(Producer) Seven women discuss their concerns about AIDS and explore issues facing today s sexually active adults: sexual identity, relationships, changing roles of women, sexual decision making, and safer sex behavior.
San Francisco, CA : Exodus Trust, c1987 1 videocassette (19 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 guide Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9200964A
Marquis L
(Producer) Three role-plays raise important questions that must be considered before taking the HIV antibody test. Positive and negative results are explained.
(Producer) Looks at the many individuals and organizations that have provided services for people with AIDS in San Francisco. Features interviews with the director of a home delivery meal service, a massage therapist, an alternative treatment researcher, and an art class instructor.
(Producer) Explores the underlying issues of how HIV/AIDS can exacerbate problems such as racism, sexism, child care, and lack of adequate health care for women. Focuses on issues specific to women.
(Producer) Six experts on AIDS in the Black community discuss discrimination in health care delivery to minorities, risk factors most common to Blacks, and the need for culturally specific interventions. Limited funding sources for Black programs are also discussed. Two case studies are presented at the end.
(Producer) People from several different ethnic groups discuss cultural factors that affect issues related to HIV in the Hispanic, Asian, and Black communities. Family relations, religions, attitudes towards death, dying, homosexuality, condom use, and sexual behavior are discussed.
(Producer) This film features six volunteers who facilitate support groups for PWAs. Various types of groups such as groups for PWAs only, families of PWAs, women with AIDS, and children with AIDS are described. The definition and function of the facilitator in each group are discussed.
Birmingham, AL : Health Promotion Services, c1989 1 computer disk : col. ; 3 1/2 in. + 2 guides (Professional training human development series) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9201113A
Beverly Hills, CA (P.O. Box 6785, Beverly Hills 90212) : Published for the PreVenT Group by Specific Press, c1987 xii, 216 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9210110
Transmissiveis/AIDS [Brasilia] : Ministry of Health, National Secretariat for Special Health Programs, National Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases/AIDS, Brazil, [between 1988 and 1991] 73 p. (some folded) : ill., maps (Series Politics) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9211708
Jacksonville, FL : Published by the Florida Medical Association in conjunction with the Florida Dept. of Health and Rehabilitative Services, c1989 v, 202 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9211142
Washington, D.C. (38th and R Sts., NW, Washington 20057) : [Distributed by] Maternal and Child Health Clearinghouse, [1989 or 1990] 1 v. (loose-leaf) : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9211054
New York (130 W. 42nd St., Suite 2500, New York 10036) : Sex Information and Education Council of the United States, 1990 iv, 100 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9210108
New York, NY (121 Avenue of the Americas, Sixth Floor, New York 10013) : Citizens Commission on AIDS for New York City and Northern New Jersey, [1990] iv, 47 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9210526
Washington, D.C. : Center for International Research, U.S. Bureau of the Census, [1990] viii, 37 p. : ill (CIR staff paper ; no. 53) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9210345
New York, NY (121 Avenue of the Americas, 6th floor, New York 10013) : Citizens Commission on AIDS for New York City and Northern New Jersey, [1991] xii, 27 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9211771
[Oxford?] : Royal Society of Medicine Services, c1991 vi, 89 p. : ill (Round table series / Royal Society of Medicine Services, ISSN 0268-3091 ; no. 25) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9211612
Scripps Memorial Hospitals Tenth Annual Cancer Symposium for Nurses. October 22-24, 1990, La Jolla, CA, Thomas T Stevens Cancer Center of Scripps Memorial Hospitals, 218 p., 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680730
Anonymous; No affiliation given
The Scripps Memorial Hospitals Tenth Annual Cancer Symposium was held October 22-24, 1990, in La Jolla, CA. The major sessions focused on new topics in the 90s, challenges in patient management, survivorship issues, surgical oncology, colorectal malignancies, and pain management. Abstracts and papers on the following
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 15, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682371
De The G; Epidemiology of Oncogenic Viruses Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris,; France
Since their discovery 10 yr ago, essential information has been obtained on the human oncoretroviruses HTLV-I and HTLV-II. Their long-standing presence in human populations in America and Africa suggests that physiological controls kept these infections latent. Their pathogenic potential needs specific conditions and
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 23, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682379
Facchinetti A; Panozzo M; Pertile P; Biasi G; Inst. of Oncology, Univ. of Padova, Padova, Italy
Superantigen binding (SEB) to MHC class II molecules, and to mature T cells bearing receptors encoded by specific V beta gene segments, induces strong proliferative responses in vitro. Nevertheless, in vivo exposure to Mlsa or SEB can lead in a few weeks to specific tolerance in the mature T-cell compartment through a
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 29, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682385
Gallo RC; Lab. of Tumor Cell Biology, NCI, Bethesda, MD
In the last decade, four human retroviruses have been discovered belonging to two different types: leukemia viruses (HTLVs) and immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs). Similar viruses have been found in primates and ungulate animals with analogous disease outcomes. HTLV-1 primarily causes adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), tropica
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Disease. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 35, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682391
Haseltine WA; Ramstedt U; Grassman R; Poznansky M; Sodroski J; McGuire K; Fleckenstein B; Dana Farber Cancer Inst., Harvard Medical Sch., Boston, MA
The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is capable of immortalizing primary human T cells in culture. The IL-2-dependent cell lines which result from infection with HIV-1 are large activated T lymphocytes that are CD3+, CD4+, CD5+, express high-affinity IL-2 receptors, and express a high concentration of surfa
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Disease. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 51, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682402
Longmore G; Lodish H; Whitehead Inst. for Biomedical Res., MIT, Cambridge, MA
Friend virus, a murine erythroleukemia virus, is a complex of two viruses: a replication-competent helper virus, Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) and a replication-defective retrovirus, Friend spleen focus-forming virus (F-SFFV). The pathologic consequences of Friend disease are determined by the genome of the de
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Disease. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 69, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682414
HTLV and HIV are complex retroviruses producing several additional proteins and regulating their expression via two essential regulatory factors. While HIV-1 produces more than 30 different mRNAs, HTLV-1 had been shown to produce three mRNAs. We investigated whether additional mRNAs can be produced by HTLV-1 by altern
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Disease. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 76, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682417
Rhim JS; Kim CM; Vogel J; Jay G; NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892
Patients with AIDS develop a wide range of cutaneous disorders, such as squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas, Kaposi s sarcoma and non-neoplastic lesions, including psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis. Since these individuals are frequently infected not only by HIV but also by other agents including the human papil
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 86, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682426
Schatzl H; Yakovleva L; Rose D; Inzhiia L; Lapin B; Deinhardt F; von der Helm K; Max von Pettenkofer Inst., Univ. of Munich, Munich, Germany
The high lymphoma-prone baboon stock (Papio hamadryas) of the Sukhumi Primate Center colony (USSR) is characterized by a high seroprevalence of antibodies to the STLV-I/HTLV-I type retrovirus. It is further characterized by a manifestation of nearly 80-100% of T-cell malignancies. In contrast, in other primate colon
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 104, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682442
Wong PK; Shikoval E; Lin YC; Aaha K; Szurek PF; Madden R; Brooks BR; UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park-Res. Div.,; Smithville, TX 78957
The ts1 mutant of Moloney murine leukemia virus TB causes a degenerative neurologic and immunologic disease in mice, characterized by development of spongiform encephalomyelopathy resulting in hindlimb paralysis, marked thymic atrophy associated with immunodeficiency and general bodywasting. T cells, particularly CD4+
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol; 117(Suppl II):S61 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92685908
Stingl G; Div. of Cutaneous Immunobiology, Dept. of Dermatology 1, Univ. of; Vienna Medical Sch., Alser Strasse 4, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
When, in the not-so-distant past, the skin was discussed in the context of immunological reactions, it was solely viewed as a target for immunological effector systems. Recent advances have radically changed the concept of an exclusively passive role of the skin in the immune response. In fact, there now exists ample
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A709 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92681438
Kavanagh J; Lippman S; Paredes M; Kudelka A; Paredes P; Delgadillo F; Silva E; Holdener E; Hong W; Wharton JT; et al; UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
A Phase II trial of 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cRA) plus recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha 2A) was conducted in advanced untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. 13-cRA was given po at 1 mg/kg daily and IFN-alpha 2A sc at 6 x 10(6) U/day. Patients (pts) were examined monthly by two physicians for determina
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A2358 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92684459
Zeidner NS; Mathiason-DuBard CK; Hoover EA; Dept. of Pathology, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523
The treatment of FeLV-FAIDS viremia utilizing IFN alpha, alone or in combination with AZT , resulted in a significant reduction in circulating virus load. However, the antiviral effect of IFN alpha was limited by the production of antibodies to IFN alp
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A2238 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92684789
Wright J; Takimoto C; Carbone D; Allegra C; Medicine and Navy-Med. Oncology Branches, NCI, Bethesda MD 20892
Zinc finger genes 225 (EGR-1) and 592 (EGR-2) are rapidly and transiently expressed in cells transiting from G0 to G1. In contrast, T cells transformed by HTLV-I or HTLV-II constitutively express these genes suggesting that dysregulation of these factors plays a critical role in transformation. We investigated solid t
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A2383 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92685653
Mills DL; Elford HL; van't Riet B; Webb SR; Biology Dept., Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA 23284
Didox, a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, currently in clinical trials based on its anticancer activity in animal tumor models, was tested in a retrovirus murine model to determine the requirement for deoxynucleotide synthesis for retrovirus replication and to investigate the potential of Didox to enhance the effec
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A3177 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92685712
Moore AL; Chrin LR; Mathews LA; McCormack JJ; Dept. of Pharmacology, Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
NSC 619858 (SCA) is a succinylated derivative of concanavalin A that has shown provocative activity against HIV in vitro. SCA can be detected using a standard ELISA, as well as a modified ELISA, in representative biological fluids and tissue extracts obtained from mice. Concentrations of SCA as low as 1 ng/ml can be d
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A3291 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92685831
May RD; Murphy MJ Jr; Parchment RE; Huang M; Osborn BL; Tomaszewski JE; Page JG; Southern Res. Inst., Birmingham, AL 35205
An important aspect of the preclinical evaluation of a developmental anticancer or anti-HIV drug is potential myelotoxicity. Five investigational drugs and 3 -azido-3 deoxythymidine ( AZT ) were assessed for their toxicity to mouse and human bone marrow
Fifteenth Symposium of the International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases. October 6-11, 1991, Padova/Venice, Italy, p. 7, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682365
Though HTLV-I is the etiological agent of ATL, the role of viral gene expression in the generation, maintenance and progression of the leukemic state in vivo is unclear, in light of the inability of most previous studies to routinely find HTLV-I RNA in infected individuals. We reexamined the lack of viral expression,
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A2179 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92684726
Im GJ; Tramontano E; Gonzalez CJ; Cheng YC; Dept. of Pharmacology, Yale Univ. Sch. of Medicine, New Haven, CT; 06510
A recombinant clone of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT) with reduced sensitivity to azidothymidine and phosphonoformate has been obtained from HTLV-IIIB using the polymerase chain reaction. The mutant RT retained enzyme activity and was cross-resistant to other nucleoside analogs includin
McHale MT; Roberts IN; Talbot NJ; Oliver RP; Norwich Molecular Plant Pathology Group, School of Biological; Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, England.
Antibodies raised against intercellular fluid antigens isolated from diseased tomato leaves have revealed that the fungal pathogen Fulvia fulva expresses genes for a fungal reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA polymerase). This enzyme is required for the replication of retroviruses and retroviral-like transposable
Ankobiah WA; Finch P; Powell S; Heurich A; Shivaram I; Kamholz SL; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, State University of New York,; Brooklyn 11203.
We retrospectively reviewed the records of 71 patients to determine the epidemiologic and clinical features of pleural tuberculosis in patients with and without AIDS and compared the composition of pleural fluid in these two groups of patients. By age, race, sex, and country of birth, the 21 AIDS and 50 non-AIDS patie
Various investigations into the prevalence of HIV2 infection undertaken on samples of senegalese rural populations from Casamance, Eastern Senegal , the Thies Region and the Ferlo Region, show a gradient from south to north. Levels vary from 0.9% (western Casamance) to 0% (Ferlo).
Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1990 Jul-Aug;45(4):171-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92302723
Amato Neto V; Braz LM; Jamra LM; Higaki Y; Pasternak J; Laboratorio de Investigacao Medica-Parasitologia, Hospital; das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo.
Toxoplasma gondii has been found in saliva of patients with toxoplasmosis. We tried to isolate parasites in saliva in patients with AIDS. As it is known, the finding of antitoxoplasma antibodies is not useful for diagnosis of cerebral abscess in toxoplasmosis occurring in AIDS patients in
Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1990 Jul-Aug;45(4):188-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92302727
Nunez MR; Sakai P; Ishioka S; Laudanna AA; Gastroenterologia Clinica, (Dep. Gastroenterologia), Faculdade; de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo.
The occurrence of abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome has been attributed more frequently to enteropathogen organisms that invade the body in consequence of the immunologic unbalance of the host. Among several causes the cryptosporidiosis has been detected with s
Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1990 Nov-Dec;45(6):244-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92302730
Mattar R; da Fonseca LE; da Silva LC; Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clinicas de Sao; Paulo.
T lymphocyte subsets were studied in 18 patients with chronic AgHBe positive hepatitis. The study was carried out before, during and after a ten week course of prednisone therapy. There was no statistically significant difference during and after prednisone therapy in patients with hepatitis as to the total lymphocyte
Acta Med Leg Soc (Liege). 1990;40:285-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92303324
Huckenbeck W; Bonte W; Institute of Legal Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University,; Dusseldorf, Germany.
The paper reports on the distribution of five plasma protein polymorphisms in serum samples from HIV-seropositive patients. In the GC-C III- and TF*C-systems the authors did not find any significant evidence for an association between serum markers and HIV-infection. In the PI- and BF-system we found unusual features
Bonner BC; Poulton TA; Department of Pathology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital; Medical School, U.K.
Anti-lymphocyte antibodies (ALA) have been detected in the plasma of 53.8% of HIV-positive patients tested (CD4/CD8 ratios: mean 0.265; range 0.01 to 0.5) using analytical continuous-flow cytofluorometry. IgG from the AIDS plasma was seen to bind to normal PBL in 53.8% of cases (14/26). In double labelling experiments
Richalet-Secordel PM; Van Regenmortel MH; Laboratoire d'Immunochimie, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et; Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France.
A new capture test utilizing conjugated peptides has been developed for the detection of antibodies elicited against HIV-1. Human sera diluted 1:1000 were incubated in ELISA plates precoated with protein G. The captured IgG were allowed to react with three synthetic peptides corresponding to the gp41 sequence (591-611
Civitello LA; Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Children's National; Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, D.C.
Neurologic abnormalities occur frequently in children with symptomatic HIV-1 infection (class P2) and include cognitive, language and motor deficits, as well as acquired microcephaly. Neurologic abnormalities can be seen as early as the first 3 months of age and can precede signs of immune deficiency and systemic illn
Perosa F; Dannecker G; Ferrone S; Dammacco F; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University; of Bari Medical School, Italy.
Immunization of BALB/c mice with the mouse anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) HP2/6 resulted in the production of anti-idiotypic antibodies. Analysis of the kinetics of the development of anti-idiotypic antibodies showed a homogeneous response among the immunized animals. Cross-blocking assays performed with anti-CD4
Bull Mem Acad R Med Belg. 1991;146(8-10):346-54; discussion 354-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92274091
Henrion R; Clinique universitaire de Gynecologie-Obstetrique de; Port-Royal, Paris.
The proportion of women among AIDS. patients in Europe is progressively rising. The male-to-female sex ratio had constantly decreased from 11.7% through 1984 (17 countries) to 5 in 1990 (31 countries). The proportion of female cases is greatest in Southern Europe, France and
Chung Hua Yen Ko Tsa Chih. 1991 Sep;27(5):302-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92274804
Sun BJ; Henan Institute of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou.
The T-lymphocyte subsets T11, T4, T8, and the T4/T8 ratio in peripheral blood of patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) were determined by means of monoclonal antibodies. The patients included dendritic keratitis 7 cases, geographic keratitis 7 cases, disciform keratitis 7 cases, metaherpetic keratitis 5 cases,
Osther K; Kellermann G; Ugen KE; Williams WV; Weiner DB; Verigen Inc., San Diego, CA 92121.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) induces progressive and fatal disease in infected hosts. Initially the human immune response appears to control HIV infection. This hypothesis is supported by the long latency period observed during HIV infection prior to development of the active disease state. Similarly the o
The antiretroviral activity, tolerance and toxicity of two different antiviral drug combinations were assessed and compared in a randomized, crossover pilot study in 16 HIV-1 p24 antigenaemic subjects with asymptomatic HIV infection. Oral zidovudine 250 mg twice daily was combined with either oral
Hernandez Quero J; Ortego Centeno N; Castillo Amaro R; Higuera Torres-Puchol JM; Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Granada Hospital, Spain.
Pyomyositis is an acute bacterial infection of striated muscle. It is common in the tropics, but rarely reported in temperate climates. We present two cases in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), one an active homosexual, and one an intravenous drug user. A brief review of the clinical findin
We observed an atypical Pneumocystis infection with spontaneous pneumothorax, bronchopleural fistulae, an apical cyst and Pneumocystis pleuritis after aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis in an AIDS patient. These findings suggest a failure of pentamidine aerosol in controlling active Pneumocystis infection in peripher
Int J Dermatol. 1991 Dec;30(12):857-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92275879
Sehgal VN; Gupta MM; Jain VK; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Maulana Azad Medical; College, New Delhi, India.
Total T-, B-, T4-, and T8-lymphocyte populations were estimated in tissue sections of ulcers from 22 donovanosis patients, comprising 17 ulcerogranulomatous, four hypertrophic, and one sclerotic variants, using monoclonal antibodies and immunohistochemical technique (PAP). T- and B-lymphocytic infiltrations in the tis
Kaye S; Loveday C; Tedder RS; Division of Virology, University College and Middlesex School of; Medicine, London, U.K.
Methods used in the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) usually require the separation of lymphocytes from a whole-blood sample within 24 hours of patient sampling. A method is described in which blood samples are mixed with a cryopreservative ( Gly
J Tongji Med Univ. 1991;11(2):106-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92277714
Pan TC; Chen QF; Zhang LH; Shen YZ; Xie ZP; Yang MS; Bu BT; Cao XB; Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical; University, Wuhan.
This paper reports 30 cases of myasthenia gravis (MG) treated by thymectomy from 1965 to 1990 in our hospital. Of all the 30 cases of MG, peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulation was determined in 10, and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody titer in 6, before and after operation. The results demonstrated the efficac
Pauwels R; Schols D; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus which replicates within critical cells of the immune system, particularly CD4+ T-cells and monocyte/macrophages, leading to a progressive loss of helper T-cells and profound immunosuppression. This condition is known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS
Bol Asoc Med P R. 1991 Aug;83(8):340-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92281613
Galindo LM; Franceschini A; Soltero E; Davila R; Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Ramon Ruiz; Arnau, Universidad Central del Caribe Bayamon, Puerto Rico.
This article presents a case of a young, otherwise asymptomatic male patient with a parotid gland enlargement. The initial clinical history did not reveal any risk factors related with HIV infection. A fine needle aspiration biopsy of the lesion showed a benign cystic lymphoepithelial lesion of the parotid gland. This
A single systemic injection of acromelic acid, a novel kainate analogue, caused long-lasting spastic paraparesis in the rat. Two rats that developed paraparesis were neuropathologically examined one week and three months after the injection, respectively. Numerous degenerated neurons with marked reactive gliosis were
Dtsch Zahnarztl Z. 1991 Aug;46(8):542-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92289566
Hickel R; Meier C; Schiele R; Raab W; Petschelt A; Poliklinik fur Zahnerhaltung und Parodontologie der Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg.
In an interdisciplinary study starting 2.5 years ago patients with various symptoms, which they associate with amalgam fillings, were examined. According to the first results of this study with 50 patients, the Hg-concentration in urine does correlate with the amount of amalgam fillings before and after taking DMPS (2
Enriquez FJ; Sterling CR; Division of Biotechnology, Arizona Health Sciences Center,; University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite of man and animals, is an important etiological agent of diarrhea throughout the world, particularly in children and immunocompromised individuals such as AIDS patients. Unfortunately, because of the lack of both in vivo laboratory models and reliable in vitro parasite culture sys
Microsporidian spores isolated from a urine sample of an HIV-positive patient were inoculated onto monolayers of six different cell cultures. The parasites (CDC:0291:V213) grew profusely in two of the cultures (HLF and E6) and extruded spores into the culture medium. The spores were Gram-positive, 2.25- to 2.8-microns
Desportes-Livage I; Hilmarsdottir I; Romana C; Tanguy S; Datry A; Gentilini M; Departement de Parasitologie et Pathologie Tropicale, Unite; INSERM 313, Paris, France.
Ultrastructural studies were done on developmental stages of Enterocytozoon bieneusi obtained from HIV seropositive patients suffering from diarrhea. The presence of elaborate multilamellar structures suggest that they give rise to various membrane systems needed for rapid production of disseminating stages.
Meulbroek JA; Novilla MN; Current WL; Pathology Division, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and; Co., Indianapolis, IN 46285.
A rat model is described in which animals develop respiratory cryptosporidiosis, a disease which is well documented in immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS. Our present lack of knowledge of the pathophysiology and immunology of Cryptosporidium parvum respiratory infections warrants the development of
Le Marchand-Auffret B; Polianski J; Roux P; Service de Parasitologie, CHU Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.
We attempted to cultivate Pneumocystis carinii obtained from two bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of AIDS patients with P. carinii pneumonia, in a system wherein cysteine and 2-mercaptoethanol were substituted for the feeder cells. The presence of P. carinii cysts was monitored for 11 days under conditions of continuous
Scaglia M; Bruno A; Chichino G; Atzori C; Cevini C; Gatti S; Department of Infectious Diseases, University-IRCCS San Matteo,; Pavia, Italy.
Cryptosporidiosis has emerged as one of the life-threatening opportunistic enteric infections in HIV-infected persons. To date, Cryptosporidium parvum is known to infect man via person-to-person or zoonotic transmission. We studied the sequential stages of the life cycle of C. parvum by Normarski interference-contrast
Gutteridge WE; Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, England.
Hydroxynaphthoquinone 566C80 was synthesised and initially developed as an antimalarial with potent activity against drug-resistant strains of the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Subsequent studies have revealed that in addition, this compound has experimental activity, both in vitro and in vivo, agains
Weikel C; Lazenby A; Belitsos P; McDewitt M; Fleming HE Jr; Barbacci M; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Two of three patients treated with high doses of spiramycin for Cryptosporidium infection developed acute intestinal injury. Spiramycin at high doses may be directly toxic to the intestinal epithelium and thus may have limited utility as therapy for cryptosporidiosis in AIDS patients.
Kassa M; Comby E; Lemeteil D; Brasseur P; Ballet JJ; Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunopathologie, C.H.R.U., Caen,; France.
Human antibody response to Cryptosporidium parvum has been previously shown as involving immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG isotypes. The interest in anti-cryptosporidial IgA antibody response has been recently stimulated by studies on the therapeutic effects of secretory IgA antibodies to Cryptosporidium in animal models a
Gomez Morales MA; Pozio E; Croppo GP; Laboratory of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.
Cryptosporidium-specific circulating antigens were detected in sera of experimentally infected calves and AIDS patients by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antigenemia was detectable from 2 to a minimum of 22 days post-infection (d.p.i.) in calves whose feces were parasitologically positive from 2-10 d.p.i. Antig
Baughman RP; Dohn MN; Frame PT; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical; Center, OH 45267-0564.
We studied inflammatory cells retrieved by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from immunocompromised patients with or without Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Twenty-four patients with PCP, and 20 patients without PCP underwent lavages of both an uninvolved lobe and the lobe involved in pulmonary infection. Patients wi
Traore L; Roux P; Poirot JL; Chouaid C; el Helali N; Marteau-Miltgen M; Denis M; Balmy-Rapontchombo F; Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.
An indirect immunofluorescence monoclonal antibody assay was found to have higher sensitivity than usual stains for the detection of Pneumocystis carinii, particularly in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids in which there are only a few parasites, as in HIV-patients or in HIV+ patients with prophylaxis or treatment. For pat
Galan F; Oliver JL; Roux P; Poirot JL; Bereziat G; Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU Saint Antoine, Paris, France.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using published primers and probes has been compared to conventional stains and immunofluorescence for diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii. We have screened 71 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from HIV-immunosuppressed patients. Of 34 samples negative by conventional stains and imm
Two ocular infectious disorders attributed to Microsporidia have been observed. They differ in that one infection involves the corneal stroma leading to corneal ulceration and suppurative keratitis whereas the other infection involves the conjunctival and corneal epithelium. The corneal stromal infection is caused by
Dohn MN; Frame PT; Baughman RP; Lafon SW; Smulian AG; Caldwell P; Rogers MD; University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio 45267-0564.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia continues to be a cause of morbidity and mortality in AIDS patients. Current therapies have a high rate of toxicity and failure. Compound 566C80 is a 1-4,hydroxynaphthoquinone with potent antiprotozoal activity which shows good efficacy and safety in 21-day treatment trials of P. carinii
Flanigan T; Marshall R; Redman D; Kaetzel C; Ungar B; Department of Medicine, University Hospitals, Case Western; Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
An in vitro model of Cryptosporidium parvum infection was developed utilizing an adherent human intestinal epithelial cell line HT29.74. The efficacy of potential immunologic therapy in the form of Cryptosporidium-specific hyperimmune bovine colostrum was evaluated for the ability to inhibit in vitro infection. Oocyst
Schluger N; Sepkowitz K; Armstrong D; Bernard E; Rifkin M; Cerami A; Bucala R; New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, NY 10021.
Amplification of DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) offers a highly sensitive and specific method for detecting DNA sequences in biological samples. We applied this technology to develop an assay for the P. carinii dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene. This assay was found to be sensitive enough to detect as li
Blumenfeld W; McCook O; Griffiss JM; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Veterans Administration Medical; Center, San Francisco, California.
Interaction between human monocyte-derived macrophages with human Pneumocystis carinii was examined in this study. Macrophages formed aggregates around P. carinii in the presence of heat-inactivated, but not native serum. This interaction is distinct from phagocytosis and appears to be analogous to granuloma formation
Nelson RG; Kim K; Gooze L; Petersen C; Gut J; Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, San Francisco; General Hospital, University of California 94143.
Microtubules and microfilaments are highly conserved cytoskeletal polymers hypothesized to play essential biomechanical roles in the unusual gliding motility of Apicomplexan zoites and in their invasion of, and development within, host epithelial cells. We have identified and isolated Cryptosporidium parvum genes enco
Matsumoto Y; Yamada M; Amagai T; Department of Applied Immunology, Faculty of Agriculture,; University of Tokyo.
Pneumocystis pneumonia is the most serious opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with AIDS. Approved therapy is limited to pentamidine and inhibitors of folic acid synthesis, but these drugs show a high rate of adverse reactions in AIDS patients emphasizing the urgent need for addit
Canning EU; Hollister WS; Department of Biology, Imperial College of Science, Technology; and Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
The numerous infections of microsporidia which have been diagnosed in patients with AIDS have revealed the potential of these organisms for establishing themselves when the immune status of the host is compromised. Two species of Encephalitozoon, E. cuniculi and E. hellem, have been diagnosed in man, the former infect
Didier ES; Shadduck JA; Didier PJ; Millichamp N; Vossbrinck CR; Department of Microbiology, Tulane University Regional Primate; Research Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433.
Sera from six ocular microsporidiosis patients and eight individuals with no history of microsporidiosis were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by Western blot immunodetection. Microsporidia used as antigen include Nosema corneum, Encephalitozoon
Aji T; Flanigan T; Marshall R; Kaetzel C; Aikawa M; Department of Parasitology, Okayama University Medical School,; Japan.
The lack of a well-defined in vitro model of Cryptosporidium infection has severely hampered research on the biology of parasitic invasion of the host cell and on intracellular development of the parasite. In vitro infection of the differentiated human enterocyte cell line HT29.74 was studied by electron microscopy to
Kitada K; Oka S; Kimura S; Shimada K; Nakamura Y; Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.
The polymerase chain reaction technique was used to detect Pneumocystis carinii by amplifying the P. carinii 5S ribosomal DNA. The efficacy and specificity of this diagnostic method is reported. Analysis of patients sputa indicate that the method can be used on these samples for the diagnosis of P. carinii pneumonia.
Cali A; Orenstein JM; Kotler DP; Owen R; Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ; 07102.
Enterocytozoon bieneusi was first described by electron microscopy in 1985 in intestinal biopsies from an AIDS patient. It has subsequently been observed in many AIDS patients with chronic diarrhea from the U.S.A., Africa, and Europe. Morphologically, this parasite meets the criteria for being a microsporidian but has
Susceptibility and development of resistance to 5-FC in Candida strains isolated from 4 defined groups of probands was investigated. 5-FC-susceptibility was determined in a microdilution assay in yeast nitrogen base after 24 h incubation at 37 degrees C. The range investigated ranked between 5-FC-concentrations from 0
Brockmeyer NH; Hantschke D; Olbricht T; Hengge UA; Goos M; Klinik fur Dermatologie und Venerologie, Universitat Essen.
In 20 HIV-patients (17 male homosexuals, 1 male and 1 female i.v. drug abuser and 1 female patient with M. Willebrand-Jurgens) Candida esophagitis was diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Clinically they presented retrosternal pain or an exacerbation of oral candidosis under local antimycotics. The diagnosis of Ca
Flores-Castaneda MS; Salinas-Carmona MC; Yanez-Rodriguez A; Departamento de Immunologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad; Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
Sera from 124 persons in high risk groups were analyzed including homosexuals, blood recipients, and spouses or siblings from AIDS patients. In this study, 118 individuals had a positive ELISA for anti-HIV antibodies. Six persons had a complete immunodeficiency syndrome and a negative ELISA test. In the Western blot,
Garcia Uribe JA; Padua Gabriel A; Quintana O; Garcia Vazquez A; de la Escosura G; Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Respiratorios, Division de; Neumologia Adultos, Mexico, D.F.
Invasive amebiasis is a very serious health problem in Mexico as it is presumably related to the presence of virulent strains of Entamoeba histolytica and poor hygienic and sanitary conditions; other factors related to invasive amebiasis are undernutrition, alcoholism, and homosexu
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1991 Sep;22(3):332-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92294981
Liu TC; Chan YC; Han P; Division of Laboratory Hematology, National University Hospital,; Singapore.
Secondary dengue fever as dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome is a potentially fatal complication of an infection that presents with few clinical signs that help in the diagnosis. Previous workers have reported the value of buffy coat determinations of atypical lymphocytes as an aid to the diagnosis. We
Drenaggi D; Petrelli E; Cagnoni G; Ancarani F; Agostinelli M; Giacometti A; Scalise G; Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Universita degli Studi,; Ancona, Italy.
The Authors report that in their experience in the therapy of HIV infection related thrombocytopenia with IG at the classic dose of 0.4 gr/Kg/day x 5 days. Moreover they report their experience in a patient with repeated single-dose infusions at low dosage. They treated four patients, who were drug-addicts, with HIV i
Scano G; Luzi G; Mezzaroma I; Aiuti F; Vellucci A; Guastini L; Lepri F; Starnini G; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of; Rome, La Sapienza.
A jail population has been followed for one year to study the risk of HIV-seroconversion. Our data show that life in jail is not necessarily a condition for HIV spread. In fact no variation of seropositivity distribution has been found.
Chung Hua Yen Ko Tsa Chih. 1991 Nov;27(6):345-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92298839
Jai H; Zhang RX; Department of Ophthalmology, Third Teaching Hospital, Bethune; University of Medical Sciences, Changchun.
23 postoperative patients of keratoplasty were instilled 1% cyclosporin A eyedrops in addition to routine systemic corticosteroids, with reduced rate of rejection and increased rate of transparency of the corneal grafts. The values of OKT3, OKT4/OKT8 ratio, and Et-RFC were also reduced in comparison with those of the
Chung Hua Yen Ko Tsa Chih. 1991 Nov;27(6):358-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92298844
Zhang MD; Huang SR; Department of Ophthalmology, Workers' General Hospital, Benxi; Steel Co., Anhui Province.
Dynamic changes of peripheral blood T-cell subsets and their transformation rate were studied in 77 cases of EU. The results showed that the percentages of T3+ and T4+ cells, and the T4+/T8+ ratio decreased, while the percentage of T8+ cells increased, and the T-cell transformation rate was significantly lowered. The
Reddy LV; Zammit C; Center for Molecular Biology, MCHT, Wayne State University,; Detroit, MI 48201.
Pneumocystis carinii is known to proliferate mainly in the lung of an immunocompromised host. In AIDS and other immune disorders sporadic extrapulmonary presence of this organism has been documented. Occasionally, P. carinii does not appear to infect the lung. These observations have been based on the detection of P.
Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih. 1991 Nov;30(11):685-7, 729-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92274720
Pang XG; Tang DJ; Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang Medical University, Hangzhou.
Immunological studies were carried out in three HIV-seropositive hemophiliacs and the results were compared with those of 26 HIV-seronegative hemophiliacs 18 normal controls. In the three HIV-seropositive hemophiliacs it was demonstrated that there was a decrease in peripheral helper T cells, a fact significantly diff
Chung Hua Yen Ko Tsa Chih. 1991 Sep;27(5):305-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92274805
He YL; Mai CK; Department of Ophthalmology, Xiehe Hospital, Tongji Medical; University, Wuhan.
The peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets in 52 patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) were assessed with monoclonal antibodies. There was marked decrease in WuT3+ and WuT4+, and increase in WuT8+ with consequent diminution of WuT4+/WuT8+ ratio in stromal HSK, while in superficial HSK the above cell counts diffe
J Law Ethics Dent. 1991;4:32-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92277169
Glick M; Rogers VC; Infectious Disease Center, Temple University School of Dentistry.
As the number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive individuals and persons diagnosed with clinical acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) increases, dentists will find it increasingly difficult either to avoid caring for this group of patients or to justify referral. While clinical management alone h
Numerous AIDS patients show the typical seborrheic eczema in a very prominent way. For this is an inflammatory disease, combination preparations were taken frequently which contain antimycotics and corticosteroids. We investigated 7 antimycotic compounds in 3 inflammatory models: amorolfin, ciclopiroxolamine (cic), fl
J Tongji Med Univ. 1991;11(4):230-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92300810
Li ZJ; Dai JZ; Yang YX; Zeng LL; Li SL; Yang Q; Wang HC; Luo DD; Wang XH; Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiehe Hospital, Tongji Medical; University, Wuhan.
The level of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro, T cell subsets and the function of T suppressor cells (Ts) in patients with schistosomiasis japonica were investigated. It was found that the level of IL-2 induced by schistosoma
Bozzette SA; Arcia J; Bartok AE; McGlynn LM; McCutchan JA; Richman DD; Spragg R; Spector SA; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego; 92103-8208.
A large retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the impact of culturing cytomegalovirus from the respiratory secretions of AIDS patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Pneumocystis carinii was found in 220 (67%) of 327 episodes and cytomegalovirus was found in 106 (48%)
Moll B; Rosenfeld WD; Frager J; Catalano MT; Cohen R; Pollard C; Camacho FJ; Pathology Department, Nassau County Medical Center, East Meadow,; New York, New York 11554.
An increase in both the helper/suppressor T lymphocyte ratio and the absolute number of helper T lymphocytes from subnormal to normal values was observed on overnight storage of a lymphocyte preparation from a patient with acquired immune deficiency related complex. Storage of lymphocyte preparations did not significa
This document has been developed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) to update recommendations for prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the health-care setting. Current data suggest that the risk for such transmission from a health-care worker (HCW) to a
Chung Hua Chieh Ho Ho Hu Hsi Tsa Chih. 1991 Dec;14(6):336-9, 376. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92298411
Zhang SC; Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute.
Using the indirect immunofluorescent assay, we observed the variation of T-lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood in 100 patients of primary bronchogenic carcinoma and 31 cases with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Serum CEA were measured simultaneously. The decrease of OKT3+, OKT4+, OKT8+ lymphocytes were significant i
Broekmans JF; Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association (KNCV), The Hague, The; Netherlands.
Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in developing countries. In recent years, a (cost-)effective intervention has been developed in the national programmes of Tanzania and other developing countries. HIV transmission in populations with a high background prevalence of t
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1991 Sep;22(3):317-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92294978
Manaloto CR; Hayes CG; Caringal ML; Santiago E; Basaca-Sevilla V; Andrada A; Mejia P; US Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Manila, Philippines.
Annual surveillance studies were initiated in 1985 to determine the incidence and prevalence of HIV-1 infection in female prostitutes registered through the Social Hygiene Clinic System of the Philippine Department of Health. All of the confirmed HIV-1 seropositive women detected in the above surveys who could be cont
Rapado A; Yague M; Diaz Curiel M; Ortiz F; Palomino P; de la Piedra C; Torres R; Peramo B; Lopez Gavilanes E; Service of Internal Medicine (Unidad Metabolica), Fundacion; Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain.
We have found a cellular immune defect (low CD4 T lymphocyte count, high CD8 T lymphocyte count and a low CD4/CD8 ratio) in 39 PDB patients. This finding is not correlated with the bone metabolic activity of the disease. There was an improvement in the cellular immune defect in fifteen patients after treatment with el
Leone C; Wingate C; Department of Psychology, University of North Florida.
Attitudes toward victims of AIDS were conceptualized as serving three possible functions: a value-expressive function (e.g., stigmatization), an ego-defensive function (e.g., homosexual prejudice), or a knowledge function (e.g., victim derogation). These functions were evaluated by having a sample of U.S. undergraduat
Ferri C; Greco F; Longombardo G; Palla P; Moretti A; Marzo E; Fosella PV; Pasero G; Bombardieri S; Rheumatology Unit, Ospedale S. Chiara, Pisa, Italy.
The prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in an unselected series of 45 mixed cryoglobulinemia patients was assessed by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Chiron ELISA HCV, Second Generation). The anti-HCV specificity was evaluated by a recombinant based immunoblot assay (Chiron RIBA HCV, Se
From 1985 to 1990 the sera of 372 newly imprisoned intravenous drug users (IDU) were tested for HIV-1 antibodies. The seroprevalence was 18%, males 16% and females 31%. HIV-1 seroprevalence in Austrian IDU has not increased since 1986. All sera tested for HTLV-I-antibodies were negative. The majority of the HIV-1 sero
Kievits T; van Gemen B; van Strijp D; Schukkink R; Dircks M; Adriaanse H; Malek L; Sooknanan R; Lens P; Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands.
Isothermal nucleic acid amplification of target RNA or DNA sequences is accomplished by the simultaneous enzymatic activity of AMV reverse transcriptase, T7 RNA polymerase and RNase H. Amplification factors of the nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) method range from 2 x 10(6) to 5 x 10(7) after 2.5 h in
Nedjar S; Biswas RM; Hewlett IK; Laboratory of Hepatitis, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
A rapid and simple method using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was devised for the co-amplification and simultaneous detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) specific sequences in the same serum sample. Genomic RNA was extracted from 13 blood donor sera that were reacti
Amagai T; Matsumoto Y; Sakai Y; Roux P; Girard PM; Meiji College of Oriental Medicine, Prefectural University of; Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Recently antigenic heterogeneity in human Pneumocystis carinii (Pc) isolates was observed in several laboratories. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) were produced to human Pc (PcH) from a lung autopsy sample from a non-AIDS patient (MAb Group I, n = 10), or from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from AIDS patients (MAb Gro
Chichino G; Bruno A; Cevini C; Atzori C; Gatti S; Scaglia M; Department of Infectious Diseases, University, IRCCS San Matteo,; Pavia, Italy.
Two new extemporaneous negative-staining methods are proposed to detect Cryptosporidium oocysts in stools, using light-green and merbromine in 1% and 2% aqueous solution, respectively. A Ziehl-Neelsen stain as modified by Henriksen and Polhenz was used as a reference technique. A comparison between these two new stain
Whitford P; Alam SM; George WD; Campbell AM; Department of Biochemistry, University of Glasgow, U.K.
The phenotype and activation status of lymphocytes from the peripheral blood and axillary lymph nodes of 40 patients with breast cancer were analysed using flow cytometry and compared with lymphocytes from the blood and lymph nodes of 7 control subjects. There was little difference in the overall proportions of T and
Biochemistry. 1992 May 26;31(20):4793-800. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92273590
Tozser J; Weber IT; Gustchina A; Blaha I; Copeland TD; Louis JM; Oroszlan S; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer; Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center,; Maryland 21702-1201.
Kinetic analysis and modeling studies of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteinases were carried out using the oligopeptide substrate [formula: see text] and its analogs containing single amino acid substitutions in P3-P3 positions. The two proteinases acted similarly on the substrates except those having certain hydrophobic amino
Peters K; Vejlsgaard GL; University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The mortality rate of nonmelanoma skin cancer is higher than generally considered. An actual nonmelanoma skin cancer is a risk factor not only for other skin cancers but also for cancers in other organs. The recurrence rate can, according to the method of calculation, yield surprisingly diverging results. Statistical
Archibald CP; Schechter MT; Le TN; Craib KJ; Montaner JS; O'Shaughnessy MV; Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study Group, Faculty of Medicine,; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
We examined factors associated with the subsequent development of AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma in a cohort of 353 homosexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Cumulative incidence curves for the development of Kaposi s sarcoma and opportunistic infection were stratified over a wide range of variab
Ciavarella D; Department of Clinical Pathology, New York Medical College,; Valhalla 10595.
The staphylococcal cell-wall protein known as protein A has been explored as a therapeutic modality in the treatment of cancer and allied diseases. Protein A binds the Fc fragment of IgG 1, 2 and 4, and preferentially binds to IgG incorporated into immune complexes. Early investigators focused on the immune-suppressiv
Ann Pharmacother. 1992 May;26(5):621-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92273830
Greco R; Lavack L; Rovers J; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the pharmacy service needs of HIV-positive outpatients. DESIGN: Anonymous mail-in survey. SETTING: Accredited, not-for-profit, outpatient pharmacy. PATIENTS: A total of 226 men receiving refill prescriptions for zidovudine. Relevant demographics: for 91 percent, homosexual behavior was the prim
Math Biosci. 1992 Apr;109(1):85-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92273879
Cojocaru L; Agur Z; Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Weizmann; Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
A formal method is provided for predicting the effect on treatment efficacy of cell-cycle-phase-specific drugs, such as the AIDS drug zidovudine ( AZT ) or the cancer drug cytosine arabinoside (ara-C). Our analysis shows that the elimination of somatic
Greenwood J; Community Drug Problem Service, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, UK.
Edinburgh s Community Drug Problem Service was set up three years ago in response to the high prevalence of HIV infection amongst local injecting drug users and the lack of existing statutory drug services in Lothian. From the outset, a policy of shared care and substitute prescribing by the druguser s general practit
McEwan RT; McCallum A; Bhopal RS; Madhok R; AIDS Education for Young People Research Programme, Medical; School, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
To investigate sexual behaviour under the influence of alcohol and the relationship between drinking habits and unsafe sex we carried out a postal and interview survey of 2174 students in the North East of England. Drinking habits were classified as non, light, medium and heavy, and cross-tabulated against sexual and
Colon HM; Rivera Robles R; Sahai H; Matos T; Research Institute, Puerto Rico Department of Anti Addiction; Services, Rio Piedras 00928-1414.
Strategies for reaching intravenous drug users (IVDUs) not in treatment and reducing risk behaviors are urgently needed to reduce the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Of special concern is the need to detect which types of risk behaviors are more likely to change and which are resistant to change. The pres
Abdul-Quader AS; Des Jarlais DC; Tross S; McCoy E; Morales G; Velez I; Narcotic and Drug Research, Inc., New York, NY 10013.
In 1984, outreach to injecting drug users and their female sexual partners was initiated as part of HIV behavioral research projects. HIV, health, drug treatment and family planning information and services were provided in addition to recruiting subjects to the research program. Such outreach also poses certain probl
Darke S; Hall W; Wodak A; Heather N; Ward J; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New; South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
This article presents a new instrument with which to assess the effects of opiate treatment. The Opiate Treatment Index (OTI) is multi-dimensional in structure, with scales measuring six independently measured outcome domains: drug use; HIV risk-taking behaviour; social functioning; criminality; health; and psychologi
Cockcroft A; Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London.
There is concern that surgeons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection could transmit it to patients. This article considers the risk of transmission, the official guidance on HIV-infected healthcare workers, and the arguments for and against HIV screening in surgeons.
Marois Y; Roy R; Marois M; Guidoin RG; von Maltzahn WW; Kowligi R; Eberhart RC; Departement de Chirurgie, Universite Laval, Quebec.
Sequential quantification of blood T cell subsets by immunocytofluorometry was used to investigate the immune response of microporous polyurethane vascular prostheses after intraperitoneal implantation in rats. The experimental prosthesis, as developed by the University of Texas-Arlington group (UTA), and the Mitratha
Calenda V; Chermann JC; INSERM U322, Research Unit on Retroviruses and Associated; Diseases Campus of Luminy, Marseille, France.
Hematologic abnormalities are commonly associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that is the etiologic agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Bone marrow examinations reveal frequent dysplasia, dyserythropoiesis, lymphocytic infiltration and plasmocytosis. These marrow morpho
Hansen M; Gimsing P; Ingeberg S; Jans H; Nexo E; Department of Haematology L, Herlev Hospital, University of; Copenhagen, Denmark.
P-Cobalamins have been reported to be decreased in patients with HIV infection. Because of this, we found it of interest to examine both cobalamin-saturated binding proteins (holo-transcobalamin, holo-TC and holo-haptocorrin, holo-HC) and cobalamin unsaturated binding proteins (apo-transcobalamin, apo-TC and apo-hapto
Blumenfeld W; Miller CN; Chew KL; Mayall BH; Griffiss JM; Center for Immunochemistry, Veterans Administration Medical; Center, San Francisco, CA 94121.
Fifteen percent to 20% of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and pneumocystis pneumonia do poorly despite early intervention. It is not known what distinguishes those who die, despite early intervention and aggressive therapy, from those who readily respond to therapy. We used image analysis to deter
Hair LS; Nuovo G; Powers JM; Sisti MB; Britton CB; Miller JR; Department of Pathology, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center,; New York, NY 10032.
Lesions of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often have mononuclear cell infiltrates so intense that they obscure the nature of the lesion. This response may be especially prominent in stereotactic biopsies of contrast-enhancing areas. Of
Morrow WJ; Williams WM; Whalley AS; Ryskamp T; Newman R; Kang CY; Chamat S; Kohler H; Kieber-Emmons T; IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation, La Jolla, California 92037.
In our efforts to identify products that might be used for active immunotherapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, we have studied synthetic peptides derived from the CD4 attachment site of gp120. Two peptides have emerged with particularly interesting properties. The first (B138) is linear and spans the
Int J Cancer. 1992 May 28;51(3):481-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92275864
D'Onofrio C; Amici C; Puglianiello A; Faraoni I; Lanzilli G; Santoro MG; Bonmassar E; Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences,; University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
Prostaglandin (PG) A and J exert anti-viral and anti-proliferative effects in a number of experimental models. In particular, multiple treatments with PGAs prevent in vitro the clonal selection of HTLV-I-infected and potentially transformed cord-blood-derived mononuclear cells. Proliferation of HTLV-I-infected leukemi
Henry SB; Holzemer WL; School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco; 94143-0608.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the most frequently occurring opportunistic infection in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Improved methods of diagnosing and treating PCP have resulted in increased survival rates. Nurses are more frequently faced with treatment of the critical care pa
Leupi W; Simmen HP; Meyer VE; Departement Chirurgie, Universitatsspital Zurich.
In a prospective investigation infections of the upper extremity are examined with respect to incidence, bacterial pathogens, operative or conservative treatment, and duration of disability for work. A total of 255 patients (pts) (170 men, 85 women; mean age 37 years, range 16-85) were entered into the study. In a 12-
White JC; Christensen JF; Singer CM; Good Samaritan Hospital and Medical Center, Portland, Ore. 97210.
BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled studies report that methylphenidate effectively treats depression in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Other studies report that methylphenidate improves cognition in patients with dementia stemming from human immunodeficiency virus (
Revel MP; Gray F; Brugieres P; Geny C; Sobel A; Gaston A; Department of Neuroradiology, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil,; France.
Five AIDS patients with previously diagnosed and treated toxoplasmosis presented with hyperdense precontrast CT approximately 6 months after the CNS infection. An MR study was performed in all cases. The CT hyperdensities were characterized on MR by a high signal intensity on T1 images in four cases. In two of these,
McGuinness G; Naidich DP; Jagirdar J; Leitman B; McCauley DI; Department of Radiology, New York University Medical; Center-Bellevue Hospital, NY.
High-resolution CT (HRCT) and chest radiographs were compared in nine patients with miliary lung disease. In all cases, miliary disease was documented to be infectious in etiology; six of these patients proved to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive. A mixture of both sharply and poorly defined 1-3 mm nodule
Ghyka G; Alecu M; Halalau F; Coman G; V. Babes Institute, Bucharest, Romania.
Patients with classical European Kaposi s sarcoma were treated by intra- and peritumoral injections of human alpha leukocyte interferon (IFN) (12 cases) or, alternatively, with IFN and naturally synthesized IL-2 (8 cases). All the patients were HIV negative with tumors
Sehgal VN; Jain S; Gupta R; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Lady Hardinge Medical; College, New Delhi, India.
An 11-years-old girl with lupus vulgaris on the right buttock following inoculation is described. The diagnosis was formed by the history, morphological characteristics, Mantoux test, histopathology, and was supported by an affirmative response to short course intensive chemotherapy (6 months). This route of infection
Stroncek DF; Kline WE; Clay ME; Plachta LB; Stricker RB; Hollander H; Greenspan JS; Skubitz KM; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of; Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis.
Individuals who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are known to have a high incidence of autoantibodies. In this study, serum samples from 100 individuals with HIV infection were tested for granulocyte antibodies (red cell antibodies, lymphocytotoxic antibodies, circulating immune complexes, and seru
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1992 Jun 3;84(11):867-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92277692
Stuver SO; Tachibana N; Mueller N; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
BACKGROUND: An unusual age- and sex-specific distribution and a remarkably restricted geographic seroprevalence characterize human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection. Although the transmission routes of HTLV-I are known, these seroepidemiologic features cannot be fully explained. PURPOSE: This study was d
Ashery RS; Alcohol, Drug Abuse, Mental Health Administration, National; Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Maryland 20857.
Workers in drug treatment programs need specialized training concerning acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) to meet the demands of their expanding roles. Initially, the treatment community failed to anticipate training needs fully, but now, comprehensive and systematic AIDS training programs must be developed.
DePhilippis D; Metzger DS; Woody GE; Navaline HA; Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania,; Philadelphia.
Legal initiatives and treatment policies regarding mandatory human immunodeficiency virus testing and contact tracing often are considered without the input of those groups most affected by the proposed legislation. A survey of attitudes toward the testing and tracing issues was conducted on one such group--intravenou
Ravndal E; Vaglum P; Department of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, University of; Oslo, Norway.
Two hundred Norwegian substance abusers who consecutively applied for treatment in a hierarchical therapeutic community were divided into two different groups according to intake procedures: the intake group (IG) and the nonintake group (No-IG). Using a prospective design, we found that beginners in the program were m
Mo Med. 1992 Mar;89(3):169-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92278299
Arora R; Sahota PK; Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, MU Hospital &; Clinics, Columbia 65212.
Ten years after it was diagnosed, AIDS is estimated to have affected 10 million people worldwide and about 2-3 million people in the United States . Initially considered to be a disease of coasts (New York, California, Florida), AIDS is making inroad to mid-America as well. It involves
Charles NC; Boxrud CA; Small EA; Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Medical Center,; New York 10016.
Cryptococcosis is a rare form of human ocular infection, usually occurring in immunocompromised patients. Unilateral or bilateral posterior segment involvement is the rule. The authors describe a unique case of intraocular cryptococcosis presenting as an iris inflammatory mass in a patient with acquired immune deficie
Taccone A; Fondelli MP; Ferrea G; Marzoli A; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, G Gaslini Children's; Hospital, Genova, Italy.
We report on a 8-month-old boy with AIDS, born of an asymptomatic mother with positive HTLV-III serology. He was hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit because of anemia, fever and hepatosplenomegaly. Chest X-ray showed pneumonia and subsequent blood cultures were positive for Candida albicans. After 3 days of Amphot
Newburg DS; Viscidi RP; Ruff A; Yolken RH; Department of Biochemistry, E. K. Shriver Center, Waltham,; Massachusetts 02254.
Perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from infected mothers to their children occurs at rates reported as 20-50%. The role of breast feeding in perinatal transmission of viral infections has not been well established. We studied 34 milk and colostral samples obtained from HIV-seropositive and HI
Wiener L; Leyden CG; Pizzo PA; Ognibene FP; Rosenthal C; Schubert W; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
A parent education booklet describing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was prepared by the Pediatric Branch of the National Cancer Institute. In addition to information about prophylaxis and treatment of PCP, the booklet discusses overall care of children infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jun 1;89(11):4835-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
Holmes EC; Zhang LQ; Simmonds P; Ludlam CA; Brown AJ; Division of Biological Sciences, Institute of Cell, Animal and; Population Biology, Edinburgh, Scotland.
In an investigation of the evolution of the third hypervariable loop of gp120 (V3), the principal neutralization determinant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, we have analyzed 89 V3 sequences of plasma viral RNA purified from peripheral blood samples donated over 7 years by an infected hemophiliac. Considerable
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jun 1;89(11):5103-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279274
Watanabe M; Boyson JE; Lord CI; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, MA 01772.
In view of the efficiency with which human immunodeficiency virus replication can be blocked in vitro with anti-CD4 antibodies, the elicitation of an anti-CD4 antibody response through active immunization might represent a useful therapeutic strategy for AIDS. Here we demonstrate that immunization of chimpanzees with
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jun 1;89(11):5162-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279286
Cvetkovich TA; Lazar E; Blumberg BM; Saito Y; Eskin TA; Reichman R; Baram DA; del Cerro C; Gendelman HE; del Cerro M; et al; Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY; 14642.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is highly specific for its human host. To study HIV-1 infection of the human nervous system, we have established a small animal model in which second-trimester (11 to 17.5 weeks) human fetal brain or neural retina is transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):1-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279426
Libman H; Clinical AIDS Program, Boston City Hospital, Massachusetts.
Much has been learned about the pathogenesis and natural history of AIDS over the past decade. The causative agent is now known to be a human retrovirus that selectively infects CD4 lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages. The structure, genetic composition, and major proteins of HIV have been identified, and its basic p
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):119-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279428
Selwyn PA; O'Connor PG; Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, Connecticut.
Drug users with HIV infection pose an important clinical challenge for primary care practitioners, the provider group that is particularly well situated to supply comprehensive care both for HIV-related conditions and substance-abuse problems. It is important for primary care clinicians to be familiar with the full sp
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):157-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279429
Nanda D; Minkoff HL; Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, SUNY-Health Science Center,; Brooklyn.
Special issues of pregnant women with HIV, such as HIV disease in pregnancy, transmission during pregnancy, transmission through breast milk, the effect of HIV disease on pregnancy outcome, and strategies for preventing neonatal damage from HIV, are discussed. In addition, issues relevant to the care of women in gener
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):171-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279430
Friedman LS; Goodman E; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Although adolescents currently compose fewer than 1% of AIDS cases nationally, they represent an expanding and pivotal population. This article is written for those who currently provide health care for adolescents and for those who will do so in the future. Much of what is known about AIDS in adolescents will be revi
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):19-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279431
Kassler WJ; Wu AW; Division of STD/HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, Georgia.
HIV risk assessment, counseling, and testing performed by primary care physicians can be valuable in the early identification of persons infected with HIV, can contribute to their appropriate medical treatment, and may help to prevent the further spread of the disease. HIV risk assessment comprises a detailed sexual a
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):203-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279433
Daley J; Forrow L; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
The HIV virus and the associated worldwide pandemic pose enormous biomedical, clinical, and social dilemmas for health care providers, biomedical researchers, policy analysts, and the public at large 10 years after its discovery. Many of these dilemmas and challenges are captured in the difficult ethical issues the HI
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):217-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279434
Brennan TA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
It is impossible in this space to address all the legal and social issues that attend the care of HIV-seropositive patients. Considerations of access to care, financing of care, testing for HIV, and confidentiality of test results are, however, among the most important. In general, primary care physicians should be wi
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):231-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279435
Katoff L; Gay Men's Health Crisis, New York, NY.
AIDS is a progressively debilitating disease in which the infected individual will require a diverse range and often intensive set of formal and informal services. With assistance from health care providers, community-based organizations, family, and friends, quality of life can be maintained. Community-based organiza
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):245-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279436
Cooke M; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California,; San Francisco.
The care of HIV-infected patients is demanding, raising concerns among health care workers regarding safety, competence, and emotional endurance. Many health care workers are reluctant to undertake this challenging work. For many professions within health care, for example nursing, there is a clearly articulated respo
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):35-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279437
DeHovitz JA; Sadovsky R; Department of Preventive Medicine, State University of New York; Health Science Center, Brooklyn.
Management of HIV infection by the primary care physician can be easily integrated into the usual practice setting. The physician who understands the epidemiology of HIV disease, stays current with basic therapeutic concepts, and knows the patient and his or her living environment is in the best position to help the H
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):57-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279438
Northfelt DW; Division of AIDS Activities/Oncology, San Francisco General; Hospital, University of California.
An increasing number of primary care physicians will be called on to care for patients with AIDS as the epidemic of HIV infection progresses in the United States . In this article, the more common conditions responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in patients with AIDS have
One important role for the primary care provider is to be familiar with all available treatment options for HIV disease. Because only a few treatments are approved, unapproved therapy becomes important for many patients. As a result, clinicians have had systems developed that create access to promising investigational
Prim Care. 1992 Mar;19(1):97-117. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279440
Forstein M; Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Hospital, Massachusetts.
Neuropsychiatric manifestations of HIV infection require aggressive and thorough diagnosis and treatment. Because people may live longer on antiviral therapy and chemoprophylaxis for opportunistic infections, a great emergence of neoplastic challenges to the central nervous system and the possibility of primary HIV en
Fisher JD; Fisher WA; Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs; 06269-1020.
This article contains a comprehensive, critical review of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-risk-reduction literature on interventions that have targeted risky sexual behavior and intravenous drug use practices. A conceptually based, highly generalizable model for promoting and evaluating AIDS-risk behavio
Stat Med. 1992 Mar;11(5):565-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279592
Katz BP; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine,; Indianapolis, IN.
Estimates of transmission probabilities for sexually transmitted diseases historically come from studies of uninfected individuals exposed to those with a high disease prevalence (for example, prostitutes). However, changes in sexual behaviour, much of which relates to concerns about AIDS, has made identification of p
Stat Med. 1992 Mar;11(5):591-601. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279594
Chiarotti F; Palombi M; Schinaia N; Ghirardini A; Prospero L; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia di; Organo e di Sistema, Roma, Italy.
The purpose of this study was to estimate seroconversion time using different parametric methods and to assess their influence on the estimation of the incubation time between HIV infection and onset of AIDS. Study subjects were 712 HIV-positive haemophiliacs enrolled in the Italian National Registry of patients with
Stat Med. 1992 Apr;11(6):831-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279613
Longini IM Jr; Byers RH; Hessol NA; Tan WY; Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Emory; University, Atlanta, GA 30322.
The back-calculation method has been used to estimate the number of HIV infections from AIDS incidence data in a particular population. We present an extension of back calculation that provides estimates of the numbers of HIV infectives in different stages of infection. We model the staging process with a time-depende
Reports mainly from Japan , recommend germanium (Ge)-containing compounds as anti-cancer and immunostimulatory remedies. We report on a 25-tear-old woman with stage II HIV disease who consumed a total of 47 g Ge as Ge-lactate-citrate 18%. She developed severe renal insufficiency (cre
Taylor A; Gasparro FP; Photobiology Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510.
Extracorporeal photochemotherapy is an effective method for the treatment of CTCL. It is most effective in the erythrodermic stages of the disease but may also have a place in the treatment of more advanced disease. Phototherapy has also been used in the treatment of other T-cell-mediated diseases. Psoralen plus UVA a
Sex Transm Dis. 1992 Mar-Apr;19(2):111-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279849
Wolfe H; Vranizan KM; Gorter RG; Keffelew AS; Moss AR; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California, San Francisco.
The relationship between crack use, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and risk behavior among 1281 intravenous drug users in treatment is analyzed. Of these patients, 23% reported crack use, and blacks and women were more likely to use crack. Of crack users 19% were HIV positive, in comparison to 8% of non
Sex Transm Dis. 1992 Mar-Apr;19(2):115-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279850
Pereira LH; Embil JA; Haase DA; Manley KM; Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie; University, Victoria General Hospital, Halifax, Nova Scotia,; Canada.
An unlinked seroprevalence survey of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody was conducted using stored sera from all patients who attended the sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in Halifax, Nova Scotia between 1980 and 1986. None of the sera collected from 584 patients during 1980 were HIV positive. Of the
Sex Transm Dis. 1992 Mar-Apr;19(2):61-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279852
Wasserheit JN; Sexually Transmitted Diseases Branch, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Understanding the role of other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the role of STDs in progression of HIV disease, and the role of HIV infection in alterations of natural history, diagnosis, or response to therapy of STDs is critical to the development of op
Anson JA; Glick RP; Reyes M; Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute,; Phoenix, Arizona 85013.
Because of the high incidence of neurological complications seen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), an increasing number of these cases are being referred to neurosurgeons for consideration of intracranial biopsy. To better determine the need for biopsy in these patients we evaluated the accur
Toxicol Lett. 1992 May;60(3):275-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279977
Oshiro Y; Guzzie PJ; Balwierz PS; Soelter SG; Rohrbacher E; Gad SC; Research and Development Division, Searle, Skokie, IL 60077.
SC-48334 (N-butyldeoxynojirimycin) is an experimental anti-AIDS drug which is currently in clinical trials. This drug is an aminosugar derivative. Its biological properties have been previously published [1]. Since many antiviral agents which are nucleic acid analogs exhibit mutagenic and/or clastogenic properties, th
Women Health. 1992;18(1):1-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92280259
Grau L; Colombotos J; Gorman S; Nerken Center for Geriatric Research, Parker Jewish Geriatric; Institute, New Hyde Park, NY 11042.
This paper reports the findings of a study of 103 home care workers who have cared for PWAs. It investigated degree of exposure to AIDS cases, perception of risk of occupational contagion, client/worker relationships, attitudes toward homosexuality and drug abuse and other work related factors for their relationship w
Riedel RR; Helmstaedter C; Bulau P; Durwen HF; Brackmann H; Fimmers R; Clarenbach P; Miller EN; Bottcher M; Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Germany.
A total of 181 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive hemophiliacs and 28 hemophilic controls were evaluated by psychometric tests and by electroencephalogram (EEG). Patients were classified from stages 1-6 according to the immunological criteria of the Walter Reed staging system. Statistical analysis of psyc
Post MJ; Levin BE; Berger JR; Duncan R; Quencer RM; Calabro G; Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33101.
PURPOSE: To compare results of a prospective MR and clinical reevaluation of HIV+ asymptomatic and neurologically symptomatic subjects who had had initially abnormal cranial studies to determine what cranial MR changes occur and how these changes correlate with serial neurologic and neuropsychologic findings. PATIENTS
Green TD; Sedmak DD; Grose MP; Featheringham NC; Neff JC; Department of Pathology, Ohio State University College of; Medicine, Columbus.
A qualitative, visually interpreted, rapid, and synthetic peptide-based anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) antibody immunoassay has been developed that may be of value in situations in which rapid determination of HIV-1 status is important. Because questions have been raised about the accuracy of rapid anti-HIV
Westerberg VS; Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque; 87131.
In an effort to clarify the role of alcohol in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk and progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the author reviewed the method of measuring alcohol consumption across 10 studies published from 1986 through 1990. When the reports in which the association between alco
Am J Med Sci. 1992 Mar;303(3):180-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92280902
Gray BM; Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85010.
Rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular bacterium, is a common cause of pulmonary infection in farm animals, especially foals. Pulmonary and disseminated infection caused by this organism is occasionally seen in humans, especially in patients whose cell-mediated immunity has been altered by glucocorticoids or cy
Tyagi SC; Carter CA; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of; New York, Stony Brook 11794.
A rapid sensitive method for the quantitation in vitro of HIV-1 protease activity has been developed. A fluorogenic compound, N alpha-benzoyl-Arg-Gly-Phe-Pro-MeO-beta-naphthylamide, which contains Phe-Pro, a dipeptide bond recognized by HIV-1 protease, was used as substrate. The substrate was hydrolyzed by HIV-1 prote
Am Psychol. 1992 Apr;47(4):522-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92281200
Swets JA; BBN Laboratories, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Many diagnostic tasks require that a threshold be set to convert evidence that is a matter of degree into a positive or negative decision. Although techniques of decision analysis used in psychology help one select the particular threshold that is appropriate to a given situation and purpose, just the concept of adjus
Wheat LJ; Connolly-Stringfield P; Williams B; Connolly K; Blair R; Bartlett M; Durkin M; Department of Medicine and Pathology, Indiana University School; of Medicine, Indianapolis.
Diagnosis of histoplasmosis in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) may be established by detection of the organism in lung tissue or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In this report we have evaluated the utility of Histoplasma capsulatum polysaccharide antigen (HPA) detection in bronchoalveolar lavage
Glenny RW; Pierson DJ; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
Sputum induction (SI) is a sensitive and specific method for diagnosing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with AIDS. Although less expensive than bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), SI followed by BAL does not necessarily reduce costs compared with BAL alone. Cost analysis demonstrates that
Vlasiuk VV; Khokhlov SE; Komarova DV; Barantsevich EP; Gorshkova GI
A 30-year-old female with HIV-infection (AIDS-stage) died with generalized, including meningoencephalitis, infection. Fungi found in the brain were identified as Cryptococcus neoformans. Fungal cells were also found in the lungs and in the necrotic phlegmon of soft tissue i. e. there was a generalized Cryptococcus inf
Dermatology nurses are playing an increasing role in the assessment and care of HIV-infected patients. Recognition and proper care of the cutaneous manifestations of HIV disease are vital for improving the patient s health and comfort.
Hughes RA; Rowe IF; Shanson D; Keat AC; Department of Rheumatology, Westminster Hospital, London.
Ten episodes of musculoskeletal sepsis have been seen in nine patients with HIV infection. Seven patients had AIDS, circulating CD4-positive lymphocyte counts being less than 0.1 x 10(9)/l in six. Septic arthritis recurred in seven patients, osteomyelitis in three and pyomyositis and bursitis each occurred in one pati
Roxburgh JC; Shah SS; Loveday C; Goldstraw P; Yacoub M; Royal Brompton and National Heart Hospital, London, UK.
A survey was carried out into attitudes of cardiothoracic surgeons in the UK to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection associated with clinical situations that would normally have been managed surgically with low operative mortality rates and long median survival times. The survey response rate was 72.4
Can Med Assoc J. 1992 Jun 1;146(11):1927-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92282541
Korzeniewska-Kosela M; FitzGerald JM; Vedal S; Allen EA; Schechter MT; Lawson L; Phillips P; Black W; Montaner JS; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia,; Vancouver.
OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical features, treatment and outcome of all known cases of tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in British Columbia between 1984 and 1990. DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: Provincial tuberculosis registry and university-affiliated HIV clinic
Can Med Assoc J. 1992 Jun 1;146(11):1937-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92282542
Hughes DL; Singer PA; Wellesley Hospital, University of Toronto, Ont.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the attitudes toward, the experience with and the knowledge of advance directives of family physicians in Ontario. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS: A questionnaire was mailed to 1000 family physicians, representing a random sample of one-third of the active members of the Ontario Col
Kenten JH; Gudibande S; Link J; Willey JJ; Curfman B; Major EO; Massey RJ; IGEN Inc., Rockville, MD 20852.
We describe the characterization and utility of a new electrochemiluminescent (ECL) label for oligonucleotides, utilizing phosphoramidite chemistry. This phosphoramidite of the tris(2,2-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex, bis(2,2-bipyridine)(4-[4-(2-cyanoethoxy-N,N-diisopropyl-amino) phosphinoxybutyl]4 -methyl)2,2-bipyr
Vering A; Seeger J; Becker S; Halberstadt E; Bender HG; Zentrum der Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Abt. fur; Geburtshilfe.
The pre- and postnatal data of 20 pregnant heroin addicts and their neonates are described. 16 women were treated with methadone to prevent withdrawal symptoms. A relatively stabile prenatal condition with a decrease of complications was achieved. On the other hand, the neonates suffered from severe withdrawal symptom
Negishi I; Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo,; Japan.
In SWR mice most of thymocytes bearing a high density V beta chain of T cell antigen receptor (TCR), V beta 17a brightly positive cells, were biased to CD4+8- subpopulation, whereas such thymocytes from SJL mice resided in both CD4+8- and CD4-8+ subpopulations. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the apparent differ
Koopman G; Pals ST; Department of Pathology, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
The germinal center forms a specialized microenvironment that is thought to play a key role in the induction of antibody synthesis, affinity maturation of B cells, isotype switching, and memory B-cell formation. Moreover, the germinal center may also be involved in the maintenance of T-cell memory. In this paper we fo
Arner ES; Valentin A; Eriksson S; Medical Nobel Institute, Department of Biochemistry I, Karolinska; Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
3 -Azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) is HIV-inhibitory in human macrophages, which is surprising in view of the low AZT phosphorylation reported in macrophage extracts. To elucidate the mechanism of AZT activation, we studied AZT anabolism as well as cata
Blackbourn DJ; Chuang LF; Sutjipto S; Killam KF Jr; McCready PM; Doi RH; Li Y; Chuang RY; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
A rapid method for the detection of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of experimentally infected rhesus macaques by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is reported. The PCR was carried out with a complementary DNA (cDNA) template using 3 pairs of primers that were d
Alkaline phosphatase amplification systems increase the sensitivity of enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISAs). Here we describe a modified method by which levamisole is a component of the substrate buffer. This increases sensitivity by reducing the signal from non-specific alkaline phosphatases. The modified procedure wa
Cockerell CJ; Dolan ET; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
BACKGROUND: Calciphylaxis is a form of widespread calcification that may occur in patients with renal disease and hyperparathyroidism. The skin is often affected secondary to vascular compromise and ischemia. Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are predisposed to renal failure and thus may de
Saiag P; Caumes E; Chosidow O; Revuz J; Roujeau JC; Departement de Dermatologie, Universite Paris XII, Hopital; Henri Mondor, France.
BACKGROUND: Although patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are predisposed to cutaneous adverse drug reactions, only a few cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) have been reported in this setting. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to examine the features of TEN in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: W
Womble D; Helderman JH; Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University,; Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2372.
Acemannan, an antiviral agent with immune enhancement capabilities, was studied for its impact on cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (Tc) function generated in response to alloantigen. To investigate whether acemannan directly stimulated the generation of Tc from primary mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), the drug was added at the
Butz AM; Stephenson H; Hutton N; Joyner M; Vogelhut J
In this prospective study, HIV-risk infants (infants born to women with a history of intravenous drug use, prostitution, or who is a sexual partner of an intravenous drug user) were followed during home visits by a pediatric nurse practitioner. Analysis of home visit records indicated that significant medical problems
J Med Chem. 1992 May 29;35(11):1978-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92284470
Gustafson KR; Cardellina JH 2d; McMahon JB; Gulakowski RJ; Ishitoya J; Szallasi Z; Lewin NE; Blumberg PM; Weislow OS; Beutler JA; et al; Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National; Cancer Institute (NCI), Frederick Cancer Research & Development; Center (FCRDC), Maryland 21702-1201.
Extracts of Homalanthus nutans, a plant used in Samoan herbal medicine, exhibited potent activity in an in vitro, tetrazolium-based assay which detects the inhibition of the cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). The active constituent was identified as prostratin, a relatively polar 12-deoxyphorb
J Med Chem. 1992 May 29;35(11):1987-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92284471
Kim HO; Ahn SK; Alves AJ; Beach JW; Jeong LS; Choi BG; Van Roey P; Schinazi RF; Chu CK; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy,; University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
In order to study the structure-activity relationships of dioxolane nucleosides as potential anti-HIV agents, various enantiomerically pure dioxolane-pyrimidine nucleosides have been synthesized and evaluated against HIV-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The enantiomerically pure key intermediate 8 has be
Arakaki T; Kohakura M; Asato R; Ikeshiro T; Nakamura S; Iwanaga M; Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, University of the; Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
The epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection was compared among three localities with various prevalences of human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan , using agar-plate culture of faeces. The prevalence of S. stercoralis infection i
Wada M; Reseach Institute, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo.
Flow cytometric analysis was carried out on peripheral blood cells from patients with tuberculosis (TB) (n = 84) and with mycobacteriosis other than tuberculosis (MOTT) (n = 38). A whole blood-staining-hemolysis procedure was used for the preparation of samples being analyzed, and the cells were double-stained with va
N Z Med J. 1992 Jun 10;105(935):215-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92285048
Wallace RH; Kolbe J; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Green Lane Hospital,; Auckland.
The records of 18 immunocompromised patients with recent onset of pulmonary disease who had fibreoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage over a two year period (1989-90) were reviewed. The underlying diseases were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (n = 7), organ transplantation (n = 9), and chemothera
N Z Med J. 1992 Jun 10;105(935):217-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92285049
Siebers RW; MacKenzie R; Lynch M; Humble MW; Department of Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine.
AIMS: to ascertain attitudes and concerns of laboratory staff towards handling of HIV positive biological samples. METHOD: an anonymous questionnaire regarding various aspects of biological sample handling was distributed to laboratory staff from the Wellington Area Health Board laboratories. RESULTS: of a total of 13
Toyama R; Bende SM; Dhar R; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We have analyzed the transcriptional activity of the human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) LTR promoter in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S.pombe). The ability of a series of 5 -deleted forms of the HIV-1 LTR promoter to direct transcription of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene wa
Blackwell S; Crawford J; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Recombinant human colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) have potential for wide use in the areas of oncology and infectious disease. Granulocyte CSF and granulocyte-macrophage CSF currently are approved for use in the treatment of neutropenia associated with standard-dose cancer chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantatio
Navarro V; Tuset C; Guix J; Nieto A; Bernacer B; Roig P; Seccion de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General, Valencia.
We present the immunoglobulin spectrum in a series of 156 HIV-infected patients who were affected of tuberculosis (TB) of different localization. Sixty-seven patients had lung TB, in 13 cases lung TB and an opportunistic infection were diagnosed simultaneously and in 76 cases TB was localized outside the lung. The cas
Science. 1992 Jun 12;256(5063):1560-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92285712
Zheng B; Brett SJ; Tite JP; Lifely MR; Brodie TA; Rhodes J; Department of Pharmacology, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Beckenham, Kent, United Kingdom.
Potent immunological adjuvants are urgently required to complement recombinant and synthetic vaccines. However, it has not been possible to derive new principles for the design of vaccine adjuvants from knowledge of the mechanism of immunogenicity. Carbonyl-amino condensations, which are essential to the inductive int
Singapore Med J. 1992 Feb;33(1):58-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92285743
Singh K; Fong YF; Ratnam SS; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University of; Singapore, National University Hospital.
A survey conducted in 1990 among final year medical students found that most respondents had a good knowledge about AIDS and its routes of transmission. Among the 13.7% of respondents that were sexually active, it was noted that only 35% had used the condom before and that only 20% had used it in the most recent occas
Fry RD; Birnbaum EH; Lacey DL; Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine,; Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Actinomycosis is an uncommon bacterial infection that has a characteristic chronic indolent course. Patients with this infection frequently undergo multiple surgical procedures before a correct diagnosis is made. Perianal actinomycosis should be suspected if a nontender perianal mass is found to contain thin purulent
Ugeskr Laeger. 1992 May 18;154(21):1505-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92285939
Moller BR; From E; Christensen RB; Heilmann B; Jensen KE; Thorsen P; Godthab Distrikts Venereaklinik og Laegeklinik, Nuuk, Gronland.
A total of 803 patients participated in a consecutive review of the disease pattern concerning venereal diseases. The investigation took place in the Clinic for Venereal Diseases in Nuuk/Godthab during a period of three months. Less than half of the contacts were on account of symptoms of genital infection. One fifth
Z Psychosom Med Psychoanal. 1992;38(2):143-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92286051
Remplein-Keller S; Bruns E; Ermann M; Abteilung fur Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Universitat; Munchen.
This paper is focused at the social network of families of HIV-infected persons. 13 families were interviewed in a depth-psychological oriented semi-structured manner. The evaluation took place primarily according to a qualitative manner. The central result is that families with HIV-infected members inform more seldom
Tom DJ; Gulevich SJ; Shapiro HM; Heaton RK; Grant I; Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San; Diego, Medical Center 92103.
To characterize the natural history of autologous epidural blood patch (EBP) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients, records from an ongoing longitudinal study of the neuropsychological manifestations of HIV infection were retrospectively reviewed. Of 252 participants (218 HIV-seropositive, 34 HIV
Aiken CG; Department of Paediatrics, Mpilo Central Hospital, Bulawayo,; Zimbabwe.
As part of a survey of the causes of perinatal mortality at Mpilo Maternity Hospital, 220 neonatal deaths and the mothers of 221 stillbirths were tested for HIV-1 antibodies. The HIV positive rate in neonatal deaths was 23.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 18.0 to 29.2%), significantly higher than 15.4% (95% CI 10.6 to
Wolf BH; Ikeogu MO; Department of Paediatrics, United Bulawayo Hospitals, Zimbabwe.
A prospective study was done of children less than 13 years of age, who died at home or on their way to hospital and those who died in hospital, over a one year period. Fifty seven (86%) of the 66 children who were dead on arrival and 94 (77%) of the 122 children who died after admission were 2 years old or less. The
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 May 29;185(1):85-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287144
Cushman M; Sherman P; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Purdue; University, West Lafayette, IN 47906.
Several aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) monomers, monomer analogs, and polymer fractions have been tested as inhibitors of HIV-1 integration protein (IN). Both of the ATA monomers and all of the ATA polymer fractions inhibited a selective DNA cleavage reaction catalyzed by IN. The ATA monomer analogs were inactive or ha
Low N; Arauz R; Gorter A; Guevara M; Gonzalez A; Sequeira G; Morgan N; Rocha R; Serna R; Gonzalez A; et al; Unidad Regional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Fazakerley,; Liverpool, Inglaterra.
Nicaragua has the lowest prevalence of AIDS in Central America. In other countries where AIDS is more prevalent, the first epidemic of asymptomatic infections with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the second of clinical cases of AIDS have been followed by a third epidemic
Phillips NC; Montreal General Hospital Research Institute, Quebec, Canada.
The effect of three adjuvants - alum, N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP), and liposomes - on the IgG antibody isotype response to bovine serum albumin (BSA), was determined in normal and LP-BM5 retrovirus infected C57BL/6 mice. Alum and MDP induced comparable levels of IgG antibodies in normal mice (predomi
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):435-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287628
Van de Peere P; Lepage P; Simonon A; Desgranges C; Hitimana DG; Bazubagira A; Van Goethem C; Kleinschmidt A; Bex F; Broliden K; et al; Reference Laboratory, National AIDS Control Programme, Ministry; of Health, Kigali, Rwanda.
Sixteen children over the age of 5 years (Group 1) have been identified out of 537 children infected by human immunodeficiency virus and born to HIV-infected mothers, in Kigali, Rwanda . They were followed up for 2 years and compared with 16 younger AIDS patients (Group 2) and with
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):443-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287629
Moore JP; Klasse PJ; Chester Beatty Laboratory, Institute of Cancer Research, London,; England.
Kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of the binding of sCD4 to intact virions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1 RF), and of the subsequent induction of gp120 dissociation were studied. sCD4 binding to virions at 4 and 37 degrees C is half-maximal at approximately 40 and 10 nM, respectively. The transition bet
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):487-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287634
Swingler S; Easton A; Morris A; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick,; Coventry, England.
The induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gene expression by cytokines was investigated in cells of central nervous system origin. These were human neuroblastoma, glioblastoma, and astrocytoma cell lines, a murine oligodendroglioma and primary murine astrocyte cultures. The cytokines used were tumor
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):495-503. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287635
Bernton EW; Bryant HU; Decoster MA; Orenstein JM; Ribas JL; Meltzer MS; Gendelman HE; Department of Neuropharmacology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC 20307.
Macrophages and microglia are the principal target cells for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in brain, and as such, are likely participants in the neuropathology of HIV infection. In a model system for this process, we found that fluids from human monocyte cultures enhanced survival and differentiation of the neuro
In vitro exposure of human blood monocyte-derived macrophages to T-cell tropic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolates fails to establish a productive viral infection. Several studies have shown that such preferential HIV-1 replication in T cells or in mononuclear phagocytes (HIV tropism) may be determined by dist
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):513-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287637
Ushijima H; Unten S; Honma H; Tsuchie H; Kitamura T; Weiler BE; Muller WE; Division of AIDS Virus, AIDS Research Center, National Institute; of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
Previously it has been reported that cocultivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected cells with uninfected cells results in formation of multinuclear giant cells, generated via an interaction of gp120 on the surface of infected cells with CD4 on the uninfected cells. Formation of multinuclear gia
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):521-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287638
Geissler RG; Ottmann OG; Kojouharoff G; Reutzel P; Eder M; Hoelzer D; Ganser A; University of Frankfurt/Main, Department of Hematology, Germany.
As a result of a pathophysiologically unexplainable bone marrow failure, most patients with progressive stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection develop anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Besides the possibility of immune-mediated cytolysis or of direct viral infection of hemopoietic progenitor ce
Motawia MS; Abdel-Megied AE; Pedersen EB; Nielsen CM; Ebbesen P; Department of Chemistry, Odense University, Denmark.
5-Alkoxymethyluracils 2a-c have been prepared by acid-catalyzed etherification of 5-hydroxymethyluracil (1). Compounds 1, 2a-c, 5-methoxymethyl- and 5-benzyloxymethyl-uracil were silylated and coupled with 1,5-di-O-acetyl-3-phthalimido-2,3-dideoxy-beta- D-erythro-pentofuranose (3), in the presence of trimethylsilyl tr
Kelly JW; Dooley DP; Lattuada CP; Smith CE; Infectious Diseases Services, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort; Sam Houston.
The clinical features of three patients with a life-threatening reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) are presented along with seven other cases from the literature. All patients developed sudden fever and hypotension immediately after the administration of TMP-SMZ; usually this reaction occurred within
The purpose of this study was to assess the ethical decision making levels of nurses in HIV/AIDS situations. Using an adapted form of Crisham s Nursing Dilemma Test, RNs in various settings in Ohio ranked their reasons for action in responding to vignettes. Findings suggest that nurses are basing their clinical decisi
To determine the effects of case management in controlling hospital based costs for persons with AIDS (PWAs), a retrospective review of records of deceased PWAs was performed. The study compared diagnosis-to-death hospital charges for PWAs who received care under a care management model (n = 60) with PWAs receiving ca
The number of HIV-infected immigrants is increasing in cities across the United States . A case study explores the complexities of the immigration process as it relates to HIV infection; implications for nursing practice are discussed. By understanding the immigration process, nurses ar
The research examined knowledge, fear, homophobia, and the willingness to care for persons with AIDS. The subjects were 45 faculty members from nursing programs in a mid-southern state. The study was an extension of an earlier study by Lester and Beard (1988). A 56-item questionnaire consisting of knowledge and attitu
Porro GB; Parente F; Divisione di Gastroenterologia, Ospedale L Sacco, Milano, Italy.
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has created new problems in many areas of medicine. One of the most frequent gastrointestinal clinical manifestations of the disease is dysphagia/odynophagia which occurs in over 50% of patients at any stage of the illness and may severely compromise, if untreated, the nut
Vascular disorders comprise a wide range of diverse disease entities. Correspondingly, vessels, and even more so the endothelial which line them, show a remarkable extent of heterogeneous differentiation, e.g. between the blood vascular and lymphatic systems, along the length of the vascular trees, and in the microvas
A successful AIDS vaccine must elicit an immune state that will prevent the establishment of an HIV-1 persistent infection. This is a unique and difficult goal for a vaccine. Most vaccines elicit or prime for immune responses that prevent or attenuate the expression of clinical disease following infection with the pat
Using several HIV-1-specific antibodies and the immunogold labelling technique, we have detected and localized distinct viral proteins on ultrathin sections of HIV-1 infected cells embedded in the Lowicryl K4M resin. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against p24, p17 and gp160/gp41 showed a preferential labelling on viral
Bull World Health Organ. 1992;70(2):149-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92288988
Sudre P; ten Dam G; Kochi A; Division of Communicable Diseases World Health Organization,; Geneva, Switzerland.
The overall tuberculosis situation in the world in 1990 and its recent trends are reviewed by an analysis of the case notifications to WHO and tuberculosis mortality reports. Estimates of the prevalence of tuberculosis infection and the incidence of tuberculosis disease and deaths predicted in 1990 were carried out wi
O'Riordan TG; Smaldone GC; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook; 11794-8172.
In patients, urinary levels of pentamidine have been shown to reflect pulmonary deposition of aerosolized drug. Using urinary levels and air filter samples, we assessed factors responsible for health care worker (HCW) exposure. We measured serial urine samples in HCWs who administered aerosol pentamidine over an 11-mo
Escamilla R; Prevost MC; Hermant C; Caratero A; Cariven C; Krempf M; Department of Pneumo-Allergologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire; de Purpan, Toulouse, France.
Pulmonary surfactant is altered in experimental Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Although P carinii is a major causative agent of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, the pathophysiology of lung injury caused by this organism is poorly understood. Therefore, we studied bronchoalveolar lavage specimens obtained from
Lowsky R; Amato D; Grossman R; Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of; Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
A 29-year-old man presented with a four-week history of pneumonic symptoms and progressive roentenographic infiltrates which were unresponsive to orally administered antibiotics. Bronchoscopy failed to identify an infectious etiology, but abundant atypical lymphocytes in the bronchial washings were present. A diagnosi
Among the various approaches used to study behaviours of use and abuse of drugs, epidemiology is now being called upon to direct its attention to two other approaches. Firstly, it should provide a more global view of subject groups than the specific descriptions of a few specialized centres. Secondly, it should take p
Trussell J; Warner DL; Hatcher RA; Office of Population Research, Princeton University, N.J.
A prospective study using two brands of condoms found that of 405 condoms used for intercourse, 7.9% either broke during intercourse or withdrawal or slipped off during intercourse; none of these events were related to condom brand, past condom use or use of additional lubricant. Of the remaining condoms, 7.2% slipped
FEBS Lett. 1992 May 18;302(3):206-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92289997
Bourinbaiar AS; Nagorny R; Tan X; Population Council, Center for Biomedical Research, New York, NY; 10021.
Increase in levels of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy may affect intra-uterine HIV-1 infection through their effect on maternal immunocompetent cells. These hormones were examined for containing HIV-1 production from ACH-2 lymphocytes and U1 monocytes. Neither of the hormones has an effect on ACH-2, but wit
Crittenden JA; Handelsman DJ; Stewart GJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Westmead Hospital,; University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on semen quality and to investigate the role of clinical stage of infection, mode of virus acquisition, and azidothymidine ( AZT ) treatment. DESIGN, PATIENTS, MAIN OUTCOME
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1992 May;14(3):192-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92290264
Rodgers C; Division of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Jefferson Medical; College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Although extrapyramidal side effects of two commonly used antiemetics, metoclopramide and prochlorperazine, are well known, it may be difficult for even the experienced practitioner to distinguish some of these extrapyramidal reactions from such psychiatric symptoms as anxiety, depression, or catatonia. Certain patien
This paper describes the development of a brief scale to measure attitudes toward persons with AIDS. Results from content validation, factor analysis, classical reliability estimation and generalizability analysis show the measure to have strong psychometric properties.
Int J Cancer. 1992 Jun 19;51(4):593-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92290629
Tachibana N; Okayama A; Ishihara S; Shioiri S; Murai K; Tsuda K; Goya N; Matsuo Y; Essex M; Stuver S; et al; Second Department of Medicine, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan.
The level of proviral DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a representative group of asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers in Miyazaki district, an HTLV-I endemic area in Japan , was determined by a single-cycle polymerase chain reaction method (PCR). Of 217 subjects, 26% had a high
Isaacman SH; Cook County Department of Health, Sexually Transmitted Disease; Division, Maywood, Ill.
Media, professional associations, public health agencies, legislators, and courts have focused attention to the problem of HIV-infected healthcare professionals. Practitioners should become aware of recently revised ethical guidelines, the doctrine of informed consent, court decisions, and legislation because of the e
Hook WC; Fernandes JJ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Philadelphia; College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pa.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 have been associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The detection of HIV infections is based on the screening of serum samples for the presence of antibodies to HIV proteins. Serum samples that test positive on screening must be assayed by a confirm
This monthly series was developed from the AOA Task Force on AIDS Writers Workshop, held August 16 to 18, 1991, in New York. The workshop was sponsored by an education grant from Burroughs Wellcome. It will provide brief clinical updates and perspectives on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Readers may request
This monthly series was developed from the AOA Task Force on AIDS Writers Workshop, held August 16 to 18, 1991, in New York. The workshop was sponsored by an education grant from Burroughs Wellcome. It will provide brief clinical updates and perspectives on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Readers may request
Lee C; Gorisch H; Kleinkauf H; Zocher R; Institut fur Biochemie und Molekulare Biologie, Technischen; Universitat Berlin, Germany.
A highly specific D-hydroxyisovalerate (D-HIV) dehydrogenase, which is a key enzyme in depsipeptide synthesis, was purified to near homogeneity from the enniatin-producing fungus Fusarium sambucinum. The enzyme catalyzes the reversible reaction of 2-ketoisovalerate (2-KIV) to D-HIV. It is strictly dependent on NADPH a
Ugen KE; Goedert JJ; Boyer J; Refaeli Y; Frank I; Williams WV; Willoughby A; Landesman S; Mendez H; Rubinstein A; et al; Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Pennsylvania.
The observation that approximately 70% of HIV-infected pregnant women do not transmit infection vertically suggests that antibody therapy may be effective in the prevention of transmission of HIV infection from mother to child. Currently, there is an incomplete understanding of the processes involved in vertical trans
J Community Health. 1992 Apr;17(2):73-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92291367
Forney MA; Inciardi JA; Lockwood D; Drug Research Center, University of Miami School of Medicine.
Studies of the HIV risks of crack-cocaine using women have focused on those living in the inner city, urban areas of the country. However, reports indicate that the rates of syphilis and HIV infection have shown greater increases in rural areas than in urban ones. This paper reports the findings of a comparative study
Sim J; Department of Health Sciences, Coventry Polytechnic, England.
This paper examines the notion of risk assessment in relation to nursing patients with HIV infection or AIDS. Risk assessment consists in examining three features of a given hazard; its magnitude, its probability, and its acceptability. In relation to the last of these, an acceptability threshold can be identified.
O'Leary A; Goodhart F; Jemmott LS; Boccher-Lattimore D; Department of Psychology, Rutgers, State University of New; Jersey, New Brunswick.
In April and May 1989, the authors surveyed a sample of students enrolled on four college campuses in New Jersey (N = 923) concerning their HIV transmission-related behavior, knowledge, and a variety of conceptual variables taken primarily from social cognitive theory that were thought to be potentially predictive of
J Immunol. 1992 Jun 15;148(12):3799-805. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92291498
Murphy WJ; Durum SK; Anver MR; Longo DL; Division of Cancer Treatment, Program Resources, Inc./DynCorp,; National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and; Development Center, Frederick, MD 21702-1201.
DW/J dwarf mice lack acidophilic anterior pituitary cells and are deficient in growth hormone and other neuroendocrine mediators. These mice were examined to determine the effects of these deficiencies on hematopoietic and immune system development. Previous studies have suggested that these mice had immunologic defec
Scoular A; Corcoran GD; Malin A; Evans BA; Davies A; Miller RF; Department of Genito-urinary Medicine, UCMSM, Middlesex Hospital,; London, U.K.
Liver abscess formation due to Fusobacterium nucleatum is rare. We describe an HIV-I antibody positive man, with normal surrogate markers of cell-mediated immunity, who presented with F. nucleatum bacteraemia and liver abscess formation. He was found to have IgG2 subclass deficiency. This case illustrates the clinical
In a continuing study on the occurrence of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease by screening sputum cultures and from clinical judgement, from 1979 to 1987, a second series of 42 patients were suspected of having pulmonary infection caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. As identified by the WHO Collaborating Cen
Chen K; Shi QA; Fujioka T; Zhang DC; Hu CQ; Jin JQ; Kilkuskie RE; Lee KH; Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of; Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
A new kaurane-type diterpene lactone, tripterifordin [1], has been isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including the concerted application of a number of 2D nmr techniques that involved the 1H-1H COSY, heteronucleus-detected variants of the het
Safrin S; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Resistance to acyclovir in vitro in herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolates has been associated with failure of acyclovir therapy in immunosuppressed patients, and the frequency of reports of clinical resistance in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is increa
Pardridge WM; Buciak JL; Yoshikawa T; Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; School of Medicine.
One class of potential acquired immunodeficiency syndrome therapeutics are derivatives of recombinant CD4 (rCD4). Therefore, the present investigations use in vivo techniques to measure the rate at which [3H]rCD4 is transported through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In addition, the binding of labeled rCD4 to isolated
Smith AJ; Walker DM; Department of Basic Dental Science, Dental School, University of; Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff.
In 1981 a new acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was first described. The disease has a 100% mortality rate and over 359,000 cases have been reported to the WHO from 162 countries. The WHO estimates that the cumulative global total of AIDS cases as of early 1991 is more than 1.5 million. The dental profession, in line
Nakayama S; Moncrief ND; Kretsinger RH; Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville; 22901.
In the first report in this series we described the relationships and evolution of 152 individual proteins of the EF-hand subfamilies. Here we add 66 additional proteins and define eight (CDC, TPNV, CLNB, LPS, DGK, 1F8, VIS, TCBP) new subfamilies and seven (CAL, SQUD, CDPK, EFH5, TPP, LAV, CRGP) new unique proteins, w
Johnson EH; Gant L; Hinkle YA; Gilbert D; Willis C; Hoopwood T; Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables,; Florida.
This study identified a sample of young African-American men and women classified as having multiple sex partners or one sex partner. Of the 149 men, 71 (47%) were classified as having multiple sex partners and 78 (53%) as having one sex partner. Of the 165 women, 29 (19%) were classified as having multiple sex partne
Olopoenia L; Jayam-Trouth A; Barnes S; Young M; Varshney N; Howard University, College of Medicine, Department of Medicine,; Washington, DC.
This article describes the first case of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive infant in whom apnea was the earliest presenting clinical finding. Pediatricians treating infants with HIV infection need to be aware of this unusual clinical presentation of P carinii pneumonia
Hutchinson J; Department of Anthropology, University of Houston, TX 77204-5882.
Institutionalized racism affects general health care as well as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) health intervention and services in minority communities. The overrepresentation of minorities in various disease categories, including AIDS, is partially related to racism. The national response to the AIDS epide
Rovinski B; Haynes JR; Cao SX; James O; Sia C; Zolla-Pazner S; Matthews TJ; Klein MH; Department of Molecular Genetics, Connaught Centre for; Biotechnology Research, Willowdale, Ontario, Canada.
Noninfectious human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viruslike particles containing chimeric envelope glycoproteins were expressed in mammalian cells by using inducible promoters. We engineered four expression vectors in which a synthetic oligomer encoding gp120 residues 306 to 328 (amino acids YNKRKRIHIGP GRAFYT
Han XM; Laras A; Rounseville MP; Kumar A; Shank PR; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George; Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20037.
Protein kinase C (PKC) is involved in the mitogenic stimulation of cell proliferation and has recently been reported to be essential for Tat-mediated trans activation. We have determined that RNA binding of a cellular factor which specifically interacts with the trans-activation response region (TAR) is blocked in cel
Perez LG; O'Donnell MA; Stephens EB; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota School of; Medicine, UMHC, Minneapolis 55455-0323.
To study the intracellular transport and biological properties of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmembrane glycoprotein (TM; gp41), we constructed a truncated envelope gene in which the majority of the coding sequences for the surface glycoprotein (SU; gp120) were deleted. Transient expression of
Harrison GP; Lever AM; University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's; Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Interaction of cis-acting RNA sequences with nucleocapsid proteins is one of the critical events leading to retroviral genomic RNA packaging. We have derived a potentially stable secondary structure for the packaging signal region of human immunodeficiency virus strain IIIB, using a combination of biochemical analysis
Sommerfelt MA; Petteway SR Jr; Dreyer GB; Hunter E; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
Mason- Pfizer monkey virus (M-PMV) is the prototype type D retrovirus which preassembles immature intracytoplasmic type A particles within the infected cell cytoplasm. Intracytoplasmic type A particles are composed of uncleaved polyprotein precursors which upon release are
Marcuzzi A; Weinberger J; Weinberger OK; Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia; University, New York, New York 10032.
One of the unexplained aspects of the progression of AIDS is that immunological abnormalities are detectable before CD4+ T-helper cell depletion occurs (A.R. Gruters, F.G. Terpstra, R. De Jong, C.J.M. Van Noesel, R.A.W. Van Lier, and F. Miedema, Eur. J. Immunol. 20:1039-1044, 1990; F. Miedema, A.J. Chantal-Petit, F.G.
Haffar OK; Moran PA; Smithgall MD; Diegel ML; Sridhar P; Ledbetter JA; Zarling JM; Hu SL; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle,; Washington 98121.
We have previously reported on the assembly of recombinant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-like particles that contain gag structural proteins and present env glycoproteins gp120 and gp41 on their surfaces (O. Haffar,. J. Garriques, B. Travis, P. Moran, J. Zarling, and S.-L. Hu, J. Virol. 64:2653-2659, 1990). On th
Garrett ED; Cullen BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710.
The Rev proteins of the related but distinct human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) display incomplete functional reciprocity. One possible explanation for this observation is that HIV-2 Rev is unable to interact with the HIV-1 Rev-response element (RRE1). However, an analysis of the biological a
Green PL; Yip MT; Xie Y; Chen IS; Department of Medicine, University of California, School of; Medicine, Los Angeles.
The Rex protein of human T-cell leukemia virus types I (HTLV-I) and II (HTLV-II) regulates the expression of the viral structural genes and is critical for viral replication. Rex acts by specifically binding to RNAs containing sequences of the R region of the 5 long terminal repeat. Two forms of Rex detected in HTLV-
Fujita K; Silver J; Peden K; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Virus derived from an infectious molecular clone of the ELI strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replicates well in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in some CD4-positive cell lines but exhibits a delayed time course of infection in CEM and H9 cells and fails to infect SupT1 and U937 cells. If th
Berman PW; Matthews TJ; Riddle L; Champe M; Hobbs MR; Nakamura GR; Mercer J; Eastman DJ; Lucas C; Langlois AJ; et al; Department of Immunobiology, Genentech, Inc., South San; Francisco, California 94080.
Vaccines prepared from the envelope glycoprotein, gp120, of the common laboratory isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (IIIB/LAV-1) elicit antibodies that neutralize the homologous virus but show little if any cross-neutralizing activity. This may be because the principal neutralizing determinant (PN
Kessler M; Mathews MB; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724-2208.
We have used transient expression assays to study transcription directed by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 promoter. A plasmid containing an HIV-reporter gene fusion and a simian virus 40 origin of DNA replication was transfected into COS-1 cells in the presence or absence of a Tat expression vector. HI
Steffy KR; Kraus G; Looney DJ; Wong-Staal F; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0665.
Syncytium induction is a characteristic feature of infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. The hydrophobic amino terminus of the transmembrane glycoprotein of HIV type 1 is an essential determinant of virus entry into the target cell population and the formation of syncytia in cell culture. To define
Weichselbraun I; Berger J; Dobrovnik M; Bogerd H; Grassmann R; Greene WC; Hauber J; Bohnlein E; SANDOZ Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
The 27-kDa Rex trans-acting protein appears to be essential for replication of human T-cell leukemia virus type I. Mutations introduced outside of the Rex RNA-binding domain-nucleolar localization signal display either wild-type activity or, conversely, yield dominant-negative proteins. We generated missense mutations
Boeri E; Giri A; Lillo F; Ferrari G; Varnier OE; Ferro A; Sabbatani S; Saxinger WC; Franchini G; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The principal neutralizing epitope of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) lies between two invariant cysteines in the third variable region (V3) of the viral envelope (gp120), and its amino acid sequence varies among different HIV-1 isolates. HIV-2 carries an analogous amino acid sequence between two cyste
Zacharopoulos VR; Perotti ME; Phillips DM; Population Council, New York, New York 10021.
After the addition of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected lymphocytes to enterocyte monolayers, the lymphocytes adhered via microvilli from both cell types and shed virus onto the enterocyte surface. Virus fused with the epithelial membrane and infected these cells as confirmed by electron microsc
Alonso A; Derse D; Peterlin BM; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0724.
Levels of trans activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat (HIV-1 LTR) by the virally encoded transactivator Tat show marked species-specific differences. For example, levels of transactivation observed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) rodent cells are 10-fold lower than those in human ce
Kuiken CL; de Jong JJ; Baan E; Keulen W; Tersmette M; Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
The third variable domain (V3) of the envelope gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 contains a major neutralization epitope and determinants of syncytium-inducing (SI) capacity and replication rate (reviewed by J. P. Moore and P. L. Nara, AIDS Suppl. 2:S21-S33, 1991). Sequences were generated from DNA of sample
Wong PK; Shikova E; Lin YC; Saha K; Szurek PF; Stoica G; Madden R; Brooks BR; University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park,; Research Division, Smithville 78957.
The ts1 mutant of Moloney murine leukemia virus TB (MoMuLV-TB) causes a degenerative neurologic and immunologic disease in mice characterized by development of spongiform encephalomyelopathy that results in hind-limb paralysis, marked thymic atrophy associated with immunodeficiency, and generalized body wasting. T cel
Pavlakis GN; Felber BK; Ciminale V; Unge T; Solomin L; Harrison JE; Human Retrovirus Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702-1201.
Thuja polysaccharide g fraction (TPSg) was shown to be an inducer of the CD4+ fraction of the human peripheral blood T-cell subset (1,2). Furthermore, it could be demonstrated that TPSg is a potent inhibitor of the expression of HIV-1-specific antigens and of the HIV-1-specific reverse transcriptase (3). This report d
Gao Q; Parniak MA; Gu Z; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Cote; Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Several laboratories have shown that AZT-resistant variants of HIV-1 can be isolated from patients who have received prolonged therapy with this drug. Our laboratory has now been able to generate HIV-1 variants resistant to both AZT and ddI, in tissue culture, by using step-wise increases in the concentrations of each
Maruyama K; Fukushima T; Mochizuki S; Kawamura K; Miyauchi M; Department of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute,; Japan.
Sera and DNA samples, including cord blood, were examined from six members of a three-generation family suspected of being carriers of HTLV-I. Serum antibodies to HTLV-I were detected by Western blot analysis more clearly in adults than in children. DNA sequences related to HTLV-I-gag and -tax, but not -pol genes were
Saggioro D; Majone F; Forino M; Turchetto L; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, University of Padova, Italy.
The factors that regulate low viral expression and long latency after HTLV-I infection are poorly understood. To study the possible mechanisms involved in the regulation of gene expression and cell transformation, we studied whether (1) methylation could play a role in viral transcription, and (2) tax product could fa
Berneman ZN; Gartenhaus RB; Reitz MS Jr; Klotman ME; Gallo RC; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, NIH,; Bethesda, MD. 20892.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). In both diseases, expression of viral message can generally only be demonstrated by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
Castillo Palma MJ; Sanchez Roman J; Varela Aguilar JM; Andreu Alvarez J; Gavilan Carrasco F; Fernandez Cruz J; Barea JL; Departamento de Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Universitario; Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla.
The aim of the present was to study the possible clinical histological correlations in the cases of lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LG) diagnosed in the last 10 years. Clinic evolutive data were collected in 7 patients diagnosed LG. The histological samples related to the same were revised and an immunohistochemical stud
Lopez MT; Lluch M; Fernandez-Sola J; Coca A; Urbano-Marquez A; Servicio de Medicina Interna General, Hospital Clinic i; Provincial, Barcelona.
A 32 years old male patient is described with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on stage IV C1 and with positive Ag p24 who developed tuberculous meningitis of atypical presentation. A persistent liquoral neutrophilia and low adenosindeaminase values were observed in cerebrospinal fluid of purulent a
Filice G; Cereda PM; Orsolini P; Soldini L; Gulminetti R; Romero E; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, IRCSS San; Matteo, Italy.
In mice experimentally infected with 1 x 10(5) UI/mouse of HTLV-IIIB IgM antibodies were detected 10-12 days after the infection, reaching peak values two weeks later; the IgM seratiter progressively decreased thereafter and was negative at ten-eleven weeks. HIV p24 antigen was detected ten-fifteen days after infectio
Masci JR; Department of Medicine, Elmhurst Hospital Center, NY 11373.
AIDS will soon emerge as one of the top five causes of death in the United States . By 1995 it is going to be roughly equivalent to stroke in this regard: about 200,000 deaths annually. By that year between 400,000 and 500,000 AIDS cases will have been reported in this country. Right no
Reichman LB; Pulmonary Division, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New; Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, University Hospital, Newark; 07103-2425.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1992 Jun 6;136(23):1111-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92293312
van Haastrecht HJ; Bindels PJ; van den Hoek JA; Coutinho RA; GG en GD, sector Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Amsterdam.
By combining data collected through a cohort study among injecting drug users (IDUs), which started December 1985, with data on the number of notified cases of AIDS, the cumulative number of HIV-infected IDUs residing in Amsterdam was estimated. The estimated cumulative incidence of HIV-infection among IDUs in Amsterd
Mil Med. 1992 Feb;157(2):80-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92293599
Withers BG; Kelley PW; McNeil JG; Cowan DN; Brundage JF; Division of Preventive Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC 20307.
The Department of Defense has conducted extensive HIV testing for over 5 years. We summarize the epidemiology of the HIV infection in the total Army. While screening of civilian applicants effectively ensures seronegativity of enlistees, there are approximately 220 new HIV infections each year among active duty soldie
Williams AB; Adult Health Division, Yale University School of Nursing, New; Haven, Conn.
The growing epidemic of HIV infection poses a serious threat to women s health in the United States and abroad. In the United States, HIV disproportionately affects African-American and Hispanic-American woman. Primary care providers will be faced with an increasing need to provide cou
Johnstone FD; Kilpatrick DC; Burns SM; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Edinburgh,; Scotland.
Abnormal anticardiolipin antibodies are associated with adverse pregnancy outcome in the general obstetric population. We studied 55 pregnancies in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to examine two hypotheses: that a substantial proportion of these women would have raised anticardiolipin a
Garth WP Jr; Sports Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham.
In an athlete, the torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is best managed by surgical reconstruction. The failure to recognize an acutely torn ACL and the resulting inappropriate treatment can result in additional irreversible damage to the athlete s knee. Yet, as recently as 1983, a report documented that physicians f
Borkowsky W; Krasinski K; Department of Pediatrics, New York University Medical; Center/Bellevue Hospital Center, New York.
Perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is undoubtedly a multifactorial process. Neither the quantity of viremia nor the level of neutralizing antibody in the infected mother is alone predictive of HIV transmission to her offspring. Additional cofactors may include the ability of maternal immunity to co
Grant C; McKinney RE Jr; Weedy C; Katz SL; Wilfert CM; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
The authors reviewed the means by which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity was acquired for the 134 seropositive children seen at Duke University Medical Center prior to September 1990. Perinatal transmission occurred in 111 (83%) and blood product transmission in 15 (11%). Of the 108 mothers (there wer
Falloon J; Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Primary care physicians can play a crucial role in the care of patients with HIV infection. Treatment often requires orchestration of many complex drug regimens. In addition, the patient must make informed decisions about a broad range of care-related issues. Steps in the care of such patients include (1) staging of H
Rhame FS; University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic, Minneapolis 55455.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission to healthcare workers arises primarily from percutaneous injury by sharp devices recently contaminated with infected blood. The danger is small but real, and substantial effort to reduce this risk is justified. The risk of transmission to patients from HIV-infected healt
Henry WK; University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis.
The fast pace of HIV/AIDS research and the wide spectrum of issues involved can be intimidating for busy primary care physicians who see HIV-infected patients infrequently. The information covered in this article is intended to form a core that should be a part of all physicians medical knowledge today.
Thurn JR; Department of Infectious Diseases, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs; Medical Center, MN 55417.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has resulted in a worldwide pandemic of infection. By 1991 more than 350,000 AIDS cases had been reported to the World Health Organization , but it is estimated that there are now more than 10 million people infected worldwide. HIV can rapidly spre
Molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out based on the GROMOS force field on the aspartyl protease (PR) of the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1. The principal simulation treats the HIV-1 PR dimer and 6990 water molecules in a hexagonal prism cell under periodic boundary conditions and was carried out for
Caflisch A; Niederer P; Anliker M; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Informatics,; University of Zurich, Switzerland.
A new two-step procedure has been developed for the docking of flexible oligopeptide chains of unknown conformation to static proteins of known structure. In the first step positions and conformations are sampled and the association energy minimized starting from an approximate preselected docking position. The result
The peripheral activated T-cell subsets which express concurrently DR and CD antigens were determined in 22 patients with Graves disease using the fluorescence-rosette double labelling technique. In the active phase of the disease a decrease in the percentage of CD8+ cells, an increase in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and an e
Science. 1992 Jun 5;256(5062):1445-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92294872
Milton RC; Milton SC; Kent SB; Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla,; CA 92037.
The D and L forms of the enzyme HIV-1 protease have been prepared by total chemical synthesis. The two proteins had identical covalent structures. However, the folded protein-enzyme enantiomers showed reciprocal chiral specificity on peptide substrates. That is, each enzyme enantiomer cut only the corresponding substr
Standing H; School of African and Asian Studies, University of Sussex,; Falmer, Brighton, U.K.
This paper describes some of the conceptual and methodological issues encountered in the course of a study of mainly anthropological secondary source materials on sexual behaviour in sub-Saharan Africa. Its aim was to survey and review existing literature and other secondary sources available both outside and within A
Powell-Cope GM; Brown MA; Community Health Care Systems, School of Nursing, University of; Washington, Seattle 98195.
Images of AIDS invoke fears of contagion, disability and formidable death, and moral overtones directed toward drug use, sexuality and sexual identity and freedom. Responses to these images are both private and public, and have profound consequences for individuals whose lives have been touched by the disease, both th
South Med J. 1992 Jun;85(6):571-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92294947
Whyte BM; Carr JC; Office of Infectious Disease, Department of Human Resources,; Atlanta, Ga.
Through 1990, 308 cases of AIDS had been reported in female residents of Georgia (aged 13 years and older); 77 (25%) were white and 228 (75%) black. The mean age of the white women (43.8 years) was greater than that of the black women (34.5 years). One hundred sixty-six women were from Atlanta (metro Atl), the major m
South Med J. 1992 Jun;85(6):584-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92294949
Pust RE; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of; Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson 85724.
Physicians in the United States must maintain vigilance for the 25,000 annual new cases of tuberculosis, concentrated in the elderly, in immigrants, in migrant and minority populations, and in immunosuppressed patients. Tuberculosis rates in the South remain above the national average.
Dehne KL; Dhlakama DG; Richter C; Mawadza M; McClean D; Huss R; Tropical Health Unit, Academic Unit of Public Health Medicine,; Leeds.
In areas where resources for health information are limited, the incidence of herpes zoster can usefully be monitored as an indicator of HIV infection. A sudden parallel rise of the number of symptomatic HIV cases and herpes zoster cases was observed in a northern district of Zimbabw
Saksena NK; Sherman MP; Yanagihara R; Dube DK; Poiesz BJ; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Syracuse; 13210.
A 631-bp region of the long terminal repeat (LTR) of a variant of human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), isolated from a healthy member of a remote, recently contacted group (Hagahai) in Papua New Guinea , was sequence
Sakai H; Sakuragi J; Sakuragi S; Shibata R; Adachi A; Department of Viral Oncology, Kyoto University, Japan.
We examined the biological properties of two infectious clones of a simian immunodeficiency virus, SIVMND, which were designated as pMD121 and pMD122. Upon transfection into CD4-negative cells, pMD122 generated virions much less efficiently than pMD121. Likewise, the growth kinetics in CD4-positive cells of virus deri
Five in-frame stop mutations in the HIV-1 env gene, which lead to the production of env gene products truncated within the cytoplasmic C-terminal tail, have been generated and their effects on membrane fusion capacity, glycoprotein incorporation into virus particles, infectivity, and cytopathogenicity were analyzed. T
Sakuragi J; Sakai H; Sakuragi S; Shibata R; Wain-Hobson S; Hayami M; Adachi A; Department of Virai Oncology, Kyoto University, Japan.
In reporter-based transient expression systems, we characterized simian immunodeficiency virus from a chimpanzee (SIVCPZ), with special reference to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). SIVCPZ was not equally activated by tat and rev transactivators derived from representative primate lentiviruses. HIV-1 a
Schols D; Pauwels R; Desmyter J; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
Depending on the cell line used for virus propagation, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) particles may possess class II MHC proteins, as demonstrated by FACS analysis. HLA-DR appeared in high amounts at the HIV envelope, if the virus was grown in HLA-DR+ cells, but was absent if the virus had been grown in HLA-DR- ce
For ten years now the Aids epidemic has worried mankind. In the same time the virus has spread all over the world. Ever more people fall ill. 56,000 cases of Aids have been notified only in Europe until June 1991. Prognoses for the future are difficult to make, some areas will be strongly affected. The surveillance an
Estermann J; Rutz R; Federal Office of Public Health, Epidemiology Section,; Bern-Liebefeld/Switzerland.
In Switzerland and in the Federal Republic of Germany the reporting of HIV infections is based on an anonymous mandatory reporting system for laboratories. In Switzerland, physicians have to complete a questionnaire on the patient s clinic
Morriss R; Schaerf F; Brandt J; McArthur J; Folstein M; Department of Psychiatry, University of Manchester, United; Kingdom.
The presence of mental disorder and cognitive functioning were examined in groups of 20 multiple sclerosis (MS) and homosexual acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ambulatory male outpatients matched for disability and demographic features. Patients who were somatically ill, had past central nervous system infect
Am J Med. 1992 Jun;92(6):587-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296082
Casadevall A; Dobroszycki J; Small C; Pirofski LA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.
PURPOSE: Our objective was to determine the number of cases of Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteremia in patients with and at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from January 1983 to June 1991 at a municipal hospital in Bronx, New York. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed blood culture records of adult
Am J Med Sci. 1992 Jun;303(6):395-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296116
Becker DM; Saunders TJ; Wispelwey B; Schain DC; Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences; Center, Charlottesville.
Recently, the authors managed three patients with AIDS and venous thromboembolism. All three were active, ambulatory, and without known risk factors for pulmonary embolism or deep venous thrombosis. One patient had a low titer for IgG anticardiolipin antibody (1:13). Two had low normal values for free protein S, and t
Am J Pathol. 1992 Jun;140(6):1401-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296277
Green JE; Baird AM; Hinrichs SH; Klintworth GK; Jay G; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201.
The expression of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) tax gene in transgenic mice has been shown to result in the development of neurofibromas. Further characterization of these transgenic mice has revealed other significant pathologic similarities between this transgenic mouse model and human neurofib
Am J Psychother. 1992 Apr;46(2):207-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296304
Badalamenti A; Langs R; Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg,; NY 10962.
This paper has presented a quantitative/stochastic research approach to aspects of a psychotherapy with an HIV-positive patient. The Box-Jenkins (ARIMA) method for time-series analysis was applied to the duration of speaker roles for a single male patient in his first three sessions with a male therapist. The results
Am J Psychother. 1992 Apr;46(2):226-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296305
Langs R; Badalamenti A; Cramer G; Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg,; NY 10962.
This paper has introduced three mathematically based models that are part of a burgeoning new formal mode of the science of psychoanalysis: (1) The Power Spectral Density Function, which investigates the vicissitudes of cyclical power; (2) Work and Force, which lead to measurement of the instantaneous power of a sessi
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1992;143(1):50-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296468
Sabbagh M; Meyer O; De Bandt M; Salomon-Ceron D; Perronne C; Rosenbaum W; Tremoliere F; Kahn MF; Department of Rheumatology, Bichat Hospital, Paris.
To date, descriptions of bone manifestations associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have mostly been limited to case reports. Six such cases observed in our Departments of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, are reported. Three types of manifestations were observed: malignant lymphoma, infecti
Therapeutical circumcision (posthectomy) in nine patients presenting with diffuse penile warts. CO2 laser circumcision resulted in a 100 p. 100 cure rate after a 3-month follow-up in patients with diffuse warts of recent onset, and a 75 p. 100 cure rate in patients with recalcitrant warts.
Chams V; Idziorek T; Maddon PJ; Klatzmann D; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Infections; Retrovirales, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, URA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 1463, Paris, France.
The binding of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120 to the CD4 molecule is the initial step in the viral replicative cycle. This interaction is therefore an important target for therapeutic intervention for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection. We designed an enzyme-linked im
Tomioka H; Saito H; Sato K; Yamane T; Yamashita K; Hosoe K; Fujii K; Hidaka T; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shimane Medical; University, Izumo, Japan.
Newly synthesized benzoxazinorifamycin, KRM-1648, was studied for its in vivo anti-Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) activities. When the MICs were determined by the agar dilution method with Middlebrook 7H11 agar medium, KRM-1648 exhibited similarly potent in vitro antimicrobial activities against the MAC isolated fr
Nakamura M; Kunimoto S; Takahashi Y; Naganawa H; Sakaue M; Inoue S; Ohno T; Takeuchi T; Department of Microbiology, Jikei University School of Medicine,; Tokyo, Japan.
We examined the inhibitory activities of 10 polyether antibiotics on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. These compounds caused concentration-dependent inhibition of HIV replication in primary infected cultures of human T-lymphoblastoid H9 cells. The ratio of 50% effective concentrations for cellular cytotoxici
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 1992 May;49(5):271-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297178
Avila-Figueroa C; Navarrete-Navarro S; Ramirez-Galvan L; Baltazar-Lopez A; Lopez-Serrano M; Santos-Preciado JI; Departamento de Investigaciones Epidemiologicas, Hospital; Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico, D.F.
Among the strategies directed towards the control of preventable illnesses through vaccination, are the National Days for Vaccination and the intensive campaigns for country-wide vaccination, which have been taking place in our country during the last few years. An important aspect that must be taken into account is t
Drug Saf. 1992 Mar-Apr;7(2):116-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297208
Gunzler V; Division of Pharmaceutical Research, Hoechst AG, Frankfurt,; Federal Republic of Germany.
The sedative thalidomide was withdrawn from the market 30 years ago because of its teratogenic and neurotoxic adverse effects. The compound was later discovered to be extremely effective in the treatment of erythema nodosum leprosum, a complication of lepromatous leprosy. This effect is probably due to a direct influe
Nurs Stand. 1992 May 13-19;6(34):34-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297420
Burnard P
Twenty-one people involved in AIDS counselling or nurse education on AIDS were interviewed using a semi-structured process involving key questions. The interviews were transcribed directly onto a lap-top computer, then entered into a free-form database computer program for analysis. The findings, although non-generali
AIDS Clin Rev. 1992;:261-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297495
Kahn JO; Northfelt DW; Miles SA; University of California, San Francisco.
The underlying degree of immune suppression is an important consideration in the selection of treatment for AIDS-KS. In general, subjects with CD4+ T lymphocytes greater than 500/mm3 require only local therapy unless there is some specific disability caused by the AIDS-KS lesions. Subjects with CD4+ T lymphocytes betw
AIDS Clin Rev. 1992;:281-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297496
Macks JA; Abrams DI; JKRAssociates, San Francisco, California.
Human immunodeficiency virus disease has presented the medical professional with many challenges over the past 10 years. In the decade ahead, one aspect of working in the field that is certainly becoming an increasingly formidable issue will be dealing with AIDS-related burnout among health care professionals. The ris
Biochemistry. 1992 Jun 9;31(22):5193-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297628
Griffiths JT; Phylip LH; Konvalinka J; Strop P; Gustchina A; Wlodawer A; Davenport RJ; Briggs R; Dunn BM; Kay J; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wales College of; Cardiff, United Kingdom.
The sequence requirements for HIV-1 proteinase catalyzed cleavage of oligopeptides containing two distinct types of junctions (-hydrophobic*hydrophobic- or -aromatic*Pro-) has been investigated. For the first type of junction (-hydrophobic*hydrophobic-) the optimal residues in the P2 and P2 positions were found to be
Trenkwalder C; Straube A; Paulus W; Krafczyk S; Schielke E; Einhaupl KM; Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Klinikum; Grosshadern, Federal Republic of Germany.
We have recorded postural performance in 50 HIV-infected patients in different stages of the disease (Walter Reed (WR) stages I-VI) by means of a force measuring platform. The results were compared with 50 age-matched controls. A significant instability was particularly evident when standing on an unstable foot suppor
Today s manager is faced with a multitude of issues regarding the HIV-infected health-care provider. A well-planned and organized response to such a situation can best meet both employer and provider needs. The manager should possess the knowledge to both respond appropriately and utilize the necessary resources in ac
AIDS Care. 1992;4(2):131-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297703
Bloor MJ; McKeganey NP; Finlay A; Barnard MA; School of Social and Administrative Studies, University of Wales,; College of Cardiff, UK.
Much the most common models of HIV-related risk behaviour are those psychosocial models derived from studies of health behaviour and tested on large interview samples of American gay men. These models were not appropriate for understanding risk behaviour among 32 Glasgow male prostitutes. Whereas psycho-social models
AIDS Care. 1992;4(2):139-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297704
Ross MW; Wodak A; Gold J; Miller ME; National Centre in HIV Social Research, University of New South; Wales, Australia.
Injecting drug users (IDUs) play a disproportionate role in the spread of HIV given their injecting and sexual contacts, and thereby act as conduits between these risk groups. We investigated differences in risk behaviour and HIV seroprevalence in a Sydney sample of 1,245 IDUs. Significant differences were observed ac
AIDS Care. 1992;4(2):149-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297705
Klimes I; Catalan J; Garrod A; Day A; Bond A; Rizza C; Department of Clinical Psychology, Warneford Hospital, Oxford,; UK.
The study was concerned with determining the prevalence of psychosocial problems in partners of men with haemophilia and HIV infection, and with identifying factors associated with psychological morbidity. Partners of 17 HIV positive and partners of 19 HIV negative men with haemophilia were assessed in a cross-section
Self administered questionnaires were given to 34 midwives, who regularly counsel parturient women about the HIV antibody test, to investigate their attitudes to the test being offered in the antenatal clinic. Most of the midwives felt that testing should not be compulsory and that the test should be offered to all pr
AIDS Care. 1992;4(2):165-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297707
Boulton M; Hart G; Fitzpatrick R; Academic Department of Public Health, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London, UK.
Relatively little is known about the behaviour of bisexual men which may help in assessing their role in HIV transmission. A sample of 60 behaviourally bisexual men were asked about their sexual behaviour with male and female partners and their perceptions of risk of HIV infection. Only a minority of men engaged in un
AIDS Care. 1992;4(2):177-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297708
Gallop RM; Taerk G; Lancee WJ; Coates RA; Fanning M; Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Canada.
The purpose of this study was to develop an educational package for health care providers. Findings from a survey conducted by investigators were used to direct intervention content. All subjects received a 1 hour educational package. Since this type of intervention was not expected to be sufficient to modify attitude
AIDS Care. 1992;4(2):187-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297709
Fife-Schaw CR; Breakwell GM; Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, UK.
This paper reviews UK surveys of the sexual behaviour of young people since the advent of AIDS. The studies, which are restricted to those whose samples were intended to be representative of the general population, reveal broadly similar estimates of key sexual behaviours (numbers with sexual experience, numbers of pa
AIDS Care. 1992;4(2):203-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297710
Layzell S; McCarthy M; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College; London, UK.
Health services for people with HIV/AIDS have been mainly hospital based, but it is now recognized that much care can be provided outside hospitals. There are well documented problems in delivering care in the community to other client groups such as the elderly and the mentally ill, but there are particular difficult
Martinez P; Munoz J; Santamaria JM; Teira R; Etxabarri SG; Miguel F; Cisterna R; Secciones de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil de Bilbao.
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of acute HIV infection must rely in the demonstration of a significant increase in antibody titers against HIV together with the timely development of clinical symptoms. The percentage of cases with symptomatic acute HIV infection is currently unknown. METHODS: We performed a retrospective re
We reported two HIV infected patients with bacteremia and pneumonia due to Rhodococcus equi. None of them had suffer any opportunistic infection before this episode. Clinical presentation includes respiratory tract symptoms of subacute onset and fever. The X-ray examination in both cases revealed pneumonia and lung ab
J Vet Med Sci. 1992 Apr;54(2):293-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297840
Sentsui H; Satou K; Hatakeyama H; Hokkaido Branch, National Institute of Animal Health, Japan.
The mechanism of immunosuppression induced by leukemic bovine serum was investigated with respect to lymphokine reactions using an interleukin 2 ( IL-2 )-dependent bovine T cell line generated from bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). The suppression of concanaval
Prog AIDS Pathol. 1992;3(1):1-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297926
Nelson AM; Firpo A; Kamenga M; Davachi F; Angritt P; Mullick FG; American Registry of Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of; Pathology, Washington, D.C. 20306-6000.
HIV infection in women and children is a special problem in Zaire and in other countries where heterosexual transmission is predominant. Nearly half of the cases of HIV infection are in women 15 to 30 years old and as many as seven infected infants may be born each year. Whether o
Prog AIDS Pathol. 1992;3(1):35-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297927
Diaz C; Garcia-Castro JM; Lopez-Correa R; Fernandez Sein A; Martin de Pumarejo M; Colon JL; Beauchamp B; Flores L; Lugo L; Department of Pediatrics, University of Puerto Rico, School; Medicine, San Juan 00936.
Prog AIDS Pathol. 1992;3(1):49-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297928
Stratton P; Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, National; Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
HIV infection and AIDS is of increasing prevalence among women in the United States , as documented by the AIDS surveillance data and HIV-seroprevalence data from pregnant women and parturients. Monitoring epidemiologic trends in childbearing women has required clever and creative strat
Miller CJ; Kang DW; Marthas M; Moldoveanu Z; Kiyono H; Marx P; Eldridge JH; Mestecky J; McGhee JR; California Regional Primate Research Center, University of; California, Davis 95616.
The humoral and genital secretory immune response to chronic SIV infection was compared between female Rhesus macaques inoculated by i.v. or intravaginal routes. Total IgG levels in serum were 10-fold higher in SIV-infected animals when compared with uninfected controls. Vaginal washes from normal macaques contained p
Villarino ME; Schulte JM; Division of STD/HIV Prevention, Center for Prevention Services,; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.
During the past decade, as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has appeared, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have resurged to epidemic proportions, and STDs have been shown to facilitate transmission of HIV, the diagnosis and treatment of STDs have increased in importance for all clinicians. This article s rec
Hayakawa T; Misumi Y; Kobayashi M; Yamamoto Y; Fujisawa Y; Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Takeda Chemical Industries; Ltd, Osaka, Japan.
The requirement of N- and C-terminal regions for the enzymatic activity of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) protease was investigated using a series of deletion mutants. The activity was analyzed by autoprocessing of the protease itself or by processing of the gag p53 precursor. The deletional analyses indi
The ability of Mycoplasma fermentans (strain incognitus) to fuse with cultured lymphocytes was investigated and the fusion process was characterized. Fusion was measured using an assay to determine lipid mixing based on the dequenching of the fluorescent probe, octadecylrhodamine (R18), that was incorporated into the
Cosmi EV; Falcinelli C; Anceschi MM; Di Renzo GC; Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of Rome La; Sapienza, Italy.
AIDS is the major public health concern today. The short-term history of the disease adds considerable emphasis to the problem in that it has literally exploded in a few years. The pathophysiology and natural history and, what is most important, the treatment, remain enigmatic. Management of women at risk of HIV infec
Donovan B; Rohrsheim R; Bassett I; Mulhall BP; Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Australia.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the incidence of bullous impetigo in a group of homosexual men at high risk of HIV-1 infection. DESIGN--A longitudinal descriptive study (1984-9). SETTING--A private primary care and STD clinic in Sydney, Australia . SUBJECTS--88 homosexual men documented
Lacey CJ; Clarke AM; Fraser P; Metcalfe T; Bonsor G; Curry A; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, General Infirmary, Leeds,; UK.
A case of chronic infection of the nasal mucosae, sinuses and conjunctivae with a microsporidian parasite in association with HIV infection and immune deficiency is reported. This microsporidian resembles both Encephalitozoon cuniculi and the newly described Encephalitozoon hellem by electron microscopy. This occurred
Nordmann P; Ronco E; Service de Microbiologie, Hopital Raymond Poincare, Faculte de; Medecine Paris-Ouest, Garches, France.
Rhodococcus equi is an intracellular facultative, Gram-positive cocco-bacillary organism of increasing importance as a pulmonary pathogen in HIV-positive patients. This study was carried out to evaluate the optimal antibiotic combinations for treating such infections. Four human R. equi isolates and one reference stra
Keen MG; Stamm LV; Bassford PJ; Department of Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine,; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
The antiviral nucleoside derivative zidovudine (3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine) previously has been shown to be an effective antibacterial agent in animals infected with Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium. Since HIV infection can alter the course of human syphilis with serious consequences, it was of interest to d
Sham RL; Bennett JM; University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,; Rochester General Hospital, Department of Medicine, New York; 14621.
Hematologic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection include cytopenias, non-Hodgkin s lymphoma , and myelodysplasia. Acute lymphocytic leukemia has rarely been reported in association with HIV infection. We describe a patient who presented with Burkitt cell le
Oguro K; Sakamoto K; Kitajima K; Oda T; Hirano T; Shimizu N; Utiyama H; Life Science Group, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences,; Hiroshima University.
We developed a highly sensitive procedure for assaying chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) enzyme activity in extracts of eukaryotic cells transfected with the CAT gene expression vector, by modification of the partition extraction procedure described by Sleigh [Anal. Biochem. 156, 251-256 (1986)]. The sensitivity
Pritchard C; Cotton A; Cox M; Department of Social Work Studies, University of Southampton,; Highfield, U.K.
In a sample of 932 4th & 5th year comprehensive school adolescents, 41% had truanted in the current term. The truants, compared with their non-truanting peers, had three times the level of solvent misuse (14% compared with 4%), thrice the soft drug misuse (19% compared with 6%), and four times the involvement with
Weinman ML; Smith PB; Mumford DM; Graduate School of Social Work, University of Houston, Texas; 77204-4492.
In order to assess changes from 1986 to 1989 in knowledge, beliefs, and risk factors for AIDS, the responses of inner-city adolescent girls were compared. Although 63% of the 1989 cohort received AIDS education in school, the base knowledge of the two cohorts was not markedly different. Between 1986 and 1989, the numb
Reisman RE; Livingston A; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo; School of Medicine.
For the past 10 years, we have administered venom immunotherapy with single venoms, whenever it is possible, and maintenance doses of 50 micrograms. The choice of venoms was based on clinical history, skin test reactions, and a knowledge of venom cross-reactivity. There have been 258 re-stings in 108 patients with onl
Utz U; Koenig S; Coligan JE; Biddison WE; Molecular Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological; Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NIH),; Bethesda, MD 20892.
To determine whether similar or dissimilar molecular features of class I molecules are involved in the presentation of structurally distinct peptides, we have investigated the influence of different pockets of the HLA-A2.1 molecule on the presentation of three different viral peptides. HTLV-I Tax peptide 12-19, HCMV g
Khoury EL; Price VH; Abdel-Salam MM; Stern M; Greenspan JS; Department of Stomatology, University of California, San; Francisco 94115.
The therapeutic value of topical minoxidil in alopecia areata (AA) has been investigated in recent years, with variable results. Although the mechanism whereby minoxidil may stimulate hair regrowth in some cases of AA has not yet been elucidated, there have been reports of a decrease in the perifollicular infiltrates
Maloney EM; Biggar RJ; Neel JV; Taylor ME; Hahn BH; Shaw GM; Blattner WA; Viral Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland.
Evidence for human T cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) was sought in sera and cells collected from adults in 13 isolated South and Central American Indian tribes. Serologic tests identified frequent HTLV-II-like reactivity among the Cayapo and Kraho tribes, who live 330 km apart in Central
Cregan P; Yajko DM; Ng VL; Gonzalez PC; Nassos PS; Sanders CA; Hadley WK; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco General Hospital Medical Center.
A mycobacterial DNA probe (designated X) was recently developed to help identify Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) isolates that are nonreactive with probes specific for M. avium or Mycobacterium intracellulare. The prevalence of X probe-positive mycobacteria in clinical specimens and their role in causing disease is
Johnson MP; Coberly JS; Clermont HC; Chaisson RE; Davis HL; Losikoff P; Ruff AJ; Boulos R; Halsey NA; Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public; Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) results in decreased cell-mediated immunity, which includes decreased delayed hypersensitivity to skin test antigens. HIV-1 seropositivity and skin test reactivity to purified protein derivative (PPD) were determined among 2042 healthy Haitian adults with
The cytotoxic efficacy of a heteroconjugate antibody composed of OKT3 cross-linked to a broadly reactive antibody directed against the GPGRAF sequence of the gp120 V3 region has been characterized. The heteroconjugate antibody could completely inhibit viral replication of both the IIIB and MN isolates of human immunod
Lemp GF; Hirozawa AM; Cohen JB; Derish PA; McKinney KC; Hernandez SR; AIDS Office, San Francisco Department of Public Health, CA 94102.
To compare trends in the length of survival for women and men after diagnosis of AIDS, data were analyzed for 139 women and 7045 men who were reported with AIDS in San Francisco between July 1981 and 31 December 1990. Patients were followed prospectively through 15 May 1991. The median survival for women (11.1 months)
Plourde PJ; Plummer FA; Pepin J; Agoki E; Moss G; Ombette J; Ronald AR; Cheang M; D'Costa L; Ndinya-Achola JO; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among women attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Nairobi, kenya, to determine the prevalence of and associated risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection. HIV-1 antibody was detected in 13.8% of 600 women. This virus was found most frequent
Jurriaans S; de Ronde A; Dekker J; Goudsmit J; Cornelissen M; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University; of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Circularized DNA species containing two long terminal repeat circle junctions were analysed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals. The circle junction fragments found could be classified into four groups: fragments containing a normal circle junction,
Ali A; Rudge P; Dalgleish AG; Retrovirus Research Laboratory, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow,; UK.
The concentration of neopterin was measured in serum samples taken from individuals infected with HTLV-I: 5 from asymptomatic individuals, 1 from a patient with adult T-cell leukaemia and 30 from patients with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). In addition, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was available from 22 of the TSP p
Tinkle MB; Alvarez Amaya M; Tamayo OW; University of Texas, College of Nursing and Allied Health, El; Paso 79902.
Women constitute the fastest growing component of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. The majority of women with HIV disease are of reproductive age, and perinatally acquired HIV infection has increased proportionately. The nurse needs knowledge about the unique interactions between HIV infection and preg
Acosta YM; Goodwin C; Alvarez Amaya M; Tinkle MB; Acosta E; Jaquez I; UTEP College of Nursing and Allied Health 79902.
The spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease among childbearing women presents a unique nursing challenge in the delivery of specialized antepartum and intrapartum care. The nurse must be competent in the delivery of psychosocial and physical care to these women, as well as assume a pivotal role as a membe
Smith DK; Dept of Public Health Policy and Administration, School of Public; Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Using death certificate data for 1987 and 1988 from the National Center for Health Statistics, combined with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) surveillance data through December 1990 from the Centers for Disease Control, this article reports ranked mortality causes as a m
Klin Med (Mosk). 1992 Jan;70(1):19-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92300963
Rytik PG; Khmara ME; Protas II; Nedz'ved' MK
The paper is concerned with clinicomorphological characteristics of endemic, immune and epidemic (AIDS-associated) forms of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Recent experimental and clinical evidence suggests pathogenic contribution to KS of virus-induced depression of sex-linked genes and immunosuppression. Combined action of t
Med Clin (Barc). 1992 May 16;98(19):721-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92301115
Zunzunegui V; Casabona J; Laguna J; Tor J; Ortiz C; Alameda J; Gonzalez Lahoz J; Centro Universitario de Salud Publica, Madrid.
BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to estimate the rate of heterosexual transmission of HIV in a population of intravenous drug users (IVDU), as to well as to identify the possible risk factors associated. METHODS: One hundred thirty heterosexual couples were analyzed in which the male was seropositive for the hu
During 1991, state and territorial health departments reported 45,506 cases (17.9 per 100,000 population) of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to CDC. As in previous years, most cases (52.7%) were attributable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission among homosexual/bisexual men. The proportion of c
Fallani M; Monti M; Giordani R; Sarti G; Travisani D; Settore Tossicodipendenze, USL n. 36, Lugo, Ravenna.
Human immunodeficiency virus-HIV heterosexual transmission is going to become the main problem in controlling the spread of HIV; our experience confirms the increased risk when genital lesions are present. These data advise to attend gynaecologic control of female drug addicts, often affected by sexually transmitted d
Bottier D; Caroff B; Goldschmidt P; Mbopi Keou FX; Cotigny S; Matta FM; Longuet MF; Belec L; Service de Microbiologie, Hopital Broussais, Paris, France.
Among 770 Western blots for HIV-1 confirmation on sera from subjects at high risk for HIV infection, 4.3% (33 cases) were indeterminate. Isolated, stable, reproducible anti-gp 160 reactivity, highly suggestive of a nonspecific reaction, was found in 16% of cases. There were three other probably nonspecific patterns wi
Andiman WA; Silva TJ; Shapiro ED; O'Connor T; Olson B; Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, CT 06510.
Our objective was to examine the utility of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) antigen test as an early predictor of HIV-1 infection among children born to infected mothers and to collect information about its performance as a diagnostic test. The Abbott HIVAG-1 Enzyme Immunoassay was used to analyze serial seru
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jun 15;89(12):5286-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92302229
De Clercq E; Yamamoto N; Pauwels R; Baba M; Schols D; Nakashima H; Balzarini J; Debyser Z; Murrer BA; Schwartz D; et al; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
A series of bicyclams have been shown to be potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The compounds are inhibitory to the replication of various HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains in various human T-cell systems, including peripheral blood lymphocytes, at 0.14-1.4 microM, without being toxic to the h
Science. 1992 Jun 19;256(5064):1687-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92302834
Fultz PN; Nara P; Barre-Sinoussi F; Chaput A; Greenberg ML; Muchmore E; Kieny MP; Girard M; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
Because human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be transmitted as cell-free virus or as infected cells (cell-associated virus), vaccines must protect against infection by both viral forms. Vaccine-mediated protection of nonhuman primates against low doses of cell-free HIV-1, HIV-2, or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV
Am J Hematol. 1992 Jul;40(3):176-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92303534
Ragni MV; Miller BJ; Whalen R; Ptachcinski R; Department of Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, University of; Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania.
The use of ibuprofen (IBP) in hemophilic men for chronic hemophilic arthropathy is associated with transient coagulation abnormalities, but usually does not cause bleeding symptoms. However, when hemophilic men are treated with ibuprofen while also receiving zidovudine (ZDV), excess bleeding has occurred in some. In o
Am J Hematol. 1992 Jul;40(3):207-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92303538
Leissinger CA; Andes WA; Section of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tulane University School; of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.
Immunopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) can be a life-threatening complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in patients with hemophilia and can seriously compromise quality of life if not managed effectively. We report here complete response to splenectomy in four severe hemophiliacs with HIV-as
Am J Hematol. 1992 Jul;40(3):210-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92303539
Goldsmith JC; Kasper CK; Blatt PM; Gomperts ED; Kessler CM; Thompson AR; Herring SW; Novak PL; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
The use of plasma-derived coagulation factor concentrates has been marked by the transmission of viral agents. Infusions of factor IX complex concentrates have been additionally complicated by inappropriate thrombosis. Use of these concentrates in the neonate, in those with liver disease, and in surgical patients resu
Am J Otol. 1992 May;13(3):207-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92303650
Chandrasekhar SS; Siverls V; Sekhar HK; New York University Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology,; New York 10016.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a devastating disease that is affecting the human population in epidemic numbers. Patients with AIDS are known to have a significant incidence of otologic disease, including hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus, otalgia, and infection with unusual pathogens. There has been no pr
Am J Psychiatry. 1992 Jul;149(7):886-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92303668
Kelly JA; Murphy DA; Bahr GR; Brasfield TL; Davis DR; Hauth AC; Morgan MG; Stevenson LY; Eilers MK; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Sciences, Medical; College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
OBJECTIVE: There is growing concern that chronic mentally ill adults living in the community have a high risk for HIV infection. The purpose of this study was to identify risk knowledge, high-risk behaviors, and risk-related encounters of chronic psychiatric outpatients. METHOD: Detailed information on high-risk behav
Am J Public Health. 1992 Jul;82(7):1029-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92303713
Siska M; Jason J; Murdoch P; Yang WS; Donovan RJ; NAIEP, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The efficacy of two public service announcements from Phase V of the America Responds to AIDS (ARTA) campaign was assessed at two sites. Participants were randomly assigned to view a local news program, one with an ARTA public service announcement appearing six times and the other with no AIDS public service announcem
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1992 Feb;58(2):747-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92304085
Lytle CD; Tondreau SC; Truscott W; Budacz AP; Kuester RK; Venegas L; Schmukler RE; Cyr WH; Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological; Health, Rockville, Maryland.
Filters with well-defined holes were used to determine the effective diameters in buffer of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 1, and four bacteriophages (phi X174, T7, PRD1, and phi 6), which may serve as surrogate viruses for testing barrier materials. Bacteriophages phi 6 and PRD1 most c
Francois B; Nordmann P; Barois A; Service de Reanimation Pediatrique, Hopital Raymond-Poincare,; Garches.
The authors report a case of whooping cough revealed by a pneumothorax in a 4 year-old boy with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Systemic signs of whooping cough were present. Bordetella parapertussis was isolated. Worsening of the HIV infection occurred simultaneously.
Arch Sex Behav. 1992 Jun;21(3):253-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92304196
Traeen B; Lewin B; AIDS-information Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo,; Norway.
The issue of casual sex and amount of sexual experience was studied using data from a representative sample of 2997 Norwegians, 17-19 years old. Data were collected by anonymous self-administered questionnaires, and the response rate was 62.8%. Results showed that among adolescents, experience of casual sex to a large
Arch Sex Behav. 1992 Jun;21(3):271-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92304197
Breakwell GM; Fife-Schaw C; Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford,; England.
Data are reported on the sexual behavior of a random sample of 2171 youth, 16-20 years old, in two locations in the U.K. Lower bound prevalence estimates for a range of specific sex acts are presented with discussion of the likely biases in the data. Given concerns about the spread of HIV through the heterosexual popu
Arch Sex Behav. 1992 Jun;21(3):295-312. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92304198
Sneddon I; Kremer J; School of Psychology, Queen's University of Belfast, Northern; Ireland.
Two surveys of a Northern Ireland student sample were conducted in 1987 and 1988. A total of 419 female and 201 male subjects completed self-administered anonymous questionnaires concerning their behavior, knowledge, and attitudes t
Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Jun 9;43(11):2479-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92304375
Weaver JL; Pine PS; Dutschman G; Cheng YC; Lee KH; Aszalos A; Division of Research and Testing, Food and Drug Administration,; Washington, DC 20204.
Several tannins with anti-HIV activity have been described previously (Nonaka et al., J Nat Prod 53: 587-595, 1990). We have shown that the tannins chebulinic acid and punicalin were able to block the binding of HIV rgp120 to CD4. These compounds were not toxic to stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes at conce
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk-reduction programs have been developed to discourage homosexual/bisexual men (i.e., men who have sex with men) from engaging in anal and oral sexual intercourse with partners who are infected with HIV or whose infection status is unknown (1). The consistent and proper use of lat
Macatonia SE; Gompels M; Pinching AJ; Patterson S; Knight SC; Division of Immunological Medicine, Clinical Research Centre,; Harrow, London, U.K.
Dendritic cells (DC) have a potent antigen-presenting capacity for recruiting resting T cells into immune responses. They also promote expansion of already activated memory T cells. By contrast, macrophages (M phi) are only effective in stimulating memory responses. Infection and depletion of DC occur in human immunod
Sykora J; Zastera M; Stankova M; Vanista J; Statni zdravotni ustav, Praha.
Oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp. were detected in the faeces of 65 subjects with the HIV virus, using the concentrating flotation method in a sugar solution and differential staining with methyl violet. In positive cases (a total of 16 subjects) continuous as well as intermittent excretion of oocysts in faeces was recor
Tomsikova A; Ustav pro mikrobiologii a imunologii LF KU, Plzen.
The author analyzes factors influencing the occurrence of mycoses in AIDS-patients with different stages of the disease. The clinical picture, the diagnosis and sources of common as well as uncommon mycoses accompanying AIDS are given in detail. Candidosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis and dermatomycosis complicate
Piette AM; Legoux B; Gepner P; Chapman A; Service de Medecine interne, Centre medico-chirurgical Foch,; Suresnes.
We report two cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAHT) in HIV infected patients who never were, or had ceased to be, drug addicts. A study of these cases and a review of the literature show that this association is not fortuitous and persists after the classical causes of PAHT (pulmonary embolism, toxic factors
Gorse GJ; Belshe RB; Newman FK; Frey SE; Department of Internal Medicine, St Louis University School of; Medicine, MO 63104.
Following immunization of healthy adult volunteers with baculovirus-derived HIV-1 gp160 vaccine (rgp160), we measured lymphocyte proliferation to rgp160, the V3 loop peptide of gp160, control proteins, and phytohaemagglutinin. Four persons received injections of 40 micrograms or 80 micrograms of rgp160 vaccine at time
Wood GM; McCormack JG; Muir DB; Ellis DH; Ridley MF; Pritchard R; Harrison M; University of Queensland Department of Medicine, Mater; Misericordiae Hospital, South Brisbane, Australia.
We report on 17 Australian cases of human infection or colonization with Scedosporium inflatum. The spectrum of clinical manifestations was similar to that in infection caused by Scedosporium apiospermum. The patients were classified into three groups. Four immunocompetent patients who presented with localized infecti
Luster MI; Portier C; Pait DG; White KL Jr; Gennings C; Munson AE; Rosenthal GJ; Systems Toxicity Branch, National Institute of Environmental; Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; 27709.
We have previously reported on the design and content of a screening battery involving a tier approach for detecting potential immunotoxic compounds in mice (Luster et al., 1988, Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 10, 2-19). This battery has now been utilized to examine a variety of compounds by the NIEHS Immunotoxicology Laborat
J Immunol. 1992 Jun 15;148(12):4012-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92291526
Tripathy SP; Kumar A; Manivel V; Panda SK; Rao KV; AIDS Unit, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.
A chimeric peptide that included sequences from gp120 and gp41 of HIV type 1 was synthesized. Cleavage from solid support yielded a composite of self-oligomerized products with molecular masses ranging from 5 to about 9 kDa. The oligomer but not its reduced, monomeric form was recognized by human anti-HIV sera and at
Jacobson MA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
The primary dose-limiting adverse effects associated with foscarnet treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS are renal impairment and ionized hypocalcemia. Dose-limiting renal impairment, consisting of significant alterations in serum creatinine levels or creati
Niki M; Ohtani K; Nakamura M; Sugamura K; Department of Microbiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine,; Sendai, Japan.
We examined the regulatory mechanisms of binding and transcriptional enhancement of the 21-bp core element of the enhancer of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in response to forskolin, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and a viral transactivator, p40tax. The 21-bp core element has been shown to bi
Miyazawa M; Nishio J; Chesebro B; Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories,; Hamilton, Montana 59840.
High sequence variability in the envelope gene of human immunodeficiency virus has provoked interest in nonenvelope antigens as potential immunogens against retrovirus infection. However, the role of core protein antigens encoded by the gag gene in protective immunity against retroviruses is unclear. By using recombin
Lane HC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
In summary, patients with HIV infection have a variety of immunologic defects. The hallmark defect is a decrease in the number and function of helper-inducer or CD4 T lymphocytes. A decrease in CD4 count to less than 200 is associated with the development of opportunistic infections. The earliest functional defect is
Hamilton JN; Thompson SH; Scheidt MJ; McQuade MJ; Van Dyke T; Plowman K; U.S. Army Dentac, Fort Gordon, Ga.
The correlation between subclinical candidal colonization of the dorsal tongue surface and the Walter Reed staging scheme for patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) antibody is reported. Of 76 cytologic smears of the dorsal tongue surface, 12 (16.2%) demonstrated subclinical colonization. The mean
Am J Med Sci. 1992 Jun;303(6):402-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296118
Culpepper RM; Carr ME Jr; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Virginia,; Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.
Investigation of repetitive thrombotic episodes in an HIV-positive patient on maintenance hemodialysis revealed extraordinarily high levels of total (free plus protein bound) protein S antigen but severe reductions in free (interactive) protein S antigen. Patients with the nephrotic syndrome or chronic renal failure h
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1992;143(1):57-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296469
Pulik M; Lebret-Lerolle D; Unite d'Hematologie-SIDA, Centre Hospitalier d'Argenteuil.
A prospective study of protein S was carried out in 17 consecutive HIV-infected patients. One subject was excluded because of severe chronic liver disease. Of the 16 evaluable patients (10 men, 6 women), 3 had AIDS, 7 ARC, 4 lymphadenopathy and 2 were asymptomatic. Total protein S and C4bBP (bound protein) were normal
Cefai D; Ferrer M; Serpente N; Idziorek T; Dautry-Varsat A; Debre P; Bismuth G; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, CNRS URA 625,; CERVI, Paris, France.
We previously demonstrated that long term treatment of the Ag-specific CD4+ T cell clone P28D with soluble HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 results in a marked impairment of CD3/TCR-mediated responses. In this report, to further understand these inhibitory effects, the binding properties and internalization of gp120 ha
Mabondzo A; Aussage P; Bartholeyns J; Le Naour R; Raoul H; Romet-Lemonne JL; Dormont D; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Experimentale et Neurovirologie,; Service de Sante des Armees, Commissariat a l'Energie; Atomique, Fontenay aux Roses, France.
Human monocyte-derived macrophages that express the CD4 molecule and the Fc receptor for IgG (Fc gamma R) play a major role in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To explore this possibility further, human monoclonal antibody to glycoprotein 41 (gp41) was produced, and a heterobifunctiona
Presse Med. 1992 May 16;21(18):847-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92302209
Salmon-Ceron D; Detruchis P; Jaccard A; Leport C; Karam-Sarkis D; Rosenbaum W; Meyohas MC; Coulaud JP; Vilde JL; Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hopital; Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris.
Between 1982 and 1989, a retrospective study on non typhi Salmonella bacteremias was performed among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus hospitalized in 4 departments of Infectious and Tropical Diseases in Paris. The population included 59 men and 9 women; 26.4 percent had been contamined with HIV by h
Recent findings on the translocation of intact fibroblast growth factor (FGF) into the cell nucleus suggest that it functions directly in nuclear events. We examined the effect of human basic FGF (bFGF) on gene transcription in a cell-free system. When mouse genes encoding phosphoglycerate kinases 1 and 2 (Pgk-1 and P
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jun 15;89(12):5403-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92302251
Aoyama N; Nagase T; Sawazaki T; Mizuguchi G; Nakagoshi H; Fujisawa JI; Yoshida M; Ishii S; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Tsukuba Life Science Center,; RIKEN, Ibaraki, Japan.
The wild-type p53 protein suppresses transformation, but certain missense mutants of p53 can transform cells. Although the wild-type p53 protein contains a transcriptional activation domain, no p53-responsive element has been identified. Here, we identified the p53-responsive element within the Tax-responsive element
Med J Aust. 1992 Jun 15;156(12):878-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92293030
Nicholson SR; Efandis T; Dimitrakakis M; Karopoulos A; Lee H; Gust ID; Fairfield Hospital, Vic.
The prevalence of infection with human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in 19,975 blood samples from Australia and the western Pacific was determined by measuring the presence of specific antibody (anti-HTLV-I) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with confirmation b
Lupatkin H; Brau N; Flomenberg P; Simberkoff MS; Medical Service, New York Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New; York 10010.
Five cases of large tuberculous abscesses in patients with AIDS were observed over a 2-year period at the New York Veterans Affairs Medical Center. These cases represent 11.6% of the 43 cases of tuberculosis diagnosed in patients with AIDS during that period. The abscesses were located in the liver, abdominal wall, ps
Nuwer MR; Miller EN; Visscher BR; Niedermeyer E; Packwood JW; Carlson LG; Satz P; Jankel W; McArthur JC; Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024-6987.
We conducted EEG testing in 200 asymptomatic homosexual men, half of whom were HIV seropositive. We chose to include half of the subjects because they were rated as impaired on a neuropsychological screening test. We used both traditional visual EEG interpretation and quantitative EEG analysis. Abnormal EEGs and borde
Chen KT; Department of Pathology, Saint Agnes Medical Center, Fresno,; California 93720.
Two cases of spindle cell pseudotumor in the lymph nodes of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome caused by mycobacterial infection are reported and the literature reviewed. The lesions mimicked neoplasms because they were composed predominantly of spindle cells arranged in a storiform pattern. Most of the
Vineis P; D'Amore F; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Turin,; Italy.
Excesses of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma have been observed among farmers exposed to phenoxyacetic acid herbicides and, less persuasively, among workers exposed to insecticides. Exposure to organic solvents (particularly chlorinated hydrocarbons) has also been associated with an increase
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1992 Apr;30(1):71-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92274827
Ross MW; Darke S; National Centre in HIV Social Research, University of New South; Wales, Australia.
Attitudes toward injecting drug users were assessed using a 53-item questionnaire which was administered to 143 workers at a drug and alcohol research unit and an AIDS treatment facility. Factor analysis revealed three interpretable dimensions: intravenous drug use as a matter of both public concern and personal inade
Gilger MA; Matson DO; Conner ME; Rosenblatt HM; Finegold MJ; Estes MK; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; Texas.
Some rotavirus strains, including vaccine candidates, have been demonstrated to cause hepatitis in immunodeficient and malnourished mice and to grow in human liver cells. To determine whether rotavirus spreads outside the intestine in naturally infected children, we examined tissues from four immunodeficient children
Glaser JH; Schuval S; Burstein O; Bye MR; Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.
To ascertain the effect of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection on the course of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), we reviewed the charts of all children with AIDS who
The human T-lymphotropic retroviruses HTLV-I and HIV-1/-2 share a complementary patchwork homology in which the RRE regions of HIV-1 and -2 cover 78.1% of a 169 nucleotide (nt) region (PX1,2) positioned precisely between open reading frames PX I and PX II of ATLV (HTLV-I). The sequence character of the PX1,2 region is
Tagawa S; Mizuki M; Onoi U; Nakamura Y; Nozima J; Yoshida H; Kondo K; Mukai T; Yamanishi K; Kitani T; Department of Clinical Research, Osaka University, Japan.
A patient with CD3+ large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia developed transformation (TF). The phenotype of the leukemic cells was CD3+, CD4+ and CD8-. The leukemic cell count increased rapidly; the cells became large and the nuclear outline, which had been reniform, became lobulated. Anti-HTLV-1 and anti-HIV antibo
Vet Rec. 1992 Apr 4;130(14):293-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92280090
Callanan JJ; McCandlish IA; O'Neil B; Lawrence CE; Rigby M; Pacitti AM; Jarrett O; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Glasgow,; Bearsden.
A cat experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) but known to be free of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) developed lymphosarcoma. The lesions in the liver and kidneys were present nine months after infection, when the cat was 21 months old. The cat had no overt signs of immunodeficiency and it is s
It realize a overall and evolutionarily (6 months periods) study concerning the 1,313 drug dependents that were admitted to the Detoxication Unit of the Hospital Psiquiatrico de Madrid, since October 1985 to March 1990. The sociodemographic, drug dependence history, the Physical and toxicological state at admittance,
The epidemiological features of Hodgkin s disease (HD) suggest that it is a heterogeneous condition which may have different aetiologies in different age groups. The risk factors for the development of HD in young adults suggest that delayed exposure to a common infectious agent may be involved in this age group. Sero
Naher H; Hartmann M; Helfrich S; Petzoldt D; Universitats-Hautklinik Heidelberg.
We present an HIV-infected patient with lymphadenopathy syndrome in whom an unusually aggressive case of Hodgkin s disease developed. Examination of tissue excised from the lymphoma and of epithelial cells scraped from the tongue of the patient revealed Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The relationship between an enhanced re
Bamborschke S; Wullen T; Huber M; Neveling M; Baldamus CA; Korn K; Jahn G; Klinik und Poliklinik fur Neurologie und Psychiatrie der; Universitat-Neurologie, Koln, Federal Republic of Germany.
We report the case of a 40-year-old male HIV-negative renal transplant patient with allograft rejection and immunosuppressive therapy who presented with acute cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) encephalitis. CT and MRI of the brain were n
J Med Chem. 1992 May 29;35(11):1996-2001. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92284472
Kerr SG; Kalman TI; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, State University of New York,; Buffalo 14260.
The synthesis of a novel series of lipophilic prodrug derivatives of the anti-HIV drugs 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine ( ddC , 1) and 3 -fluoro-ddC (2), involving N4-substitution with (N,N-dialkylamino)methylene side chains, is described. The increase in the par
Acta Vet Scand. 1992;33(1):9-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92286223
Sukura A; Salminen T; Lindberg LA; Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Helsinki,; Finland.
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was first isolated and identified in 1986. Since then it has been shown to have a worldwide distribution, and the infection generally appears to have reached a state of endemicity. This is the 1st study of FIV-prevalence in
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1992 May 4;651:422-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92286588
Astrin SM; Laurence J; Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111.
We have established a line of malignantly transformed human B cells by infecting purified primary B lymphocytes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). This line, termed B-HIV1, may serve as a model system for a subset of AIDS-related B-cell lymphomas in which the transformed phenotype may be initiated and/o
Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 May 28;43(10):2059-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287150
Cammack N; Rouse P; Marr CL; Reid PJ; Boehme RE; Coates JA; Penn CR; Cameron JM; Virology Department, Glaxo Group Research Ltd, Greenford, U.K.
The metabolism of (-) enantiomeric 2 -deoxy-3 -thiacytidine ( 3TC ) was examined in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected and mock-infected human cells. 3TC 5 -triphosphate levels accumulated comparably in HIV-1-infected and mock-infected
A monoclonal antibody-based antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and employed to detect p24 capsid antigen from human T-cell lymphotropic viruses type I and II (HTLV-I, HTLV-II), simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I)-infected cell lines, and from mononuclear cell coculture
Peters M; Timm U; Schurmann D; Pohle HD; Ruf B; II. Medizinische Klinik, Universitatsklinikum Rudolf Virchow,; Freie Universitat Berlin.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) causes life-threatening disseminated infections and in particular vision-threatening infections of the retina in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ganciclovir currently represents the most frequently used therapy for CMV
FEBS Lett. 1992 May 18;302(3):209-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92289998
Moguilevsky N; Steens M; Thiriart C; Prieels JP; Thiry L; Bollen A; Applied Genetics, University of Brussels, Nivelles, Belgium.
Human recombinant myeloperoxidase was evaluated in a cell-free system for its inactivation properties on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus, HTLV-IIIB. In the presence of a hydrogen peroxide generating system (glucose and glucose oxidase) and sodium thiocyanate, the recombinant enzyme inhibited virus-indu
Int J Cancer. 1992 Jun 19;51(4):515-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92290617
ter Meulen J; Eberhardt HC; Luande J; Mgaya HN; Chang-Claude J; Mtiro H; Mhina M; Kashaija P; Ockert S; Yu X; et al; Angewandte Tumorvirologie, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.
The presence of HPV-DNA was determined in tumor biopsies of cervical-cancer patients and in cervical swabs of non-cancer patients from Tanzania , East Africa, by Southern blot hybridization and/or PCR. HPV types 16 and 18 were detected in 38% and 32%, respectively, of 50 cervical-
Int J Cancer. 1992 Jun 19;51(4):562-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92290624
Ott G; Ott MM; Feller AC; Seidl S; Muller-Hermelink HK; Institute of Pathology, University of Wurzburg, Germany.
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been classically associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt s lymphoma, a monoclonal B-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphoma . Since the EBV genome has also been found in post-transplant lymphomas and lymphomas arising in individuals infected with th
Int J Addict. 1992 May;27(5):571-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92290654
Wells DV; Jackson JF; Division of AIDS Prevention and Control, New Jersey State; Department of Health, Trenton 08625.
Intravenous drug use is the single largest exposure category among women with AIDS in the United States (51%). Tragically, there may be insufficient appreciation of the issues unique to IV drug usage among women. Few drug treatment programs are specifically designed for women, and fewe
Int J Addict. 1992 May;27(5):587-611. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92290655
Capone CT; Melchionda R; DeRovira N; Katowsky K; Condren R; Peterson M; Nassau County Department of Drug and Alcohol Addiction, East; Meadow, New York 11554.
Counselors of HIV-afflicted substance abusers not only must apply counseling strategies directed toward curbing drug use, but also are called upon to assess suicide risk, attend to the promotion of social support, treat adverse affective reactions, and respond to spiritual and existential concerns. The present study a
Klebanoff SJ; Coombs RW; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Myeloperoxidase (MPO), H2O2, and chloride form an antimicrobial system in neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) effective against a variety of microorganisms. Normal human PMN, when stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or opsonized zymosan, are viricidal to HIV-1. The viricidal effect was lost when chlo
Katlama C; Dohin E; Caumes E; Cochereau-Massin I; Brancon C; Robinet M; Rogeaux O; Dahan R; Gentilini M; Departement de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital de; la Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
We have evaluated the effects of induction therapy with foscarnet 100 mg/kg b.i.d. via i.v. infusion in 60 AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis and compared the findings with those in 37 such patients receiving
Blanshard C; Kobler Centre, St. Stephen's Clinic, London, England.
Gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease occurs in a significant proportion of patients with AIDS. A series of 66 AIDS patients with first-episode gastrointestinal CMV disease diagnosed on the basis of clinical and hist
Polis MA; AIDS Intramural Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Induction regimens of foscarnet and ganciclovir are highly effective in arresting cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis in patients with AIDS. Chronic maintenance therapy is nonetheless required to forestall progression of disease
Fuller GN; Department of Neurology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, England.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) has been associated with a spectrum of peripheral nerve syndromes in patients with AIDS. Lumbosacral polyradiculopathy, a rapidly progressive syndrome occurring in about 1% of AIDS patients, is characterized by low back pain, sphincter dist
Balfour HH Jr; Drew WL; Hardy WD; Heinemann MH; Polsky B; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota Health; Sciences Center, Minneapolis.
Foscarnet and ganciclovir appear to be of similar effectiveness in halting active infection when given as induction therapy and in forestalling progression of disease when given as maintenance therapy in persons with AIDS who have cytomegalovirus (
Adler-Storthz K; Ficarra G; Woods KV; Gaglioti D; DiPietro M; Shillitoe EJ; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Dental Branch,; Houston 77225.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in the genesis of oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL). Initially, OHL was also associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) as evidenced by staining with antiserum to papillomavirus common structural antigens and reports of two HPV-positive OHL as detected by in situ DNA hybridizati
J Med Primatol. 1992 Jan;21(1):1-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92292128
Lowenstine LJ; Lerche NW; Yee JL; Uyeda A; Jennings MB; Munn RJ; McClure HM; Anderson DC; Fultz PN; Gardner MB; Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine,; University of California, Davis 95616.
A retrospective study determined that an epizootic of immune suppression and lymphoma in stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides) that began in 1976 was associated with a horizontally spread lentivirus infection. This conclusion was based on serology, epidemiology, pathology, and virus isolation. The lesions found in
Dandekar S; Beebe AM; Barlough J; Phillips T; Elder J; Torten M; Pedersen N; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University; of California, Davis 95616.
A study was undertaken to determine the rate of viral transmission among naive specific-pathogen-free (SPF) cats living in close contact with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cats. Twenty SPF cats were housed in the same rooms with experimentally FIV-infected seropositive and virus culture-positive cats fo
Yoshimoto T; Yoshimoto E; Meruelo D; Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New; York 10016.
The receptor for gp70 envelope glycoprotein of murine ecotropic leukemia virus is essential for virus entry into the host cell and has been recently demonstrated to function as a cationic amino acid transporter. In the experiments reported herein, we compared the gene expression of the murine ecotropic retroviral rece
Hagemeier C; Walker S; Caswell R; Kouzarides T; Sinclair J; Wellcome/CRC Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
We have asked how the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early 1 (IE1) and 2 (IE2) proteins act to transactivate heterologous cellular and viral promoters. Here we show that transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat and the 70,000-molecular-weight
Jorgensen EC; Pedersen FS; Jorgensen P; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
Type C retroviruses assemble at the plasma membrane of the infected cell. Attachment of myristic acid to the N terminus of the Gag precursor polyprotein has been shown to be essential for membrane localization and virus morphogenesis. Here, we report that the matrix (MA) protein contains regions that in conjunction wi
Pifat DY; Ennis WH; Ward JM; Oberste MS; Gonda MA; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Structure, Program Resources,; Inc./DynCorp, Frederick, Maryland.
Chronic infection of rabbits was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV)-infected cells. Ten BIV-infected animals were monitored serologically for up to 2 years. Results of serologic and virus rescue assays indicated that all animals became infected and demonstrated a
Roncella S; Di Celle PF; Cutrona G; Carbone A; Sessarego M; Dodi F; Foa R; Rowe M; Ferrarini M; Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, IST, Genova, Italy.
Epstein-Barr-virus- (EBV-) positive lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) spontaneously arising in vitro were obtained from the peripheral blood of six HIV-seropositive patients and from the peripheral blood and the bone marrow of one patient (LAM) with AIDS and lymphoma. The LCLs from HIV-seropositive patients had phenoty
Jarrett O; University of Glasgow, Department of Veterinary Pathology,; Bearsden, Scotland.
Many of the serious diseases resulting from feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection are associated with the generation of novel variant viruses. The prototype FeLV-A virus is highly stable and circulates in the cat population without apparent antigenic change. However, recombination with cellular oncogenes produces vir
Schatzl H; Yakovleva L; Lapin B; Rose D; Inzhiia L; Gaedigk-Nitschko K; Deinhardt F; von der Helm K; Max von Pettenkofer Institute, University of Munich, FRG.
The high lymphoma-prone baboon stock (Papio hamadryas) of the Sukhumi Primate Center colony is characterized by a high prevalence of antibodies to the STLV-I/HTLV-I type of retrovirus and a high manifestation of human ATL-type (adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma) malignancies (Yakovleva et al., this symposium). This is in
De Rossi A; Calabro ML; D'Andrea E; Panozzo M; Saggiori D; Mammano F; Roncella S; Ferrarini M; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, University of Padova, Italy.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects CD4+ T lymphocytes and various other cell types, including B cells. Since HIV-1 seropositive individuals have high numbers of B cells carrying Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), and are at high risk for development of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases, we studied th
Torelli G; Marasca R; Montorsi M; Luppi M; Barozzi P; Ceccherini L; Batoni G; Bendinelli M; Muyombano A; Center for Experimental Hematology, University of Modena, Italy.
Public Health. 1992 May;106(3):209-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92294359
Gillam S; Dubois-Arber F; Stirzacker L; Croft A; Das Gupta N; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
An evaluation of the St Mary s Drug Dependency Unit is described. Unit staff were interviewed and a retrospective analysis of 156 records was performed. The advent of HIV infection has led to an emphasis on public health priorities in the treatment of drug misuse. However, DDU staff retain a highly individualistic app
Bedgood RM; Snider LD; Stallcup MR; Department of Pathology, University of Southern California Health; Sciences Center, Los Angeles 90033.
Expression of a mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) envelope gene, ENV2, in COS-7 cells resulted in the synthesis of a precursor protein Pr74 that underwent complete proteolytic processing to the mature envelope species gp52 and gp33. In contrast, expression of a second MMTV envelope gene, ENV1, in COS-7 cells resulted i
A bacterial expression plasmid containing the central part of the gag gene of the human spumaretrovirus (HSRV) was constructed and expressed in E. coli. The expected protein product consisting of the complete region of the HSRV capsid antigen and part of the matrix protein was expressed in relatively large amounts. Po
Am J Pathol. 1992 Jun;140(6):1315-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296269
Hamilton-Dutoit SJ; Pallesen G; Laboratory of immunohistology, Aarhus University Hospital,; Denmark.
This study analyzes the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) arising in patients without pre-existing overt immunodeficiency. The authors examined 201 lymphomas (105 high-grade B-cell, 82 peripheral T-cell, 7 high-grade non-B-cell, non-T-cell, a
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1992;143(1):43-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296466
Matthiessen L; Marche C; Labrousse F; Trophilme D; Fontaine C; Vedrenne C; Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Groupe Hospitalier,; Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris.
Between 1982 and 1988, 174 brains were systematically collected from consecutive, autopsied AIDS patients in a Parisian general hospital without neurology and psychiatry departments. The data obtained under these conditions provide reliable information on the frequency of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in a
Furuya T; Hasegawa A; Miyazawa T; Miki K; Mikami T; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture,; University of Tokyo, Japan.
Using gag protein of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) expressed in Escherichia coli, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system was developed for detection of antibodies to FIV gag protein in cat sera. With serum samples from cats experimentally infected with several strains and an infectious molecular clo
As the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic continues, there are increasing numbers of patients with HIV-related disease. Those doctors studying for the MRCP exam will need to be familiar with the common manifestations of HIV infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Gulley ML; Raphael M; Lutz CT; Ross DW; Raab-Traub N; Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel; Hill.
BACKGROUND. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is maintained as an episome in most infected cells. The presence of fused terminal restriction enzyme fragments distinguishes the circular DNA form from the linear virion form. METHODS. EBV genomic structure was analyzed in 8 lymphoid cell lines and 21 human lymphoma specimens by t
Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1992 Jun;60(2):183-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92298322
Lavin MF; Le Poidevin P; Bates P; Queensland Cancer Fund Research Unit, Bancroft Centre, Brisbane,; Australia.
Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a multiform genetic disease characterized by immunodeficiency, cerebellar abnormalities, and cancer predisposition. Heterozygotes also have an increased risk of developing several different cancers. It has been estimated that as many as 18% of all patients with breast cancer, the cancer m
These recommendations have been developed in response to a congressional mandate and to public concern about transmission of HIV from health care workers to patients. Hepatitis B is also addressed in the recommendations. Both viruses are transmitted through blood-to-blood contact. The likelihood of transmission of HBV
Wilcox CM; Schwartz DA; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, GA 30303.
Duodenal disease resulting from cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection is unusual in the absence of other gastrointestinal disease. We report two cases of CMV infection symptomatically isolated to the duodenum. One patient presented
Birch CJ; Tyssen DP; Tachedjian G; Doherty R; Hayes K; Mijch A; Lucas CR; Virology Department, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical; Research, Fairfield Hospital, Australia.
Three AIDS patients with severe cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection refractory to therapy with acyclovir and foscarnet (2 patients) were treated with a topical preparation of trifluorothymidine (TFT) and interferon-alpha. Complete healing of lesions occurred in 1 pati
Quinlivan EB; Norris M; Bouldin TW; Suzuki K; Meeker R; Smith MS; Hall C; Kenney S; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel; Hill.
Immunocompromised patients, particularly those with AIDS, develop progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) due to central nervous system infection with JC virus (JCV). It is unknown whether JCV infection in the central nervous system can occur in the absence of PML symptoms. To address this question, autopsy s
Miyazawa T; Kawaguchi Y; Kohmoto M; Sakuragi J; Adachi A; Fukasawa M; Mikami T; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture,; University of Tokyo, Japan.
An infectious molecular clone of the TM1 strain of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was transfected into each of one feline (CRFK), two simian (COS and Vero) and two human (SW480 and HeLa) non-lymphoid cell lines, and virus production was assayed on feline T lymphoblastoid MYA-1 cells by monitoring reverse transcri
Wiley K; Zelewsky M; Lewis G; Neihoff School of Nursing, Loyola University, Chicago, IL; 60626-5385.
Developing and teaching a nonnursing elective on AIDS is both challenging and rewarding. We encourage nursing faculty elsewhere to teach an AIDS course for university students on their campus.
Bastin N; Tamayo OW; Tinkle MB; Alvarez Amaya M; Trejo LR; Herrera C; University of Texas, College of Nursing and Allied Health, El; Paso 79902.
For women with HIV infection, physical and psychosocial adaptation during the postpartum period is fraught with ambivalence. On the one hand, there is the joy of parenthood, but on the other, the burden of a chronic, terminal illness and the possibility of having an infected newborn. The nursing care of the HIV-positi
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jun 15;89(12):5582-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92302286
Chase MJ; Klebanoff SJ; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Human monocytes stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or opsonized zymosan in vitro were viricidal to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) as measured by the inability of the virus to replicate in CEM cells. Monocytes, when stimulated, release myeloperoxidase (MPO) and produce H2O2; MPO reacts with H2
In this investigation trichomonads were isolated from the oral cavity in 21 of 110 examined cats, and only from those which were simultaneously FeLV, FIV or FIP positive. By means of scanning electron microscopy the trichomonads were shown to be round or piriform parasites which were on average 7.9 microns long and 6.
Wakabayashi T; Oka S; Shimada K; Nakano I; Iwatsubo T; Mori S; Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
A case of disseminated Pneumocystis carinii (PC) infection in a 28-year-old Japanese male hemophiliac with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is reported. The patient had displayed a high fever and diffuse faint interstitial infiltrates on chest X-ray films without dyspnea three months before his death. At that
Nabeshima K; Sakaguchi E; Inoue S; Eizuru Y; Minamishima Y; Koono M; 2nd Department of Pathology, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan.
A patient with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma suffered a jejunal perforation, which we believe was directly attributable to cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection. In the areas of ulceration and perforation in the small bowel, blood
Ann Chir. 1992;46(4):335-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92303923
Johanet H; Saliou C; Marmuse JP; Benhamou G; Service de Chirurgie Generale et Digestive, Groupe Hospitalier; Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris.
From May 1st 1983 to March 1st 1991, 126 laparotomies were performed on 104 patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We report the operative indications, macroscopic findings, anatomopathologic and microbiological results, and hospital mortality in this population. In 12.5% of cases, infection by HIV w
Ann Pharmacother. 1992 May;26(5):660-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92273841
Shelton MJ; O'Donnell AM; Morse GD; Center for Clinical Pharmacy Research, State University of New; York, Buffalo.
OBJECTIVE: To review the chemistry, intracellular metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and clinical experience with didanosine (2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine [ddI]). DATA SOURCES: English-language articles and conference proceedings (indexing terms were didanosine, 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine, and ddI). STUDY SELECTION: Available Phase I st
Kerkau T; Gernert S; Kneitz C; Schimpl A; Institute of Virology and Immunobiology, University of Wurzburg,; Germany.
HIV infection of CD4+ peripheral blood lymphocytes leads to a loss of MHC class I molecules on the surface of the infected cells as detectable by monoclonal antibody staining and flow cytometry. Incubation of the infected cells at 26 degrees C or treatment at 37 degrees C with peptides leads to upregulation of MHC cla
We are beginning to understand the mechanism that envelope proteins of the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses use to gain entry into host cells. A vaccine that can elicit antibodies that bind to the viral epitopes involved in this process would thereby prevent HIV infection. This article outlines our progress i
In recent years many subtypes of CLL and some CML variants have been recognized throughout the world by means of careful clinical, epidemiological, immunological, molecular biological and viral studies. Most striking has been the establishment of a close association between certain immunophenotypical subtypes of CLL a
DiNubile MJ; Baxter JD; Mirsen TR; Division of Infectious Disease, Cooper Hospital/University; Medical Center, UMDNJ/Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden.
Coinfection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Treponema pallidum may predispose to accelerated neurosyphilis. The mechanism underlying this interaction is undefined, but usually presumed to result from HIV-induced suppression of cell-mediated immunity as reflected in the CD4 T-lymphocyte count. We report
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):429-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287627
Komurian-Pradel F; Pelloquin F; Sonoda S; Osame M; de The G; Epidemiology of Oncogenic Viruses, Pasteur Institute, Paris,; France.
It has been demonstrated that specific mutations, localized in the long terminal repeat (LTR) region of HTLV-I, allowed to propose the existence of three HTLV-I subtypes. Because some of these mutations created or suppressed the restriction sites for ApaI, NdeI, DraI, SacI, MaeIII, and MaeII enzymes, these endonucleas
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):479-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287633
Blay R; Hernandez D; Betts M; Clerici M; Lucey DR; Hendrix C; Hoffman T; Golding B; Division of Hematology, U.S. Food and Drug Administration,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Brucella abortus has been characterized as a T-independent type 1 antigen/carrier in human and murine antibody responses. In this report it is shown that BA can activate human CD3+ T cells to secrete interferon-gamma (IFN gamma). Unlike mitogens, such as phytohemagglutinin, this stimulation was associated with minimal
Kovacs JA; Masur H; Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Following the initial observation by Dr. Margaret Fischl that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole can prevent Pneumocystis carinii infection in patients with Kaposi s sarcoma, initiating prophylaxis for pneumocystic infection in all patients with less than 200 CD4+ cells/mm3 has become accepted practice. This prophylactic i
Cara A; Pecorara M; Cornaglia-Ferraris P; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, NC1, Bethesda, Maryland 20034.
1. The expression of the gene codifying for CD4, the most important human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) receptor molecule, was analyzed in 11 fetal brains at various gestational ages and in 9 human neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines. CD4 gene expression in fetal and malignant neural cells was then compared with tha
Dannatt AH; Goodwin SJ; Dasani H; Bowen DJ; Peake IR; Bloom AL; Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff,; UK.
A nested primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of pol gene sequences of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) was applied to whole blood of 31 haemophiliacs who were, or had been, positive for HIV p24 antibody (HIVAb) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and samples from 22 persistently HIVAb negative haemop
J Immunol. 1992 Jun 15;148(12):3789-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92291497
Liu AY; Miskovsky EP; Stanhope PE; Siliciano RF; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Candidate AIDS vaccines consisting of recombinant forms of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein induce, in seronegative human volunteers, an env-specific T cell response that includes CD4+, MHC class II-restricted CTL capable of lysing HIV-1-infected target cells. In this study, we have analyzed the production of the cytok
J Immunol. 1992 Jun 15;148(12):3991-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92291523
Hillman K; Qian J; Siegel JN; Roderiquez G; Blackburn R; Manischewitz J; Norcross M; Golding H; Division of Virology, Food and Drug Administration, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We have described the isolation of chemically induced CEM subclones that express CD4 receptors and bind soluble gp120, yet show a markedly reduced susceptibility to infection with HIV-1. Two subclones were found to have an abnormal response to the protein kinase C (PKC) activator PMA. PMA treatment induced CD3 and CD2
Marcuzzi A; Lowy I; Weinberger OK; Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia; University, New York, New York 10032.
Cells expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) tat can transactivate the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in cocultured T lymphocytes. In this report, we describe the molecular requirements for transcellular activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells. An analysis with deletion mutants and blocking antibodies
Grassmann R; Berchtold S; Radant I; Alt M; Fleckenstein B; Sodroski JG; Haseltine WA; Ramstedt U; Institut fur Klinische und Molekulare Virologie, Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) immortalizes human CD4+ T lymphocytes in culture. Previous studies show that in the context of a herpesvirus saimiri vector, the sequence of the X region at the 3 end of the HTLV-1 genome is also capable of immortalizing CD4+ lymphocytes in the absence of HTLV-1 structural
Lancet. 1992 Jun 13;339(8807):1436-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92292762
Lifson AR; Hessol NA; Buchbinder SP; O'Malley PM; Barnhart L; Segal M; Katz MH; Holmberg SD; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine,; University of California, San Francisco 94143-0560.
Identification of laboratory tests that can help predict progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is important for clinical management and counselling. We have assessed the usefulness of CD4 lymphocyte count, serum beta 2-microglobulin concentr
The authors make out a statement about HIV infection in French Polynesia at the date of 1991 December 31. 96 cases all together of seropositive and AIDS infected people were recorded. These patients are young generally (78 p.c. betw
Kanda T; Shinohara H; Suzuki T; Murata K; Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan.
The Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) is a widely used method for screening syphilis. We report our experience with six elderly (age 72.4 +/- 8.3 years) patients with syphilis, whose TPHA was negative. Their cardiolipin (RPR) and absorbed fluorescence treponemal tests (FTA-ABS) were positive. TPHA-negat
Pajeau AK; Roman GC; Neuroepidemiology Branch, National Institute of Neurological; Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
As of July 1991, 10 years after the onset of this modern pandemia, it is estimated that greater than 1 million persons worldwide have AIDS, 10 million people are HIV infected and by the end of the millenium, there will be 40 to 50 million persons infected. In the United States , 120,000
Stat Med. 1992 May;11(7):939-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92294572
Munoz A; Carey V; Taylor JM; Chmiel JS; Kingsley L; Van Raden M; Hoover DR; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public; Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
In natural history studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection a substantial proportion of participants are seropositive at time of enrollment in the study. These participants form a prevalent subcohort. Estimation of the unknown times since exposure to HIV-1 in the prevalent subcohort is of prima
Carr A; Tindall B; Brew BJ; Marriott DJ; Harkness JL; Penny R; Cooper DA; St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (trimethoprim, 160 mg plus sulfamethoxazole, 800 mg; one tablet twice daily, 2 days per week) as primary prophylaxis against toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and previous Pneumocystis ca
DNA Cell Biol. 1992 Jun;11(5):369-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92297163
Velpandi A; Nagashunmugam T; Otsuka T; Cartas M; Srinivasan A; Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
DNA sequence analyses of several human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolates revealed extensive genetic diversity in the env gene and, to a lesser extent, in other regions of the viral genome, including the long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences. Since the LTRs contain elements responsible for the control of transcripti
Cayota A; Vuillier F; Scott-Algara D; Feuillie V; Dighiero G; Unite d'Immunohematologie et d'Immunopathologie, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France.
Purified naive and memory CD4 T cells from healthy donors, HIV+ asymptomatic carriers and AIDS patients were examined for their proliferative activity and their pattern of cytokine secretion (IL-4, IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)) upon stimulation with phytohaemagglutini
Tyutyunikov A; Raikow RB; Kennerdell JS; Kazim M; Dalbow MH; Scalise D; Department of Ophthalmology, Allegheny General Hospital,; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Patients with dysthyroid orbitopathy (DO) were grouped according to a multifactorial assessment of disease severity and the rate of disease progression. Using this system and flow cytometric measurements of T cell subsets in the peripheral blood, a significant increase in the percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes correlated
Kanagawa O; Nussrallah BA; Wiebenga ME; Murphy KM; Morse HC 3d; Carbone FR; Department of Pathology, Washington University School of; Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
A B cell line, B6-1710, that expresses the defective virus known to induce murine AIDS stimulates a large fraction of nonprimed splenic T cells. Analysis of the T cell population responding to the B6-1710 for TCR V beta-chain usage revealed that, in addition to the previously reported V beta 5-chain-positive T cells,
Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Jun 9;43(11):2385-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92304364
Uryu T; Ikushima N; Katsuraya K; Shoji T; Takahashi N; Yoshida T; Kanno K; Murakami T; Nakashima H; Yamamoto N; Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Compounds with medium relative molecular masses active against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were synthesized. Sulfated alkyl oligosaccharides such as sulfated octadecyl maltohexaoside, sulfated dodecyl laminaripentaoside and sulfated dodecyl laminari-oligomer caused 50% inhibition of virus infection in the EC50
Taylor A; Brown DP; Kadam S; Maus M; Kohlbrenner WE; Weigl D; Turon MC; Katz L; Corporate Molecular Biology, Abbott Laboratories, IL 60064.
A 1.3-kb segment of Escherichia coli DNA containing the regulatory gene, araC, and the promoter of the araBAD operon was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into pUC18, resulting in plasmid pKB130 that produced the alpha fragment of beta-galactosidase upon addition of L-arabinose (L-ara). A syn
Chen K; Shi Q; Kashiwada Y; Zhang DC; Hu CQ; Jin JQ; Nozaki H; Kilkuskie RE; Tramontano E; Cheng YC; et al; Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of; North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
Salaspermic acid [1], an inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase and HIV replication in H9 lymphocyte cells, was isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii for the first time. The structure of 1 derived from spectral data was established unequivocally by an X-ray analysis of crystals of the monohydrate. A struct
Life Sci. 1992;50(25):1973-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92278147
Saksena NK; Dwyer DE; Muller M; Durand JP; Herve V; Lang MC; Barre-Sinoussi F; SUNY, HSC. Department of Medicine, Syracuse 13203.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used to amplify the large fragments from viral genomic DNA of SIV from wild caught, asymptomatic Erythrocebus monkeys from Western Africa ( Senegal ) and also from HIV-2 infected cell lines. By using consensus primer sequences from highly con
Alfurayh O; Sobh M; Buali A; Ali MA; Barri Y; Qunibi W; Taher S; Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and; Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Fifty-two patients on regular haemodialysis at our institution were evaluated for the presence of HCV infection. Evaluation included detailed history, clinical examination, and monthly screening for anti-HCV antibody, liver enzymes (ALT, AST), serum iron and ferritin. Also, three-monthly screening for other viral mark
A murine monoclonal antibody (called H-11) that binds to the p 24 core protein of HIV-1 was characterized by radioimmuno-precipitation, immunofluorescence, western blot assays, immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry. This antibody was found to be especially suited for demonstrating the presence of HIV-1 in forma
Protein Eng. 1992 Mar;5(2):139-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279197
Narasimhan LS; Maggiora GM; Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI 49001.
Development of a 3-D model of the reverse transcriptase from type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 RT), a key enzyme in the pathogenesis of the virus, presents a significant challenge. Three-dimensional structural information is not available for any close homolog, the only 3-D structural data being that of the K
Public Health Rep. 1992 May-Jun;107(3):323-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92279492
Schinke SP; Orlandi MA; Schilling RF; Parms C; Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY 10025.
Hispanic and African American adolescents are more likely than white Anglo youth to harbor misconceptions about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and are also more likely to engage in intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse. This paper describes the development of an AIDS prevention curriculum that uses an
Stammers DK; Ross CK; Idriss H; Lowe DM; Department of Molecular Sciences, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Beckenham, Kent, England.
Human-immunodeficiency-virus-type-1 reverse transcriptase exists in virions as a heterodimer of a M(r) 66,000 subunit and its C-terminally truncated form of M(r) 51,000, but, when expressed as a recombinant M(r) 66,000 protein, a mixture of heterodimers and homodimers results which co-purify by most conventional techn
Menendez-Arias L; Risco C; Oroszlan S; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer; Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center,; Maryland 21702-1201.
Cleavage of oligopeptide substrates mimicking the maturation sites in the Gag polyproteins of the mouse mammary tumor virus was assayed using lysed virus. Cleavage at the expected P1-P1 positions was detected in four of seven synthetic peptides. However, studies with specific inhibitors of retroviral proteases showed
Brun-Vezinet F; Ingrand D; Deforges L; Gochi K; Ferchal F; Schmitt MP; Jung M; Masquelier B; Aubert J; Buffet-Janvresse C; et al; Laboratories of Virology, Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris,; France.
In order to select and standardize a reliable assay for the analysis of sensitivity of HIV isolates to AZT , we have compared two culture methods. The first assay (Cell-Associated Isolate Sensitivity Assay: CAISA) quantified AZT-resistant HIV isolates
J Med Chem. 1992 May 29;35(11):1938-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92284466
Ma QF; Bathurst IC; Barr PJ; Kenyon GL; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,; San Francisco 94143.
Several novel imidotriphosphate analogues of thymidine have been synthesized and have been shown to be effective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT). When the alpha,beta-bridging oxygens of thymidine triphosphate (TTP) and 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine 5 -triphosphate (AZTTP) wer
Hulette CM; Downey BT; Burger PC; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
It can be difficult to differentiate the cells of infiltrating gliomas from macrophages associated with demyelinating lesions or cerebral infarcts, especially in tissue with freezing artifact or tissue that is technically suboptimal. We therefore sought to identify a reliable immunohistochemical marker for central ner
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1992 May 4;651:220-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92286562
Kehrl JH; Rieckmann P; Kozlow E; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are both secreted by in vivo-activated normal B cells and by in vivo-activated B cells from patients with polyclonal B-cell activation, including individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Furthermore, IL-6 and TNF-alpha are involv
We have characterized cells from an AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL). We found a malignant CD5+ B cell (approximately three-fourths of cells), with the balance of cells comprised of T cells having an activated phenotype. The lymphoma was unusual, in that all cells bear
Recent research has demonstrated that CD5+ B lymphocytes have an important role in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases. In a case of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), we observed the behavior of these cells and other subpopulations of T lymphocytes of peripheral blood before and after therapy with thymopentin (TP5).
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1992 May 4;651:572-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92286612
Ibegbu CC; Nahmias AJ; Spira TJ; Stoll BJ; Jones B; Symbas N; Nesheim S; Mendez H; Keyserling H; Lee FK; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, Georgia 30303.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 May 29;185(1):370-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287122
Tan GT; Miller JF; Kinghorn AD; Hughes SH; Pezzuto JM; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of; Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago.
One hundred and fifty six pure natural products, which had previously been tested against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, were evaluated for HIV-2 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity. Compounds that lacked effect in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase system were found also to be inactive against HIV-2 reverse transcri
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):451-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287630
McKeating JA; Moore JP; Ferguson M; Marsden HS; Graham S; Almond JW; Evans DJ; Weiss RA; Chester Beatty Laboratory, Institute of Cancer Research, London,; England.
We have raised antisera and monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the C4 region of HIV-1 gp120, using an antigen chimaera of poliovirus as immunogen. These MAbs and sera, together with MAbs to the same region raised by other methods, fall into three groups defined by their abilities to bind to recombinant gp120 and/or the i
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):461-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287631
Tilley SA; Honnen WJ; Racho ME; Chou TC; Pinter A; Public Health Research Institute, New York, NY 10016.
Two distinct regions or epitope clusters of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 have been shown to elicit neutralizing antibodies: the V3 loop and the CD4-binding site. We have isolated neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs) against conserved epitopes in both of these regions. In this study, w
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Apr;8(4):469-78. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92287632
Michel F; Hoffenbach A; Froussard P; Langlade-Demoyen P; Kaczorek M; Kieny MP; Plata F; Laboratoire d'Immunopathologie des Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.
Cellular immunogenicity of env gp160, nef p27, and gag p55 proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was studied in mice immunized with vaccinia virus recombinants. Proliferative responses of spleen cells were comparable against env gp160, nef p27, and gag p25 recombinant proteins. No specific activity w
Cenacchi G; Re MC; Preda P; Pasquinelli G; Furlini G; Apkarian RP; La Placa M; Martinelli GN; Istituto di Microscopia Elettronica Clinica, Universita di; Bologna, Italy.
In an attempt to better understand the role of endothelial cells during HIV-1 infection, we report a virological and ultrastructural study on isolated endothelial cells from human adipose tissue, infected by HIV-1 in vitro. Supernatants from cultures showed the presence of p24 antigen and reverse transcriptase activit
Debyser Z; Vandamme AM; Pauwels R; Baba M; Desmyter J; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
Recently, tetrahydroimidazo-[4,5,1-jk][1,4]-benzodiazepin-2(1H)-one and thione (TIBO) and 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT) compounds have been shown to be potent, selective, and specific inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in vitro. They interact with the rever
Balzarini J; Perez-Perez MJ; San-Felix A; Camarasa MJ; Bathurst IC; Barr PJ; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
[2 ,5 -Bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D-ribofuranosyl]-3 -s- piro- 5-(4-amino-1,2-oxathiole-2, 2-dioxide)thymine (TSAO-T) is a representative of a novel class of nucleoside analogues that are endowed with a potent and specific activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and are targeted at the HIV
Takeda A; Robinson JE; Ho DD; Debouck C; Haigwood NL; Ennis FA; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical; School, Worcester 01655.
There is increasing evidence that sera from HIV-1-infected individuals contain antibodies that enhance infection by HIV-1 in vitro. Previous work has demonstrated that complement receptors on T lymphoid cells and Fc receptors for IgG (Fc gamma R) on monocytic cells are required for enhanced infection by antibody-compl
J Immunol. 1992 Jun 15;148(12):3761-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92291493
Boue F; Wallon C; Goujard C; Barre-Sinoussi F; Galanaud P; Delfraissy JF; INSERM, U131 Hopital Antoine Beclere, Clamart, France.
In vitro, normal B cells can produce TNF-alpha and IL-6 when activated with a first signal, and cytokines and B lymphocytes from some HIV-infected individuals spontaneously secrete TNF-alpha and IL-6, although the direct involvement of HIV has not been fully explored. In this study, we examined the effects of HIV (pur
J Immunol. 1992 Jun 15;148(12):3970-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92291520
Greenstein JL; Schad VC; Goodwin WH; Brauer AB; Bollinger BK; Chin RD; Kuo MC; ImmuLogic Pharmaceutical Corporation, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Peptide-based vaccines that directly target T cell or B cell epitopes may have significant advantages over conventional vaccines. Further, synthetic chimeric peptides that combine strong T cell epitopes with poorly immunogenic, but immunodominant, B cell epitopes or strain-conserved B cell epitopes may be useful in el
Fu TB; Taylor J; Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111.
Luo and Taylor (J. Virol. 64:4321-4328, 1990) have previously shown that when, during RNA-directed DNA synthesis, a retroviral reverse transcriptase comes to a halt at the end of an RNA template, the associated RNase H produces a specific oligonucleotide that contains the 5 end of that template; in those studies the
Lancet. 1992 Jun 13;339(8807):1445-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92292765
Kouri YH; Basch RS; Karpatkin S
A subset of B lymphocytes positive for the CD5 antigen have been implicated in several autoimmune disorders. To investigate their role in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, we studied peripheral-blood B and T lymphocytes from HIV-1-positive patients with (n = 13) and without (n = 18) thrombocytopen
Med J Aust. 1992 Jun 15;156(12):869-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92293027
Stuart-Harris RC; Lauchlan R; Day R; Department of Medical Oncology and Palliative Care, Westmead; Hospital, NSW.
OBJECTIVES: To review the clinical information on the use of alpha, beta and gamma interferons and to classify the use of alpha interferons in Australia according to approved indications, indications for which there is good supporting evidence and indications where therapy is un
Robert-Hebmann V; Emiliani S; Jean F; Resnicoff M; Traincard F; Devaux C; CRBM du CNRS, Centre de tri des molecules anti-HIV, Montpellier,; France.
The antigenicity of HIV-gag p17 and p25 proteins was analyzed using a panel of 52 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) derived from 17 independent fusion experiment protocols performed in 12 different laboratories. These mAb were tested for their capacity to bind peptides corresponding to sequences of HIV1-BRU-gag p17 and p25.
Wolfs TF; Zwart G; Bakker M; Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genomic RNA variation was studied in seven presumed donor-recipient pairs directly following sexual (6/7) or parenteral (1/7) transmission. The first RNA-positive serum sample of each recipient and the serum sample of the virus transmitter, identified by epidemiological hist
Am J Pathol. 1992 Jun;140(6):1431-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92296280
Horvath CJ; Simon MA; Bergsagel DJ; Pauley DR; King NW; Garcea RL; Ringler DJ; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, MA 01772-9102.
Simian virus 40 (SV40) disease was diagnosed in four rhesus monkeys that died with SIV-induced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). One juvenile monkey seroconverted for SV40 6 months after inoculation with SIV and developed severe bilateral tubulointerstitial nephritis. In contrast, progressive multifocal leuko
Bass HZ; Nishanian P; Hardy WD; Mitsuyasu RT; Esmail E; Cumberland W; Fahey JL; Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Immunology and Disease; (CIRID), UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1747.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) induces extensive immune cell alterations which can be detected by changes both in serum levels of soluble immune activation products and in several lymphoid phenotypic markers. The current studies were conducted in 70 HIV-1 seropositive subjects to determine whether changes
Simon, Robert I., ed. Review of Clinical Psychiatry and the Law, Volume 2. Washington: American Psychiatric Press, 1991 :305-324. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/35351
Kogan, Barry S., ed. A Time to Be Born and a Time to Die: The Ethics of Choice. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine De Gruyter, 1991 :157-168. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/35563
Kogan, Barry S., ed. A Time to Be Born and a Time to Die: The Ethics of Choice. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine De Gruyter, 1991 :169-177. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/35564
The Louisiana Supreme Court reversed a lower court decision and found that the plaintiff, Joshua Most, a patient at the Tulane Medical Center, had a right to know the identity of the donor of a unit of HIV-infected blood which allegedly infected the plaintiff subsequent to a blood transfusion. The court found that the
Lustig, B. Andrew, et al., eds.; Center for Ethics, Medicine and Public Issues (Houston, TX). Bioethics Yearbook, Volume 1: Theological Developments in Bioethics, 1988-90. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 1991 :161-177. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/35233
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