[Washington, DC] : The League, c1989 1 videocassette (18 min., 16 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 guide Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9201258A
(Producer) This film focuses on children with HIV infection and the people who care for them. It points out the critical need for qualified foster parents to care for the many children with HIV/AIDS.
[Washington, DC] : The League, c1989 1 videocassette (18 min., 16 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 guide Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9201258A
(Producer) This film focuses on children with HIV infection and the people who care for them. It points out the critical need for qualified foster parents to care for the many children with HIV/AIDS.
San Francisco, Calif. (Fox Plaza, 1390 Market St., Suite 510, San Francisco 94102) : Visiting Nurses and Hospice of San Francisco, c1988 1 v. (loose-leaf) : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9213876
Tokyo ; New York : Japan Publications, Inc. ; New York : Distributors, U.S., Kodansha International/USA, Ltd. through Farrar, Strauss & Giroux, 1990 496 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9213571
Washington, D.C. : Center for International Research, U.S. Bureau of the Census, [1990] xi, 41 p. : ill (CIR staff paper ; no. 55) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9213449
Atlanta, Ga. : Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, Dept. of Health and Human Services, [1990] 49 leaves Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9214579
Pacific. Working Group on HIV Infection and Drug Abuse in the Western Pacific Region Pacific Manila : Printed and distributed by the Regional Office for the Western Pacificof the World Health Organization, [1991] 17 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9213428
Washington, D.C. (1025 Thomas Jefferson St., N.W., Suite 411W, Washington 20007) : The Institute, c1991 iii, 23 p. : ill., ports Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9212937
London ; New York : Chapman & Hall, 1993 xvi, 283 p. : ill (Molecular and cell biology of human diseases series ; 2) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9213678
Med Staff Couns. 1992 Summer;6(3):57-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AHA/92349974
Hirsh BD
While malpractice claims alleging lack of informed consent are proliferating, the courts are requiring more detailed information regarding the risks of proposed treatment. Increased use of consent forms and brochures designed to provide comprehensive, objective information for specific procedures could help physicians
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is correcting errors in the regulatory text of the final rule for Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens which appeared in the Federal Register on December 6, 1991 (56 FR 64004).
Hellinger FJ; Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, US Department of; Health and Human Services.
The 1991 average cost of treating an AIDS patient was $32,000 a year, including inpatient, outpatient, home care, and other services. The figures in this first comprehensive forecast of the cost of treating all people with HIV is relevant for the policymakers developing budgets for health services--and thus helping to
Banas GE; Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.
Articles and seminars about AIDS in the workplace are not adequate preparation for the genuine problems faced by actual managers in real organizations. There are no easy, win-win solutions to the impossible dilemmas AIDS presents, only various forms of damage control and, at best, more or less humane compromises. Gary
Haggberg MA; Carl T. Hayden VA Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ.
The AIDS epidemic has created difficult ethical and legal problems. A particularly acute conflict for the healthcare professional occurs when the obligation to maintain HIV-patient confidentiality is at odds with the need to protect the ignorant sexual partner from infection. In spite of counseling, the AIDS patient m
In February 1991, CLMA s National Affairs Committee (NAC) developed a proposed position statement on mandatory HIV/HBV testing of health-care workers. The proposed statement was submitted to the 24-member National Affairs Reactor Panel and, based on their input, appropriate revisions were made. In May 1991, CLMA surve
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A1 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680732
Newcom S; Ward M; Napoli V; Kutner M; Emory Univ. Sch. of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
Between 1983 and 1990, 25 patients (pts) with HIV-associated lymphomas were treated (8 with HIV-HD; 17 with HIV-NHL). The CR rate in HIV-HD was 100% with MOPP and ABVD (actuarial survival was 83% at 85 mo; median follow-up = 24+ mo; median survival = 38.0 +/- 9.52 mo). The number of cycles of chemotherapy received was
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A2 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680733
Tirelli U; Errante D; Vaccher E; Spina M; Gastaldi R; Rizzardini G; Mandelli F; Milo D; Nosari AM; Rossi G; et al; Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
Between November 1986 and June 1991, 92 patients (pts; 84 M, 8 F) with HD-HIV were seen by the GICAT. In accordance with the epidemiology of HIV infection in Italy , 83% were IVDU, 8% homosexual men, 5% IVDU + homosexual and 4% heterosexuals. At diagnosis of HD-HIV, 11% of pts had AI
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A3 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680734
Errante D; Tirelli U; Oksenhendler E; Vaccher E; Gastaldi R; Rizzardini G; Accurso V; Spina M; Monfardini S; Gisselbrecht C; Centro di Riferimento, Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
Since May 1988, within the French-Italian Cooperative Study Group, 37 consecutive pts with HIV-NHL and poor prognosis, ie, with PS greater than or equal to 3 and/or opportunistic infections (OI) in their history were prospectively treated with combined low-dose chemotherapy CHVmP vincristine bleo (50% reduced dosage):
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A4 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680735
Corn B; Trock B; Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
This study was designed to assess the management of intracranial mass lesions in AIDS patients (pts). Surveys were mailed to a random sample of 800 neurosurgeons (NS), radiation oncologists (RO), neurologists (N), and infectious disease experts (ID). The survey described an hypothetical AIDS pt with an unbiopsied intr
We have previously reported the development of NHL in 8 of 55 pts receiving long-term AZT-based antiretroviral therapy at the NCI (Pluda et al, Ann Intern Med 113:276, 1990). None of the 7 pts remaining alive in that cohort has since developed NHL, and the current estimated probabilities of pts with AIDS or severe HIV
The objective of this pilot protocol is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of combining chemotherapy with AZT and GM-CSF for the treatment of AIDS-associated NHL. HIV-seropositive patients (pts) with untreated intermediate- or high-grade systemic N
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A7 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680738
Northfelt DW; Volberding PA; Kaplan LD; Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA
In clinical practice, the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count (CD4) is used as a measure of the degree of immunodeficiency caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Clinical events in HIV infection have been correlated with CD4; for example, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia usually occurs when CD4 is less than 200 cells/mm3. Re
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A8 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680739
Alonso K; Pontiggia P; DeBartolomei E; Calvi G; Cuppone Curto F; Nardi C; Lab. Atlanta, 203B Medical Way, Riverdale, GA 30274
Treatment of HIV-related malignancies with pharmacologic and biologic agents has not appreciably modified the course of disease. Immunologic impairment remains the critical factor in response. Recently, we reported the relative efficacy of total body hyperthermia on tumor response and the resulting change in clinical
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A10 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680741
Rosenthal CJ; Papandreou C; Nandivada N; SUNY-Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY
Twenty-nine previously untreated HIV-seropositive men with histologically diagnosed extensive KS were sequentially entered between January 1985 and July 1991 in one of these two regimens: (A) Vinblastine 4 mg/m2 iv bolus q 3 wk + INF (Intron A; Schering) 10 x 10(6) U/m2 tiw for at least 6 mo (Vb INF); (B) cyclophospha
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A11 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680742
Schag CA; Ganz PA; Kahn B; Petersen L; Dept. of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90024
Quality of life (QL) in patients (pts) with HIV infection and its sequelae are of increased concern as pts live for longer periods of time. The Cancer Rehabilitation Evaluation System (CARES) is a detailed cancer-specific QL assessment tool with excellent psychometric properties that we adapted for HIV pts: the HOPES
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A12 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680743
Hickey M; Schecter W; Jarnagin W; Ferguson M; San Francisco General Hosp., San Francisco, CA
We retrospectively reviewed our experience with nutritional support of malnourished AIDS patients (pts) between 1987 and 1989 to determine the cost of therapy and the objective changes in serum total protein and albumin and nitrogen balance. Ten homosexual male AIDS pts received aggressive nutritional support. The av
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A13 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680744
Bufill JA; Grace WR; Astrow AB; Oncology Section, Dept. of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hosp., New; York, NY 10011
Fourteen homosexual men with KS were given 50 mg/day VP-16 po for 21 consecutive days q 28-35 days. Eight patients (pts) had received prior treatment with either interferon (6) or chemotherapy (2), and most pts had experienced an opportunistic infection prior to entry. Their mean absolute CD4 count was 39 cells/mm3 (r
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A14 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680745
Lichtman SM; Kaplan M; Donahue L; Farber B; Shepp D; Hall W; Samuels J; Epstein M; Don Monti Div. of Oncology, Dept. of Medicine, North Shore Univ.; Hosp., Manhasset, NY
Since 1982, a suburban, university-affiliated teaching institution has seen 1591 HIV+ patients (pts). We had previously reported (Am J Med 82:389, 1987) our experience with HAM which we are now updating. Demographics are: male 74.6%; white 74.7%. Risk factors: homosexual 38.6%; IVDA 33.9%; heterosexual 15.7%; transfus
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A15 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680746
Sridhar KS; Flores MR; Raub W; Thurer R; Horowitz M; Sylvester Cancer Center, Univ. of Miami Sch. of Medicine, Miami,; FL
This retrospective study determined the clinical course of lung cancer in patients (pts) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Twenty-four pts with HIV infection archived as lung cancer were studied. Seventeen were identified from about 1000 lung cancer pts entered in the tumor registry and medical record
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A16 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680747
Sridhar KS; Flores MR; Raub W; Richman SP; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Univ. of Miami Sch. of; Medicine, Miami, FL
Lung cancer may be infrequently associated with HIV infection. This retrospective case-control study was undertaken to determine if there were differences in age, sex and stage distribution and in survival between HIV-positive and HIV-indeterminate lung cancer patients (pts). We compared 19 pts with both pathologicall
Nystatin-LF IV is a lipid-based formulation of nystatin which displays in vitro anti-HIV activity in infected lymphocytes and monocytes. Seventeen male patients with HIV infection were registered on this protocol after informed consent was obtained. Nystatin-LF IV was administered in a single dose in doses ranging fro
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A19 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680750
Monfardini S; Crosato IM; Tumolo S; Vaccher E; Marini B; Repetto F; Pizzocaro G; Tirelli U; GICAT (Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS and Tumors), Centro di; Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
Between November 1986 and November 1991, 21 cases of GCT were observed by the GICAT. Eleven pts had seminoma (SGCT) and 10 nonseminoma (NSGCT). Fifteen were IVDUs, 3 homosexuals, 1 IVDU + homosexual, 1 hemophiliac and 1 with unknown risk. At diagnosis 1 pt had AIDS, 5 pts ARC, 4 PGL and the other cases were asymptomat
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A20 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680751
Remick S; McSharry J; Wolf B; Blanchard C; Powell D; Portuese E; Chikkappa G; Chaffee B; Pearse T; Wagner H; et al; Albany Medical Coll., Albany, NY 12208
We previously reported (Proc ASCO 10:32, 1991) our initial experience with an oral-based combination CT regimen of CCNU 100 mg/m2 day (d) 1 (cycles 1, 3, 5), etoposide 20 mg/m2 d 1-3, cyclophosphamide and procarbazine 100 mg/m2 each d 22-31 administered to patients (pts) with AIDS-related NHL. Eighteen pts with good p
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A158 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680889
Mora E; Romero H; Figueroa N; Lopez R; Dept. of Surgery, Univ. of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936
The incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer in Puerto Rico has tripled in the last decade although both figures are significantly lower than those of the United States . In order to try to identify factors in the treatment modalities that m
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A602 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92681333
Droz JP; Pico JL; Biron P; Kerbrat P; Cure H; Heron JF; Chevreau C; Chevallier B; Fargeot P; Bouzy J; et al; Institut Gustave-Roussy (IGR), 94800 Villejuif, France
Recent data have emphasized a hypothetic role of HDCT + ABMT in relapsing or refractory patients (pts; Nichols, JCO 7:932, 1989; Droz, EJ 27:831, 1991). Between January 1988 and June 1991 we conducted a randomized trial in 115 nonpretreated NSGCT pts with poor-risk characteristics according to the IGR prognostic mathe
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A1113 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92681842
Hagemeister F; Khetan R; Velasquez W; McLaughlin P; Swan F; Romaguera J; Rodriguez M; Cabanillas F; UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
We have evaluated and treated 46 patients (pts) with HIV(+) diffuse lymphomas. These pts had no prior therapy for lymphoma, only 2 had prior opportunistic infections (OI) and 8 had received AZT prior to lymphoma. 46 were homosexual males, and one hemo
Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A1228 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92681957
Beck JT; Hayden K; Hutchins L; Jagannath S; Barlogie B; Univ. of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Cancer Res.; Center, Little Rock, AR 72205
The anemia associated with MM is a multifactorial process that is poorly characterized. It correlates with the severity of disease and may be related to tumor infiltration of marrow, cytokine production, concurrent cytotoxic therapy, and infection. A decreased erythropoietin (EPO) response to anemia has been reported
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene that encodes the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of ribonucleoside diphosphates to deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates, was cloned and sequenced. The gene (RNR2) was further characterized by determining its copy number and by S1 mapping
It has been previously reported that de novo thymidylate synthesis inhibitors, such as fluorouracil and methotrexate, enhance AZT antineoplastic activity. In this study, we aim to demonstrate that a reduction in deoxyribonucleotide pools caused by HU
We recently described new concepts and a computer program toolbox called COMBO for analyzing data on combination therapy of cancer and AIDS. The COMBO approach includes (1) flexible choice of interaction models (including ones that take into account both efficacy and
Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A3322 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92685838
Au JL; Bramer SL; Wientjes MG; Coll. of Pharmacy, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH 43210
The oral absorption of the anti-AIDS drug 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (ddl) is incomplete and variable. The present investigation examined the relative contributions of hepatic and gastrointestinal first-pass metabolism to the incomplete and variable bioavailability in female Fischer rats which showed an oral bioavailability
Acta Med Leg Soc (Liege). 1989;39(2):441-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92367527
Sticht G; Kaferstein H; Staak M
Lethal poisonings with alkaloids are rarely observed in the Federal Republic of Germany . We had however to investigate a case of poisoning with atropine and another with scopolamine during the last few years. The analysis was carried out with GC-MS and HPLC. Concentrations of the
Warner KE; Department of Public Health Policy and Administration, University; of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029.
Cigarette smoking causes more premature deaths than do all of the following together: AIDS, cocaine, heroin, alcohol, fire, automobile accidents, homicide, and suicide. A society freed of its addiction to nicotine would ultimately experience a life expectancy gain comparable to that that would be achieved by the elimi
Roberts WJ; Elliott JI; McMurray WJ; Williams KR; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale; University Medical School, New Haven, CT 06510-8024.
The p10 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) protein is a basic single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein encoded by the extreme 3 region of the gag gene of MuLV type C. It contains the Cys-X2-Cys-X4-His-X4-Cys sequence shared by all retroviral gag polyproteins. A similar sequence is found in the gene 32 single-stranded D
Roca V; Vinuelas J; Perez-Cecilia E; Picardo A; Rabadan PM; Ortega L; Torres A; Picazo JJ; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de San; Carlos, Madrid.
Rhodococcus equi (Corynebacterium equi) is able to produce infections not only in animals but also in patients, usually immunosuppressed ones. We report a new case of bacteremic pneumonia in a drug addict who was also infected by HIV. X-ray film of the chest showed a cavitated infiltrate in right upper lobe. R. equi w
Oteo JA; Rosino A; Martinez de Artola V; Garcia D; Casas JM; Acha MV; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Virgen del Camino,; Pamplona.
The present study evaluates the utility of biohazard precautions labels for identifying biological samples of patients with probable severe transmissible infectious diseases. The study was performed in a total of 633 patients in the emergency department of a General Hospital. In an anonymous way we determine the prese
Beijnen JH; Meenhorst PL; van Gijn R; Hazelager WA; Koks CH; Underberg WJ; Department of Pharmacy, Slotervaart Hospital/Netherlands Cancer; Institute, Amsterdam.
Amari JV; Brown PR; Pivarnik PE; Sehgal RK; Turcotte JG; Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston; 02881.
A reversed-phase chromatographic method is described for the analysis of an experimental anti-AIDS drug 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine monophosphate diglyceride (AZT-MP-DG) [J.M. Steim et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 171, 458-464 (1990)] [1], a phosphatidic acid derivative of AZT. Analytical conditions were based u
Beijnen JH; Meenhorst PL; van Gijn R; Fromme M; Rosing H; Underberg WJ; Department of Pharmacy, Slotervaart Hospital/Netherlands Cancer; Institute, Amsterdam.
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay has been developed for the determination of the anticancer drug doxorubicin and the metabolites doxorubicinol, doxorubicinone, 7-deoxydoxorubicinone, doxorubicinolone and 7-deoxydoxorubicinolone in plasma of AIDS patients. Samples can be heated at 60 degrees C for
Bourdoux PP; De Wit SA; Servais GM; Clumeck N; Bonnyns MA; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Saint Pierre University; Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
Over a 2-year period, thyroid function was studied in 102 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in 102 age- and sex-matched controls with various infectious diseases. Biochemical abnormalities were observed in 1-20% of the patients, depending on thyroid indices, but thyroid disease (hypothy
Hudson AT; Dickins M; Ginger CD; Gutteridge WE; Holdich T; Hutchinson DB; Pudney M; Randall AW; Latter VS; Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, UK.
566C80 is a novel hydroxynaphthoquinone with broad-spectrum anti-parasitic properties. In vitro the compound was more potent against Plasmodium falciparum than any of the established anti-malarial drugs. It had good activity against the pathogen in Aotus monkeys and was also effective in rodents infected with various
Lemos RS; Rangan SR; Andes WA; Hyslop NE Jr; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New; Orleans 70112.
1. Since monocyte-macrophages have been recognized as HIV targets in addition to CD4+ T-lymphocytes, we have evaluated HIV infection of purified peripheral blood mononuclear cell fractions obtained from 10 seropositive asymptomatic hemophiliacs and compared it with that of 10 asymptomatic homosexual patients. 2. HIV w
Uko GP; Dawkins RL; Mohammed I; Kay PH; Christiansen FT; Nasidi A; Bajani M; Department of Immunology, University of Maiduguri Teaching; Hospital, Nigeria.
Complement immunogenetic susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was examined in 40 Nigerians with serological and/or clinical evidence of the infection. A mild increase in C4A null alleles (C4AQO) frequency was observed in the patient group compared to a group of healthy subjects (25 per cent v
Chariot P; Gherardi R; Departement de Pathologie (Neuropathologie), Hopital Henri; Mondor, Creteil, France.
A histochemical study of cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) was performed in the muscles from eight patients with full-blown zidovudine myopathy. All patients had ragged-red fibres (total cumulative count: 160) and myofilamentous changes, that predominated in type 1 fibres and included diffuse or punch-out myofibrillar loss (
Passos GA Jr; Departamento de Morfologia, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirao; Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brasil.
New Zealand rabbits were used to demonstrate the in vitro and in vivo transfer of reactivity, including immunological memory, to a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 586-606 of the gp-160 protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). The transfer were mediated by im
World Health Forum. 1992;13(1):77-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92344730
Ford N; Inman M; Institute of Population Studies, University of Exeter, Devon,; England.
A survey in Torbay, England, indicated substantial sexual interaction of an unsafe kind between young residents and tourists. A pilot programme is described which sought to promote safer sexual behaviour: the attention of both tourists and local people who frequented nightclubs was engaged by peer groups who conveyed
The complementary assessment of atopic eczema involved a biological assessment: one part in vitro (total IgE, specific IgE, T4/T8 immunoregulator index); one part in vivo (skin tests: skin reaction intradermal reaction, patch test).
Lewis RA; Roe DC; Huang C; Ferrin TE; Langridge R; Kuntz ID; Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0446.
Receptor-based drug design is predicated on the knowledge of the structure of a target receptor and the principles of molecule recognition. The objective is to produce a wide diversity of structures that are sterically and electrostatically complementary to a specified receptor site. Many drug-receptor interactions ar
Dreyer GB; Lambert DM; Meek TD; Carr TJ; Tomaszek TA Jr; Fernandez AV; Bartus H; Cacciavillani E; Hassell AM; Minnich M; et al; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, SmithKline Beecham; Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
Analogues of peptides ranging in size from three to six amino acids and containing the hydroxyethylene dipeptide isosteres Phe psi Gly, Phe psi Ala, Phe psi NorVal, Phe psi Leu, and Phe psi Phe, where psi denotes replacement of CONH by (S)-CH(OH)CH2, were synthesized and studied as HIV-1
Biochemistry. 1992 Aug 4;31(30):6972-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92345259
Zvi A; Hiller R; Anglister J; Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science,; Rehovot, Israel.
The 24 amino acid peptide RP135 corresponds in its amino acid sequence to the principal neutralizing determinant (PND) of the IIIB isolate of HIV-1. Although the sequence of the PND is highly variable, its central part, containing the sequence GPGR, is conserved in most HIV isolates. Using 2D NMR and CD spectroscopy,
Robins JM; Blevins D; Ritter G; Wulfsohn M; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA.
AIDS Clinical Trial Group Randomized Trial 002 compared the effect of high-dose with low-dose 3-azido-3-deoxythymidine ( AZT ) on the survival of AIDS patients. Embedded within the trial was an essentially uncontrolled observational study of the effect
Lim LL; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
This paper examines the use of serum drug levels to assess compliance to study medication in a clinical trial. We discuss problems of false-positivity, false-negativity, and bias that arise because of experimental errors in the drug assays, pharmacokinetic variations of the drug, and differential dosing levels. Basic
Blood. 1992 Aug 1;80(3):831-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92345622
Fletcher MA; Mosley JW; Hassett J; Gjerset GF; Kaplan J; Parker JW; Donegan E; Lusher JM; Lee H; Department of Microbiology, University of Miami, FL.
Children other than neonates infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have low rates of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Through 1989, 5.3% of 95 infected hemophiliacs aged 5 to 13 years developed AIDS, compared with 20.3% of 364 aged greater than or equal to 25 years. We aske
Borroni G; Zaccone C; Vignati G; Fietta A; Merlini C; Rabbiosi G; Department of Human and Hereditary Pathology, Institute of; Dermatology, Pavia, Italy.
Long-term PUVA-treated psoriatic patients given maintenance therapy (UVA doses greater than 1,000 J/cm2) have been demonstrated to undergo lymphopenia and a decrease in the total number of circulating CD3+ and CD4+ T cells. The aim of this study was to assess whether the impairment of T cells is detectable also in pso
Frankel AD; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge,; Massachusetts.
Recent studies suggest that the human immunodeficiency virus transactivator, Tat, increases expression of viral genes primarily by enhancing the efficiency of transcriptional elongation. The degree to which Tat influences elongation may depend on the rate of transcriptional initiation. Current models in which Tat inte
Cancer Res. 1992 Aug 1;52(15):4069-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92346569
Tosi P; Calabresi P; Goulette FA; Renaud CA; Darnowski JW; Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode; Island.
We have reported that 5-fluorouracil can increase the cytotoxic and antineoplastic activity of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ). To further evaluate the antineoplastic utility of AZT we now have assessed its effect in combination with methotrexate (MT
Bull World Health Organ. 1992;70(3):323-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92346761
Lillo F; Varnier OE; Mantia E; Terragna A; van der Groen G; Van Kerckhoven I; Mortimer PP; Parry JV; Bayliss G; Tamashiro H; Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institute of Microbiology,; School of Medicine, Genoa, Italy.
Described are the results of an international collaborative study to evaluate the use of whole blood samples spotted on filter-paper (BSP) for the detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). BSP samples were collected from 40 patients at risk for HIV-1 infection and tested blindly using com
Harrer T; Wolf B; Nager W; Schwarz W; Bergner D; Kalden JR; Department for Internal Medicine III, University of; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany.
Zinc is a mitogen for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The optimal mitogenic concentration was found to be 0.05 mmol/l (327 micrograms/dl), four times higher than physiological serum levels. Maximal proliferation was observed after 6 days. Limited dilution technique revealed a frequency of zinc reactive cell
An unusual case of acute renal failure associated with lymphoma and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is described. There was an impressive response to chemotherapy and parallel improvement in renal function. The rare occurrence of lymphoma-related renal failure in AIDS patients is presented as well as a revie
EMBO J. 1992 Aug;11(8):3059-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92347342
Morellet N; Jullian N; De Rocquigny H; Maigret B; Darlix JL; Roques BP; Departement de Chimie Organique, U 266 INSERM, UA 498 CNRS, UFR; des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris, France.
The retroviral gag nucleocapsid protein NCp7 (72 amino acids) of HIV-1 (LAV strain), which contains two successive zinc fingers of the Cys-X2-Cys-X4-His-X4-Cys form linked by a stretch of basic residues, promotes viral RNA dimerization and encapsidation and activates annealing of the primer tRNA to the initiation site
Li C; Lusis AJ; Sparkes R; Tran SM; Gaynor R; Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics,; University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
A region of the human T-cell leukemia virus long terminal repeat (HTLV-I LTR) located between -155 and -117 is important in the regulation of gene expression by the ets family of transcription factors. In an attempt to identify additional cellular transcription factors that bind to this portion of the HTLV-I LTR, we u
Indian J Med Sci. 1992 Mar;46(3):75-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92347940
Kamat JR; Kumta NB; Department of Pediatrics, Seth G.S. Medical College, K.E.M.; Hospital, Parel, Bombay.
The article discusses the disease AIDS, and its increasing incidence all over the world. The alarming rise of HIV infection amongst those tested in India is noted. The projection as made by WHO are mentioned. The various modes of transmission of HIV infection and the high risk group
Manns A; Wilks RJ; Murphy EL; Haynes G; Figueroa JP; Barnett M; Hanchard B; Blattner WA; Viral Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
To evaluate the risk of transfusion-related transmission of HTLV-I in Jamaica , a prospective study was initiated, prior to availability of a licensed HTLV-I serological screening assay. This information would prove useful in formulating strategies for blood-donor screening. We fol
Oka T; Iwata J; Furihata M; Sonobe H; Miyoshi I; Ohtsuki Y; Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Japan.
The effects of human interferon (IFN)-alpha, -beta, and -gamma on the immortalization of human and rabbit lymphocytes by human T-lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) have been investigated. The immortalization of human peripheral-blood lymphocytes co-cultured with lethally X-ray-irradiated HTLV-I-producer cells, MT-2, w
Int Nurs Rev. 1992 May-Jun;39(3):77-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92348119
MacNeil J
For two years ICN implemented a WHO/GPA-funded project in Africa to increase the capability and effectiveness of selected national nurses associations (NNAs) to participate in their countries campaigns to prevent HIV transmission; reduce the impact of HIV/AIDS on individuals, families and communities; and decrease m
Int Nurs Rev. 1992 May-Jun;39(3):83-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92348120
Holzemer WL; School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco.
Primary health care (PHC) strategies have heightened health care providers awareness of the need to understand their communities and provided knowledge on how to mobilize communities for health. Orem, a nurse theorist, has developed a similar philosophical position on mobilizing individuals for self-care, which compl
Goldstein J; Rubin J; Silver C; Meritz K; Chao C; Ting J; Davis L; Department of Radioation Therapy, Montefiore Medical; Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
Patients who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may develop benign lymphoepithelial cysts within the parotid gland that cause severe facial deformity. Standard treatment for this disorder has been superficial parotidectomy, repeated fine-needle aspirations or observation alone. These approaches a
McKenzie SB; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas; Health Science Center, San Antonio 77824-7772.
The advent of AIDS and HIV infection has heightened administrator and faculty concern over providing and maintaining a safe environment for students in the health professions. Failure to provide this environment may result in litigation. Although case law on AIDS-related issues in higher education is sparse, court dec
Chamow SM; Kogan TP; Peers DH; Hastings RC; Byrn RA; Ashkenazi A; Department of Process Science, Genentech, Inc., South San; Francisco, California 94080.
Chemical conjugates of recombinant soluble CD4 (sCD4) with toxins, or with antibodies that activate cytotoxic T cells, can be used to direct selective killing of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cells. This approach takes advantage of the ability of sCD4 to bind with high affinity to gp120, the envelope pro
Nahata MC; College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
Marked differences in body composition and organ function development have been demonstrated among neonates, infants, and children versus adults. Specific dosage guidelines for the paediatric population, however, are still not available for the majority of marketed drugs. Much needs to be learned about the pharmacokin
Setoyama M; Katahira Y; Hamada T; Tashiro M; Yashiki S; Tanaka Y; Tozawa H; Sonoda S; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima; University, Japan.
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is recognized as a disease etiologically associated with human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection, but, neither viral replication nor specific virus antigen expression have been detected on ATLL cells distributed in organs, including skin. To examine the latent express
Heynen CA; Holzer TJ; Abbott Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology Research,; North Chicago, IL 60064.
Using flow cytometry, monoclonal antibodies to the HIV proteins p24, gp41 and p17 were evaluated for their ability to detect HIV antigens associated with HIV-infected T cells. Mixtures containing varying ratios of HIV-infected and uninfected cells were subjected to analysis with these monoclonal antibodies. In most ca
Steenbakkers PG; van Meel FC; Olijve W; Department of Immunology, Organon International B.V., Oss,; Netherlands.
A new and very efficient method for the generation of human and murine monoclonal antibodies has been developed. The method is based on clonal expansion of single B cells in the presence of human T cell supernatant and irradiated murine thymoma helper cells. Subsequently, the clonally expanded B cells are immortalized
Baruchel S; Wainberg MA; Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Quebec,; Canada.
This review describes the potential role of oxidative stress as a cofactor of disease progression from asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Oxidative stress is a known activator of HIV replication in vitro through the activation of a factor that bi
Dhawan S; Vargo M; Meltzer MS; Department of Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC 20307.
Monocytes express cell surface receptors for extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins of basement membranes. These receptors are engaged during extravasation of cells through capillary endothelium into tissue. The number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected monocytes that adhered to ECM over 2 h was threefold hig
Riordan FA; Bhattacharyya A; McAteer S; Lilley DM; Department of Biochemistry, The University Dundee, U.K.
We have used gel electrophoresis to show that the pyrimidine bulge of the HIV-1 TAR sequence causes a local bending of the helical axis. The TAR bulge caused a retardation in electrophoretic mobility in polyacrylamide gels. When this was placed adjacent to an additional bulged sequence in a linear RNA fragment, the mo
Shtarkshall RA; Awerbuch TE; Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health and; Community Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
The effects of nondisclosure of either HIV seropositivity or previous engagement in risk behavior on the estimation of risk in sexual intercourse is studied through the use of a probability model. Equations are utilized to derive an Underestimation Factor for three cases, which is shown to range from 2 to 20 in the ca
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1992 Aug 19;84(16):1238-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92349454
Hersh EM; Gschwind CR; Taylor CW; Dorr RT; Taetle R; Salmon SE; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson; 85724.
BACKGROUND: Imexon, a 2-cyanoaziridine, is therapeutic and reverses lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly in the LP-BM5 murine retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency disease (murine AIDS). It can restore chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression. Imexon reduced the incidence of lymphoma in severe combined immune deficient mice i
The clinical observations carried out on 10 leprosy patients with HIV1-infection, admitted between 1.1.1986 and 1.5.1988 to the Salvation Army Hospital at Chikankata, Mazabuka, Zambia are described. A total of 8 of this group were newly-diagnosed borderline leprosy patients. Their
Since 1980, surgical sterilization among women has become the most common contraceptive method used among women aged greater than 30 years in the United States and is used by 28% of women aged 15-44 years. A previous report of women in drug treatment suggested that women who have been
Although the potential for transmission of bloodborne pathogens to patients through transfusion of contaminated blood is well known, it is less widely recognized that such transmission can also occur during medical procedures involving withdrawal and reinjection of blood or blood products (e.g., nuclear medicine proce
Counseling and testing persons for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a key component of the public health strategy for reducing transmission of HIV in the United States (1,2). In 1991, the federal government allocated $100 million to state and local health agencies to pro
BACKGROUND: The number of newborn infants exposed to drugs in utero is on the increase in many European countries. As drug use reported by addicted pregnant women is unreliable there is a need for an accurate test to determine the drugs to which an infant has been exposed in utero. The purpose of this study was to eva
Nature. 1992 Aug 6;358(6386):495-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
Gao F; Yue L; White AT; Pappas PG; Barchue J; Hanson AP; Greene BM; Sharp PM; Shaw GM; Hahn BH; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
Our understanding of the biology and origins of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) derives from studies of cultured isolates from urban populations experiencing epidemic infection and disease. To test the hypothesis that such isolates might represent only a subset of a larger, genetically more diverse group o
Janssen RS; Nwanyanwu OC; Selik RM; Stehr-Green JK; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
To investigate the epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy, we analyzed cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) reported to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) from September 1, 1987, through August 31, 1991. Of 144,184 persons with AIDS (PWAs), 10,553 (7.3%) were reported to hav
Myopathy and hepatic toxicity are important complications of zidovudine (3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine therapy) in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) both may also occur in HIV infection in the absence of zidovudine therapy. We report 2 cases of myopathy caused by zidovudine, occurring within 1
Public Health Rep. 1992 Jul-Aug;107(4):433-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92350855
Sherman DJ; Pacific Health Affairs in Region IX, USPHS, San Francisco, CA; 94102.
Juveniles who live on the street are often the victims of physical and sexual abuse and family chaos. They have a multitude of health problems such as malnutrition, respiratory infections, sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus, mental illness, and substance abuse. Health care, if availa
Public Health Rep. 1992 Jul-Aug;107(4):461-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92350859
Solomon DJ; Hogan AJ; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0566.
The Michigan Medicaid Program payment records generated in the period 1985-89 by 783 persons were analyzed for services related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Other data from death records and the Michigan AIDS Surveillance Registry were available for a subset of those persons. The average monthly pa
Public Health Rep. 1992 Jul-Aug;107(4):468-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92350860
Martin DJ; University of California, School of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical; Center 90509.
Use of condoms has been advocated as an important method of reducing the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission among high-risk groups such as homosexual and bisexual men, prostitutes, intravenous drug users, adolescents, and hemophiliacs. Despite risk-reduction education campaigns directed to gay men
Seeley JA; Kengeya-Kayondo JF; Mulder DW; Medical Research Council Programme on AIDS in Uganda, Uganda; Virus Research Institute, Entebbe.
Involvement of the study community in research on HIV/AIDS has presented the MRC/UVRI programme in rural Uganda with a multi-layered challenge. A typology developed in agricultural research which defines different levels of community participation in research is described where par
Schmidt KW; Fouchard JR; Krasnik A; Zoffmann H; Jacobsen HL; Kreiner S; Department of Epidemiology, Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was distributed to (1) male members of the Danish Gay and Lesbian Association (2) through a gay magazine and (3) to readers of a gay pornographic magazine. For the purpose of this study sexual practices were classified into three categories taking into account the HIV-statu
Caldwell JC; Orubuloye IO; Caldwell P; Health Transition Centre, NCEPH, Australian National University,; Canberra.
In those parts of Sub-Saharan Africa most affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic both public and private reaction to the seriousness of the epidemic have been less than might have been anticipated. This limited reaction weakens national, community and family responses to the epidemic and also reduces the pressure on intern
Schilling RF; el-Bassel N; Gilbert L; Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY 10025.
Untreated substance users remain beyond the reach of most acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention efforts. In an effort to describe the risk behavior and attitudes of this population, the authors conducted interviews with 148 drug users in an urban soup kitchen. The study focused on subjects risk-taking
Thromb Haemost. 1992 Mar 2;67(3):314-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92351360
Bolton-Maggs PH; Wensley RT; Kernoff PB; Kasper CK; Winkelman L; Lane RS; Smith JK; Department of Haematology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, UK.
Factor XI deficiency is an uncommon bleeding disorder usually manifested by excessive bleeding after surgery or trauma. Until recently the only effective therapy has been fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) infusion. We describe the efficacy and safety of a new factor XI concentrate produced from human donor plasma by a modific
Popik W; Pitha PM; Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,; Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
The effect of human interferon-alpha 2 (HuIFN-alpha 2) on the activation of HIV-1 provirus was studied in cell lines containing either an integrated tat-defective HIV-1 provirus (HIV-1 (-tat)) (HNHIVdt4 cells) or the HIV-1 (-tat) provirus and a plasmid in which the expression of HuIFN-alpha 2 was under the control of
Gottlinger HG; Dorfman T; Cohen EA; Haseltine WA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
The requirement for tnv, a tat-env-rev fusion protein expressed by the IIIB strain of HIV-1, was tested. The expression of tnv was prevented by altering the 5 splice site that flanks the central coding exon of tnv. Mutants that carry such an altered 5 splice site replicate normally in an established T-cell line and
Susal C; Lewin IV; Stanworth DR; Terness P; Daniel V; Oberg HH; Huth-Kuhne A; Zimmermann R; Opelz G; Department of Transplantation Immunology, University of; Heidelberg, FRG.
Sera of 76 HIV-negative hemophilia patients, 103 HIV-positive (HIV+) hemophilia patients free of AIDS or AIDS related complex (ARC), and 32 HIV+ hemophilia patients with AIDS/ARC were tested for four different anti-IgG activities. IgG-anti-F(ab )2 gamma, IgM-anti-F(ab )2 gamma, and IgG-anti-Fc gamma serum activities w
Am J Ophthalmol. 1992 Aug 15;114(2):123-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92351994
Mochizuki M; Watanabe T; Yamaguchi K; Yoshimura K; Nakashima S; Shirao M; Araki S; Takatsuki K; Mori S; Miyata N; Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of; Medicine, Japan.
Seroepidemiologic, clinical, and virologic studies were performed to determine whether human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I was closely associated with uveitis in two hospitals. One hospital was in an endemic area of the virus (Miyakonojo, Miyazaki) and the other hospital was in a less endemic area (Kurume). In the
Ann Neurol. 1992 Jul;32(1):31-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352224
Gelman BB; Guinto FC Jr; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch,; Galveston 77550.
Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) commonly display evidence of gross cerebral atrophy, but its true incidence and pathophysiology in the general AIDS population are unknown. In this study, we measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces in 64 consecutively autopsied patients with AIDS, compared
Martin JA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Roche Products Ltd., Welwyn; Garden City, Hertfordshire, U.K.
Inhibition of HIV proteinase is currently one of the most widely studied approaches for chemotherapeutic intervention in the treatment of AIDS. A range of inhibitors of this essential enzyme has been designed from detailed knowledge of its mechanism of action and cleavage sites. These inhibitors have been classified a
Degols G; Leonetti JP; Milhaud P; Mechti N; Lebleu B; UA CNRS 1191 Genetique Moleculaire, U. Montpellier II Sciences; et Techniques du Languedoc, France.
McGuigan C; Pathirana RN; Mahmood N; Devine KG; Hay AJ; Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield,; U.K.
Novel aryl phosphate derivatives of the anti-HIV nucleoside analogue AZT have been prepared by phosphorochloridate chemistry. These materials are designed to act as membrane-soluble pro-drugs of the bio-active free nucleotides. In vitro evaluation rev
Sakai H; Sakuragi J; Sakuragi S; Shibata R; Hayami M; Ishimoto A; Adachi A; Institute of Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
We constructed an infectious molecular clone of simian immunodeficiency virus from an African mandrill (SIVMND). Upon transfection, this clone directed the production of progeny virus particles infectious to and cytopathic for CD4+ human leukemia cells. Thirteen frameshift proviral mutants with an alteration in the ei
Schneider T; Hildebrandt P; Rokos K; Schubert U; Ronspeck W; Grund C; Beck A; Blesken R; Kulins G; Oldenburg H; et al; AIDS-Zentrum am Bundesgesundheitsamt, Robert Koch-Institut,; Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.
The expression of the capsid antigen (CA) and the two regulatory proteins nef and vpu as well as the CD4 cell surface receptor was followed in HIV-infected lymphoid and promonocytic cells. In the lytic phase of infection all three viral proteins were expressed; production of these proteins coincided with the increase
Yahi N; Fantini J; Hirsch I; Chermann JC; INSERM U 322, Unit of Retrovirus and Associated Diseases,; Marseille, France.
The glycoprotein precursor of the highly cytopathic Zairian virus HIV1-NDK synthesized in CEM leukemic cells displayed a molecular mass of 140 kDa (gp140) as compared to the 160 kDa of gp160 of HIV1-LAV prototype strain. This precursor was cleaved to produce a smaller than prototype extra-cellular envelope glycoprotei
Cinatl J Jr; Cinatl J; Rabenau H; Ebener U; Kornhuber B; Doerr HW; Department of Medical Virology, J. W. Goethe University,; Frankfurt a. M., Federal Republic of Germany.
Human T cell line H9 was established in a protein-free 1:1 mixture of Ham s F-12 and IMDM. After 230 passages (3 years) in protein-free medium, the cells designated H9-PF were infected with HIV-1. The infectivity titers of HIV-1 in cell culture medium were monitored by determining the median tissue culture infectious
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1992 Jun;26(2):249-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352425
Hickie I; Lloyd A; Wakefield D; Mood Disorders Unit, Prince Henry Hospital, Little Bay, NSW.
Associations between immunological and psychological dysfunction in 33 patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) were examined before and in response to treatment in a double blind, placebo-controlled trial of high dose intravenous immunoglobulin. Only those patients who received active immunotherapy demonstrated a
A retrospective review of paediatric patients treated for acute burn injuries and receiving blood/blood products between 1978 and 1985, identified 52 patients at risk for HIV infection. Over 50 per cent of the identified population had received 3 or more units of blood/blood products during their acute hospital stay.
Schonheyder H; Hoffmann S; Jensen HE; Hansen BF; Franzmann MB; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Statens Seruminstitut,; Copenhagen, Denmark.
Necrotizing myocarditis due to Aspergillus fumigatus was a contributory cause of death in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and non-Hodgkin lymphoblastic malignant lymphoma of the Burkitt type. A transient remission of the lymphoma had been obtained by cytostatic treatment. A. fumigatus was isolated fr
AIDS Educ Prev. 1992 Summer;4(2):120-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352893
Basen-Engquist K; Center for Health Promotion Research and Development, School of; Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center,; Houston.
This study tested a model of safer sex behavior using variables from social learning theory, the health belief model, the theory of reasoned action, and theories of cognitive coping style. Two types of safer sex behavior were measured: frequency of condom use and the discussion of AIDS and past partners with a sexual
AIDS Educ Prev. 1992 Summer;4(2):135-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352894
Siegel K; Raveis VH; Krauss BJ; Department of Social Work, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer; Center, New York, NY 10021.
While a public health emphasis on primary prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues, it is recognized that large numbers of individuals are already infected. Efforts at secondary prevention focus on early medical intervention and may be effective in slowing progression to a diagnosis of AIDS
AIDS Educ Prev. 1992 Summer;4(2):143-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352895
Snyder LB; Rouse RA; Department of Communication Sciences, University of Connecticut,; Storrs 06269-1085.
Since there are many ways to segment an audience into target groups, we suggest that a productive strategy for AIDS education is to divide the audience by their actual and perceived risk. We provide an example in which we segmented an urban U.S. sample and make suggestions as to how messages appropriate for each group
AIDS Educ Prev. 1992 Summer;4(2):160-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352896
Scollay PA; Doucett M; Perry M; Winterbottom B; Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, CA; 92182-0350.
Seventy-five introductory psychology students participated in an experiment to assess the effectiveness of 2 types of AIDS education. In the disclosed and undisclosed conditions, students were given a lecture about AIDS/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by a person who has been diagnosed with HIV disease. The lec
AIDS Educ Prev. 1992 Summer;4(2):172-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352897
Torabi MR; Yarber W; Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University,; Bloomington 47405.
The purpose of this study was to develop valid, alternate-form scales to measure teenagers attitudes toward prevention of the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Using a three-component attitude model, a two-way table of specifications was constructed as a theoretical framework for generating attitudi
AIDS Educ Prev. 1992 Summer;4(2):95-107. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352898
Greenfield L; Bigelow GE; Brooner RK; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins; University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
The practice of booting or kicking, in which blood is drawn into the syringe and then injected, was assessed as a possible behavioral mechanism contributing to cocaine s association with increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Intravenous drug users (IVDUs) (N = 68) demonstrated (with an empty, nee
Biochemistry. 1992 Aug 11;31(31):7104-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92353039
Edwards KJ; Jenkins TC; Neidle S; Cancer Research Campaign Biomolecular Structure Unit, Institute; of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, U.K.
The crystal structure of the complex formed between the dodecanucleotide d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2 and the drug pentamidine, which is active against the Pneumocystis carinii pathogen in AIDS patients, has been determined to a resolution of 2.1 A and an R-factor of 19.4%. Analysis of the structure has shown the drug to be bound
Garcia F; Quiros E; Bernal MC; Alados JC; Gonzalez MI; Maroto MC; Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Granada.
BACKGROUND: Quantification and clinical evaluation of p24 antigen and anti-HIV antibody levels. METHODS: Follow up of 13 HIV infected patients (53 sera) by determination of p24 antigen, total anti-HIV antibodies, anti-p24 and anti-env antibodies by ELISA and their semiquantitation. IgG and IgM class antibody determina
Aguirrebengoa L; Montejo M; Prieta R; Uterga J; Gaztelurrutia L; Arce MD; Aguirre C; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Universidad del Pais Vasco,; Hospital de Cruces, Baracaldo, Vizcaya.
We have studied 10 patients with cryptococcal meningitis and AIDS. Nine of them were intravenous drug users and four have been previously diagnosed of AIDS. In 60% of them cryptococcal meningitis was the first opportunistic infection, and as group represented only 6.3% of our 158 patients with AIDS on the same period.
Schved JF; Gris JC; Michaud A; Amiral J; Quincat D; Arnaud A; Martinez P; Consulation et Laboratoire d'Hematologie, Hopital de Nemes,; Nimes, France.
The plasma protein S (PS) system was studied in 120 HIV seropositive patients (CDC classification: group II: n = 35; group III: n = 6; groups IVA, IVC2 or IVE, n = 38; groups IVB, IVC1 or IVD, n = 41). Total PS antigen and C4b-binding protein (C4b-BP) values were not significantly different from control values. Free p
Semin Cancer Biol. 1992 Feb;3(1):17-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92353401
Akira S; Kishimoto T; Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University,; Japan.
Interleukin-6, IL-6, is a pleiotropic cytokine which plays a central role in defense mechanisms, including the immune response, acute phase reaction and hematopoiesis. Abnormal expression of the IL-6 gene has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis, C
Regardless of personal feelings and fears, all healthcare practitioners have a duty to uphold the rights of HIV/AIDS patients. Dilemmas arise when the practitioner s responsibilities are split between upholding these rights and enforcing those of other at-risk individuals.
McKeganey N; Barnard M; Public Health Research Unit, University of Glasgow, UK.
In this short paper we describe the operation of a pharmacy-based scheme operating in Glasgow to provide injecting drug users with sterile injecting equipment. The operation of the scheme is described under a number of headings: its physical location, the policy of selling injecting equipment, the return of previously
Donoghoe MC; Dolan KA; Stimson GV; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Charing Cross; and Westminster Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Measures taken to reduce HIV risk by injecting drug users have been reported in many countries, but a minority of injectors continue to engage in risky practices. In an ongoing cohort study, 207 drug injectors were interviewed and anonymously tested for HIV antibodies in saliva in 1989. Injectors reporting recent syri
Cancer. 1992 Aug 15;70(4):861-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92353992
Kamada Y; Iwamasa T; Miyazato M; Sunagawa K; Kunishima N; Department of Pathology, Ryukyu University School of Medicine,; Nishihara, Japan.
BACKGROUND. The authors encountered six patients with Kaposi sarcoma in Okinawa; one was classic type, two were associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), one was with multiple myeloma, and two were with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). In the classic type, many nodular lesions were seen on the skin of th
Bell SJ; Cooper DA; Kemp BE; Doherty RR; Penny R; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Despite the presence of activated CD8+ T-cells that have been identified in infected individuals, these cells do not overcome natural HIV infection. To understand this better, we analyzed the CD8+ cell-dependent HIV-specific lymphoproliferation that occurs after HIV infection. Our study group of 36 individuals include
Barnes PF; Steele MA; Young SM; Vachon LA; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School; of Medicine.
Adjunctive corticosteroid therapy is recommended for selected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with presumed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Because corticosteroids may exacerbate undiagnosed tuberculosis, we evaluated the frequency with which tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients mimics P carinii
Heckbert SR; Elarth A; Nolan CM; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community; Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
We conducted a population-based case-control study to determine the magnitude of the excess risk of tuberculosis in those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Seattle-King County, Washington. Patients were 39 of the 54 cases of tuberculosis in white and in black (including Hispanic) men aged 20 thro
Renzi PM; Corbeil C; Chasse M; Braidy J; Matar N; Pulmonary Unit, St-Luc Hospital, Montreal, Canada.
We have administered aerosolized pentamidine (AP) to 48 AIDS patients for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Pentamidine 60 mg was administered by ultrasonic nebulization (Fisoneb) five times during the first two weeks and then every two weeks. The mean follow-up was 343 +/- 22 days. PCP re
Whitaker L; Renton AM; Academic Department of Public Health, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London, England.
There has been considerable interest recently in using the occurrence of gonorrhoea infection as an indicator of sexual behaviour relevant to the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Mathematical models of gonorrhoea transmission can predict increasing incidence with decreasing sexual activity in the populati
Barbi M; Bardare M; Luraschi C; Zehender G; Clerici Schoeller M; Ferraris G; Institute of Virology, University of Milan, Italy.
In order to evaluate the response to immunization of HIV-infected children we studied the humoral response to an enhanced potency inactivated poliovaccine (E-IPV) of 43 children born of HIV seropositive mothers. All these subjects have been followed for 32 (15-48) months in order to ascertain their infection status. A
Bortolotti F; Stivanello A; Noventa F; Forza G; Pavanello N; Bertolini A; Clinica Medica 2, Universita di Padova, Italy.
In the area of Padua, northern Italy , fear of AIDS along with AIDS educational campaigns had reduced risk behaviours for HIV among intravenous drug abusers (IVDA) as early as 1987, although at that time 38% of seropositive cases still shared needles and only 22% of subjects used con
Lombardi VR; Libonatti O; Alimandi M; Ansotegui I; Scarlatti G; Moschese V; Wigzell H; Rossi P; Dpt. of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
A simple, rapid, reproducible and sensitive peptide-Time-Resolved-Fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) method is described which allows the detection of antibodies to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1). By using a panel of synthetic peptide antigens that covered env, gag and pol amino acid sequences, a 20 amino aci
Nakagawa C; Hanafusa T; Miyagawa J; Yutsudo M; Nakajima H; Yamamoto K; Tomita K; Kono N; Hakura A; Tarui S; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka University Medical; School, Japan.
We investigated the presence of retroviral protein in the pancreatic islets of non-obese diabetic mice to prove that the virus-like particle observed specifically in the pancreatic Beta cell of these mice was retrovirus. Western blot analysis probed with anti-retrovirus antibody demonstrated the existence of retrovira
FASEB J. 1992 Aug;6(11):3008-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92354864
Sei Y; Arora PK; Skolnick P; Paul IA; Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Diabetes and; Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Mice infected with an immunosuppressive murine leukemia virus (MuLV) mixture, LP-BM5, displayed profound and selective deficits in spatial learning in a modified Morris water maze. These deficits appeared before the appearance of gross neurological impairment or histopathological changes in the central nervous system.
Sykora J; Zastera M; Stankova M; Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Prague, Czechoslovakia.
The sera of 67 HIV-infected persons without clinical signs of Toxoplasma gondii infection and sera of 777 immunocompetent persons from three distinct regions of Czechoslovakia were examined for the presence of toxoplasmic antibodies using the complement-fixation test (CFT). Additionally Toxoplasma positive HIV+ indivi
Fournet JC; Peuchmaur M; Eckart P; Gagnadoux MF; Stephan JL; Hubert P; Niaudet P; Brousse N; Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Hopital; Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
We describe the clinical and pathologic features of a case of pediatric multicentric Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) associated with allograft transplantation in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative child. A lethal polyadenopathic and visceral KS occurred in a 5-year-old Caribbean boy who had undergone an allogenic ren
Nouza M; Dept. of Medicine III, Institute for Clinical, and Experimental; Medicine, Prague, Czechoslovakia.
Forty years ago, Pneumocystis carinii was identified by Czech researchers J. Vanek and O. Jirovec as the causative agent of interstitial plasma cell pneumonia in infants. At present, it is the commonest pulmonary pathogen in AIDS patients. This review summarizes the experience and latest data on the etiopathogenesis,
Coll Daroca J; Gutierrez-Cebollada J; Yazbeck H; Berges A; Rubies-Prat J; Dept. of Medicine, Hospital del Mar, Universidad Autonoma de; Barcelona, Spain.
Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) frequently appear in patients with autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus, and have also been detected in infections, neoplasia, the primary antiphospholipid syndrome, in association with certain medications and also in subjects without apparent disease. Recently, an
Home Healthc Nurse. 1992 Jul-Aug;10(4):12-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92355281
Zelewsky MG; Birchfield M
Strategies for coping with the inherent stressors of caring for the terminally ill are suggested, based on the authors collective experiences caring for the terminally ill and current experiences working with those affected by human immunodeficiency virus disease.
Duyao MP; Kessler DJ; Spicer DB; Bartholomew C; Cleveland JL; Siekevitz M; Sonenshein GE; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine,; Massachusetts 02118.
Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 is the causative agent of adult T cell leukemia. The virus encodes a 40-kDa protein, tax, that is important for the immortalization of T cells. Expression of tax activates several cellular transcription factors, including NF kappa B. We have previously identified two functional NF ka
Burton DR; Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla,; Calif.
The concept of monoclonal antibodies evoked great excitement when first described, but usefulness has been limited by their murine origin and consequent immunogenicity. Human monoclonal antibodies which would obviate xenotypic responses-can now be produced. Clinical implications-including use against HIV-are discussed
Suzuki K; Okamoto N; Watanabe S; Kano T; Biomedical Research Center, Olympus Corporation, East Setauket,; NY 11733.
A rapid and sensitive method for detecting HIV-1 DNA sequences amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is described. The method uses solution phase hybridization for rapid and efficient annealing between digoxigenin-labeled targets and biotinylated capture probes. Hybrids containing biotin are captured onto strep
Intensive Care Med. 1992;18(3):155-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92355854
Gachot B; Clair B; Wolff M; Regnier B; Vachon F; Infectious Diseases Department, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital,; Paris, France.
We reviewed the records of 44 patients with AIDS who had 45 episodes of severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). While 9 patients required intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV) on admission, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) by face mask was the initial measure in 36 episodes. There were 25 patients
Ungkanont A; Atichartakarn V; Chiewsilp P; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi; Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
A Thai male hemophiliac A patient has been anti-HIV seroconverted in the hospital after a 2-year admission for a large infected retroperitoneal hematoma. The source of HIV is thought to be one or more of more than 20,000 units of blood components used during the admission. All were screened as anti-HIV negative. Altho
Munis JR; Kornbluth RS; Guatelli JC; Richman DD; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
The order of appearance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleic acids was examined in monocyte-derived macrophages following a high multiplicity infection with macrophage-tropic virus. Using the polymerase chain reaction, viral DNA was first detected 2 h after infection and continued to accumulate over
Morikawa Y; Moore JP; Fenouillet E; Jones IM; NERC Institute of Virology, Oxford, U.K.
The external glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (gp120) and HIV-2 (gp105) are responsible for binding the cellular receptor CD4. The proteins are functionally identical although their affinity for CD4 varies, with gp120 binding 10- to 20-fold more efficiently than gp105. To investigate the st
O'Hagan DT; Rafferty D; McKeating JA; Illum L; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nottingham,; University Park, U.K.
Local secretory immunity in the vagina may confer a degree of protection against heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Since the vagina has been shown to respond to local immunization, we have undertaken intravaginal immunization of rats with a 20-mer peptide (amino acid residues 102 to 121)
Ainsztein AM; Purich DL; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of; Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610-0245.
The high-molecular-weight dendritic cytoskeletal protein known as microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-2 displays the capacity to stimulate tubulin polymerization and to associate with microtubules. Serine proteases cleave MAP-2 into a C-terminal M(r) 28,000-35,000 microtubule-binding fragment and a larger N-terminal
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 1992 Jul;30(7):15-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92356267
Ripich S; Moore SM; Brennan PF; HIV Program, Palo Alto V.A. Medical Center, California.
The PLWAs and the caregivers of persons with AD were similar in their adaptation to this new technology as a communication medium with nurses. Both groups availed themselves of the resources, both technological and personal, on the computer network. Although different in demographics, they also were similar in their a
Camarasa MJ; Perez-Perez MJ; San-Felix A; Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Instituto de Quimica Medica, Juan de la Cierva, Madrid, Spain.
A series of 3 -spiro nucleosides have been synthesized and evaluated as anti-HIV-1 agents. Reaction of O-mesylcyanohydrins of furanos-3 -ulosyl nucleosides with base afforded [1-[2 ,5 -bis-O- (tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D-xylo- and ribofuranosyl]]-3 -spiro-5 - [4 -amino-1 ,2 -oxathiole 2 ,2 -dioxide] derivatives of
Mullah KB; Rao TS; Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Bentrude WG; Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; 84112.
The preparations and antiviral activities of a series (4-17) of potential prodrug forms of the antivirals 2 ,3 -didehydro-2 ,3 -dideoxyadenosine (D4A) and 2 ,3 -didehydro-2 ,3 -dideoxycytosine (D4C) are reported. The 5 -phenyl- and 5 -methylphosphonates (4, 6, 8, and 10) and their phosphonothionate congeners (5, 7, 9,
Taraporewala IB; Cessac JW; Chanh TC; Delgado AV; Schinazi RF; Department of Organic Chemistry, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78228-0147.
The antiviral/antitumor marine alkaloid dercitin was used as a lead compound to design analogues with anti-HIV and tumor inhibitory activities. Deletion of structural features contributing to cytotoxicity led to analogues with lowered T-lymphocyte toxicity profiles. One compound, 5, induced complete protection against
Kimmel PL; Phillips TM; Ferreira-Centeno A; Farkas-Szallasi T; Abraham AA; Garrett CT; Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, D.C. 20037.
O'Grady SM; Frasier KE; Evans Army Hospital, Colorado.
Mycobacterial diseases are common in people infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI), the specific pathogens most frequently involved, cause pulmonary tuberculosis and disseminated MAI infections. Pulmonary tuberculosis incidence was on t
Ukwu HN; Graham BS; Lambert JS; Wright PF; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,; Nashville, Tennessee.
OBJECTIVES: To review the current understanding of the epidemiologic and pathogenetic features of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in pregnancy and perinatal HIV infection, and to explore immunization strategies for preventing maternal-infant transmission of HIV. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE data base and ref
Charles NC; Friedberg DN; Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Medical Center,; New York 10016.
BACKGROUND: While molluscum contagiosum of the eyelid skin is commonly complicated by conjunctivitis, primary involvement of the conjunctiva or cornea by molluscum lesions is exceedingly rare. The authors studied a 34-year-old man with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in whom multiple molluscum lesions of th
Dugel PU; Gill PS; Frangieh GT; Rao NA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California; School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
PURPOSE: To determine the most effective, safe, and cost-efficient treatment for ocular adnexal Kaposi s sarcoma in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. METHODS: Eighty-two patients with ocular adnexal Kaposi s sarcoma related to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome were examined, and 25 were selected to partic
McEachern JE; Schiff L; Cogan O; West Paces Ferry Hospital, Atlanta, GA 30327-4101.
Many American hospitals are embracing the philosophies of continuous quality improvement (CQI) or total quality management (TQM). To date, case studies in the literature have largely dealt with administrative processes. However, CQI can also improve direct patient care (clinical) processes using direct patient care te
Reynes J; Mallie M; Andre D; Janbon F; Bastide JM; Maladies Infectieuses A, Hopital Gui de Chauliac, CHU,; Montpellier.
This prospective study evaluated the in vitro susceptibility of Candida albicans isolates recovered from the oral cavity of AIDS/ARC patients before and during long-term therapy with fluconazole. Thirty adults (15 with ARC and 15 with AIDS) with a first episode of thrush candid
Smeltzer SC; Department of Nursing, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia.
HIV infection and AIDS in women will continue without adequate diagnosis and treatment as long as women are not treated as full partners in society. Until issues related to women and their place in society are considered within the sociopolitical context, women who are at risk for HIV infection, those infected with th
Stahl TJ; Department of General Surgery, Georgetown University Medical; Center, Washington, DC 20007-2197.
Common anorectal problems can often be treated in the office setting. Hemorrhoids are usually relieved with use of bulk laxatives or stool softeners; if this fails, coagulation or rubber band ligation may be effective. Surgical therapy is still preferred for third- and fourth-degree hemorrhoids. Perirectal and periana
Schafer V; von Briesen H; Andreesen R; Steffan AM; Royer C; Troster S; Kreuter J; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Institut fur Pharmazeutische Technologie, J. W. Goethe; Universitat, Frankfurt/M., Germany.
Human monocytes/macrophages (MO/MAC) were isolated from peripheral blood and cultivated on hydrophobic Teflon membranes. This culture system is suitable for HIV infection of MO/MAC in vitro. After transfer into 24-well plates the mature macrophages (infected or uninfected) were used for measurements of phagocytosis. T
Pothoff G; Wassermann K; Julius B; Hilger HH; Klinik III fur Innere Medizin, Universitat zu Koln.
Significant impairment of lung volumes and gas exchange in HIV-infected patients with acute Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) has been reported, whereas little is known about lung function compromise following successful therapy. In 9 patients with acute PCP and 9 patients 1-5 month after PCP lung function testing
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):7154-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PDB
He XM; Ruker F; Casale E; Carter DC; Space Science Laboratory, Marshall Space Flight Center,; Huntsville, AL 35812.
The three-dimensional structure of a human monoclonal antibody (Fab), which binds specifically to a major epitope of the transmembrane protein gp41 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1, has been determined by crystallographic methods to a resolution of 2.7 A. It has been previously determined that this antibody
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):7199-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92357799
Allen LS; Gorski RA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of California,; Los Angeles 90024.
The anterior commissure, a fiber tract that is larger in its midsagittal area in women than in men, was examined in 90 postmortem brains from homosexual men, heterosexual men, and heterosexual women. The midsagittal plane of the anterior commissure in homosexual men was 18% larger than in heterosexual women and 34% la
Campbell LF; Stewart AE; Center for Counseling and Personal Education, University of; Georgia, Athens 30602.
The role of social identity as a moderator for perception of risk for AIDS has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to examine perception of risk for AIDS as a function of membership in an identified risk group. 34 subjects who were homosexual, 58 intravenous drug users (IV), and 34 college students rated
Zimet GD; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School; of Medicine.
68 students who reported knowing a person with AIDS were matched with 68 students who did not know anyone with AIDS. Those who knew a person with AIDS showed less anxiety about interacting with someone with AIDS.
Res Nurs Health. 1992 Aug;15(4):295-301. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92357966
Jemmott JB 3d; Freleicher J; Jemmott LS; Department of Psychology, Princeton University, NJ 08544-1010.
The relationship of perceived occupational risk of AIDS and attitudes toward AIDS risk groups to behavioral intentions regarding the care of AIDS patients was examined among nurses (N = 496) residing in a selected area of New Jersey, a state with a relatively high number of reported AIDS cases. Hierarchical multiple r
Itescu S; Winchester R; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Certain adults and children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1 developed a disorder termed diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) that, although having certain similarities to classic Sjogren s syndrome, manifests distinctive clinical, serologic, immunologic, and immunogenetic characteri
de Stasio G; Servizio di Immunoematologia e trasfusione, Ospedale Di Venere,; Bari-Carbonara.
The emergence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has fueled concerns of both physicians and their patients about safety of blood transfusions. Although AIDS has generated the most fear, the risk today is extremely remote (1/60.000 units of blood). The risk of transmitting infectious disease by homologous
Cirasino L; Landonio G; Imbriani M; Silvani A; Bighellini K; Ragaini S; Nucleo operativo per le tossicodipendenze, USSL n. 53, Crema.
In 37 intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in the first stages of HIV-infection (17 in stage II and 20 in stage III according to CDC), compared with 32 IVDUs HIV-negatives, we found a significant decrease in circulating leucocytes (p less than 0.01), lymphocytes (p less than 0.005), platelets (p less than 0.005), serum albu
Barrile A; Quattrocchi P; Bonanno D; Crisafi A; Staiti A; Magaraci G; Romano S; Sturniolo G; Ricciardi R; Ferlazzo B; et al; Istituto di Patologia medica e Medicina mediterranea,; Universita, Messina.
IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies were measured, by an ELISA technique, in the sera of patients with B hepatitis (28), infectious mononucleosis (10), chicken pox (12), HIV infection (20), acquired toxoplasmosis (41) and other infectious diseases [HBsAg+ chronic hepatitis (5), brucellosis (6), herpes zoster (4),
Garavelli PL; Zoccola R; Villa G; Scopinaro G; Divisione di Malattie infettive, Ospedale civile, Alessandria.
AIDS dementia complex is a well-defined neurological manifestation of the HIV infection. Its anatomo-pathological pattern is cerebral atrophy, grey and white matter abnormalities and vascular changes, and the main symptom is progressive dementia. SPECT with Tc 99m HMPAO has proved
Manfredi R; Ricchi E; Costigliola P; Borderi M; Guariento A; Silvestri MG; Chiodo F; Istituto di Malattie infettive, Universita, Bologna.
Haematologic toxicity is the most common adverse effect related to long-term administration of zidovudine ( AZT ). We evaluated the kinetics of modifications of some haematologic parameters of erythroid series in 65 patients with HIV infection treated w
Herlitz C; Department of Social Medicine, University of Uppsala, Sweden.
This study examines the use of condoms due to the risk of AIDS in the general population of Sweden during 1986-1989. The study is based on annual mail surveys (1986-1989) of random population samples aged 16-44 years - 4000 individuals in each sample. The response rate was 71%. The
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1992 Aug 4;122(31-32):1168-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92358172
Kinloch-de Loes S; Masouye I; Salomon D; Harms M; Chamot E; Louis O; Saurat JH; Departement de medecine, Hopital cantonal universitaire,; Geneve.
We report a case of bacillary angiomatosis (BA), a recently described opportunistic infection, in a 30-year-old patient with Aids who was referred for a purplish vascular nodule on the forehead, of one-month duration, surrounded by similar smaller papules. For the previous 4
Torres JR; Rodriguez Casas J; Balda E; Cebrian J; Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Universidad Central de; Venezuela.
A case of spleen abscess complicating Salmonella bacteremia in a HIV-infected patient is reported for the first time. Chronic pancreatitis and the infection of a pre-existing pseudocyst of the pancreas tail might have been the predisposing factor. Infection developed before other AIDS criteria were evident in the pati
The significance of different serological methods and assay systems for the verification of false positive cases of HIV infection has been analyzed on the basis of materials obtained in arbitration studies. As demonstrated by this analysis, the use of such highly specific and sensitive systems as Huma-Lab, Enzygnost,
Evaluation of the quality of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) systems by their sensitivity and specificity is inadequate, mainly due to the impossibility of detecting early or latent HIV infection in humans as it manifests by seroconversion only to a few HIV proteins. The additional evaluation criterion (confirmation rate) ha
Jason J; Colclough G; Gentry EM; National AIDS Information and Education Program, Centers for; Disease Control, Atlanta, Ga. 30333.
OBJECTIVE--We explored whether communication from pediatrician to parent to child might assist in education about and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by comparing parents of children aged 10 through 17 years who did discuss acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with their children with p
Am J Med. 1992 Aug;93(2):131-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92359133
Wilcox CM; Schwartz DA; Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, Georgia 30303.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral prednisone therapy for idiopathic esophageal ulcerations (IEU) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Over a 14-month period, all HIV-infected patients with IEU as defined by clinical, endoscopic, and pathologic criteria
Am J Med. 1992 Aug;93(2):163-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92359138
Godofsky EW; Zinreich J; Armstrong M; Leslie JM; Weikel CS; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2196.
PURPOSE: To describe the clinical, radiographic, and laboratory features of sinus disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. PATIENTS: Seventy-two patients with a history of sinusitis identified from 1,461 consecutive admissions (667 patients) to the HIV ward at The Johns Hopkins Hospital. MET
Am J Med. 1992 Aug;93(2):216-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92359145
Spielman B; Center for Biomedical Ethics, University of Virginia,; Charlottesville.
Since informed consent became legally required in the therapeutic setting, the risks physicians were to disclose have been limited to the risks of particular procedures. Two recent court decisions in which disclosure of surgeons alcoholism and positive human immunodeficiency virus status was required may begin to ero
Leong SS; Cazen RA; Yu GS; LeFevre L; Carson JW; Department of Pathology, Davies Medical Center, San Francisco,; Calif.
Peliosis involving solid internal organs is a rare entity, and it has been reported in association with chronic debilitating diseases. Bacillary angiomatosis (BA), on the other hand, is a recently identified lesion found virtually only in individuals infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. We describe herein two
Arch Sex Behav. 1992 Aug;21(4):347-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92359695
Morse EV; Simon PM; Balson PM; Osofsky HJ; Department of Sociology, Tulane University, New Orleans,; Louisiana 70118.
Information about male customers of male prostitutes, including sociodemographic and life-style characteristics, sexual and drug use behaviors, and knowledge about HIV infection were collected from a convenience sample of 211 male street prostitutes and a convenience sample of 15 male customers as part of a feasibilit
Tyagi SC; Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of; New York, Stony Brook 11794.
We have shown that the interaction of pepstatin A with human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease (HIV-1 protease) can be characterized by a high-affinity mode (Ki = 478 +/- 27 nM), resulting in pure competitive inhibition of the hydrolytic activity of HIV-1 protease toward the fluorogenic substrate. Binding of pepstatin
Giri N; Vowels MR; Ziegler JB; Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Prince of; Wales Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
A 16 year old boy underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling for severe aplastic anaemia. He was symptomatic for 7 years before transplantation and had received multiple red blood cell and platelet transfusions. Conditioning for BMT consisted of cyclo
Int Immunol. 1992 Jul;4(7):811-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92360560
Okamoto T; Ogiwara H; Hayashi T; Mitsui A; Kawabe T; Yodoi J; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo, Japan.
Transcription from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) provirus is activated by a cellular factor, NF kappa B, recognizing the tandemly repeated 10-base-pair sequences, termed the kappa B sequence, present in the enhancer region within the viral long terminal repeat (LTR). Using electrophoretic mobility sh
Teira R; Zubero Z; Munoz J; Alvarez M; Cisterna R; Santamaria JM; Seccion de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Civil de Bilbao.
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia due to pathogenic bacteria is common in HIV infected patients. However, a global overview has not been yet performed and also the effectiveness of a non-invasive approach has not been tested. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An open study was conducted in 1989 including all HIV infected patients with a pres
Herrera B; Gato A; Gaspar G; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Getafe.
OBJECTIVE. To assess how often patients with HIV infection abandon treatment. DESIGN. Longitudinal, prospective and observational study. SITE. Out-patient Hospital Clinic. PATIENTS AND OTHERS PARTICIPANTS. The total number of patients with HIV infection treated between September 1989 and December 1990. INTERVENTIONS.
Valentin A; Albert J; Svenson SB; Asjo B; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) are not constitutively produced by human mononuclear phagocytes. In the present study we have investigated the production of these cytokines in human blood-derived macrophages (BDM) after infection with 16 primary HIV-1 blood isolates obtained from indiv
Blood. 1992 Aug 15;80(4):1012-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92360846
Furukawa Y; Fujisawa J; Osame M; Toita M; Sonoda S; Kubota R; Ijichi S; Yoshida M; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of; Tokyo, Japan.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) integrates its proviruses into random sites in host chromosomal DNA. Random integration of the proviruses was observed in asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers and patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP). However, clonal integration has been reported in patients with adu
Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih. 1992 Feb;12(2):77-9, 67-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92361107
Ding J; Wu XZ; Xue XP; Tianjin Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases.
The immune function status as reflected by the peripheral blood OKT system T cell subset classification and the lymphocyte in vitro interleukin 2 (IL2) secretory function were determined in 30 patients with Spleen deficiency syndrome and 20 normal subjects in this study. Experimental results decreased cellular immune
Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih. 1992 Apr;12(4):207-9, 195. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92361116
Zhu JL; Liu C; Department of Liver Cirrhosis Research, Shanghai Academy of TCM; and Pharmacology, Shanghai.
The treatment of 65 cases (with 20 cases in the control group) of patients with post-hepatic cirrhosis by Extractum Semen Persicae (ESP) and cultivated Cordyceps Hyphae (CH) was reported, and the adjustment of the disorders of both cellular and humoral immune functions was investigated. The results indicated apparentl
van Gorp WG; Mandelkern MA; Gee M; Hinkin CH; Stern CE; Paz DK; Dixon W; Evans G; Flynn F; Frederick CJ; et al; Neuropsychology Laboratory (B111), Department of Veterans Affairs; Medical Center, West Los Angeles, CA 90073.
Positron-emission tomography was coupled with neurological and neuropsychological evaluation to study regional cerebral activity and neurologic status in two groups. Seventeen patients with full-blown AIDS and 14 seronegative control subjects were studied using [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in a resting state. The A
Martin EM; Sorensen DJ; Robertson LC; Edelstein HE; Chirurgi VA; Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis.
In a preliminary study, 30 nondemented human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) seropositive subjects without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and 14 seronegative controls performed a reaction time measure of spatial attention. Compared with controls, seropositive asymptomatic subjects showed normal facilitation of reac
Handelsman L; Horvath T; Aronson M; Schroeder M; Jacobson J; Wiener J; Peterson A; Holloway K; Ness R; Herman S; et al; Psychiatry, Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY; 10468.
Features of event-related potentials (ERPs) may be sensitive and clinically useful markers of central nervous system infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1); however, this application has not been studied in the risk group of intravenous drug users. Auditory ERPs generated by an oddball paradigm were a
Dowe DA; Heitzman ER; Larkin JJ; Department of Radiology, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse; 13210.
The incidence of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the pediatric population is increasing. Estimates are that in 1993 AIDS will be among the five leading causes of death in children. AIDS progresses more rapidly in children than in adults. It also has features that are unique to children, such as recurrent
Sison AV; Campos JM; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Georgetown University; Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20007.
Cumulative data on serological testing of newborns and infants have shown that (i) maternal and newborn anti-HIV-1 IgG titers are high at delivery, which may explain the persistence of antibody in the infants of seropositive mothers; (ii) in some situations, serial HIV-1 antibody testing may identify infected infants;
Zhang BX; Department of Pathology, Beijing Medical University.
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were isolated from 19 solid tumors by means of in vitro digestion and discontinuous density gradient centrifugation. The average amount of TIL harvested from one gram of tumor tissue was 1.3 x 10(6). A four-week long term cultivation procedure was performed in 8 of the 19 specimens
Yuan PX; Si LS; Department of Pathology, Xian Medical University.
Infiltrating mononuclear cell (MNC) subsets and transferrin receptor (TfR) expression at the localized lesions were studied in 28 cases of gastric carcinoma and 36 cases of colorectal carcinoma by immunohistochemical technique by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. The results showed that the percentage of T4+ cel
Barr CE; Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY 10003.
HIV-associated oral lesions have been reported since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, be they fungal, viral, bacterial, neoplastic, or non-specific in origin. The most common lesions are oral candidiasis (OC; noted in several forms) and oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL). OC appears to be directly related to levels of im
Lu DH; Stomatology Hospital, Hubei Medical College, Wuhan.
Specimens from 25 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity were examined immunohistochemically, using Streptavidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (ABC) with a series of monoclonal antibodies. Subsets of the infiltrating T lymphocytes in cancer tissues were identified and analysed. We found that, T cell infi
Hendriks JC; Medley GF; Heisterkamp SH; Van Griensven GJ; Bindels PJ; Coutinho RA; Van Druten JA; Department of Public Health, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Reports of AIDS cases in Amsterdam up to February 1990 were used to make predictions of future cases up to 1993. Two published methods were applied, which make extrapolations from current cases and simultaneously estimate the extent of delay in reporting. The choice of the exact model greatly influenced the prediction
Walker PJ; White GH; Harris JP; Alle KM; May J; Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital,; Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Mycotic false aneurysms due to local arterial injury from attempted intravenous injections in drug addicts are increasing in frequency. The high incidence of HIV and hepatitis B virus in parenteral drug users may present a considerable risk to the treating personnel. This paper reports the unsuspected presence of brok
Clayton F; Reka S; Cronin WJ; Torlakovic E; Sigal SH; Kotler DP; Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Rectal mucosal biopsy specimens from 75 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and 16 HIV-seronegative subjects were examined. The histopathologic changes were correlated with immunoperoxidase staining for UCHL-1 and HIV core protein p24, quantitative p24 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay in hom
Baumert E; Schlesier M; Wolff-Vorbeck G; Peter HH; Abteilung Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Medizinische; Universitatsklinik, Freiburg.
Besides functional defects, different phenotypical alterations of lymphocytes have been described in patients with CVID. A decrease in LAM-1- (= Leu8) and CD21 expression was observed on B cells. Some patients with CVID show alterations in their T-cell subpopulations: The most striking features of this subgroup are lo
Crowle AJ; Ross ER; Cohn DL; Gilden J; May MH; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Colorado; Health Sciences Center, Denver.
Patients with AIDS commonly develop disseminated infections with Mycobacterium avium (MA) but not its close relative, M. intracellulare (MI). In non-AIDS patients who have these infections, the two species are about equally distributed. The higher incidence of infection with MA than with MI in AIDS patients might be d
Int Dent J. 1992 Jun;42(3):170-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92363613
Baumann MA; Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical; Faculty, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
The worldwide emergence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has led to the wide use and acceptance of gloves as a measure of protection against infection in dental practice. Problems caused by the frequent use of gloves are already known from experiences in the surgical sector and have taken on a new urgency
Int J Dermatol. 1992 Jul;31(7):474-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92363655
Blauvelt A; Harris HR; Hogan DJ; Jimenez-Acosta F; Ponce I; Pardo RJ; Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of; Miami School of Medicine, Florida.
Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), a relatively uncommon disease, has recently been reported in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although PCT and HIV infection may co-exist by chance, the increasing number of reported cases suggest that HIV or an associated factor triggers the development of
Bagasra O; Forman LJ; Howeedy A; Whittle P; Jefferson Medical College, Division of Infectious Diseases,; Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Presently, there are estimated to be 1.5 to 2.0 million individuals infected with HIV-1 in the U.S. and about 12 million worldwide. In the U.S. over 90% of reported cases of AIDS occurred among two subgroups, homosexual males and intravenous substance abusers (IVSAs). Currently, there is no anti-cocaine addiction medi
Desjardins M; Thompson CE; Filion LG; Ndinya-Achola JO; Plummer FA; Ronald AR; Piot P; Cameron DW; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
We standardized a serologic enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for human immunoglobulin G and M antibodies against Haemophilus ducreyi. We evaluated the performance of this test with respect to the time from acute chancroid and coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Antibody to a crude, soluble bacterial antigen o
Hjelle B; Mills R; Goldsmith C; Swenson SG; Cyrus S; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of; Medicine, Albuquerque 87131.
We describe the use of an immunofluorescence assay and coculture to confirm human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) infection. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 32 of 32 seropositive donors were positive in the immunofluorescence assay, and 63% of their cocultures produced p24 antigen. Specific antibodies di
J Immunol. 1992 Aug 15;149(4):1237-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92364325
Weissenhorn W; Chen YH; Riethmuller G; Rieber EP; Weiss EH; Institute for Immunology, University of Munich, FRG.
The function of the CD4 cell surface protein as coreceptor on T helper lymphocytes and as receptor for HIV makes this glycoprotein a prime target for an immune intervention with mAb. A detailed understanding of the structural determinants on the therapeutic CD4 mAb that are involved in Ag binding or are recognized by
J Immunol. 1992 Aug 15;149(4):1462-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92364356
Twigg HL 3d; Iwamoto GK; Soliman DM; Department of Medicine, Indiana University Medical Center,; Indianapolis 46202.
Mononuclear phagocytes, including alveolar macrophages (AM), can be chronically infected with HIV and thus serve as a reservoir for the virus. Acting as AC during the generation of an immune response, HIV-infected mononuclear phagocytes can facilitate viral T cell infection by several mechanisms, including direct cont
Szelc CM; Mitcheltree C; Roberts RL; Stiehm ER; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles; School of Medicine.
Children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have impaired polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) function leading to secondary bacterial infections and possible acceleration of underlying viral disease. The chief antiviral defense mechanism of PMNL is antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Accordi
Fenouillet E; Blanes N; Coutellier A; Demarquest J; Rozenbaum W; Gluckman JC; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Pathologies; Immunitaires, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite; de Recherche Associee 1463, Paris, France.
Anti-p25 antibodies were evaluated by cross-sectional analysis of sera from 130 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients and in a longitudinal study of 56 patients by retrospective analysis of sequentially collected sera. High and stable antibody levels were found in Centers for Disease Control stage II o
Borkowsky W; Krasinski K; Pollack H; Hoover W; Kaul A; Ilmet-Moore T; Department of Pediatrics, New York University Medical Center, NY; 10016.
Three techniques were evaluated for their ability to detect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infants from birth to 6 months of age. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and HIV cocultivation were of comparable sensitivity, detecting 90% of all positive specimens. Both techniques found positive results in approximately
Bruisten SM; Koppelman MH; Dekker JT; Bakker M; de Goede RE; Roos MT; de Wolf F; Coutinho RA; Goudsmit J; Huisman HG; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
In three subgroups of a clinically and socially well defined group of Dutch homosexual men, the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequences in seronegative blood samples was studied using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In 19 seronegative partners of seropositive persons, no HIV-1 sequence
McDonough JA; Sada D E; Sippola AA; Ferguson LE; Daniel TM; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University,; Cleveland, OH.
A simple dot enzyme immunoassay based on the recognition of serum IgG antibody to a 30,000 dalton native antigen purified from culture filtrates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was developed and compared with a standard plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis. The previously describe
Moebius U; Clayton LK; Abraham S; Harrison SC; Reinherz EL; Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts.
The first immunoglobulin V-like domain of CD4 contains the binding site for human immunodeficiency virus gp120. Guided by the atomic structure of a two-domain CD4 fragment, we have examined gp120 interaction with informative CD4 mutants, both by equilibrium and kinetic analysis. The binding site on CD4 appears to be a
No one discounts the cruel nature of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome epidemic or the pain and devastation left by the virus that brings a lingering death to people in the prime of life. And no one dismisses the horrifying surge in the number of cases over the past decade. In 1981, 189 cases of AIDS were reporte
J Med Chem. 1992 Aug 7;35(16):2988-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92365039
Perez-Perez MJ; San-Felix A; Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Camarasa MJ; Instituto de Quimica Medica, Juan de la Cierva, Madrid, Spain.
Several analogues of a new lead for anti-HIV-1 agents [1-[2 ,5 -bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D-ribofuranosyl]-t- hymine] -3 -spiro-5 -(4 -amino-1 ,2 -oxathiole 2 ,2 -dioxide) (TSAO) modified at positions N-3, O-4 and C-5 of the thymine moiety, have been prepared and evaluated as inhibitors of HIV-1 repli
J Med Chem. 1992 Aug 7;35(16):3039-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92365048
Namane A; Gouyette C; Fillion MP; Fillion G; Huynh-Dinh T; Unite de Chimie Organique, URA CNRS 487, Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.
The concentration of AZT in mice plasma and brain was measured using HPLC after an ingestion of 20 mg/kg of AZT or the molar equivalent of hexadecyl 2-(alpha-D-mannopyranosidyl)ethyl 3 -azido-3 -deoxy-5 -thymidinyl phosphate 3. The results demonstrate
1. Ophthalmic manifestations of AIDS involve both anterior and posterior segments and can result in total loss of vision. Understanding of these ocular manifestations has become more important as this disease continues to proliferate. 2. Although the risk of infection by HIV in the ophthalmic setting is remote, ophtha
Winandy S; Renjifo B; Li Y; Hopkins N; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of; Technology, Cambridge 02139.
Previous studies identified two regions in the U3 region of a molecular clone of simian immunodeficiency virus, SIVmac142, that are important to transcriptional activity under conditions of induction as well as basal-level expression (B. Renjifo, N. A. Speck, S. Winandy, N. Hopkins, and Y. Li, J. Virol. 64:3130-3134,
Unger RE; Marthas ML; Pratt-Lowe E; Padrid PA; Luciw PA; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis; 95616.
The role of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) nef gene in viral replication was investigated in several tissue culture systems. SIVmac1A11 is a molecularly cloned virus which replicates in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and macrophages, although no disease is observed in infected rhesus macaques.
Freed EO; Myers DJ; McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin,; Madison 53706.
The envelope glycoprotein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is synthesized as a polyprotein precursor which is proteolytically processed to produce the mature surface and transmembrane envelope glycoproteins. The processed envelope glycoprotein species are responsible for the fusion between the viral
Markovitz DM; Smith MJ; Hilfinger J; Hannibal MC; Petryniak B; Nabel GJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical; Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0680.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) displays several features which distinguish it from HIV-1. Among the differences in these two viruses are the responses of their enhancer regions to T-cell activation. For example, stimulation of HIV-1 transcription is largely dependent on two kappa B regulatory elements. In
Marshall WL; Diamond DC; Kowalski MM; Finberg RW; Laboratory of Infectious Disease, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
CD4 is the principal receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We have isolated and studied CD4-expressing tumor cell clones made by expressing CD4 in the T-cell tumor line HSB. Two clones, one designated HSBCD4, a clone expressing low levels of CD4, and the other, HSB10xCD4, a high-expresser CD4+ clone, we
Thali M; Furman C; Helseth E; Repke H; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts.
The noncovalent association of the gp120 and gp41 envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is disrupted by soluble CD4 binding, resulting in shedding of the gp120 exterior envelope glycoprotein. This observation has led to the speculation that interaction of gp120 with the CD4 receptor tri
Lori F; Hall L; Lusso P; Popovic M; Markham P; Franchini G; Reitz MS Jr; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) displays both interstrain and intrastrain genetic variability. Virus populations with extensive microheterogeneity have been defined as swarms or quasispecies. Many of the genomes within HIV-1 swarms appear to be defective in one or more genes required for viral replication.
Arrigo SJ; Heaphy S; Haines JK; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of; South Carolina, Charleston 29425-2230.
The Rev transactivator protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is required for protein expression from the HIV-1 RNAs which contain a binding site for the Rev protein, termed the Rev-responsive element (RRE). This transactivator acts both at the level of splicing/transport of nuclear RNAs and at the lev
Sczakiel G; Oppenlander M; Rittner K; Pawlita M; Forschungsschwerpunkt Angewandte Tumorvirologie, Deutsches; Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany.
Replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was inhibited by stable intracellular expression of antisense RNA in the human T-lymphoid cell line Jurkat. When the viral subregion encoding the HIV-1 activator proteins was targeted, the extent of antisense RNA-mediated inhibition was greater than 97% during
Olsen HS; Rosen CA; Department of Gene Regulation, Roche Institute of Molecular; Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110-1199.
Tat-mediated transcriptional activation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gene expression requires the presence of the cis-acting Tat-responsive element, TAR, and a functional enhancer-promoter element. The ability of Tat to function with heterologous enhancer sequences led us to examine the role of the minimal ba
Earl PL; Doms RW; Moss B; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The envelope (Env) glycoproteins of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV) form noncovalently associated oligomers which mediate virus binding to the cell surface and fusion between the viral envelope and plasma membrane. A high-affinity interaction with CD4 is a critical step in this process. In this
Zhang Y; Doyle K; Bina M; Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette,; Indiana 47907-1393.
We have identified three consensus E-box motifs in the long terminal repeat of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. One of these E boxes interacts selectively with representative members of the class A group of basic helix-loop-helix proteins, including HTF4, E47, and their heterodimers. Our analyses implicate the hel
Delassus S; Cheynier R; Wain-Hobson S; Laboratoire de Retrovirologie Moleculaire, Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.
A nonhomogeneous spatial distribution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviruses in an infected spleen was observed. Antigenic stimulation of infected cells might explain this partition.
Yu X; Yu QC; Lee TH; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Deletion mutations at the C terminus of the matrix (MA) protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. The resultant mutant viruses had a severe defect in virus infectivity. This defect did not involve late steps of the virus life cycle, as the synthesis and process
JAMA. 1992 Aug 26;268(8):1015-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92365179
Mac Kenzie WR; Davis JP; Peterson DE; Hibbard AJ; Becker G; Zarvan BS; Bureau of Public Health, Wisconsin Division of Health, Madison; 53703.
OBJECTIVE--(1) To assess factors associated with the occurrence of multiple false-positive viral enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among individual blood donors and (2) to determine the frequ
Rabitti G; Stati A; Del Bove Orlandi G; Gallese A; Divisione di Medicina Generale, Ospedale Civile di Avezzano; L'Aquila.
The AIDS crisis has brought us face to face with complex medical and social challenges unparalleled in this century. The magnitude of this tragic epidemic is measured not only in the cost in human lives, but also the enormous financial burdens of health care and lost productivity which each and every one of us, as wel
Ghinsberg RC; Nitzan Y; Rappaport Center for Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Ministry of; Health, Tel Aviv, Israel.
This study suggests the possibility that the intracellular parasite Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) may facilitate the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during vaginal or rectal intercourse. This is based on the following findings: a) elevated titers of anti-Ct IgG are present in symptomatic acquired i
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling and testing (CT) services provided by health departments are a major component of the national HIV-prevention program. The purpose of HIV CT is to 1) reinforce perception of risk by those who are unaware or uninformed, 2) help uninfected persons initiate and sustain behavi
Heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to increase, especially among injecting-drug users (IDUs) and their sex partners. During 1991, 22% of women with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States reported having had sex with a male
Nature. 1992 Aug 13;358(6387):591-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92365822
Zhang Y; Heym B; Allen B; Young D; Cole S; MRC Tuberculosis and Related Infections Unit, Royal Postgraduate; Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Tuberculosis is responsible for one in four of all avoidable adult deaths in developing countries. Increased frequency and accelerated fatality of the disease among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus has raised worldwide concern that control programmes may be inadequate, and the emergence of multid
Scharnhorst S; Medical Ambulatory Care Clinic, National Naval Medical Center,; Bethesda, Md.
Ten percent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome cases are reported in people 50 years of age or older. These older people have been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus primarily through homosexual contact, heterosexual contact or blood transfusion. AIDS in the elderly can be described as the new great imi
Hirai H; Fujisawa J; Suzuki T; Ueda K; Muramatsu M; Tsuboi A; Arai N; Yoshida M; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of; Tokyo, Japan.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) induces adult T-cell leukemia and also a neurological disease, tropical spastic paraparesis. Tax protein (p40tax) of HTLV-1 activates in trans its own transcriptional enhancer in the long terminal repeat and also those in some cellular genes such as interleukin 2 receptor al
Reddy MV; Desai M; Jeyapaul J; Prasad DD; Seshamma T; Palmeri D; Khan SA; Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.
The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a potent trans-activator of the viral long terminal repeat (LTR). The N-terminal region of Tat is rich in proline and acidic residues analogous to the activation domains of other transcription factors such as GAL-4 and CTF/NF-1. Several basic residues a
Marriott SJ; Trinh D; Brady JN; Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine,; Houston, Texas 77030.
The Tax1 protein of human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) has been shown to stimulate the proliferation of human lymphocytes. Here we report that lymphocyte proliferation can be induced at extracellular Tax1 concentrations as low as 25 pM. The proliferative response induced by extracellular Tax1 is acco
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 15;89(16):7365-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92366461
Cichutek K; Merget H; Norley S; Linde R; Kreuz W; Gahr M; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Federal Republic of Germany.
During treatment with one specific batch of blood clotting factor IX, a number of hemophilia B patients in Germany recently became infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The nucleotide sequences of cloned HIV-1 envelope gene regions including the variable V3 lo
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 15;89(16):7678-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92366525
Chen H; Boyle TJ; Malim MH; Cullen BR; Lyerly HK; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; 27710.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral mutants that lack viral regulatory genes are unable to replicate unless rescued by complementation in trans. Structurally intact virus can be produced by infecting recombinant cell lines expressing the deficient genes. A HIV-1 mutant functionally defective in tat an
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 15;89(16):7826-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92366555
Paya CV; Ten RM; Bessia C; Alcami J; Hay RT; Virelizier JL; Unite d'Immunologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
The molecular mechanisms underlying the sustained nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B observed in U937 monocytic cells chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were studied. The activity of the promoter regulating the synthesis of the p105 precursor of the NF-kappa B p50 subunit was enhanced in the
Jankovic BD; Immunology Research Center, Belgrade.
Neuroimmunomodulation encompasses, by definition, numerous components and activities primarily derived from the immune system, and treats the immunoneuroendocrine interconnections at different levels of the integrated whole functioning organism. The arbitrary unit of the immunoneuroendocrine network is the immune micr
Mathieu A; Divaris M; Goudot P; Guilbert F; Vaillant JM; Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et Stomatologie, Hopital; Salpetriere, Paris.
Prevention against the transmission of the HIV must be universal today, which means that it applies to all patients. Blood, tissues, the CSF are infected, but nasal secreta, tears and saliva are not contaminated unless they contain blood. The statistical risk of an HIV serological conversion when making an injection i
Science. 1992 Aug 14;257(5072):958-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92367006
Ecker DJ; Vickers TA; Bruice TW; Freier SM; Jenison RD; Manoharan M; Zounes M; ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA 92008.
A pseudo--half-knot can be formed by binding an oligonucleotide asymmetrically to an RNA hairpin loop. This binding motif was used to target the human immunodeficiency virus TAR element, an important viral RNA structure that is the receptor for Tat, the major viral transactivator protein. Oligonucleotides complementar
Salud Publica Mex. 1992 Jul-Aug;34(4):371-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92367117
Tapia-Conyer R; Sepulveda J; de la Rosa-Montano BM; Revuelta-Herrera A; Consejo Nacional para la prevencion del SIDA, Mexico.
This report presents the results of a study of direct treatment costs of AIDS in Mexico , carried out in five public hospitals, four social security hospitals and one private hospital. The study included: a retrospective phase, a prospective phase and a longitudinal followup. The st
Eble BE; Busch MP; Khayam-Bashi H; Nason MA; Samson S; Vyas GN; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco.
To address concerns over the prevalence of silent (antibody-negative) infections among blood donors and high-risk populations, a combination of proviral amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and viral isolation by co-culture techniques was employed to resolve the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
Dekaban G; Inwood M; Waters D; Drouin J; Teitel J; Immunology Group, John Roberts Research Institute, University of; Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Two hundred ninety-three serum samples from Ontario hemophiliacs and 200 samples from human immunodeficiency virus-positive blood donors were screened for the presence of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioimmunoassay, and Western blot techniques. None o
Duarte MI; Mariano ON; Takakura CF; Everson D; Corbett CE; Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School,; Brazil.
A fast method for processing biologic material for electron microscopy for precise and specific diagnosis of infectious agents is an increasing necessity. After different, reportedly fast methods were tested, a useful and quick technique was developed that provides well-preserved cellular structures, enabling the etio
Armenakas NA; Schevchuk MM; Brodherson M; Fracchia JA; Department of Urology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York.
A case of AIDS presenting as a primary testicular lymphoma is reported. Despite the lack of evident systemic disease, such a presentation in a young patient should alert the physician to the possible presence of an underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Brustle O; Spiegel H; Leib SL; Finn T; Stein H; Kleihues P; Wiestler OD; Department of Pathology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
The presence and distribution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were examined in the CNS of two children with severe HIV encephalitis and myelitis. Using polymerase chain reaction-mediated DNA amplification and subsequent Southern analysis, proviral HIV gag sequences were identified in brain tissue of both patient
Kay CJ; Department of Radiology, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center,; New York, NY 10019.
This essay illustrates the spectrum of sonographic findings of various renal manifestations of AIDS. The most common renal abnormality in patients with AIDS is nephropathy, which is manifested by deterioration of renal function and proteinuria. Acute tubular necrosis, intrarenal infections, focal nephrocalcinosis, hyd
Am J Hematol. 1992 Sep;41(1):19-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92367748
Holman RC; Chorba TL; Clarke MJ; Evatt BL; Division of Immunologic, Oncologic, and Hematologic Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
From January 1, 1981 through June 30, 1990, 32 females with chronic bleeding disorders were diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States . Most (81.3%) were white and greater than or equal to 30 years of age, with a median age of 37.5 years. Eighteen (56
Am J Med Sci. 1992 Aug;304(2):79-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92367770
Fournier AM; Sosenko JM; University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33101.
A simple, inexpensive alternative to CD4 counts would facilitate the management of asymptomatic and early symptomatic patients with HIV infection. In this report, a high correlation was found between CD4 counts and total lymphocyte counts calculated from complete blood counts in a cohort of ambulatory HIV-infected pat
Am J Public Health. 1992 Sep;82(9):1277-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92367837
Kass NE; Faden RR; Fox R; Dudley J; Program in Law, Ethics, and Health, Johns Hopkins School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Questionnaires were distributed to homosexual and bisexual male participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study and to homosexual and bisexual male patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to determine whether the men believed they had been refused medical or dental treatment because of their sexual o
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1992 Aug;47(2):127-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92367846
Guerena-Burgueno F; Benenson AS; Sepulveda-Amor J; Ascher MS; Vugia DJ; Gallo D; Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University,; California.
To assess the prevalence of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) infections among potentially high-risk populations in the city of Tijuana, Mexico , the prevalence of specific antibodies was determined and information on risk behaviors was obtained between June an
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1992 Aug;47(2):133-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92367847
Pepin J; Ethier L; Kazadi C; Milord F; Ryder R; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Banjul, The Gambia.
To determine if there is an association between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense sleeping sickness, all incident cases of trypanosomiasis and a control group of blood donors presenting to the same rural hospital in Zaire were t
Edlin BR; St. Clair MH; Pitha PM; Whaling SM; King DM; Bitran JD; Weinstein RA; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
OBJECTIVE: To measure in-vitro antiviral drug susceptibilities of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates recovered from patients treated with alpha-interferon or zidovudine and patients not treated with these drugs and to examine the relation of these susceptibility measurements to duration of therapy, d
McLeod GX; Hammer SM; New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Zidovudine, a nucleoside analog, was the first agent proved to be effective in the management of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. After demonstration of zidovudine s in-vitro activity against HIV-1 in 1985, the drug was rapidly evaluated in phase I and phase II clinical trials and was found to be
Kong XB; Zhu QY; Vidal PM; Watanabe KA; Polsky B; Armstrong D; Ostrander M; Lang SA Jr; Muchmore E; Chou TC; Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering; Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021.
3 -Fluoro-3 -deoxythymidine (FLT), a candidate anti-AIDS compound in clinical trials, showed anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) potency (50% effective concentration, 0.0052 microM) slightly better than or equal to that of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (
Healey DS; Maskill WJ; Howard TS; Armstrong VA; Bolton WV; Cooper GJ; Downie JC; Hiley LA; Imrie AA; Johnson S; et al; National HIV Reference Laboratory, Fairfield Hospital, Victoria,; Australia.
OBJECTIVE: To reduce the number of HIV-1 Western blot (WB)-indeterminates requiring follow-up and the time taken to provide a clear positive or negative result. DESIGN: In the first of two stages, a testing and follow-up strategy was developed to resolve anti-HIV-1 status of WB-indeterminates. In the second stage, imp
Jurriaans S; Dekker JT; de Ronde A; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To determine viral DNA load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HIV-1-infected individuals. DESIGN: HIV-1 copy numbers were determined using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the PCR-aided template titration assay (PATTY). PATTY utilizes an internal plasmid control DNA, which is
Ayehunie S; Sonnerborg A; Desta B; Kefene H; Zewdie D; Britton S; Stranneg~ard O; Department of Biology, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship and occurrence of cell-free viraemia, free or immune-complexed p24-antigen and p24-antibody levels in blood from HIV-1-infected patients in Ethiopia . METHODS: Peripheral blood was obtained from 66 Ethiopian and 137 Swedish HIV-1-seropositi
Defer C; Agut H; Garbarg-Chenon A; Moncany M; Morinet F; Vignon D; Mariotti M; Lefrere JJ; Centre Regional de Transfusion Sanguine, Lille, France.
OBJECTIVE: Seven French laboratories tested the specificity and sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of HIV-1 DNA. METHODS: Following its own PCR protocols, each laboratory independently tested blind two panels of 20 coded peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples collected from HIV-1-s
Moore RD; Keruly J; Richman DD; Creagh-Kirk T; Chaisson RE; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,; Maryland.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the natural history of advanced HIV disease in patients treated with zidovudine. DESIGN: Longitudinal, observational study. SETTING: Twelve academic and community-based sites. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: Eight hundred and sixty-three patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) with a CD4+ lymph
Nigro G; Luzi G; Fridell E; Ferrara M; Pisano P; Gattinara GC; Mezzaroma I; Soderlund M; Rasnoveanu D; Aiuti F; Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: Investigation of the prevalence and pathogenic role of parvovirus B19 infection in Italian and Rumanian children with AIDS, compared with age-matched HIV-negative children (controls) with various recurrent infections of unknown aetiology. DESIGN: Detection of B19-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG antib
Dunbar N; Perdices M; Grunseit A; Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, Australia.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in neuropsychological performance associated with progression from AIDS-related complex (ARC) to AIDS. DESIGN: A repeated measures design was used to compare three groups: ARC patients who progressed to AIDS (n = 15), those who did not (n = 19) and seronegative controls (n = 16).
Beach RS; Mantero-Atienza E; Shor-Posner G; Javier JJ; Szapocznik J; Morgan R; Sauberlich HE; Cornwell PE; Eisdorfer C; Baum MK; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami; School of Medicine, FL 33101.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether specific nutrient abnormalities occur in earlier stages of HIV-1 infection, thereby preceding the marked wasting and malnutrition that accompany later stages of the infection. DESIGN: A longitudinal investigation to determine biological, psychological and social factors thought to influ
van der Pijl H; Frissen PH; Department of Internal Medicine (AIDS Unit), University of; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the complication rate of a totally implantable central venous access device [Port-A-Cath (PAC)] in AIDS patients, used mainly for home infusion therapy. DESIGN: A retrospective study. SETTING: The study was performed at the AIDS Unit of the Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Cent
Bird AG; Gore SM; Jolliffe DW; Burns SM; HIV Immunology Laboratory, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, Scotland.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of HIV by anonymous saliva testing in Her Majesty s Prison, Saughton (Saughton Prison), Edinburgh, UK. To elicit linked anonymous risk factor information from which to estimate risk scores for those who had taken an HIV blood test and, among drug injectors, for those who were HIV
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1023-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368717
Yarchoan R; Mitsuya H; Broder S; Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
It is known that antiretroviral drugs can induce immunologic improvement in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and other manifestations of HIV infection. However, the improvements so attained are often partial and transient. This may result from a number of factors, including incomplete inhibition
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1033-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368718
Kim YW; Chang TW; Tanox Biosystems, Inc., Houston, TX 77025.
More than a dozen of hybrid proteins possessing reactivity with human immunodeficiency virus-type 1-(HIV-1) infected cells and cytotoxicity have been produced and studied by several groups. These proteins are prepared either by chemical cross-linking of a toxin and a carrier molecule or by expressing fused genes of th
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1083-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368725
Walker L; Wilks D; O'Brien J; Habeshaw J; Dalgleish A; Division of Immunology, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow,; England.
The CD4 antigen is established as a major cellular receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Previous studies have suggested that certain anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) can inhibit or enhance the binding of the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 to CD4 by allosteric effects. In the study reported here
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1133-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368731
von Gegerfelt A; Chiodi F; Keys B; Norkrans G; Hagberg L; Fenyo EM; Broliden K; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
The cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) and sera from HIV-1-infected individuals at different clinical stages were monitored for neutralizing activity against CSF-derived HIV-1 isolates. None of the CSF samples and only one of seven serum samples could neutralize the autologous CSF isolate. CSF samples collected one to two yea
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1179-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368737
Dewhurst S; Embretson JE; Fultz PN; Mullins JI; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642.
Molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency viruses capable of inducing acute, fatal disease in pig-tailed macaques had been derived previously from a biological clone (bcl-3) of the PBj14 isolate of SIV from sooty mangabey monkeys (SIVsmmPBj14). The present study was undertaken in order to characterize virus from a se
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1193-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368739
McEntee MF; Anderson MG; Daniel MD; Adams R; Farzadegan H; Desrosiers RC; Narayan O; Division of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Comparison of neutralization of SIVmac251 in primary macrophage cultures with neutralization in lymphocytes (CEM174 cells) showed that neutralizing antibodies induced by SIV251 in infected rhesus macaques protected both macrophages and T lymphocytes against infection when the virus was preincubated with the antibodies
The 10-year period of clinical latency following infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 remains as a tremendous opportunity for therapeutic intervention. To decipher the viral and cellular mechanisms involved in controlling active and nonproductive viral expression, chronically infected cell lines have
Ho G Jr; Division of Rheumatology, Miriam Hospital, Brown University; School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02906.
The 1991 literature on septic arthritis included a concise review of adult septic arthritis, examples of pseudoseptic arthritis, and two interesting animal studies. One animal study examined the induction of acute synovitis by the intra-articular injection of bacterial endotoxin and the cytokines tumor necrosis factor
Davis P; University of Alberta, Heritage Medical Research Centre,; Edmonton, Canada.
There is increasing evidence of a role for viruses in the pathogenesis and etiology of rheumatic diseases. Although definitive evidence of any involvement in diseases such as rheumatic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus is currently lacking, there is increasing evidence that viruses may be involved in the path
Moreland LW; Koopman WJ; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35233.
Recent advances in understanding the role of infectious agents in the etiology of reactive arthritis (Reiter s syndrome), ankylosing spondylitis, and rheumatic fever are reviewed. The reader is referred to other reviews in this section for discussions of septic, spirochetal, mycobacterial, and fungal arthritis, and hu
Lo SC; Hayes MM; Tully JG; Wang RY; Kotani H; Pierce PF; Rose DL; Shih JW; American Registry of Pathology, Department of Infectious and; Parasitic Disease Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology,; Washington, D.C. 20306-6000.
An unusual mycoplasma, which was isolated from the urine of a human immunodeficiency virus-positive male homosexual patient, has an elongated flask shape and two unique sharply divided internal compartments. The tiplike compartment is densely packed with fine granules, and the body compartment is loosely filled with c
Ramael M; Colebunders R; Colpaert C; Goeman J; Schrijvers D; Lachenal M; Vandenbruaene M; Blot K; Van Marck E; Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Belgium.
The prevalence of hairy leukoplakia was determined among 176 symptomatic HIV seropositive patients seen at the outpatient department of the Institute of Tropical Medicine in Antwerp, Belgium . Moreover, systematic tongue biopsies were performed during postmortem examination of 21 p
Giesecke J; Scalia-Tomba G; Gothberg M; Tull P; Department of Epidemiology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Behavioural patterns pertinent to the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) were assessed in a random sample population study in Sweden . From a sample of 1150 individuals aged 16-31 years, 768 (68%) completed a questionnaire on past and present sexual contacts. Response rat
Lau RK; Hill A; Jenkins P; Caun K; Forster SM; Weber JN; McManus TJ; Harris JR; Jeffries DJ; Pinching AJ; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London,; UK.
Three hundred and fourteen homosexual/bisexual men at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (170 seroprevalent HIV-positive, 144 seronegative) were prospectively studied over 8 years to assess rates of HIV infection and disease progression, in conjunction with cellular and HIV serological markers. In H
Lau RK; Jenkins P; Caun K; Forster SM; Weber JN; McManus TJ; Harris JR; Jeffries DJ; Pinching AJ; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London,; UK.
A cohort of homosexual men at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were studied prospectively over a 7-year period (1982/88) to assess trends in sexual behaviour and amyl nitrite intake. During the period, there were dramatic declines in the proportion of HIV seropositive and seronegative subjects rep
Tapsall JW; Phillips EA; Shultz TR; Way B; Withnall K; Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick,; NSW, Australia.
The auxotype (A) and serovar (S) distribution and antibiotic and serum sensitivity of 22 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated from blood and joints were determined. With one exception, these strains from disseminated gonococcal infections (DGI) belonged to one of 4 serovars of the IA serogroup and were resistant
Victorino RM; Guerreiro D; Lourenco MH; Ferreira S; Teles LC; Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Portugal.
A significant proportion (10%) of notified AIDS cases in Portugal are due to HIV-2 infection as a result of the close connections of Portugal with Western African Countries (ex-Portuguese colonies) where there is a high HIV-2 seropr
Beck EJ; French PD; Helbert MH; Robinson DS; Moss FM; Harris JR; Pinching AJ; Mitchell DM; Academic Department of Public Health, St Mary's Hospital and; Medical School, London, UK.
For 227 episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) treated at St Mary s between 1983 and 1989, factors predictive of fatal outcome were age, haemoglobin levels, peripheral lymphocyte count and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient. Case fatality for the 47 empirically-treated episodes was significantly higher compar
Frischer M; Bloor M; Green S; Goldberg D; Covell R; McKeganey N; Taylor A; Communicable Diseases (Scotland) Unit, Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow,; UK.
Evidence of reduced levels of needle sharing among injecting drug users (IDUs) has largely been confined to IDUs attending needle exchanges or receiving treatment. In this paper we present the results of a serial cross-sectional study of needle sharing conducted in Glasgow using a multisite sampling strategy. Of the e
Qureshi MN; Lederman J; Neibart E; Bottone EJ; Clinical Microbiology Laboratories, Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount; Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029-6574.
An Med Interna. 1992 May;9(5):241-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92369277
Arias Mayorga J; del Pozo Perez MA; Ortiz de Lejarazu R; Eiros Bouza J; Maranon Cabello A; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clinico Universitario,; Facultad de Medicina, Valladolid.
We described an 18 old homosexual man who after 5 days developed a neurologic picture associated with Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV) seroconversion. The patient had developed a dissociative psychiatric disorder 6 months before, and after resolution of the acute neurologic disease a mild neuro-psychiatric disorde
Aten Primaria. 1992 Jun 15;10(1):529-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92369291
Villarias Lopez AL; Diaz Alvarez A; Perez Alvarez J; Malo de Molina Martinez A; Pendas Garcia E; Solas Rodriguez E; del Pozo Vidal R; Centro de Salud del Natahoyo, Gijon, Asturias.
OBJECTIVE. To find the clinical condition and motives for consultation of HIV + patients seen in our Health Centre. DESIGN. This was an observational and retrospective study. SITE. The study was carried out in the Primary Care context, in the Natahoyo Health Centre (Gijon). PATIENTS AND OTHERS PARTICIPANTS. The clinic
Ann Pharmacother. 1992 Jul-Aug;26(7-8):876-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92369553
Stern JJ; Pietroski NA; Buckley RM; Braffman MN; Rinaldi MG; Infectious Disease Section, University of Pennsylvania School of; Medicine, Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia.
OBJECTIVE: Cryptococcus neoformans infections of the central nervous system affect up to ten percent of AIDS patients. Standard therapy with amphotericin B with or without 5-flucytosine has a high rate of failure, relapse, and toxicity. Fluconazole is a new triazole antifungal agent available in both oral and intraven
Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih. 1992 Mar;12(3):142-4, 131. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92369784
Ma R; Dept. of Hematology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of TCM,; Beijing.
The T-lymphocyte subsets of 38 patients with chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) were measured by monoclonal antibody (McAb) and ABC method and the relationship of T-lymphocyte subsets and symptom complex groups by traditional Chinese medicine theory were also analysed. It was shown that the T subsets of patients with CAA h
Most, if not all, patients with HIV/AIDS experience significant problems in adjusting to a probably fatal illness and require psychological or psychiatric assistance. This places an enormous neuropsychiatric burden on the psychiatric services.
Etienne-Julan M; Roux P; Bourquard P; Carillo S; Jeanteur P; Piechaczyk M; Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire, URA CNRS 1191, Genetique; Moleculaire, USTL, Montpellier, France.
Cell targeting by murine retroviruses carrying recombinant genes would have numerous applications such as immortalization of under-represented cell types from complex cellular mixtures, increasing therapeutical yields in the case of gene therapy and delivery of specific genes at any location and at any moment of the l
Chinyanga HM; Danha RF; Department of Anaesthetics, University of Zimbabwe Medical; School, Avondale, Harare.
Among 155 medical admissions to the intensive care unit during the period 1989 to 1990, 16 patients had Guillain- Barre Syndrome (GBS), five of whom were HIV positive. Out of the five cases, three had manifested herpes zoster and one had TB. The impact of HIV infection o GBS is discussed.
Zazzo JF; Troche G; Millat B; Aubert A; Bedossa P; Keros L; Department of Anesthesiology, Hopital Antoine Beclere,; Universite Paris-Sud, Clamart, France.
A 40-year-old man presented with peritonitis. Diagnosis of phlegmonous gastritis was made by laparotomy. Conservative treatment combined with antibiotics was successful. Multiple endoscopies with biopsies illustrate the natural history of this disease. The patient developed HIV-1 seroconversion during hospital stay. P
East Afr Med J. 1992 Jun;69(6):323-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92371262
Barongo LR; Rugemalila JB; Gabone RM; Senkoro KP; National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania.
One thousand four hundred and fifty five adolescents were surveyed for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in an area experiencing AIDS epidemic. The study was done in order to estimate control measures. Among the 1455 adolescents serosurveyed, 47 (3.2%) were HIV infected, of whom 30 (63.8%) were all aged 10-
East Afr Med J. 1992 Jun;69(6):345-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92371267
Oduor DO; Bwayo JJ; Bhatt SM; Kwasa TO; Maitha GM; Ombette JO; Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences,; University of Nairobi, Kenya.
A case of an HIV positive man with multiple sexually acquired disease occurring concurrently is described. Risk behaviours that could have predisposed him to HIV infection are discussed. The factors which might have interacted to make the sexually acquired infections severe and difficult to treat are postulated.
EMBO J. 1992 Sep;11(9):3395-403. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92371447
Taylor JP; Pomerantz R; Bagasra O; Chowdhury M; Rappaport J; Khalili K; Amini S; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jefferson; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University,; Philadelphia, PA 19107.
The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is essential for productive infection and is a potential target for antiviral therapy. Tat, a potent activator of HIV-1 gene expression, serves to greatly increase the rate of transcription directed by the viral promoter. This induction, which seems to be
The median percentages of peripheral blood immunoglobulin-positive (Ig+) lymphocytes (8%, n = 46), CD8+ (12%, n = 49) and CD57+ cell numbers (5%, n = 37) of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) were significantly (p less than 0.05) lower than the values of age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (Ig+ cells
Marrosu MG; Mazzoleni AP; Galantuomo S; Melis A; Muntoni F; Lai E; Istituto di Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Universita di Cagliari,; Italia.
Using polymerase chain reaction and specific primers, we found no gag and env sequences of HTLV-1 in DNA samples from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 26 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with relapsing-remitting, relapsing-progressive and progressive course from onset of the disease, and from 8 patients affected
Sale GE; Alavaikko M; Schaefers KM; Mahan CT; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle.
We searched for evidence that immunodeficiency in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is in part due to alloimmune damage to lymph nodes. We used immunoperoxidase techniques to stain T-cell subsets, pan-B cells, and follicular dendritic reticular cells (FDRC) in frozen sections of lymph nodes from 80 marrow graft recipie
Sng I; Levin A; Jaffe ES; Ng HW; Sim CS; Blattner WB; Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital.
Of 128 cases of malignant lymphomas studied in Singapore between 1986 and 1988, 28 were identified as peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Sera from two of the 128 cases were positive for HTLV-1 antibodies and both cases had the clinical and pathological features of adult T-cell leukaem
Ensoli B; Barillari G; Gallo RC; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
In the past, the study of KS pathogenesis has been hampered by the lack of in vitro and in vivo experimental systems. Recently, the establishment of long-term cultures of KS spindle cells and the development of animal models have allowed a variety of studies on the pathobiology of the disease. The results from these s
Ishihara S; Tachibana N; Okayama A; Murai K; Tsuda K; Mueller N; Second Department of Medicine, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan.
To develop an experimental model of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in small animals, severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice treated with anti-asialo GM-1 antibody were inoculated with MT-2 cells, a cell line transformed by the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I). Three mice injected with 4 x 10(7) cells subcuta
Kelly JA; Murphy DA; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Sciences, Medical; College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
In the decade since acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first diagnosed, behavioral research has focused intensively on risk reduction change processes and, to a lesser extent, on mental health needs of persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) conditions. Although research to date has yielded importa
Carson VB; Green H; University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore 21234.
This study examined the relationship between spiritual well-being and hardiness in a group of 100 subjects who either tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+) or who had diagnoses of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complex (ARC) or AIDS. Each subject completed the Spiritual Well-Be
Huerta SR; Oddi LF; Nursing Services Research and Support, Rush-Presbyterian-St.; Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612.
Nurses historically have accepted the risk of contagion while caring for patients with infectious diseases. The duty to care for patients is directly related to the care the patient requires, the nurse s knowledge, and the extraordinary risk to the nurse. The current infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) a
D'Augelli AR; Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania; State University, University Park.
Gay male university students less than 25 years old were studied to determine whether they had changed their sexual activity patterns to reduce the risk of HIV infection. Most had not established sexual behavior patterns typical of the older gay men who had been studied in earlier research. Although most of the partic
Makino M; Chattopadhyay SK; Hartley JW; Morse HC 3d; Laboratory of Immunopathology, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
The mixture of retroviruses termed LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) contains a replication-defective genome (BM5def), the crucial element for induction of murine AIDS (MAIDS), as well as helper B-tropic ecotropic and mink cell focus-forming MuLV. Among Fv-1b mouse strains, C57BL mice are sensitive to infection by t
Dhawan S; Toro LA; Jones BE; Meltzer MS; Department of Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC.
The frequency of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected monocytes that spread on a model basement membrane was about twofold greater than that of an equal number of uninfected control cells through the initial 12 to 18 h of culture. By 24 h, virtually all HIV-infected and uninfected control cells spread on the ba
Inose M; Higuchi I; Yoshimine K; Suehara M; Izumo S; Arimura K; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
The main lesion site of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is the pyramidal tract. In some HAM patients, clinical symptoms and findings indicate neuromuscular involvement, such as muscular atrophy, fasciculation, elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) or significant electrophysiologica
Reddy MM; Winger EE; Hargrove D; McHugh T; McKinley GF; Grieco MH; AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center,; New York, New York 10019.
Circulating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p24 antigen levels were measured by a highly sensitive HIV p24 antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC) otherwise negative for HIV p24 antigen measured by a commerci
Kohno T; Sakoda I; Ishikawa E; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Miyazaki, Japan.
A sensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) for (antihuman T-cell leukemia virus type I) IgG (anti-HTLV-I IgG) in serum using a synthetic peptide, Ala-Cys-env gp46(237-262), of HTLV-I is described. Anti-HTLV-I IgG in test serum, which had been incubated with excess of inactive beta-D-ga
Hollister LE; University of Texas Medical School, Houston.
Despite the fairly large literature that developed during the past 15 years or so, the effect of cannabinoids on the immune system is still unsettled. The evidence has been contradictory and is more supportive of some degree of immunosuppression only when one considers in vitro studies. These have been seriously flawe
Adolescents are now recognized as being at high risk for contracting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the presumed cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This article reports the findings of a survey that examined AIDS knowledge, risk behaviors, and informational sources for AIDS in a group of subu
J Med Chem. 1992 Aug 21;35(17):3231-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92373732
Gabrielsen B; Phelan MJ; Barthel-Rosa L; See C; Huggins JW; Kefauver DF; Monath TP; Ussery MA; Chmurny GN; Schubert EM; et al; U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort; Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21702.
Ten, hitherto unreported, analogues of 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamidine hydrochloride (2a, ribamidine) and methyl carboximidate 5 have been synthesized. These include the N-cyano (2b), N-alkyl (2c-e), N-amino acid (2f-h), N,N -disubstituted (6, 7a,b), and the N-methylated carboxamide (1f) analogue
Johnson EH; Hinkle Y; Gilbert D; Gant LM; University of Miami, Coral Gables.
One hundred six black males completed a questionnaire concerning attitudes and knowledge about the use of condoms and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Of the 106 males in the study, 27 (26%) reported that they always used condoms, 31 (29%) did not use condoms and had low intentions of using them, and 48 (4
Grace EG; Cohen LA; Ward MA; Department of Oral Health Care Delivery, Baltimore College of; Dental Surgery, University of Maryland 21201.
A telephone survey of 1477 households in Maryland examined the public s attitudes toward physicians and the treatment of AIDS patients. The results indicated that most respondents (86%) want to know their physician s human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and that 65% would change physicians if that physician had a
OBJECTIVE--To describe transmission of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among patients and health care workers (HCWs) in a ward and clinic for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in a hospital, four studies were conducted. METHODS--Case patients and control patients were
Locke SE; Kowaloff HB; Hoff RG; Safran C; Popovsky MA; Cotton DJ; Finkelstein DM; Page PL; Slack WV; Center for Clinical Computing, Boston, MA 02115.
OBJECTIVE--To test the ability of a computer-based interview to detect factors related to the risk of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among potential blood donors and to determine donor reactions to the use of the interview. DESIGN--A comparison of the rate of detection of HIV-related factors elicited by a comp
Klin Med (Mosk). 1992 Mar-Apr;70(3-4):64-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92374506
Volkova KI
The paper presents literature data and a clinical case of a rare disease--a malignant run of pulmonary tuberculosis which developed in a prisoner (male, aged 35) with a suspected pneumocystis pneumonia. A fatal outcome terminated fulminant progression of the disease treated with the use of modern effective antitubercu
Med Clin (Barc). 1992 Jun 27;99(5):161-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92374585
Estebanez P; Sarasqueta C; Fitch K; Zunzunegui V; Contreras G; Valera JM; Palacios V; Najera R; Proyecto de Investigacion Prostitucion y SIDA, Instituto de; Salud Carlos III, Madrid.
BACKGROUND: Many studies in Western countries point to the high prevalence of HIV infection in groups of prostitutes especially among those using intravenous drugs (IVDA). Furthermore, there appears to be a low but increasing number of heterosexually infected prostitutes. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried o
BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to describe the spectrum of liver disease in isolated infection by the human immunodeficiency virus and in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome as well as evaluate whether clinical and/or biological data exist to permit specific diagnosis in liver biopsy. METHODS: Liver b
Domenech M; Tusquets I; Fabregat X; Vadell C; Corominas JM; Knobel H; Servicio de Oncologia Medica, Hospital de l'Esperanca,; Barcelona.
The clinical observation of a 40 years old male presenting acquired immune deficiency syndrome and T-cell non Hodgkin s lymphoma is presented. The patient was treated with COMET-A regimen (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, etoposide and cytarabine) and a complete remission was obtained.
Since July 1986 we started with following all patients with condylomata acuminata including HIV-testing and human papilloma virus (HPV) identification by DNA-DNA-hybridisation (southern blot). Seventy patients are included, 39 of them are seropositive. The ratio male to female is 59 to 11, in seropositives 35 to 4, in
Wakefield AE; Peters SE; Banerji S; Bridge PD; Hall GS; Hawksworth DL; Guiver LA; Allen AG; Hopkin JM; Department of Paediatrics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Pneumocystis carinii causes life-threatening pneumonia in T-lymphocyte-immunodeficient subjects in transplant and oncology units or with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Recent DNA homology studies show P. carinii to be a fungus. To investigate the biology and epidemiology of this parasite further, we elect
Med Phys. 1992 May-Jun;19(3):649-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92374923
Masterson ME; Febo R; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer; Center, New York 10021.
The irradiation of blood before transfusion into immunosuppressed patients is an increasingly common technique used to prevent graft-versus-host disease. A technical procedure is described for the calibration of blood irradiators, including the determination of absolute dose rate and relative dose distribution over th
Savochkina LP; Diachenko LB; Lukin MA; Aleksandrova LA
Substrate properties of dNTP analogues in the DNA synthesis reaction catalyzed by Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase were studied. It was shown that most of dNTP analogues which were known as terminators of DNA synthesis of E. coli DNA polymerase I were able to terminate DNA synthesis catalyzed by Thermus aquaticus DNA
5 -Phosphites (5 -hydrogenphosphonates) of 2 ,3 -dideoxynucleosides (T, A, G, C) were synthesized and studied as inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in MT4 and CEM13 cell cultures. It was shown that all 5 -phosphites effectively inhibit the production of viral antigens and protect cells from the
Valsamakis A; Schek N; Alwine JC; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6142.
Recent in vivo studies have identified specific sequences between 56 and 93 nucleotides upstream of a polyadenylation [poly(A)] consensus sequence, AAUAAA, in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that affect the efficiency of 3 -end processing at this site (A. Valsamakis, S. Zeichner, S. Carswell, and J. C. Alw
Tan TH; Huang GP; Sica A; Ghosh P; Young HA; Longo DL; Rice NR; Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, PRI/DynCorp,; Frederick, Maryland.
The cis-acting control elements of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain (IL-2R alpha) gene contain a potent kappa B-like enhancer whose activity can be induced by various mitogenic stimuli. Recent cloning of the p50 and p65 subunits of the kappa B-binding protein NF-kappa B complex revealed a striking sequence homol
Laskaris G; Potouridou I; Laskaris M; Stratigos J; Department of Dermatology, Adreas Syngros Hospital, Medical; School, University of Athens, Greece.
One hundred seventy-eight HIV-infected Greek patients were examined and the gingival lesions were recorded. At the time of oral examination, 77 patients were HIV positive, 53 had ARC, and 48 had AIDS. The mean age of the patients was 36.6 years; 158 were men and 20 were women. Fifteen different gingival lesions were r
Balsam D; Sorrano D; Barax C; Nassau County Medical Center, East Meadow, New York.
Invasive laryngeal candidiasis is an uncommon cause of epiglottitis, seen most often in immunocompromised or antibiotic-treated patients. We present the clinical and radiographic findings in an HIV-infected infant who developed significant stridor due to candidal epiglottitis. Stridor or hoarseness of unknown cause in
Burstein Y; Rashbaum WK; Hatch WC; Calvelli T; Golodner M; Soeiro R; Lyman WD; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10461.
In the majority of adult and pediatric patients with AIDS, hematologic abnormalities including leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia are commonly observed. In addition to these findings, changes in hematopoietic progenitor cells occur, including a reduction of multipotential-forming units, granulocyte-macrophages,
Matthews JR; Wakasugi N; Virelizier JL; Yodoi J; Hay RT; Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of; Biological and Medical Sciences, University of St Andrews, Fife,; UK.
A role for redox regulation in activation of the NF-kappa B transcription factor was suggested by the observation that DNA binding activity of free protein, but not preformed DNA-protein complex, is inhibited by -SH modifying agents but enhanced by reducing agents. Mutagenesis of conserved cysteine residues in the p50
Vickers TA; Ecker DJ; ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA 92008.
The pol gene of all retroviruses is expressed as a gag-pol fusion protein which is proteolytically processed to produce all viral enzymes. In the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the gag and pol genes overlap by 241 nucleotides with pol in the -1 phase with respect to gag. The gag-pol fusion is produced via a -1 ri
La Mantia G; Majello B; Di Cristofano A; Strazzullo M; Minchiotti G; Lania L; Department of Genetics, University of Naples, Italy.
ERV9 is a low repeated family of human endogenous retroviral elements whose expression is mainly detectable in undifferentiated embryonal carcinoma NT2/D1 cells. In this report we have analyzed the minimal promoter region located within the ERV9 LTR. Using the transient CAT expression assay we have identified the mini
Giovannangeli C; Thuong NT; Helene C; Laboratoire de Biophysique, Museum National d'Histoire; Naturelle, INSERM U 201, CNRS UA 481, Paris, France.
The HIV proviral genome contains two copies of a 16 bp homopurine.homopyrimidine sequence which overlaps the recognition and cleavage site of the Dra I restriction enzyme. Psoralen was attached to the 16-mer homopyrimidine oligonucleotide, d5 (TTTTCT-TTTCCCCCCT)3 , which forms a triple helix with this HIV proviral seq
Rosenberg ZS; Joffe SA; Itescu S; Department of Radiology, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York,; NY 10003.
The authors retrospectively reviewed 45 gallium-67 citrate scans of 28 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Abnormal salivary gland radiotracer activity was seen in 13 patients with diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS), five patients with undifferentiated salivary gland disease
Goodman PC; Schnapp LM; Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
The chest radiographs obtained in nine patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and pulmonary toxoplasmosis were reviewed. In three patients, a bilateral, diffuse, fine to medium reticulonodular pattern indistinguishable from that seen in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was observed. In six patient
Radiol Med (Torino). 1992 Jul-Aug;84(1-2):59-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376300
Diotallevi P; Montella F; Di Sora F; Iacopini G; Simili C; Ospedale San Giovanni in Laterano, Roma.
This study was aimed at assessing the sensitivity of double-contrast esophagography in diagnosing Candida esophagitis. This condition accounts for 85% of all esophageal infections in the subjects suffering from AIDS. Thirty-nine HIV+ patients were evaluated: 19 of them had endoscopic diagnosis of Candida esophagitis.
Rev Mal Respir. 1992;9(4):425-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376354
Escamilla R; Pecoul J; Hermant C; Besombes JP; Krempf M; Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse.
Both intravenous drug addiction (IVDA) and HIV infection can involve respiratory system. So, we have studied pulmonary function in 107 heroin abusers during deprivation to clarify the extent of these two factors respectively. Two groups were separated: 50 subjects without HIV infection (HIV-) and 57 seropositive subje
Rev Mal Respir. 1992;9(4):464-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376359
Dautzenberg B; Antoun F; Truffot C; Service de Pneumologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere,; Paris.
A man with AIDS and M. kansasii lung infection received rifampicin and isoniazid for 9 months, combined with ethambutol for four months. The treatment was effective with sputum culture negativation, but relapse occurred. The minimal inhibitory concentration of rifampicin for the M. kansasii strain was respectively 0.2
Smith E; Mathiesen L; Skinhoj P; Seefeldt T; Isager H; Department of Epidemiology, Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
We present a follow-up study on Danish AIDS patients notified according to the latest revision of the AIDS case definition during the first 2 years after its adoption. A total of 271 adult AIDS cases were notified in the period of study (Jan. 1, 1988-Dec. 31, 1989). 60 patients (22%) met only the revised AIDS case def
Orholm M; Nielsen TL; Holten-Andersen W; Lester A; Kolmos HJ; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre Hospital,; University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the amount of Pneumocystis carinii organisms found at fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB) performed on HIV-positive patients correlated to the character of the P. carinii pneumonia (PCP). A consecutive series of 105 patients presented with 131 episodes of pulmonary symptoms requi
Bedos JP; Hignette C; Lucet JC; Kilani B; Casalino E; Wolff M; Matheron S; Leport C; Vachon F; Department of Infectious and Intensive Care Medicine, Hopital; Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
Serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured in 43 consecutive patients with HIV-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). The subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the severity of the PCP:PaO2 in ambient air (AA) less than or equal to 50 mmHg on admission (n = 22, group 1) and P
Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1055-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376520
Bloom BR; Murray CJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.
Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death in the world from a single infectious disease, although there is little knowledge of the mechanisms of its pathogenesis and protection from it. After a century of decline in the United States , tuberculosis is increasing, and strains resis
Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1073-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M95929
Krause RM; Fogarty International Center for Advanced Study in the Health; Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Viruses and bacteria emerge in new and old forms to cause disease epidemics. Some microorganisms recur when changing life-styles (including increased international travel) offer new opportunities; others arise from new genetic variations. These various epidemics connect the future with the past, offering lessons for g
Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1078-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376523
Kuntz ID; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy,; University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Most drugs have been discovered in random screens or by exploiting information about macromolecular receptors. One source of this information is in the structures of critical proteins and nucleic acids. The structure-based approach to design couples this information with specialized computer programs to propose novel
Capone M; Frea B; Carmignani G; Istituto di Clinica Urologica, Universita di Trieste.
Despite the genitourinary system is prone to infections by the Human Virus of Immunodeficiency, so far poor interest has been focused on urological manifestations of AIDS. We thoroughly reviewed the Literature and examined the different patterns of HIV infections on the kidneys, the prostate and the testes. An extensi
Demetri GD; Antman KH; Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115.
In conclusion, hematopoietic growth factors have been shown to enhance the recovery and function of circulating WBCs after standard-dose cancer therapy or high-dose cancer therapy with ABMT, and preliminary data strongly suggests that these agents may have the ability to restore leukocyte numbers and competence in AID
Compared with both industrialized countries and other less developed parts of the world, most of sub-Saharan Africa suffers inordinately from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). It has high prevalence rates of traditional STDs, such as gonorrhea and syphilis, and if accurate seroprevalence surveys were to be done, i
S Afr Med J. 1992 Aug;82(2):86-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376669
Friedland IR; Klugman KP; Karstaedt AS; Patel J; McIntyre JA; Allwood CW; Department of Paediatrics, Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg.
This four-part series describes the experience with HIV infection at Baragwanath Hospital to December 1990. In this first part we give an overview of the emergence of this disease and of its impact on the hospital. From July 1988 to December 1990, 426 HIV-positive individuals were identified: 58 were women identified
S Afr Med J. 1992 Aug;82(2):90-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376670
Friedland IR; McIntyre JA; Department of Paediatrics, Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg.
By the end of 1990, 51 symptomatic children with perinatally acquired HIV infection had been admitted to Baragwanath Hospital. Of 42 children who were followed up for at least 3 months, 15 (35.7%) died and 16 (38.1%) were lost to follow-up. The case fatality rate for these children lies between 35.7% and 73.8%. Most c
S Afr Med J. 1992 Aug;82(2):95-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376671
Karstaedt AS; Department of Medicine, Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg.
By December 1990, 181 HIV-positive black adults had been seen in the medical wards and HIV clinic at Baragwanath Hospital. Fifty per cent were in the late stage of HIV infection; 34% of those so diagnosed in 1990 have died. Equal numbers of both sexes have been seen. Their ages have ranged from 16 years to 66 years, w
S Afr Med J. 1992 Aug;82(2):98-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376672
Allwood CW; Friedland IR; Karstaedt AS; McIntyre JA; Department of Psychiatry, Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg.
This fourth part of the series describes the setting up of counselling for HIV-positive patients in response to the need at Baragwanath Hospital. Nurse counsellors were trained and supervised. The work, extending over 2 1/2 years, raised a number of issues for patient care and also for wider community education. Brief
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1992 Jun 10;112(15):1981-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376820
Skretting A; Statens institutt for alkohol- og narkotikaforskning, Oslo.
Data are taken from a study of 1,765 arrested intravenous drug users at the Oslo Central Police Station. Intravenous drug users in Oslo seem to get themselves tested for HIV regularly. In 1990-91 the average number of HIV-tests was 5.3, and the time since last test was, an average, between eight and nine months. Most
Morganti-Kossmann MC; Kossmann T; Wahl SM; Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Inflammatory processes in the brain require the cooperation of immunocompetent cells and glial cells, which communicate by secreting bidirectional mediators. Resident cells within the nervous system can synthesize and secrete inflammatory cytokines, as well as neuropeptides, contributing to the response within the CNS
Ugeskr Laeger. 1992 Aug 3;154(32):2191-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376977
Hedegaard M; Foldspang A; Petersen J; Secher NJ; Black FT; Gynaekologisk-obstetrisk afdeling, Arhus Kommunehospital.
This investigation is based upon information from 820 pregnant women who replied to a questionnaire about AIDS during the period 17.4.1989-14.7.1989. The questions included sources of information, knowledge about routes of infection and risk groups and the extent of spread of infection and disease in the population. 9
Ugeskr Laeger. 1992 Aug 3;154(32):2196-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92376978
Smith E; Melbye M; Epidemiologisk afdeling, Statens Seruminstitut, Kobenhavn.
During the period 1. Aug. 1990 to 31. July 1991, a total of 87,779 HIV-tests were carried out in Denmark on individuals other than blood donors according to the laboratory notification system. Of these 853 were HIV-positive which co
The seroepidemiological survey of 400,000 persons aged 20-40 years and belonging to different AIDS risk groups, as well as blood donors, for the presence of antibodies to HIV has been carried out on the territory of Lithuania . This
Izumo S; Ijichi T; Higuchi I; Tashiro A; Takahashi K; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
A neuropathological analysis was performed in two autopsy cases of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. The thoracic spinal cords were most severely affected and the histopathological findings consisted of mononuclear cell infiltration, marked destruction of myelin and axons and astrocytic gliosis. More than half the infiltr
Ushijima H; Abe T; Department of Enteroviruses, National Institute of Health, Tokyo,; Japan.
We established persistent infection with a strain of human immunodeficiency type 1, HTLV-IIIB, in a ++promyelo-monocytic cell line, ML-1 (CD4 antigen nearly negative and CD4 mRNA negative), and a promonocytic cell line, THP-1 (CD4 antigen positive). Different reactions of giant cell formation were found after cocultiv
Valle Gerhold J; Monzon Alebesque F; Lopez Lopez JA; Servicio de Urologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Zaragoza.
Presentation of one case of renal mycosis by Aspergillus as a primary complication in one patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The importance of conservative treatment at all costs through percutaneous drainage is underlined, specially if we considered the short life expectancy of patients who ha
Gelabert Mas A; Arango O; Bielsa O; Llado C; Servicio de Urologia, Hospital Universitari del Mar, Facultad de; Medicina, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona.
The prevalence of renal and perinephritic abscesses has radically changed over the last few decades basically due to two causes: the efficacy of antibiotics and early diagnosis by echography and/or CAT. Between January 1986 and December 1990, 12 cases of renal abscesses have been diagnoses in our Unit which have been
Hewitt DJ; Peddecord KM; Francis DP; Benenson AS; Hofherr LK; Ferran KL; Garfein RS; Gerber AR; Laboratory Assurance Program, Graduate School of Public Health,; San Diego State University, California 92182-0405.
In a pilot study involving proficiency testing for human immunodeficiency virus, markedly diverse and potentially confusing test report forms were encountered among participating laboratories. Therefore, a comprehensive study of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 report forms was conducted from state-licensed testing
Brady MT; Cuartas JF; Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Columbus.
We attempted to determine the occurrence of transfusion-acquired HIV-1 infection in multiply-transfused pediatric oncology patients receiving blood products prior to donor HIV antibody screening in March 1985. We identified 85 multiply-transfused pediatric oncology patients (initially HIV-1 antibody negative) who had
Orlow SJ; Kamino H; Lawrence RL; Department of Dermatology, New York University School of; Medicine, New York.
The case of 17-year-old boy with thalassemia major who contracted the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through multiple transfusions is described. Eight years after the onset of generalized lymphadenopathy, and 5 years after the documentation of HIV infection on serologic grounds, he developed the first of multiple,
Balzarini J; Perez-Perez MJ; San-Felix A; Velazquez S; Camarasa MJ; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
The [2 ,5 -bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)]-3 -spiro-5 -(4 -amino- 1 ,2 -oxathiole-2 ,2 -dioxide) (TSAO) derivatives of ribofuranosylthymine, uridine, 5-bromouridine, 5-methylcytidine, inosine, and adenosine are potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) but not of other retro
Herrmann JL; Lagrange PH; Laboratoire Central de Microbiologie, Hotel-Dieu de Paris,; France.
The antibacterial effect of zidovudine ( AZT ) has been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo with experimental models of gram-negative bacterial infections. It has been associated with the absence or low occurrence of nontyphoid Salmonella infections
Medina DJ; Hsiung GD; Mellors JW; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
In studies examining potential interactions between ganciclovir (GCV) and either zidovudine ( AZT ) or didanosine (DDI) in H9 cells, GCV was found to consistently reduce the anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 potency of both AZT and DDI. In the pr
McLeod GX; McGrath JM; Ladd EA; Hammer SM; Department of Medicine, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Reports of in vitro resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to zidovudine ( AZT ) have raised concerns about the development of resistance to other dideoxynucleosides in clinical use. To address this, we have developed a screening assa
C2 symmetry-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors were examined in vitro as single agents or in combination with 3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine ( AZT ) or 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine
Lambert DM; Petteway SR Jr; McDanal CE; Hart TK; Leary JJ; Dreyer GB; Meek TD; Bugelski PJ; Bolognesi DP; Metcalf BW; et al; Department of Anti-Infectives, SmithKline Beecham; Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
Synthetic peptide analog inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease were used to study the effects of inhibition of polyprotein processing on the assembly, structure, and infectivity of virions released from a T-cell line chronically infected with HIV-1. Inhibition of proteolytic processing of
Singlas E; Taburet AM; Borsa Lebas F; Parent de Curzon O; Sobel A; Chauveau P; Viron B; al Khayat R; Poignet JL; Mignon F; et al; Hopital Universitaire Bicetre, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France.
The pharmacokinetics of didanosine were investigated following oral administration of a single 375-mg dose to eight human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with normal renal function and eight human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive uremic patients. In uremic patients, the plasma half-life was longer than
Ann Thorac Surg. 1992 Sep;54(3):552-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92378367
Brau N; Esposito RA; Simberkoff MS; Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Veterans Affairs; Medical Center, New York, New York 10010.
Major surgical procedures, especially when performed under general anesthesia, can depress immunological parameters measured in vitro. Therefore concern has been expressed that operation might have an adverse effect on the immune status of individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Four HIV-posi
Cancer Surv. 1992;12:25-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92346614
Polakis P; McCormick F; Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608.
Two proteins that regulate p21ras GTPase activity have been identified. These proteins interact with a region of ras p21 that is necessary for p21ras function and may themselves be components of signalling complexes. The first of these proteins to be identified, GAP, contains domains that interact with receptor tyrosi
Nitta T; Yagita H; Sato K; Okumura K; Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University School of; Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Astrocytes have been regarded as the matrix of the central nervous system and as nutritional, metabolic support to neurons. Recently, immunological roles of astrocytes have been reported, especially in multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalitis. One observation shows that human glioma cells, which lack
Gulliya KS; Chanh T; Harriman A; Aronoff BL; Matthews JL; Baylor University Medical Center, Baylor Research Institute,; Dallas, Texas 75226.
Controlled exposure of photoactive compounds to light prior to their use in biological targets results in the formation of heretofore unknown photoproducts. This process of photoproduct generation, termed preactivation, renders the photoactive compound capable of systemic use without further dependence on light. We ha
Layne SP; Merges MJ; Dembo M; Spouge JL; Conley SR; Moore JP; Raina JL; Renz H; Gelderblom HR; Nara PL; Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico; 87545.
To determine the factors governing inactivation and neutralization, physical, chemical, and biological assays were performed on a molecular clone of human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1HXB3). This included quantitative electron microscopy, gp120 and p24 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, reverse, transcriptase assays
Richards SJ; Scott CS; Cole JC; Gooi HC; Yorkshire Leukaemia Diagnostic Unit, Department of Haematology,; Cookridge Hospital, Leeds.
This study has investigated the patterns of membrane 2H4 (CD45RA) and UCHL1 (CD45RO) expression by CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subpopulations in 10 adults and seven children with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) and X-linked hypogammaglobulinaemia (XLA). Of the 10 adults (CVI, n = 8; XLA, n = 2), only one with a di
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):7070-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92357773
Zhao LJ; Giam CZ; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of; Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106.
HTLV-I Tax protein activates transcription from three 21-base-pair (bp) repeat sequences in the viral enhancer. The HTLV-I 21-bp repeat contains a TGACGT motif that is homologous to the cAMP-responsive element (CRE) and crucial for tax transactivation. Tax exhibits marginal affinity for DNA but rather interacts with c
Bwanahali K; Dikilu K; Kilesi M; Kapita B; Service de Rhumatologie, Hopital Mama Yemo, Kinshasa, Zaire.
A study over a period of 27 consecutive months showed that among patients seen in a Kinshasa hospital outpatient clinic for rheumatologic diseases, 46.5% sought medical advice for lower back pain. Lumbar arthrosis (74.5%), spondylodiscitis (9.5%) and unilateral sacroiliitis (9%) were the main causes of this complaint.
Martin A; Heyes MP; Salazar AM; Kampen DL; Williams J; Law WA; Coats ME; Markey SP; Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Neuropsychological functioning and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of an endogenous neurotoxin, quinolinic acid (QUIN) were evaluated in 52 HIV-positive individuals (71% without constitutional symptoms) and 33 HIV-seronegative controls (including 15 psychiatric patients with adjustment disorders). Although the HIV-
Yajko DM; Nassos PS; Sanders CA; Gonzalez PC; Hadley WK; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco General Hospital 94110.
The intracellular activities of clarithromycin and erythromycin, alone and in combination with other antimicrobial agents, were tested against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) strains inside mouse J774 cells and inside alveolar macrophages obtained from human immunodeficiency type 1-infected individuals. Clarithromyc
de Lalla F; Maserati R; Scarpellini P; Marone P; Nicolin R; Caccamo F; Rigoli R; Department of Infectious Diseases, S. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza,; Italy.
A combination of clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare bacteremia was evaluated in 12 AIDS patients. Mycobacteremia cleared in all patients by 2 to 8 weeks of treatment, and symptoms resolved. Four patients died; all had negative blood culture
Ann Neurol. 1992 Jul;32(1):11-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352216
Tardieu M; Hery C; Peudenier S; Boespflug O; Montagnier L; Laboratoire de Neurovirologie, INSERM Unite 56, Hopital; Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.
Primary cultures of human embryonic neurons and astrocytes have been used to test the interactions between neural cells and either human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) or HIV-1-infected monocytes. After direct infection with HIV-1, neither morphological alteration of neurons and astrocytes nor signs of viral re
Ann Hematol. 1992 Jun;64 Suppl:A140-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92345433
Muller CA; Einsele H; Sektion Transplantationsimmunologie und Immunhamatologie, Abt.; II, Med. Univ.-Klinik und Poliklinik, Tubingen, Federal Republic; of Germany.
HCMV infection diagnosed by the highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology in blood, urine and skin biopsies of patients after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) correlated with the reconstitution of peripheral blood lymphocytes and dermal immunohistological alterations to evaluate the interaction of v
Ann Hematol. 1992 Jun;64 Suppl:A162-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92345438
Gratama JW; Oosterveer MA; Lepoutre J; Fibbe WE; Ringden O; Vossen JM; Willemze R; Bolhuis RL; van Rood JJ; Ernberg I; Department of Immunohematology and Blood Bank, University; Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands.
The relationship between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the host is profoundly disturbed by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) because EBV resides in the recipient s hematopoietic system, which has to be destroyed in the majority of cases, and in the donor s hematopoietic system, i.e., the marrow graft. We hav
Piette JD; Intrator O; Zierler S; Mor V; Stein MD; Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Brown; University, Providence, RI.
We illustrate an analysis with classification and regression trees applied to survival data. Through this application, we provide a description of the opportunistic diseases and sociodemographic factors that contribute to survival among people with human immunodeficiency virus disease. The analyses are based on 43,795
Blood. 1992 Aug 1;80(3):724-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92345608
Pang Y; Norihisa Y; Benjamin D; Kantor RR; Young HA; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, BRMP, NCI-FCRDC,; Frederick, MD 21702-1201.
Human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is an important immunomodulatory protein produced predominantly by T cells and large granular lymphocytes (LGLs). Whereas large amounts of data have been accumulated regarding IFN gamma gene expression in these two cell types, little information about IFN gamma expression in other ce
Comprehensive serological and virological monitoring for bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus was applied in a dairy herd. Out of 83 calves 26 persistently infected animals were identified. Four viremic calves showed clinical signs of disease, the others displayed no symptoms. Viral isolates from persistently infected a
EMBO J. 1992 Aug;11(8):3053-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92347341
Lewis P; Hensel M; Emerman M; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle.
Cell proliferation is necessary for proviral integration and productive infection of most retroviruses. Nevertheless, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can infect non-dividing macrophages. This ability to grow in non-dividing cells is not specific to macrophages because, as we show here, CD4+ HeLa cells arrested
A retrospective study of the results of 12,549 agar gel immunodiffusion tests for bovine leukemia virus, conducted on 1,296 dairy bulls over an 8-year period, was performed to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the test. The number of tests performed on each bull ranged from 5 to 35, with a mean of 9.7 tests
Presse Med. 1992 May 23;21(19):895-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92350750
Moulignier A; Mikol J; Thiebaut JB; Eliaszewicz M; Meyohas MC; Frottier J; Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hopital; Saint-Antoine, Paris.
A new case of supratentorial malignant glioma is reported in an HIV-1 infected male homosexual. Tumours of the nervous system account for only 5 to 10 percent of neurological complications of AIDS, and most of them are lymphomas or metastases from Kaposi s sarcomas. In fact, HIV-1 is a neurotropic lentivirus, not tran
Presse Med. 1992 May 30;21(20):937-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92350762
Eloy O; Joly V; Ghnassia JC; Carbon C; Yeni P; Service de Microbiologie, Hopital A. Mignot, Centre hospitalier; de Versailles, Le Chesnay.
Systemic fungal infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. New antifungal agents, such as triazoles, are now available, and the place of in vitro tests has to be discussed. It has been shown that interlaboratory reproducibility of in vitro susceptibility tests agains
Shimizu H; Hasebe F; Tsuchie H; Morikawa S; Ushijima H; Kitamura T; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
We have recently reported the isolation of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), KB-1gp32 carrying a shorter size (32 kDa) of transmembrane glycoprotein (TMP) from TALL-1 cells persistently infected with KB-1gp41 virus strain (Shimizu et al., 1990a). Endoglycosidase treatments showed that the different size o
Am J Ophthalmol. 1992 Aug 15;114(2):130-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92351995
Cochereau-Massin I; LeHoang P; Lautier-Frau M; Zerdoun E; Zazoun L; Robinet M; Marcel P; Girard B; Katlama C; Leport C; et al; Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris,; France.
The files of 45 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with ocular toxoplasmosis were reviewed, with a median follow-up of eight months. The condition was unilateral in 37 of the 45 patients (82%) and was bilateral in eight (18%). Inflammation of the anterior chamber and the vitreous was present in 32 of 53 ey
Perno CF; Yarchoan R; Balzarini J; Bergamini A; Milanese G; Pauwels R; De Clercq E; Rocchi G; Calio R; Chair of Virology, Department of Experimental Medicine and; Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Italy.
Monocyte/macrophages (M/M) are important targets for HIV in the body, and represent the majority of cells infected by the virus in some body compartments such as the central nervous system (CNS). M/M can be different from T-lymphocytes in terms of surface antigens, cell replication and drug metabolism. Thus, we evalua
Volsky DJ; Li G; Hamblet N; Volsky B; Decker RS; Pellegrino MG; Potash MJ; Molecular Virology Laboratory, St Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital; Center, New York, NY.
Evaluation of the activities of antiretroviral agents and an immunoregulatory compound has been made using two models of HIV-1 infection and three measurements of virus expression. Acute infection of Jurkat cells or chronic/inducible infection in U1.1 cells was monitored at multiple time points after drug treatment. T
Kawaguchi Y; Maeda K; Tohya Y; Furuya T; Miyazawa T; Horimoto T; Norimine J; Kai C; Mikami T; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture,; University of Tokyo, Japan.
The susceptibility of early-passage feline brain cells and Crandell feline kidney (CRFK) cells to infection with three isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was investigated. The Petaluma strain of FIV could well infect both the feline brain cells and CRFK cells. The KYO-1 strain could well infect the feline
Schinazi RF; Peck A; Sommadossi JP; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033.
Various nucleoside antiviral agents and their metabolites were examined for their ability to be cleaved across the glycosidic bond by Escherichia coli thymidine phosphorylase. The increasing order of susceptibility to cleavage was U greater than T much greater than C derivatives. Nucleosides that were unsaturated in t
AIDS Educ Prev. 1992 Summer;4(2):108-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92352892
McCusker J; Stoddard AM; Koblin BA; Sullivan J; Lewis BF; Sereti SM; School of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Time trends in needle sharing and bleach use were examined among needle users enrolled at drug abuse treatment and nontreatment sites in greater Worcester, MA, from 1987 through 1989. Substantial declines in high-risk behavior were found, with different trends at drug treatment versus nontreatment sites. The percentag
J Vet Med Sci. 1992 Jun;54(3):517-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92353240
Ohno K; Watari T; Goitsuka R; Tsujimoto H; Hasegawa A; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of; Agriculture, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Expression of CD4, CD8, IL-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2R alpha), and MHC class II (MHC-II) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells were examined in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). CD4/CD8 T cell ratio in FIV-infected cats was slightly decreased, a
Dragomir D; Popescu V; Clinica de Pediatrie, Spital Clinic Sf.Pantelimon.
The authors analyse the frequency, the significance for prognosis and the localisation of the neuropsychological manifestation concerning the steps of evolution of the HIV infection in children. The pathogenetic aspects, the principal histopathological lesions and clinical corresponding aspects are also presented. The
Chen H; Pesce AM; Carbonari M; Ensoli F; Cherchi M; Campitelli G; Sbarigia D; Luzi G; Aiuti F; Fiorilli M; Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
To evaluate a possible role for Human Herpesvirus-type 6 (HHV-6) coinfection as a co-factor in the progression of HIV-1 disease, we investigated the prevalence of seropositivity for HHV-6 in a cohort of HIV-1 infected patients. These patients were retrospectively divided into two groups according to the decline of CD4
Musiani M; Zerbini M; Gentilomi G; Gibellini D; Gallinella G; Venturoli S; La Placa M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Bologna, Italy.
A sensitive chemiluminescence dot-blot hybridization assay for the detection of CMV DNA in clinical samples of AIDS patients is described. In the chemiluminescence hybridization assay, digoxigenin-labelled CMV DNA probes were used and when hybridized they were d
Miller KE; Krol RA; Losh DP; Department of Family Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus; 43210.
BACKGROUND. The risk of occupational exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be one of the important issues facing family physicians in the 1990s. The use of universal precautions has been shown to reduce the incidence of exposures to bloodborne pathogens. Studies indicate, however, that these guideline
Inaguma Y; Yoshida T; Ikeda H; Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center; Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
The Fv-4 resistance (Fv-4r) gene is a truncated endogenous murine leukaemia virus (MuLV) containing a 3 portion of pol, the entire env gene and the 3 long terminal repeat. Env expression renders mice resistant to infection by ecotropic MuLVs, probably via receptor interference. Previous studies have suggested that t
Wang W; Lown JW; Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Five groups of lexitropsin oligopeptides have been synthesized that are structurally related to the natural antiviral agents netropsin and distamycin and bearing two such moieties joined by flexible or rigid linkers. Inhibitory activity of these types of agents against murine leukemia retrovirus (MuLV) led to an evalu
Gevaudan MJ; Bollet C; Mallet MN; de Lamballerie X; Sambuc R; de Micco P; Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hopital Salvator, Marseille.
Activity of the new fluoroquinolone sparfloxacin against 30 strains of M. avium complex and 25 strains of M. xenopi was tested in vitro. Sparfloxacin was used alone (determination of MICs and MBCs) and in combination with ethambutol and rifabutin. Synergy studies with determination of the FIC and FBC indices showed th
Mod Pathol. 1992 May;5(3):277-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92357654
Nadasdy T; Miller KW; Johnson LD; Hanson-Painton O; DeBault LE; Burns DK; Hawkins E; Silva FG; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences; Center, Oklahoma City.
Although it has been suggested that cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection of the kidney might facilitate the development of human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) or other morphologic renal changes in patients
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):7046-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92357768
Sturzl M; Roth WK; Brockmeyer NH; Zietz C; Speiser B; Hofschneider PH; Max-Planck-Institut fur Biochemie, Abteilung Virusforschung,; Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany.
As previously described, proliferation of Kaposi sarcoma (KS)-derived cells in vitro is dependent on the presence of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). To test the hypothesis that PDGF may also be a major growth factor for KS cells in vivo, we performed in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining for PD
Am J Pathol. 1992 Aug;141(2):441-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92359243
Morgello S; Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Mount Sinai Medical; Center, New York, New York 10029.
The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma was examined. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extracted from 12 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors was used as substrate for the polymer
Am J Vet Res. 1992 Jul;53(7):1133-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92359341
Egberink HF; Keldermans CE; Koolen MJ; Horzinek MC; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of; Veterinary Medicine, State University of Utrecht, The; Netherlands.
Sera from cats with naturally acquired and experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infections were tested by immunoblot analysis, radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA), and a complex trapping/blocking ELISA. In sequentially obtained samples from experimentally inoculated cats, antibodies against the
Levine PH; Jacobson S; Pocinki AG; Cheney P; Peterson D; Connelly RR; Weil R; Robinson SM; Ablashi DV; Salahuddin SZ; et al; Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
BACKGROUND. The purpose of this study is to provide a case definition of chronic fatigue syndrome in an outbreak occurring in the Nevada-California region to evaluate candidate etiologic agents and observe the natural history of the illness. METHODS. Patients diagnosed as having chronic fatigue syndrome were studied b
Critchlow CW; Holmes KK; Wood R; Krueger L; Dunphy C; Vernon DA; Daling JR; Kiviat NB; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle; 98195.
BACKGROUND--A previous study of men with proctitis, proctocolitis, or enteritis showed an association of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Because anorectal abnormalities may confound an observed association between anal HPV DNA and HIV seropositivity, the pre
Nadasdy T; Park CS; Peiper SC; Wenzl JE; Oates J; Silva FG; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City; 73190.
There are only a few reports of renal disease associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The diagnosis of EBV infection in these previously reported patients was based primarily on positive serology. Two patients with renal disease who, despite repeatedly negative serologies, were shown by molecular hybridiza
Hierholzer JC; Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Branch, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Adenoviruses are among the many pathogens and opportunistic agents that cause serious infection in the congenitally immunocompromised, in patients undergoing immunosuppressive treatment for organ and tissue transplants and for cancers, and in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Adenovirus infections in the
Cohen LA; Grace EG; Ward MA; Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, Dental School, University of; Maryland.
This study was conducted to examine the impact on the public of a report from the Centers for Disease Control of the possible transmission of AIDS from a Florida dentist to his patient. Differences in the findings between two identical telephone surveys conducted approximately five months apart are reported. The secon
Wilcox CM; Forsmark CE; Darragh TM; Yen TS; Cello JP; Gastroenterology Division, San Francisco General Hospital,; California.
Peritonitis has been reported infrequently in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Intestinal or colonic perforation resulting from cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) enteritis is the most common cause of peritonit
Poli A; Giannelli C; Pistello M; Zaccaro L; Pieracci D; Bendinelli M; Malvaldi G; Department of Animal Pathology, University of Pisa, Italy.
The saliva of cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus was examined for total immunoglobulin content and antiviral antibodies. Seropositive cats showed an increase in salivary immunoglobulin G levels, which was only partly attributable to the enhanced prevalence of oral inflammatory lesions, compared with the
Dudley MN; Graham KK; Kaul S; Geletko S; Dunkle L; Browne M; Mayer K; Antiinfective Pharmacology Research Unit, University of Rhode; Island College of Pharmacy, Roger Williams Medical Center,; Providence 02908.
The pharmacokinetics of stavudine ( d4T ; 2 ,3 -didehydro-3 -deoxythymidine) were studied in patients with AIDS-related complex or AIDS enrolled in a dose-ranging phase I/II study. Twenty-two patients were studied after the first oral dose of 0.67, 1.33
Reddy MM; Grieco MH; McKinley GF; Causey DM; van der Horst CM; Parenti DM; Hooton TM; Davis RB; Jacobson MA; AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center,; New York, NY 10019.
Circulating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p24 antigen levels were measured in 22 AIDS patients who had detectable serum antigen at baseline after induction and maintenance therapy of foscarnet for cytomegalovirus retinitis in phase I/II multicenter trials. The HIV p24 antigen
Starting from 3-O-mesyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-allofuranose (9) the anomeric mixtures of the requisite carbohydrates 1,2-di-O-acetyl-6-O-benzoyl-5-deoxy-3-O-mesyl-D-allofuranoses++ + 17A alpha/beta, 1,2-di-O-acetyl-5,6-di-O-benzoyl-3-O-mesyl-D-allofuranoses 17B alpha/beta, and 1,2-di-O-acetyl-5,6-di-O-benzoyl-3-
Okada Y; Suzuki K; Komuro K; Mizuochi T; Department of Blood Products, National Institute of Health,; Tokyo, Japan.
Maternal transmission of a murine leukemia virus (MuLV) mixture named LP-BM5 MuLV, which is knwon to induce murine AIDS (MAIDS), was investigated. Adult female C57BL/10 mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with LP-BM5 MuLV. When the virus-inoculated female mice developed splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy, they were ma
Song W; Collisson EW; Billingsley PM; Brown WC; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University,; College Station 77843-4467.
We have examined the in vitro induction and activity of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-specific cytolytic T cells obtained from cats experimentally infected for 7 to 17 weeks or 20 to 22 months with the Petaluma isolate of FIV. Normal or FIV-infected autologous and allogeneic T lymphoblastoid cells were used as t
Phillips TR; Lamont C; Konings DA; Shacklett BL; Hamson CA; Luciw PA; Elder JH; Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, California 92037.
Spliced messages encoded by two distinct strains of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were identified. Two of the cDNA clones represented mRNAs with bicistronic capacity. The first coding exon contained a short open reading frame (orf) of unknown function, designated orf 2. After a translational stop, this exon cont
Dean GA; Groshek PM; Mullins JI; Hoover EA; Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523.
Feline leukemia viruses (FeLVs) belonging to interference subgroup C induce fatal anemia resembling human pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Subgroup A FeLVs, although closely related genetically to FeLVs of subgroup C, do not induce PRCA. The determinants for PRCA induction by a molecularly cloned prototype subgroup C vir
Kubo Y; Nakagawa Y; Kakimi K; Matsui H; Iwashiro M; Kuribayashi K; Masuda T; Hiai H; Hirama T; Yanagawa S; et al; Department of Viral Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto; University, Japan.
The Duplan strain of murine leukemia virus induces murine AIDS in C57BL/6 mice. When spleen cells from C57BL/6 mice infected with the virus were transplanted into nude mice, subcutaneous solid tumors at the transplanted sites were formed and splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy were induced. These transplantable cells wer
Simpson DM; Olney RK; Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York,; New York.
In the 1990s, HIV has replaced syphilis as the great masquerader. Virtually every level of the neuraxis may be affected in a patient with HIV infection. The superimposition of multiple levels of neuropathology further complicate the bedside neurologic diagnosis of an AIDS patient. This article has reviewed the varie
Benson PJ; Smith CS; Department of Pathology, Hennepin County Medical Center,; Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Tissue demonstration of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) within the male genital tract has rarely been reported. We present a case of extensive CMV prostatitis in a homosexual patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) dyin
Morgan AJ; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medical; Sciences, University of Bristol, UK.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human viral pathogen of considerable importance. More than 95% of the human population world-wide becomes infected with the virus during childhood, although in the West infection may be delayed until adolescence. The infection only has an undesirable significant clinical outcome in a tiny
Talal N; Flescher E; Dang H; Clinical Immunology Section, Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans; Hospital, San Antonio, TX.
A role for viruses in the etiopathogenesis of human autoimmune diseases has long been suspected but has not yet been proven. In Sjogren s syndrome (SS), there is continuing experimental support for the possible involvement of Epstein-Barr virus. Since the advent of AIDS, there is also great interest in retroviruses an
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):997-1011. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368743
Ruprecht RM; Koch JA; Sharma PL; Armany RS; Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA.
Murine models with type C murine leukemia viruses have been used to develop major new prophylactic and therapeutic strategies in vaccination, drug therapy of acute virus exposure and chronic viremia, combination therapy , prevention of maternal transmission, and therapy
Ann Pharmacother. 1992 Jul-Aug;26(7-8):955-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92369575
Fletcher CV; Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University; of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
OBJECTIVE: To discuss strategies available for the treatment of herpesvirus infections in individuals infected with HIV. DATA SOURCES: Information was obtained from controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials, abstracts, conference proceedings, and review articles. STUDY SELECTION: Emphasis was placed on controlled in
Linenberger ML; Abkowitz JL; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Marrow stromal fibroblasts (FBs) likely play an important role in the regulation of hematopoiesis within the marrow microenvironment. Infection of these cells by feline leukemia virus (FeLV) might not only contribute to the pathogenesis of FeLV-induced hematologic diseases, but could provide a reservoir for virus in t
Combination antiretroviral therapy is an important development in the management of HIV infection. AZT with ddC is the first such combination to be approved for clinical use. Several
The three approved nucleoside analogues are fairly well tolerated, and only a few patients have to discontinue therapy permanently. However, because clinical experience is limited, especially with ddI and ddC , delayed toxicities are likely to emerge o
At present, the nucleoside analogues are the cornerstone of therapy for HIV infection. Of the three that have been approved for clinical use, AZT is the only one that has clearly proved to prolong survival. ddI is indicated for patients who develop to
Madinier I; Doglio A; Cagnon L; Lefebvre JC; Monteil RA; Laboratoire de Pathobiologie Orale, Faculte de Chirurgie; Dentaire, Universite de Nice Sophia Antipolis, France.
The highly sensitive and specific methods of molecular biology emphasize the frequency of subclinical infections in the genital tract tissues by the human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The purpose of this work was to investigate occult viral infections by the HPV type 6, 11, 16, and 18 in the gingival tissues. The Southern
J Med Chem. 1992 Aug 21;35(17):3223-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92373731
Van Maarseveen JH; Hermkens PH; De Clercq E; Balzarini J; Scheeren HW; Kruse CG; Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Nijmegen, The; Netherlands.
The in vitro antiviral and antitumor activities of (-)-debromoeudistomin K (1a) and 10 structural analogues (1b-1j and 11) were evaluated. The synthesis was accomplished with an intramolecular Pictet-Spengler condensation reaction as the key step. This examination revealed some structural and stereochemical features t
Lozano de Leon F; Iglesias C; Lucio-Villegas ME; Lozano MC; Corzo JE; Martin-Mazuelos E; Garcia-Bragado F; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas (Servicio de Medicina; Interna), Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla.
BACKGROUND: The human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) may be a cofactor of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). However, there are discrepancies with respect to the possible epidemiological relation between both viruses. The aim of the present study was to study the prevalence of infection by the HHV-6
Ficarra G; Panzoni E; Piluso S; Pierleoni F; Adler-Storthz K; Istituto di Odonto-Gnato-Stomatologia, Universita degli Studi di; Firenze.
We report on a HIV-positive patient presenting bilateral enlargement of the parotid gland. The ultrasound examination demonstrated multiple lesions with cystic aspect. A partial surgical excision of the parotid gland was performed, and histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of a cystic benign lymphoepithelial
O'Brien TR; George JR; Epstein JS; Holmberg SD; Schochetman G
The Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) has recommended that all donated blood be screened for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) beginning no later than June 1, 1992. This article provides CDC recommendations for the diagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections in pe
Herzberg NH; Zorn I; Zwart R; Portegies P; Bolhuis PA; Department of Neurology, Academical Medical Center, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Zidovudine-induced mitochondrial myopathy in AIDS patients reported recently might be due to inhibition of mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma. We investigated the effect of zidovudine on proliferation, differentiation, activity of mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded enzymes, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), in cultured h
Plona RP; Schremp PS; University Hospitals of Cleveland.
With the rising incidence of AIDS in the United States , a larger number of patients with HIV-related infectious and noninfectious ocular conditions will inevitably occur. This necessitates that ophthalmic nurses have knowledge of HIV disease; resultant ophthalmic manifestations; treatm
Prellner T; Flamholc L; Haidl S; Lindholm K; Widell A; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Lund, Malmo; General Hospital, Sweden.
308 consecutive patients with severe or complicated respiratory tract infections underwent fiber-optic bronchoscopy in the search for a microbiological etiology. Protected brush specimens were used for bacterial cultures and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for virus isolation and cytological examination. Herpes simplex v
Teich SA; Cheung TW; Friedman AH; Department of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New; York, New York.
Over the past two decades, the recognition of viral enzymes and proteins that can serve as molecular targets of drugs has revolutionized the treatment of viral infections. Beginning with acyclovir, a number of systemically administered agents which are both relatively safe and effective for the treatment of herpetic i
Am J Dermatopathol. 1992 Feb;14(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92377953
LeBoit PE; Limova M; Yen TS; Palefsky JM; White CR Jr; Berger TG; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0506.
Verrucous skin lesions have been attributed to various herpes viruses in immunosuppressed patients, including those with human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV). We examined such lesions from six HIV-infected patients to determine the range of microscopic findings present and to establish which herpesviruses were
Ann Neurol. 1992 Aug;32(2):184-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92378136
Pedneault L; Katz BZ; Miller G; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University; School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in a variety of central nervous system syndromes. In a few well-studied patients, EBV has been detected by viral isolation or EBV DNA has been found by Southern hybridization analysis. Using polymerase chain reaction, we evaluated brain biopsy specimens from 24 patients for
Chave JP; Munafo A; Chatton JY; Dayer P; Glauser MP; Biollaz J; Departement de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier,; Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Toxoplasmic encephalitis is one of the leading causes of morbidity in patients with AIDS. Lifelong treatment is needed to prevent relapses, and primary prevention is desirable in high-risk patients, but the available drugs are often poorly tolerated. Azithromycin (AZM) has been considered a drug candidate because of i
Eron JJ Jr; Johnson VA; Merrill DP; Chou TC; Hirsch MS; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
The combination of zidovudine ( AZT ) and 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine synergistically inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in vitro with AZT-sensitive and AZT-resistant clinical isolates and HIV-1IIIB. Synergy was determined by the
Li C; Lusis AJ; Sparkes R; Nirula A; Gaynor R; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024.
Recently we isolated a cellular DNA binding protein, designated interleukin enhancer binding factor (ILF), that binds to purine-rich regulatory motifs in both the HIV-1 LTR and the IL2 promoter. Further analysis of the ILF gene reveals the existence of two mRNA species, both of which encode proteins containing the rec
Superantigens (SAg) interact with T lymphocytes bearing particular V beta sequences as part of their T cell receptor (TcR). The interaction, however, requires the presence of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules on antigen-presenting cell (APC). In peculiar circumstances, MHC class II+ T cell clon
Bonagura VR; Cunningham-Rundles SL; Schuval S; Department of Pediatrics, Schneider Children's Hospital, Long; Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York 11042.
The development of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children with normal T-cell numbers is contrary to previous experience with HIV-infected adults, in whom low CD4+ T-cell numbers predict susceptibility to PCP. To determine whether PCP in HIV-infected children reflec
On July 31, 1992, CDC reported five cases of CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia in persons without evident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States . As of August 5, 1992, CDC has received reports of nine additional persons with similar clinical presentations. All persons w
N Engl J Med. 1992 Aug 27;327(9):581-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92350192
Kahn JO; Lagakos SW; Richman DD; Cross A; Pettinelli C; Liou SH; Brown M; Volberding PA; Crumpacker CS; Beall G; et al; San Francisco General Hospital, Calif. 94110.
BACKGROUND. Although zidovudine is effective in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, its efficacy may decline with prolonged use. Didanosine is another inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase. We evaluated the effectiveness of changing anti-HIV treatment from zidovudine to didanosine. METHODS. Th
Lidman C; Berglund O; Tynell E; Lindback S; Department of Infectious Diseases, Roslagstull Hospital,; Stockholm, Sweden.
The incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) during 2 years in HIV-infected patients with less than or equal to 100 x 10(6)/l CD4+ cells, less than or equal to 200 x 10(6)/l CD4+ cells and less than 20% CD4+ cells of total T lymphocytes were compared. The relative PCP risk in 57 patients with less than or equ
Thromb Haemost. 1992 Mar 2;67(3):310-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92351359
Mannucci PM; Gringeri A; de Biasi R; Baudo F; Morfini M; Ciavarella N; Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, IRCCS; Maggiore Hospital, Milano, Italy.
It has been postulated that high-purity factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates, since they contain less alloantigenic proteins than intermediate-purity concentrates, might cause lesser deterioration of the immune systems of hemophilic patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To evaluate this hypothesis
Merrouche Y; Favrot MC; Medical Oncology Department, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France.
A symposium entitled Foetal and Neonatal Cell Transplantation and Retroviral Gene Therapy recently organized under the aegis of the Merieux Foundation in Annecy, France , brought together 100 scientists and clinicians from European countries and the Un
Cancer Res. 1992 Aug 15;52(16):4391-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92354015
Srivastava BI; Banki K; Perl A; Department of Molecular Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute,; Buffalo, New York 14263.
Antibodies reactive with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) proteins p19, p24, gp46, p56, and gp68 were detected in four of 27 patients with mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome (MF/SS) and one patient with Kaposi s sarcoma using radioimmunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis. Seroreactivity patterns to HTLV
167 HIV-positive patients (155 men, 12 women; mean age 31 [18-61] years) with CD4 lymphocyte counts below 250/microliter every 4 weeks received 300 mg pentamidine per aerosol inhalation during out-patient visits, as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii. 89 patients were clinically in the AIDS stage and 33 in the A
Ong EL; Dunbar EM; Mandal BK; Regional Dept. of Infectious Diseases & Tropical Medicine,; Monsall Hospital, Newton Heath, Manchester, UK.
A prospective study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and effects on pulmonary function tests of weekly 600 mg aerosolised pentamidine as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) amongst two groups of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Group 1 (primary prophylaxis) consisted o
Nomata K; Nakamura T; Suzu H; Yushita Y; Kanetake H; Sawada T; Ikeda S; Hino S; Nagataki S; Saito Y; Department of Urology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine.
Lower urinary symptoms associated with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) are common, but have been regarded as neurogenic due to spinal involvements. However, in some cases, these symptoms are persistent, progressive, and not directly correlated with the severity of other neurologic
Roths JB; Sidman CL; Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609.
The opportunistic pathogen Pneumocystis carinii (Pc) is considered to be the leading cause of morbidity in patients with AIDS. It is important, therefore, to determine the immunological mechanisms of resistance to Pc. We have taken advantage of the lack of both T and B lymphocytes in severe combined immunodeficiency (
Lancet. 1992 Aug 8;340(8815):337-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92356690
George JR; Ou CY; Parekh B; Brattegaard K; Brown V; Boateng E; De Cock KM; Laboratory Investigations Branch, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
We have investigated the cause of dual serological reactivity to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2, a common occurrence in West Africa. Serum specimens from 111 individuals from Cote d Ivoire classified by commercial western blot as HIV-1 (n = 15), HIV-2 (32), a
Lancet. 1992 Aug 8;340(8815):339-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92356691
Peeters M; Gershy-Damet GM; Fransen K; Koffi K; Coulibaly M; Delaporte E; Piot P; van der Groen G; World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre on AIDS, Institute; of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Dual serological reactivity to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 is common in Cote d Ivoire . To assess whether dual infection is the reason for dual seropositivity we sought HIV-1 and HIV-2 proviral DNA in primary uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cell
Am J Med. 1992 Aug;93(2):157-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92359137
Zurlo JJ; Feuerstein IM; Lebovics R; Lane HC; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
PURPOSE: To determine the clinical and radiographic characteristics of sinusitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed that identified all HIV-1-infected patients with sinus radiographs, sinus computed tomograms, or magnetic re
el-Sadr W; Goetz RR; Sorrell S; Joseph M; Ehrhardt A; Gorman JM; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York, NY.
BACKGROUND--The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has increasingly involved intravenous drug users. Few studies have attempted to define its clinical and laboratory characteristics in this population. METHODS--We recruited 223 intravenous drug users from New York, NY, for a prospective study of the natural c
Mazza P; Bocchia M; Tumietto F; Costigliola P; Coronado O; Bandini G; Conte R; Ricchi E; Vianelli N; Raise E; et al; Institute of Hematology, University of Bologna, Italy.
In an ongoing phase II study, 12 patients with lymphoma and HIV infection were treated with zidovudine (ZDV) and recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) to evaluate if this association may produce beneficial effect on the immunologic status and the outcome of lymphoma. The protocol included daily doses of rIL-2 at 6 MIU/m2
Kappus RP; Berger S; Thomas CA; Ottmann OG; Ganser A; Stille W; Shah PM; Zentrum fur Innere Medizin, Universitat Frankfurt/Main.
Clinical observations show that the HIV infection is often associated with affections of the skin. In order to examine the involvement of the epidermal immune system in the HIV infection, we determined accessory cell function of epidermal cells from HIV-1-infected patients. For this we measured the proliferative respo
Keath EJ; Kobayashi GS; Medoff G; Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, Missouri 63103.
We previously described yps-3, a Histoplasma-specific nuclear gene probe useful in the identification of Histoplasma capsulatum. By using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of DNA detected by the yps-3 gene and mitochondrial DNA, 76 clinical and soil isolates of H. capsulatum were classified. The majori
J Immunol. 1992 Aug 15;149(4):1131-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92364309
Field EH; Rouse TM; Fleming AL; Jamali I; Cowdery JS; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of; Medicine, Iowa City.
Complete elimination of CD4 cells by in vivo treatment with anti-CD4 mAb may result in B cell polyclonal activation. Additionally, mice treated with doses of anti-CD4 that eliminate half the CD4 cells produced higher anti-SRBC antibody responses than controls. This suggests that partial CD4 depletion enhances Th2-like
Golden MP; Kim S; Hammer SM; Ladd EA; Schaffer PA; DeLuca N; Albrecht MA; Division of Infectious Diseases, New England Deaconess Hospital,; Boston, MA 02215.
Heterologous viruses have been examined for their ability to accelerate the course of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. In this study, ACH-2 cells persistently infected with HIV-1 exhibited augmented HIV-1 replication as a result of superinfection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1. Usi
Re MC; Zauli G; Furlini G; Giovannini M; Ranieri S; Ramazzotti E; Vignoli M; La Placa M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Bologna, Italy.
The production of granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were evaluated in the supernatants of short-term cultures of purified CD4+ T-lymphocytes and enriched monocytes obtained from peripheral blood (PB) of 35 HIV-1 seropos
The pathogenesis of disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is largely attributable to the decrease in T-lymphocytes bearing the CD4 cell-surface molecule (CD4 + T-lymphocytes) (1). The percentage of CD4 + T-lymphocytes among total lymphocytes and the percentages of other lymphocyte subpopulations (e.g.,
Hall CD; Snyder CR; Robertson KR; Messenheimer JA; Wilkins JW; Robertson WT; Whaley RA; Van der Horst C; Silverman LM; Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel; Hill 27599-7025.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analytes were evaluated in 59 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+) individuals to assess neurological involvement. Glucose, total protein, cell counts, p24 antigen, CSF: serum albumin/IgG ratios, and oligoclonal bands were measured. Eighty percent of samples showed abnormalities in one or more
Kundu SK; Merigan TC; Center for AIDS Research, Stanford University Medical Center,; California 94305.
OBJECTIVES: Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) appear to be an important defense mechanism against HIV infection. This study proposes to examine the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted HIV-1 Env-, Gag- and Pol-specific CTL activities in HIV-infected asymptomatic patients. DESIGN: CD4+ and CD8+ CTL were examin
Schellekens PT; Tersmette M; Roos MT; Keet RP; de Wolf F; Coutinho RA; Miedema F; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the kinetics of decline of CD4+ lymphocytes in HIV-1-infected asymptomatic homosexual men. METHODS: CD4+ lymphocytes were enumerated in a cohort of 187 HIV-1-infected initially asymptomatic homosexual men seen at 3-month intervals over 5 years. During follow-up, 45 men progressed to AIDS (exclu
Whittle H; Egboga A; Todd J; Corrah T; Wilkins A; Demba E; Morgan G; Rolfe M; Berry N; Tedder R; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Fajara, The Gambia.
OBJECTIVES: To determine which clinical and immunological features of patients with symptomatic HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection best predict survival in The Gambia . METHODS: All patients presenting to two hospitals in The Gambia between January 1987 and June 1990 with symptoms or signs s
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of vapreotide, a new somatostatin analogue, in the treatment of refractory AIDS-related diarrhoea. DESIGN: An open, non-comparative pilot trial. SETTING: The trial was conducted in 10 medical centres in France . PATIENTS, PARTICIPANT
Montaner JS; Le TN; Le N; Craib KJ; Schechter MT; Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study (VLAS), University of; British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
OBJECTIVE: Validation of a modified version of the recently proposed World Health Organization (WHO) staging system for HIV infection and disease in a cohort of homosexual men. METHODS: Five hundred and thirty HIV-positive men followed for a median of 51 months (range, 1-98 months) wer
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1171-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368736
Polzien F; Scharf JG; Luke W; Hunsmann G; German Primate Centre, Kellnerweg, FRG.
The binding and binding inhibition of the SIVagmTYO-7 external glycoprotein gp130 in micellar form to the CD4 molecule on human Molt-4 clone 8 cells was investigated. The best binding of gp130 to Molt-4 clone 8 cells occurred at pH 5.5 to 6.5 at 37 degrees C after 4 h or at room temperature after 10 h. The dissociatio
Caruso M; Tzikas G; Roussel M; Alizon M; Klatzmann D; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Pathologies; Immunitaires, CERVI CNRS URA D1463, Hopital de la; Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Sher A; Gazzinelli RT; Oswald IP; Clerici M; Kullberg M; Pearce EJ; Berzofsky JA; Mosmann TR; James SL; Morse HC 3d; Immunology and Cell Biology Section, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland.
Parasitic infection is frequently accompanied by a downregulation in host cell-mediated immunity. Recent studies suggest that this modulation of helper T cells and effector cell function can at least in part be attributed to the action of a set of inhibitory cytokines produced by T lymphocytes as well as by a number o
Fast LD; Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence.
The regulation of in vivo cytolytic response is important in a model of murine graft-vs-host disease induced by the injection of parental splenocytes into unirradiated B6D2F1 recipients. Injection of C57BL/6J spleen cells into B6D2F1 recipients results in an acute form of graft-vs-host disease that is characterized by
Makino M; Sei Y; Arora PK; Morse HC 3d; Hartley JW; Laboratory of Immunopathology, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
After infection with LP-BM5 murine leukemia viruses, susceptible strains of mice develop a severe and progressive immunodeficiency disease, termed murine AIDS (MAIDS), features of which include markedly impaired T cell response to mitogens or specific Ag stimulation and decreased production of
Repke H; Gabuzda D; Palu G; Emmrich F; Sodroski J; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Benzylated derivatives of a peptide (CD4(81-92)) representing the CDR3-like region of CD4 were previously found to inhibit gp120 binding, HIV-1 infectivity, and syncytium formation. These results have been interpreted to indicate a role for the corresponding CD4 region in these processes. The peptide (TbYICbEbVEDQKAcE
Zeballos RS; Cavalcante N; Freire CA; Hernandez HJ; Longo IM; Peixinho ZF; Moura NC; Mendes NF; Scripps Immunology Reference Laboratory, Scripps Clinic and; Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92121.
Delayed hypersensitivity skin tests (DHST) with recall antigens were investigated as prognostic markers in five different approaches. In the first study, 42 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients (IVb, IVcl, IVd, and IVe; MMWR 35:334-339, 1986) 26 AIDS-related complex (ARC) patients (IVa and IVc2), and 98
J Med Chem. 1992 Aug 21;35(17):3288-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92373739
Easmon J; Heinisch G; Holzer W; Rosenwirth B; Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of; Innsbruck, Austria.
The synthesis of a series of novel thiosemicarbazones (TSC s) derived from various alkyl diazinyl (3-pyridazinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 2-pyrazinyl) ketones and 3-pyridazinecarbaldehyde and their evaluation against herpes simplex virus (HSV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as the determination of their cytotox
Geballe AP; Gray MK; Department of Molecular Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
The 5 ends of all human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) transcripts have the potential to coordinately regulate translation of HIV-1 mRNAs. Conflicting observations of the translational impact of these sequences in various systems stimulated these analyses of translation in reticulocyte lysates. We report a sen
Zoulek G; Schatzl H; Kawabata M; de Cabral MB; Cabello A; Freutsmiedl K; Villagra E; von der Helm K; Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit, Eschborn,; Germany.
Between March 1987 and November 1989 a cross-sectional serological survey was conducted on 884 residents of Paraguay to obtain data on the prevalence of antibodies to human T-cell leukemia virus type I/II (HTLV-I/II). Sera from 8/88
Ishida T; Takayanagi K; Shotake T; Hirai K; Yuasa I; Department of Anthropology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
A seroepidemiological survey of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type-1 (HTLV-1) was carried out among 413 residents of Chitwan, Dhapakhel and Katmandu in Nepal . Donor screening was first carried out by the gelatin part
World Health Forum. 1992;13(1):44-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92344715
Yamada JY; Yee H; Fitzgerald M; Okamoto G; Pacific Basin Rehabilitation Research and Training Center, John; A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Manoa,; Honolulu 96817.
A programme of community education on stroke in Micronesia is based on the use of brightly illustrated posters with a limited content of written material in the native languages. This approach has been favourably received by the peo
Ohlin M; Hinkula J; Broliden PA; Grunow R; Borrebaeck CA; Wahren B; Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Sweden.
Human MoAbs of IgM class were developed against three regions of the HIV-1 envelope. Uninfected donor lymphocytes were immunized in vitro with recombinant protein pB1. Four out of five antibodies were directed to different parts of the V3 region, which contains a major neutralizing site. Two out of these antibodies we
Davidson PT; Le HQ; Department of Tuberculosis Control, Los Angeles County Department; of Health Services, California.
The impact of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic has made tuberculosis an increasing worldwide problem, and the effectiveness of modern chemotherapy has been blunted by the high incidence of primary drug resistance, especially in developing countries. The prospect of finding new and highly effectiv
A series of biochemical investigations to compare the DNA polymerase and RNase H functions of the reverse transcriptases (RTs) corresponding to azidothymidine ( AZT )-sensitive and resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains are described. Stea
Ruffault A; Genetet N; Berthier AM; Pommereuil M; Duvail C; Andre P; Morel H; Genetet B; Fauconnier B; Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Regional, Rennes,; France.
The interferon (IFN) system, both serum IFN levels and the in vitro IFN production, was investigated in 38 clinically asymptomatic multitransfused hemophiliacs, half positive and half negative for HIV antibodies. In most patients, no circulating IFN was detected; similar levels of IFN-alpha were obtained after periphe
Miller WT; Schimmel P; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,; Cambridge 02139.
A randomly generated mutation in Escherichia coli alanine tRNA synthetase compensates for a mutation in its cognate tRNA. The enzyme s mutation occurs next to a Cys-X2-Cys-X6-His-X2-His metal-binding motif that is distinct from the zinc finger motif found in some DNA-binding proteins. Instead, the synthetase s metal b
Mod Pathol. 1992 May;5(3):283-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92357655
Nadasdy T; Hanson-Painton O; Davis LD; Miller KW; DeBault LE; Burns DK; Silva FG; Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences; Center, Oklahoma City.
A number of studies have suggested that HIV infection can be detected in a variety of routinely fixed archival tissues using antibodies to various viral proteins. In order to study this immunocytochemical approach, paraffin sections were examined with a large panel of commercially available monoclonal antibodies again
Huber BE; Richards CA; Martin JL; Wirth PJ; Division of Cell Biology, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
Recent evidence suggests that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) trans-activator gene (tat) has transforming properties and may be a causative factor in the development of certain types of cancers, in particular Kaposi s sarcoma (i.e., Vogel J. et al. Nature 335:606-611, 1988). To help elucidate the potenti
Mattar S; Morta M; Drobnic L; Hernandez P; Pallares E; Gimeno JL; Gea J; Torres JM; Servicio de Microbiologia, Hospital del Mar. Universidad; Autonoma de Barcelona.
BACKGROUND: Techniques for detecting mycobacteria in blood can be a good alternative for diagnosing tuberculosis in acquired-immunodeficiency syndrome patients (AIDS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eleven patients with AIDS and pulmonary tuberculosis, and four controls with AIDS and without tuberculosis were studied. The diag
Blood. 1992 Aug 15;80(4):995-1003. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92360881
Perno CF; Cooney DA; Gao WY; Hao Z; Johns DG; Foli A; Hartman NR; Calio R; Broder S; Yarchoan R; Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Cells of the monocyte lineage are important targets for the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Our group and others have previously shown that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) stimulates HIV replication in monocyte/macrophages, but that it also enhances the anti-HIV activity of
Lyman CA; Walsh TJ; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Systemic antifungal agents express great diversity in their pharmacokinetic profiles, mechanisms of action, and toxicities. Understanding the diverse pharmacokinetic properties of systemic antifungals is critical to their appropriate application. Amphotericin B, drug of choice for most invasive mycoses, has unique pha
Faulds D; Brogden RN; Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.
Didanosine is a dideoxynucleoside analogue which undergoes intracellular conversion to the putative active triphosphate metabolite. The active metabolite appears to inhibit viral reverse transcriptase and terminate the proviral DNA, and produces virustatic inhibition of actively replicating human immunodeficiency viru
Rao SP; Gehlsen KR; Catanzaro A; Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, University of California, San; Diego 92103-8374.
Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare (MAI) is an opportunistic intracellular pathogen responsible for the highest incidence of disseminated bacterial infection in patients with AIDS. Treatment of the infection is extremely difficult and has shown limited efficacy. A critical event in the initiation of a va
Merkel IS; Good CB; Nalesnik M; Roseman SR; Department of Medicine, University of Piitsburgh School of; Medicine, Pennsylvania.
Pneumocystis carinii infection of the liver is being reported with increasing frequency in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The clinical picture typically resembles hepatitis. We report such an occurrence in a patient with persistent elevation of alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpe
J Immunol. 1992 Aug 15;149(4):1223-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/D10049
Hayashi H; Matsubara H; Yokota T; Kuwabara I; Kanno M; Koseki H; Isono K; Asano T; Taniguchi M; Division of Molecular Immunology, Chiba University, Japan.
We have isolated a cDNA (H52) of 2.8-kb-long encoding an 80-kDa mouse melanoma Ag that is defined by a syngeneic anti-B16 melanoma mAb with an ability to block anti-melanoma cytotoxic T cell responses. H52 transfectants were brightly stained with the antibody, and the 80-kDa molecule was immunoprecipitated from the tr
Baixeras E; Huard B; Miossec C; Jitsukawa S; Martin M; Hercend T; Auffray C; Triebel F; Piatier-Tonneau D; Laboratoire d'Hemato-Immunologie, INSERM U333, Institut; Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.
The lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), expressed in human activated T and natural killer (NK) cells, is closely related to CD4 at the gene and protein levels. We report here the initial characterization of the LAG-3-encoded protein. We have generated two monoclonal antibodies after immunization of mice with a 30-am
Warren RQ; Anderson SA; Nkya WM; Shao JF; Hendrix CW; Melcher GP; Redfield RR; Kennedy RC; Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78284-0147.
Sera from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals from the United States and Tanzania were examined for antibody reactivity to four synthetic peptides which corresponded to the principal neutralizing determinant from the V
Thali M; Furman C; Ho DD; Robinson J; Tilley S; Pinter A; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts.
Monoclonal antibodies have been isolated from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients that recognize discontinuous epitopes on the gp120 envelope glycoprotein, that block gp120 interaction with the CD4 receptor, and that neutralize a variety of HIV-1 isolates. Using a panel of HIV-1 gp120 mutants
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 15;89(16):7831-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92366556
Gupta S; Ribak CE; Gollapudi S; Kim CH; Salahuddin SZ; Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine 92717.
A number of non-human-immunodeficiency-virus (HIV) type 1 disorders are associated with CD4+ T-cell deficiency and dysfunction. However, the etiopathogenesis of CD4+ T-cell immunodeficiency in these disease states remains unclear. Human intracisternal retroviral (HICRV) particles were detected in a lymphoblastoid cell
Proc West Pharmacol Soc. 1992;35:141-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92366580
Wuu J; Chuang LF; Blackbourn DJ; Killam KF; Israel M; Chuang RY; Department of Medical Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Browning M; Reid G; Osborne R; Jarrett O; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Glasgow,; Bearsden, UK.
Through a process of covalent attachment of palmitic acid, we have incorporated recombinant gp120 of HIV strain IIIB into ISCOMs. Rabbits immunized with ISCOMs incorporating 10 micrograms gp120 produced high levels of gp120-specific antibody, comparable to the response to ten times as much antigen in complete Freund s
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1073-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368723
Miles SA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine.
Anemia and neutropenia are common complications of HIV infection. Antiretroviral therapy with zidovudine exacerbates bone marrow suppression by inhibiting proliferation of blood cell progenitor cells. In addition, treatment for opportunistic infections or malignancies can involve the use of myelosuppressive drugs. As
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1099-106. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368727
Karwowska S; Gorny MK; Buchbinder A; Gianakakos V; Williams C; Fuerst T; Zolla-Pazner S; Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New; York 10016.
Three IgG1 human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against conformational epitopes of the gp120 envelope protein of HIV-1 were produced, as was a single human MAb to a linear epitope spanning amino acids 487-509 in the C-terminal portion of gp120. All three conformation-dependent MAbs reacted optimally with recomb
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1107-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368728
Matsushita S; Maeda H; Kimachi K; Eda Y; Maeda Y; Murakami T; Tokiyoshi S; Takatsuki K; Transfusion Service Department, University Medical School,; Kumamoto, Japan.
A chimeric mouse-human antibody (C beta 1) was constructed that recognized the principal neutralizing domain (PND) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120. The constant (C) immunoglobulin regions (C gamma 1 and C kappa) of a mouse monoclonal antibody, 0.5 beta, were substituted for the human C gamma 1 and
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1125-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368730
di Marzo Veronese F; Rahman R; Pal R; Boyer C; Romano J; Kalyanaraman VS; Nair BC; Gallo RC; Sarngadharan MG; Department of Cell Biology, Advanced BioScience Laboratories,; Inc., Kensington, MD 20895.
Immunization of mice and rats with purified external glycoprotein gp120 from two divergent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates resulted in the development of seven hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies able to recognize regions of gp120 which are common among divergent strains of HIV-1. These mon
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1147-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368733
Kent KA; Rud E; Corcoran T; Powell C; Thiriart C; Collignon C; Stott EJ; National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters; Bar, Herts, England.
Ten new monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to SIV envelope were produced and characterized. Using a panel of 28 MAbs, 10 antibody binding sites on SIV envelope protein were identified. Seven sites were located in gp120 and three in gp41. Five sites in gp120 and two in gp41 were defined by overlapping peptides. The remaining
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1153-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368734
Miller MA; Murphey-Corb M; Montelaro RC; Department of Microbiology, Louisiana State University, Baton; Rouge.
The env polyprotein sequences of several simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolates were analyzed using computer algorithms designed to predict immunologically reactive protein segments. Peptides corresponding to predicted epitopes were synthesized and employed in peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) sc
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1165-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368735
Benichou S; Legrand R; Nakagawa N; Faure T; Traincard F; Vogt G; Dormont D; Tiollais P; Kieny MP; Madaule P; Unite de Recombinaison et Expression Genetique, Institut; Pasteur, Paris, France.
Two murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), designated MATG2014 and MATG2033, were generated. They are reactive with the external envelope glycoprotein gp130 of the simian immunodeficiency virus of macaque monkey (SIVmac251), and display a cell-free virus neutralizing activity in vitro. In addition, MATG2014 cross-reacts
Akira S; Kishimoto T; Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University,; Japan.
NF-IL6 was originally identified as a DNA-binding protein responsible for IL-1-stimulated IL-6 induction. Direct cloning of NF-IL6 revealed its homology with C/EBP. C/EBP is expressed in liver and adipose tissues and is supposed to regulate several hepatocyte- and adipocyte-specific genes. In contrast, NF-IL6 is suppr
Burkly LC; Olson D; Shapiro R; Winkler G; Rosa JJ; Thomas DW; Williams C; Chisholm P; Biogen, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142.
HIV use the CD4 molecule as their primary cellular receptor. Residues in the N-terminal domain (D1) of CD4 are crucial to HIV attachment through the gp120 envelope component. However, other regions of CD4 appear to be required subsequently for virus- and cell-cell fusion. Little is understood of the post-binding steps
Groopman JE; Feder D; Division of Hematology/Oncology, New England Deaconess Hospital,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.
Three hematopoietic growth factors, erythropoietin, GM-CSF, and G-CSF, have all been evaluated in the context of HIV infection. Recombinant human Epo is currently licensed for therapy of anemia related to zidovudine and is well tolerated in this patient population. Although myelosuppression can clearly be overcome usi
Goldman ME; O'Brien JA; Ruffing TL; Nunberg JH; Schleif WA; Quintero JC; Siegl PK; Hoffman JM; Smith AM; Emini EA; Department of New Lead Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories,; West Point, Pennsylvania 19486-0004.
L-696,229 (3-[2-(benzoxazol-2-yl)ethyl]-5-ethyl-6-methyl-pyridin-2 (1H)-one) is a specific inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) activity that possesses antiviral activity in cell culture (W.S. Saari, J.M. Hoffman, J.S. Wai, T.E. Fisher, C.S. Rooney, A.M. Smith, C.M. Thoma
Gentile G; Cipone M; Tassi C; Pileri S; Tazzari P; Instituto di Patologia Speciale e Clinica Medica Veterinaria; Universita degli Studi di Bologna.
The Ki-67 monoclonal antibody, which recognizes an antigen present on the nuclear membrane surface of mammalian cells in the replication phase, has been used for the determination of the cellular cycle of peripheral blood lymphocytes on a group of cattle positive for bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and with blood values s
Richter-Cook NJ; Howard KJ; Cirino NM; Wohrl BM; Le Grice SF; Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University; School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
The interaction of several forms (p51, p66, and p66/p51) of recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) with a synthetic derivative of its cognate replication primer, tRNA(Lys-3), has been determined by gel-mobility shift analysis. While p66/p51 RT is proficient in tRNA binding, pr
J Chromatogr. 1992 Jun 26;604(1):157-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92348600
Bhikhabhai R; Joelson T; Unge T; Strandberg B; Carlsson T; Lovgren S; Department of Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
The pol I gene from HIV-1 encoding the protease, reverse transcriptase (RT) and endonuclease has been expressed in Escherichia coli. By modifying the fermentation conditions and developing a new purification scheme, the yield of purified RT has been increased substantially compared with that obtained in an earlier pro
Nature. 1992 Aug 6;358(6386):507-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92350303
Lafon M; Lafage M; Martinez-Arends A; Ramirez R; Vuillier F; Charron D; Lotteau V; Scott-Algara D; Unite de la Rage, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Superantigens bind class II major histocompatibility proteins and stimulate powerful proliferative responses of T lymphocytes bearing particular V beta sequences as part of their alpha beta antigen receptor. Exogenous bacterial superantigens are responsible for food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome. Murine virus-enc
Pol Arch Med Wewn. 1992 Jan;87(1):8-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92350715
Laskus T; Radkowski M; Were~zynska T; Horban A; Lupa E; Cianciara J; Slusarczyk J; Zakladu Immunopatologii, Instytutu Chorob Zakaznych i; Paso~zytniczych AM Warszawie.
The prevalence of anti-HCV and serological markers of HBV infection was tested in 100 unselected intravenous drug addicts admitted to a detoxification ward. Anti-HCV were present in 78% addicts, and at least one markers of HBV infection was present in 69% addicts. No correlation was found between anti-HCV status and a
Henderson EE; Tudor G; Yang JY; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University; School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140.
Here we report the kinetics of inactivation of HIV-1 by ultraviolet (UV) or X irradiation. Inactivation of HIV-1 by UV irradiation followed quasi first-order, i.e., single-hit, kinetics. The LD37 for inactivation of syncytia formation in SupT1 cells by limiting dilutions was approximately 780 J/m2. The LD37 for inacti
Vogt VM; Burstein H; Skalka AM; Section of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell; University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
After budding from the plasma membrane, retrovirus particles undergo a process of maturation, which includes changes in morphology caused by several proteolytic cleavages of the precursor of the internal structural proteins, products of the gag gene. Cleavage is mediated by the viral protease, PR. The fact that in mos
Baba M; Shigeta S; Tanaka H; Miyasaka T; Ubasawa M; Umezu K; Walker RT; Pauwels R; De Clercq E; Department of Microbiology, Fukushima Medical College, Japan.
Nagumo T; Takeuchi Y; Hoshino H; Department of Hygiene and Virology, Gunma University School of; Medicine.
The reverse transcriptase (RT) activity of a lysate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) was almost completely inactivated by incubation at 56 degrees C for 20-30 min. The heat-inactivation of RT in the virus lysate or purified RT was partially inhibited in the presence of some human sera or plasma containing
Kashman Y; Gustafson KR; Fuller RW; Cardellina JH 2d; McMahon JB; Currens MJ; Buckheit RW Jr; Hughes SH; Cragg GM; Boyd MR; Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center (NCI-FCRDC), Maryland; 21702-1201.
Eight new coumarin compounds (1-8) were isolated by anti-HIV bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract of Calophyllum lanigerum. The structures of calanolide A (1), 12-acetoxycalanolide A (2), 12-methoxycalanolide A (3), calanolide B (4), 12-methoxycalanolide B (5), calanolide C (6) and related derivatives 7 and 8 w
Carreno BM; Koenig S; Coligan JE; Biddison WE; Molecular Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological; Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
To understand better the specificity of peptide binding by MHC class I molecules, we have evaluated the capacity of a panel of unrelated peptides to compete for the presentation of viral peptides presented by HLA-A3 and HLA-B27. The HIV-Nef7F peptide (74-82) was presented by HLA-A3 to Nef-specific HLA-A3-restricted CT
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):6741-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92357707
Katz RA; Mack JP; Merkel G; Kulkosky J; Ge Z; Leis J; Skalka AM; Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center,; Philadelphia, PA 19111.
Retroviruses encode a protein, the integrase (IN), that is required for insertion of the viral DNA into the host cell chromosome. IN alone can carry out the integration reaction in vitro. The reaction involves endonucleolytic cleavage near the 3 ends of both viral DNA strands (the processing step), followed by joinin
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):6919-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92357742
Boyer JC; Bebenek K; Kunkel TA; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of; Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Sequence variation in the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) results, in part, from inaccurate replication by reverse transcriptase. Although this enzyme is error-prone during synthesis in vitro with DNA templates, the fidelity of RNA-dependent DNA synthesis relevant to minus-strand replication in the virus l
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):6988-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92357756
Tuerk C; MacDougal S; Gold L; Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology,; University of Colorado, Boulder 80309.
High-affinity ligands of the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were isolated by the SELEX procedure (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) from RNA populations randomized at 32 positions. Analysis of these ligands revealed a pseudoknot consensus with primary sequ
FEBS Lett. 1992 Aug 17;308(2):170-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92362875
Aranda-Anzaldo A; Viza D; URA-CNRS, Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie, Faculte de Medecine,; Paris, France.
Staurosporine, an antibiotic known to inhibit cellular protein kinases, can reversibly block the progress of normal and tumour cells into the cell cycle. The ability of HIV-1 to infect and replicate in cells blocked by staurosporine was investigated. The results show that blocked, non-cycling cells can be productively
J Immunol. 1992 Aug 15;149(4):1311-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92364336
Hosmalin A; Kumar S; Barnd D; Houghten R; Smith GE; Hughes SH; Berzofsky JA; Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, National; Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
CTL lines specific for two different proteins derived from the human pathogens, Plasmodium falciparum (malaria) circumsporozoite protein and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, were obtained by immunizing mice with protein-pulsed syngeneic spleen cells. The lysis of the target cells was dependent on a class I MHC molecule an
J Immunol. 1992 Aug 15;149(4):1452-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92364355
Sutor GC; Dreikhausen U; Vahning U; Jurkiewicz E; Hunsmann G; Lundin K; Schedel I; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Hannover,; Germany.
Anti-idiotypic antibodies were raised in rabbits against a panel of 11 murine mAb directed to the human CD4 receptor. Selection of mAb for vaccination was based on inhibition studies demonstrating that these mAb recognized CD4/V1 epitopes implicated in HIV-1-gp120 binding. Purified antisera showed high titer anti-Id a
J Med Chem. 1992 Aug 7;35(16):2958-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92365035
Yu KL; Bronson JJ; Yang H; Patick A; Alam M; Brankovan V; Datema R; Hitchcock MJ; Martin JC; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pharmaceutical Research Institute,; Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660.
A number of methyl derivatives of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]guanine (PMEG, 1) have been synthesized and tested in vitro for anti-herpes and anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity. Among these analogues, (R)-2 -methyl-PMEG [(R)-3] and 2 ,2 -dimethyl-PMEG (7) demonstrated potent anti-HIV activity in the XTT
Blumberg BM; Epstein LG; Saito Y; Chen D; Sharer LR; Anand R; Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center,; New York 14642.
The role of the nef gene in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is poorly understood. To provide a basis for studies on the role of nef in AIDS, we used targeted polymerase chain reaction amplification and DNA sequencing to determine the structure of nef genes in pathologic tissue from HIV-1-infected
Albert J; Wahlberg J; Lundeberg J; Cox S; Sandstrom E; Wahren B; Uhlen M; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
The rate of reversion from azidothymidine (zidovudine; AZT ) resistance was studied by direct sequencing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virion RNA in sera from four patients who discontinued long-term treatment. Before cessation of trea
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 15;89(16):7777-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92366545
Natuk RJ; Chanda PK; Lubeck MD; Davis AR; Wilhelm J; Hjorth R; Wade MS; Bhat BM; Mizutani S; Lee S; et al; Department of Biotechnology, Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Philadelphia,; PA 19101.
Recombinant human adenoviruses (Ads) (types 4, 5, and 7) expressing the HIV-1 envelope membrane glycoprotein (gp160) were tested for immunogenicity in the dog. Administration of recombinant Ad7-env by intratracheal inoculation resulted in a low serum antibody response to gp160, which developed over several weeks. A st
de Montalembert M; Costagliola DG; Lefrere JJ; Cornu G; Lombardo T; Cosentino S; Perrimond H; Girot R; Laboratoire d'Hematologie, Groupe Hospitalier Necker-Enfants; Malades, INSERM U263 et SC4, Universite Paris 7, France.
The prevalence of markers for human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1, HIV-2), human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), and cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) was evaluated
Coates JA; Cammack N; Jenkinson HJ; Jowett AJ; Jowett MI; Pearson BA; Penn CR; Rouse PL; Viner KC; Cameron JM; Department of Virology, Glaxo Group Research Ltd., Middlesex,; United Kingdom.
The (-)-enantiomer of 2 -deoxy-3 -thiacytidine ( 3TC ) was found to be a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 (HIV-1) and 2 (HIV-2) in vitro. We determined its antiviral activity against a number of laboratory strains o
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1091-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368726
Keay S; Tacket CO; Murphy JR; Handwerger BS; Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Baltimore, MD.
We examined the sera of volunteers vaccinated with recombinant gp160 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and control volunteers for the presence of anti-(anti-gp160 idiotype) antibodies which antigenically mimic gp160 and, therefore, bind to CD4 on human cells. Anti-CD4 antibodies were detected in the sera
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1117-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368729
Ronco J; Dedieu JF; Marie FN; Pinter A; Kaczorek M; Girard M; Pasteur Merieux Serums & Vaccins, Parc Industriel d'Incarville,; Val de Reuil, France.
Three groups of four rhesus macaques were immunized twice, one month apart with purified recombinant HIV-1LAI gp160 in the presence of either alum, incomplete Freund s adjuvant (IFA), or SAF-1. Two months later, the animals were injected twice again with a synthetic peptide with the sequence of the principal neutraliz
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1139-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92368732
Gruber MF; Hewlett IK; Simms T; Vujcic L; Manischewitz J; Golding H; Division of Virology, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
The derivation of ethyl-methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenized subclones from the CEM T-cell line has been described. These clones expressed CD4 and bound soluble gp120, however, two of the generated clones were markedly reduced in their ability to form syncytia after infection with either gp160-vaccinia vector or cell-fr
Summerbell CD; Youle M; McDonald V; Catalan J; Gazzard BG; HIV/GUM Unit, Kobler Centre (St Stephen's Clinic), London, UK.
Two appetite stimulants, megestrol acetate and cyproheptadine were administered in a randomized trial to 14 patients who had no evidence of opportunistic infection or malabsorption but were wasted (had lost more than 5 kg body weight) as a result of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Energy intakes were cal
EMBO J. 1992 Sep;11(9):3405-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92371448
Tristem M; Marshall C; Karpas A; Hill F; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge Clinical; School, UK.
The genomes of the four primate lentiviral groups are complex and contain several regulatory or accessory genes. Two of these genes, vpr and vpx, are found in various combinations within the four groups and encode proteins whose functions have yet to be elucidated. Comparison of the encoded protein sequences suggests
Ackerman Z; Valinluck B; McHutchison JG; Redeker AG; Govindarajan S; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center, Downey 90242.
Forty-six patients with chronic hepatitis delta virus infection were followed between 6 and 116 mo (mean = 32.8 mo; median = 24 mo). Nineteen patients (41%) demonstrated clinical courses with episodes of biochemical reactivation (ALT levels greater than or equal to 10 times baseline values [group A]). Twenty-seven pat
Laskus T; Radkowski M; Lupa E; Slusarczyk J; Cianciara J; Halama G; Nowicka R; Department of Immunopathology, Institute of Infectious and; Parasitic Diseases, Warsaw, Poland.
We studied 100 unselected parenteral drug abusers for infection with hepatitis C, B, A and D virus (HCV, HBV, HAV and HDV). Seventy-six percent had serological evidence of HCV infection. 12% were positive for HBsAg and at least one marker of HBV infection was present in 69%. These results were significantly higher tha
J Med Chem. 1992 Aug 21;35(17):3192-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92373726
Freeman GA; Rideout JL; Miller WH; Reardon JE; Division of Organic Chemistry, Burroughs Wellcome Co., Research; Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
3 -Azido-3 -deoxythymidine-5 -phosphonate was synthesized by a five-step reaction sequence. The 5 -phosphonate was inactive against HIV-1 in MT4 cells. The absence of activity against HIV-1 was at least partially explained by demonstrating that the Km value for the 5 -deoxy-5 -methylphosphonic acid diphosphate analog
Uchiumi F; Semba K; Yamanashi Y; Fujisawa J; Yoshida M; Inoue K; Toyoshima K; Yamamoto T; Department of Oncology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
The src family gene lyn is expressed preferentially in B lymphocytes but very little in normal T lymphocytes. Transcription of the lyn gene in T lymphocytes was shown to be induced by the p40tax protein encoded by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I. For determination of the mechanism of p40tax-mediated trans activ
Acta Med Austriaca. 1992;19(2):47-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92377444
Neuwald C; Pont J; Tomasits J; Bauer K; Zentrallabor, Kaiser-Franz-Josef-Spitals, Stadt Wien.
Serum samples of 151 intravenous drug users were tested for markers of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV and HTLV-I infection to estimate the prevalence of blood born virus infection in this high risk group. Anti HCV antibodies were found in 75% of sera. Seroprevalence for HIV was found 13%, for hepatitis B markers 68% an
Condra JH; Emini EA; Gotlib L; Graham DJ; Schlabach AJ; Wolfgang JA; Colonno RJ; Sardana VV; Department of Virus and Cell Biology, Merck Research; Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486-0004.
The reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is potently inhibited by a structurally diverse group of nonnucleoside compounds. These include pyridinone derivatives, tetrahydroimadazo[4,5,1-j,k][1,4]-benzodiazepin-2(1H)-one and thione, and BI-RG-587 (
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Aug 14;186(3):1249-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92378582
Maury G; el Alaoui A; Morvan F; Muller B; Imbach JL; Goody RS; Universite de Montpellier II, URA 488 du CNRS, Departement de; Chimie Organique Fine, France.
We have investigated the interaction between a number of 14 mers phosphorothioate oligonucleotides and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Two methods were used to measure the affinity of the analogs for the enzyme. In the first, the oligonucleotide or its duplex with Poly(rl) were used as inhibitors of the enzyme using Poly
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