VIRUS AND CHEMICAL-INDUCED IMMUNOSUPPRESSION IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1992. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

VIRUS AND CHEMICAL-INDUCED IMMUNOSUPPRESSION IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES

Diss Abstr Int [B]; 52(6):2982 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92679383
Javadian MA; New Mexico State Univ.

Abstract: A successful cellular immune response includes macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and lymphocytes. Modulation or interference with any of these components leads to suppression of the host immune response. The effects of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis Non-A, Non-B (NANB) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the chemical pesticide, heptachlor, on the initial aspects of immune response of exposed chimpanzees were investigated. The effects of HBV, NANB, and HIV on the function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were studied by employing a chemiluminescence assay. The present data have shown that all three viruses impair the generation of the respiratory burst by PMNs. The effect of viruses and heptachlor on the blastogenesis of chimpanzee lymphocytes was investigated by mitogenic stimulation and mixed lymphocyte reactions. Exposure of chimpanzee lymphocytes to heptachlor produced a significant decrease on the proliferative response of mitogens and mitomycin-treated allogenic cells. The natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity of HIV-infected chimpanzees was measured by 51Cr-release assay. The data from this study indicate that NK cytotoxic function was severely compromised in HIV-infected chimpanzees. Of potential relevance was the observation that cytolytic activity of depressed NK cells was restored after in vitro treatment with interleukin-2. Evidence from this study indicates that effects of heptachlor on the initial aspects of immune response in nonhuman primates are very much like that caused by HIV and hepatitis viruses. (Full text available from University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor, MI, as Order No. AAD91-33851).

Keywords: Animal Cell Division/DRUG EFFECTS Chimpansee troglodytes Cytotoxicity, Immunologic Hepatitis B Virus/*IMMUNOLOGY Hepatitis C Viruses/*IMMUNOLOGY Heptachlor/TOXICITY HIV/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV Infections/IMMUNOLOGY Immunity/*DRUG EFFECTS Interleukin-2/PHARMACOLOGY Killer Cells, Natural/IMMUNOLOGY Lymphocyte Transformation/DRUG EFFECTS/*IMMUNOLOGY Lymphocytes/CYTOLOGY Neutrophils/*IMMUNOLOGY THESIS
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