Transfusion-associated hepatitis B: past and present.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1992. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Transfusion-associated hepatitis B: past and present.

Transfus Med Rev. 1988 Dec;2(4):204-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92173770
Seeff LB; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Washington, DC.

Abstract: Thus, it can be concluded that: (1) Hepatitis B, even before the introduction of donor screening for HBsAg, probably never accounted for more than one-quarter of all cases of transfusion-associated hepatitis. (2) As of 1988, the frequency of this viral infection in blood recipients, now that sensitive donor screening for HBsAg is routine, is less than 10%. The exception are multiply transfused populations, such as hemophiliacs, the majority of whom have evidence of current or past exposure to hepatitis B. However, new inactivation procedures are likely to reduce the attack rate in virgin populations of hemophiliacs. (3) Interdiction of paid blood has proved far more effective than donor screening for HBsAg in reducing the overall frequency of transfusion-associated hepatitis. (4) The current requirement that all donors be screened for anti-HBc and ALT as surrogate markers of non-A, non-B hepatitis infection, and for anti-HIV, is likely to reduce the hepatitis B attack rate even more, perhaps to near zero. (5) The long-term outcome of transfusion-associated hepatitis B has not been determined, a task that will remain difficult to accomplish because of the paucity of current cases. Information in this regard will need to be derived from the recall and reevaluation of pedigreed patients who participated in prospective studies that were conducted in the distant past.

Keywords: *Blood Transfusion Hepatitis B/HISTORY/PREVENTION & CONTROL/*TRANSMISSION Hepatitis B Antibodies/BLOOD Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/BLOOD History of Medicine, 19th Cent. History of Medicine, 20th Cent. Human HISTORICAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
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M9261008

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