIV disease. The conduct of these research stu
Moore PS; Allen S; Sowell AL; Van de Perre P; Huff DL; Serufilira A; Nsengumuremyi F; Hulley SB; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
To investigate nutritional status and heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, we performed a nested case-control study of sexually active, adult women in Kigali, Rwanda . Forty-five women who seroconverted during the 24-month study period were compared to 74 wo
Bastian L; Bennett CL; Adams J; Waskin H; Divine G; Edlin BR; Department of Health Services Research and Development, Durham; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, NC 27705.
Although women make up the fastest growing group of persons with AIDS, studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons reported to date have included predominantly or exclusively men. We evaluated sex differences in sociodemographic characteristics, hospital characteristics, in-hospital resource use, an
Solinger AM; Hess EV; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical; Center, OH 45267.
There have been many reports of an association of certain musculoskeletal disorders especially Reiter s syndrome and psoriatic arthritis with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A review of the first 1,100 HIV positive patients at the University of Cincinnati AIDS Clinic and Treatment Center has revealed 9 w
A series of phosphonoalkenyl and (phosphonoalkenyl)oxy derivatives of purines and a pyrimidine were synthesized. These compounds are the first reported acyclonucleotides which incorporate the alpha,beta-unsaturated phosphonic acid moiety as the phosphate mimic and include compounds in which the acyclic substituent is
J Med Chem. 1993 Mar 5;36(5):519-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267615
Kim HO; Schinazi RF; Shanmuganathan K; Jeong LS; Beach JW; Nampalli S; Cannon DL; Chu CK; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy,; University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
In order to study the structure-activity relationships of L-(2S,4S)- and L-(2S,4R)-dioxolanyl nucleoside as potential anti-HIV agents, various enantiomerically pure L-(2S,4S)- and (2S,4R)-dioxolanylpyrimidine and -purine nucleosides have been synthesized and evaluated against HIV-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclea
Shervington DO; Department of Psychiatry, Louisiana State University Medical; Center, New Orleans 70112-2822.
Among women, African Americans are at the highest risk for contracting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Unfortunately, the majority of African-American women do not perceive themselves to be at risk nor perceive the need to engage in safe-sex practices. Given the alarming rate of increase of HIV disease among A
Johnston PB; Dubay JW; Hunter E; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
We have investigated how truncation of the cytoplasmic domain of the transmembrane (TM) glycoprotein of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) modulates the host range of this virus. Termination codons were introduced into the env gene of SIVmac239 which resulted in the truncation of the transmembrane protein from a wild
Griffiths JC; Harris SJ; Layton GT; Berrie EL; French TJ; Burns NR; Adams SE; Kingsman AJ; British Bio-technology Ltd., Cowley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
In attempts to increase the immunogenicity of recombinant antigens, a number of particulate antigen presentation systems have been developed. In this study, we used human immunodeficiency virus Gag particles as carriers for the human immunodeficiency virus envelope V3 region. Gag:V3 fusion proteins were expressed from
Jiang M; Mak J; Ladha A; Cohen E; Klein M; Rovinski B; Kleiman L; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We have identified the tRNAs which are incorporated into both wild-type human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strain IIIB (HIV-1IIIB) produced in COS-7 cells transfected with HIV-1 proviral DNA and mutant, noninfectious HIV-1Lai particles produced in a genetically engineered Vero cell line. The mutant proviral DNA conta
Schwartz O; Riviere Y; Heard JM; Danos O; Laboratoire Retrovirus et Transfert Genetique, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France.
nef genes from two laboratory grown human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains and from two proviruses that had not been propagated in vitro were introduced into CD4+ lymphoblastoid CEM cells. The stable expression of all four Nef proteins was associated with an almost complete abrogation of CD4 cell surface
Zhang LQ; MacKenzie P; Cleland A; Holmes EC; Brown AJ; Simmonds P; Centre for HIV Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh,; United Kingdom.
Viral RNA was extracted from plasma samples collected from five individuals during the period of viremia before seroconversion in primary infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Nucleotide sequence analysis of amplified DNA from the V3 and V4 hypervariable
Netter HJ; Kajino K; Taylor JM; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111.
Human hepatitis delta virus (HDV), obtained from the serum of an experimentally infected woodchuck, was injected into either the peritoneal cavity or the tail vein of both adult CB17 mice and mice with a severe combined immunodeficiency (CB17-scid mice). Three lines of evidence indicated that the virus was able to rea
Chada S; DeJesus CE; Townsend K; Lee WT; Laube L; Jolly DJ; Chang SM; Warner JF; Department of Molecular Virology, Viagene Inc., San Diego,; California 92121.
To evaluate the ability of murine anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) IIIB env cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to recognize and lyse HIV-1-infected cells, we have constructed a human cell line (Hu/Dd) expressing both the CD4 receptor and the murine H-2Dd major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I protei
Luo Y; Peterlin BM; Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute,; University of California, San Francisco 94143.
trans activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat requires that the viral trans activator Tat interact with the trans-acting responsive region (TAR) RNA. Although the N-terminal 47 amino acids represent an independent activation domain that functions via heterologous nucleic acid-binding
Decroly E; Cornet B; Martin I; Ruysschaert JM; Vandenbranden M; Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique des Macromolecules aux; Interfaces, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
The secondary structure of the precursor (gp160) of the envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (BH10) and its receptor-binding subunit (gp120) was studied by Fourier-transformed attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. A higher alpha-helix/beta-sheet ratio in the gp120 subunit than in the precursor i
Morikawa Y; Barsov E; Jones I; NERC Institute of Virology, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Coexpression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoproteins with the subtilisin-like protease furin leads to processing of gp160 and gp140, a truncated form of gp160, to gp120. In addition, we show that gp120 itself is further cleaved by furin at sites near the primary cleavage site and within the V3 loop.
Chen SS; Lee CN; Lee WR; McIntosh K; Lee TH; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; Massachusetts.
The N-terminal region of the envelope (env) transmembrane protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has a leucine zipper-like motif. This highly conserved zipper motif, which consists of a heptad repeat of leucine or isoleucine residues, has been suggested to play a role in HIV-1 env glycoprotein oligomer
Luban J; Lee C; Goff SP; Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons,; Columbia University, New York 10032.
We have expressed the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease (PR) in bacteria as a Gag-PR polyprotein (J. Luban and S.P. Goff, J. Virol. 65:3203-3212, 1991). The protein displays enzymatic activity, cleaving the Gag polyprotein precursor Pr55gag to the expected products. The PR enzyme is only active as a
Willey RL; Martin MA; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Many regions within the envelope of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that affect its structure and function have been identified. We have previously reported that the interaction of the second conserved (C2) and third variable (V3) regions of gp120 influences the ability of HIV-1 to establish a productive i
Boyd MT; Simpson GR; Cann AJ; Johnson MA; Weiss RA; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
Specific point mutations which affect viral tropism have been identified in both the V3 loop and in the CD4-binding region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 surface glycoprotein gp120. Here we report that a single point mutation in the first variable region (V1) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strain J
Moore JP; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
The CDR-3 region of CD4 has been proposed to be involved in the fusion reaction between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and CD4+ cells, either at a stage involving virus binding or subsequent to virus binding. Part of the evidence for this has been the observation that monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to CDR-3
Sullivan N; Thali M; Furman C; Ho DD; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; New York, New York.
The contributions of the first and second variable regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 glycoprotein to envelope glycoprotein structure, function, and recognition by a neutralizing antibody were studied. Several mutants with substitutions in the V2 loop demonstrated complete dissociation of the gp1
JAMA. 1993 Jun 9;269(22):2860-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267853
Clemetson DB; Moss GB; Willerford DM; Hensel M; Emonyi W; Holmes KK; Plummer F; Ndinya-Achola J; Roberts PL; Hillier S; et al; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
OBJECTIVE--Factors that influence heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), including sexually transmitted diseases, contraceptive practices, sexual practices, HIV-related immunosuppression, and presence of cervical ectopy and the penile foreskin, have been identified through cross-sectional
JAMA. 1993 Jun 9;269(22):2865-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267854
Braun MM; Cote TR; Rabkin CS; Environmental Studies Section, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Md.
OBJECTIVE--To describe and analyze recent changes in tuberculosis mortality in the United States during the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. DESIGN--We used National Center for Health Statistics multiple-cause mortality data and analyzed deaths with tuberculosis (198
JAMA. 1993 Jun 9;269(22):2876-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267856
Roy MJ; Damato JJ; Burke DS; Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Army Medical Center,; Washington, DC 20307.
OBJECTIVES--First, to determine whether there is evidence for loss of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody in seroreactive individuals. Second, if true seroreversion occurs, to determine its incidence relative to errors in the testing process. DESIGN--A retrospective cohort study reviewing the results
JAMA. 1993 Jun 9;269(22):2887-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267858
Conway GA; Epstein MR; Hayman CR; Miller CA; Wendell DA; Gwinn M; Karon JM; Petersen LR; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,; Atlanta, GA 30333.
OBJECTIVE--To describe trends in the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among socially and educationally disadvantaged US youth. DESIGN--Analysis of demographic and geographic trends of HIV infection among Job Corps students from January 1988 through December 1992. SETTING--The Job Corps is a national tr
JAMA. 1993 Jun 9;269(22):2890-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267859
Eisenhandler J; Drucker E; Empire Blue Cross and Blue Shield, New York, NY 10017.
OBJECTIVE--To estimate the prevalence of opiate use among the subscribers of a large private insurance plan, Empire Blue Cross and Blue Shield (EBCBS). DESIGN--Six and a half million hospital inpatient claims for the period January 1, 1982, through June 30, 1992, were reviewed. Thirty-one thousand eight hundred ten di
Soriano V; Concheiro Carro L; Gutierrez M; Tuset C; Martinez-Zapico R; Ortiz de Lejarazu R; Gonzalez A; Aguilera A; Codina G; Ulloa F; et al; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos; III, Madrid.
BACKGROUND: The Western blot (WB) is the most commonly used test to confirm the presence of antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Different criteria of interpretation of the band profile have been proposed with there being no unanimity as to its reliability. The sensitivity and specificit
Med Clin (Barc). 1993 May 1;100(17):651-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93268002
Asensi V; Carton JA; Maradona JA; de Ona M; Melon S; Martinez A; Asensi JM; Villar H; Mendez FJ; Arribas JM; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Central de Asturias,; Universidad de Oviedo.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the value of the Toxoplasma gondii culture in blood and in other organic fluids in HIV positive and negative patients. METHODS: Retrospective analysis (October 1990-May 1992) was carried out including all patients with positive cultures for T. gondii admitted to the H
Lindsay MK; Grant J; Peterson HB; Risby J; Williams H; Klein L; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University,; Atlanta, Georgia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection risk factors and the relationship to the clinical diagnosis in women seen in a busy inner-city gynecology emergency department. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional survey by offering routine voluntary HIV-1 antibody screening and ob
Public Health Rep. 1993 May-Jun;108(3):273-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93268836
Arnow PM; Chou T; Shapiro R; Sussman EJ; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Hospitals, IL; 60637.
The spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from a Florida dentist with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to several of his patients has generated considerable concern about the risk of HIV transmission during dental treatment. Accordingly, self-reporting of HIV infection and subsequent AIDS by a dentist
Public Health Rep. 1993 May-Jun;108(3):285-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93268838
Lenker SL; Lubeck DP; Vosler A; Santa Clara County Health Department, San Jose, CA 95128.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has placed enormous strains on health care and social services delivery. The authors studied the response to the epidemic by a local health jurisdiction in an area of moderate incidence. The area recorded about 1,000 cumulative cases of acquired immunodeficiency virus sy
Public Health Rep. 1993 May-Jun;108(3):294-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93268839
Valdiserri RO; Jones TS; West GR; Campbell CH Jr; Thompson PI; CDC, NCPS, Atlanta, GA 30333.
In 1990, nearly 1.5 million human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody tests were performed at publicly funded sites. Eight percent of those tests were performed for self-identified illegal injecting drug users (IDU). The authors examined data from 28 project areas using a client record data base that permitted an an
Public Health Rep. 1993 May-Jun;108(3):298-304. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93268840
Flaskerud JH; Uman G; School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024-1702.
In 1988 and again in 1990, the National Center for Health Statistics conducted a survey of the AIDS related knowledge and beliefs of Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults in the United States . A survey of Los Angeles Hispanic women was conducted in 1990, using the 1988 survey instrument. Th
Berdon WE; Mellins RB; Abramson SJ; Ruzal-Shapiro C; Department of Radiology, Babies Hospital, Columbia-Presbyterian; Medical Center, New York, New York.
The changing pattern of pediatric HIV infection is illustrated in this article with plain films and computed tomographic scans. Today, vertical transmission from infected mothers results in HIV infection of exposed infants in about one third of pregnancies. Although the high mortality with catastrophic illnesses such
Res Nurs Health. 1993 Jun;16(3):179-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93268950
Brown MA; Powell-Cope G; Department of Community Health Care Systems, School of Nursing,; University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
The study purpose was to provide an in-depth description of experiences associated with loss and dying among AIDS family caregivers. Grounded theory provided the methodological framework for data collection and analysis. In-depth interviews were conducted with 53 family caregivers of persons with AIDS and included ind
Kane GC; Troshinsky MB; Peters SP; Israel HL; Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Jefferson; Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
Roig P; Cuadrado JM; Beneitez C; Mayol MJ; Lopez M; Navarro V; Nieto A; Bernacer B; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital del SVS de San Juan,; Alicante.
We discuss two cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) with intestinal invasion in patients diagnosed of infection due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The onset was as diarrheic manifestation associated to a constitutional syndrome, with no fever. One of the patients responded to treatment with antimonials, while
Echevarria S; Martinez J; Farinas MC; Sampedro JR; Sampedro I; Aguero R; Departamento de Medicina Interna, H. U. Marques de Valdecillo,; Santander.
In our setting, patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) show a high rate of tuberculosis infections which manifestations depend on the level of immunodeficiency reached. METHOD: Clinical, radiological and evolutive characteristics are discussed of 100 diagnosed tuberculosis in seropositive patients dur
Navarro V; Guix J; Bernacer B; Nieto A; Borras R; Ferrer C; Garcia de Lomas J; Juan G; Roig P; Seccion de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General, Valencia.
We analyze the cases of 215 adult patients affected from tuberculosis (TB) and infection due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the study period from December 6th, 1986 to January 31st of 1992. Disease affected specially the group of drug addict patients (DAP) with a 74.88%, followed by paid plasma donors (PPD)
Watson JM; Meredith SK; Whitmore-Overton E; Bannister B; Darbyshire JH; Public Health Laboratory Service Communicable Disease; Surveillance Centre, London.
BACKGROUND: A study was designed to determine the extent of the interaction between tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection in England and Wales. METHODS: Data were obtained from the United Kingdom national AIDS surveillance and the Medical Research Council tuberculosis
Pitkin AD; Grant AD; Foley NM; Miller RF; Department of Medicine, University College London School of; Medicine, Middlesex Hospital.
BACKGROUND: Respiratory illness is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It has been suggested that Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is no longer the most frequent cause of respiratory disease
O'Doherty MJ; Thomas SH; Gibb D; Page CJ; Harrington C; Duggan C; Nunan TO; Bateman NT; Department of Nuclear Medicine, United Medical School, St Thomas'; Hospital, London, UK.
BACKGROUND: Nebulised pentamidine is effective for preventing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adults with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The nebuliser dose required to produce equivalent lung concentrations of pentamidine in children is unknown. This study was performed to measure pulmonary pentamidine depositi
Da Silva F; Boudghene F; Lecomte I; Delage Y; Grange JD; Bigot JM; Service de Radiologie, Hopital Tenon, Paris, France.
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and cause of an echogenic nodule in the distal end of the common bile duct seen on sonograms in patients who have AIDS-related cholangitis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Sonograms of the liver and bile ducts were obtained in 15 patients who had AIDS-related
Hilgartner MW; Donfield SM; Willoughby A; Contant CF Jr; Evatt BL; Gomperts ED; Hoots WK; Jason J; Loveland KA; McKinlay SM; et al; Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, New York; Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York 10021.
PURPOSE: The study design, research questions, and baseline data are presented from a multicenter longitudinal epidemiologic investigation of the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on three areas of functioning in children and adolescents with hemophilia: physical growth and sexual maturation, immu
Geller E; Chrubasik J; Graf R; Chrubasik S; Schulte-Monting J; Department of Anesthesia, University of Bern, Switzerland.
This randomized double-blind study compared epidural sufentanil (SEPI) with intravenous sufentanil (SIV) or epidural fentanyl (FEPI) analgesia in 45 patients after major abdominal operations. On first complaint of severe postoperative pain, SIV patients were given a 15-micrograms bolus and then a 5 micrograms/h infusi
Ann Allergy. 1993 May;70(5):386-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93270314
Henry RE; Wegmann JA; Hartle JE; Christopher GW; United States Air Force Medical Center Scott, Scott Air Force; Base, Illinois 62225-5300.
A 65-year-old woman with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated by recurrent mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection developed angioedema on the initiation of her second course of oral acyclovir therapy. Oral rechallenge in hospital three days later confirmed acyclovir hypersensitivity. V
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of fluconazole treatment of coccidioidal meningitis. DESIGN: Uncontrolled clinical trial. SETTING: Four university-based treatment centers in California, Arizona, and Texas. Most therapy was conducted without hospitalization. PATIENTS: Fifty consecutive patients with act
Ann Neurol. 1993 May;33(5):429-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93270436
Epstein LG; Gendelman HE; Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, NY 14642.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of the central nervous system is associated with characteristic virological, clinical, and neuropathological findings in adults and children. Productive infection in the brain and spinal cord occurs in blood-derived macrophages, resident microglia, and multinucleat
Ann Neurol. 1993 Jun;33(6):576-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93270462
Wesselingh SL; Power C; Glass JD; Tyor WR; McArthur JC; Farber JM; Griffin JW; Griffin DE; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
The pathogenesis of the dementia associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is unclear, but has been postulated to be due to indirect effects of HIV infection including the local production of cytokines. To determine which cytokines are produced in the nervous sys
Bradley-Springer L; New Mexico AIDS Education and Training Center, Albuquerque.
The 1990 report of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in a Florida dental office sparked a massive public fear reaction. In response, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention produced six recommendations that provide few benefits, at what may prove to be an exorbitant cost. The author reviews those rec
Picard FJ; Poland SD; Rice GP; University of Western Ontario, University Hospital, London,; Canada.
Most of the human herpesviruses have a unique relationship with the central nervous system. In this review we summarize recent developments in the establishment of viral latency, and discuss the nervous system illnesses instigated by direct viral cytopathic effect, by immune activation, and by neoplastic events. Speci
Bangham CR; Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford,; UK.
Mammalian retroviruses of all three subfamilies infect the nervous system. The leukemia viruses (oncovirinae) and lentiviruses (lentivirinae, eg, human immunodeficiency virus) cause serious disease, while the foamy viruses (spumavirinae) have not yet been shown to cause any disease. This review illustrates these disea
FEBS Lett. 1993 May 3;322(1):15-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245950
Fujita M; Shiku H; Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine,; Japan.
A panel of EB virus replicon-based vectors was constructed to examine the relative utility of four distinct eukaryotic promoters for high-level gene expression in a HTLV-I-transformed human T cell line, HUT102. We found that HTLV-I LTR, which is trans-activated by the viral tax protein, was most suited for EBV vector-
Fuller GN; Jacobs JM; Guiloff RJ; Department of Neurology, Westminster Hospital, London.
Fifty four patients with peripheral nerve syndromes were seen during a 15 month period in a population of about 1500 HIV infected patients at all stages of the disease. Distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathies were seen in 38 of the 54 patients, (11.5% of AIDS patients) and could be distinguished into two forms. The
Orchard K; Lang G; Harris J; Collins M; Latchman D; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, England.
A palindromic element (site B) located between bases -328 and 347 (relative to the start site of transcription) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) was shown in a gel mobility shift assay to bind the human retinoic acid receptors (RARs). Greatly enhanced binding to this site w
Moyle GJ; Nelson MR; Hawkins D; Gazzard BG; HIV/GUM Unit, Kobler Centre, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital,; London.
One hundred and fifty-one patients intolerant to zidovudine ( AZT ) received didanosine (ddI) to a maximum dose of 12.5 mg/kg/day. Patient response was assessed using changes in CD4+ lymphocyte subset count, HIV p24 antigen, weight, and quality of life.
Yoser SL; Forster DJ; Rao NA; Doheny Eye Institute, University of Southern California School of; Medicine, Los Angeles.
Viruses are one of the most common causes of infections involving the posterior segment of the eye. Such infections can occur either on a congenital or an acquired basis, and may affect primarily the retina or the choroid. Congenital cytomegalovirus (
Inouye Y; Tokutake Y; Yoshida T; Seto Y; Hujita H; Dan K; Yamamoto A; Nishiya S; Yamase T; Nakamura S; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima University School; of Medicine, Japan.
A screening for inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) among various types of isopolyoxomolybdates and heteropolyoxomolybdates was carried out by using an in vitro assay system measuring the cytopathogenicity of HIV-1 in CD4+ human MT-4 cells. A novel heteropolyoxomolybdate named PM-104 with the che
Henklein P; Schubert U; Kunert O; Klabunde S; Wray V; Kloppel KD; Kiess M; Portsmann T; Schomburg D; Institut fur Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Medizinische; Fakultat (Charite), Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Germany.
The HIV-1-specific virus protein U (Vpu) is an amphipathic membrane-associated phosphoprotein that probably possesses an N-terminal hydrophobic membrane anchor and a hydrophilic moiety. Because of an as yet undefined cytotoxic effect and the low concentration of Vpu in host cells, it has not been possible to obtain su
Dammacco F; Sansonno D; Beardsley A; Gowans EJ; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University; of Bari Medical School, Italy.
The prevalence of HCV antibodies was determined by a second-generation ELISA and a four-antigen recombinant immunoblot assay in nine intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) preparations commercially available in Italy . In addition, the clinical safety of six of them was ascertained by pol
FEBS Lett. 1993 May 17;322(3):249-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93252079
McGuigan C; Kinchington D; Wang MF; Nicholls SR; Nickson C; Galpin S; Jeffries DJ; O'Connor TJ; Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield,; UK.
Nucleoside analogues previously found to be inactive against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be activated by simple chemical derivatisation. As part of our effort to deliver masked phosphates inside living cells we have discovered that certain phosphate triester derivatives of inactive nucleoside analogues
Int J Cancer. 1993 May 8;54(2):181-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93252490
St Louis ME; Icenogle JP; Manzila T; Kamenga M; Ryder RW; Heyward WL; Reeves WC; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
Increasing evidence indicates that infection with genital types of human papillomavirus (HPV) can occur prior to the onset of sexual activity, possibly by perinatal transmission. Evidence is also accumulating that women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) more frequently express HPV. We conducted this
Gao WY; Shirasaka T; Johns DG; Broder S; Mitsuya H; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The antiviral activity of azidothymidine ( AZT ), dideoxycytidine ( ddC ), and dideoxyinosine (ddI) against HIV-1 was comparatively evaluated in PHA-stimulated PBM. The mean drug concentr
Dieterich DT; Poles MA; Lew EA; Mendez PE; Murphy R; Addessi A; Holbrook JT; Naughton K; Friedberg DN; New York University Medical Center, New York.
Ten patients with AIDS and progressive cytomegalovirus disease were treated with ganciclovir and foscarnet concurrently. The patients had received ganciclovir and foscarnet monotherapy a median of 330 days before receiving combination t
J Med Virol. 1993 Feb;39(2):156-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93253409
Lucht E; Albert J; Linde A; Xu W; Brytting M; Lundeberg J; Uhlen M; Bratt G; Sandstrom E; Heimdahl A; et al; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether HIV-1 or cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) may contribute to oral lesions frequently found in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Saliva samples from 63 HIV-1 positiv
J Med Microbiol. 1993 May;38(5):328-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93253763
Kolesnitchenko V; Agius G; Zagury JF; Laaroubi K; Achour A; Castets M; Zagury D; Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Universite Pierre et; Marie Curie, Paris, France.
Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from eight patients from the Ivory Coast with positive screening test results for retroviral infections were studied by serology (ELISA, Western blot (WB), synthetic peptide test), cell co-culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR
Subgroup C avian sarcoma viruses efficiently infect and transform but poorly replicate in duck cells. Nucleotide sequence analysis of Prague strain of Rous sarcoma virus adapted by numerous passages on duck embryonic fibroblasts (daPr-RSV-C) showed that adaptation of originally chicken virus to duck cells correlated w
Albrecht H; Stellbrink HJ; Fenske S; Ermer M; Raedler A; Greten H; Internal Medicine Dept., University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg,; Germany.
A wide variety of bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens can cause severe diarrhea in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The role of enteric viruses, especially rotaviruses, in HIV-related diarrhea is still unclear. One hundred and six stool samples from 66 HIV-infected patients wi
Vet Rec. 1993 Apr 3;132(14):340-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93255800
Waters L; Hopper CD; Gruffydd-Jones TJ; Harbour DA; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bristol,; Langford.
The inadvertent introduction of feline calicivirus into a colony of 19 experimental cats, 13 of which were infected with feline immunodeficiency virus, resulted in the development of chronic gingivitis in nine animals. Of these, six were infected with both viruses, one with the immunodeficiency virus alone and two wit
Ann Intern Med. 1993 Jun 15;118(12):913-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93256380
Tokars JI; Marcus R; Culver DH; Schable CA; McKibben PS; Bandea CI; Bell DM; Hospital Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control and; Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
OBJECTIVE: To study the risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the patterns of use and associated toxicity of zidovudine among health care workers after an occupational exposure to HIV. DESIGN: An ongoing, prospective surveillance project conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Keijer WJ; Burger DM; Neuteboom GH; Vrooland JL; Meenhorst PL; Koks CH; Beijnen JH; Department of Pharmacy, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
The most common ocular complication in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is cytomegalovirus retinitis. Incidence figures vary from 20 to 76%. Patients with cytomegalovirus may suffer from mild visual impairment of one or both eyes, but as the disease progr
Folks TM; Heneine W; Khan A; Woods T; Chapman L; Schonberger L; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Within the last few years significant efforts have been made to identify objective reliable diagnostic markers from individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). We report the absence of a previously described retroviral marker (HTLV-II gag) in a blinded study of CFS cases. Even with excellent reproducible sensitiv
Research into the biology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the immunopathogenesis of HIV disease, is proceeding rapidly. New therapies are being developed based on this new knowledge. Meanwhile, the proportion of women in the United States with AIDS is rising, and heterosexua
Hawkins CP; McLaughlin JE; Kendall BE; McDonald WI; NMR Research Group, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
MRI forms an important part of the assessment of patients with HIV-related disease presenting with cerebral symptoms. Eleven formalin-fixed brains were studied at 0.5 T using T2- and T1-weighted sequences. In two cases of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy and one case each of toxoplasmosis and lymphoma, the e
Ranganathan PN; Khalili K; Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Studies on the regulation of the human neurotropic virus (JCV) promoter, have been focused primarily on the 98 bp tandem repeat sequence which confers glial-specificity to viral gene expression. We demonstrate that a distinct regulatory element outside of the 98 bp region, which spans a stretch of 10 nucleotides (nt)
Todays OR Nurse. 1993 Mar-Apr;15(2):14-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262653
Wicher CP
1. An estimated 5,800 health care workers have AIDS. Many times that number have HIV but have not yet developed AIDS. As of this date, 29 health care workers in the United States have seroconverted to HIV positive due to occupational exposure to the virus. Eleven are nurses. 2. Althoug
Busschots AM; Geerts ML; Mecucci C; Stul M; Cassiman JJ; van den Berghe H; Centre for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Belgium.
A 62-year-old man with a cutaneous large-cell (cleaved, noncleaved) lymphoma had multiple facial lesions and two enlarged cervical lymph nodes. Cytogenetic analysis performed on the involved skin and lymph node revealed the following karyotype: 47,XY,inv dup(1)(q11-->q32),+3,t(8;14)(q24;q32). A t(8;14)(q24;q32) transl
Holtgrave DR; Valdiserri RO; Gerber AR; Hinman AR; National Center for Prevention Services, Centers for Disease; Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
BACKGROUND: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, Ga) annually provides more than +100 million in funding to states, territories, and cities for the provision of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling, testing, referral, and partner notification (CTRPN) services. Given the size of this expend
Antisense Res Dev. 1993 Spring;3(1):33-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93264764
Praseuth D; Guieysse AL; Itkes AV; Helene C; Laboratoire de Biophysique, INSERM U201, CNRS UA481, Paris,; France.
A 16-mer oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) which specifically recognizes the polypurine tract (PPT) located upstream of the 3 long terminal repeat (LTR) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proviral DNA via triplex formation is shown to have a dramatic effect on in vitro transcription from the HIV-LTR promoter. In the pres
Can Fam Physician. 1993 Apr;39:803-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93264804
MacPherson DW; Sellors JW; Department of Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
Testing for HIV and such issues as test accuracy, informed consent, reporting requirements, and confidentiality related to testing are reviewed. Pre-test and posttest counseling is discussed, and a sample form to guide family physicians in obtaining informed consent is provided.
Harefuah. 1993 Feb 1;124(3):124-6, 184. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93266164
Dayan K; Neufeld DM; Lang R; Novis B; Bernheim J; Freund U; Dept. of Surgery A, Meir General Hospital.
A 53-year-old man is reported who developed a widespread gastrointestinal infection due to cytomegalic ( CMV ) virus and was found to be suffering from AIDS. He died of overwhelming pulmonary infection. There is need for awareness of the rapid increase of AIDS in
Aubin JT; Agut H; Collandre H; Yamanishi K; Chandran B; Montagnier L; Huraux JM; Laboratoire de Bacteriologie-Virologie, C.E.R.V.I., Hopital de; la Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Ten human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) strains from different origins were studied using reactivity to monoclonal antibodies and polymerase chain reaction analysis. Using immunofluorescence and neutralization assays, two monoclonal antibodies gave a positive reaction with the ten strains while three others only reacted with
Yarosh DB; Alas L; Kibitel J; O'Connor A; Carrier F; Fornace AJ Jr; Applied Genetics Inc., Freeport, New York.
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of human cells induced expression of a stably maintained fusion gene consisting of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat promoter controlling the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. Two experiments demonstrated that DNA damage can initiate induction: UV induct
Fiala M; Singer EJ; Graves MC; Tourtellotte WW; Stewart JA; Schable CA; Rhodes RH; Vinters HV; Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
We have studied longitudinally ten patients with AIDS encephalopathy with respect to pathogenetic roles of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cytomegalovirus ( CMV ). Three patients manifested typical AIDS
Gabrilovich DI; Vassilev V; Nosikov VV; Serebrovskaya LV; Ivanova LA; Pokrovsky VV; Laboratory of AIDS Epidemiology and Prevention, Central Institute; for Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia.
HIV DNA was detected by the polymerase chain reaction technique in polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in 11 of 37 (29.7%) HIV-infected patients. A detectable level of HIV DNA in PMNs was more common in symptomatic than asymptomatic HIV infected patients (46.7% and 18.2%, respectively; p
J Med Chem. 1993 Mar 5;36(5):529-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267616
Torrence PF; Kinjo J; Khamnei S; Greig NH; Section on Biomedical Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes; and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
In order to explore the possibility that a dihydropyridine/pyridinium redox chemical delivery system might enhance significantly the brain uptake of the anti-HIV agent dideoxycytidine (DDC), we prepared a DDC derivative which bore the 1,4-dihydro-1-methyl-3-pyridylcarbonyl moiety at both the cytidine exocyclic amino m
Calvert JG; Nazerian K; Witter RL; Yanagida N; USDA/ARS Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, East Lansing,; Michigan 48823.
Eight stable fowlpox virus (FPV) recombinants which express the envelope glycoprotein of the spleen necrosis virus (SNV) strain of reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), an avian retrovirus, were constructed. These recombinants differ in the genomic location of the inserted genes, in the orientation of the insert relative
Sheets RL; Pandey R; Jen WC; Roy-Burman P; Department of Pathology, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033-1054.
Using a polymerase chain reaction strategy aimed at detecting recombinant feline leukemia virus (FeLV) genomes with 5 env sequences originating from an endogenous source and 3 env sequences resulting from FeLV subgroup A (FeLV-A), we detected recombinant proviruses in approximately three-fourths of naturally occurri
Bahner I; Zhou C; Yu XJ; Hao QL; Guatelli JC; Kohn DB; Division of Research Immunology/Bone Marrow Transplantation,; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, California.
trans-Dominant inhibitory mutant versions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) regulatory genes tat and rev have previously been described. We have constructed a series of retroviral vectors to transduce these genes and compare their inhibitory activities. The inhibitory activities were measured with tra
Giron ML; Rozain F; Debons-Guillemin MC; Canivet M; Peries J; Emanoil-Ravier R; UPR A0043 CNRS Retrovirus et Retrotransposons des Vertebres,; Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
Human foamy virus (HFV) proteins were identified in human cells cultured in vitro by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting with specific antisera. Among several viral polypeptides, four glycoproteins of approximately 160, 130, 70, and 48 kDa were identified in HFV-infected cells. gp130 was shown to represent the intr
OBJECTIVE--Dysrhythmias, hemodynamic instability, congestive heart failure, and sudden death are serious complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that, to our knowledge, have not been studied systematically. We sought to determine the cumulative incidence and clinical predictors of these adverse e
Smid WM; van der Meer J; Smit JW; Halie MR; Department of Haematology, University Hospital Groningen, The; Netherlands.
The administration of factor VIII concentrates has been associated with immune abnormalities in patients with severe haemophilia A, even in the absence of HIV infection. The effects of a monoclonal purified factor VIII concentrate, Hemofil M (Baxter), on preexistent immune abnormalities were assessed over a 2 year per
Strong C; Department of Human Values and Ethics, College of Medicine,; University of Tennessee, Memphis.
Practice restrictions on physicians who have the human immunodeficiency virus can significantly interfere with their freedom to practice. Three main ethical views have been advocated concerning such restrictions: (1) infected physicians should be required either to refrain from performing procedures posing any risk of
The Association for Practitioners in Infection Control, Inc. (APIC) is a multidisciplinary organization of over 9000 health care professionals who practice institutional epidemiology in the form of infection control and quality improvement within a variety of settings. As a national leader in prevention and control of
Am J Vet Res. 1993 Mar;54(3):373-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93270325
Agresti A; Ponti W; Rocchi M; Meneveri R; Marozzi A; Cavalleri D; Peri E; Poli G; Ginelli E; Department of Biology and Genetics for Medical Sciences,; University of Milan, Italy.
A specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was devised, allowing detection of 1 bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-infected cell in 10(4) bovine lymphocytes. The efficacy of field application of the developed method was verified by evaluating the rate of viral transmission to calves from infected cows, whether they hav
Grady WR; Klepinger DH; Billy JO; Tanfer K; Battelle Human Affairs Research Centers, Seattle.
Perceptions regarding the consequences of condom use, as well as preferred characteristics of condoms, are examined in a nationally representative sample of 3,321 men aged 20-39. The psychological and interpersonal effect most often cited is that using a condom shows that you are a concerned and caring person. This is
Drug Metab Dispos. 1993 Mar-Apr;21(2):231-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245683
el Dareer SM; Tillery KF; Rose LM; Posey CF; Struck RF; Stiller SW; Hill DL; Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35255-5305.
This study was undertaken to evaluate the disposition of the thiazolobenzimidazole, 1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-1H,3H-thiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazole (TZB), which has promising antiviral activity. For mice, the maximum tolerated intravenous dose of TZB was 50 mg/kg. An HPLC procedure developed for TZB was used to determine th
Drug Metab Dispos. 1993 Mar-Apr;21(2):369-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93245704
Ahluwalia G; Cooney DA; Hartman NR; Mitsuya H; Yarchoan R; Fridland A; Broder S; Johns DG; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The rates of accumulation and decay of 2 ,3 -dideoxyadenosine-5 -triphosphate (ddATP) have been examined after incubation with the anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agents 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (ddIno) and 2 ,3 -dideoxyadenosine (ddAdo) in human T-cell systems frequently used for assay of anti-HIV agents (MOLT-4
J Immunol. 1993 May 15;150(10):4672-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93246681
Stanhope PE; Liu AY; Pavlat W; Pitha PM; Clements ML; Siliciano RF; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
T cell responses play a critical role in host defense against viral infection. Therefore, the functional properties of HIV-1-specific human T cells induced by an experimental AIDS vaccine were analyzed in detail at the clonal level. Seronegative human volunteers were immunized with a purified recombinant form of the H
Dyner TS; Lang W; Geaga J; Golub A; Stites D; Winger E; Galmarini M; Masterson J; Jacobson MA; California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco.
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a naturally occurring adrenal steroid reported to have immunomodulatory and antiviral activity in cellular and animal models as well as modest in vitro antiretroviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A phase I dose-escalation study was performed to evaluate the safe
Jensen BN; Nielsen TL; Backer V; Nelsing S; Simonsen L; Flaschs H; Gaub J; Hojlyng N; Nielsen JO; Mathiesen L; et al; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
The objective was to assess the efficacy of a biweekly dose of 60 mg aerosolized pentamidine (AP) for primary prophylaxis (PP) of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and the impact of prophylaxis on survival in HIV-infected patients. Participants were AIDS patients with no history of PCP, patients with a CD4 count
Saracco A; Musicco M; Nicolosi A; Angarano G; Arici C; Gavazzeni G; Costigliola P; Gafa S; Gervasoni C; Luzzati R; et al; Epiunit, HIV Center, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.
To study incidence and risk factors of heterosexually transmitted HIV infection, we followed a cohort of 343 seronegative women, stable, monogamous partners of infected men whose only risk of acquiring HIV was sexual exposure to the infected partner. Nineteen seroconversions occurred in 529.6 person years (py) of obse
Fujimura Y; Honda M; Ito M; Yamada O; Mimaya J; Meguro T; Kurimura T; Yamada K; Mizumoto Y; Nishida S; et al; Nara Medical College.
In Japan , the isolation rate of HIV-1 has increased in recent years, and has become as high as 36.7% in 1991. In order to evaluate the onset of AIDS, we have collected various HIV markers, which were obtained from surveillance committee of Natural History. These data include a total
Reichman RC; Tejani N; Lambert JL; Strussenberg J; Bonnez W; Blumberg B; Epstein L; Dolin R; University of Rochester Medical Center, New York.
Thirty HIV isolates, obtained from 15 patients before and after receiving single drug therapy with didanosine (ddI), were examined for sensitivity to ddI and zidovudine (ZDV) using a peripheral blood mononuclear leukocyte (PBML)-based assay. Fourteen of the patients had ARC, one had AIDS and 12 had received previous t
Int J Cancer. 1993 May 8;54(2):208-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93252495
Shinzato O; Kamihira S; Ikeda S; Kondo H; Kanda T; Nagata Y; Nakayama E; Shiku H; Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Two distinct diseases, adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), develop in a minor population of HTLV-1 carriers. We examined the relationship between the viral genome dose in the peripheral-blood mononuclear cells and the serological response in HTLV-1 carri
Macnab KA; Gill MJ; Sutherland LR; De Boer Visser N; Church D; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
The bioavailability of zidovudine was evaluated in 16 HIV seropositive patients using a prospective standardized study. Symptomatology, D-xylose absorption and immune status were also measured to determine indicators of poor bioavailability. Zidovudine was rapidly absorbed (Tmax: 0.82 +/- 0.39 h) with a large variatio
Lancet. 1993 May 8;341(8854):1171-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93254133
Ou CY; Takebe Y; Weniger BG; Luo CC; Kalish ML; Auwanit W; Yamazaki S; Gayle HD; Young NL; Schochetman G; Division of HIV/AIDS, National Center for Infectious Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; 30333.
To investigate the genetic heterogeneity and epidemiological distribution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Thailand , we determined proviral sequences for 63 HIV-1-infected patients in various risk groups from all over the country between April and July, 1991. Two
Dolan MJ; Lucey DR; Hendrix CW; Melcher GP; Spencer GA; Boswell RN; Department of Infectious Diseases, Wilford Hall United States Air; Force Medical Center, Lackland AFB, TX 78236.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in US Air Force personnel between 1985 and 1989 was examined through a mandatory serological survey, and through annual examination of infected patients. CD4+ cell counts were determined by flow cytometry; beta 2 microglobulin and neopterin were measured by immunoassay. Dur
Am J Ophthalmol. 1993 May 15;115(5):575-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93256150
Kuppermann BD; Petty JG; Richman DD; Mathews WC; Fullerton SC; Rickman LS; Freeman WR; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego,; La Jolla 92093-0946.
We prospectively studied 132 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to determine the cross-sectional prevalence of cytomegalovirus retinitis. All patients had serum CD4+ lymphocyte counts to determine the degree of immune dysfunction. Correlations between CD4+ coun
Boccellari AA; Dilley JW; Yingling CD; Chambers DB; Tauber MA; Moss AR; Osmond DH; Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco General Hospital, CA; 94110.
OBJECTIVE--To explore the relationship of immune dysfunction to neurophysiological measures of brain-stem conduction time. DESIGN--Three-year longitudinal prospective cohort study; results of time 1 analyses reported. SETTING--San Francisco (California) General Hospital, Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology. PAT
Cancer. 1993 May 15;71(10):3138-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93258660
Newcom SR; Ward M; Napoli VM; Kutner M; Department of Medicine, School of Public Health, Emory University; School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30303.
BACKGROUND. The occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated Hodgkin disease (HD) offers a unique opportunity to study the cause of HD and compare HIV-HD with the well-characterized HIV-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). METHODS. Eight patients with HIV-HD and 17 with HIV-NHL were treated. RESULTS. The complet
Dragoni F; Arcieri R; Chistolini A; De Sanctis V; Pasqualetti D; Mazzucconi MG; Dipartimento di Biopatologia Umana, Universita La Sapienza,; Roma, Italy.
We report the case of a young hemophilic patient with antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who was affected by immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). This condition did not respond to pharmacological therapy with steroids and alpha-2b-r-IFN, and the patient was splenectomized. Immune status evalua
Lancet. 1993 May 15;341(8855):1242-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93261086
Presant CA; Scolaro M; Kennedy P; Blayney DW; Flanagan B; Lisak J; Presant J; Los Angeles Oncologic Institute, California 90057-0992.
Compared with conventional chemotherapy, use of liposomes loaded with therapeutic agents is less toxic and more effective in experimental tumours in vivo. We have assessed efficacy and toxicity of liposomal daunorubicin (40 mg/m2 every 2 weeks) in 25 patients with HIV-associated Kaposi s sarcoma of poor prognosis. In
Lancet. 1993 May 15;341(8855):1251-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93261093
Carson DA; Ribeiro JM; Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of; California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0663.
The intercellular connections that characterise advanced forms of life would not be possible without a mechanism to remove individual cells that are no longer needed, or that function abnormally. Such physiological cell death, in the absence of inflammation, is achieved by apoptosis, a structurally distinct programmed
Mo Med. 1993 Feb;90(2):85-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93261406
Bonacini M; Skodras G; Section of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Truman Medical; Center, Kansas City, Missouri 64108.
Endoscopic pathological findings in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients have never been reported from the Midwest. We review the endoscopic and histologic findings in HIV-positive patients referred for endoscopy. The major symptoms that prompted referral to the gastroenterology service were: diarrhea
Tibaldi C; Tovo PA; Ziarati N; Palomba E; Salassa B; Sciandra M; D'Ambrosio R; Ponti A; Sinicco A; Istituto di Ginecologia e Ostetricia, Universita di Torino,; Italy.
OBJECTIVE: To identify how reliably CD4+ (helper) lymphocyte count and p24 antigenaemia can predict mother-to-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University of Turin Center for Intravenous Drug Users (IVDU) and/or HIV-1 seropositive pregnant women. SU
Septic arthritis has been regarded as rare in haemophiliacs, but its incidence may have increased since HIV infection has become widespread in these patients. We describe six cases treated at one haemophilia unit over a two-year period and discuss their investigation, diagnosis and treatment. Four of the patients were
J Immunol. 1993 Jun 1;150(11):5195-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267122
Radka SF; Nakamura S; Sakurada S; Salahuddin SZ; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle,; WA 98121.
Oncostatin M (OM), a 30-kDa glycoprotein, recently was identified as a major growth-promoting factor in the conditioned medium (CM) of the 38-0 cell line, a CD4,+ chronically human T lymphotropic virus type (HTLV)-II-infected, transformed T cell line. CM 38-0 induced the proliferation of spindle cells cultured in vitr
Benson RE; Sanfridson A; Ottinger JS; Doyle C; Cullen BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710.
The nef gene product encoded by the mac239 proviral clone of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) markedly enhances viral replication and pathogenesis in vivo. We have used this biologically active nef isolate to examine the phenotype of Nef in retrovirally transduced human T cells in culture. SIV Nef is shown to drama
Sinicco A; Fora R; Sciandra M; Lucchini A; Caramello P; Gioannini P; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Turin, Italy.
We enrolled 134 newly human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected subjects in a prospective study to determine the natural history of the infection and evaluate the risk of developing AIDS after acute primary HIV-1 infection (API). Twenty-three patients were observed during an acute primary HIV-1 infection, a
Boccellari AA; Dilley JW; Chambers DB; Yingling CD; Tauber MA; Moss AR; Osmond DH; Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco General Hospital, CA; 94110.
This study explores the relationship of immune dysfunction to the neuropsychological performance of individuals infected with HIV-1. Fifty-five HIV-positive homosexual men and 37 negative homosexual controls were evaluated using neuropsychological measures, physical exams, and measures of immune functioning. There wer
Eyster ME; Diamondstone LS; Lien JM; Ehmann WC; Quan S; Goedert JJ; Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State School of Medicine,; Hershey.
The objective of this prospective cohort study was to describe the natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on the clinical manifestations of HCV liver disease. Two hundred twenty-three hemophiliacs were followed in a comprehensive care setting with peri
Hanson DL; Horsburgh CR Jr; Fann SA; Havlik JA; Thompson SE 3d; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; Georgia 30333.
Previous studies of survival after a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have reported variation in temporal trends in association with age, gender, race, mode of transmission, lymphadenopathy, antiretroviral therapy, and presence of specific opportunistic infections at diagnosis. We used a logistic
JAMA. 1993 Jun 9;269(22):2853-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93267852
St Louis ME; Kamenga M; Brown C; Nelson AM; Manzila T; Batter V; Behets F; Kabagabo U; Ryder RW; Oxtoby M; et al; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
OBJECTIVE--To evaluate how maternal and obstetric factors interact to influence mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission. DESIGN--Prospective, observational cohort study of children born to HIV-infected women to determine child s HIV infection status. The analysis then compared peripart
Lancet. 1993 May 29;341(8857):1373-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93268019
Hilgartner MW; Buckley JD; Operskalski EA; Pike MC; Mosley JW; Cornell University-New York Hospital Center, New York City.
Whether expensive high-purity factor VIII concentrates are required to slow CD4 decline in HIV-infected haemophiliacs is controversial. We examined CD4 counts among such cases treated with intermediate-purity and high-purity factor VIII. 36 subjects treated with high-purity concentrate for 6 months or more had a small
O'Sullivan MJ; Boyer PJ; Scott GB; Parks WP; Weller S; Blum MR; Balsley J; Bryson YJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Miami, FL; 33101.
OBJECTIVES: We measured the pharmacokinetics and safety of zidovudine in pregnant women infected with human immunodeficiency virus and their offspring. STUDY DESIGN: Asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-infected women with uncomplicated singleton gestations (28 to 36 weeks) underwent parenteral and oral zidovudin
Laurence J; Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New; York, NY 10021.
PURPOSE: To update our knowledge about normal absolute values for CD4+ and CD8+ peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets and to show how these values are influenced by infectious disease. These data are discussed in the context of a newly identified syndrome, idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia and severe unexplained human immun
Ann Neurol. 1993 Jun;33(6):646-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93270472
Tsukada N; Miyagi K; Matsuda M; Yanagisawa N; Department of Neurology, Shinshu University, School of Medicine,; Matsumoto, Japan.
We evaluated the presence of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) antigen in the sera of patients with multiple sclerosis and human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy (HAM) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients with multiple sclerosis in the active phase had higher
Am J Med. 1993 May;94(5):515-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93269882
Shor-Posner G; Basit A; Lu Y; Cabrejos C; Chang J; Fletcher M; Mantero-Atienza E; Baum MK; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami; School of Medicine, Florida 33101.
PURPOSE: Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome exhibit marked disturbances in lipid metabolism. Because altered lipid metabolism may affect immune processes, this study characterized the lipid profile of asymptomatic individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), in relationship to
Tan GT; Wickramasinghe A; Verma S; Hughes SH; Pezzuto JM; Baba M; Mohan P; Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical; Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago.
Four novel sulfonic acid polymers were evaluated for their in vitro HIV-1 and HIV-2 reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitory activity and found to be equipotent against both RTs. The aromatic polymers demonstrated IC50 values that were approximately 10(3)-fold lower than those observed with the aliphatic polymers. Among
Blood. 1993 May 1;81(9):2369-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93244430
Brodsky I; Foley B; Haines D; Johnston J; Cuddy K; Gillespie D; Department of Neoplastic Diseases, Hahnemann University,; Philadelphia, PA 19102-1192.
HERV-K is a 50-copy, human endogenous, class 1 retroviral element that contains some polycistrons with gag, pol, and env open reading frames. Although expression of HERV-K proviruses has been shown in cultured human cell lines, expression of these elements has not been shown in human blood leukocytes. Using both rever
Hagemeister FB; U.T. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Hematology,; Houston, Texas 77030.
Although small non-cleaved cell lymphoma (SNCCL) is one of the more common lymphoma subtypes in children, in both Africa and the United States , it is rare in adults. Although it responds dramatically to chemotherapy in both children and adults, it is considered a high grade lymphoma in
Delahunty MD; Mack JP; Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, Catonsville, MD; 21228.
A generalized iterative method of curve fitting and error estimation is described, using a spreadsheet with Monte Carlo simulations. The method is demonstrated on an equilibrium binding experiment with reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus-1, in which the concentration of all reactants, including enzym
Med Res Rev. 1993 May;13(3):229-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93247318
De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
The TIBO, HEPT, nevirapine , pyridinone, BHAP, TSAO, and alpha-APA derivatives, although belonging to structurally diverging classes of molecules, share remarkable common features. They are specifically active against the reverse transcriptase of HIV-1
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 1;90(9):3953-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248208
Prochaska HJ; Yeh Y; Baron P; Polsky B; Laboratory for Chemical-Biological Interactions, Memorial; Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021.
Glutathione depletion may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. Since certain compounds prevent experimental carcinogenesis by elevating the levels of glutathione and phase II detoxication enzymes, we compared the potencies of several inducers with their abil
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 1;90(9):4141-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93248245
Williamson RA; Burioni R; Sanna PP; Partridge LJ; Barbas CF 3d; Burton DR; Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla,; CA 92037.
Conventional antibody generation usually requires active immunization with antigen immediately prior to the preparation procedure. Combinatorial antibody library technology offers the possibility of cloning a range of antibody specificities at a single point in time and then accessing these specificities at will. Here
Tregnago R; Xavier RG; Pereira RP; Prolla JC; Pulmonary Divisions, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre,; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
The presence of foamy alveolar casts or flocculent material in Papanicolaou and Leishman-stained smears of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid is said to be indicative of infection with Pneumocystis carinii. We have investigated the sensitivity and specificity of this method of diagnosing pneumocystis pneumonia in pati
Int J Cancer. 1993 May 8;54(2):348-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93252517
Natazuka T; Umemiya-Okada T; Matsui T; Saida T; Nakao Y; Department of Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Human T-cell-leukemia-virus-type-1 (HTLV-1) infection is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). The T-cell-targeting immunosuppressants, FK506 and cyclosporin A (CsA), suppressed proliferation of the HAM/TSP-derived T-cell lines,
Loya S; Hizi A; Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Sackler School of; Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Illimaquinone, a natural marine product, was shown by us to inhibit preferentially the ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity of the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We have also shown that illimaquinone inhibits the RNase H activity of HIV-2 RT in addition to that of HIV-1 RT, mur
Klarmann GJ; Schauber CA; Preston BD; Laboratory for Cancer Research, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers; University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854.
Replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires reverse transcriptase (RT) to synthesize double-stranded proviral DNA (9.7 kilobases) through a complex mechanism utilizing both RNA and DNA templates. We have examined DNA synthesis by HIV-1 RT on RNA and DNA templates derived from the HIV-1 genome u
Abbotts J; Bebenek K; Kunkel TA; Wilson SH; Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
During processive DNA synthesis in vitro, the human immunoefficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase encounters template nucleotide positions at which continued synthesis is difficult. At these positions, the enzyme has a relatively high probability of dissociating from the template, and product molecules
Bebenek K; Abbotts J; Wilson SH; Kunkel TA; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of; Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North; Carolina 27709.
We have observed previously that DNA template-directed polymerization by the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase is error-prone for single-nucleotide substitution, addition and deletion errors at homopolymeric sequences. We have also noted strong termination of processive synthesis at these posit
Wu J; Amandoron E; Li X; Wainberg MA; Parniak MA; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B.; Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
A series of monoclonal antibodies against p51/p66 human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) were prepared by immunizing mice with the native enzyme immobilized on nitrocellulose. One of these antibodies, designated 1E8, was found to inhibit both RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent polymerase activi
Pincus SH; Messer KG; Schwartz DH; Lewis GK; Graham BS; Blattner WA; Fisher G; Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton,; Montana 59840.
Studies of the immune response to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been hampered by the antigenic diversity of the HIV envelope protein. In an effort to predict the efficacy of vaccination we have compared the systemic anti-envelope antibody response in seronegative volunteers immunized with recombinant gp1
Lu W; Andrieu JM; Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Hopital Laennec, Universite de; Paris, V, France.
The effect of zidovudine (500 mg/day) on 32 asymptomatic subjects seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was evaluated by monitoring the concentrations of infections HIV-carrying blood mononuclear cells and serum virus particles. After 3 months of treatment, a significant reduction in cellular virus load
Kondo M; Saito T; Ito A; Oka S; Takata N; Imai M; Department of Virology, Kanagawa Prefectural Public Health; Laboratories.
HIV-1 strains were isolated from three patients treated with AZT and from three patients not treated with AZT. Progenomes of HIV-1 RT gene were amplified by PCR and cloned to M13mp18 vecter. Four amino acid mutations in RT gene (Asp67, Lys70, Thr215,
Williams TM; Ciccarone TM; MacTough SC; Rooney CS; Balani SK; Condra JH; Emini EA; Goldman ME; Greenlee WJ; Kauffman LR; et al; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories,; West Point, Pennsylvania 19486-0004.
A series of highly potent, structurally novel, non-nucleoside RT inhibitors has been described. Low nanomolar concentrations of 5-chloro-3-(phenylsulfonyl)-indole-2-carboxamide (1) inhibit the HIV-1 RT enzyme in vitro and HTLVIIIb viral spread in MT-4 human T-lymphoid cells. Good oral bioavailability was observed in r
Szabo B; Toth FD; Kiss J; Kiss A; Rak K; Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Debrecen,; Hungary.
Forty patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) were tested for antibodies and lymphocytes reacting with gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV) and baboon endogenous virus (BaEV) antigens as well as for plasma interferon levels. Antibodies reacting with envelope antigens of GaLV and BaEV were found frequently and in
Srivastava AK; Sekaly RP; Chiasson JL; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Pentosan polysulfate, a polyanionic mucopolysaccharide, which has been shown to exert inhibitory effects on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-I) replication, inhibited the activities of protein tyrosine kinases from lymphocytes (Jurkat cells) and rat lung in a concentration dependent manner. In addition, the autophosp
Lau AF; Siedlecki J; Anleitner J; Patterson GM; Caplan FR; Moore RE; Cancer Research Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu; 96813.
Lipophilic and hydrophilic extracts of over 900 strains of cultured blue-green algae (cyanophyta) were examined in vitro for their ability to inhibit the reverse transcriptases (RT) of avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) and human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1). Eighteen (2.0%) aqueous extracts showed activity ag
3 -Mercapto-2 ,3 -dideoxy-NTP were synthesized and tested as DNA chain terminating nucleotides. It is shown that the analogues selectively and irreversibly terminate DNA chain elongation by AMV and HIV reverse transcriptases and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, whereas calf thymus alpha DNA polymerase, E. coli D
OBJECTIVE. To determine whether a small CD3+ lymphocyte population expressing 110-kd CD57 antigens (HNK1) is expanded in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as it is in patients who have undergone bone marrow transplantation and patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and to investigate whether it i
Leskinen R; Transplantation Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 33 allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients were studied. The number of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) in circulation increased rapidly after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Their proportion of lymphoid cells exceeded 40% during the first month and was highest, 57%, one to th
Biochemistry. 1993 May 11;32(18):4938-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93257461
Sheng N; Dennis D; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware,; Newark 19716.
The human immunodeficiency virus-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) heterodimer (M(r) = 66,000 and M(r) = 51,000) has been photoaffinity labeled using 4-thiodeoxyuridine triphosphate (S4-dUTP) as a probe. A nascent polymerization complex was assembled from a single-stranded DNA template, a 12-mer DNA primer, and the n
BACKGROUND. The association between lymphoproliferative disease and AIDS is now well known, but only non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (LNH) are surely related to HIV infection. Hodgkin s disease (HD) occurs rarely in HIV seropositives, so it is impossible to establish a connection between AIDS and this neoplasm. METHODS AND RE
Roudot-Thoraval F; Pawlotsky JM; Thiers V; Deforges L; Girollet PP; Guillot F; Huraux C; Aumont P; Brechot C; Dhumeaux D; Departement d'Epidemiologie, CHU Henri Mondor, Creteil,; France.
The published risk of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus varies according to the population studied and the tests used. In a prospective study we used the polymerase chain reaction to assess the risk of vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus in an unselected population of women uninfected by human
In order to evaluate the role of sexual transmission and parenteral transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in homosexual men and intravenous drug users (IVDU) serum samples from 147 homosexual men and 126 IVDU were tested for anti-HCV. Anti-HCV was found in two (1.4%) of the homosexual men and in 123 (98%) of IVDU. T
Arendrup M; Sonnerborg A; Svennerholm B; Akerblom L; Nielsen C; Clausen H; Olofsson S; Nielsen JO; Hansen JE; Department of Infectious Diseases 144, University of Copenhagen,; Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
The paradox that group-specific neutralizing antibodies (NA) exist in the majority of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients, whereas the NA response against autologous HIV-1 virus isolates is highly type-specific, motivated us to study the type- and group-specific NA responses generated upon pr
Science. 1993 May 28;260(5112):1286-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/93262486
Johnston MI; Hoth DF; Basic Research and Development Program, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of; Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892.
Since the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 1983, significant progress has been made toward the discovery, development, and licensing of anti-HIV drugs. In vitro screens against whole virus are now being complemented by screens against specific viral targets, resulting in the development of clinical c
Lazard T; Perronne C; Cohen Y; Grosset J; Vilde JL; Pocidalo JJ; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale,; Unite 13, Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
We compared the activities of two different biological-response modifiers with that of clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium complex infection in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were pretreated daily with clarithromycin (50 mg/kg of body weight subcutaneously [s.c.]), RU-40555 (100 mg/kg s.c.), or granulocyte colony-stimulati
Emori M; Saito H; Sato K; Tomioka H; Setogawa T; Hidaka T; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shimane Medical; University, Izumo, Japan.
The therapeutic efficacy of the benzoxazinorifamycin KRM-1648 was studied in an experimental rabbit infection system with avian Mycobacterium avium. The infected rabbits died from Yersin type infections, a peculiar type of experimental bovine tuberculosis characterized by a very rapid course, enlargement of the spleen
McMahon JB; Gulakowski RJ; Weislow OS; Schultz RJ; Narayanan VL; Clanton DJ; Pedemonte R; Wassmundt FW; Buckheit RW Jr; Decker WD; et al; Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development,; NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland; 21702-1201.
A series of variously substituted diarylsulfones and related derivatives were found to prevent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication and HIV-1-induced cell killing in vitro. One of the more potent derivatives, 2-nitrophenyl phenyl sulfone (NPPS), completely protected human CEM-SS lymphoblastoid cells
The (-) enantiomers of 2 ,3 -dideoxy-5-fluoro-3 -thiacytidine [(-)-FTC] and 2 ,3 -dideoxy-3 -thiacytidine [(-)-BCH-189] were recently shown to inhibit selectively human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) and hepatitis B virus in vitro. In the current study, the potential for HIV type 1 (HIV-1) resistance to these compound
Chatenoud L; Volpini W; Timsit J; Boitard C; Bach JF; Department of Immunology, INSERM U25, Hopital Necker, Paris,; France.
The monoclonal antibodies 2H4 and 4B4 are specifically directed against CD45RA and CD29 antigens, respectively, which are expressed on both CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. We used them to monitor the distribution of these T-cell subsets in 19 recent-onset IDDM patients (26 +/- 7 yr of age [mean +/- SD throughout]) receivin
Rideout D; Schinazi R; Pauza CD; Lovelace K; Chiang LC; Calogeropoulou T; McCarthy M; Elder JH; Department of Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Scripps; Clinic, La Jolla, California 92037.
We have developed a series of 4-amino-3,6-disulfonato-1,8-naphthalimide (ADSN) derivatives in an attempt to create nontoxic compounds effective against lentivirus infections. The ADSN derivative Lucifer Yellow CH ([N-(hydra zinocarbonyl)amino]-4-amino-3,6-disulfonato-1,8-naphthalimid e) (LYCH) was chosen as a parent c
Loveday C; Tedder RS; Department of Medical Microbiology, University College and; Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), using recombinant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT; p66), are described for the measurement of RT antigen and serum antibodies to RT (anti-RT). The ELISA for anti-RT was developed in qualitative and quantitative forms, both were highly specific (100%, 0/859; 99.6%, 3/859), th
Beress A; Wassermann O; Bruhn T; Beress L; Kraiselburd EN; Gonzalez LV; de Motta GE; Chavez PI; Institute of Toxicology, Christian Albrechts-Universitat, Kiel,; Germany.
Anti-HIV-active polysaccharides and polyphenols were isolated from the brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus by hot H2O extraction of both the intact and the homogenized algae. This was followed by XAD2 chromatography and by sequential precipitation of the non-adsorbed compounds with glacial HOAc and thereafter with EtOH. T
Kimata JT; Palker TJ; Ratner L; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
The presence of a high number of activated T cells in the bloodstream and spontaneous proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro are striking characteristics of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection. The HTLV-I regulatory protein Tax and the envelope protein gp46 have been implicated
Andeweg AC; Leeflang P; Osterhaus AD; Bosch ML; Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health; and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
To map the regions of the external envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) involved in the process of membrane fusion, we determined the syncytium-inducing capacity of a panel of transiently expressed chimeric envelope genes. This panel was generated by exchanging gene fragments between f
Gray KD; Roth MJ; Department of Biochemistry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School,; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway; 08854-5635.
The env gene products of Moloney murine leukemia virus are required for binding and entry of the virus into the target cell. Thirty-three linker insertion mutations were constructed throughout the env gene of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Twenty of the mutations were located in the surface protein (SU), and the remai
La Posta VJ; Auperin DD; Kamin-Lewis R; Cole GA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Maryland, Baltimore 21201.
Recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the Lassa virus (LV) envelope glycoprotein precursor, V-LSGPC, was used to study the basis of LV-induced cross-protective immunity against the closely related arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). C3H/HeJ mice primed with V-LSGPC developed neither circulating antib
Shattock RJ; Friedland JS; Griffin GE; Division of Communicable Diseases, St. George's Hospital Medical; School, Tooting, London, United Kingdom.
Macrophage adherence, an important regulatory signal, has the potential to affect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) production either directly or by priming monocytes to respond to other activating signals. We have investigated the role of adherence as an activator of HIV-1 transcription and release. The effects of a
Nishimura M; Akaza T; Mitomi Y; Nieda M; Minami M; Juji T; Japanese Red Cross, Central Blood Center, Tokyo.
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones specific for human minor histocompatibility (hmH) antigens were generated in vitro from PBL, of a healthy female donor, which had been repeatedly stimulated with PBL MHC antigens of her healthy, genotypically identical brother (HLA type of the siblings was A11/A2 B35/B62 Cw4/Cw- DR4.2/DR9
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