Organizations (U.S.) Washington, D.C. (1030 15th St., N.W., Suite 1053, Washington 20005) : National Coalition of Hispanic Health and Human Services Organizations, [1989?] xiv, 208 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9200787
Wiesbaden : Verlag fur deutsche Wirtschaftsbiographien, 1989 ix, 248 p. : ill (Studien zu Theorie und Praxis der Public Relations ; Bd. 43) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9201442
Directory of research studies being conducted. Alphabetical listing by institutions. Entries give such information as topic of study, inclusion criteria, administration, cost, duration, and contact person.
Copenhagen : Munksgaard ; Chicago, Ill. : Distributed in North and South America by Mosby-Year Book, c1990 204 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9200786
Listings of area experimental treatment studies, arranged by institutions. Entries give such information as drug contact, follow-up, cost, and duration. Index.
Washington, D.C. : American Society for Microbiology, c1991 ix, 249 p. : ill (ICN-UCI conferences in virology) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9202219
Synergism and Antagonism in Chemotherapy. Chou TC and Rideout DC, eds. New York, Academic, p. 585-619, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678590
Avramis VI; Huang SH; Holcenberg JS; Div. of Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hosp. of Los Angeles,; Univ. of Southern California, P.O. Box 54700, Los Angeles, CA; 90054-0070
Drug synergism is defined as a significant improvement in pharmacologic action when two or more drugs are used in combination. Drug antagonism is defined as a reduced pharmacologic effect when two or more drugs are administered in combination. The actions of drugs will be altered when specific gene products that contr
Synergism and Antagonism in Chemotherapy. Chou TC and Rideout DC, eds. New York, Academic, p. 715-37, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678594
Berman E; Chang TT; Dept. of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New; York, NY 10021
Clinical drug trials designed to assess synergy in vivo are difficult to interpret given such variables as drug absorption, protein binding, and metabolic degradation pathways. A quantitative approach to data interpretation in both infectious disease studies and oncology may prove useful to the clinician designing com
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, 421 p., 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678718
Anonymous; No affiliation given
Until about 1950, RNA tumor viruses, as retroviruses were then called, were only known in chickens. The mouse mammary tumor virus had been discovered in the 1930s, but it was not recognized as an RNA tumor virus. Some 200 million people are infected with hepatitis B virus, 10 million are infected with HIV-1, and an un
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 3-20, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678719
Yoshida M; Inoue J; Fujisawa J; Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Inst. of Medical; Science, Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo 108, Japan
HTLV-I is a retrovirus, but is classified in a unique group distinct from the general onco-retroviruses. The genome contains an extra sequence named pX in addition to the gag, pol, and env genes. The Px region contains three overlapping genes, tax, rex, and a third that codes for p21, whose function is not yet known
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 21-33, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678720
Chen IS; Rosenblatt JD; Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024
Since its discovery in 1982, human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II) has been a virus for which both diseases and its origin have been sought. It is associated with rare forms of human leukemia and may be the cause of hairy cell leukemia. HTLV-II is reviewed, including discovery and epidemiology; evidence for th
HIV-1 and HIV-2 are highly related in their genetic, morphologic, and biologic properties, and they must have diverged recently from a common progenitor. Similar viruses also have been identified in a number of simian species. The genetics of HIV-1 and HIV-2 is reviewed, with emphasis on information obtained from stud
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 69-106, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678722
Haseltine WA; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst., Harvard Medical Sch., Boston, MA 02115
The molecular biology of HIV-1 and related human and nonhuman primate retroviruses provides a basis for understanding the peculiar pathogenesis of AIDS. Beyond the immediate practical application of the study of the molecular biology of these viruses, their study has revealed new fundamental principles regarding the m
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 109-25, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678723
Miyoshi I; Dept. of Medicine, Kochi Medical Sch., Kochi 783, Japan
Since the first discovery of murine leukemia virus, RNA tumor viruses (retroviruses) have been implicated in the etiology of many naturally-occurring leukemias and lymphomas in various animal species. Extensive studies have confirmed the etiological role of HTLV-I in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL); HTLV-I also has been l
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 127-39, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678724
Weiss RA; Inst. of Cancer Res., Royal Cancer Hosp., London SW3 6JB, UK
Retroviruses bind to cell surface receptors via their outer envelope glycoproteins, known as SU proteins. Following binding, membrane fusion probably is effected by a hydrophobic region of the transmembrane envelope protein. Fusion of many retroviruses takes place at neutral pH and is reflected by the capacity of the
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 141-61, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678725
Rosenberg ZF; Fauci AS; Natl. Inst. of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD; 20892
The most striking feature of infection with HIV in vivo is a dramatic reduction in the number of T4 cells, a specific subset of helper/inducer T lymphocytes that expresses the CD4 antigen. The ultimate destruction of the T4 cell population results in a critical immune deficiency that permits the development of a wide
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 163-71, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678726
Takatsuki K; Second Dept. of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto Univ. Medical Sch.,; Kumamoto 860, Japan
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) was the first human cancer found to be caused by a retrovirus. The advances made in the worldwide study of AIDS owe much to the knowledge gained about the relation between ATL and HTLV-I. For example, methods of isolation almost identical to those used for HTLV-I were used for isol
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 193-211, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678728
Greenspan AL; Berkelman RL; Dondero TJ Jr; Curran JW; Div. of HIV/AIDS, Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC, Atlanta,; GA 30333
Since 1981, the natural history and modes of transmission of HIV have been illuminated by the availability of results from epidemiologic studies carried out in the United States and elsewhere. Ongoing analysis of reported United States AIDS cases since 1981 has yielded valuable informa
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 213-24, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678729
Sato PA; Chin J; Mann JM; Global Programme on AIDS, WHO, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
The worldwide scope of HIV infection and AIDS did not become fully apparent until the middle of the 1980s, by which time HIV had spread across several continents. The global epidemiology of HIV/AIDS at the end of the 1980s is described, as well as the potential evolution of the pandemic in the 1990s and the global res
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 227-43, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678730
Hinrichs SH; Chen L; Fontes J; Jay G; Dept. of Medical Pathology, Sch. of Medicine, Univ. of; California, Davis, CA 95616
HTLV-I has been associated with a wide range of human disease including adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), tropical spastic paraparesis, polymyositis, and possibly multiple sclerosis. Results obtained using a transgenic mouse experimental system are reviewed, including current problems and molecular considerations; value of
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 277-94, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678731
Vogel J; Rhim JA; Jay DB; Jay G; Jerome H. Holland Lab., American Red Cross, Rockville, MD 20855
In the study of HIV, an alternative to finding animals that can be successfully infected with HIV is to derive animal models by placing the viral genome or segments of it directly into the germline of animals. One such model has been developed by microinjecting a chimeric construct containing the HIV tat gene under th
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 295-316, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678732
Mc Cune JM; SyStemix, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94303
A major obstacle to research on the role of HIV in AIDS has been the lack of an adequate model for HIV infection. An optimal model would be one in which HIV can be observed to infect human hematolymphoid organ systems within the confines of a mouse. Such a model has been developed in the form of the SCID-hu mouse. The
Immune intervention is playing an increasing role in therapy, but the potential provided by the great specificity of the human immune system clearly has not been achieved. Interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) has been employed as a target for immune intervention in patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). The prospects fo
Replication of HIV can be suppressed in patients with HIV-related diseases by several antiretroviral agents. One such drug, 3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxynucleoside ( AZT or zidovudine), has been formally shown to confer prolonged survival and improved quality
The realization that HIV uses CD4 on the surface of T cells as its receptor, and later in its life cycle expresses gp120 (envelope glycoprotein) on the cell surface, has permitted the design of therapies to kill HIV-infected cells to interrupt the life cycle of the virus. To accomplish this task, a novel toxin molecul
The Human Retroviruses. Gallo RC and Jay G, eds. San Diego, Academic Press, p. 389-405, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678736
Bolognesi DP; Center for AIDS Res., Duke Univ. Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
The science of vaccinology has been mainly empirical, being based largely on trial and error using various formulations of the disease-causing organism itself. However, a vaccine against the AIDS virus will depend heavily on the depth of knowledge of HIV/host interactions at the molecular level and the use of technolo
The thymus-dependent immune system is involved in the disease process underlying Type 1 diabetes. Several studies have thus shown the distribution of peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets to be altered in diabetics. Unlike many other autoimmune diseases which improve during pregnancy, Type 1 diabetes has a higher incidence
OBJECTIVE: To assess the level of knowledge, Attitudes and practices of health workers toward HIV/AIDS. METHOD: The study was a cross-sectional KAP study of HIV/AIDS among 263 health workers in a district in Kenya . A self administered questionnaire was completed by the health worker
The object of this study was to determine how many of the patients treated at the Pediatric Odontology Clinic, a branch of the Maxillo-Facial Surgery Service at the Veinte de Noviembre Regional Hospital, ISSSTE, are VIH-positive of show serious manifestations of Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). For such pur
Catania S; Trinchieri V; Lanzalone CM; Causo T; Allegra C; Catania N; Cirelli A; Istituto Malattie Infettive, Universita La Sapienza, Roma.
The authors have evaluated the efficacy and tolerance of teicoplanin against Gram-positive infections in 8 patients (four with endocarditis, one with cholangitis, one with purulent arthritis, one with gathered fistula and one with general pyoderma), arose both in the immunocompetent and immunodepressed subjects. All p
Ledesma Montes C; Leyva Huerta ER; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.
AIDS is currently one of the most important and concerning diseases for dentists, both general and specialized. This review of the literature makes emphasis on the main biological, epidemiological, diagnostic and prognostic aspects of oral hairy leucoplakia which every dental care professionist should know, as well as
Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1990;103:96-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92087383
Schnittman SM; Denning SM; Greenhouse JJ; Justement JS; Baseler M; Haynes BF; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Gentili G; Wirz M; Puccinelli M; Mele C; Collotti C; Vicari G; Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.
Four hundred and sixty-eight immunoglobulin preparations, produced between 1969 and 1989, were examined for anti-HIV antibodies by means of two competitive immunoenzymatic assays and the Western blot test. This study refers the results obtained by the three different methods. Such results show that the detection of an
Ann Oncol. 1991 May;2(5):373-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92062626
Tirelli U; Vaccher E; Lazzarin A; Errante D; Alessi E; Crosato I; Spina M; Zaccarelli M; Aiuti F; Moroni M; et al; Centro Regionale di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.
The Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS & Tumors (GICAT) is collecting data on the epidemiological and clinical features of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in Italy , a country where intravenous drug users (IVDUs) comprise the largest group affected by AIDS. As of December 31st 1989, among 5317
van Wijk GM; Hostetler KY; Schlame M; van den Bosch H; Centre for Biomembranes and Lipid Enzymology, University of; Utrecht, The Netherlands.
We recently synthesized phospholipid analogs with antiviral nucleosides in the polar headgroup and demonstrated their antiretroviral activity in vitro in human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells (Hostetler, K.Y., Stuhmiller, L.M., Lenting, H.B.M., van den Bosch, H. and Richman, D.D. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 6112-
Roca V; Perez-Cecilia E; Vinuelas J; Ferreiros J; Coello R; Picazo JJ; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clinico Universitario; San Carlos, Madrid.
We analyze seven patients with HIV infection that developed community-acquired bacteremic pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Six patients were drug addicts and one was a male homosexual. Five patients have been previously diagnosed of having AIDS. All patients had fever with respiratory tract symptoms and abno
Pujol E; Ollero M; Marquez P; Gea A; Alcoucer R; Gimeno A; Servicios de Medicina Interna, Hospital General, Huelva.
In order to assess if HTLV-1 retrovirus had penetrated in a group of sailors that often travel to endemic areas for HTLV-1 infection (West coast of sub-Saharan Africa) we have performed the following study. A total of 499 sera samples from sailors traveling to Africa during the last five years were studied. The presen
Abu-Shakra M; Shoenfeld Y; Soroka Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
The studies summarized in this chapter indicate that chronic bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections can serve as a trigger factor of autoimmune reactivity according to various mechanisms. The relationship between microbes and autoimmunity could be manifested by the presence of autoantibodies, autoimmune complexes,
Int J Hematol. 1991 Feb;54(1):85-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92062983
Murakami T; Hattori T; Maeda Y; Matsushita S; Kannagi M; Sagawa K; Takatsuki K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; Medical School, Japan.
The immunological and virological status of three hemophiliacs infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was monitored for 11 months. One of these patients was also infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and HIV-1 could be isolated only from this patient among the three subjects
Gust DA; Gordon TP; Wilson ME; Ahmed-Ansari A; Brodie AR; McClure HM; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia.
Social stress associated with the formation of a new group of rhesus monkeys resulted in increased basal cortisol secretion and significant decreases in immunological parameters. Eight adult female rhesus monkeys, all of which had been raised in social groups, but with no common social history, were simultaneously int
Hatanaka K; Kurihara Y; Uryu T; Yoshida O; Yamamoto N; Mimura T; Kaneko Y; Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.
The anti-HIV effects of mannopyranan sulfate (1) were investigated by using MT-4 cells, namely, an HTLV-I-carrying CD-4 positive cell-line, in vitro. Stereoregular (1----6)-alpha-D-mannopyranan, which had been synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of a 1,6-anhydromannose derivative, was sulfated with piperidine-N
Munoz Fernandez S; Quiralte J; del Arco A; Balsa A; Cardenal A; Pena JM; Vazquez JJ; Gijon Banos J; Rheumatology Unit, Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autonoma de; Madrid, Spain.
An analysis is presented of 20 patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who were treated for skeletal infection in our hospital. Seventeen cases of septic arthritis and three of osteomyelitis were found. All patients were intravenous drug abusers, 75% were male and all were younger than 40 years
Ross JS; Magro C; Szyfelbein W; Sorensen S; James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories, Massachusetts General; Hospital, Boston.
We report five cases of aseptic meningitis presenting with high cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell counts (260-600 cells/cmm) and mononuclear pleocytosis, suggesting the diagnosis of CNS malignant lymphoma. In four of five cases a reactive background of small lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils was seen. Immunocytoche
Magliocco A; Miller K; Robertson DI; Gill MJ; Department of Pathology, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta,; Canada.
We describe a unique case of Pneumocystis carinii organisms within a peritoneal effusion of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The patient, a 28-yr-old homosexual male with profound immunosuppression, presented with splenomegaly and ascites. A peritoneal tap was performed for diagnostic purposes
Berk L; Schalm SW; Heijtink RA; Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Dijkzigt,; Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Severe chronic active hepatitis, defined as the presence of a fivefold increase in serum aminotransferases and a twofold rise in gamma globulin for at least 10 weeks, is considered a progressive immunological liver disease requiring corticosteroid treatment, particularly when serum autoantibodies and a severe lymphopl
Int J Epidemiol. 1991 Sep;20(3):628-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92064366
Horn-Ross PL; West DW; Brown SR; Northern California Cancer Center, Alameda, CA 94501.
Beginning in 1985, a sudden and sustained doubling of salivary gland cancer incidence, among men only, is observed in the San Francisco-Oakland Metropolitan Statistical Area. Registry data are examined to determine the nature of this increase and its possible association with the AIDS epidemic. Changes in patient char
Int J Epidemiol. 1991 Sep;20(3):758-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92064382
Parazzini F; Naldi L; Sena P; Cavalieri d'Oro L; Bianchi C; Manganoni A; Pansera B; Gramenzi A; Goglio A; Cainelli T; Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
We assessed prevalence and risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in 637 patients (506 men, 131 women; median age 30 years, range 17-64) attending between September 1988 and July 1989 for the first time two sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in Northern It
Pisani F; Antimi M; Cantonetti M; Marciani MG; Masi M; Tribalto M; Papa G; Cattedra di Ematologia, Universita Tor Vergata, Roma.
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) of the Central Nervous System (CNS) are rare but they nonetheless constitute a clinical, biological and therapeutic problem of great interest. Primary lymphomas of the CNS account for 2% of all malignant lymphomas and for 0.3-1.5% of all intracranial tumors. Surgery and radiotherapy afford
Brenner B; Schwartz S; Ben-Porath E; Tatarsky I; Varon D; Martinowitz U; Hematology Institute, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
The prevalence, clinical manifestations and serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency (HIV) infections were studied in 117 Israeli hemophiliacs. Positive serological markers for HBV infection (HB surface antigen, antibody to HB surface antigen or antibody to HB core antigen) were more c
Loparev VN; Cartas MA; Monken CE; Velpandi A; Srinivasan A; Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19104.
Routine methods of extraction of DNA from blood involve the enrichment of cells by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation followed by lysis of the cells with extraction buffer, proteinase K digestion of the lysate, and phenol:chloroform-isoamyl alcohol extraction. These methods generally require large amounts of blood
Berry NJ; Salker R; Contreras M; Barbara JA; Tedder RS; Department of Medical Microbiology, University College and; Middlesex School of Medicine, London, U.K.
The performance of four HIV 1 and 2 combined assays has been compared with current type-specific assays using three panels of sera. The first panel comprised single samples from 19 HIV-1-infected persons; the second panel comprised 19 sera from 16 HIV-2-infected persons. Samples from both these panels were titrated ac
van Gorp WG; Satz P; Hinkin C; Selnes O; Miller EN; McArthur J; Cohen B; Paz D; Department of Veteran's Affairs Medical Center West Los Angeles,; CA 90073.
This study examined the relationship between actual and self-reported neuropsychological deficits, depression, and HIV-1 serostatus. The subjects, who consisted of 479 individuals, 256 who were HIV seronegative (SN) and 233 who were HIV-1 seropositive though still asymptomatic (ASP), were administered a standardized n
Nakamura M; Kuroki M; Kira J; Itoyama Y; Shiraki H; Kuroda N; Washitani Y; Nakano S; Nagafuchi S; Anzai K; et al; First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
We studied the antibody response to various kinds of well-characterized synthetic peptides of human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) envelope glycoproteins in patients with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and non-HAM/TSP HTLV-1 carriers. The serum antibody titers to most of th
Lambin P; Gervais A; Levy M; Defendini E; Dubarry M; Lebon P; Rouger P; Schuller E; Laboratoire d'Immunochimie, Institut National de la Transfusion,; Sanguine, Paris, France.
Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 50 neurological patients (24 multiple sclerosis (MS), ten acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 16 other neurological diseases (OND)) and ten controls were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgG subclass quantification and for the calculation of int
Tsukada N; Matsuda M; Miyagi K; Yanagisawa N; Department of Neurology, Shinshu University, School of Medicine.
We evaluated the presence of soluble (s) CD4 and sCD8, released from activated T cells, in the sera of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy (HAM) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, peripheral blood T cell subsets in pat
Elovaara I; Seppala I; Kinnunen E; Laaksovirta H; Department of Microbiology, Aurora Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
The presence of free immunoglobulin light chains (FLCs) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sera of patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection, multiple sclerosis (MS), and neurologically healthy control individuals was investigated by paying special attention to ensure that only truly free light
A review of the research literature over the last five years reveals that nurses knowledge of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has improved dramatically. However, attitudes and fears about HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have not changed commensurately with nurses knowledge. Also, there is ev
Gruchalla RS; Sullivan TJ; Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235-8859.
Adverse reactions to sulfamethoxazole (SMX) occur in 4% to 6% of normal individuals. Many of these reactions resemble immunopathologic reactions, but skin test or in vitro evidence of a role for IgE is limited. Earlier RAST studies in our laboratory provided evidence that the N4-SMX hapten was a major determinant in i
Orr MD; Hoos A; Riester DE; Gilcher RO; Meltz ML; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Health Science; Center, San Antonio 78284-7838.
Studies in a Baltimore emergency room identified the patient with penetrating trauma as having the highest incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I (HIV-1) infection. Anonymous testing over a 15-month period of 165 victims of penetrating trauma presenting to the Medical Center Hospital Emergency Center (San An
Cohn DL; AIDS Services, Denver Department of Health and Hospitals,; Colorado.
The incidence of bacterial pneumonia is increased in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and bacteremia and recurrences occur frequently. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are the most common pathogens, but several other organisms have now been identified as etiologies. Several abnormalitie
Yamaguchi E; Reichman LB; Infectious Diseases Section, East Orange Veterans Administration; Medical Center, New Jersey.
Tuberculosis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to represent a serious medical and public health problem. Physicians awareness of this entity is important because the diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. A continuing increase in the cases of tuberculosis associated with HI
Fox CH; Tenner-Racz K; Racz P; Firpo A; Pizzo PA; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
When radiolabeled RNA was used for in situ hybridization, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA was found in high concentrations in germinal centers of lymphoid tissues from patients with HIV-1 infection. Most of the signal from hybridized probe was independent of specific cells, being found in the extracell
Gingeras TR; Prodanovich P; Latimer T; Guatelli JC; Richman DD; Barringer KJ; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego.
Mutations at amino acid positions 67, 70, 215, and 219 in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pol gene correlate with the emergence of resistance to zidovudine ( AZT ). These four positions were monitored in viral RNA extracted from infected
Sawada T; Iwahara Y; Ishii K; Taguchi H; Hoshino H; Miyoshi I; Department of Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Japan.
Prophylactic effect of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) immune globulin (HTLVIG) against milkborne transmission of HTLV-I was investigated in a rabbit model. Four litters (A-D: 7, 5, 7, and 7 offspring, respectively) born to an HTLV-I-infected rabbit were used. Litters A and D were allowed to grow normally
Schnider A; Landis T; Regard M; Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Zurich,; Switzerland.
A 45 year old patient with AIDS is described in whom Balint s syndrome developed over several days without other higher cognitive defects. Radiological findings were typical of subacute HIV encephalitis involving mainly the white matter of the occipital lobes with extension into the parietal and temporal lobe on the l
J Med Chem. 1991 Nov;34(11):3187-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92065462
Kukla MJ; Breslin HJ; Diamond CJ; Grous PP; Ho CY; Miranda M; Rodgers JD; Sherrill RG; De Clercq E; Pauwels R; et al; Janssen Research Foundation, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477.
In the first paper of this series a new structure with anti-HIV-1 activity was disclosed and analogues were synthesized to explore the structure-activity relationship of changes in the substituent (R) attached at the N-6 position of 9. This study describes the syntheses and anti-HIV-1 testing of analogues with variati
Brown LS Jr; Chu A; Lee H; Allain JP; Division of Medical Services, Addiction Research and Treatment; Corporation, Brooklyn, New York 11201.
The prevalence and clinical consequences of human T-cell lymphotropic viruses types I and II (HTLV-I/II) infection in human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infected persons are areas of continuing interest. This article reports the preliminary findings of the hematological indices in 454 patients infected with HIV-1
Medicine (Baltimore). 1991 Nov;70(6):384-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92065794
Shafer RW; Kim DS; Weiss JP; Quale JM; Department of Medicine, State University of New York-Health; Sciences Center, Brooklyn.
The annual number of cases of culture-proven extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) at our hospital increased from 47 cases in 1983 to 113 cases in 1988. At least 43% (199) of 464 consecutive patients with extrapulmonary TB during this 6-year period were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); since HIV serolo
In Africa, tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common severe diseases associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. For infants in Rwanda and other countries where the risk for TB infection is high, the World Health Organization (WH
Rural hospitals and communities across the nation lack comprehensive services for AIDS patients. This study identified 15 vital services that are scarce in rural settings at a time when AIDS is showing a greater increase in rural than in urban areas. Analysis of responses from rural settings that have acquired service
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1991 Nov 16;135(46):2180-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066025
Lunter CH; Sno HN; van den Boom FM; Nederlands Centrum Geestelijke Volksgezondheid, Utrecht.
The most often reported psychiatric complications among HIV-infected outpatients include: mood and anxiety disorders, and alcohol or nonopiate drug abuse. Medical records of 32 HIV-infected psychiatric outpatients in the Netherlands were studied. The most common DSM-III(-R) di
O'Doherty MJ; Breen D; Page C; Barton I; Nunan TO; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rayne Institute, St Thomas'; Hospital, London, UK.
The half-time of transfer of 99mTc DTPA (T50) is a useful method of assessing lung epithelial permeability, which has been shown to be altered in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who have Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). The present study was designed to assess the usefulness of the T50 mea
This paper explores the meaning of living with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) using Parse s theory of man-living-health as the conceptual framework. The design of the study is based on the qualitative descriptive method. Analysis of the data gathered from interviews with fourteen subjects reveals the emerg
Mayers MM; Davenny K; Schoenbaum EE; Feingold AR; Selwyn PA; Robertson V; Ou CY; Rogers MF; Naccarato M; Department of Pediatrics, North Central Bronx Hospital, New York.
A prospective study was conducted in the Bronx, New York, of 70 infants of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected (n = 33) and uninfected (n = 37) mothers who had a history of intravenous drug use or of intravenous drug-using sex partners. Infants were observed from birth to a median age of 23 months (range 3 to
Lefrere JJ; Mariotti M; Salpetrier J; Demange F; Wattel E; Rouger P; Vittecoq D; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
In order to establish whether the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) may constitute a new marker of evolution towards AIDS in symptomless HIV infected subjects, we used PCR with three primer pairs (in the gag, pol and LTR regions) in 223 seropositive individuals at different stages of HIV infection. Among 176 symptomless
Maisonneuve P; Laurian Y; Guerois C; Verroust F; Ferrer Le Coeur F; Courouce AM; Noel L; Centre d'Hematologie et de Transfusion Sanguine de Versailles,; Le Chesnay, France.
486 patients followed in four French hemophilia centres were tested for antibody to hepatitis C virus C100-3 recombinant protein. On samples collected in 1989, the overall incidence of anti-C 100-3 positivity was 66%. None of the 27 patients only exposed to solvent-detergent treated factor VIII or IX concentrates had
Yamamoto K; Mori S; Okamoto T; Shimotohno K; Kyogoku Y; Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Japan.
Two different proteins which independently bound to neighboring sequences within the negative regulatory element (NRE) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were detected in the nuclear extract of a virus-infected human T cell line. One of the factors bound to a novel dyad symmetrical sequence. This sequence
Berkhout B; Jeang KT; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Trans-activation of HIV-1 by the Tat protein is mediated through a cis-acting element (TAR) in the viral RNA. In order to obtain further insight into the molecular interactions for trans-activation, a detailed mutational analysis of TAR RNA was carried out. TAR RNA forms a hairpin structure with important sequence ele
Brown MA; Powell-Cope GM; School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle.
The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of AIDS family caregiving. Grounded theory provided the methodological basis for qualitative data generation and analysis. Extensive interviews were conducted with 53 individuals (lovers, spouses, parents of either adults or children with AIDS, siblings, and fri
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):663-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066710
Farnham PG; NAIEP, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
One of the goals of the Centers for Disease Control s (CDC) policy on the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is to support business organizations in implementing HIV and AIDS information, education, and prevention activities. However, the response o
Woods SW; O'Malley SS; Martini BL; McDougle CJ; Price LH; Krystal JH; Hoffer PB; Kosten TR; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
1. Non-demented HIV seropositive and seronegative methadone maintained patients and healthy volunteers (n = 10 each) participated. 2. All subjects underwent SPECT regional cerebral blood flow scanning following injection of Tc-99m HMPAO. All patients underwent neuropsychologic (NP) testing. 3. The left striatum/whole
Desrues B; Delaval P; Genetet N; Pencole C; Merdrignac G; Dassonville J; L'Huillier JP; Bourguet P; Kernec J; Service de Pneumologie, Hopital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France.
In its pulmonary form, sarcoidosis generally resolves spontaneously, but it may lead to fibrosis of the lung. The clinical, radiological and functional tests, as well as activity markers such as the serum angiotensin converting enzyme, intrathoracic uptake of 67Gallium and the cytological data provided by bronchoalveo
Karlsson A; Bratt G; Von Krogh G; Morfeldt-Manson L; Bottiger B; Sandstrom E; Department of Dermatovenereology Vanhalsan, Sodersjukhuset,; Stockholm, Sweden.
A cohort of 115 asymptomatic gay men, all seropositive for HIV, was recruited in a health screening project in Stockholm, Sweden , between Nov. 1982 and Dec. 1983 and subsequently followed and clinically evaluated after a mean observation time of 63 months. AIDS in accordance with t
Inostroza J; Diaz P; Saunier C; Immunology Laboratory, Temuco Hospital, Faculty of Medicine,; University de la Frontera, Chile.
The seroprevalence of HTLV-1 antibodies was investigated in 405 serum samples from healthy South American Indians (Mapuches) from Chile , using enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA), Western immunoblot (WB) and radioimmuno precipitation assay (RIPA). Six samples were positive by ELISA; 3
Gotzsche PC; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of; Copenhagen, Denmark.
25 patients with AIDS or serious HIV infection were asked to specify the minimum time zidovudine should prolong life before they would be willing to take the drug for the rest of their lives. Most patients were unable to state a least acceptable survival benefit. Hence, the clinical relevance of sample size calculatio
Ugeskr Laeger. 1991 Nov 25;153(48):3388-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92067232
Bang B; Heegaard NH; Proteinlaboratoriet, Kobenhavns Universitet.
Plasma-apheresis is a nonspecific and wasteful intervention requiring the use of potentially infectious and expensive replacement fluids. Selective removal of the unwanted plasma component circumvents most of the problems. For selective binding and removal of plasma components adsorption methods based on the principle
Ville Y; Delaporte E; Peeters M; Leruez M; Glowaczower E; Fernandez H; Centre International de Recherche Medicale, Franceville, Gabon.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection is common in Gabon , but its influence on pregnancy is unknown. A single case of acute T-cell leukemia in a pregnant woman has been reported in the literature, but, as far as we know, we present the first case-control study an
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1991;27(1):127-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92067971
D'Onofrio C; Alvino E; Peci E; Calio R; Bonmassar E; Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche,; Universita degli Studi Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Alpha, beta and gamma interferons (IFNs) can exert a powerful and direct antiviral activity against HTLV-I and can also modulate positively some cell-mediated immune functions of the host cell. These multiple effects of IFNs can induce a long-lasting inhibition of viral infection in recipient cells, probably by primin
Ann Med Psychol (Paris). 1991 Apr;149(4):365-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92068005
Kerneis H; Estrade JF; Samuel-Lajeunesse B; Clinique des Maladies mentales et de l'Encephale, Paris.
There is an increasing incidence of neuro psychological impairment in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome patients. It is now recognized by certain authors as a 50 per cent (Nollet D. 88). This leads to increasing number of studies. As the AIDS epidemic continue psychiatrists have to become more familiar with this typ
Bertram VM; Bailey MP; Rocks BF; Biochemistry Department, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton,; UK.
Attempts to increase the sensitivity of fluorescein-based fluorescence immunoassays by using multiple labelling have generally been unsuccessful because of concentration quenching. We have labelled antibodies to human immunoglobulin G with multiple fluorescein fluorophores attached by means of a disulphide linkage: th
Four instrument-free, visually read assays for detection of HIV-1 antibody were evaluated using 1,133 serum specimens from blood donors and patients in a rural hospital in Northern Zaire . Sensitivity for the four assays ranged from 85.9% to 95.0% and specificity ranged from 88.5%
Saadjian A; Gueunoun M; Philip-Joet F; Magnan A; Ebagosti A; Garbe L; Arnaud A; Levy S; Service de cardiologie, CHU Nord, Marseille.
Severe pulmonary hypertension presenting as acute cor pulmonare was observed in a HIV positive heroin addict. The usual aetiological investigations were negative. The apparently primary pulmonary hypertension was resistant oxygen and vasodilator therapy and was fatal in 6 months. Anatomopathological examination reveal
Vesanen M; Linna T; Vaheri A; Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
We have studied human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in three different human neuroblastoma cell lines; SK-N-MC, IMR-32 and SH-SY5Y. In all of these cell lines the infection became productive. However, the virus expression was different as determined by the p24 antigen capture assays from culture supe
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1991 Sep;25(3):314-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92068147
Eisenberg L; Department of Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 02115.
The epidemiology of AIDS reflects interactions among biological, psychological and social factors. The immune response to the infectious agent is relatively ineffectual; the course of the disease it produces is chronic. The long interval between HIV infection and the appearance of clinical disease maximizes silent tra
Small peptides with activity as enzyme inhibitors, hormone antagonists, or other peptide mimetics, can be identified by synthesizing and screening large numbers of peptides as defined mixtures. Several coupling reactions, each with a different amino acid, can be conducted simultaneously and then combined to generate a
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Nov 27;181(1):498-505. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92068240
Burch HB; Nagy EV; Lukes YG; Cai WY; Wartofsky L; Burman KD; Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Army Medical Center,; Washington, D.C. 20307-5001.
A comparison of the nucleotide sequence of the human thyrotropin receptor (hTSH-R) with that of HIV-1 revealed 61% homology between a 161 base pair region encoding a unique portion of the hTSH-R and an immunogenic HIV-1 regulatory protein, nef. Amino acid analysis of this region shows 27% homology, including a segment
Ann Pathol. 1991;11(4):236-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92068278
Gray F; Geny C; Lionnet F; Dournon E; Fenelon G; Gherardi R; Poirier J; Departement de Neurosciences Medicales, Hopital Henri Mondor,; Creteil.
The central nervous system was examined in 135 adult AIDS patients who died between August 1982 and December 1990. Twenty two brains showed non-diagnostic changes including microglial nodules, discrete myelin pallor with reactive astrocytosis, mineralization of blood vessels and granular ependymitis. In 105 brains wit
Shih LY; Kuo TT; Dunn P; Liaw SJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,; Chang Gung Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Twenty-five Chinese patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) associated adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) were identified in Taiwan . No patients had been outside Taiwan and none were descendants of Japanese
Madhok R; Smith J; Jenkins A; Lowe GD; University Department of Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow.
Previous studies have indicated that factor VIII concentrates have a direct inhibitory effect on the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from normal volunteers. We have studied the effects of an intermediate and high purity factor VIII concentrate on haemophiliac PBMC. Intermediate puri
Herpes simplex infection of the genitals is a common condition, more often due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 than to type 1 virus. There is a severe first attack followed by mild recurrences which are more common and more frequent after HSV-2 than after HSV-1 genital infection. Clinical features with prodrome,
von Krogh G; Wikstrom A; Department of Dermatovenereology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm,; Sweden.
In order to estimate treatment resistance of condylomas, standardized records of 230 males aged 17-80 years (mean 27) attending at an STD clinic were analysed retrospectively. Anal warts occurred in 38 (17%) men; in 19 (50%) intranal warts were extensive enough to require further referral to the Department of Surgery.
Kelly H; Sesnan K; Disease Control Branch, Health Department of Western Australia,; Murray Street Clinic, Perth.
Sentinel testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection aims to monitor the HIV epidemic by testing subgroups of the population, and such testing has been carried out at the Murray Street Clinic in Perth, Western Australia since August 1989. This clinic is part of the
Law CL; Walker J; Qassim MH; STD Centre, Sydney Hospital, Australia.
In a study of bowel parasites in 128 Australian homosexual men attending a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic, Entamoeba histolytica was detected in 37%, Giardia intestinalis in 3% and at least one protozoan in 81% of the group. There was no evidence of pathogenicity of E. histolytica, nor was there any associ
Gruer LD; Peedle M; Carrington D; Clements GB; Follett EA; HIV and AIDS Resource Centre, Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow.
This study compared the distributions of known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among drug injectors in Glasgow over a 3.5 year period. Data were obtained from all relevant laboratory request forms submitted to Glasgow s 3 virology laboratories during the period 1 January
Mumtaz G; Ridgway GL; Clark S; Allason-Jones E; Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College Hospital,; London, UK.
First catch urine specimens from 312 male patients were examined for the presence of chlamydial antigen by an enzyme immunoassay (Chlamydiazyme). Positive results were repeated and confirmed using a blocking assay. In addition, urethral swabs were examined by cell culture for Chlamydia trachomatis. Discrepant results
Larsson PG; Platz-Christensen JJ; Sundstrom E; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital,; Skovde, Sweden.
The sexual behaviour of 400 women with and 400 women without bacterial vaginosis from a health screening programme was investigated by a questionnaire to see if women with bacterial vaginosis had similar behaviours to women considered at risk for STDs. These patients were randomly selected from computer records. Eight
Woolley PD; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital,; Sheffield, UK.
In a retrospective clinical audit of patient records to determine the value of examining the sexual partners of women with initial genital herpes , it was evident that only the regular partners attended for screening. Twenty-six per cent of women with initial genital herpes and 1
Szarewski A; Pompey A; Cronin D; Bertrand J; Bradbeer C; Thin RN; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital,; London, UK.
Five hundred and thirty-three women attending a genitourinary medicine clinic underwent concurrent cytology and Chlamydia trachomatis screening using a Cytobrush (Medscand AB). In each case, the same Cytobrush was used to give a sample for direct immunofluorescence and culture. 11.1% of samples were positive by immuno
Sperling RS; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York.
Human immunodeficiency virus infections complicating pregnancy have become a major public health problem worldwide. Infected women may transmit the virus to offspring and longitudinal studies have reported this risk to be from 13% to 40%. Differences in reported transmission risks are likely to be related to maternal
Scoular A; French P; Miller R; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London.
Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium and M. intracellulare (MAI) is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to both increased illness and death in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Early reports of treatment of MAI were disappointing but recent studies have shown that combinatio
Seth R; Granville-Grossman K; Goldmeier D; Lynch S; Bethlem Royal and Maudsley Hospital, London.
All referrals made to the liaison psychiatric service for HIV and AIDS patients over one year were reviewed. ICD-9 and CDC diagnoses were applied to each case at presentation. Sixty HIV-positive patients were assessed, of whom 35 had affective disorder, which was significantly associated with CDC group IV disease (AID
Maj M; Janssen R; Satz P; Zaudig M; Starace F; Boor D; Sughondhabirom B; Bing EG; Luabeya MK; Ndetei D; et al; World Health Organization, Division of Mental Health/Global; Programme on AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland.
The WHO launched a multicentre study to explore the nature and prevalence of HIV-1-associated neurological, psychiatric, and neuropsychological abnormalities in persons living in different geographical and sociocultural contexts. The study is being conducted in Brazil ,
Logsdail S; Lovell K; Warwick H; Marks I; Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London.
Seven cases are described in which the central symptoms were fear of contracting AIDS, avoidance of related cues, rituals and reassurance-seeking. Associated features include previous illness phobias and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Treatment with exposure and response prevention (plus a cognitive session in one cas
Bull World Health Organ. 1991;69(5):623-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92069801
Hu DJ; Kane MA; Heymann DL; Global Programme on AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland.
Recent reports of the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in health care settings have caused considerable public health concern. HIV as well as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and other bloodborne pathogens do constitute infectious hazards in certain settings. Transmission has been reported from patient to pat
Arlet G; Perol-Vauchez Y; Service de Bacteriologie-Virologie, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris,; France.
Cat-scratch disease (CSD) is a benign inoculative lymphoreticulosis, first described in independent reports by Pierre Mollaret [1] and Robert Debre in 1950 [2]. The disease usually self-limited, with spontaneous resolution occurring after several weeks, appears to be related to the presence of an identified gram-negat
Agostini C; Zambello R; Trentin L; Poletti V; Spiga L; Gritti F; Cipriani A; Salmaso L; Cadrobbi P; Semenzato G; Padua University School of Medicine, Department of Clinical; Medicine, Italy.
To investigate the prognostic utility of the morphologic and immunologic evaluation of BAL cell populations in determining mortality risk, we analyzed BAL data obtained from 115 patients infected with HIV-1. Forty fatal outcomes occurred within 73 patients with OI. The OI patients who died showed a significant increas
Klapholz A; Salomon N; Perlman DC; Talavera W; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York.
The role of Aspergillus species as a pathogen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has not been clearly defined. From 1984 to 1989, more than 2,000 AIDS patients were seen at Beth Israel Medical Center, New York. Aspergillus was isolated in ten patients; seven had invasive disease and three had noninvasive dis
Baron KM; Aranda CP; New York University Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care; Medicine, New York.
A 35-year-old man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented with a multitude of constitutional symptoms, fever, and marked intrathoracic lymphadenopathy. Results of initial diagnostic examination were unrevealing, and bronchoscopy with fine-gauge flexible transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) of s
Parker JS; Shellito J; Pei LA; Mason CM; Louisiana State University Medical Center, Department of; Medicine, New Orleans 70112-2822.
A 34-year-old woman seronegative for the human immunodeficiency virus presented with recurrent, bilateral pneumothoraces. She also had bibasilar interstitial and alveolar infiltrates, and histologic examination was consistent with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis. To our knowledge, this is the first documented cas
Autiero M; Abrescia P; Guardiola J; International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, University of; Naples, Italy.
We report in this paper the presence in the human seminal plasma of a glycoprotein capable of binding to CD4, a surface antigen expressed on the surface of T-cells, macrophages, and sperm cells, which acts as a coreceptor in antigen-mediated T-cell activation and as a receptor for the AIDS virus, HIV-1. This protein,
FEBS Lett. 1991 Nov 4;292(1-2):210-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92070492
Heder A; Paca-Uccaralertkun S; Boros I; Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Szeged,; Hungary.
The gene coding for the trans-activating factor (Tax) of the human T-cell leukemia virus, type I (HTLV-I) was mutagenized in vitro using oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis and recombinant DNA techniques. All except one of the mutagenized tax constructs failed to trans-activate the HTLV-I LTR in a eukaryotic test sys
FEBS Lett. 1991 Nov 4;292(1-2):25-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92070501
Omichinski JG; Clore GM; Sakaguchi K; Appella E; Gronenborn AM; Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes; and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
A 39-residue peptide (p7-DF) containing the two zinc binding domains of the p7 nucleocapsid protein was prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis. The solution structure of the peptide was characterized using circular dichroic and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in both the presence and absence of zinc ions. C
FEBS Lett. 1991 Nov 4;292(1-2):298-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92070512
Oswald M; von der Helm K; Pettenkofer Institute, University of Munich, Germany.
The retrovirus encoded proteinase (PR) is required for the proper maturation of viral particles into infectious virus. The PR had been considered highly substrate specific, cleaving exclusively the viral gag and gag-pol protein precursor. It has recently been reported, however, that cytoskeleton and other cellular fil
FEBS Lett. 1991 Nov 18;293(1-2):106-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92070535
Kobayashi M; Ohi Y; Asano T; Hayakawa T; Kato K; Kakinuma A; Hatanaka M; Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Takeda Chemical Industries,; Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) protease has been purified to homogeneity from a strain of recombinant Escherichia coli. The protease was expressed as a larger precursor, which was autoprocessed to form a mature protease. Protein chemical analyses revealed the coding sequence of mature protease, which agre
Gac Med Mex. 1991 Jan-Feb;127(1):75-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92070678
Benitez Bribiesca L; Unidad de Investigacion Clinica en Enfermedades Oncologicas,; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
Since the discovery and characterization of the Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV) it seems to be firmly established that these infectious agents are the cause of AIDS. Since a few years ago, however, we and other investigators have noted a number of unexplained facts that cast many doubts over the simplistic hypoth
Gac Med Mex. 1991 Mar-Apr;127(2):137-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92070684
Cano-Dominguez C; Villarreal-Urenda C; Gomez-Campos G; Ramirez-Cruz F; Becerra-Carmona G; Centro Medico La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
These is presented a study of 50 patients suffering TB and AIDS. The universe was divided in two: group I, when TB was considered the first manifestation of AIDS; (27 males and 2 females). Group II, when TB was preceded by some opportunistic infection, some kind of cancer, or some clinical symptoms compatible with was
Immunol Lett. 1991 Sep;30(1):31-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92070984
Argov S; Schattner A; Burstein R; Handzel ZT; Shoenfeld Y; Bentwich Z; Unit for Autoimmune Diseases, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheba,; Israel.
We have used ELISA to study the frequency of autoantibodies to several antigens in the serum of 17 male homosexuals (MHS) negative for HIV (HIV-), 11 asymptomatic HIV seropositive MHS (HIV+) and patients with ARC (N = 15) or AIDS (N = 13), and compared them to 20 matched healthy heterosexual controls. Serum antibody b
Int J Addict. 1991 Aug;26(8):859-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92071076
Schilling RF; el-Bassel N; Schinke SP; Nichols S; Botvin GJ; Orlandi MA; Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, New York; 10025.
Heterosexual contact with drug users is a major route of AIDS transmission. This study of 135 male and 109 female methadone maintenance patients described subjects sexual behavior, preventive practices and attitudes toward safer sex; explored ethnic-racial differences in high risk sexual behavior and attitudes; and e
Lipton RB; Feraru ER; Weiss G; Chhabria M; Harris C; Aronow H; Newman LC; Solomon S; Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY.
To define the causes, clinical significance and characteristics of headaches in HIV-1-related disorders, we studied 49 consecutive HIV-1 infected patients who presented with headache. Work-up included CT scans, cerebrospinal fluid examinations (in the absence of a contraindication) and serologic studies. Overall, 40 o
Coker RJ; Clark D; Claydon EL; Gompels M; Ainsworth JG; Lucas SB; Miller R; Goldin RD; Pinching AJ; Harris JR; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital and; Medical School, London.
Eight patients with AIDS and Pneumocystis carinii infection were studied. Protean manifestations were a feature not untypical of disseminated pneumocystosis. Aerosolised pentamidine as prophylaxis against P carinii pneumonia was ineffective at suppressing dissemination. The knowledge that extrapulmonary infection can
Wattel E; Mariotti M; Bignon JD; Agis F; Gordien E; Muller JY; Hors J; Lefrere JJ; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using three primer pairs in the pol, tax, and env regions of the HTLV-I genome, was unable to detect HTLV-I in the blood samples of 54 caucasian subjects with multiple sclerosis who were seronegative for HTLV-I/II. Seventeen HTLV-I/II seropositive (by ELISA and Western blot) subjec
Thomas HC; Karayiannis P; Brook G; Academic Department of Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London, United Kingdom.
Several randomised controlled trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of alpha-interferon in the therapy of chronic hepatitis B. In patients with HBe antigen-positive disease acquired in adult life the response rates vary from 25-50%. In those infected at birth, response rates are lower. Twenty-one pretre
Persistence of HBV replication (serum HBV-DNA and intrahepatic HBcAg) and markers of HBV-induced (IgM anti-HBc positive) liver disease in anti-HBe-positive patients characterize a peculiar form of chronic hepatitis B. This form of hepatitis B prevails in the Mediterranean Basin, Middle and Far East and is associated w
Ushijima H; Nakate H; Kohno H; Okuda K; Division of AIDS Virus, National Institute of Health, Tokyo,; Japan.
We have developed a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for the detection of anti-HIV antibody using purified virus, recombinant gp120 or a synthetic peptide derived from gp41. The results of time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay correlated well with those obtained by enzyme immunoassay and with the results of immunoblotting. T
Bialek R; Abken H; Zentrum fur Kinderheilkunde, Universitat Bonn, F.R.G.
A fluorometric assay using Hoechst 33342 to measure DNA in cell culture has been applied to detect mitogenic stimulation of human lymphocytes. Mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood of healthy donors and of HIV infected patients were stimulated with mitogens (PHA and ConA, respectively) in serum-free culture medi
Glenn PS; Nance-Spronson LE; McCartney M; Yesalis CE; St. Paul Ramsey Medical Center, Minnesota.
A descriptive study presents the results of a 31-item questionnaire surveying the attitudes, fears, and perceived risks regarding acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) of patients at a freestanding maternity center located in a Washington, DC, suburb. The nonprobability, convenience sample of 200 females consists
Yarbrough GG; Taylor DP; Fermentation Service, Panlabs Incorporated, Bothell, Washington.
Modern technology applied to the study of receptor proteins has revealed that distinct structural domains of these molecules subserve different functions. With many receptors it is known that a soluble, extracellular portion of the molecule is responsible for the recognition and binding of endogenous or exogenous liga
Ten years ago it might have been predicted that neurosyphilis would disappear, but this has not happened. It has altered in character so that almost all of the cases seen are meningovascular in type. Even with the acceleration of neurosyphilis that occurs with immunodeficiency it is unlikely that there will be a resur
Loimer N; Presslich O; Grunberger J; Linzmayer L; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vienna, Austria.
Every opportunity should be used to reduce the risk of HIV-1 infection and transmission among intravenous drug users (IVDUs). Methadone maintenance is widely accepted to keep the drug user away from risk-laden practices and to stop intravenous drug use. In order to minimize the diversion and intravenous abuse of metha
Med Clin (Barc). 1991 Oct 5;97(11):404-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92072371
Vergara de Campos A; Perez Moreno JM; Bascunana Quirell A; Torres Tortosa M; Perez Jimenez FJ; Perez Cortes S; Castillo Palma MJ; Perez Perez M; Lorente Campos J; Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real.
BACKGROUND: The epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations and survival were analyzed in 269 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosed in the province of Cadiz up to June 1970. METHODS: A multicenter protocol study including the 7 hospitals attending practically all of the populat
Minn Med. 1991 Oct;74(10):32-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92072523
Henry K; HIV/AIDS Clinic and Programs, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center.
AIDS cases attributable to heterosexual vaginal intercourse constitute a growing proportion of new AIDS cases in the United States . Major cofactors that possibly increase the efficiency of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 include genital ulcer disease, multiple sexual exposures, lack
The National AIDS Demonstration Research (NADR) Program of the National Institute on Drug Abuse evaluates community-based outreach and prevention efforts targeted to injecting-drug users (IDUs) and their sex partners. These sex partners who are not IDUs are at substantial risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Dec 1;88(23):10726-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92073360
Ohno T; Terada M; Yoneda Y; Shea KW; Chambers RF; Stroka DM; Nakamura M; Kufe DW; Nissin Molecular Biology Institute, Inc., Boston, MA 02215.
Previous studies have demonstrated that the principal neutralizing determinant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is located in the V3 loop of glycoprotein gp120. Antibodies prepared against this region using gp120 or peptides as immunogens have been predominantly HIV-1-isolate-specific. In the present stu
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Dec 1;88(23):10744-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92073364
Vahlne A; Horal P; Eriksson K; Jeansson S; Rymo L; Hedstrom KG; Czerkinsky C; Holmgren J; Svennerholm B; Department of Clinical Virology, University of Goteborg, Sweden.
Site-directed immunization was employed to identify sites on the envelope glycoprotein gp120 for antibody-mediated neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Antisera were raised in monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) against a series of 40 overlapping synthetic peptides covering the entire amino acid se
Lester D; Pitts J; Richard Stockton State College, Pomona, NJ 08240-9988.
69% of a sample of 54 male and 9 female police officers would have an anonymous test for AIDS. Willingness to have a test was associated with general self-protective behavior.
Ajdukovic D; Ajdukovic M; Department of Psychology, University of Zagreb, Yugoslavia.
This study addresses the relations between AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and behavior change among university students. A questionnaire covering such issues and personal background variables was administered to 750 students at the University of Zagreb. Over-all, 62.7% of the knowledge items were answered correctl
Dowell KA; Lo Presto CT; Sherman MF; Department of Psychology, Loyola College in Maryland, Baltimore; 21210.
This study examined three factors affecting college students attributions of blame for an AIDS patient s disease: sexual orientation of the patient, mode of HIV transmission, and the sex of the subject. 148 subjects read one of six vignettes describing an hypothetical AIDS patient who was described as either an heter
Duncan DF; Illinois Primary Health Care Association, Carbondale 62901-1352.
Bassman (1991) makes a valuable contribution to our knowledge of AIDS preventive behavior. The theoretical framework of object relations theory, however, is unnecessary for an understanding of Bassman s findings.
Carpenter JL; Parks JM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas 75235-8889.
The experience with Mycobacterium kansasii infections in patients who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas is presented, and the literature on such infections is reviewed. The absolute and relative paucity of reports of M. kansasii infections in HIV-positive pati
A case of hypothyroidism that manifested as depression and deteriorating functional status and that ultimately resulted in the death of a 41-year-old patient with AIDS is described. Postmortem examination revealed destruction of the thyroid gland by Kaposi s sarcoma. Analysis of stored serum samples revealed that the
Cutrona AF; Blinkhorn RJ; Crass J; Spagnuolo PJ; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of; Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44109.
Neutropenic enterocolitis is well documented in patients with leukemia or lymphoma who are recovering from the adverse effects of chemotherapy. We report two cases of probable neutropenic enterocolitis in two patients with AIDS who developed the syndrome during an episode of moderate neutropenia. To the best of our kn
Pena JM; Martinez-Lopez MA; Arnalich F; Barbado FJ; Vazquez JJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital La Paz, Universidad; Autonoma, Madrid, Spain.
Esophageal candidiasis, an opportunistic infection that generally occurs in the latest phases of infection due to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is currently a diagnostic criterion for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We recently treated one patient for esophageal candidiasis associated not with AID
Kristjansson M; Bieluch VM; Byeff PD; Department of Medicine, New Britain General Hospital, Connecticut; 06050.
Mycobacterium haemophilum, previously characterized as an unusual pathogen, is found primarily in immunocompromised hosts. This organism has stringent growth characteristics and may not be isolated using routine techniques. M. haemophilum infects the skin and underlying tissues, a circumstance which reflects the organ
Collins FM; Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, New York 12983.
Tuberculosis continues to be a serious public health problem worldwide. In Europe and the United States , it is now primarily a disease of the elderly; the alcoholic; the drug abuser; Central American, African, and Asian immigrants; and patients with AIDS. New and improved antituberculo
Pizzo PA; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Although the studies presented in this symposium illustrate the benefits of biologicals in treating patients whose immune systems have been compromised by congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies, it is likely that in the future these agents will also play a role in the management of immunocompetent persons suffering
Altogether 155 patients with a newly detected positive reaction to HIV (a human immunodeficiency virus) were investigated in the Republic of Burundi . Chest x-ray was done in 80 of them. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 2 of them, pneumonia (chronic, interstitial and bronchi
Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Dec;86(12):1729-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92074454
Parente F; Cernuschi M; Rizzardini G; Lazzarin A; Valsecchi L; Bianchi Porro G; Department of Gastroenterology, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy.
To determine the spectrum of esophageal disease responsible for dysphagia/odynophagia in AIDS patients not responding to current oral antifungals, we studied 49 consecutive patients whose esophageal symptoms failed to improve after a minimum of 3 wk of therapy with oral ketoconazole or fluconazole. An esophageal candi
Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Dec;86(12):1823-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92074472
Hadjiyane C; Lee YH; Stein L; Jayagopal S; Shih H; Pellecchia C; Department of Gastroenterology, Nassau County Medical Center,; East Meadow, New York.
A 31-yr-old woman presenting with abdominal complaints and fever was found to have linitis plastica on upper gastrointestinal series. Endoscopic studies confirmed these findings; however, pathology revealed the diagnosis to be Kaposi s sarcoma. We believe this to be the first case report of linitis plastica presenting
Frassetto L; Schoenfeld PY; Humphreys MH; Division of Nephrology, San Francisco General Hospital, CA 94110.
A survey of consultations to the Division of Nephrology at San Francisco General Hospital from 1982 to 1988 found only seven cases of proven or possible renal disease matching that described for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy (nephrotic proteinuria, rapidly progressive renal insufficiency, a
Muller-Quernheim J; Pfeifer S; Strausz J; Ferlinz R; IIIrd Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg; University, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany.
The evaluation of activation markers such as T4/T8 ratio and HLA-DR expression of lymphocytes of bronchoalveolar lavage (L-BAL) is an important clinical approach for the staging of sarcoidosis. However, it is not known to what extent this is paralleled by an exaggerated lymphocyte function. We investigated the depende
Milleron BJ; Costabel U; Teschler H; Ziesche R; Cadranel JL; Matthys H; Akoun GM; Centre de Pneumologie et de Reanimation Respiratoire, Hopital; Tenon, Paris, France.
In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) from nine patients with alveolar proteinosis (AP), total and differential cell count and T-lymphocyte phenotyping were done and compared with those in 12 healthy volunteers comparable as to age and tobacco consumption. Although total cell count was not significantly different from
Setoguchi Y; Takahashi S; Nukiwa T; Kira S; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University, School; of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) is a rare form of interstitial pneumonia with infiltration of mononuclear cells in the interstitium, the pathogenesis of which is unknown. We studied six patients with LIP to investigate the immunologic characteristics of lymphocytes in the lower respiratory tract and the possi
An Esp Pediatr. 1991 Sep;35(3):179-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92074693
Elorza Arizmendi JF; Leon Sebastia P; Tuset Ruiz C; Tacons Mateu J; Alvarez Angel V; Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital General Universitario, Valencia.
After programme a inquiry-type this carry out itself amongst the families that adopted children with antibodies from the human immunodeficiency virus (AcVIH) in, they communicate the facts collected about the problematic that raise their adoption. They provide some conclusions.
Int J Med Microbiol. 1991 Aug;275(3):351-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075111
Berlie HC; Petit JC; David HL; Laboratoire de Bacteriologie-Virologie, Faculte de Medecine,; Hopital Saint Antoine, Paris, France.
At a predetermined specificity of 100.0%, the sensitivity of ELISA using the PGL-Tb1 and SL-IV antigens and IgG assays was 35.0% for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in AIDS patients (44.1% when tuberculosis was diagnosed before AIDS, 21.7% when AIDS was diagnosed before tuberculosis). Serial assays in sera collected fro
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):791-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075334
Klaniecki J; Dykers T; Travis B; Schmitt R; Wain M; Watson A; Sridhar P; McClure J; Morein B; Ulrich JT; et al; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute Seattle,; WA.
A recombinant vaccinia virus in which the transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (BRU isolate) env gene is driven by the 11K late vaccinia promoter yields about 10-fold higher amounts of gp160 env protein upon infection of monkey cells than does a recombinant in which gp160 is expressed using the 7.5
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):799-805. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075335
Dimitrov DS; Golding H; Blumenthal R; Section on Membrane Structure and Function, NCI, NIH, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
Membrane fusion is an essential step in the infection of permissive cells with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Infected cells frequently fuse with each other, and then progress to form multinucleated giant cells (syncytia). To gain insight into mechanisms of HIV env-mediated membrane fusion, we developed a new ass
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):839-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075340
Wiseman G; Rubinstein A; Martinez P; Lambert S; Devash Y; Goldstein H; Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY.
The principal neutralizing domain (PND) for antibody response is located within the V3 variable region of gp120 and can also stimulate T-cell responses. In some adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) an HIV-1-specific T-cell response can be detected by demonstrating in vitro proliferation to HIV-1 pro
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):847-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075341
Kollmann TR; Rubinstein A; Lyman WD; Soeiro R; Goldstein H; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College; of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.
Passive immunity is conferred to the fetus by maternal antibodies, the majority of which are transported across the placenta during the third trimester of pregnancy. To determine the placental transport of anti-HIV-1 antibodies, serum from 5 women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and their abortuses we
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Sep;7(9):723-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075344
Vitkovic L; Wood GP; Major EO; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Human promonocyte cells chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV-1) (clone U1.1.5) were grown in the presence of media conditioned by human astrocytes and glioma cell lines U251 and 253. HIV-1 expression was assessed by measuring reverse transcriptase activity. All media conditioned by unstimul
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Sep;7(9):729-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075345
Frucht DM; Lamperth L; Vicenzi E; Belcher JH; Martin MA; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Previously described FVB/N mice harboring a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) long terminal repeat (LTR)/chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) transgene were treated with varying amounts of 254 nm UV-C radiation or 312 nm UV-B radiation. At optimal exposure periods, a 20-fold increase in HIV-LTR-directed expressio
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Sep;7(9):735-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075346
Douglas GC; Fry GN; Thirkill T; Holmes E; Hakim H; Jennings M; King BF; Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of; California, Davis 95616.
In order to investigate how human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gains entry to the placenta, we have performed in vitro experiments in which highly purified trophoblast cells isolated from term human placentas were examined for their susceptibility to HIV infection. Trophoblast cells were exposed to cell-free HIV-1 for
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Sep;7(9):741-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075347
Pitts TW; Bohanon MJ; Leach MF; McQuade TJ; Marschke CK; Merritt JA; Wierenga W; Nicholas JA; Department of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, Upjohn; Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI 49007.
Sera were obtained from 50 individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 or from HIV-1-uninfected individuals before or after vaccination with recombinant gp160. These sera were evaluated for activity antagonistic to the cell-killing activity of the chimeric Pseudomonas exotoxin hybrid protein, sCD4-PE
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Sep;7(9):751-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075348
Tornevik Y; Jacobsson B; Britton S; Eriksson S; Department of Biochemistry I, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Azidothymidine ( AZT ) inhibits the replication of human immunodeficiency virus and it is the only drug so far licensed for treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A prerequisite for its antiviral activity is phosphorylation by cellular
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Sep;7(9):761-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075349
Aguilar JJ; Anel A; Torres JM; Semmel M; Uriel J; Institut de Recherches Scientifiques sur le Cancer (CNRS),; Villejuif, France.
The possible differences in lipid composition between human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV) infected and uninfected PHA-activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) have been studied. The total fatty acid composition was similar, except for the proportion of arachidonic acid, that was slightly higher in inf
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Sep;7(9):773-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075351
Bettens F; Pichler CE; Herrmann B; de Weck AL; Pichler WJ; Institute for Clinical Immunology, Inselspital, Bern,; Switzerland.
To analyze the proliferative capacity of CD4+ or CD8+ T-cell subsets of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and to optimize the in vitro conditions for virus replication, CD4+ or CD8+ cells of HIV-1-infected patients were selectively activated inside the whole peripheral blood mononuc
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Sep;7(9):781-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075352
Johnson JP; Hebel R; Shinaberry R; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
We endeavored to study lymphoproliferative responses in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and to compare them with normal control children. Children were grouped according to age; 6-18 months and greater than 18 months, and according to CDC classification: asymptomatic (P1), mildly symptomatic
Ann Ital Med Int. 1991 Jan-Mar;6(1 Pt 2):162-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075469
Monteverde A; Pileri S; II Divisione di Medicina, Ospedale Maggiore di Novara, Italy.
In spite of the recent progress in the biology and histogenesis of the lymphoproliferative diseases, many doubts still remain about their possible evolution. On the one hand, many cases have been studied showing a benign course in spite of a typical monoclonal phenotype; on the other, some clinically aggressive forms
Schnetler JF; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, John Radcliffe; Hospital, Oxford.
The risk of transmission of HIV through blood and saliva splashes to the mucous membranes around the face is unknown. Orthopaedic surgeons are very aware of possible risks and are beginning to take appropriate precautions. This present study indicates that oral and maxillofacial surgeons have similar risk factors, and
Bacchetti P; Jewell NP; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California, San Francisco 94110.
Estimation of the incubation period distribution of human immunodeficiency virus based on prevalent cohorts of subjects, already infected at the time of recruitment, is complicated by the absence of information on the original times of infection. Here, we overcome this difficulty by using a prior distribution for the
Blood. 1991 Dec 15;78(12):3148-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075960
Levine JD; Allan JD; Tessitore JH; Falcone N; Galasso F; Israel RJ; Groopman JE; Department of Medicine, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, MA.
To evaluate the effect of recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) who were intolerant to zidovudine because of neutropenia, we performed a randomized, open-label study in which patients were assigned
Blood. 1991 Dec 15;78(12):3269-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075976
Matutes E; Brito-Babapulle V; Swansbury J; Ellis J; Morilla R; Dearden C; Sempere A; Catovsky D; Academic Department of Haematology and Cytogenetics, Royal; Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
We describe the clinical and laboratory findings of 78 adult patients with T-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) studied over the last 12 years. The main disease features were splenomegaly (73%), lymphadenopathy (53%), hepatomegaly (40%), skin lesions (27%), and a high leukocyte count (greater than 100 x 10(9)/L in 75%) w
Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1991;25(3):201-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92076181
Ridel PR; Artus JC; Capron A; Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Pointe a Pitre, France.
In Guadeloupe , a Caribbean island with a high prevalence of HTLV-I infected subjects, the percentage of false positive results for HIV IgG is high, requiring additional time and expense for confirmatory tests. This article describes
De The G; Unite d'epidemiologie des virus oncogenes, Institut Pasteur,; Paris.
Human T cell leukemia virus type I and II are endemic in South West Japan and in large parts of the equatorial belt in Central and South America, in Africa, and in some Pacific islands, areas where 1 to 5% of the general populations are infected. Pockets of high prevalence up to 15%
Cancer Res. 1991 Dec 15;51(24):6686-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92076404
Vogel J; Hinrichs SH; Napolitano LA; Ngo L; Jay G; Jerome H. Holland Laboratory, American Red Cross, Rockville,; Maryland 20855.
Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at risk to develop a variety of different cancers. Based on epidemiological data, Kaposi s sarcoma and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma have been clearly associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Additional c
From June 1986 to March 1990, a prospective seroprevalence survey and questionnaire of individuals at risk for HIV infection was conducted with volunteers in Winnipeg. Of 610 individuals enrolled, 146 were injected drug users (IDU). Fifteen IDU were in a methadone treatment program and all were seronegative. Three of
Kilpatrick DC; Hague RA; Yap PL; Mok JY; Department of Transfusion Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh,; Scotland.
Tissue-typing for HLA-A, B, and DR antigens was carried out on 53 babies, 47 of them unrelated, born to mothers known to be HIV-infected from intravenous drug usage or sexual contact with drug users. These babies were followed up to assess whether HLA phenotype was associated with vertical transmission of HIV infectio
Drinkard CR; Decher L; Little JW; Rhame FS; Balfour HH Jr; Rhodus NL; Merry JW; Walker PO; Miller CE; Volberding PA; et al; School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of periodontal health and human immunodeficiency virus infection among individuals in the early stages of disease who were participating in randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials of zidovudine. Previous reports have described a rapidly progressive period
Soskolne V; Aral SO; Magder LS; Reed DS; Bowen GS; Hebrew University/Hadassah School of Public Health and Community; Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
A survey of 16,632 women attending family planning clinics in Pennsylvania found that only 13 percent of the sample used condoms. Moreover, 67 percent of the women with regular partners never used condoms with those partners, and 72 percent of women who had casual partners never used them with those partners. Levels o
Balasch J; Pumarola T; Jove IC; Coll O; Vanrell JA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Clinic i; Provincial, C/Casanova, Barcelona, Spain.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody in infertility. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional blind study. SETTING: An infertility clinic in Barcelona. PATIENTS: Three hundred thirty-five consecutive patients (308 infertile women and 27 spontaneous recurrent aborters) were seen
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1991 Sep;13(5):305-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92077409
O'Connell RA; Sireci SN Jr; Fastov ME; Cueva JE; Luck D; Nathanson MR; Van Heertum RL; Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent's Hospital, New York, NY.
Cerebral single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), a method of functional brain imaging, measures cerebral blood flow and metabolism. This paper describes the imaging procedure and several cases where cerebral SPECT was of use in the differential diagnosis of medically ill patients who also presented with ps
Fridrik MA; Hausmaninger H; Michlmayr G; Haidinger R; Seewann HL; Lehnert M; 1st Department of Medicine, AoKh-Linz, Austria.
A combination of two non-cross-resistant regimens, CEOP and IMVP-Dexa given every 4 weeks, three to six times according to response was tested in patients with untreated histological proven high and intermediate grade non-Hodgkin s lymphoma . To date eight Austrian centres entered 3
Hospitals. 1991 Dec 20;65(24):34-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92077635
With attention turning to the nation s domestic problems and the 1992 presidential election coming up, the last quarter of 1991 saw a marked increase in the number of editorials and opinion pieces devoted to health care topics. Many newspapers and magazines targeted the broader--and thornier--issue of national health
Kahn E; Greco MA; Daum F; Magid M; Morecki R; Mahnovski V; Anderson V; North Shore University Hospital-Cornell University Medical; College, Manhasset, NY 11030.
In a retrospective study we assessed the hepatic changes in children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome by reviewing 12 biopsy specimens and 48 autopsy specimens from 54 children. Hepatopathology differed in biopsy and autopsy material. In biopsy specimens, chronic active hepatitis with predominantly T8 lymph
The impact of HIV and AIDS on the family is described, with particular focus on the situation where the child is the first member of the family to be diagnosed. The results of the social stigma, the effect on relationships together with the global, economic and cultural aspects of the disease make it unique. These iss
Philpot CR; Harcourt CL; Edwards JM; Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, NSW, Australia.
OBJECTIVE--To determine risk factors for the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), including injecting drug use (IDU), sexual behaviour and other sexually transmissible diseases (STDs), in female prostitutes who attended the Sydney Sexual Health (previously STD) Centre. DESIGN--We surveyed by questionnai
McGowan I; Potter M; George RJ; Michaels L; Sinclair E; Scaravilli F; Miller RF; Univerisity College of Middlesex School of Medicine, Middlesex; Hospital, London.
Int J Addict. 1991 Oct;26(10):1089-105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92077792
van Hoeven KH; Stoneburner RL; Rooney WC Jr; New York City Department of Health, New York.
In a sample of over 2,500 medical charts from inmates arrested in 1986 in New York City, the rate of intravenous drug use peaked at 43% in male inmates aged 36 to 40. Younger inmates had progressively lower rates of intravenous drug use. Inmates detained for longer time periods and female inmates had particularly high
Getchell J; Hausler WJ Jr; Ramirez M; University of Iowa's State Hygienic Laboratory, Iowa City.
A blinded survey of HIV infection in childbearing women is being conducted in 43 states and territories. After one year of participation in the survey, 6 of 37,846 women bearing live children in Iowa were found to be infected with HIV.
Baron DA; Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Central nervous system (CNS) manifestations are common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The most common CNS syndrome is a dementing illness referred to as the AIDS dementia complex, in which motor and cognitive changes may also be seen. Neurodiagnosti
J Public Health Policy. 1991 Autumn;12(3):345-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92078407
McAlister AL
Behavioral science provides useful ideas about how programs of mass communication and community participation can produce synergistic influences on the lifestyles and policy decisions of populations and their representatives. Media campaigns featuring real-life behavior models and community networks mobilized to promo
Moore SM; Rosenthal DA; School of Graduate Studies, Education Faculty, Monash University,; Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
This study investigated the relationship between sexual risk taking and attitudes to AIDS precautions among a sample of approximately 1000 non-virgin adolescents attending 15 colleges and universities in Victoria, Australia . Four attitudinal dimensions were isolated: Antiprecaut
Rotheram-Borus MJ; Becker JV; Koopman C; Kaplan M; Division of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY; 10032.
This study assessed general knowledge of AIDS, beliefs about preventing AIDS, and sexual behavior among two groups of male adolescents at high risk of HIV/AIDS: 60 sexually delinquent males and 57 non-delinquent runaway males. Significantly fewer sexually delinquent than non-delinquent (runaway) males had experienced
Chen MS; Center for Health Administration Studies, University of Chicago,; IL 60637.
This paper attempts to expand on a model from the theory of reasoned action to help us identify and better understand the reasons dentists do or do not treat dental patients with, or at risk for, AIDS. We propose in the model that the dentist s actual behavior in treating dental patients with, or at risk for, AIDS, in
Jones DL; Rankin KV; Rees TD; Department of Community Dentistry, University of Texas Health; Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7917.
This study examined how differences in infection control procedures and patients perceived knowledge of infection control, and how AIDS and hepatitis might affect attitudes toward the use of such measures. Patients receiving treatment at two sites where the methods of infection control and the frequency of their use
Butcher AH; Manning DT; O'Neal EC; Tulane University, New Orleans.
A follow-up study explored the prevalence of behavioral risk factors for HIV infection in a population of college students. Two hundred forty-three single students ranging in age from 17 to 24 years who identified themselves as heterosexual completed questionnaires related to planned and unplanned sexual intercourse a
Walker C; Kaegi MK; Braun P; Blaser K; Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Davos.
Activated T-lymphocytes may regulate the eosinophilic inflammation of bronchial asthma. In the present study, we investigated T cell activation and eosinophilia in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in 17 patients with asthma not receiving steroid treatment. Compared to normal individuals, BAL from patients with a
Pottipati AR; Dave PB; Gumaste V; Vieux U; Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Services-City Hospital; Center, Elmhurst, New York 11373.
We present two human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients; each was diagnosed with tuberculous abscess of the liver and treated with good clinical response. A review of the literature indicates there is no typical clinical presentation. A high index of suspicion plus special stains of tissue material are req
J La State Med Soc. 1991 Sep;143(9):39-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92078734
Trachtman L; Louisiana Dept. of Health and Hospitals, Office of Public Health,; New Orleans.
The purpose of the article is to acquaint readers of the JOURNAL with the requirements of state regulation of infectious waste, especially as it pertains to individual physicians and their medical offices. A brief historical perspective is given, followed by a brief summary of pertinent data relating to disease transm
Beilke MA; Minagawa H; Stone G; Leon-Monzon M; Gibbs CJ Jr; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Although the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is frequently isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of infected patients, only a small percentage of patients are found to have clinical dementia or neuropathies (or both). The reasons for this remain unclear. In our study, s
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), in contrast to animal retroviruses such as murine leukemia virus, is not lysed by human complement. Nevertheless, HIV-1 activates complement via the classical pathway independent of antibody, and C3b deposition facilitates infection of complement receptor-bearing cells. Usi
Koup RA; Pikora CA; Luzuriaga K; Brettler DB; Day ES; Mazzara GP; Sullivan JL; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical; School, Worcester 01655.
The presence of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to the gag antigens of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been described in infected populations. We found that the majority of this immune response as measured in bulk CTL assays of unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) is directed against the p24 com
Freedman AR; Gibson FM; Fleming SC; Spry CJ; Griffin GE; Division of Communicable Diseases, St. George's Hospital Medical; School, London, United Kingdom.
Normal human bone marrow, cultured in vitro with interleukin 5 to promote eosinophil production and maturation, was inoculated with cell-free isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). CD4 expression by eosinophil precursors, determined by immunocytochemistry, was found to be greatest early in their matu
J Okla State Med Assoc. 1991 Oct;84(10):516-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92079142
Smallwood KG; Kick SD; Beal JA; Saizow RB; Jarolim DR; Adult Medicine Clinic, OUHSC, Tulsa, OK 74129.
A retrospective review of the medical records of 45 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease was conducted in an Oklahoma internal medicine teaching clinic. Demographics of this patient population and house staff performance in the care of these patients was evaluated. The study population demographics
Van der Velde FW; Van der Pligt J; University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The purpose of this study was to examine Rogers protection motivation theory and aspects of Janis and Mann s conflict theory in the context of AIDS-related health behavior. Subjects were 84 heterosexual men and women and 147 homosexual men with multiple sexual partners; LISREL s path-analysis techniques were used to
JAMA. 1991 Dec 25;266(24):3439-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92079337
Quinn TC; Kline RL; Halsey N; Hutton N; Ruff A; Butz A; Boulos R; Modlin JF; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
OBJECTIVES--To evaluate the clinical utility of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-IgA serological assay for diagnosis of perinatally acquired HIV infection. DESIGN--Coded serum samples prospectively collected from children born to HIV-infected mothers and uninfected mothers were analyzed by HIV-IgA immunoblot. SETT
JAMA. 1991 Dec 25;266(24):3443-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92079338
Landesman S; Weiblen B; Mendez H; Willoughby A; Goedert JJ; Rubinstein A; Minkoff H; Moroso G; Hoff R; Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Brooklyn 11203-2098.
OBJECTIVE--To ascertain the sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and clinical use of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-IgA immunoblot assay for diagnosing perinatal HIV infection in infants tested at birth to 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months of age. DESIGN--Prospective, longitudinal cohort study of children b
Royal W 3d; Updike M; Selnes OA; Proctor TV; Nance-Sproson L; Solomon L; Vlahov D; Cornblath DR; McArthur JC; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
A group of 109 HIV seropositive and 51 seronegative intravenous drug users was evaluated for the presence of HIV-1-related neurologic disease using clinical, neurologic, neuropsychological, and electrophysiologic evaluations. About 80% of HIV seropositive subjects had less than two constitutional symptoms. CD4 cell co
Bhigjee AI; Wiley CA; Wachsman W; Amenomori T; Pirie D; Bill PL; Windsor I; Department of Medicine, University of Natal, South Africa.
A 49-year-old South African man developed a rapidly progressive myelopathy 14 months after blood transfusion and died 1 year after the onset of symptoms. Detailed pathologic examination of the spinal cord was consistent with the diagnosis of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Although
Gardner HA; Martinez AJ; Visvesvara GS; Sotrel A; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.
A 39-year-old man with AIDS died after developing a variety of neurologic symptoms and signs. CT showed multiple enhancing lesions in the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum. Postmortem examination revealed parenchymal hemorrhagic and necrotizing lesions with a thrombo-occlusive vasculitis due to Acanthamoeba, which w
Delvecchio G; Brancato V; Divisione di Malattie Infettive OO.RR., USSL n. 25, Clusone,; Bergamo.
One hundred and eighty-seven heroin addicts resident in Valle Seriana Superiore were monitored from July 1985 to July 1989. This sample was representative of a total population of drug addicts estimated at some 350 subjects, 90 of whom (48.1%) were HIV-positive in Elisa assays and Western blot control tests. Six patie
N Z Med J. 1991 Nov 27;104(924):499-500. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92080226
Bosma TJ; Croxson MC; Thomas MG; Department of Virology, Auckland Hospital.
The HIV-1 infection status of two HIV-1 antibody positive infants born to HIV-1 infected mothers was determined using the polymerase chain reaction. HIV-1 genomic sequences were not detected in the white blood cells of either infant suggesting that they were not infected. HIV-1 genomic sequences were detected in the w
Dawson D; Anargyros P; Blacklock Z; Chew W; Dagnia H; Gow B; Jackson K; Sievers A; Laboratory of Microbiology and Pathology, Queensland Department; of Health, Brisbane, SA.
The Special Interest Group in Mycobacteria within the Australian Society for Microbiology has carried out a collaborative study of cases of tuberculosis diagnosed in Australian reference laboratories in the years 1986, 1987 and 1988. Annual totals of 574, 584 and 613 respectively, suggest that the incidence of bacteri
To date more than 150 patients with Mycobacterium malmoense disease have been reported. These infections are rare and only in one case, so far not published, is this species associated with Aids. Most reported cases were seen in northern Europe. We present three pulmonary cases from
Tuzin D; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
The apocalyptic threat of AIDS, combined with recent ethnological developments, is promoting an anthropological rediscovery of sex. If this rediscovery is to have important and lasting effects on the development of theory, a stock-taking is in order--one which examines anthropology s historical, methodological, and pr
Vance CS; Division of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University School of; Public Health, New York, NY 10032.
Despite its reputation for openness to research on sexuality, anthropology as a discipline has only reluctantly supported such work. Anthropological research and theory developed slowly, sharing a stable theoretical paradigm (the cultural influence model) from the 1920s to the 1990s. Moving beyond determinist and esse
Mak RP; Plum JR; Department of Hygiene and Social Medicine, University Hospital,; Ghent State University, Belgium.
From December 1988 till April 1989 154 women who worked in clubs (120) and behind windows (34) in and around Ghent, Belgium , were interviewed about knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in
S Afr Med J. 1991 Dec 7;80(11-12):592-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92080955
Joubert J; van As AD; Lecatsas G; Bos P; Department of Neurology, University of Southern Africa, Pretoria.
Tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) has been reported from various parts of the world for several decades. Recently reports have emerged from Japan and also countries in tropical zones associating endemic TSP with abnormally high titres of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus typ
A study on the appropriateness of blood and blood product transfusions took place in three hospitals over a 3-week period in July/August 1990 in the Ashanti region of Ghana . Clinical records of all blood transfusion recipients within the period were examined for the appropriateness
Vet Rec. 1991 Oct 5;129(14):308-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081157
Dalgleish R; Callanan JJ; McNeil PE; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow; Veterinary School.
An 18-month-old Friesian heifer had several unusual, raised, black, cutaneous plaques, some of which were up to 20 cm in diameter, on its head and neck, limbs, thorax and perineum. There was also generalised lymphadenopathy. A clinical diagnosis of lymphosarcoma (sporadic bovine leukosis) was derived from a fine needl
Am Fam Physician. 1991 Dec;44(6):2055-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081571
Herr RD; Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Utah School of; Medicine, Salt Lake City.
Acute sinusitis in adults is manifested by fever, facial pain and purulent rhinorrhea, but children--who rarely have headache or facial tenderness--have persistent cough in addition to fever and purulent rhinorrhea. Sinus transillumination is diagnostically useful only in adults. In children, maxillary sinus radiograp
Am Fam Physician. 1991 Dec;44(6):2065-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081572
Sadovsky R; Department of Family Practice, State University of New York; Health Science Center, Brooklyn.
Psychosocial issues are a major factor in the quality of life of a patient with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. To provide effective, supportive care, the physician must assess the patient s psychosocial needs, with an understanding of the patient s sociocultural background. Good communication and a m
Am J Cardiol. 1991 Dec 1;68(15):1511-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081633
Rodriguez ER; Nasim S; Hsia J; Sandin RL; Ferreira A; Hilliard BA; Ross AM; Garrett CT; Department of Pathology, George Washington University Medical; Center, D.C.
Two hundred fifteen patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) participated in a prospective longitudinal study of HIV-related heart disease. Evaluation included signal-averaged electrocardiography and echocardiography. Fifteen patients underwent endomyocardial biopsy, 5 had cardiovascular symptoms and
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Nov 15;134(10):1159-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081734
Upchurch DM; Weisman CS; Shepherd M; Brookmeyer R; Fox R; Celentano DD; Colletta L; Hook EW 3d; Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA School of Public; Health.
Epidemiologic studies exploring risks for sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus infection, typically rely on self-report of sexual behaviors. Estimates of the incidence and prevalence of sexual practices are important measures for assessment of behavioral interventions as well as for ex
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Nov 15;134(10):1175-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081736
Anthony JC; Vlahov D; Nelson KE; Cohn S; Astemborski J; Solomon L; Department of Mental Hygiene, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
To examine whether recent intravenous use of cocaine might be associated with increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection, the authors studied 2,597 active intravenous drug users: 2,399 with recent cocaine injection and 198 with recent injection of heroin or other drugs but not cocaine. These
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Nov 15;134(10):1190-205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081737
Hoover DR; Munoz A; Carey V; Chmiel JS; Taylor JM; Margolick JB; Kingsley L; Vermund SH; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
The authors studied the historical spread of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in homosexual/bisexual men and projected its future spread in these men using data from an AIDS-free cohort recruited during late 1984 in Baltimore, Maryland; Chicago, Illinois; Los Angeles, California; and Pittsburgh, P
Am J Hematol. 1991 Dec;38(4):261-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081742
Rarick MU; Montgomery T; Groshen S; Sullivan-Halley J; Jamin D; Mazumder A; Gill PS; Loureiro C; Levine AM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern; California School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
Fourteen patients with sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related immune thrombocytopenia were treated with intravenous gammaglobulin (IVIG). The patients were treated with a uniform program consisting of 1 g/kg of IVIG on day 1 and day 2, followed by 1 g/kg on day 15. Most patients had pretreatme
Am J Hematol. 1991 Dec;38(4):327-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081754
Routy JP; Beaulieu R; Monte M; Saint-Louis J; Sauvageau G; Toma E; AIDS Unit, Hotel-Dieu de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Two homosexual HIV1-positive male patients with thrombotic thrombopenic purpura (TTP) were found to have past history of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The first patient had ITP 10 months prior to TTP and was successfully treated by splenectomy. The second patient had ITP 32 months before TTP. No specific treatment wa
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1576-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081884
Chirgwin K; DeHovitz JA; Dillon S; McCormack WM; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Brooklyn.
BACKGROUND. Recently there has been a rise in genital ulcer disease (GUD) in urban minority heterosexuals in the United States . The impact of these increased GUD rates on HIV transmission patterns in this population is unknown. METHODS. Sexually transmitted disease (STD) diagnoses were
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1580-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081885
Wenger NS; Linn LS; Epstein M; Shapiro MF; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles.
BACKGROUND. We evaluated the effect of HIV antibody testing on sexual behavior and communication with sexual partners about AIDS risk among heterosexual adults at a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. METHODS. We randomized 186 subjects to receive either AIDS education alone (the control group) or AIDS education
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1586-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081886
Cleary PD; Van Devanter N; Rogers TF; Singer E; Shipton-Levy R; Steilen M; Stuart A; Avorn J; Pindyck J; Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; MA 02115.
BACKGROUND. To learn more about how people who did not volunteer for testing react to information about HIV infection, we assessed short-term behavior changes in HIV-positive blood donors. METHODS. Blood donors who were notified at the New York Blood Center that they were HIV positive were asked to participate in a st
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1591-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081887
McCaig LF; Hardy AM; Winn DM; Division of Health Interview Statistics, National Center for; Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD 20782.
BACKGROUND. Accurate information about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is important for prevention. This study determined whether AIDS knowledge varied among populations residing in areas with a low, medium, or high incidence of AIDS. METHODS. Respondents to the 1988 Na
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1596-601. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081888
Holtzman D; Anderson JE; Kann L; Arday SL; Truman BI; Kolbe LJ; Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for; Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for; Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
BACKGROUND. The prevalence of HIV-related behaviors and determinants of these behaviors among adolescents in the United States have not been well studied. METHODS. To determine the prevalence of HIV-related drug behaviors and to assess the effects of HIV-related school-based instructio
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1602-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081889
Grund JP; Kaplan CD; Adriaans NF; EUR Addiction Research Institute (IVO), Erasmus University; Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
BACKGROUND. Needle sharing has been reported to be the main cause of the rapid spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among injecting drug users. Risk behaviors such as needle sharing are, however, the end result of complicated interaction patterns in drug user networks, which have their specific rules and r
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1638-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081896
Hingson RW; Strunin L; Grady M; Strunk N; Carr R; Berlin B; Craven DE; Boston University School of Public Health and Medicine, MA 02118.
In 1990, 3049 Boston public middle and high school students were surveyed anonymously in English, Spanish, Vietnamese, Chinese, French, or Haitian Creole. Significantly fewer immigrant students, 35% of those surveyed, knew the principal modes of human immunodeficiency virus transmission. Fewer immigrants reported havi
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1642-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081897
Siegal HA; Carlson RG; Falck R; Li L; Forney MA; Rapp RC; Baumgartner K; Myers W; Nelson M; Wright State University, School of Medicine, Substance Abuse; Intervention Program, Dayton, Ohio 45401.
We studied behavioral factors that place intravenous drug users at risk for the acquisition and transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a sample of 855 individuals not in drug treatment, living in central and southwestern Ohio. The HIV seropositivity rate for the sample was 1.5%. Three factors were s
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1645-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081898
Boekeloo BO; Marx ES; Kral AH; Coughlin SC; Bowman M; Rabin DL; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Department of Community; and Family Medicine, Washington, DC 20007.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends that all primary care physicians assess the sexually transmitted disease/human immunodeficiency virus (STD/HIV) risk of all adolescent and adult patients. To determine whether factors amenable to change through continuing medical education are associated with frequent a
Am J Public Health. 1991 Dec;81(12):1648-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081899
Fife D; McAnaney J; Rahman MA; AIDS Activities Coordinating Office, Philadelphia Department of; Health, PA 19107.
In an effort to improve AIDS case reporting, site visits (meetings with hospital staff to encourage reporting) were made to all Philadelphia hospitals. Comparisons of hospitals visited during a 7-week period with hospitals not visited during that period indicated that the site visits were followed by a marked increase
Ann Emerg Med. 1991 Dec;20(12):1341-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081991
Go GW; Baraff LJ; Schriger DL; Emergency Medicine Center, UCLA School of Medicine.
The purpose of this article is to propose specific management guidelines for the immediate emergency department and subsequent occupational health treatment of health care workers (HCWs) following accidental exposures to blood or body fluids. These guidelines are based on a collective review of the literature and the
Ann Emerg Med. 1991 Dec;20(12):1351-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081992
Callaham ML; University of California, San Francisco.
Sound scientific information with which to determine the true efficacy of zidovudine for prophylaxis will probably not be available soon. Physicians should educate themselves thoroughly on the issues. It is highly recommended that thoughtful discussions of the issue of transmission of HIV from health personnel to pati
Ann Pediatr (Paris). 1991 Oct;38(8):563-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92082119
Leroy J; Amsallem D; Estavoyer JM; Debieuvre D; Bertrand AM; Destuynder R; Noir A; Service des Maladies Infectieuses, CHU, Besancon.
Health care professionals who are not adequately informed may have irrational attitudes when caring for HIV-infected pediatric patients. Prevention of contamination rests on thorough knowledge of high-risk pediatric groups and of potentially contaminating situations. In the delivery room and in intensive care settings
Ruttimann S; Hilti P; Spinas GA; Dubach UC; Medical Outpatient Clinic, University Hospital, Basel,; Switzerland.
We conducted a controlled trial to determine frequency and severity of autonomic neuropathy in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We studied 25 HIV-seropositive patients and 10 seronegative controls in HIV risk groups by means of five cardiovascular tests, and autonomic neuropathy was grade
Stevens DA; Greene SI; Lang OS; Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San; Jose, CA 95128.
Recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis is common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex. It causes local pain and discomfort, loss of taste, and aversion to food and may lead to secondary complications. We examined, in a double-blind study, whether r
Gerber AR; Valdiserri RO; Johnson CA; Schwartz RE; Hancock JS; Hearn TL; Division of Laboratory Systems, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, Ga 30333.
In May 1988, the Centers for Disease Control s Model Performance Evaluation Program (Atlanta, Ga) surveyed 1092 laboratories that performed enzyme immunoassays and Western blot tests for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 antibody on mailed plasma samples of known human immunodeficiency virus type 1 antibody reactivi
Burns DK; Risser RC; White CL 3d; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center, Dallas 75235-9072.
Postmortem neuropathologic changes were evaluated in 141 consecutive patients dying with human immunodeficiency virus infection at publicly supported hospitals affiliated with the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, between August 1984 and September 1990. Morphologic abnormalities were identifie
Nichols L; Florentine B; Lewis W; Sattler F; Rarick MU; Brynes RK; Department of Pathology, Los Angeles County-University of; Southern California Medical Center 90033.
In a series of 342 bone marrow examinations from 314 patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, 70 examinations (20%) detected opportunistic mycobacterial or fungal infections. One hundred eleven of the 314 patients had such infections, and, hence, 63% (70/111) were detected by bone marrow examination. Spec
Harding CV; Department of Pathology, Washington University School of; Medicine, St Louis, Mo. 63110.
Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are subject to a host of opportunistic infections, but to our knowledge a predisposition to blastomycosis has not previously been established. Autopsies of two patients with AIDS revealed disseminated blastomycosis with massive pulmonary involvement, Blastomyces
DeRoux SJ; Adsay NV; Ioachim HL; Department of Pathology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY 10021.
Pneumocystosis, the most common opportunistic infection associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is usually restricted to the lungs and results in severe bilateral pneumonia, which is fatal unless vigorously treated. Rare cases have been reported in which involvement of other organs or disseminated dise
Zebrowska G; Walsh NM; Department of Pathology, Victoria General Hospital, Halifax, Nova; Scotia, Canada.
We describe a case of acute appendicitis precipitated by human immunodeficiency virus-related Kaposi s sarcoma of the appendix. This presentation in an otherwise asymptomatic homosexual man led to the establishment of a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Immediate follow-up revealed multicentric gastroin
Moore JA; Frenkel JK; Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center,; Kansas City.
A 24-year-old homosexual man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented with intractable diarrhea and fever. Examination of a rectal biopsy specimen and stool revealed Cryptosporidium. Approximately 4 months after admission he developed respiratory failure and died. Postmortem examination revealed cryptosporidi
Xerri L; Guigou V; Lepidi H; Horschowski N; Lejeune C; Hassoun J; Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, Centre Anti-Cancereux,; Marseilles, France.
A 56-year-old man presented with an inguinal lymph node enlargement. Histologic study of the tumor revealed three intermingled pathologic lesions: a nodular small cell lymphoma, an angiofollicular hyperplasia of vasculohyaline type, and a vascular neoplasia closely resembling Kaposi s sarcoma. The patient was immunoco
Kahn DG; Rothman PJ; Weisman JD; Department of Pathology, Sherman Oaks Community Hospital, Calif.
We report the first case (to our knowledge) of a primary urethral T-cell lymphoma as the initial manifestation of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. A 36-year-old white homosexual man with antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 was evaluated for a hemorrhagic urethral discharge. A 2-cm fleshy, polypoi
Pillai R; Nair BS; Watson RR; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of; Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson 85724.
Two of the most interesting questions often asked about AIDS is why many people do not become immunodeficient or get complicating disease when first infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and what are the risk factors making some individuals more susceptible to the disease. A large majority of people with AI
Ariyoshi K; MSc in Clinical Tropical Medicine, London School of Hygiene and; Tropical Medicine.
The health state in Zimbabwe is reported in terms of currently significant diseases, health statistics and hygiene and health care system in conjunction with the author s experiences as a visiting doctor in the country between June and September in 1989. Since independence in 198
BMJ. 1991 Nov 9;303(6811):1185-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92083137
De Cock KM; Selik RM; Soro B; Gayle H; Colebunders RL; Division of HIV-AIDS, National Center for Infectious Diseases,; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
BMJ. 1991 Nov 23;303(6813):1303-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92083201
Wawer MJ; Serwadda D; Musgrave SD; Konde-Lule JK; Musagara M; Sewankambo NK; Center for Population and Family Health, School of Public Health,; Columbia University, New York 10032.
OBJECTIVE--To define the geographical distribution of HIV infection and the community characteristics associated with HIV prevalence in a rural population of Uganda . DESIGN--Seroprevalence survey and interviews of the population aged 13 years and older in 21 randomly selected clust
Roscoe DL; Gibson GB; Noble MA; Mathias RG; Gibson GC/[corrected to Gibson GB]; Division of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University; Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
Dental professionals attending the annual meeting of the College of Dental Surgeons of British Columbia in June 1990 were involved in a survey to assess the prevalence of infection with Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human Immunodeficiency viruses, the acceptance of vaccination for protection against Hepatitis B virus,
A prospective trial was carried out in 156 unselected patients (41 men, mean age 67.5 years, 115 women, mean age 71.4 years) who had undergone total hip joint replacement because of degenerative or inflammatory arthritis or fracture of the neck of the femur. The excised femoral heads were subjected to three-stage bone
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1991 Dec 13;116(50):1911-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92083817
Bruck B; Dette S; Kaiserling E; Scheurlen M; Abteilung Innere Medizin I, Universitat Tubingen.
A 29-year-old man, a known heroin addict until 1984 in whom HIV antibodies had been first demonstrated in 1985, was hospitalized because of fever, nocturnal sweating, weight loss and treatment-resistant diarrhoea. An opportunistic infection of the gastrointestinal tract was excluded microbiologically and serologically
Hua Hsi I Ko Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao. 1991 Sep;22(3):337-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92084309
Zeng B; Qian Y; Zheng D; Wu K; Zhou M; Gong Q
Sixty children with malnutrition were investigated in this study. The results showed a reduction of serum zinc in moderate and severe cases compared with the mild and normal groups. OKT3+, OKT4+ and OKT8+ cells in peripheral blood of mild malnutrition were significantly decreased in contrast to normal control. The red
Gherardi RK; Mhiri C; Baudrimont M; Roullet E; Berry JP; Poirier J; Departement de Pathologie (Neuropathologie), Hopital Henri; Mondor, Creteil, France.
Hemosiderin deposition and vascular inflammation were evaluated in muscle specimens from 50 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals with neuromuscular symptoms. Iron deposits were detected in 25 of 50 cases, and were found more frequently in the distal muscles of lower limbs than in proximal muscles (2
Godwin TA; Department of Pathology, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical; Center, NY 10021.
The pathologic changes associated with human cryptosporidiosis have not been well characterized. In this report, 15 cases of cryptosporidiosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients are described. Organisms were found in autopsy tissue specimens in 13 cases, and only in antemortem stool samples in two. Gastroi
Pezeshkpour G; Illa I; Dalakas MC; Neuromuscular Pathology Division, Armed Forces Institute of; Pathology, Washington, DC.
Electron microscopic features of muscle biopsies from 13 human immunodeficiency (HIV)-positive patients who had myopathy while receiving zidovudine ( AZT ) were compared with biopsies from five patients with HIV-induced myopathy who were not treated wit
Parish CR; Warren HS; Division of Cell Biology, John Curtin School of Medical Research,; Australian National University, Canberra.
A polyanion binding site was identified recently on human CD4 which is distinct from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-gp120 binding region but which incorporates the first two immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains of the molecule. To determine if this site is conserved in other species, several polyanions that blocke
Acquired central auditory disorders not due to a tumour are unusual. The well-known conditions such as hypoxic encephalopathy, erythroblastosis, bacterial meningitis and trauma are reviewed. Recent experimental and clinical studies contribute to progress in the understanding of the pathogenesis and etiology of these c
Interest in the immune response has greatly increased, mostly because of the discovery of the AIDS virus. An understanding of the basic function of the normal human immune system is vital knowledge for today s nurse. Part 1 of this article describes normal immune response as well as abnormal immune system function, an
J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 1991 Oct-Dec;4(4):132-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085221
Saunders JM; Underwood PJ
Although adolescents comprise only 1% of the diagnosed cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among this group should not be underestimated. This article discusses how adolescents behaviors place them at risk for HIV infection. One educational pro
Mayo Clin Proc. 1991 Dec;66(12):1260-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085739
Cockerill FR; Edson RS; Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo; Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
The antimicrobial combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is active in vitro against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Clinically, it is useful for prophylaxis and treatment of selected infections of the genitourinary, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole by
Takasu A; Taneda M; Otuki H; Okamoto Y; Oku K; Department of Neurosurgery, Hanwa Memorial Hospital, Osaka,; Japan.
This report describes magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of biopsy-proved cryptococcal central nervous system (CNS) infection in a 31-year-old HIV negative man. Initial MR imaging revealed multi-focal Gd-DTPA enhancement and showed more lesions than contrast enhanced CT. The lesions regressed after antifungal therapy. MR
South Med J. 1991 Dec;84(12):1430-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92086901
Bruhn JG; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health,; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
I believe that the circumstances in which one learns of being infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can form a pattern that may either hasten or postpone the physical and psychologic progress of HIV to full-blown AIDS. The experience of learning about one s seropositivity from one s physician sets the stage
South Med J. 1991 Dec;84(12):1501-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92086918
Jost PM; Hodges GR; Medical Service, Kansas City Department of Veterans Affairs; Medical Center, Mo 64128.
We have presented the case of a 45-year-old HIV-positive man who had a 2-week history of shortness of breath and fever and who was found to have pneumonia due to an acid-fast bacillus. Despite treatment with isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and clofazimine, he died of the infection. Culture results obtained after his
Robinson DS; Cunningham DA; Dave S; Fleming J; Mitchell DM; Department of Respiratory Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London.
Various non-invasive investigations were carried out in patients infected with HIV who had respiratory symptoms with and without pneumocystis pneumonia (with pneumonia, n = 13 (five smokers); without pneumonia, n = 22 (13 smokers]. These included chest radiography; lung function tests (forced expiratory volume in one
Mc'Ligeyo SO; Otieno LS; Mwongera FK; Department Internal Medicine, Kenyatta National Hospital,; Nairobi, Kenya.
One hundred and twenty six patients diagnosed as having AIDS had their urinalysis and electrolyte profiles studied. The commonest electrolyte abnormalities were a low serum bicarbonate in 56% of the patients and hyponatraemia in 48%. Possible aetiological factors are discussed. Significant pyuria was found in 10% of t
Mencarini P; De Luca A; Ghirga P; Vichi F; Antinori A; Maiuro G; Noormahomed I; Tamburrini E; Istituto di Clinica delle Malattie Infettive dell'Universita; Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia.
We report the results of a study held between 1986 and 1988 on a population constituted by 493 subjects (425 of Mozambican nationality) all living in the camp organized for the building of the dam in Corumana (Sabie district, Maputo). We found five subjects, all of them from Mozamb
P N G Med J. 1991 Jun;34(2):90-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92087568
Witt CS; Alpers MP; Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka.
Immune function was studied in Papua New Guinea highland infants with pneumonia, healthy highland controls and expatriate controls under the age of 15 months. Delayed-type hypersensitivity to tuberculin was depressed in highland pne
Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1991 Sep;12(3):200-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92087732
Resnick D; Hellman F; Mirchandani H; Goodman DB; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of; Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
Serum samples were available from 492 of 1,058 cadavers seen at the Philadelphia Medical Examiner s Office between August 4 and December 15, 1989. These sera were tested for the presence of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. The overall preva
Am J Pathol. 1991 Dec;139(6):1251-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92087868
Weich HA; Salahuddin SZ; Gill P; Nakamura S; Gallo RC; Folkmann J; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Spindle-shaped cells from Kaposi s sarcoma lesions (AIDS-KS cells) were cultured for long periods in the presence of conditioned medium from activated CD4-positive T cells (HTLV-II infected transformed nonvirus producer) and characterized under in vitro conditions. To investigate a possible vascular origin, AIDS-KS ce
Am J Pathol. 1991 Dec;139(6):1273-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92087871
Chakrabarti L; Hurtrel M; Maire MA; Vazeux R; Dormont D; Montagnier L; Hurtrel B; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
To investigate the mechanism of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) entry into the central nervous system (CNS) and the initial events leading to neuropathogenesis, SIV replication was studied by in situ hybridization in the CNS of 5 Rhesus macaques at 7 days, 1, 2, and 3 months after SIV intravenous inoculation. CNS
Prevedoros HP; Lee RP; Marriot D; Department of Intensive Care, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New; South Wales, Australia.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) associated with severe respiratory failure is an increasingly common problem in major centres and is associated with a high mortality in previous and recent studies. Early in the epidemic, alternatives to invasive intensive care treatment
Ann Allergy. 1991 Dec;67(6):612-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92088173
Ebisawa M; Reason DC; Saito H; Nakano S; Seo K; Kawamura K; Iikura Y; Division of Allergy, National Children's Medical Research Center,; Tokyo, Japan.
Neonatal human CD4+ T cells will co-express CD8 on their surface following short-term culture with interleukin 4 (IL-4). Adult T cells do not respond in this manner. In this study we examine this phenomenon as a function of age and determine that IL-4 responsiveness decreases with time to approach adult levels at abou
Watkin PM; Baldwin M; McEnery G; Waltham Forest Health Authority, London.
From a cohort of 10,686 live births, 322 (3%) were identified as being at risk of a hearing impairment defined as moderate, or worse. These neonates were screened by measurement of auditory brainstem responses. The neonatal at risk screening programme was effective in terms of both yield and cost. The mean age at whic
Kus RJ; Carpenter MA; College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
Lance is a 29-year-old gay alcoholic who was misdiagnosed as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive. In reaction to the diagnosis, Lance subsequently engaged in a series of destructive behaviors towards himself and others. When he was told that his diagnosis was in error, Lance was able to break out of his self-d
BMJ. 1991 Nov 2;303(6810):1093-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92083086
Lee CA; Phillips AN; Elford J; Janossy G; Griffiths P; Kernoff P; Academic Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hampstead.
OBJECTIVE--To describe the progression of HIV disease in a haemophilic cohort and to show the influence of treatment. DESIGN--11 year longitudinal clinical and laboratory study. SETTING--A haemophilia centre. PATIENTS--111 patients infected with HIV during October 1979 to July 1985. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Symptoms of
Pomeroy C; Miller L; McFarling L; Kennedy C; Filice GA; Infectious Disease Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center,; Minneapolis, MN 55417.
Toxoplasma gondii pneumonia has emerged as an important problem in immunocompromised patients, especially those with AIDS. The characteristics of lung lymphocytes, including their phenotypes, proliferative responses, and suppressor function during T. gondii pneumonia were studied. During primary acute T. gondii infect
Nishino Y; Kishi M; Sumiya M; Ogawa K; Adachi A; Maotani-Imai K; Kato S; Hirai K; Ikuta K; Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido University, Japan.
A series of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mutants in vif, vpr, vpu, and nef were constructed from an infectious plasmid (pNL 432) containing the full-length HIV-1 DNA by frameshift mutations. The capacities for replication and cell killing of these mutant viruses were examined in a clonal cell line (M 10
Janniger CK; Gascon P; Schwartz RA; Hennessey NP; Lambert WC; New Jersey Medical School, Newark.
A 32-year-old black homosexual man, seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus antibody, presented with erythroderma. His peripheral blood was significant for circulating Sezary-like cells bearing the CD8(+) phenotype. Eighty-eight percent of his lymphocytes were CD8(+) as well. He seroconverted 3 months after the
Jiang SB; Lin K; Neurath AR; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center,; New York 10021.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins (gp120 and gp41) elicit virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAB) and also antibodies enhancing HIV-1 infection (EAB). Several epitopes eliciting VNAB have been defined, the principal virus-neutralizing determinant being assigned to the V3 loop of gp120. To
Ikeno K; Ikeno T; Miyazawa C; Department of Oral Biochemistry, Ohu University School of; Dentistry, Koriyama, Japan.
Propolis, the resinous hive product collected by bees, is important in the defense of the hive. The effects of propolis on growth and glucosyltransferase activity of Streptococcus sobrinus 6715, Streptococcus mutans PS14 and Streptococcus cricetus OMZ61 in vitro, and on dental caries in rats infected with S. sobrinus
Scott CS; Richards SJ; Cole JC; Gooi HC; Department of Haematology, Cookridge Hospital, Leeds, England,; UK.
The differential expression of various membrane CD45R isoforms by normal lymphocyte populations is known to be closely associated with distinct immunoregulatory functions. Abnormal patterns of CD45R expression have been reported in patients with common variable immunodeficiency and HIV infection, and recent evidence h
Sviland L; Pearson AD; Green MA; Baker BD; Eastham EJ; Reid MM; Hamilton PJ; Proctor SJ; Malcolm AJ; Department of Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon; Tyne, United Kingdom.
The immunopathological appearances of skin and rectum in 64 autologous and allogeneic recipients were determined before and after bone marrow transplantation. Patients who developed acute graft-versus-host disease were biopsied as soon as a clinical diagnosis was made. At the same time peripheral blood samples were co
Stark JH; Smit JA; Neethling FA; Nortman PJ; Myburgh JA; MRC Unit for Research in Organ Transplantation, Department of; Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School,; Johannesburg, South Africa.
Predictions of an increasing shortage of donor organs for the future has led to a resurgence of interest in xenotransplantation. We have methodically assessed the immunological compatibility of humans against the chacma baboon with a view to narrowing the gap of concordance by careful immunological screening. The nece
P N G Med J. 1991 Jun;34(2):98-103. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92087569
Witt CS; Alpers MP; Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka.
Lymphocyte subsets were enumerated in Papua New Guinean children, adolescents and adults from the Eastern Highlands and comparative groups of age-matched expatriates living in the Goroka area. From the age group under 6 months until adolescence, the numbers and percentages of CD8-positive (suppressor/cytotoxic) T cell
Blood. 1991 Dec 1;78(11):2956-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92063022
Gartenhaus RB; Wong-Staal F; Klotman ME; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-1) is associated with a low incidence of morbidity in the form of adult T-cell leukemia as well as neurologic disease, including tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy, suggesting that there are other important factors which determine outcome o
Blood. 1991 Dec 1;78(11):3004-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92063029
Boyle MJ; Sewell WA; Sculley TB; Apolloni A; Turner JJ; Swanson CE; Penny R; Cooper DA; Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital,; Sydney, Australia.
Biopsy samples obtained from 20 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were assessed for evidence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HIV sequences. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded NHL tissue and specific viral gene sequences were sought using the po
Ethiop Med J. 1991 Oct;29(4):175-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92063951
Zawde D; Sisay Y; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Abeba; University, Ethiopia.
To appraise the national blood requirement and supply, and to determine the impact of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening on the blood supply, 407 random blood donor sera were tested for HBsAg, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and ALT activity. HBsAg and anti-HIV antibod
Li MX; Yeung HW; Pan LP; Chan SI; Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California; Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.
Trichosanthin, an abortifacient, immunosuppressive and anti-tumor protein purified from the traditional Chinese herb medicine Tian Hua Fen, is a potent inhibitor against HIV-1 replication. Under normal enzymatic digestion conditions, trichosanthin cleaves the supercoiled double-stranded DNA to produce nicked circular
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):608-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066701
Noble GR; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Since acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) was first identified in 1981, it has become one of the leading causes of death in men and women 25-44 years of age in the United States . The urgent public health response to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS epidemic has requir
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):623-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066703
Keiser NH; CDC/NAIEP, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The Centers for Disease Control s (CDC) public service announcement (PSA) campaign on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), entitled America Responds to AIDS, has provided an opportunity to examine various media marketing techniques and their effectiveness in setting and sustaining a national media agenda for pub
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):628-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066704
Waller RR; Lisella LW; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The National AIDS Hotline (NAH), a service of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), is an information resource for the population of the United States , its Territories, and Puerto Rico concerning the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acqui
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):634-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066705
Sinnock P; Murphy PE; Baker TG; Bates R; National AIDS Information and Education Program, Centers for; Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The National AIDS Clearinghouse is an information service provided by the Centers for Disease Control. The Clearinghouse was established in 1987 to respond to increasing numbers of public and professional inquiries, to disseminate accurate information, and to make referrals to local sources of information and assistan
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):639-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066706
Salmon CT; Jason J; University of Wisconsin-Madison.
The National AIDS Information and Education Program (NAIEP) commissioned the National Academy of Sciences to design a prototypical system of research for use in the evaluation of the agency s media campaign. It consists of four types of evaluation: formative, efficacy, process, and outcome. These types of evaluations
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):645-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066707
Donovan RJ; Jason J; Gibbs DA; Kroger F; NAIEP, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333.
An examination by the Centers for Disease Control and the Research Triangle Institute concluded that hard-to-reach populations could be reached with AIDS prevention messages through the broadcast and print media and that a study should be undertaken to assess whether paid placement of these messages could have an effe
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):651-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066708
Gentry EM; Jorgensen CM; NAIEP, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The America Responds to AIDS campaign is the focal point of an integrated mass communications system for AIDS education and information dissemination developed by the National AIDS Information and Education Program of the Centers for Disease Control. Television and radio public service announcements are an integral pa
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):656-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066709
Davis D; NAIEP, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) of the Public Health Service made public health history in 1988 by mailing the pamphlet, Understanding AIDS, to every household in the United States . Approximately 126 million copies were distributed, reaching at least 60 percent of the population
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):667-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066711
Scarlett MI; Williams KR; Cotton MF; CDC, NAIEP, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The authors address a unique partnership among private and public organizations, that of the American Red Cross and the Centers for Disease Control of the Public Health Service. The partnership stimulates an integrated community response to preventing and controlling human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and ac
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):672-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066712
Williams KR; Scarlett MI; Jimenez R; Schwartz B; Stokes-Nielson P; Centers for Disease Control, NAIEP, Atlanta, GA 30333.
If the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is to be prevented, the environment in which people live should predispose them to engage in and sustain safe behaviors. Too often in public health, the range of organizations that make up that environment are overlooked, and prevention strategies are limited t
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):678-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066713
Moore JR; Daily L; Collins J; Kann L; Dalmat M; Truman BI; Kolbe LJ; Division of Adolescent and School Health, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that causes AIDS will continue to threaten public health for years to come. Despite some popular misperceptions, adolescents are at risk of infection. Twenty percent of persons reported with AIDS have been ages 20 through 29. Given the long incubation period between HIV infection
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):687-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066714
Holman PB; Jenkins WC; Gayle JA; Duncan C; Lindsey BK; Centers for Disease Control, NAIEP, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Responding to the facts that (a) the AIDS epidemic is occurring among black and Hispanic populations disproportionately to their percentage of the U.S. population and (b) effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention programs are racially, ethnically, and culturally relevant and sensitive, CDC in 1988 initia
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):695-701. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066715
Bailey ME; CDC NAIEP, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) shaped the basic development and direction of the HIV/AIDS Prevention Program through technical support and financial assistance for State and local health departments and other organizations. Through this provision of support, CDC has responded to the course of the human immunode
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):702-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066716
Bailey ME; Division of STD and HIV Prevention, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333.
By 1982, community responses to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic were evident in some cities in the United States . Community responses were planned, developed, and coordinated largely by service-oriented, community-based organizations. Indirect evidence suggests t
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):708-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066717
Rugg DL; MacGowan RJ; Stark KA; Swanson NM; CDC, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The Centers for Disease Control is conducting two investigations of the outcomes of HIV counselling and testing services offered persons at high risk for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). One investigation is a trial conducted at sexually transmitted disease clinics where an enhanced version of HI
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):714-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066718
O'Reilly KR; Higgins DL; CDC, NCPS, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The AIDS Community Demonstration Projects are multicenter prevention projects directing community-based interventions to members of hard-to-reach groups at risk of infection from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The projects are supported by the Centers for Di
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):721-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066719
Greenspan AL; Curran JW; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
As the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has evolved over the past 10 years, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has been at the forefront of the scientific efforts that have characterized HIV-AIDS research. Because of CDC s central role in these e
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):727-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066720
Collins CL; Mullan RJ; Moseley RR; Division of Laboratory Systems, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, GA 30333.
At the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), educational activities concerning acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are directed to many target audiences; important among these are health care and public safety workers. Several CDC programs are designed to address the specific education and training needs of these g
Hansen JE; Nielsen C; Vestergaard BF; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
Five lectins with specificity for N- and O-linked oligosaccharides were examined for inhibition of HIV-1 and HSV-1 infectivity in vitro. HIV-1 isolate HTLVIIIB was preincubated with lectin and subsequently inoculated onto MT-4 cells. Lectins specific for N-linked oligosaccharides blocked HIV infection in nanomolar-mic
Science. 1991 Nov 22;254(5035):1167-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066960
zur Hausen H; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany.
Viruses may contribute to the development of human tumors by different mechanisms: indirectly by inducing immunosuppression or by modifying the host cell genome without persistence of viral DNA; directly by inducing oncoproteins or by altering the expression of host cell proteins at the site of viral DNA integration.
Nathan PM; Moss TR; Genitourinary Medicine Department, Doncaster Royal Infirmary, UK.
A prospective study of new female patients attending the Genitourinary Medicine Department in Doncaster was carried out to look at the value of colposcopic examination at their first attendance. Of the 100 randomized patients studied 41 showed evidence of colposcopically detected cervical abnormality. Twenty-seven pat
Mandal D; Haye KR; Ray TK; Goorney BP; Stanbridge CM; Corbitt G; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary,; UK.
One hundred and five heterosexual men without evidence of clinical anogenital warts and attending a genitourinary medicine clinic were studied. Three separate specimens for cytology were taken from (i) the distal urethra including the perimeatal area, (ii) the penile shaft and glans penis including the sub-preputial a
Sugiura M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University School; of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Cellular immunity is known to play a critical role in regulating Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the state of latent infection. Activity of EBV-specific cellular immunity decreases as the clinical stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection progress, and many complications are induced by reactivated EBV in the
Nadal D; Albini B; Chen CY; Schlapfer E; Bernstein JM; Ogra PL; Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Buffalo; School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences.
Tonsils seem to be the ideal source of lymphocytes seeding to the mucosa of the respiratory tract. The distribution and engraftment of human lymphocytes injected into mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) are not well understood. C.B-17 SCID mice were injected intraperitoneally with human tonsillar mononuc
Weintrub PS; Veereman-Wauters G; Cowan MJ; Thaler MM; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San; Francisco.
To assess the risk of transmission of hepatitis C virus from mother to infant during pregnancy or at delivery, we measured the antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) in serum from 43 infants whose mothers took illicit drugs int
Garber EA; Rosenblum CI; Chute HT; Scheidel LM; Chen H; Department of Animal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Merck; Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065.
Biologically active replication-competent (subgroups A, B, and C) and replication-defective Rous sarcoma virus-derived vectors containing the cDNA encoding firefly luciferase as a reporter gene were constructed. In these retroviral vectors, luciferase is expressed from a spliced subgenomic mRNA. A biologically active
Morikawa S; Lutz H; Aubert A; Bishop DH; NERC Institute of Virology and Environmental Microbiology,; Oxford, U.K.
The nucleotide sequences of the envelope (env) coding regions of two strains of the feline immunodeficiency virus isolated in Zurich, Switzerland (FIVZ1, FIVZ2) have been analysed. In addition, the complete sequence of the FIVZ1 isolate has been determined. Comparisons have be
Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Dec;86(12):1761-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92074459
Edwards PD; Carrick J; Turner J; Lee A; Mitchell H; Cooper DA; Bruce Hall Department of Gastroenterology, St. Vincent's; Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Helicobacter pylori is the principal cause of type B histologic gastritis. AIDS is associated with increased susceptibility to Gram-negative enteric infections. Using a retrospective study design, we have determined the prevalence of H. pylori-associated histologic gastritis (based on gastric histopathology) in 201 pa
Pedersen C; Gerstoft J; Lundgren JD; Skinhoj P; Bottzauw J; Geisler C; Hamilton-Dutoit SJ; Thorsen S; Lisse I; Ralfkiaer E; et al; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
All 51 cases of HIV-related malignant lymphoma in Denmark diagnosed from 1983 to 1989 were reviewed. There were 12 Burkitt-type lymphomas, 30 immunoblast-rich lymphomas and 9 other lymphomas. Patients with immunoblast-rich lymphomas
Blood. 1991 Dec 15;78(12):3323-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075985
Okayama A; Korber B; Chen YM; Allan J; Lee TH; Shioiri S; Tachibana N; Tsuda K; Mueller N; McLane MF; et al; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
Detection methods for the human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-I) for blood screening and diagnosis generally rely on antibody tests that use the structural proteins of HTLV-I as antigen. We have found an unusual pattern of antibody reactivity among people who are at high risk of HTLV infection due to being a fami
Carrazana EJ; Rossitch E Jr; Morris J; Division of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; 02115.
Aspergillus infection involving the central nervous system are unusual, but should be included in the differential diagnosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and neurologic signs and symptoms. Of the few reported AIDS cases with central nervous system aspergillosis, the majority have had focal b
van Gemert HM; Vermeulen M; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dijkzigt, Rotterdam,; The Netherlands.
A 50 year old man with AIDS, cryptococcal meningitis and a normal CT-scan developed impaired consciousness and even deep coma associated with very high CSF pressure. After lumbar CSF drainage consciousness improved dramatically. We conclude that in patients with cryptococcal meningitis who have impaired consciousness
Okada N; Tei H; Yamamura T; Sato K; Negoro S; Yoshikawa K; Department of Dermatology, Osaka University School of Medicine,; Japan.
A 32-year-old man had a history of recurrent but self-healing necrotizing nodules on the face and oral mucosa. Histologically the lesion was composed of necrotizing foci surrounded with dense CD8+ T lymphocytic infiltration in the dermis. Laboratory examination showed marked blood CD8+ T lymphocytosis with a reversed
Hospitals. 1991 Dec 20;65(24):26-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92077632
Hagland MM
Regulations, reimbursement battles, collaboration efforts, financial difficulties and the reform process all helped make 1991 a watershed year for health care issues--and an eventful one for executives. News media attention to health care policy, financing and delivery issues was intense: television, radio and print c
Maio JJ; Brown FL; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10461.
The bacterial neomycin phosphotransferase gene driven by the Moloney mouse leukemia virus long terminal repeat (LTR) or SV40 early region promoter was introduced into the human promonocyte-macrophage cell line, U937, and into the pluripotential human embryonic teratocarcinoma cell line, NT2/D1. Clonally derived cell l
Ramis I; Rosello-Catafau J; Gomez G; Zabay JM; Fernandez Cruz E; Gelpi E; Department of Neurochemistry, Centro de Investigacion y; Desarrollo, Barcelona, Spain.
Prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2 and leukotriene B4 monocyte production have been determined in human immune deficiency virus (HIV)-infected drug users (n = 36) and healthy subjects (n = 29). Eicosanoids were extracted from the incubates using C18 solid-phase cartridges and determined by radioimmunoassay. An enhanced
JAMA. 1991 Dec 25;266(24):3459-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92079341
Chamberland ME; Conley LJ; Bush TJ; Ciesielski CA; Hammett TA; Jaffe HW; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
OBJECTIVES--To characterize health care workers with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States and to evaluate the role of occupational transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DATA SOURCE--National AIDS surveillance data. METHODS--Health care wo
Talpos D; Tien RD; Hesselink JR; Department of Neurology, VA Medical Center, San Diego, CA.
AIDS-related polyradiculopathy is a syndrome associated with cytomegalovirus infection. We report two cases of AIDS-related polyradiculopathy in which spinal T1-weighted MRI with gadolinium-DTPA showed enhancement of the pial lining of the conus medullaris, cauda equina, and lumbar
Purtilo DT; Grierson HL; Davis JR; Okano M; Department of Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,; Omaha 68198-3135.
Although X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) is rare (1-2 males per 1 x 10(6)), it serves as a model for discerning diverse diseases caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) ranging from agammaglobulinemia to fatal infectious mononucleosis following infection with the virus. The study of patients with XLP has also pa
Ann Emerg Med. 1991 Dec;20(12):1355-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081993
Talan DA; Kennedy CA; Department of Emergency Medicine and Internal Medicine, Olive; View/UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar 91342.
As the AIDS epidemic progresses, the number of ED patients with HIV-related illness will continue to increase. As reviewed in this article, much of the existing clinical research in HIV-related illness has an impact on the diagnostic and management issues that arise in the ED. Many of the patterns of disease, subtleti
Marmaduke DP; Brandt JT; Theil KS; Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus.
Polyradiculopathy is an uncommon but serious neurologic disorder that can complicate the course of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We report a case in which the presence of cytomegalovirus was detected in cerebrospinal fluid by immunoperoxidase staining. In addition, large
Ann Ital Med Int. 1991 Apr-Jun;6(2):193-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92082772
Ortona L; Antinori A; Tamburrini E; Capelli A; Familiari U; Marano P; Colosimo C; Istituto di Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Universita; Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma.
The authors review the cases of 40 patients with AIDS who died in 1989, in order to establish the relationships between clinical picture, neuroradiological features and neuropathological findings. Neurological involvement was present in over 75% of the patients, with HIV-related encephalopathy and toxoplasmosis as the
Cruz Martinez A; Villoslada C; Hospital La Paz, Clinica La Luz, Madrid, Spain.
Clinical and electrophysiologic features in 22 patients with HIV infection are reported. Four cases had chronic demyelinating polyneuropathy, two mononeuropathy multiplex, and nine symmetrical sensory-motor polyneuropathy. Seven cases had normal clinical and electromyographic examination. Electrophysiological study ha
Leonard G; Verdier M; Sangare A; Rey JL; Denis F; Departement de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Dupuytren, Limoges, France.
The specificity of three HIV EIAs using synthetic peptides was evaluated and compared with that of four commercial EIAs using recombinant proteins or whole virus lysates of HIV-1 or of HIV-1 and HIV-2, and of two tests based on agglutination of sensitized particles. A total of 734 West African sera were screened. The
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1991 Oct 15;199(8):1035-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92084594
Hopkins SG; DiGiacomo RF; Evermann JF; Christensen JD; Deitelhoff DP; Mickelsen WD; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community; Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
To determine whether rectal palpation, using common obstetrical sleeves, serves as a mode of transmission of bovine leukemia virus in dairy cattle, field studies were conducted at 2 dairies. At a commercial dairy, significant difference was not observed in rate of seroconversion in heifers and cows in which the same s
Mil Med. 1991 Oct;156(10):555-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92086142
Lucey DR; Department of Medicine, Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center,; Lackland AFB, TX.
The decade of the 1980s has provided at least 10 terms for human retroviruses, of which five are currently recognized as defining distinct human infectious disease agents. Of these five, three are human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-I, HTLV-II, HTLV-V) and two are human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1, HIV-2). HIV
Roilides E; Marshall D; Venzon D; Butler K; Husson R; Pizzo PA; Infectious Diseases Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
We conducted a retrospective study to analyze the impact of central venous catheters (CVCs) and antiretroviral therapy on the frequency and the patterns of bacterial infections in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus during a 3-year period. Among 204 bacterial infections other than otitis media reviewed
The serological HPV status of 35 patients with SCA (Hb SS), randomly chosen from a sickle cell clinic in rural south-west Togo and of 13 household members with normal haemoglobin type (Hb AA) was assessed. No difference in HPV-IgG seropositivity rate was found. In 30 urban hospital p
Am J Pathol. 1991 Dec;139(6):1369-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92087881
Thomas JA; Felix DH; Wray D; Southam JC; Cubie HA; Crawford DH; Histopathology Unit, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London,; United Kingdom.
Hairy leukoplakia (HL) is an Epstein-Barr (EB) virus related lesion of oral mucosa that is principally associated with human immunodeficiency virus-induced immunosuppression. To understand the nature of EB virus involvement in these lesions, this study compares the distribution of EB virus DNA and EB viral gene produc
Int J Psychiatry Med. 1991;21(3):263-79. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92064400
Wolf TM; Dralle PW; Morse EV; Simon PM; Balson PM; Gaumer RH; Williams MH; Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans.
This study evaluated twenty-nine symptomatic and asymptomatic HIV-infected homosexual/bisexual men between eighteen and forty-five in the areas of psychiatric/psychosocial, neuropsychological, family, and immunological functioning. The subjects were referred by physicians, nurses, and mental health professionals from
Lancet. 1991 Dec 7;338(8780):1415-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92065725
Lo SC; Hayes MM; Wang RY; Pierce PF; Kotani H; Shih JW; Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pathology, Armed; Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
Mycoplasmas have been isolated from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and they may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. We have isolated repeatedly a previously unknown mycoplasma from the urine of an HIV-positive male homosexual and, subsequently, from the urine of 5 HIV-positive pati
Lancet. 1991 Dec 7;338(8780):1419-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92065726
Rooney JF; Bryson Y; Mannix ML; Dillon M; Wohlenberg CR; Banks S; Wallington CJ; Notkins AL; Straus SE; Laboratory of Oral Medicine, National Institute of Dental; Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
Sunlight exposure is reported by some patients to precede onset of recurrent herpes labialis. Ultraviolet (UV) B light is known to be a stimulus for the reactivation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. We assessed the effect of a sunblocking agent on UV-light-induced reactivation of recurrent herpes labialis in
Zalcman G; Lechapt E; Milleron B; Denis M; Mayaud C; Akoun G; Centre de Pneumologie et de Reanimation respiratoire, Hopital; Tenon, Paris.
The authors report a case of AIDS revealed by pleuropulmonary cryptococcosis. The infection was diagnosed by culture of the pleural fluid and confirmed by microscopic examination of the cerebrospinal fluid, using Indian ink as stain. Apyrexia and return to normal of chest radiography were obtained with oral fluconazol
Morfeldt-Manson L; Bottiger B; Nilsson B; von Stedingk LV; Department of Infectious Diseases, Roslagstull Hospital,; Stockholm, Sweden.
In a prospective longitudinal study 89 men with HIV-1 infection were observed for a mean time of 51 months with regard to clinical signs and laboratory findings predictive of progression to AIDS/opportunistic infection (OI). In a bivariate regression analysis the clinical signs showing a significant relation to AIDS d
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1991;27(1):27-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92067983
Dalgleish AG; Division of Immunological Medicine, Clinical Research Centre,; Harrow, United Kingdom.
Idiotype studies have been important in our study of the HIV/CD4 interaction. They have predicted the binding site on CD4 and showed that it is the same amongst all HIV-I isolates, and therefore a formidable candidate for the design of effective therapeutic and vaccine strategies against HIV. Future research could imp
Hufert FT; von Laer D; Fenner TE; Schwander S; Kern P; Schmitz H; Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical; Medicine, Hamburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
We present data on the distribution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) proviral DNA in different subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) over an observation period of eight months. Eleven patients with well documented HIV-1 infection were studied. The PBMCs were obtained at two intervals and purifie
Immunol Lett. 1991 Sep;30(1):27-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92070983
Daniel V; Weimer R; Zimmermann R; Huth-Kuhne A; Weisser J; Braun E; Opelz G; Department of Transplantation Immunology, University of; Heidelberg, F.R.G.
CD4+ lymphocyte counts of 91 HIV+ hemophilia patients were monitored for a mean of 4 years (range: 15-69 months). CD4+ lymphocytes decreased in 55 but increased in 36 patients over time. The CD4+ cell increases were persistent in 5 patients, whereas they fluctuated in 31. Of the 36 patients with increasing CD4+ counts
N Engl J Med. 1991 Dec 26;325(26):1837-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92072633
Steinhoff MC; Auerbach BS; Nelson KE; Vlahov D; Becker RL; Graham NM; Schwartz DH; Lucas AH; Chaisson RE; Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public; Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.
BACKGROUND. Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are at increased risk for serious infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae, yet there are few data on their antibody responses to the H. influenzae type b vaccines. METHODS. We evaluated antibody responses in 248 men who were randomly assigned to
Holladay SD; Lindstrom P; Blaylock BL; Comment CE; Germolec DR; Heindell JJ; Luster MI; National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental; Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
In utero exposure to the environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was found to alter expression of murine thymocyte fetal cell-surface markers. Pregnant mice were treated (via gavage) with 0, 1.5, or 3.0 micrograms TCDD/kg/day in corn oil on gestational days (gd) 6-14. Offspring were examin
Peden K; Emerman M; Montagnier L; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
The construction and preliminary biological characterization of three molecular clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are reported: HIV-1LAI from a French man with AIDS, HIV-1MAL from a Zairian boy with ARC, and HIV-1ELI from a Zairian woman with AIDS. All three sequences were found to code for infecti
Laurent-Crawford AG; Krust B; Muller S; Riviere Y; Rey-Cuille MA; Bechet JM; Montagnier L; Hovanessian AG; Institut Pasteur, Department of AIDS and Retroviruses, UA CNRS; 1157, Paris, France.
Large amounts of histones, H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4, were observed in total extracts of T4 lymphocytes and derived cell lines infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 or type 2. These histones were simply detectable by analysis of crude cellular extracts by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in SDS
Acta Med Okayama. 1991 Aug;45(4):257-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92074362
Komatsuda M; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama University; Medical School, Japan.
Proportional changes of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood were monitored by two-color flow-cytometry in seven leukemia patients who had received allogenic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Lymphocyte counts, and proportions of T and B-cells returned to normal ranges between the 2nd and 12th months after BMT.
Lancet. 1991 Dec 14;338(8781):1471-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92079582
Goedert JJ; Duliege AM; Amos CI; Felton S; Biggar RJ; Viral Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute, Rockville,; Maryland.
To examine the epidemiology and natural history of mother-to-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), especially genetic and intrapartum exposure factors, we obtained data on twins and triplets born to women infected with the virus. 40 investigators in nine countries contributed demographic,
Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1991 Sep 23;245(1314):187-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92080495
Blower SM; McLean AR; Survey Research Center, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
Mixing matrices can be used to describe subgroup interactions in mathematical models which have heterogeneity in population structure. A discussion is presented of two different approaches to the formulation of such mixing matrices. The relation between the two different methods is discussed, using examples based upon
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1991 Nov 30;121(48):1761-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92080889
de Saussure P; Chofflon M; Pugin P; Bierens de Hahn D; Perrin L; Laboratoire central de serologie virale, Hopital cantonal; universitaire de Geneve.
HTLV-I/II (human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and II) infection is endemic in South Japan , Subsaharan Africa, the Caribbean and in regions of South America and of the United States . The infection almost always remains asymptomatic but is also ass
Neuralgic pain during or following herpes zoster infection is a common problem in pain therapy. The current management of neuralgias due to zoster is discussed with reference to patients in a chronic pain clinic within an anesthesiology department. The courses of 80 patients followed up for at least 3 months from the
Lazzarin A; Saracco A; Musicco M; Nicolosi A; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Faculty of; Medicine, Italy.
To investigate the risk factors for man-to-woman sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we carried out a cross-sectional study of 368 women who were steady partners of HIV-infected men attending 16 Italian clinical centers. Information was collected from the medical records of the infected men
Petursson G; Andresdottir V; Andresson O; Torsteinsdottir S; Georgsson G; Palsson PA; Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland,; Reykjavik.
Maedi-visna virus (MVV) of sheep was the first lentivirus to be isolated. The genomic organization of MVV is very similar to that of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with several genes regulating the expression of the viral genome. Viral replication is severely restricted in the host and some cells apparently contai
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1991 Nov 20;83(22):1678-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085319
Steis RG; Urba WJ; Kopp WC; Alvord WG; Smith JW 2d; Longo DL; Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute-Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702-1201.
Martinez-Arends A; Tapia FJ; Caceres-Dittmar G; Mosca W; Valecillos L; Convit J; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela,; Caracas.
Some recently defined lymphocyte immunophenotypes were determined in lesions of patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). New monoclonal antibodies have allowed the demonstration of cell surface antigens of T lymphocytes, such as CD45RA and CD45RO, which recognize different maturational stages of the same
De Groot AS; Clerici M; Hosmalin A; Hughes SH; Barnd D; Hendrix CW; Houghten R; Shearer GM; Berzofsky JA; Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, National; Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
T cell immunity may be critical to development of a vaccine for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). T helper epitopes were identified in three predominantly conserved regions in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by using reverse transcriptase-immunized mice of five major histocompatibility complex haplotypes. One pept
Richman DD; Guatelli JC; Grimes J; Tsiatis A; Gingeras T; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego.
A sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay was developed for four mutations in the reverse transcriptase gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 that have been associated with zidovudine resistance. These mutations were correlated in 366 specimens with zidovudine chemotherapy and resistan
Bagasra O; Whittle P; Heins B; Pomerantz RJ; Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas; Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
Previously, the anti-human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) activities were reported of four sulfated polysaccharides: dextran sulfate, pentosane polysulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and heparin sulfate. In the present study, the anti-HIV-1 activities of several other sulfated polysaccharides, monosaccharides, neutr
J Med Chem. 1991 Nov;34(11):3305-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92065477
Goudgaon NM; Schinazi RF; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30033.
Several 6-phenylselenenyl-substituted acyclouridine derivatives were prepared for evaluation as antiviral agents. Lithiation of the tert-butyldimethylsilyl-protected acyclonucleosides 4a-f with lithium diisopropylamide at -78 degrees C, followed by reaction with diphenyl diselenide as an electrophile, and subsequent r
Asano M; Morikawa S; Tatsumi M; Shimizu H; Ushijima H; Kitamura T; Division of AIDS Virus, AIDS Research Center, National Institute; of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
Five monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to gag proteins of HIV-1 were prepared in mice. Western blot analyses showed that three clones recognized p24 and the other two p17. Among the three MoAbs recognizing p24, all recognized two of three strains of HIV-2. The spectra of reactions to SIV[AGM] of these MoAbs against p24 we
Public Health Rep. 1991 Nov-Dec;106(6):616-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92066702
Woods DR; Davis D; Westover BJ; Office of the Deputy Director, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, GA 30333.
During the 1987-90 period, five phases of new AIDS information materials were released to the general public in the ARTA campaign, including a national mailer. The five were General Awareness: Humanizing AIDS in October 1987, Understanding AIDS, the national mailout, April 1988, Women at Risk/Multiple Partner, Sexuall
We evaluated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antibody levels against a lipid-free, denatured form of myelin basic protein (LF-MBP) in 11 patients with AIDS dementia complex (ADC) by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In 9 out of 11 patients, anti-LF-MBP antibody levels w
Immunol Lett. 1991 Sep;30(1):59-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92070988
Sallberg M; Ruden U; Magnius LO; Norrby E; Wahren B; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
The role of individual amino acids in binding human and macaque antibodies were determined in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp41, residues 594-613, and for human antibodies in the hepatitis B (HB) virus core/e antigens (HBc/eAg), residues 121-140. Decapeptides with 9 amino acids (aa) overlap were syn
Nature. 1991 Nov 21;354(6350):235-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92072696
Bikoff EK; Jaffe L; Ribaudo RK; Otten GR; Germain RN; Robertson EJ; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029.
It has long been recognized that the absence of expression of products of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) during early development might allow the fetus to escape recognition by maternal lymphocytes. In addition to the MHC class I heavy chain and beta 2-microglobulin, antigenic peptide is an essential struc
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Dec 1;88(23):10895-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92073393
Jacobo-Molina A; Clark AD Jr; Williams RL; Nanni RG; Clark P; Ferris AL; Hughes SH; Arnold E; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ.
Two crystal forms of complexes have been grown that contain human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase and a monoclonal antibody Fab fragment. One of the crystal forms (form II, space group P3112, a = 168.7 A, c = 220.3 A) diffracts x-rays to 3.5-A resolution and appears suitable for moderate-resolution
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Dec 1;88(23):10971-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92073409
Terwilliger EF; Langhoff E; Gabuzda D; Zazopoulos E; Haseltine WA; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115.
The effects of the viral gene nef on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in culture were investigated using nef alleles of the HIV-1 IIIB and ELI strains. The results demonstrate significant allelic variation in the effect of nef on virus replication in both an established human CD4+ T-cell line an
Lee S; Ai E; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of; Medicine, Gainesville.
The authors report two patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis who developed disc neovascularization. The disc neovascularization regressed spontaneously over several months and did not cause vitreous hemorrhage or visual loss.
Mitsuyasu RT; Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine.
The recombinant cytokines are increasingly important therapeutic agents for patients with AIDS. Recombinant interferon-alpha has demonstrated antitumor and antiretroviral activities in patients with Kaposi s sarcoma. Limited studies with interferon-beta suggest that it also has antitumor effects in patients with Kapos
Autiero M; Abrescia P; Dettin M; Di Bello C; Guardiola J; International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR, Naples,; Italy.
The interaction between the viral envelope protein gp120 and the cellular surface antigen CD4 is a key event in HIV-1 infection. Reciprocal high affinity binding sites have been located in the first domain of CD4 and in the carboxy-terminal region of gp120, respectively. Upon infection, the membranes of the target cel
Fantini J; Baghdiguian S; Yahi N; Chermann JC; INSERM U 322, Unite de Recherches sur les Retrovirus et; Maladies Associees, Marseille, France.
We have used HIV1-NDK-infected HT29 cells grown on permeable substratum to study the polarity of virus maturation in human intestinal cells. When cultured in glucose-containing medium, these cells are mostly undifferentiated. The removal of glucose from the medium allowed the emergence of a selected differentiated sub
Harakeh S; Jariwalla RJ; Viral Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Linus Pauling Institute of; Science and Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94306.
To elucidate the action of vitamin C on pathogenic human retroviruses, we investigated and compared the effects of noncytoxic concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA), its calcium salt (Ca-ascorbate), and two thiol-based reducing agents [glutathione (GSH) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)] against human immunodeficiency virus
The purpose of this study was to decrease patient falls by applying relevant interventions found in the nursing research literature. Clinical nurse specialists assisted staff with the application of selected research-based patient fall program interventions on two adult medical-surgical specialty units in a tertiary c
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):807-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075336
Freed EO; Risser R; McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin,; Madison 53706.
The principal neutralizing determinant of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is located within the V3 loop of the surface glycoprotein gp120. Recently a mutational approach was used to demonstrate that the tip of the V3 loop is involved in cell fusion mediated by the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins. Here the
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):813-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075337
Neurath AR; Jiang S; Strick N; Kolbe H; Kieny MP; Muchmore E; Girard M; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute of the New York Blood; Center, NY 10021.
Immunization of primates or humans with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) glycoproteins usually elicited moderate immune responses to the principal neutralizing determinant (PND) located within the V3 hypervariable loop of gp120. Since an antibody response to the PND appears to be protective, experiments wer
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):825-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M81694
Hattori T; Shiozaki K; Eda Y; Tokiyoshi S; Matsushita S; Inaba H; Fujimaki M; Meguro T; Yamada K; Honda M; et al; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; School of Medicine, Japan.
The principal neutralizing determinants (PNDs) of 29 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates in Japan were analyzed using polymerase chain reactions. The viruses were isolated from 16 hemophiliacs, 11 individuals infected by their sexual transmission and 1 patient infec
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):831-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075339
Carrow EW; Vujcic LK; Glass WL; Seamon KB; Rastogi SC; Hendry RM; Boulos R; Nzila N; Quinnan GV Jr; Division of Virology, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD.
Neutralizing antibodies (NA) against HIV-1MN and HIV-1IIIB, and antibodies binding to synthetic peptides (BA) derived from the gp120 envelope V3 region principal neutralizing determinants (PND) of the HIV-1MN, HIV-1IIIB, and HIV-1Z3 virus strains were assayed in HIV-1 antibody-positive sera from the
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Oct;7(10):855-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075342
el Ahmar W; Poumbourios P; McPhee DA; Kemp BE; St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria,; Australia.
Syu et al. recently reported that deletion of residues Ile-108 to Leu-116 from the amino terminus of gp120 abolished CD4 binding. The authors have investigated the role of this region using a monospecific antipeptide antibody. As assessed by a microtiter plate-based radioimmunoassay, the antibody, raised in sheep agai
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Sep;7(9):767-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075350
Baillou A; Janvier B; Mayer R; Kanki P; M'Boup S; Denis F; Goudeau A; Essex M; Barin F; Departement de Microbiologie Medicale et Moleculaire, URA CNRS; 1334, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France.
In this study the presence of a highly immunogenic domain located at the C-terminus of the external glycoproteins (EGP) of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIVMAC) is shown using synthetic oligopeptides as antigens in enzyme immunoassays. This epitope is probably located within the last 13
Blood. 1991 Dec 15;78(12):3200-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92075967
Miles SA; Lee K; Hutlin L; Zsebo KM; Mitsuyasu RT; Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA AIDS Clinical Research; Center 90024-1793.
Hematopoietic dysfunction with peripheral cytopenias is a common complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Symptomatic anemia is the most common cytopenia and occurs in the presence and absence of myelosuppressive drug therapy such as zidovudine. Drug-induced neutropenia and immune thrombocytopenia
Howard KJ; Frank KB; Sim IS; Le Grice SF; Division of Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University; School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
Metal chelate affinity chromatography has been used to follow reconstitution of the 66- and 51-kDa human immunodeficiency (HIV)-1 and HIV-2 reverse transcriptase (RT) subunits into heterodimer, as well as chimeric enzymes comprised of heterologous subunits. By adding a small N-terminal polyhistidine extension to the 5
Weinberg JB; Matthews TJ; Cullen BR; Malim MH; Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs, Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of T lymphocytes requires cellular proliferation and DNA synthesis. Human monocytes were shown to have low DNA synthesis rates, yet the monocytotropic BaL isolate of HIV-1 was able to infect these cells efficiently. Monocytes that were irradiated to assure no DNA s
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Nov 15;134(10):1206-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92081738
Donahue JG; Nelson KE; Munoz A; Vlahov D; Rennie LL; Taylor EL; Saah AJ; Cohn S; Odaka NJ; Farzadegan H; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
In order to define the risk factors for infection with hepatitis C virus, the authors determined the prevalence and incidence of antibodies to hepatitis C in three cohorts in Baltimore, Maryland, enrolled in prospective studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. Among 500 multi-transfused patients who
Umlas J; Federman M; Crawford C; O'Hara CJ; Fitzgibbon JS; Modeste A; Department of Pathology, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA; 02238.
A rare spindle-cell pseudotumor caused by Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) that mimics a mesenchymal tumor, was recently reported (7,14). We report on three such pseudotumors in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), two involving lymph nodes and one involving the bone marrow. In the cour
Tan GT; Kinghorn AD; Hughes SH; Pezzuto JM; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of; Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
Psychotrine dihydrogen oxalate and O-methylpsychotrine sulfate heptahydrate (MP), the salts of isoquinoline alkaloids from ipecac, were found to be potent inhibitors of the DNA polymerase activity of human immunodeficiency virus-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT). We currently report the results of additional studies
Polak-Wyss A; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.
Prophylactic treatment with human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (hG-CSF) affords significant protection against systemic infections caused by C. albicans in cyclophosphamide-treated but not in cortisone-treated mice. Localized candidosis in neutropenic mice does not respond to hG-CSF. Our data show that granul
Nature. 1991 Dec 12;354(6353):453-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92086044
Phillips RE; Rowland-Jones S; Nixon DF; Gotch FM; Edwards JP; Ogunlesi AO; Elvin JG; Rothbard JA; Bangham CR; Rizza CR; et al; Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine,; University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK.
In a longitudinal study of HIV seropositive patients, there were fluctuations in the specificity of cytotoxic T cells for the virus. This was matched by variability in proviral gag DNA epitope sequences in the lymphocytes of these patients. Some of these viral variants are not recognized by autologous T cells. Accumul
Chirife R; Ortega DF; Salazar AI; Institute of Cardiology, National Academy of Medicine, Buenos; Aires, Argentina.
DDD and AAI pacemakers are considered physiological, since they preserve atrioventricular (AV) synchrony. Artificial pacing, however, is performed largely from right heart chambers, causing aberrant depolarization pathways. Pacing at the right atrial appendage (RAP) is known to delay left atrial contraction due to int
Transplant Proc. 1991 Dec;23(6):2937-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92087117
Yagihashi A; Yoshida Y; Terasawa K; Ujike Y; Konno A; Ogura K; Kobayashi M; Takenaka T; Hayashi S; Selby R; et al; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of; Medicine, Pennsylvania.
OBJECTIVE: To compare pyrimethamine plus clindamycin (PC) to pyrimethamine plus sulfadiazine (PS) as a treatment for toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN: Randomized, unblinded phase II, multicenter trial with provision for crossover for failure or intole
N Engl J Med. 1992 Jan 9;326(2):83-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92080003
Saag MS; Powderly WG; Cloud GA; Robinson P; Grieco MH; Sharkey PK; Thompson SE; Sugar AM; Tuazon CU; Fisher JF; et al; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham School; of Medicine.
BACKGROUND. Intravenous amphotericin B, with or without flucytosine, is usually standard therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Fluconazole, an oral triazole agent, represents a promising new approach to the treatment of cryptococcal disease. METHODS. In a r
Vogel J; Cepeda M; Tschachler E; Napolitano LA; Jay G; Laboratory of Virology, Jerome H. Holland Laboratory, American; Red Cross, Rockville, Maryland 20855.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with a clinical latency of as long as 10 years before the development of disease. One explanation for this delay is the requirement of cofactors such as other DNA or RNA viruses, cytokines critical for immune modulation, or environmental UV light. At least in
Gao Q; Gu ZX; Parniak MA; Li XG; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Chemin Cote; Ste-Catherine, Quebec, Canada.
Drug-resistant variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have been isolated by in vitro selection. MT-4 cells were infected with either a laboratory strain (HIV-IIIB) or a clinical isolate (no. 187) of HIV-1 and maintained in medium containing subeffective concentrations of the drugs 3 -azido-3 -deoxythy
Dimitrov DS; Hillman K; Manischewitz J; Blumenthal R; Golding H; Section on Membrane Structure and Function, National Cancer; Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The high-affinity interaction between the envelope glycoprotein (gp120-gp41) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and its receptor, CD4, is important for viral entry into cells and therapeutical approaches based on the soluble form of CD4 (sCD4). Using flow cytometry, we studied the kinetics of binding of sCD4 t
Berkhout B; Jeang KT; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
We have analyzed the contributory role of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) promoter and enhancers in basal and Tat-induced transcription. We found that a minimal promoter competent for basal expression is contained within sequences spanning nucleotides -43 to +80. Basal expression from this HIV-1 promot
Schwartz S; Felber BK; Pavlakis GN; Human Retrovirus Section, National Cancer Institute-Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702-1201.
The expression of Gag, Pol, Vif, Vpr, Vpu, and Env proteins from unspliced and partially spliced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mRNAs depends on the viral protein Rev, while the production of Tat, Rev, and Nef from multiply spliced mRNAs does not require Rev. To investigate the difference between gag and
Garrido C; Leprince D; Lipsick JS; Stehelin D; Gospodarowicz D; Saule S; Cancer Research Institute, University of California Medical; Center, San Francisco 94143-0128.
The v-myb- and v-ets-containing E26 retrovirus induces the proliferation of chicken neuroretina (CNR) cells in minimal medium. Proliferation of E26 CNR cells is strongly stimulated by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The v-myb-containing avian myeloblastosis virus also induces the proliferation of infected CNR c
Prakash K; Ranganathan PN; Mettus R; Reddy P; Srinivasan A; Plotkin S; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Children's; Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Deletion mutants of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) which were unable to integrate into host cells were generated by removing a portion of the integrase (IN) domain of the pol gene. The resulting plasmid was transfected into HUT-78 and human rhabdomyosarcoma cells. In comparison with the parental plasmid DNA tr
Haigwood NL; Nara PL; Brooks E; Van Nest GA; Ott G; Higgins KW; Dunlop N; Scandella CJ; Eichberg JW; Steimer KS; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608-2916.
The protection of individuals from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection with an envelope subunit derived from a single isolate will require the presentation of conserved epitopes in gp120. The objective of the studies presented here was to test whether a native recombinant gp120 (rgp120) immunogen wou
Anderson DJ; Lee P; Levine KL; Sang JS; Shah SA; Yang OO; Shank PR; Linial ML; Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, Seattle, Washington 98104-2092.
The nonconditional RNA packaging mutant SE21Q1b contains cis- and trans-acting defects which cause cellular mRNA, rather than viral genomic RNA, to be nonspecifically packaged into SE21Q1b viral particles. Using genomic libraries of the c-SE21Q1b quail cell line, we have been able to construct a molecular clone of the
Willey RL; Maldarelli F; Martin MA; Strebel K; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Intracellular transport and processing of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope precursor glycoprotein, gp160, proceeds via the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex and involves proteolytic processing of gp160 into the mature virion components, gp120 and gp41. We found that coexpression of gp160
Moore JP; McKeating JA; Huang YX; Ashkenazi A; Ho DD; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
Primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are much less sensitive to neutralization by soluble CD4 (sCD4) and sCD4-immunoglobulin (Ig) chimeras (CD4-IgG) than are HIV-1 strains adapted to growth in cell culture. We demonstrated that there are significant reductions (10- to 30-fold) in the binding
Muchardt C; Seeler JS; Nirula A; Shurland DL; Gaynor RB; Department of Medicine, Southwestern Medical School, Dallas,; Texas 75235.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enhancer element is important in the regulation of HIV gene expression. A number of cellular proteins have been demonstrated to bind to the NF-kappa B motifs in this element. The genes encoding several of these proteins, including members of the rel family and PRDII-BF1, have bee
Dasgupta P; Reddy CD; Saikumar P; Reddy EP; Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19104-4268.
The proto-oncogene c-myb encodes a nuclear transcription factor that binds to DNA in a sequence-specific manner and activates transcription of several viral and cellular genes. Expression of the c-myb gene is induced in mitogen- and/or antigen-stimulated T lymphocytes, which are also the preferential target cells of h
Cann AJ; Churcher MJ; Boyd M; O'Brien W; Zhao JQ; Zack J; Chen IS; Department of Microbiology, University of Leicester, United; Kingdom.
Different isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vary in the cell tropisms they display, i.e., the range of cell types in which they are able to establish a productive infection. Here, we report on the phenotypes of recombinants between two molecularly cloned strains of HIV-1. Our results prove that t
Michael NL; Vahey M; Burke DS; Redfield RR; Department of Retroviral Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850.
Studies of cultivatable human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from plasma samples from infected patients have shown a correspondence between increasing viral burden and disease progression, but these measurements are selective and thus nonrepresentative of the in vivo viral load. Quantitation of proviral DNA seq
Lu W; Andrieu JM; Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Hopital Laennec, Universite de; Paris V, France.
Numerous studies have suggested that there are significant differences in replication capacities and cytopathicities among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates and that these differences correlate with the clinical status and geographical origin of infected individuals. However, it has been difficult t
Courgnaud V; Laure F; Fultz PN; Montagnier L; Brechot C; Sonigo P; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U75; CHU Necker, Paris, France.
We determined the nucleotide sequences of two related isolates of simian immunodeficiency virus from the sooty mangabey monkey (SIVsmm) that exhibit dramatic differences in virulence. These isolates are separated by one experimental cross-species transmission, from sooty mangabey to pig-tailed macaque. The parental vi
Page KA; Stearns SM; Littman DR; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0414.
The third hypervariable (V3) domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein has been proposed to play an important role in mediating viral entry. Antibodies to the V3 domain block HIV-1 infection but not virus binding to CD4. At the center of the V3 domain is a relatively conserved seq
The active form of the retroviral proteinase (PR) is a homodimer of monomeric subunits expressed as integral parts of the viral gag-pol precursor polyproteins, and dimerization of polyproteins is presumed to be important for regulation of PR activity. Expression of a single-chain dimer of the human immunodeficiency vi
Ho WZ; Lioy J; Song L; Cutilli JR; Polin RA; Douglas SD; Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Children's; Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
We have investigated the susceptibility of cord blood monocyte-derived macrophages to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro. Cord blood monocytes were maintained in vitro for 10 to 15 days and then infected with HIV-1. Syncytia were observed 14 days after infection by light microscopy. Viral p
Fantini J; Yahi N; Baghdiguian S; Chermann JC; Universite d'Aix-Marseille I, France.
Selected strains of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2 are able to infect human colon epithelial cells in vitro, suggesting a mechanism for the anal route of HIV transmission. In some cases, HIV is not produced by infected colon cells but can be rescued after coculture with T-lymphoid cells. One of t
Ghosh D; National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library; of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland 20894.
Previous reports (P. D. Katsanakis, C. E. Sekaris, and D. A. Spandidos, Anticancer Res. 11:381-383, 1991; J. Laurence, M. B. Sellers, and S. K. Sikder, Blood 74:291-297, 1989; R. Miksicek, A. Heber, W. Schmid, U. Danesch, G. Posseckert, M. Beato, and G. Schutz, Cell 46:283-290, 1986) have suggested the existence of a
Chin DJ; Agouron Institute, La Jolla, California 92037.
Complementary 18-mer oligodeoxynucleotides (oligonucleotides) specifically inhibited the formation of human immunodeficiency virus Rev-Rev-response element (RRE) complexes. Inhibition of Rev-RRE binding required blockage of G-7819 to G-7820 in band shift assays. Structural studies revealed both local and distal effect
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):1-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085752
Gold JW; Department of Medicine, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, New York.
This article discusses the epidemiology, diagnostic methods, prevention of complications, and medical management of HIV-1 infection. Many different therapeutic strategies for HIV-1 infection are being evaluated, but until the immune suppression is eradicated, presumably through more effective antiviral therapy, compli
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):107-19. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085754
Bernard EM; Sepkowitz KA; Telzak EE; Armstrong D; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, New York.
In much of the world, pneumocystosis remains the most common life-threatening opportunistic infection among patients with HIV disease. The infection is caused by Pneumocystis carinii--an organism whose identity as a fungus or parasite is still debated. What is no longer debated, after a decade of AIDS, is that pneumoc
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):121-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085755
Pitchenik AE; Fertel D; Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida.
AIDS has been responsible for a significant increase in mycobacterial disease, which in this setting is often extrapulmonary. In contrast to HIV-associated Mycobacterium avium complex disease, HIV-associated tuberculosis is normally transmissible between humans by the aerosol route, occurs earlier than most AIDS-relat
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):173-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085756
Daar ES; Meyer RD; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles,; California.
The rapid and thus far generally inexorable rise in HIV infections has led to a series of opportunistic infection that includes those caused by bacteria, yeasts, and members of the Eumycetes. The infections range in prevalence from occasional to highly prevalent, in severity from trivial to fatal, and in anatomic area
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):19-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085757
White DA; Zaman MK; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
The authors provide an overview of the spectrum of pulmonary disorders commonly encountered in the HIV-infected patient. Then an approach to assessment of patients and the limitations and indications for specific diagnostic techniques are discussed. Finally, recommendations for prophylactic measures are given.
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):205-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085758
Gellin BG; Soave R; Department of Medicine, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center,; New York.
Cryptosporidium sp. and Isospora belli are coccidian protozoan parasites that were long recognized as pathogens for many animal species. The medical community became acquainted with these organisms with the advent of AIDS. Both parasites are associated with persistent, debilitating enteritis and, in the case of Crypto
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):253-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085760
Levine AM; University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los; Angeles.
Lymphoma has been well described in various states of congenital, acquired, and iatrogenic immune dysfunction, and the clinical and pathologic characteristics in these settings are similar to those seen in patients with HIV-induced immunodeficiency. High grade B cell lymphomas are expected, with widespread extranodal
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):269-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085761
Weiss SH; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health,; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey; Medical School, Newark.
The perception of degree of risk can vary markedly from actual risk. About 5% of the cases of AIDS and HIV infection in the United States have occurred in healthcare workers, a percentage that has remained stable over time. Nearly all of these infections are related to lifestyle factor
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):45-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085762
Tanowitz HB; Simon D; Wittner M; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.
Gastrointestinal manifestations of AIDS are common. Opportunistic infections and tumors may affect any portion of the GI tract from oral cavity to anus. Esophageal involvement may result from Candida, CMV , HSV, HIV, and tumors. Biliary tract and pancreatic disea
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):63-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085763
Brew BJ; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, St.; Vincent's Medical Centre, Kensington, Sydney, Australia.
This article discusses the wide range of neurologic complications of HIV infection according to degree of advancement of systemic HIV disease. The focus is principally on those disorders that appear at least in part to be directly related to HIV: AIDS dementia complex,
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):99-106. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085765
Jacobsberg LB; Perry S; Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical Center, New; York, New York.
Despite the complexity and magnitude of the psychiatric disturbances associated with HIV illness, a good deal is understood about their clinical presentation. Techniques for psychopharmacologic and psychotherapeutic management have been well established and are readily available. The expertise developed for management
Giacca M; Gutierrez MI; Menzo S; Di Fagagna FD; Falaschi A; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology,; Trieste, Italy.
Transcriptional regulation of the proviral form of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is exerted by its 5 long terminal repeat (LTR), which contains recognition sites for several cell factors. By gel retardation and DNase I footprinting experiments we have identified a binding site for a human nuclear pr
Mizrachi Y; Sternas L; Volsky DJ; Molecular Virology Laboratory, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital; Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10019.
Animal cells differ in susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. To identify rodent cells which are permissive to HIV-1 replication, we transfected murine and rat cells with an infectious clone of HIV-1 and a vector containing the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene under the control of HIV-1 LTR. Three groups of transfe
Segments of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 gag and pol genes and mutants thereof were transiently expressed in mammalian cells. Expression was dependent on the presence of the rev responsive element in cis and the rev protein in trans and was readily detected by indirect immunofluorescence or Western bl
A series of synthetic peptides derived from the envelope glycoprotein of human T lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) was used in an enzyme immunoassay to determine the immunodominant epitopes of envelope glycoprotein. Of the 11 synthetic peptides spanning the external glycoprotein of HTLV-II (gp52) and the 3 from the
Travis BM; Dykers TI; Hewgill D; Ledbetter J; Tsu TT; Hu SL; Lewis JB; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle,; Washington 98121.
To study the roles of the V3 hypervariable region (amino acid residues 301-336) of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp160) during infection, we constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses that expressed either wild-type gp160 (v-env10) or mutant gp160 in which the V3 region was deleted (v-dl29.1 and v-dl29.2). In v-dl29.
Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jan 15;116(2):124-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92088179
Diaz PT; Clanton TL; Pacht ER; Ohio State University, Columbus.
OBJECTIVE: To describe a possible association between prolonged infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and a pathophysiologic process suggestive of pulmonary emphysema. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: The Ohio State University Hospital, Columbus, Ohio. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We describe four HIV-serop
Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jan 15;116(2):129-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92088180
Wachtel T; Piette J; Mor V; Stein M; Fleishman J; Carpenter C; Rhode Island Hospital, Providence.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and validity of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Short Form Health Survey as an indicator for quality of life in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN: Patient interview survey. SETTING: The AIDS Health Services Program in seven sites: Newark and Jer
Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jan 15;116(2):148-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92088183
Waldmann TA; Pastan IH; Gansow OA; Junghans RP; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Activation of resting T-lymphocytes induces synthesis of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) and expression of cell surface receptors for this lymphokine. In contrast to resting normal T-cells that do not express high-affinity IL-2 receptors (IL-2R), abnormal T-cells of patients with
N Engl J Med. 1992 Jan 9;326(2):101-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92079981
Landis SE; Schoenbach VJ; Weber DJ; Mittal M; Krishan B; Lewis K; Koch GG; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University; of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
BACKGROUND. We sought to compare two methods of notifying sex partners of subjects infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or persons who had shared needles with them (needle-sharing partners): patient referral, in which the responsibility for notifying partners was left to the patient, and provider refer
Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jan 1;116(1):63-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92074714
Smith PD; Quinn TC; Strober W; Janoff EN; Masur H; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
As the largest lymphoid organ in the body, the gastrointestinal tract is a potential reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and it is an important site for HIV-induced immunodeficiency. The resulting defects in cellular and humoral defens
Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jan 1;116(1):55-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92074712
Sayers MH; Anderson KC; Goodnough LT; Kurtz SR; Lane TA; Pisciotto P; Silberstein LE; Puget Sound Blood Center, Seattle, Washington.
OBJECTIVE: To define the groups of patients at risk for transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infection and to define the methods to reduce this risk. DATA SOURCES: English-language publications on transfusion medicine. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Studies were selected t
Mergia A; Pratt-Lowe E; Shaw KE; Renshaw-Gegg LW; Luciw PA; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis; 95616.
Simian foamy virus type 1 (SFV-1), a member of the Spumavirinae subfamily of retroviruses, encodes a transcriptional transactivator (taf) that strongly augments gene expression directed by the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) (A. Mergia, K. E. S. Shaw, E. Pratt-Lowe, P. A. Barry, and P. A. Luciw, J. Virol. 65:2903-290
Desaintes C; Hallez S; Van Alphen P; Burny A; Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Faculte des Sciences,; Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Rhode-St-Genese, Belgium.
The E6 protein of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16), along with E7, is responsible for the HPV-induced malignant transformation of the cervix. However, the mechanism of this transformation activity is not well understood. We investigated whether the entire E6 protein of HPV-16 could act as an activator of transcri
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):83-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085764
Heinemann MH; Department of Ophthalmology, Cornell University Medical College,; New York, New York.
The majority of AIDS patients will develop ocular complications at some point during the course of their illness. The most common complications involve the retina. Accurate diagnosis of noninfectious and infectious (especially CMV ) retinopathy is extremely impor
Muenchau DD; Ruscetti S; Anderson WF; Molecular Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood; Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Induction of erythroleukemia in mice by the replication-defective spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) relies on the presence of a helper virus to deliver the SFFV genome to erythroid target cells. Pseudotyping studies with different ecotropic murine leukemia viruses (MuLV) have shown that SFFV pseudotyped with Akv, the
Volsky B; Sakai K; Reddy MM; Volsky DJ; Division of Molecular Virology, St Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital; Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10019.
Stable transfection of H4 neuroglioma cells with the Epstein-Barr virus-based eucaryotic CD4 expression vector pKS286 generated the cell line, H4/CD4, in which greater than 90% of cells express surface CD4 receptors. Optimal conditions for infection of H4/CD4 cells with HIV-1 were determined; these included a cocultiv
Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jan 15;116(2):103-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92088177
Buchwald D; Cheney PR; Peterson DL; Henry B; Wormsley SB; Geiger A; Ablashi DV; Salahuddin SZ; Saxinger C; Biddle R; et al; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; 02115.
OBJECTIVE: To conduct neurologic, immunologic, and virologic studies in patients with a chronic debilitating illness of acute onset. DESIGN: Cohort study with comparison to matched, healthy control subjects. PATIENTS: We studied 259 patients who sought care in one medical practice; 29% of the patients were regularly b
Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jan 1;116(1):13-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92074705
Meng TC; Fischl MA; Boota AM; Spector SA; Bennett D; Bassiakos Y; Lai SH; Wright B; Richman DD; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92161.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and immunologic and antiviral effects of combination therapy with zidovudine and dideoxycytidine ( ddC ) in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (H
Sweet RW; Truneh A; Hendrickson WA; SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia,; Pennsylvania.
CD4 is critical for the development and function of the CD4+ subset of T cells and also subserves as the receptor for the human immunodeficiency viruses. Reports in the past year clarify the role and the molecular interactions of CD4 in these events. Determination of the structure of an extracellular fragment of CD4 r
Singh OM; Baines DS; Hall RM; Gray NM; Weir MP; Department of Genetics, Glaxo Group Research Ltd., Greenford,; Middlesex, U.K.
The availability of target proteins in sufficient quantity is a limiting factor in crystallographic studies and therefore in rational drug design. Even after optimisation, expression of recombinant proteins may be low and the only way to produce enough protein is by large scale cell growth/purification. HIV-1 proteina
Pullen KA; Ishimoto LK; Champoux JJ; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of; Washington, Seattle 98195.
A synthetic RNA oligonucleotide (15-mer) corresponding to the 3 end of the lysine tRNA primer was hybridized to single-stranded DNA containing the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) primer-binding site and extended with a DNA polymerase. The resulting structures were used to study primer removal by the RNase
Littaua RA; Oldstone MB; Takeda A; Ennis FA; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical; Center, Worcester 01655.
A CD4+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clone, established from the peripheral blood of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive donor, lysed autologous target cells that were infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus containing the gag gene of HIV type 1 and target cells pulsed with p24gag construct expressed i
Med Clin North Am. 1992 Jan;76(1):235-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085759
Krown SE; Myskowski PL; Paredes J; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, New York.
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) presents with variable severity in the context of HIV infection. Various therapeutic approaches can be taken, and these are determined by the extent and location of KS lesions and the severity of tumor-related symptoms. New insights into the pathogenesis of KS lesions may provide innovative treat
N Engl J Med. 1992 Jan 16;326(3):161-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92085983
Weber R; Bryan RT; Owen RL; Wilcox CM; Gorelkin L; Visvesvara GS; Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious; Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
BACKGROUND. The diagnosis of infection with Enterocytozoon bieneusi, a microsporidian organism that causes chronic diarrhea in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), has depended on invasive procedures. We have developed a new method to detect microsporidia spores in feces and duodenal aspirate
Phillips DM; Bourinbaiar AS; Population Council, Center for Biomedical Research, New York, New; York 10021.
Contact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected MOLT-4 lymphocytes with epithelial cells derived from small intestine (I407; Intestine 407) resulted in a rapid polar budding of viral particles into an enclosed space formed by interdigitating microvilli of the contacting cells. Electron microscopy showed that re
Lindstrom E; Koga Y; Wigzell H; Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
To analyze which gene of HIV-1 was responsible for the high accumulation of heterodisperse RNAs in virally infected T-cells, Northern blot analysis was performed. Total RNA from inducible cell lines expressing the envelope protein of HIV-1, or the regulatory gene rev, were blotted and hybridized with an Alu probe that
Byrne, Peter, ed. Health, Rights and Resources: King's College Studies 1987-8. London: Oxford University Press, for King Edward's Hospital Fund for London, 1988 :76-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/34195
South Eastern Reporter, 2d Series. 1990 Mar 8 (date of decision);390:814-826. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33906
Benjamin R. began work for the Orkin Exterminating Co. as a pest control inspector in May 1986. In January 1987, he tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a clinical precursor to AIDS. In July 1987, Benjamin told Orkin of his condition, and was discharged. At issue is whether a person who tests
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