Spokane, Wash. : The Center, c1991 1 videocassette (12 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9200080A
Wilson D; Leong D; Caldero K; Barford D
(Producer) Program addresses pregnant employees contact with patients who have any of the following viruses: varicella-zoster, rubella, hepatitis B, herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus , HIV. Topics covered include risks, recommended work restrictions, and other strategies to prevent
A group of dedicated AIDS workers, including doctors, nurses, counselors, a patient advocate, and residents in training discuss clinically relevant information for the primary caregiver, and outline the organization of an effective AIDS team for the municipal hospital.
[Washington, D.C.] : Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, [1987] iii, 11 p (CRS report for Congress ; 87-510 E) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9200120
[Washington, D.C.] : Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, [1988] 21 p (CRS report for Congress ; 88-329 A) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9200119
[Washington, D.C.] : Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, [1988] 38 p (CRS report for Congress ; 88-381 A) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9200118
[Washington, D.C.] : Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, [1988] 11 p (CRS report for Congress ; 88-509 A) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9200103
[Washington, D.C.] : Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, [1989] 30 p (CRS report for Congress ; 89-85 GOV) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9200111
[Washington, D.C.] : Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, [1989] 96 p (CRS report for Congress ; 89-333 L) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9200122
[Washington, D.C.] : Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, [1989] 24 p (CRS report for Congress ; 89-234 A) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9200121
Human Retrovirology: HTLV. Blattner WA, ed. New York, Raven, 484 p., 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92677530
Anonymous; No affiliation given
Isolation and characterization of the first human retrovirus (human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I; HTLV-I) in 1980 culminated a search begun in the early decades of the century and propelled rapid progress, including recognition of the AIDS-causing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-I). This book reviews a decade of
Monsonego J; Inst. Alfred Fournier, Dept. of Cyto-Colposcopy, 25 Blvd. Saint; Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
Recently, a distinct increase has been seen in the incidence of viral anogenital condylomatous lesions in men and women. The epidemiological profile of cancer of the uterine cervix (including intraepithelial cancer) has changed, with an overall decrease in incidence in the past 30 yr, which has occurred mainly in wome
Caubel P; Foulques H; Blondon J; Lefranc JP; Dept. of Gynecology, Salpetriere Hosp., 47 Boulevard de; l'Hopital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France
Recent findings have suggested a high prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and/or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in HIV-seropositive women. Moreover, it has been established that HPV infection of the female genital tract frequently is multicentric in the general population with CIN. S
Kuffer R; Dept. of Pathology, Saint Louis Hosp., 1 rue Claude Vellefaux,; 75010 Paris, France
The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSC) shows great geographic variation, from 2.5 in southern England to 25/100,000 in certain parts of India , where it represents a major public health problem. Precancerous lesions of the oral cavity and the role of human papillomavirus
Recently, complementary DNA clones of human ADF were obtained from a cDNA library of the adult T-cell leukemia (ATL)-2 cells, using oligonucleotide probes based on the amino-acid sequence of human ATL-derived factor (ADF). ADF is highly homologous to the disulfide reducing enzyme thioredoxin found in prokaryotes and i
Fujii N; Kwon KW; Isogai E; Isogai H; Indoh T; Murakami T; Kimura K; Sekiguchi S; Oguma K; Dept. of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical Coll., S1, W17, Sapporo; 060, Japan
Spontaneous production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was shown in 4 (MT-1, MT-2, SMT-1 and HUT 102) of 5 human T-lymphoblastoid cell lines persistently infected with HTLV-I (MT-1, MT-2, SMT-1, HUT 102 and OKM-2). The 4 cell lines were not susceptible to the antivirus effect of IFN. In contrast, the multiplication of
Investigation of the ichthyotoxic plant Lomatium dissectum resulted in the isolation of a mixture of tetronic acids (17), which were responsible for the ichthyotoxicity, antimicrobial and antineoplastic activity of the organic soluble extracts. Fourteen analogs of 17 were prepared and evaluated for their antimicrobial
The envelope glycoprotein (gp70) of a molecularly cloned, replication defective feline leukemia virus (FeLV-FAIDS clone 61C) carries determinants for induction of fatal immunodeficiency disease. An infectious, probable parent genome clone (61E) induces viremia in cats but is minimally pathogenic. These two genomes are
The National Cancer Institute has conducted an extensive screening program to isolate and characterize novel anticancer agents from plants. As part of the program, two moss species of the genus Polytrichum (Polytrichaceae) were subjected to investigation. Ohioensin A (1), B (2), C (3), D (4), and E (5), novel benzonap
National Conference on New Oncologic Agents. February 6-8, 1991, Dallas, TX, p. 31, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678039
Rudnick SA; R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Res. Inst., Raritan, NJ 08869-0602
Since its introduction to the clinic in 1985, recombinant human erythropoietin has been used in a diverse range of physiologic replacement applications and pharmacologic interventions in the anemic patient (pt) or the surgical subject. The first anemia of renal failure studies conducted in Washington and in England sh
Workshop on Neoplastic Transformation in Human Cell Systems In Vitro: Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis. April 25-26, 1991, Washington, DC, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678294
Anonymous; No affiliation given
A workshop on Neoplastic Transformation in Human Cell Systems In Vitro, held April 25-26, 1991 at Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington, DC, aimed to present state-of-the-art data on human cell transformations in culture and to provide insight into the conversion of normal cells to a neoplastic state. Inv
Workshop on Neoplastic Transformation in Human Cell Systems In Vitro: Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, April 25-26, 1991, Washington, DC, p. S14, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678305
Jay G; Vogel J; Kim CM; Rhim JS; Lab. of Virology, Jerome H. Holland Lab., Rockville, MD
Patients (pts) with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) frequently present with cutaneous disorders, such as Kaposi s sarcoma, psoriasis, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Since these individuals are frequently infected not only by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but also by
Proceedings of the Felix Rutledge Society Twenty-Second Annual Meeting. May 23-25, 1991, Houston, TX p. 13, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678533
Burnett A; Johnson J; Young M; Willett G; Potkul RK; Barnes W; Doniger J; Delgado G; Georgetown Univ. Medical Center, Washington, DC
Thirty-two HIV-infected women were examined for evidence of occult human papillomavirus infection. Cervical cytology, Virapap, screening colposcopy, and biopsies of suspicious lesions were performed on all patients (pts). Immune status was assessed with absolute CD4 cell count. Human immunodeficiency virus infection w
The substrate interactions of two retroviral proteins were studied: the nucleocapsid (NC) protein and reverse transcriptase (RT). Retroviral NC proteins bind to retroviral RNA and contain one or two CysHis motifs which may be analogous to the CysHis motif of zinc fingers such as those found in the transcriptional acti
Kurimura T; Asanaka M; Hattori N; Yamada O; Department of Virology, Tottori University School of Medicine,; Yonago, Japan.
HIV infection is no doubt the primary cause of AIDS. But the relationship between HIV and its host lymphocytes is fairly complicated. It has become clear that the host range of the viruses varies according to the clinical stage of the patients from whom viruses were isolated. Besides, the cause or mechanism of cell ki
Nakakuma H; Kawaguchi T; Takatsuki K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; Medical School, Japan.
Glycosphingolipids, which are functionally present on plasma membrane of mammalian cells, have a variety of functions in immune system such as surface markers of lymphocytes and mediators or modulators of the cells. Interestingly, gangliosides induced selective modulation of CD4, which is not only the subset marker of
Ono K; Yamamoto K; Okumura K; Laboratory for Cell Biology, Pharma Research Laboratories,; Hoechst Japan, Ltd., Kawagoe.
During attempts to make antibodies cross-reactive with human lymphocytes, we established a monoclonal antibody (VJ-41) from the alloimmunization of mice, that is, B10. A (3R) anti-B10. A (5R). VJ-41 reacted with all cases of freshly isolated adult T-cell leukemia cells (36 cases) but not with cells from other hematolo
Farfan G; Vidal J; Phillips I; Llerena S; Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, UPCH, Lima,; Peru.
A study was done in 36 drug addict patients at the H. Valdizan Hospital We studied serological markers for Hepatitis B: HBsAg Anti-HBc, and anti-HIV was also made. They were not IV abusers. Five patients (13.8%) were positive for HBsAg and 6 (16.6%) for anti-HBc. Anti-HIV was negative in all the cases, that obtained f
J Med Liban. 1989;38(1):5-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045944
Naman RE; Mokhbat JE; Farah AE; Zahar KL; Ghorra FS
In order to evaluate the prevalence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus in Lebanon , serologic studies were performed in a group of 1406 individuals, of whom 397 belonged to high risk groups. There were 7 seropositive
J Med Liban. 1989;38(1):9-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045950
Mokhbat JE; Naman RE; Rahme FS; Farah AE; Zahar KL; Maalouf A
A group of 64 multitransfused individuals with hemophilia or congenital hemolytic anemias were tested for antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus. Thirty five of them were also evaluated clinically and their blood products supply was investigated. Only four hemophiliacs were found to be seropositive. The m
Rev Med Chil. 1989 Jun;117(6):624-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92053675
Quero MS; Suarez M; Uribe J; Cerda P; Espoz H; Arroyave R
We studied 501 prostitutes from the northern and eastern areas of Santiago in november and december, 1987. HIV infection was studied by the HIV antibody and also by HIV antigen. At that time no positive reactors were found. Prostitutes from the northern area were older, of a lower socioeconomic background and less pro
Rev Med Chil. 1989 Jul;117(7):794-803. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92053702
Sepulveda C
The AIDS epidemics is a serious threat to world health. Transmission of infection follows well defined routes: sexual contact with infected people, transfusion of blood or other contaminated products and the transplacental infection. The bulk of cases is due homo or heterosexual contact. Measures to decrease the risk
Rev Med Chil. 1989 Aug;117(8):910-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92053720
Pacheco D; Ballesteros F; Gonzalez M; Saffie P; Northland R
A homosexual patient known to be HIV positive for 2 years developed fever, herpes labialis, salmonellosis and symmetric polyarthritis. No specific cause was documented for the arthritis which was ascribed to the AIDS syndrome. Partial improvement in symptoms was observed after therapy with cotrimoxazole and indomethac
Ann Osp Maria Vittoria Torino. 1989-90;31:51-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92060674
Fox E; Bogetti P; Cassano M; Borsetti G; Divisione di Chirurgia Plastica, Ospedale Maria Vittoria di; Torino.
We propose a step-by-step procedure for biopsy of lymph nodes in patients carrying anti HIV 3 antibodies. The procedure involves the use of a fully disposable operating set and instruments. It was used in 57 cases spanning a two years trial.
Ann Osp Maria Vittoria Torino. 1989-90;31:55-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92060675
Bogetti P; Preziosi C; Fox E; Cassano M; Borsetti G; Divisione di Chirurgia Plastica, Ospedale Maria Vittoria, Torino.
In AIDS lymph node biopsy is important both for grading and for differential diagnosis. Skin biopsy is used for identifying Kaposi s sarcoma, which is present in about a third of AIDS cases. Authors have performed 69 biopsies in local anaesthesia taking the necessary precautions as for HBsAg-positive subjects.
Zoumpourlis V; Patsilinacos P; Kotsinas A; Maurer HR; Lenas P; Spandidos DA; Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National; Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.
A recombinant plasmid carrying the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) linked to the reporter chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene was stably introduced into human fibroblasts. The transfectant cells expressed CAT activity from the HIV LTR. The response to anti-neoplastic
Crichton P; Lewis S; Department of Psychiatry, Charing Cross Hospital, London.
A patient with AIDS developed the Capgras syndrome as part of an acute confusional state resulting from an opportunistic infection. Neuropsychological testing suggested non-dominant hemisphere dysfunction with impaired facial recognition. Serial CT scanning showed a right parietal lesion which resolved after the psyc
Med Clin (Barc). 1990 Dec 8;95(20):782-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92047662
Alvarez R; Graus F; Abos J; Miro JM; Carreras J; Mercader JM; Tolosa E; Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clinic i Provincial,; Barcelona.
We report three cases of postherpetic vasculopathy in immunologically compromised patients. Two had ophthalmic herpes zoster, contralateral to the physical signs, and the third case developed after disseminated herpes zoster. The initial CT images consisted of small ischemic infarcts in capsular regions and basal gang
Results of 235 surveys applied to odontologists performing root canal treatments to ascertain their general knowledge about AIDS. Special emphasis is made on preventive measures they take in their daily practice during handling of the patient, instruments and materials. The most outstanding characteristics of the dise
Rev Med Chil. 1990 Mar;118(3):269-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92053758
Oddo D; Vial M; Henriquez A; Departamento de Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Clinico de la P; Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago.
Sixteen patients with P. carinii infection were studied between 1977 and 1989; 12 were male and the age ranged from 4 months to 53 years old. 19 samples, 5 from autopsy, 7 from biopsy and 7 cytological aspirates were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Gomori-Grocott, Giemsa and 0 toluidine. Autopsy material was studied b
Rev Med Chil. 1990 Mar;118(3):296-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92053763
Lobos T; Acuna G; Espinoza R; Leon E; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Escuela de Medicina, P; Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago.
The diagnosis of cryptococcal infection was established in 3 patients with AIDS. Infection was meningo-encephalic in all and presented a violent outset. The chemical characteristics of the CSF were normal. Detection of cryptococcal antigen, presence of encapsulated yeast forms revealed by india-ink staining and positi
Kaposi s sarcoma is a multicentric malignant neoplasm probably of endothelial origin. Four forms of Kaposi s sarcoma are now recognised. AIDS-Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common malignant neoplasm associated with HIV-infection. About 20% of patients with HIV infection develop Kaposi s sarcoma and half on of them appea
Lopez N; Pina F; Universidad Central de Venezuela.
Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is a new lesion that appears specifically on the lateral borders of the tongue. It has basically been detected in immunosuppressed male homosexuals and it is associated with the later development of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or HIV infection. Epstein-Barr virus has been
Lesions of the oral mucous membrane are studied in 100 heroin dependent people compared with 100 control, other habits like smoking, alcohol ingesting and sexual oral practices are also taking in consideration. Salival flux and other salival characteristics are also analyzed. The heroin dependent people show significa
Most HIV-infected patients present with associated diseases (inflammations, hyperplastic disorders of the lymphatic tissue and malignancies) in the head and neck region. Speculum, endoscopy, ultrasound and computed tomography are important tools in the diagnostic management of HIV presentations. Moreover, MR is known
Russell NK; Boekeloo BO; Rafi IZ; Rabin DL; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Georgetown; University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007.
Faulk WP; Labarrere CA; Center for Reproduction and Transplantation Immunology, Methodist; Hospital of Indiana, Indianapolis 46202.
Cryostat sections of human normal term placentae were studied for evidence of immunopathology by using antibodies to lymphocytes, macrophages, platelets, and coagulation factors. Areas of so-called chronic villitis of unestablished etiology were identified in all placentae. The same tissues were examined for HIV prote
Kuhlman JE; Fishman EK; Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological; Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; 21205.
Weiner DB; Huebner K; Williams WV; Greene MI; Wistar Institute, Department of Medicine, University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
The human CD4 glycoprotein is a specific receptor for the HIV family of retroviruses. When expressed on human cell lines, this molecule binds virus through direct interactions with the gp 120 viral envelope glycoprotein thus allowing virus infection to occur. Subsequent to binding, conformational changes in the viral
Devergne O; Peuchmaur M; Crevon MC; Trapani JA; Maillot MC; Galanaud P; Emilie D; INSERM U131, Clamart, France.
Serine esterase B (SE B) is a protein contained in cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells; SE B gene is transcribed upon activation of these cytotoxic cells. In order to show the in vivo interactions between HIV-infected cells and anti-HIV cytotoxic cells we analysed, by in situ hybri
Wassermann K; Schell-Frederick E; Eckert G; Don M; Pothoff G; Hilger HH; 3rd Medical Department, University of Cologne, Germany.
In order to determine the possible effect of aerosolized pentamidine on the cellular composition of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in HIV-infected patients, differential counts of 22 consecutive patients who had been rebronchoscopied after 3-19 months were reviewed. Eleven patients were started on pentamidine prophy
Capitanio JP; Lerche NW; Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis; 95616-8686.
Infection of macaques by the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), like HIV infection in humans, results in a variable time course to clinical disease. Developmental studies of macaques have shown that psychosocial disruption, including social separations, can result in both immediate and long-term immunological conseq
Lindgren S; Anzen B; Bohlin AB; Lidman K; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huddinge Hospital,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Forty-four HIV-1-seropositive women and their children were followed-up and examined in connection with the course of pregnancy, mother-to-infant transmission of HIV and clinical outcome. Twelve out of 48 children were known to be infected and two children were lost to follow-up. Of the remaining 34 children, 22 are n
Sinforiani E; Mauri M; Bono G; Muratori S; Alessi E; Minoli L; IIIrd Dept of Neurology, IRCCS C. Mondino, University of Pavia,; Italy.
A selected population of 41 homosexual/bisexual asymptomatic HIV-positive subjects were administered neurophysiological tests to assess language, memory, attention, logic faculties and visuo-motor functions. HIV-positive subjects differed from individually matched control subjects only in certain measures of verbal me
Chiasson MA; Stoneburner RL; Hildebrandt DS; Ewing WE; Telzak EE; Jaffe HW; New York City Department of Health, AIDS Research Unit, New York; 10013.
A study of risk factors for HIV-1 infection was conducted at a sexually transmitted disease clinic in an area of New York City where the cumulative incidence of AIDS in adults through mid-1990 was 9.1 per 1000 of the population and where the use of illicit drugs, including smokable freebase cocaine (crack), is common.
Wilkins A; Hayes R; Alonso P; Baldeh S; Berry N; Cham K; Hughes A; Jaiteh K; Oelman B; Tedder R; et al; Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia.
A serosurvey was carried out to assess the prevalence of HIV infection in The Gambia and the importance of possible risk factors. The overall prevalence of HIV-2 infection among the 4228 adults studied was 1.7% while that of HIV-1 was 0.1%. The prevalence of HIV-2 was similar in bo
Weisfuse IB; Greenberg BL; Back SD; Makki HA; Thomas P; Rooney WC; Rautenberg EL; Division of AIDS Program Services, New York City Department of; Health, New York 10013.
A blinded seroprevalence survey for HIV-1 infection was conducted among individuals entering New York City (NYC) prisons in 1989. Data collected included age group, race/ethnicity, syphilis serologic results and self-admitted drug use. Remnant serum specimens were tested for HIV-1 antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbe
Varas F; Medrano L; Ballester S; Najera R; Subdireccion General de Investigacion, Instituto de Salud; Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
We have investigated the optimal reaction conditions and the limiting sensitivity for detection of HIV-1 DNA by PCR. The amplification systems studied were gag (SK38/SK39); pol (P3/P4); and two other systems described here for the first time, LTR (LTR1/LTR2) and nef (Nef1/Nef2), which amplify fragments of 115 bp, 308
McCance KL; Moser R Jr; Smith KR; College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.
Currently, no effective immunization prevents AIDS and no curative treatment exists for the AIDS patient. However, sufficient knowledge of the pathophysiology of this disease exists to prevent its spread. Effective application of this capability requires that health care providers secure and apply this knowledge. This
The present public health strategy to encourage the adoption of safe sex practices to contain the AIDS epidemic in America is incomplete. Current policy is responsive to and appropriate for control of homosexual, but not heterosexual transmission. Powerful societal forces restrict a woman s perception of risk. Consequ
Gann PH; Anderson S; Regan MB; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of; Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655.
We evaluated the beliefs of second-year medical students regarding critical issues in the AIDS epidemic before and after an intensive two-day training symposium. Paired responses, collected for three consecutive years, were available for 187 students. Our results indicate that, although the students generally held pro
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Jun;7(6):501-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030377
Haggerty S; Dempsey MP; Bukrinsky MI; Guo L; Stevenson M; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5120.
Alterations in two highly conserved N-linked glycosylation sites within the gp120 envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) implicated in the phenotype of a noncytopathic HIV-1 variant were introduced independently and in combination into a cytopathic, infectious HIV-1 clone by site-specific
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Jun;7(6):521-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030379
Lifson JD; Rausch DM; Kalyanaraman VS; Hwang KM; Eiden LE; Genelabs Incorporated, Redwood City, CA 94063.
Benzylated peptides with a primary amino acid sequence corresponding to either human CD4(81-92) (#18), or chimpanzee CD4(81-92) (#18C), were equipotent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of CD4+ cells and high-affinity binding of 125I-gp120 to CD4+ cells. The chimpanzee-based CD4(81-92
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Jun;7(6):529-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030380
Idziorek T; Klatzmann D; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Infections; Retrovirales, Bat. CERVI, Hopital de la Pitie, Paris, France.
A simple method by which a soluble form of human CD4 (sT4) is chemically coupled to various carriers using a bifunctional reagent is described. The cross-linking of sT4 and carriers is accomplished with sulfosuccinimidyl 4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (sulfo-SMCC) which creates a covalent bond between
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Jun;7(6):563-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030384
Roederer M; Raju PA; Staal FJ; Herzenberg LA; Herzenberg LA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, CA 94305.
The progression of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from its early latent (asymptomatic) stage to active, late-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) apparently begins with the production of inflammatory cytokines that stimulate the expression and replication of the latent virus. We have shown
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):637-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030385
McRae B; Lange JA; Ascher MS; de Wolf F; Sheppard HW; Goudsmit J; Allain JP; Department of Research and Development and Medical Research,; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL.
The immune response to the p24 core antigen of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was studied in serial samples collected prospectively from 52 homosexual males in two separate cohorts from Amsterdam and San Francisco. p24 antibody levels were quantified with an antigen sandwich immunoassay using p24 recombin
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):645-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030386
Warner JF; Anderson CG; Laube L; Jolly DJ; Townsend K; Chada S; St. Louis D; Immunobiology Group, Viagene, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121.
Recombinant retroviral vectors can efficiently transduce and express foreign genes in mammalian cells. We have examined the utility of retroviral vector-mediated gene transfer to deliver genes which encode human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV) antigens capable of stimulating specific immune responses. Murine fibro
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):671-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030389
Gan HX; Ruef C; Hall BF; Tobin E; Remold HG; Mellors JW; Department of Rheumatology, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, MA.
We have investigated the effects of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection on constitutive and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in cultured blood monocyte-derived macrophages. Highly productive and cytopathic infection of macrophages was established with the macrophage
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):681-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030390
Gartenhaus R; Michaels F; Hall L; Gallo RC; Reitz MS Jr; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The mechanisms determining the ability of some but not other strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to grow in peripheral blood monocyte-macrophages are presently unclear. The tat gene of HIV-1-IIIB which replicates poorly in human macrophages, and the tat gene of HIV-1-BaL, which replicates to high ti
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):697-706. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030392
Samuel KP; Hodge DR; Chen YM; Papas TS; Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Program Resources,; Inc./DynCorp, Frederick, MD.
Analysis of the predicted amino acid sequences of the human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and of the related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) nef gene products (Nef) reveals the presence of a conserved leucine zipper-like repeat with the characteristic 4,3 arrangement of mainly hydrophobic
The literature on nursing care of the hospitalized adult with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from 1982 to the present was examined, and 16 formal care plans were extracted. The nursing care plans were examined for commonalities of identified nursing diagnoses, which were then tabulated according to frequenc
von Gunten CF; Martinez J; Weitzman SA; Von Roenn J
Which AIDS patients should be admitted to hospice programs? Many health care professionals feel that any anti-viral drug or treatment directed against the opportunistic infections characteristic of AIDS to be incompatible with hospice philosophy. Others argue that inclusion of AIDS patients blurs the distinction betwe
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Fall;3(3):189-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030672
Flowers JV; Booraem C; Miller TE; Iverson AE; Copeland J; Furtado K; Chapman College, University of California, Irvine.
A standardized AIDS prevention program, Stop AIDS, was tested with gay and bisexual men in 3 different geographic locations: metropolitan Chicago; Orange County, California; and Phoenix, Arizona, employing a test of AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. Results indicted that the Chicago participants began with the
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Fall;3(3):197-206. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030673
Ford K; Norris A; Department of Population Planning and International Health,; School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
This paper reports on the first qualitative part of a study designed to investigate factors related to the use of condoms among African-American and Hispanic adolescents and young adults in Detroit. This paper describes who young, urban, African-American and Hispanic persons talk to about AIDS and condoms and what the
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Fall;3(3):215-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030675
Schneider DJ; Taylor EL; Prater LM; Wright MP; College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences; Center, Oklahoma City.
Development has been undertaken for microcomputer software intended to assess individual risk for HIV infection by analyzing personal case histories pertinent to drug abuse, receptive blood transfusion, and sexual behavior. The software performs interactive confidential interviews of individuals desiring expert assist
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Fall;3(3):230-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030676
Rosser SV; University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208.
A number of recent critiques have described the detrimental effects of male-centered approaches to medicine, which have resulted in exclusion of female subjects in drug trials and understudy of diseases of women. AIDS represents a prime example of a disease in which a male-centered approach has placed women at a disad
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Fall;3(3):241-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030677
Sullivan C; CRS, Inc., El Paso, Texas 79924.
Though the development of AIDS cases among Native Americans has paralleled the early stages of the epidemic in the United States , there are socio/cultural distinctions among many U.S. tribes that could lead to transmission differences. Patterns of sexual behavior, IV drug use, suicidal
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Fall;3(3):258-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030678
Singer M; Hispanic Health Council, Hartford, CT 06106.
The AIDS education and prevention literature contains numerous calls for the development of culturally relevant efforts to reach members of ethnic minority populations. In the AIDS literature on IV drug users (IVDUs), however, this issue finds less emphasis despite the disproportionate rate of human immunodeficiency v
Scabies may cause severe problems in immunocompromised persons. Three case histories are presented which illustrate these problems in people with advanced AIDS. Recommendations for treatment and management are made, with a comment about the need for a high level of suspicion about any atypical rash in an immunocomprom
LeBoit PE; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0506.
Bacillary angiomatosis is an opportunistic infection with systemic manifestations. Although most cases have occurred in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients, other immunosuppressed patients, and even seemingly immunocompetent individuals, can become infected. In addition to the well-characterized cutaneous m
Mitsuyasu RT; Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA AIDS Clinical Research; Center 90024.
Interferon alpha was one of the first drugs tested for the treatment of patients with AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma based on its known antiviral properties and its abilities to modulate immune function and inhibit neoplastic cell proliferation. In vitro studies demonstrated defective production of interferon by blood
New Biol. 1991 Aug;3(8):759-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031277
Modesti N; Garcia J; Debouck C; Peterlin M; Gaynor R; Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine 94143.
The Tat protein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is required for efficient viral gene expression. By means of mutational analyses, several domains of the Tat protein that are required for complete activation of HIV-1 gene expression have been defined. These include an amino-terminal activating domain
New Biol. 1991 Sep;3(9):896-906. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031293
Numata N; Ohtani K; Niki M; Nakamura M; Sugamura K; Department of Microbiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine,; Sendai, Japan.
We have conducted functional studies of the enhancer elements of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) using the human T-cell lines Jurkat and MOLT 4, which are negative for HTLV-I, and MT-2 and TL-Mor, which carry the proviral genome of HTLV-I. Two distinct elements have been implicated in function of the HTLV-
Banks SE; Brown LS Jr; Ajuluchukwu D; Division of Evaluation and Medical Affairs, Addiction Research; and Treatment Corporation, Brooklyn, NY 11201.
Heterosexual transmission of HIV infection is closely linked with intravenous drug use. This study investigated the sexual behaviors of intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in New York City. In 1986, 284 IVDUs were recruited from newly enrolled patients in methadone treatment clinics. A questionnaire asking for information
Galli G; Salvatori M; Antoni M; Ortona L; Ventura G; Maiuro G; Pirronti T; Marano P; Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred; Heart, Rome, Italy.
Scintigraphy with 99mTc labelled human polyclonal immunoglobulin was performed in 16 patients with ascertained or suspected AIDS-related infections. 99mTc-HIG lung scanning was compared, in 11 patients, with 67Ga scintigraphy, chest X-ray and high resolution lung CT. 67Ga and 99mTc-HIG were concordantly positive in fi
AIDS Care. 1991;3(3):265-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031815
Mercer MA; Liskin L; Scott SJ; Institute for International Programs, Johns Hopkins University; School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21202.
This study describes the professional risk of acquiring HIV infection while caring for AIDS patients at a teaching hospital in Brazil . Since 1985 we have tested health care professionals (HCP) for HIV-1 antibody after accidents with blood and body fluids from AIDS patients. The blo
AIDS Care. 1991;3(3):317-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031822
Skinner D; Metcalf CA; Seager JR; de Swardt JS; Laubscher JA; Centre for Epidemiological Research in Southern Africa,; Tygerberg.
Puppets Against AIDS is a novel educational medium being used to try to reduce the spread of HIV infection in South Africa . It involves the use of street theatre employing two-metre-high puppets who act out a story of how one person, who is infected with HIV, passes it onto a se
AIDS Care. 1991;3(3):331-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031823
Reidy M; Taggart ME; Asselin L; Faculte des Sciences Infirmieres, Universite de Montreal,; Quebec, Canada.
The presence in a family of a young child with AIDS, with the exception of a small number of transfusion-infected children, implies almost necessarily the presence of an infected adult, usually the mother. The problem in such a situation is not that of a child with a fatal illness but that of an entire family. Our stu
Guerrero A; Quereda C; Escudero R; Cobo J; Morcillo R; Marti-Belda P; Seccion de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Ramon y Cajal,; Universidad de Alcala de Henares, Madrid.
We analyze the experience in serologic diagnosis of Lyme s borreliosis. From a total of 551 patients studied from 1987 to 1989, we further evaluate 80 cases with erythema chronicum migrans or a clinical diagnosis of Lyme s disease and positive serological tests. The techniques used were IFI, ELISA1 (Whittaker Bioprodu
Aust J Public Health. 1991 Sep;15(3):178-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031972
Connell RW; Dowsett GW; Rodden P; Davis MD; Watson L; Baxter D; AIDS Research Unit, School of Behavioural Sciences, Macquarie; University, NSW.
The relationship between sexuality, gay communities and class is potentially a very large problem for AIDS prevention. Class is a historical process which interacts with sexuality in ways still little understood. The complexities of modern class structures need full acknowledgement; labour market groupings are interna
An Med Interna. 1991 Jul;8(7):356-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92032408
Garcia Talavera I; Diaz S; Pino JM; Alvarez-Sala R; Villasante C; Servicio de Neumologia, Hospital La Paz, Facultad de Medicina,; Universidad Autonoma de Madrid.
Ono K; Nakane H; Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research; Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
2 ,3 -dideoxyguanosine 5 -triphosphate (ddGTP) was found to be an efficient substrate for DNA polymerase beta when activated DNA was used as the template.primer. Under the optimized reaction conditions with activated DNA, the rate of the incorporation of ddGTP into DNA was almost equal to that of the corresponding nor
Berzofsky JA; Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, National; Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20814.
Both helper and cytotoxic T cells see primarily a limited number of immunodominant sites on a protein. The reasons for immunodominance are many. We have explored primarily the roles of antigen processing and binding to histocompatibility molecules, as well as the structural features of the antigenic peptide. This info
The lymphographic findings in 20 patients with AIDS-most in clinical stage IV-can be divided into four categories. In six there were no specific changes and in a further six the storage pattern was that of sinus histiocytosis. One patient showed transition to malignant lymphoma and another patient had atypical mycobac
Sasse H; Salmaso S; Conti S; Rezza G; Centro Operativo AIDS, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.
To better target efforts aimed at modifying sexual behaviour among injecting drug users (IDUs), we conducted a detailed analysis of sexual partners and practices reported by 1214 Italian heterosexual drug users during the period June 1985-June 1987. Females were more likely to have only drug-using partners (42.8% vs 1
Hartgers C; Van den Hoek A; Krijnen P; Van Brussel GH; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Department of Public Health and; Environment, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Three hundred and eighty six injecting drug users entered into an HIV study through methadone programs over a 40 month period. Differences in oral, intranasal and parenteral use of heroin and cocaine were assessed between four consecutive 10 month intake groups. Heroin smoking and cocaine freebasing were increased in
BMJ. 1991 Oct 5;303(6806):825-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92033412
Blackwell CC; James VS; Davidson S; Wyld R; Brettle RP; Robertson RJ; Weir DM; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh; Medical School.
Bull N Y Acad Med. 1991 Sep-Oct;67(5):439-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92033526
Klein WA; Reader GG; Department of Medicine, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center,; New York.
The New York Hospital has enjoyed a long, rich history in the development of American health care. AIDS has made relevant an understanding of the failures and successes achieved during past epidemics. Innovations in disease prevention and patient care have been essential in the conquest of pestilence. However, public
Saito M; Kondo A; Kato K; Gotoh M; Department of Urology, Nagoya University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Bladder dysfunction is a major complication of human T-lymphotrophic virus type I associated myelopathy (HAM). Four patients (3 females and 1 male, aged between 23 and 44 years), who had suffered from HAM for an average of 6 years complained variously of difficulty in micturition, frequency, bed wetting and/or urge in
Kozlowski MR; Sandler P; Lin PF; Watson A; Department of Screening and Biochemical Research, Bristol-Myers; Squibb Research Institute, Wallingford, CT 06492-7660.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) often produces a set of neuropsychiatric dysfunctions which have been termed the AIDS dementia complex. This complex appears due to the infection of brain cells by HIV-1. If so, brain cells might be expected to contain a bindi
Murray JF; University of California, San Francisco 94143-0841.
Tuberculosis remains a health problem of extraordinary magnitude, especially in developing countries. Unfortunately, many of the same countries have the additional burden of a remarkably high prevalence of HIV infection. Because of the inherent capacity of tubercle bacilli to take advantage of deficiencies in cell-med
Cancer. 1991 Dec 1;68(11):2466-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92034592
Levine AM; Sullivan-Halley J; Pike MC; Rarick MU; Loureiro C; Bernstein-Singer M; Willson E; Brynes R; Parker J; Rasheed S; et al; Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology), University of; Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
In an attempt to determine factors predictive of survival in patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma, the authors studied 60 such patients, all of whom were treated with curative intent. Eleven patients presented with lymphoma primar
Wang Z; AIDS Research and Surveillance Center, Chinese Academy of; Preventive Medicine, Beijing.
Comparing with foreign ELISA reagent and Western blot, evaluation of the quality of the immunoenzymatic reagent was done by testing four set of sera from residents in the border of Yunnan province and other provinces results suggested that the sensitivity of IE was 100% and its specificity was 99.4%. Other indexes wer
Cell. 1991 Nov 1;67(3):529-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92034975
Bartel DP; Zapp ML; Green MR; Szostak JW; Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital,; Boston 02114.
We have used an iterative in vitro genetic selection to identify the important structural features of the viral RNA element bound by the Rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Functional Rev-binding RNAs were selected from a pool of 10(13) variants of the wild-type Rev-binding domain. Bases conser
Inouye Y; Tokutake Y; Yoshida T; Yamamoto A; Yamase T; Nakamura S; Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
A polyoxomolybdoeuropate PM-104 (NH4)12H2[Eu4(MoO4)(H2O)16(Mo7O24)4].13H2O was found to be a potent inhibitor of the growth of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). On the basis of TI50 [median cytotoxic concentration (CC50)/median effective concen
Can J Anaesth. 1991 Jul;38(5):610-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92035212
Ikeda H; Hokkaido Red Cross Blood Center, Sapporo, Japan.
There are eight million blood donors in Japan . Blood is donated in units of 200 ml or 400 ml and by haemapheresis. The major problems are concerned with the transmission of infection, particularly with HIV and HTL-1 viral infections, and this leads to rejection of about 8% of donate
Can J Anaesth. 1991 Jul;38(5):626-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92035216
Schwartz D; Schwartz T; Cooper E; Pullerits J; Department of Anesthesiology, Tufts Medical School, Springfield,; Massachusetts.
The frequency of AIDS in the paediatric population is growing rapidly and is expected to get worse. The anaesthetist will participate in the care of these children in the operating room and the intensive care unit with increasing frequency and must therefore have an understanding of the many manifestations of this syn
Bull World Health Organ. 1991;69(4):399-406. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92035232
Chin J; Lwanga SK; Global Programme on AIDS, World Health Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland.
Many HIV/AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) models have been developed to help our understanding of the dynamics and interrelationships of the determinants of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) spread and/or to develop reliable estimates of the eventual extent of such spread. These models range from very simple
Bakker NP; van Erck MG; 't Hart LA; Jonker M; Institute for Applied Radiobiology and Immunology-TNO, Rijswijk,; The Netherlands.
Ten out of 14 rhesus monkeys developed arthritis after a single immunization with bovine type II collagen (B-CII). In contrast to primary resistant monkeys, arthritic animals showed a B-CII specific T cell proliferation during the induction phase of the disease. All surviving animals showed a full remission of the dis
North ME; Spickett GP; Webster AD; Farrant J; Immunodeficiency Diseases Research Group, Clinical Research; Centre, Harrow, England, UK.
Soluble CD8, soluble CD4, soluble CD25 ( IL-2 receptor), beta 2-microglobulin and the cytokine tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured in sera from patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI). Levels of soluble CD8, soluble CD25 and beta 2-microg
Peters AM; Jager FS; Warneke A; Muller K; Brunkhorst U; Schedel I; Gahr M; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, University of; Gottingen, West Germany.
We have measured the production of interleukin 1 (IL 1), interleukin 6 (IL 6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) by unstimulated monocytes and monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from the peripheral blood of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and healthy con
Mader R; Blake R; Gladman D; University of Toronto Rheumatic Disease Unit, Wellesley Hospital,; Ontario, Canada.
Among the different types of arthritis associated with meningococcal disease, isolated primary meningococcal arthritis is unusual. A case of isolated group C meningococcal septic arthritis in an HIV negative homosexual male is described and its possible implication discussed.
Kawai H; Kashiwagi S; Sano Y; Inui T; Saito S; First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine,; University of Tokushima.
We reported two cases of HTLV-I associated myelopathy with Hashimoto s thyroiditis. Case 1 is a 47-year-old female, who has had Hashimoto s thyroiditis since the age of 29. At the age of 38, she first noticed difficulty in walking which progressed gradually. At the time of examination, she showed a spastic gait, incre
Hasegawa O; Suzuki Y; Nagatomo H; Department of Neurology, Yokohama City University Hospital.
A 48-year-old housewife was hospitalized because of spastic paraparesis accompanied by dysesthesia and amyotrophy in her lower extremities, and by urinary disturbances. At the age of 35 years she noticed tingling sensations in her right foot and gradually her gait became spastic. In a few years lumbago and the spinal
Kondo R; Wakamatsu N; Ishikawa A; Yuasa T; Miyatake T; Department of Neurology, Niigata University.
A 26-year-old female developed mental deterioration, general convulsion, cataract and spastic gait in order since her entrance into elementary school. A diagnosis of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) was made because of hypercholestanolemia. At the time of admission, cataract, a mild thickening of Achilles tendons,
Slizofski WJ; Brown SJ; Dadparvar S; Glab LB; Department of Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Hahnemann; University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102-1192.
Twenty-one Ga-67 studies on 19 AIDS patients were analyzed to investigate the relationship between clinically acute gastrointestinal disease and abnormal scintigraphic bowel activity. Whole body images were obtained at times ranging from 4 to 192 hours, with most exams imaged at 48 and 72 hours. Abnormal bowel activit
Ajmani A; Habte-Gabr E; Zarr M; Jayabalan V; Dandala S; Department of Medicine, Hurley Medical Center/Michigan State; University, Flint 48503.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is frequently complicated by a variety of disease processes affecting the central nervous system (CNS). One of them is AIDS dementia complex (ADC), which, in the absence of opportunistic infection, is believed to be caused by HIV itself.
Shyu WC; Knupp CA; Pittman KA; Dunkle L; Barbhaiya RH; Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers; Squibb Company, Syracuse, NY 13221-4755.
The effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of didanosine was evaluated in an open two-way crossover study in eight male subjects who tested seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus. Each subject received a single 375 mg oral dose of didanosine in a chewable tablet form with or without food. Serial blood sampl
Smith GM; Forbes MA; Cooper J; Bradley T; Hambling MH; Cooper EH; McVerry BA; Department of Haematology, St. James's University Hospital,; Leeds.
In February 1986, 40 out of 75 adult patients with haemophilia A attending St. James s University Hospital were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody positive. Over a three-year period these patients were prospectively studied with regard to possible prognostic indicators for the development of the acquired immu
Smaldone GC; Vinciguerra C; Morra L; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook; 11794-8172.
To determine if urine pentamidine was reflective of lung pentamidine, we compared levels of the drug in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and simultaneously obtained urine. Thirty-one patients who were receiving aerosolized pentamidine either as treatment or as prophylaxis underwent BAL and submitted urine samples for pent
McClellan MD; Miller SB; Parsons PE; Cohn DL; Department of Medicine (Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases; Divisions), University of Colorado Health Sciences Center,; Denver.
A retrospective review of the charts of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was performed at three university-affiliated teaching hospitals in Denver between May 1982 and April 1987. Patients were evaluated for the presence or absence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and for the occurren
Speich R; Jenni R; Opravil M; Pfab M; Russi EW; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich,; Switzerland.
A prospective evaluation of 74 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with cardiopulmonary complaints revealed six patients (8.1 percent) with pulmonary hypertension with elevated right ventricular systolic over right atrial pressure of 58 +/- 8 mm Hg (range, 49 to 66 mm Hg), as documented by Doppler ech
Metersky ML; Catanzaro A; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of; California, San Diego Medical Center.
Recurrent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who receive prophylaxis with aerosolized pentamidine. In this setting, the number of organisms is reduced and the clinical presentation may be altered. These observations have led to doubts regarding the use of i
Shin MS; Veal CF; Jessup JG; Ho KJ; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of; Alabama, Birmingham.
Isolated apical Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia might develop in AIDS patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. Demonstrated here are two cases of apical P carinii pneumonia occurring in patients not receiving inhaled pentamidine prophylaxis. Such isolated apical localization of P carinii should be differ
Athey JL; Child and Adolescent Health Branch, Maternal and Child Health; Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville,; MD.
Homeless adolescents are at extremely high risk for acquiring HIV infection, as the literature reviewed in this paper documents. Sexual and drug use behaviors that put these adolescents at risk are described, and new models of service for these youths are outlined.
Chung Hua Min Kuo Wei Sheng Wu Chi Mien I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1991 Feb;24(1):84-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92036720
Yang YC; Hsu TY; Wang CH; Su IJ; Chen JY; Yang CS; Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National; Taiwan University, Republic of China.
The proviral DNA of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) was examined in 8 patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL/L) by Southern blot analysis. Judging from the number of bands containing viral DNA sequences in tumor cells, one and three copies of proviral genome were detected in 7 and 1 cases, respec
Strigle SM; Gal AA; Department of Anatomic Pathology/Cytology, Cedars-Sinai Medical; Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a neurotropic retrovirus capable of producing a wide spectrum of central nervous system changes. Nearly 40% of HIV-infected patients demonstrate neuropathy ranging from dementia to the opportunistic infections and neoplasia seen in the acqu
Hanisch KA; Kramer AF; Hulin CL; Department of Psychology, Iowa State University.
Users mental models of systems are frequently asserted to be important in their interactions with those systems. Although there are few explicit definitions of mental models in the literature, mental models are assumed to be important and researchers have seemed to accept and understand the concept intuitively. In ou
EMBO J. 1991 Dec;10(12):3795-803. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92037543
Beraud C; Lombard-Platet G; Michal Y; Jalinot P; UMR 49 CNRS-ENS, Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire et; Cellulaire, Lyon, France.
Transcription driven by the HTLV-I promoter is strongly activated by the viral transactivator protein Tax1. This effect is mediated via a 21 bp sequence which is imperfectly repeated three times in the viral promoter. We showed previously that a single 21 bp copy exhibits a strong Tax1-inducible enhancer activity and
Brown LS Jr; Singer F; Killian P; Division of Medical Services, Evaluation and Research, Addiction; Research and Treatment Corporation, Brooklyn, New York.
The endocrine and metabolic consequences of illicit drug use and HIV disease are extensive and profound. Both narcotic drug use and AIDS have the capacity to cause clinically significant multiglandular derangements. Admittedly, we were not able to focus as much attention on the less frequently occurring disturbances o
Constantine NT; Fathi Sheba M; Corwin AL; Danahy RS; Callahan JD; Watts DM; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt.
The prevalence of antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) was determined in high-risk groups and normal adults in Egypt . Among 647 individuals tested, 6 (0.9%) were confirmed positive by western blot analysis. These included 2 (0.7%) of 279 drug addicts, 1 (3.3
Eur Respir J. 1991 May;4(5):616-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92037983
Thomas SH; O'Doherty MJ; Page CJ; Nunan TO; Bateman NT; Division of Pharmacological Sciences and Toxicology, United; Medical and Dental School, London, UK.
Aerosolised pentamidine 300 mg in 5 or 6 ml solution was administered via 8 different nebuliser systems to 12 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Using 99mTc human serum albumin as an indirect marker for pentamidine, pulmonary, extrapulmonary (gastric and oropharyngeal) and alveolar deposition of pentami
FEBS Lett. 1991 Oct 7;291(1):139-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92037998
Lee-Huang S; Kung HF; Huang PL; Huang PL; Li BQ; Huang P; Huang HI; Chen HC; Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of; Medicine, NY 10016.
Three inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been isolated and purified to homogeneity from Euphorbiaceae himalaya seeds (Gelonium multiflorum) and carnation leaves (Dianthus caryophyllus). These proteins, GAP 31 (Gelonium Anti-HIV Protein 31 kDa) and DAPs 30 and 32 (dianthus anti-HIV proteins, 30 and 3
Valls C; Canas C; Turell LG; Pruna X; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hospital de Bellvitge,; Barcelona, Spain.
Abdominal ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) were performed in one patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and biopsy-proven hepatosplenic Kaposi s sarcoma. Small hyperechoic nodules were seen in the liver and spleen at US. CT revealed hepatosplenomegaly and low-attenuation focal lesions
Schafer A; Eck M; Bell U; Heckmann W; Schwartlander B; Universitatsfrauenklinik Klinikum Rudolf Virchow Berlin UFK.
In the course of obstetrical and gynecological care, 113 women with acute intravenous drug use (IVD) participated in a methadon detoxification. In addition to medical treatment, socio-paedagogical intervention was part of the approach. A total of 212 cycles of methadon detoxification have been administered since patie
Wu F; Garcia J; Sigman D; Gaynor R; University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas 75235.
The TAR element extending from -17 to +80 in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (HIV LTR) is required for activation of gene expression by the tat trans-activator protein. TAR RNA forms a stable stem-loop structure, and mutagenesis studies indicate that the stem structure, the primary sequence of th
Lohman KL; Carrillo MA; Kennedy RC; Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX 78228-0147.
We have sequenced the cDNAs encoding the variable (V) regions from the light and heavy chains of a monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (Ab), designated MC1, that, when used as an immunogen, activates regulatory idiotypes associated with anti-HIV-1 gp 160 responses. This anti-Id represents a non-antigen-mimicking subcla
Gene. 1991 Oct 15;106(2):255-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039085
Akagi T; Nyunoya H; Shimotohno K; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo, Japan.
Murine retroviral vectors which express the tax1 gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) have been constructed. A significant increase in virus titer was achieved by inserting a portion of the gag region of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Using these vectors, tax1 was stably introduced into primary human T-
Rossi E; Damasio E; Terragna A; Mazzarello G; Spriano M; Anselmo M; Divisione di Ematologia I, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy.
HIV-seropositive patients who belong to the three major acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk groups may develop an idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) which is related to the HIV infection. HIV-associated ITP clinically resembles classic ITP but, in spite of very low platelet numbers, bleeding is rarel
A case of autoptically verified progressive subcortical gliosis (PSG) is reported. The 79 year old woman developed subacutely a right sided hemisyndrome and a cerebellar syndrome. Generalized action myoclonus of the left leg evolved into left sided Epilepsia partialis continua and deme
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):1-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039566
Miller RJ
As part of a larger nation-wide study of attitudes of hospice personnel, we incorporated questions about patient autonomy and economic justice in which we asked the respondents to share their beliefs about AIDS patients compared to patients terminally ill with other diagnoses. The convenience sample of 826 hospice wor
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):109-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039568
Preston DB; Koch PB; Young EW
In this study we determined rural nurses educational preparation concerning AIDS, whether they thought their health care facilities and communities were prepared to care for persons with AIDS, their attitudes toward AIDS and homosexuality, and in what ways AIDS had or might affect their practice. A questionnaire, whi
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):127-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039569
Maull F
In January 1988, an inmate-staffed hospice volunteer program began operation at a federal correctional medical facility, with the goal of meeting the unique psychosocial, palliative, and spiritual needs of terminally ill prisoners, primarily men with AIDS and cancer. This paper discusses sociocultural and psychosocial
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):13-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039570
Sauri MA
As HIV testing expands through the population, primary care physicians will become more involved in the testing process. They will also be caring for increasingly larger numbers of HIV infected people from the asymptomatic through those with AIDS, through hospice care, should that become appropriate. This article summ
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):143-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039571
Worden JW
The determinants of the nature of an AIDS death and their likely effects on the survivors are identified. Specifically discussed with illustrative case examples are stigma, lack of social support, contagion, untimely death, protracted illness and disfigurement, and neurological complications. Strategies for interventi
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):151-69. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039572
Moga DN; Brodeur SE; Beckman P
AIDS presents health care providers with complex medical management issues as well as the need to confront their own fears and prejudices. Hospice programs provide specialized care to persons who are in the final stages of the disease. As the epidemic grows, they increasingly also must respond to HIV-infected staff. A
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):41-59. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039575
Tehan C
This article explores the organizational barriers that have limited the number of persons with AIDS cared for by hospice programs throughout the United States . The financial implications of caring for persons with AIDS are discussed and data from a survey of 15 hospice providers is pre
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):61-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039576
Baker NT; Seager RD
We compared the amount of psychosocial support required and received by patients with AIDS and without AIDS at Cedar Valley Hospice, Waterloo, Iowa. Hospice patients with AIDS (N = 11) required significantly more psychosocial support than non-AIDS patients (N = 36) of the same average age. The amount of non-hospice so
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):71-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039577
Atkins R; Amenta MO
In this study the McCubbin stress and coping model was used as a theoretical framework to compare the differences in family adaptation to AIDS and to other terminal illnesses. The non-probability convenience sample consisted of 26 families of AIDS patients and 26 of hospice patients with other terminal illnesses. The
We studied volunteers in one of the world s first AIDS-dedicated hospices and compared them on demographic, experiential, and personality related dimensions to volunteers in a traditional hospice. Eighty percent of the active volunteers at each facility participated. Eight of 16 demographic and 4 of 11 personality rel
In order to acquire the information nurses need to develop education and support programs for women at risk for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a qualitative needs assessment of women at risk was conducted. Interviews were conducted with 21 women who were at risk for AIDS through their own injection drug us
Almost 50 percent of all tattoos are being done on women, many of whom are counselors, nurses, doctors, lawyers and business managers. Career-oriented women (N = 137) who had tattoos for at least six months were surveyed in a national study. Consequences associated with the unconventional, permanent product--purchase
Just-Nubling G; Stille W; Zentrum fur Innere Medizin, Universitat Frankfurt/Main.
Fungal infections have gained importance recently. The major reason for this is the increasing number of patients with immunodeficiency. Systemic treatment of invasive fungal infections up to now has been based on relatively few antimycotic agents (amphotericin B, flucytosine, as well as the azole derivatives fluconaz
Moll H; Muller C; Gillitzer R; Fuchs H; Rollinghoff M; Simon MM; Kramer MD; Institut fur Klinische Mikrobiologie, Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
The expression of T-cell-associated serine proteinase 1 (MTSP-1) in vivo during Leishmania major infection was analyzed in genetically resistant C57BL/6 mice and in genetically susceptible BALB/c mice. Using a monoclonal antibody as well as an RNA probe specific for MTSP-1 to stain tissue sections, we found T cells ex
Bromberg K; Tannis G; Steiner P; Department of Medicine, SUNY Health Science Center, Brooklyn; 11203.
In humans, infection with Bordetella pertussis is considered to be localized to an epithelial surface. However, an intracellular state in cultured cells and in the macrophages of infected animals has been shown. By using indirect immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody, it was found that 3 of 20 bronchoalveolar
Kay AB; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Heart and; Lung Institute, London, UK.
Various cells are associated with inflammatory events characteristic of atopic allergy and asthma. As well as T cells and eosinophils, mast cells, basophils, mononuclear phagocytes and platelets have all to be considered particularly as their mediators have potential for contributing directly to the features of bronch
O'Neil CE; Reed MA; Lopez M; Hyslop N; Gutierrez E; Salvaggio J; Department of Medicine, Tulane Medical Center, New Orleans, La.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is frequently used in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients (HIV+) for treatment or prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Up to 80% of those patients report adverse reactions to that drug combination. To test the hypothesis that these reactions are
Kemeny DM; Diaz-Sanchez D; Department of Allergy and Allied Respiratory Disorders, UMDS,; Guys Hospital, London, UK.
The role of the cytokines interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma in the regulation of IgE responses in the mouse and man have focused on the role of CD4 T cells. In the rat, antigen-specific CD8 T cells, generated following inhalation of antigen, have been shown to be capable of suppressing IgE responses. Repeated intrape
Int J Cancer. 1991 Nov 11;49(5):673-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040367
Takahashi K; Takezaki T; Oki T; Kawakami K; Yashiki S; Fujiyoshi T; Usuku K; Mueller N; Osame M; Miyata K; et al; Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima; University, Japan.
In order to evaluate the protective role of the maternal antibody against mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-I, we followed a total of 780 children born to HTLV-I carrier mothers by investigating the level of anti-HTLV-I antibody transferred in utero, decline of the maternal antibody and seroconversion in post-natal
Int J Addict. 1991 Apr;26(4):441-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040445
Nemoto T; Foster K Sr; Brown LS Jr; Division of Evaluation and Medical Affairs, Addiction Research; and Treatment Corporation, Brooklyn, New York 11201.
The effect of psychological factors on drug and sexual behaviors in relation to HIV infection was investigated among 262 IVDUs in methadone clinics in New York City. Among female IVDUs, the HIV positive subjects reported larger numbers of sex partners than those subjects who were HIV negative, and those who had larger
Int J Addict. 1991 Apr;26(4):457-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040446
Williams ML; Affiliated Systems Corporation, Houston, Texas.
The spread of the human immunodeficiency virus through the IV-drug-using population poses a serious public health threat. The tendency is to consider one IV drug user much the same as another. However, there are likely subtle differences in the behaviors of IV drug users depending on sexual, ethnic, and age difference
Int J Addict. 1991 May;26(5):577-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040454
Passannante MR; Wells DV; Quinones MA; Jackson JF; Rotkiewicz LG; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health,; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey--New Jersey; Medical School, Newark 07103-2757.
This paper presents the results of an AIDS educational intervention for intravenous drug users (IVDUs) who participated in the New Jersey State Department of Health s Coupon program. An examination of the data showed that those with high pre-intervention test scores were more likely to have been White and to have been
Int J Group Psychother. 1991 Oct;41(4):481-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040461
Tunnell G; New York University Medical Center.
AIDS has a unique set of characteristics that makes group psychotherapy more complex than with other populations: (1) the threat of an early death, (2) a highly variable course of illness, and (3) stigma related to the illness and to the preexisting lifestyles of most patients. The specific ways in which the three fac
Int J Dermatol. 1991 Aug;30(8):531-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040497
Nance KV; Smith ML; Joshi VV; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, East Carolina; University School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina.
Cutaneous disorders are among the most common manifestations of HIV infection in both children and adults. Because of the obvious visibility of the integument, these lesions are often the presenting manifestation of HIV-related disease. The cutaneous afflictions are frequently related to the sequelae of impaired immun
Int J Dermatol. 1991 Sep;30(9):605-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040521
Jimbow K; Jewell LD; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta School of Medicine,; Edmonton, Canada.
There are rapidly increasing opportunities for dermatologists to see patients suffering from retrovirus infections. The HTLV-I was the first class of human oncogenic retrovirus that was found in cultured cells of a patient with skin manifestations similar or identical to those of CTCL (MF). It was soon recognized as t
Int J Neurosci. 1991 May;58(1-2):113-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040635
Jankovic BD; Horvat J; Djordjijevic D; Ramah A; Fridman V; Spahic O; Immunology Research Center, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
We report here on brain associated autoimmune features in opiate-dependent subjects. This study includes 107 (37 HIV + and 70 HIV -) hospitalized heroin-addicted subjects on a methadone maintenance program, and 45 healthy individuals. Human brain S100 protein, neuron specific enolase (NSE), myelin basic protein (MBF),
Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 1991;7(3):263-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040662
Rosenbrock RD; Berlin Science Center for Social Research (WZB).
Screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies as a means of preventing both the progress and spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is problematic in terms of efficacy, effectiveness, and ethics. The few desired effects are mostly offset by greater and more certain undesirable effects on ind
Head Neck. 1991 Sep-Oct;13(5):411-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040870
Casiano RR; Cooper JD; Gould E; Ruiz P; Uttamchandani R; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami School of; Medicine, FL 33101.
Fourteen human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with parotid enlargement were reviewed retrospectively in order to elucidate the natural history of this clinical entity. The efficacy of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in predicting benign nonsurgical disease was evaluated. The most common findings on FNA we
Gastric adenocarcinoma developed in a 33-year-old homosexual man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This type of cancer is very rare in a man of his young age and in the absence of other factors. The tumor was aggressive and led to rapid death. Whereas Kaposi s sarcoma and lymphomas have been associate
Geara F; Le Bourgeois JP; Piedbois P; Pavlovitch JM; Mazeron JJ; Department de Cancerologie, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil,; France.
Between June 1986 and December 1988, we treated 149 patients who had AIDS-related epidemic Kaposi s sarcoma with cutaneous irradiation. According to Mitsayasu s staging, 34 patients (23%) had Stage I disease, 82 (55%) Stage II, 0 Stage III, and 33 (22%) Stage IV. Fifty-eight patients (39%) had previously presented wit
Shaunak S; Cohen J; Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School,; Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
The frequency of disseminated fungal infection in patients with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has provided a major impetus for the reevaluation of standard antifungal protocols as well as accelerating the development and clinical testing of new agents. As a result, useful clinical guidelines regarding
Powles RL; Milliken S; Leukaemia Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
With the increase in use of immunosuppressive therapies, solid organ and bone marrow transplantation and the recognition of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) an increased incidence and awareness of fungal infection has occurred in almost all disciplines of medicine. The problem of being unable to identify
Jacobs P; Department of Haematology, University of Cape Town Medical; School, South Africa.
Africa, the dark continent and the source of such wonderful tales as King Solomon s Mines and Jock of the Bushveld, has an equally enthralling story to tell about malignant disease in general and the lymphomas in particular as they occur among its varied people. It is uncertain how far back in history contact existed
Brown LK; Etemad J; Brenman AJ; Dwight SA; Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence 02903.
During the spring and summer of 1989, all members of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in nine states were sent questionnaires to determine the extent of child and adolescent psychiatrists human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related knowledge, experience, comfort in working with HIV patients, and
Ponton LE; DiClemente RJ; McKenna S; University of California, San Francisco 94143.
This paper describes the development of a human immunodeficiency virus Prevention Program for a University-based adolescent psychiatric unit. The intervention spans 8 days with components in school, activity therapies, and a specific group that teaches sexual education. Important aspects that have contributed to the s
DiClemente RJ; Ponton LE; Hartley D; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco 94105.
The prevalence of cutting behavior among a population of 76 psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents was found to be 61.2%. The frequency ranged from a single occasion to over 50 instances, with a mean of 9.9 occasions. Increased self-mutilation was not found to be associated with gender, age, ethnicity, or primary ps
Wagner KD; Sullivan MA; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Texas; Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.
Fear of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders in adults and in some adolescents. A case is reported of a child with an unrealistic fear of AIDS who developed an obsessive-compulsive disorder. This case illustrates the importance of providing adequate AID
Ijichi S; Mishima M; Matsuda T; Izumihara T; Kojima K; Niimura T; Maruyama I; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
To investigate whether the proportion of activated T lymphocytes changes in an extracorporeal blood flow, we compared paired samples collected at the inlet and outlet lines of an artificial circuit for plasma separation, using a dual-immunofluorescence flow cytometric technique. In our series of materials from patient
Balzarini J; Lee CK; Herdewijn P; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
Ribavirin enhances the anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (ddIno) in MT-4, CEM and peripheral blood lymphocyte cells. Ribavirin causes an increase in the levels of IMP, the presumed phosphate donor for the conversion of ddIno to ddIMP by 5 -nucleotidase. Consequently, ribavirin stimulat
Hand Clin. 1991 Aug;7(3):433-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92042326
Seltzer DG; McAuliffe J; Campbell DR; Burkhalter WE; University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Medical Center, Florida.
Hand surgeons and therapists were faced with a new clinical entity in the 1980s with the emergence of hand and upper extremity infections in patients with AIDS and HIV disease. This entity has become a worldwide epidemic of vast proportions and has proven to be one of the major health concerns of the 1990s. It seems l
Holmes KK; Center for AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, University of; Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
Globally, heterosexual transmissions are outdistancing all other categories and may account for 80% of HIV infections by the end of the decade. With rapid spread of the epidemic in southern and southeastern Asia, WHO projects that the total number of HIV-infected adults will reach 30 million by the year 2000, with an
Beeley JA; Oral Biochemistry Unit (Oral Biology Group), University of; Glasgow Dental School, UK.
Human salivary proteins have been studied by electrophoresis in denaturing and non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) as well as by isoelectric focusing (IEF) and two-dimensional procedures, and the clinical applications of this have been reviewed. Whilst non-denaturing PAGE is useful in studying pol
Lee YS; Collie MJ; Leung LK; Seidlin M; Beatrice ST; Division of Retrovirology and Immunobiology, New York City Dept.; of Health, New York 10016.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for detection of the HIV-1 genome from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of high risk patients. The gag regions of HIV-1 (SK38-SK39) were chosen to amplify viral DNA and the amplified products were spotted onto membrane filters and hybridized with a 32P-labeled SK19 probe. N
Polish LB; Douglas JM Jr; Davidson AJ; Perez-Perez GI; Blaser MJ; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of; Medicine, Denver 80262.
The mechanism of transmission of Helicobacter pylori is unknown. To investigate the role of sexual behavior and demographic factors in the acquisition of H. pylori infection, we evaluated the seroprevalence of antibody to H. pylori in 370 men attending an urban sexually transmitted diseases clinic. Sera from the follo
Lohman BL; Higgins J; Marthas ML; Marx PA; Pedersen NC; California Regional Primate Research Center, School of Veterinary; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Assays that use rhesus macaque whole blood and an antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) p27 core protein were developed for the isolation of SIV from the blood of infected animals, the titration of infectivity of SIV inocula, and the quantitation of virus neutral
Until now, serologic tests that distinguish the closely related human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I (HTLV-I) and II (HTLV-II) infections have not been available. Synthetic peptide assays, employing peptides derived from the core and envelope proteins of HTLV-I and HTLV-II (SynthEIA and Select-HTLV tests), were eva
Forghani B; Hurst JW; Chan CS; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California State; Department of Health Services, Berkeley 94704.
A HeLa T4+ cell line persistently infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was used in an indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA) system to explore its potential suitability as an alternative source of viral antigen for confirmatory IFA in HIV serology. In a study of 121 serum samples chosen b
Behets F; Disasi A; Ryder RW; Bishagara K; Piot P; Kashamuka M; Kamenga M; Nzila N; Laga M; Vercauteren G; et al; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
Detection by five different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in sera from three Zairian populations consisting of 1,998 individuals with various risks for HIV infection was evaluated. Sera that were reactive by at least one assay and 10% of the nonreactive s
Gallo D; Penning LM; Hanson CV; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, State of California; Department of Health Services, Berkeley 94704.
We compared the sensitivities of the prototype human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)- and HTLV-II-transformed cell lines, MT2 and Mo-T, with that of an HTLV-II-infected cell line, clone 19, established in our laboratory, in the immunofluorescence (IF) test for detection of antibody to HTLV-I and HTLV-II. In
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major etiologic agent associated with non-A, non-B hepatitis. This study was designed to assess virologic and serologic markers in hemophiliacs exposed to non-heat-treated and/or virus-inactivated plasma derivatives. Serial bleeds from 48 hemophilic patients were analyzed for the presenc
van der Steen P; van de Kerkhof P; der Kinderen D; van Vlijmen I; Happle R; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Nijmegen, The; Netherlands.
A 30-year-old man with bilateral plantar warts of the mosaic type which had been resistant to standard treatment modalities was treated with diphenylcyclopropenone. After 10 weeks, the treated warts had disappeared; the untreated warts, although showing some involution, still persisted. The untreated warts, serving as
Cline RJ; Engel JL; Department of Communication Processes, University of Florida,; Gainesville.
Public communication campaigns and social marketing literature identify principles for developing effective AIDS education and prevention efforts. Planners need to know the audience, identify salient audience segments, and understand the characteristics of information sources that the particular audience finds believa
Results of a random survey of university faculty and students regarding their knowledge, behavior, and attitudes concerning AIDS are reported. The majority of faculty and students held enlightened views of AIDS. Faculty, however, tended to be better informed than students in a number of areas. These findings are consi
Shulkin JJ; Mayer JA; Wessel LG; de Moor C; Elder JP; Franzini LR; CA College Health 2000, San Diego State University.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has become a major health threat to university students. This study evaluated a peer-led AIDS intervention program with university students (1) increase knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and infection; (2) change attitudes to reflect scientific info
Radius SM; Joffe A; Gall MJ; Health Science Department, Towson State University, Maryland.
Although they provide birth control and are easier to use, oral contraceptives (OCPs) are not the preferred approach to preventing sexually transmitted disease (STD). Do the knowledge, attitudes, and experiences of oral contraceptive users place them at greater risk for STDs than those who employ barrier methods? This
Goertzel TG; Bluebond-Langner M; Department of Sociology and Public Policy, Rutgers University,; Camden, NJ.
To meet a graduation requirement at a state university, 225 students took a 1-semester interdisciplinary course on AIDS. In addition to lectures, readings, and recitation sections, all the students participated in three small-group discussions of their feelings on AIDS-related issues. Students in other courses at the
De Simone C; Tzantzoglou S; Santini G; Vullo V; di Orio F; Leuter C; Jirillo E; Delia S; Insegnamento di Malattie Infettive, Universita, L'Aquila.
30 patients with HIV infection were enrolled to evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicity of zidovudine ( AZT ), 0.5 g/day p.o. (Group A) vs. AZT 0.5 g/day p.o. plus intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), 0.4 g/kg of body weight for three consecutive day
1. AIDS affects all segments of the population, including the elderly. Elders at risk are recipients of blood products prior to 1985 and their spouses; and persons having unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse outside of a mutually monogamous relationship. 2. Because of stereotyping and lack of awareness, health-care
Rai A; Kumari S; Prabhakaran PK; Microbiology Division, National Institute of Communicable; Diseases, Delhi.
Choice of an ideal, cost-effective and rapid diagnostic test for HIV infection is of immense value in developing countries like India where resources are limited. A number of commercial HIV antibody testing kits are now available with varying sensitivities and specificities. Six dif
Kaissar G; Edwards M; Smith R; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
A retrospective review of the neuroimaging procedures of 84 patients with the diagnosis of AIDS was performed. Both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures were evaluated for the presence of atrophy, enhancing lesions and focal non-enhancing lesions. The imaging findings in several inf
J Immunol. 1991 Nov 15;147(10):3553-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92043728
Mace K; Seif I; Anjard C; De Maeyer-Guignard J; Dodon MD; Gazzolo L; De Maeyer E; UMR 30 CNRS-UCBL, Faculte de Medecine Alexis Carrel, Lyon,; France.
Cells of the monocyte lineage act as a major reservoir for HIV, and ways of enhancing the resistance of mononuclear phagocytes to HIV replication would be useful for delaying the onset of AIDS in infected individuals. Seif et al. (J. Virol. 65:664, 1991) have recently shown the possibility of obtaining stable antivira
J Immunol. 1991 Nov 15;147(10):3646-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92043741
Tanaka Y; Isobe A; Masuda M; Tozawa H; Koyanagi Y; Yamamoto N; Shida H; Department of Immunology, School of Hygienic Sciences, Kitasato; University, Kanagawa, Japan.
We showed previously that WKA (rat MHC, RT-1k) and DA (RT-1a) rat CTL specific for human T cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-I) recognized the gag and pX gene-encoded Ag. In the present study, we explored HTLV-I Ag recognized by CTL from other MHC genotype (RT-1l) rats, LEW and F344, and examined whether HTLV-I Ag expr
J Indian Med Assoc. 1991 Jul;89(7):190-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92043826
Adhikari D; De M; Paladhi PK; Chandra S; Bhattacharya DK; Society for Research on Haematology and Blood Transfusion,; Calcutta.
Blood bank staff, 8 out of 25 (32%) have been exposed to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the prevalence of HBV markers in blood bank employees handling high risk subjects show hepatitis B surface antigen (n = 1), hepatitis B surface antibody (n = 7), hepatitis B core antibody (n = 6) and combined hepatitis B surface antib
Brown ST; Edwards FF; Bernard EM; Niki Y; Armstrong D; Infectious Disease Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer; Center, New York, New York 10021.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats, immunosuppressed with cyclosporine (CsA), developed disseminated infection after intravenous or oral challenge with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). Disseminated infection leading to bacillemia could be established after intravenous inoculation with as few as 5 x 10(3) organisms. When CsA w
Pan LZ; Sheppard HW; Winkelstein W; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143.
Some studies have suggested that seronegative homosexual men who have practiced high-risk sexual behavior can carry the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a silent state, detectable only by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or selective viral culture. To assess this concept, blood specimens were studied from 59 homos
Yerly S; Chamot E; Deglon JJ; Hirschel B; Perrin LH; Division of Infectious Disease, Geneva University Hospital,; Switzerland.
It has been reported that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection may exist in persons without specific antibodies for years. To measure the frequency of a silent carrier state, a study was conducted in a cohort of 124 intravenous drug users (IVDUs) without anti-HIV-1 antibodies. All the participants had
Gallicchio VS; Hughes NK; Hulette BC; Noblitt L; Department of Medicine, Lucille P. Markey Cancer Center,; University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536-0084.
The drug 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ), a synthetic thymidine analogue, has been used clinically in the management of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The drug is an effective antiviral agent due to its ability to block reverse transcrip
Brenner BG; Gryllis C; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B.; Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
This overview summarizes current knowledge on the overall efficacy and potential contribution of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and lymphokine-activated killer cell (LAK) activities in evoking non-major histocompatibility complex (non-MHC) cytolytic responses to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-
J Math Biol. 1991;29(8):779-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92044154
Lin XD; Department of Mathematics, University of Alberta, Edmonton,; Canada.
In this paper, we examine an HIV/AIDS transmission model which has been widely used for studying the spread of HIV/AIDS through sexual contact. Some sufficient conditions are obtained for the uniqueness of endemic equilibrium. We also present a two-group model whose no-disease equilibrium is unstable but it has at lea
Gulwani-Akolkar B; Posnett DN; Janson CH; Grunewald J; Wigzell H; Akolkar P; Gregersen PK; Silver J; Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital,; Manhasset, New York.
We compared T cell receptor (TCR) V-segment frequencies in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) identical siblings to sibling pairs who differ at one or both HLA haplotypes using four V beta-specific and one V alpha-specific monoclonal antibody. In every one of nine families HLA-identical sibs had the most similar patterns o
Konopka K; Stamatatos L; Larsen CE; Davis BR; Duzgunes N; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0128.
We have reported previously the enhancement of the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by liposomes composed of the cationic lipid N-[2,3-(dioleyloxy) propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride (DOTMA). To determine the mechanism by which this process occurs, we have investigated the role of CD4,
Ankel H; Turriziani O; Antonelli G; Institute of Virology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
An antiviral effect of prostaglandins (PGs) of the A series on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been determined. In the T cell line C8166 under single growth cycle conditions, PGA1 reduced the number of infectious progeny 1000-fold in the absence of cytotoxicity. Thus, inhibition of HIV replic
J Med Virol. 1991 Sep;35(1):14-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92044480
Pezzella M; Rosci MA; Miceli M; Vonesch N; Sturchio E; Mirolo M; Mannella E; Institute of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I,; University of Rome, La Sapienza, Italy.
Twenty regular sexual partners of HIV-1 infected subjects, without detectable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) antibody and positive for HIV-1 genome by in situ hybridization (ISH), were selected and studied longitudinally for 6-36 months to estimate the duration of silent infection. During the follow-up period, 1
J Med Virol. 1991 Sep;35(1):22-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92044482
van Doornum GJ; Hooykaas C; Cuypers MT; van der Linden MM; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
A study among heterosexual men and women with multiple sexual partners was carried out to assess the seroprevalence of antibody against hepatitis C virus (HCV). The 468 participants were recruited among visitors to the Clinic for Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Amsterdam. Sera were tested by an enzyme-linked immunoso
J Med Virol. 1991 Sep;35(1):38-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92044485
Semple M; Loveday C; Weller I; Tedder R; Department of Medical Microbiology, University College and; Middlesex School of Medicine, London, England.
Cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) was precipitated from archival serum with polyethylene glycol (PEG), and HIV-1 RNA was detected and quantified by reverse transcription and amplification in a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The assay of end-point dilutions cDNA in nested PCRs allowed an es
J Med Virol. 1991 Sep;35(1):65-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92044490
O'Shea S; Rostron T; Hamblin AS; Palmer SJ; Banatvala JE; Department of Virology, United Medical School, Guys Hospital,; London, England.
A quantitative assay has been used to measure titres of infectious HIV in peripheral blood of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Viral titres were assessed in conjunction with virological and immunological status of patients including measurement of p24 antigen, antibody responses to structural (gp41, p24) and reg
Rudge P; Ali A; Cruickshank JK; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
Forty four consecutive patients of Afro-Caribbean origin resident in the United Kingdom (UK) were studied, based on a provisional diagnosis of myelopathy of unknown cause, tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) or multiple sclerosis (MS). Of 30 patients with progressive paraparesis 27 had
Weller M; Stevens A; Sommer N; Melms A; Dichgans J; Wietholter H; Department of Neurology, University of Tubingen, Germany.
Interleukins (IL) 1, 2, 4, 6 and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured in CSF and serum from patients with relapsing-remitting and chronic multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, chr
Kaiser R; Dorries R; Ruf B; Pohle HD; Martin R; ter Meulen V; Institut fur Virologie und Immunbiologie,; Maximilians-Universitat, Wurzburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from 16 HIV-seropositive subjects were examined by ELISA and isoelectric focusing for the presence of HIV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass antibodies. Autochthonous synthesis of IgG in the CSF was demonstrated in 11 patients. Intrathecally synthesized antibodies spec
J N Y State Nurses Assoc. 1991 Jun;22(2):18-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045021
LaPlatney R
AIDS has only recently been recognized as a disease of women. The impact of this epidemic among the female population goes far beyond studies of contagion and prognosis. The ANA s response to the AIDS epidemic, Personal Heroism, Professional Activism: Nursing and the Battle Against AIDS (Bennett, Champlain, Grimaldi,
Beck-Sague CM; Jarvis WR; Fruehling JA; Ott CE; Higgins MT; Bates FL; Hospital Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control, Public; Health Service, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Embalming, the most common funeral practice in the United States , may expose the embalmer to infectious diseases and blood. We surveyed the 860 members of the National Selected Morticians in 1988 to estimate the incidence of self-reported occupational contact with blood and infectious
Peter JB; McKeown KL; Barka NE; Tourtellotte WW; Singer EJ; Syndulko K; Specialty Laboratories, Inc., Santa Monica, CA 90404-3900.
In HIV-seropositive patients, we evaluated the clinical utility of measuring combinations of serum and CSF levels of neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-M) (by RIA), as well as the intra-blood-brain-barrier (IBBB) IgG synthesis rate, IgG index, and HIV antibody index (by rate nephelometry, EIA, and formulae) fo
Hall MF; Smalley DL; Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Baptist Regional; Laboratories, Memphis, Tennessee 38105.
With the isolation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), numerous assays have been developed to detect antibodies to the retrovirus. The manufacturers recommend that all sera exhibiting a positive enzyme immunoassay be confirmed by the more specific Western blot test (WBT). Recently, a new WBT strip was released
Grund JP; Kaplan CD; Adriaans NF; Blanken P; EUR Addiction Research Institute (IVO), Medical and Health; Sciences Faculty, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Injecting drug users may now be the largest group at risk for contracting HIV, mainly through the sharing of drug injection equipment (including lending, borrowing, and renting). This article presents the results of an ongoing ethnographic study into the drug-taking rituals of heroin addicts. A possible additional rou
Carlson RG; Siegal HA; School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435.
The use of crack cocaine and its associations with high-risk sexual behavior in view of the AIDS epidemic is reported commonly for major East and West Coast urban centers. This article describes and analyzes ethnographic data on crack use in Dayton, Ohio, a small midwestern city of less than 200,000 people. The result
Ingulli E; Tejani A; Fikrig S; Nicastri A; Chen CK; Pomrantz A; Renal Division, Children's Medical Center of Brooklyn, NY.
We report here the cases of 15 children in whom nephrotic syndrome developed, from among 164 children (55% male, 90% black) followed in our acquired immunodeficiency syndrome clinic from 1984 through 1990. Mean age at onset of nephrotic syndrome was 4.9 +/- 2.6 years. Fourteen patients were black and one was Hispanic.
Shafer MA; Boyer CB; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; 94143.
The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of multiple psychosocial and knowledge-related antecedent factors that may predict sexual and alcohol and drug use behaviors that are associated with the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus infection. Five
Garris I; Rodriguez EM; De Moya EA; Guerrero E; Pena C; Puello E; Gomez E; Monterroso ER; Weissenbacher M; Vermund SH; Programa Control Enfermedades de Transmission Sexual y SIDA,; Secretaria de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social, Dominican; Republic.
AIDS surveillance data from the Dominican Republic are described for 1983-89. A positive serologic test for HIV was required, and standard clinical criteria were used for defining AIDS. There were 1,202 AIDS cases (820 men, 372 wome
Karon JM; Berkelman RL; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health; Service, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
We examined geographic and racial/ethnic variation in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) incidence in homosexual and bisexual men (i.e., men who report sex with men: MSWM) not using i.v. drugs in the United States . The AIDS incidence in these men has continued to increase in th
Viscidi RP; Hill PM; Li SJ; Cerny EH; Vlahov D; Farzadegan H; Halsey N; Kelen GD; Quinn TC; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,; Maryland.
Synthetic peptides from the major envelope protein of HTLV-I (ENV-I, amino acid 177-213) and HTLV-II (ENV-II, amino acid 173-209) and a conserved region of the transmembrane protein (TM, amino acid 378-402) were used as antigens in microtiter plate enzyme immunoassays (EIA) to detect and discriminate antibodies to HTL
Ammar A; Bertoli AM; Sahraoui Y; Perraki M; Tsilivakos V; Meyer P; Rozenbaum W; Jasmin C; Georgoulias V; Unite d'Oncogenese Appliquee, INSERM U268, Hopital Paul; Brousse, Villejuif, France.
Studying the mechanisms of the impaired T-cell colony growth from HIV-infected subjects, we have demonstrated that depletion of adherent cells from some patients peripheral blood mononuclear cells enhanced the plating efficiency of T colony-forming cells. We report here that media conditioned by patients cells but n
Baum MK; Javier JJ; Mantero-Atienza E; Beach RS; Fletcher MA; Sauberlich HE; Feaster D; Shor-Posner G; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami; School of Medicine, Florida 33101.
Chemotherapeutic regimens frequently interact with and may influence nutritional factors. To determine the possible effects of zidovudine (ZDV) treatment on nutrient status, this study examined and compared the nutritional, immunological, and hematological status of asymptomatic, CDC stage III, HIV-1-seropositive male
McCutchan FE; Sanders-Buell E; Oster CW; Redfield RR; Hira SK; Perine PL; Ungar BL; Burke DS; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military; Medicine Research Laboratory, Rockville, Maryland 20850.
Amplification of DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is influenced by the homology of oligonucleotide primers with the DNA template. We have developed a procedure, termed anchored PCR, whereby nucleotide sequence alterations in the template can be directly related to the quantity of amplified product. Genetic varia
Philip R; Debs R; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0128.
We have examined the ability of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) isolated from AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) patients or normal donors to kill (a) autologous KS tumor cells from skin biopsies of AIDS patients, (b) a tumorigenic cell line derived from a histologically verified AIDS-KS skin tumor, and (c) the WEHI
Lien EJ; Gao H; Prabhakar H; Division of Biomedicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy,; University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an immunosuppressive disease characterized by an immune impairment and a high susceptibility to unusual forms of certain neoplasms. Since the brain is an important site of the infection, it is necessary to explore new classes of drugs that have the ability to penetrate acro
Starec M; Rouveix B; Sinet M; Chau F; Desforges B; Pocidalo JJ; Lechat P; Departement de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hopital Claude Bernard,; Paris, France.
In as much as the immunomodulatory effects of opiates and cocaine are known to modify spontaneous host defenses against infection, we investigated the effects of morphine, pentazocine and cocaine on the time course of Friend virus infection in mice. Repeated i.p. injections with increasing doses of morphine hydrochlor
Deodhar L; Joshi S; Department of Microbiology, L.T.M. Medical College, Sion, Bombay,; Maharashtra.
Sixty five breast milk samples were subjected to bacteriological studies; each sample thrice (in fresh state, after heating at 1000C and freezing for 5 days at -20 degrees C). In fresh State, Staphylococci and diphtheroids were predominant organisms. After heating, none of the samples showed any micro-organisms while
Vipond MN; Ralph DJ; Stotter AT; Academic Surgical Unit, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
We have reviewed the indications for and outcome of surgery in 147 patients who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 100 of whom have developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There were 256 operations; the commonest indications were anorectal conditions (34%), central venous access (21
Greatbatch W; Holmes W; School of Engineering, University at Buffalo, NY 14260.
We have examined data for 3518 cases of transfusion-acquired AIDS (TA-AIDS) onsets as reported to the USA Centers for Disease Control (CDC) through 30 June 1990. We discarded 1077 of these records because of missing or uncertain date of infection. We present here infection and onset data on the remaining 2441 cases in
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):144-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045986
Beltz L; Narayan O; Adams RJ; Noga SJ; Donnenberg AD; Oncology Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University,; Baltimore, MD.
Rhesus progenitor-enriched BM was exposed overnight to SIV and cultured in a limiting dilution assay where the potential for progenitor interaction with lymphocytes or macrophages was low. Virus was consistently isolated late in culture, detection being aided by coculture with CEM174 lymphoblasts. Although infected ce
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):152-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045987
Conway MD; Davison-Fairburn B; Martin LN; Insler MS; Murphey-Corb M; LSU Eye Center, New Orleans, LA.
We tested the ability of SIV to cause local and systemic infection in three rhesus monkeys after topical instillation of cell-free virus into the conjunctival cul-de-sac. Conjunctivitis or other signs of infection were monitored after inoculation. Conjunctiva were swabbed for virus culture and biopsied for PCR. Change
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):156-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045988
Hillyer CD; Brodie AR; Ansari AA; Anderson DC; McClure HM; Emory University Hospital Blood Bank, Department of Pathology and; Laboratory Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.
One of 15 rhesus macaques infected with SIVsmm9 developed profound hemolysis with spherocytosis, reticulocytosis, and IgG and complement at the red blood cell surface. A female offspring born to this animal developed similar findings. Furthermore, cold agglutinins were noted in samples from both animals. Four of the 1
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):159-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045989
Hurtrel B; Chakrabarti L; Hurtrel M; Maire MA; Dormont D; Montagnier L; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
SIV encephalopathy was studied in rhesus macaques early after intracerebral (IC) or intravenous (IV) inoculation. Although SIV was detected in the brain of all IC-inoculated animals, the CNS showed moderate neuropathological changes. IV-inoculated animals presented a spectrum of brain changes ranging from perivascular
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):172-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045991
Le Grand R; Vogt G; Chapel A; Dormont D; Departement de Toxicologie Experimentale, Centre de Recherches; du Service de Sante des Armees, Fontenay aux Roses, France.
Neutralizing and enhancing activities in sera were detected by using an in vitro infection assay of HUT78 cells. Ten animals were vaccinated with HIV-2ROD recombinant vaccinia viruses and respective purified proteins. Only sera from monkeys vaccinated with env elicited neutralizing antibodies. No antibody-dependent en
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):182-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045993
McClure HM; Anderson DC; Fultz PN; Ansari AA; Jehuda-Cohen T; Villinger F; Klumpp SA; Switzer W; Lockwood E; Brodie A; et al; Yerkes Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; 30322.
Fifteen SIV-infected rhesus monkeys delivered 13 livebirths and two stillbirths; one livebirth died at three days of age. While all infants were culture-negative for SIV at birth, nine had maternal antibodies that disappeared by six months of age. Three infants subsequently seroconverted and became virus positive at 9
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):188-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045994
Novembre FJ; Hirsch VM; McClure HM; Johnson PR; Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University, Rockville, MD.
The molecular diversity of SIVsmm/PBj proviral genomes in tissues of an infected macaque was analyzed. Molecular clones derived directly from intestinal tissue DNA were heterogenous, and contained LTRs with one or two NF-kB binding sites. LTRs with one NF-kB site predominated (approximately 75%). Virions derived from
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):211-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045998
Sharer LR; Michaels J; Murphey-Corb M; Hu FS; Kuebler DJ; Martin LN; Baskin GB; New Jersey Medical School, Newark.
A serial study of early SIV brain infection revealed initial involvement of leptomeninges, followed by perivascular infection of brain parenchyma. Severity of SIV encephalitis correlated with severity of systemic disease rather than with length of infection. Diffuse white matter disease was not observed, and there was
Stewart DL; DeForge BR; Hartmann P; Kaminski M; Pecukonis E; Department of Family Medicine, University of Maryland School of; Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
As part of an effort to better educate patients about using condoms, a survey was done to assess the sexual practices, attitudes toward acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and condom use by patients who visit an urban family practice center. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 126 patients of whom the
Hargrave R; Fullilove M; Fullilove RE; Department of Psychiatry, Highland General Hospital, Oakland,; California.
This study examines the impact of race and psychiatric symptomatology on the treatment of black patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The study consisted of two parts: 1) focused group discussions with AIDS health professionals, and 2) a retrospective chart review of 44 hospitalized AIDS patients. T
Batra P; University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine.
Following human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, there is an ordered progression of immunologic abnormalities that results from the selective infection of the T4 helper/inducer subset of T lymphocytes. The loss of helper T-cell function disrupts both the cellular and humoral aspects of the immune response. The
Gerberding JL; University of California, San Francisco.
Health care workers may be occupationally exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The risk of infection is highest with accidental needlestick and similar percutaneous exposures. Emphasis should be placed on avoiding this type of accident. Strategies to prevent accidents and to manage exposures once they have o
Goodman PC; Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the most common index diagnosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Eighty percent of AIDS patients will eventually develop PCP. Common presenting symptoms are shortness of breath, cough, weight loss, and fever. The chest radiograph typically reveals a di
Goodman PC; Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
An increase in tuberculosis cases in the United States has been partially linked to the large number of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Symptoms are indistinguishable from those of other opportunistic infections and include cough, low-grade fever, and weight loss. In
Stansell JD; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
The AIDS epidemic has profoundly influenced the expression of deep-seated fungal disease in this country over the past 10 years. Previously an uncommon etiology of life threatening disease, deep-seated fungal infections with Cryptococcus neoformans, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Coccidioides immitis accounted for nearly
Daley CL; University of California, San Francisco.
Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are more susceptible to bacterial infections because of defects in both cellular and humoral immunity. The most common causes of community-acquired pyogenic bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected patients are Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae
Goodman PC; Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
An aggressive form of Kaposi s sarcoma has been reported in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Although pulmonary symptoms may constitute the initial complaint, Kaposi s sarcoma is generally detected because of cutaneous lesions. The chest radiograph reveals a distinctive, poorly marginated, nodular pat
Goodman PC; Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
AIDS-related lymphomas (ARLs) are almost always of a non-Hodgkin s type. Typically, intraabdominal or subcutaneous lymph node groups are affected. Unusual presentations are not uncommon, however. Intrathoracic involvement occurs in 10% to 30% of AIDS patients. ARLs are extremely aggressive and generally present at adv
Conces DJ Jr; Tarver RD; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
Infectious and malignant disease processes are responsible for most pulmonary abnormalities seen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). There are, however, a number of noninfectious and nonmalignant disorders that can involve the lungs of these individuals. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis and
Volberding P; University of California, San Francisco.
The outcome of treatment in patients with early asymptomatic HIV disease has recently improved. Clinical trials with zidovudine have demonstrated efficacy and greatly reduced toxicity when the drug is used in asymptomatic HIV-infected persons who have fewer than 500 CD4+ cells/mm3, and resistance to this drug in these
Goodman PC; Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
Children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may present with recurrent pneumonias or chronic debilitating illness. The chest radiographs of these patients demonstrate homogeneous densities representing staphylococcal or other pyogenic infections. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia produces a diffuse, symmetric
Bour S; Boulerice F; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec,; Canada.
Our results demonstrate that the formation of intracellular complexes between the envelope glycoprotein precursor gp160 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and CD4 is a major event, leading to the disappearance of CD4 at the cell surface of infected U937 cells. Using both productively and defectively infected clone
Tadmori W; Mondal D; Tadmori I; Prakash O; Department of Molecular Oncology, Alton Ochsner Medical; Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana 70121.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is expressed in secreted and cell surface (csTNF-alpha) forms by activated monocytic and T cells. In this report, we demonstrate that csTNF-alpha may predominantly regulate the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) activation in the promonocytic
Black AC; Ruland CT; Yip MT; Luo J; Tran B; Kalsi A; Quan E; Aboud M; Chen IS; Rosenblatt JD; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1678.
The human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II) regulatory protein Rex augments cytoplasmic levels of unspliced gag-pol mRNA by acting through a Rex-responsive element (RxRE) in the long terminal repeat. Purified Rex protein binds to long terminal repeat mRNA. Here, using an immunobinding assay to measure the bindin
Verdin E; Laboratory of Viral and Molecular Pathogenesis, National; Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
After reverse transcription and integration of the genome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a target cell, the viral DNA becomes packaged into chromatin. Regions of chromatin associated with regulatory functions in eukaryotes can generally be distinguished from the bulk of chromatin by an increased accessibilit
Sullenger BA; Gallardo HF; Ungers GE; Gilboa E; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021.
Overexpression of trans-acting response element (TAR)-containing sequences (TAR decoys) in CEM SS cells renders cells resistant to human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Mutagenesis of TAR was used to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the observed inhibition. A nucleotide change which disrupts
Overbaugh J; Rudensey LM; Papenhausen MD; Benveniste RE; Morton WR; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle; 98195.
We have monitored changes in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope (env) gene in two macaques which developed AIDS after inoculation with a molecular clone of SIV. As the animals progressed to AIDS, selection occurred for viruses with variation in two discrete regions (V1 and V4) but not for viruses with ch
Bohnlein E; Berger J; Hauber J; SANDOZ Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
Expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) structural proteins requires the direct interaction of the viral trans-activator protein Rev with its cis-acting RNA sequence (Rev-response element [RRE]). A stretch of 14 amino acid residues of the 116-amino-acid Rev protein is sufficient to impose nucleolar l
Khan AS; Galvin TA; Lowenstine LJ; Jennings MB; Gardner MB; Buckler CE; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
We report here the results of molecular analysis of a simian immunodeficiency virus (designated SIVstm) which was isolated from a rhesus monkey inoculated with stored lymph node tissue of an Asian stump-tailed macaque. The latter monkey had died in 1977 during an epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency and lymphoma at t
Van Lint C; Burny A; Verdin E; Laboratory of Viral and Molecular Pathogenesis, National; Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
An intragenic enhancer in the pol gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 has previously been identified (Verdin et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:4874-4878, 1990). This element is composed of two subdomains both exhibiting phorbol ester-inducible enhancing activity on the viral thymidine kinase promoter in He
Michael NL; Morrow P; Mosca J; Vahey M; Burke DS; Redfield RR; Department of Retroviral Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850.
JAMA. 1991 Nov 20;266(19):2709-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92046579
Lagakos S; Fischl MA; Stein DS; Lim L; Volberding P; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University School of Public; Health, Boston, Mass. 02115.
OBJECTIVE--The purpose of this study was to determine whether the beneficial effects of zidovudine seen overall in two recently completed placebo-controlled clinical trials are also apparent in blacks, Hispanics, women, and intravenous drug users. DESIGN--Two double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials,
JAMA. 1991 Nov 20;266(19):2713-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92046580
Easterbrook PJ; Keruly JC; Creagh-Kirk T; Richman DD; Chaisson RE; Moore RD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
OBJECTIVES--To determine if racial-ethnic differences exist in survival, disease progression, and development of myelosuppression in zidovudine-treated patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. DESIGN--Prospective observational study. SETTING.-Hospital and private clinics in 12 metropolitan ce
JAMA. 1991 Nov 27;266(20):2837-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92046609
Gerbert B; Maguire BT; Bleecker T; Coates TJ; McPhee SJ; School of Dentistry, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies,; University of California, San Francisco 94143-0754.
OBJECTIVE--To explore the extent to which primary care physicians are providing health care for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and to document barriers to HIV care giving. DESIGN--National random-sample mailed survey. PARTICIPANTS--Population-based random sample of 2004 US general internists,
JAMA. 1991 Nov 27;266(20):2843-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92046610
Ness RB; Kelly JV; Killian CD; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; 19104.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the impact on house staff recruitment of large numbers of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN--Trends in yearly survey data from the National Resident Matching Program from 1983 to 1990 were examined for residency programs in New York City, NY, where AIDS is epid
Matsuzaki M; Shimamoto Y; Tokioka T; Suga K; Sueoka E; Ono K; Sano M; Yamaguchi M; Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School.
A 65-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in January 1990, because of weakness of upper limbs. On admission he was found to have generalized lymphadenopathy and leukocytosis. His WBC count was 40,900/microliters with 88% eosinophils. The bone marrow showed an increased number of eosinophils and their precursors b
Shoji H; Nakanaga K; Yoshihara N; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health, Tokyo.
This studies have attempted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in four CD4+ or CD8+ T-cell lines derived from HTLV-I associated myelopathy virus (HAM) patients. Not only CD4+ cell line but also CD8+ cell line could be infected with HIV and CD4+ cell line showed a higher susceptibility than CD8+ cell line on
Sawada Y; Nitta Y; Ikeya T; Daimaru O; Department of Dermatology, Aichi Medical University.
A 35-year-old male from Kagoshima prefecture developed nodules with asymptomatic erythema on both upper eyelids, both hands and upper right leg in April 1986. On April 10, 1987, biopsy of skin lesions revealed numerous atypical CD4 positive lymphocytes which had invaded the dermis around the vessels. Analysis of serum
Tamura S; Shimomura S; Takahashi S; Tsutsumi Z; Yoshimoto T; Mikami M; Hada T; Higashino K; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine,; Nishinomiya, Japan.
A case of recurrent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with a long interval between episodes and each episode showing a different radiographic appearance is reported. The radiographic finding in the initial infectious episode was bilateral, patchy, alveolar infiltrate predominantly in the upper and middle lung zones and t
Hopewell PC; University of California, San Francisco.
For many years tuberculosis has been known to occur with greater frequency among persons with disorders that impair host defenses. In most instances these processes interfere with the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, whereas, in a few, such as silicosis, the probable abnormality is a nonimmune defect in
Matsuo K; Yamaguchi R; Yamazaki A; Terasaka K; Nagai S; Tasaka H; Abe C; Totsuka M; Yukitake H; Kobayashi K; et al; Nagasaki University, School of Dentistry, Japan.
For the purpose to establish the system to express foreign antigen from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. We have cloned, sequenced and expressed genes for secreting proteins, alpha antigen, MPB64, MPB57 and MPB70 from M. bovis BCG. The upstreams and structural genes were characterized. The gene for alpha antigen of Mycobacter
Since intestinal microsporidiosis might be of importance in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients infected with HIV, we examined duodenal biopsies of HIV-infected patients by electron microscopy. Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection of the small intest
A patient with a history of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) inhaled aerosolized pentamidine (AP) for secondary prophylaxis of PCP. Nine months after the first PCP episode he presented with pulmonary upper-lobe infiltrations demonstrated by chest x-ray, and bronchoalveolar lavage confirmed the diagnosis of PCP. Th
Glass JD; Applied Sciences Institute, Brooklyn College, City University of; New York.
A highly conserved sequence near the N-terminus of all human (HIV) and simian (SIV) immunodeficiency virus gag polyproteins appears to be a precursor for a viral mimic of the amidated C-terminus of human gonadoliberin. The gag polyproteins are known to be myristylated; processing of the amidation site would yield myri
Escartin Munoz-Ortiz P; Lopez G-Asenjo JA; Garcia Gonzalez C; Roca Arbones V; Taxonera Samso C; Pieltain Alvarez-Arenas R; Diaz-Rubio M; Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Universidad Complutense, Madrid.
BACKGROUND: The patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have hepatic abnormalities due to infective, neoplastic and toxic disorders. The aim of the present study was to describe the spectrum of liver disease in the HIV infection and to establish the usefulness and indications of hepatic biopsy. METH
Pedro-Botet Montoya ML; Sabria-Leal M; Carrasco Miserachs I; Arnal Millan J; Comdom Mundo MJ; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Seccion de Microbiologia,; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona.
Three bacteremias of Campylobacter fetus were described. One was a male patient and two were females. Underlying illnesses were present in all of them (Hodgkin disease, AIDS and hepatic cirrhosis respectively). They were all admitted because of fever and no other symptoms of infectious focus were present. Physical fin
Muncunill J; Forner N; Morey M; Galmes A; Vanrell L; Besalduch J; Servicio de Hematologia y Hemoterapia, Hospital General de Son; Dureta, Palma de Mallorca.
BACKGROUND: Analysis of the infective morbidity and mortality secondary to replacement hemotherapy in the population with congenital coagulation deficiencies (CCD) and their consequences on the demand for coagulation factors. METHODS: The 46 patients with CCD diagnosed in the autonomous community (AC) of the Balearic
Med Clin North Am. 1991 Nov;75(6):1389-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92047730
Lucente FE; Department of Otolaryngology, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Brooklyn.
Currently, most patients with AIDS present with a manifestation involving the head, neck, or respiratory tract. The otolaryngologist may be the first physician to evaluate the patient with HIV infection and, therefore, must be aware of the various manifestations. The otolaryngologist may also be involved in diagnosing
Wajda A; Roos LL; Layefsky M; Singleton JA; Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation and Faculty of; Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Software to perform record linkage should have several characteristics: (1) portability in being able to function with researchers current arrangement of computer systems and languages, (2) flexibility in handling different linkage strategies, and (3) low cost in both computer time and researchers efforts. A linkage
Xiu RJ; Jun C; Berglund O; Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy of Medical; Sciences, Beijing.
The aim of this study is to explore the vascular perturbations associated with AIDS infections as a means of developing strategies to help in the treatment of these patients. Closed-circuit television microscopic observation of the microcirculation in the nail fold was carried out on 11 AIDS patients and 11 healthy Eu
Med J Aust. 1991 Nov 4;155(9):586-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92048840
Hart G; STD Control Branch, SA.
OBJECTIVE: To ascertain factors associated with having a test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody. DESIGN: All attenders at a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic who were at risk of HIV infection and had not been tested previously were included in the study and classified as requesting a test or bei
In one multisite, primary health-care program in 10 large cities in the United States , 3% of participating adolescents engaged in behaviors that increased their risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (i.e., prostitution, injecting-drug use, male homosexual behavior, or b
In the United States , human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission has been associated with anal sex without use of condoms. However, surveys of sexual behavior among homosexual/bisexual men (i.e., men who have had sex with men) and evaluation results from intervention studies have
Public health agencies and other organizations offer programs for prevention, counseling, testing, and early intervention for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). For these programs to be effective, persons who may require their services must have knowledge of the
N Engl J Med. 1991 Nov 28;325(22):1534-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92049580
Falloon J; Kovacs J; Hughes W; O'Neill D; Polis M; Davey RT Jr; Rogers M; LaFon S; Feuerstein I; Lancaster D; et al; Department of Critical Care Medicine, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
BACKGROUND. The drug 566C80 is an investigational hydroxynaphthoquinone that is active against Pneumocystis carinii in vitro and in animal models. Initial studies in humans indicate that 566C80 is safe and has adequate bioavailability after oral administration. METHODS. We conducted an open-label trial of 566C80 in 34
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1991 Nov 9;135(45):2123-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92049910
Bindels PJ; Gemeentelijke Geneeskundige en Gezondheidsdienst, sector; Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Amsterdam.
In 1988, a study was started in three Amsterdam hospitals to investigate the HIV prevalence among pregnant women. In 1989 more hospitals and also midwife clinics were included in the study. From 1990 onwards all hospitals in Amsterdam, 22 midwife practices, 2 abortion clinics and 3 clinics for infertility problems par
Holman RC; Janssen RS; Buehler JW; Zelasky MT; Hooper WC; Division of Immunologic Disease, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, GA 30333.
We analyzed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) mortality data from 1979 to 1987 and data on persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) reported to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Based on analyses of multiple-cause-of-death vital statistics, deaths related to PML have increased fourfol
Luraschi A; Borgotti P; Gioria A; Fedeli P; Divisione di Medicina, Ospedale di Omegna, Novara.
Lymphocytary subpopulations have been determined, by means of monoclonal antibodies, in 24 patients afflicted with iron deficient anaemia, repeating the determination in 15 of the patients after an adequate iron therapy. In iron deficient patients a significant reduction of the percentage of lymphocytes T (OKT3+) has
Deambrogio V; Guaschino R; Mongio F; Schettino G; Gatti G; Fruttaldo L; USSL n. 76, Ospedale S. Spirito Casale Monferrato.
The reported results show a prevalence of HIV-1 antibodies in drug addicts by ELISA and Western Blot. In this case report the presence of persons (drug addicts) whose sera have antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 by ELISA and Western Blot advise that further epidemiological studies are necessary to assess the real HIV-2 cir
Delvecchio G; Fracassetti O; Rossi M; Divisione di Malattie infettive, Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo.
The drug addiction unit of USSL 25 in the Upper Seriana Valley, Clusone (BG), have dealt with HIV infection since 1985. Over the past four years 357 subjects, 90 (48.1%) of whom proved to be HIV-positive using ELISA methods and Western control blotting. Five drug addicts included in the study underwent seroconversion.
N Y State J Med. 1991 Sep;91(9):386-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92050504
Wilkes MS; Fortin AH; Jacobs TA; Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholar Program, Department of; Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles.
In spite of the value of autopsy in modern medicine, autopsy rates continue to decline. This decline has been especially pronounced for patients who die of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this paper, we assess the attitudes of house officers toward the autopsy in AIDS patients. The survey encompassed 112
N Y State J Med. 1991 Sep;91(9):389-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92050505
Grabau JC; Kaufman GI; Han Y; New York State Department of Health, Bureau of Communicable; Disease Control, Albany 12237.
The New York State acute care, hospital discharge database was used to create a longitudinal case history file for all adult inpatients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). From 1984 through 1986, 12,958 individuals with HIV-related diseases were treated in acute care hospitals throughout the state. A
N Z Med J. 1991 Nov 13;104(923):473-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92050531
Chetwynd J; Department of Community Health and General Practice, Christchurch; School of Medicine.
Surveys of knowledge about AIDS were carried out in 1987 and again in 1989 amongst national samples of 1000 adult New Zealanders. During this period there was a general increase in knowledge about AIDS and a decrease in misconceptions about it. By 1989 97% of the sample knew that the virus could be transmitted through
Specht CS; Mitchell KT; Bauman AE; Gupta M; Department of Ophthalmic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of; Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
Disseminated histoplasmosis is one of the life-threatening opportunistic infections associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). A 29-year-old man with AIDS and disseminated histoplasmosis complained of a hazy spot in the vision of his left eye. Results of examination showed distinct creamy white intrar
Foster RE; Lowder CY; Meisler DM; Huang SS; Longworth DL; Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH; 44195-5024.
Pneumocystis carinii choroiditis is a well-documented but rare infection that has been described as a bilateral, multifocal process. Treatment efficacy has not been well established. In this report, three cases of presumed P. carinii choroiditis that developed during aerosolized pentamidine therapy for the prophylaxis
Shapiro AL; Pincus RL; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lincoln; Medical Center, New York, NY.
Although diffuse cervical lymphadenopathy is one of the earliest and most common findings in patients with AIDS, the appropriate diagnostic approach in these patients has yet to be determined. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was performed on 26 patients with AIDS in order to evaluate the role of FNA in patients with diff
Borkenstein M; Schwingshandl J; Kuttnig M; Limbert C; Universitats-Kinderklinik, Graz.
Sexual behavior has changed during the last decades. Teenage fertility rate, and the number of gonococcal infections are both extremely high; the incidence of HIV-infections is increasing. Preventive measures include sex education. Sex education may help the adolescents to identify their own goals for sexual behavior,
Murray PA; Winkler JR; Peros WJ; French CK; Lippke JA; Department of Stomatology, University of California, San; Francisco.
Recent studies have shown that an atypical gingivitis and a rapidly progressive periodontal disease may be early-occurring opportunistic infections associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study examined the prevalence of selected periodontal pathogens associated with these HIV-related period
Vail TP; Urbaniak JR; Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina.
The case of a 37-year-old man with hematogenous osteomyelitis associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is presented, with a review of the literature. Hematogenous osteomyelitis is a relatively rare entity in the patella; most cases have involved adolescents and immunocompromised patients. There have been
D'Angelo LJ; Getson PR; Luban NL; Gayle HD; Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University; School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010.
Few studies have evaluated the extent of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the adolescent population. However, there has been growing concern that sexual and drug experimentation common in this age group may increase their risks of transmitting the virus. Between October 1, 1987, and January 31, 1989, a blinded, u
Bonfanti M; Broggini M; Prontera C; D'Incalci M; Laboratory of Cancer Chemotherapy, Istituto di Richerche; Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
To study the effect of methylation of O6-guanine on the binding of cellular factors to different DNA sequences, modified oligonucleotides were constructed, in which O6-Methylguanine (O6-MeG) replaced some guanines. The DNA sequences utilized were: the region of the c-fos promoter containing the binding site for serum
Stec WJ; Grajkowski A; Koziolkiewicz M; Uznanski B; Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry,; Lodz.
The synthesis and separation of diastereoisomerically pure 5 -O-DMT-nucleoside 3 -O-(2-thio-1,3,2-oxathiaphospholane) allows their use as synthons in DBU-catalyzed reaction with the 5 -hydroxyl function of solid-support-bound nucleoside moiety. Since this reaction is stereospecific (greater than 99%), this novel metho
Ciccarelli RB; Gunyuzlu P; Huang J; Scott C; Oakes FT; Department of Molecular Biology, Sterling Research Group,; Rensselaer, NY 12144.
A new method is described for the direct construction of synthetic genes by applying a modified version of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to crude oligonucleotide mixtures made by automated solid phase DNA synthesis. Construction of the HIV-1 393 bp rev gene and the 655 bp nef gene by this method is illustrated.
Lovejoy NC; Paul S; Freeman E; Christianson B; School of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC.
Although treatment of HIV infections is possible, anecdotal data and research suggest that infected homosexual and bisexual men are developing sets of HIV-specific self-care behaviors that they believe will maintain their health or delay progressive disease. However, little is known about frequent use of HIV self-care
Torre D; Zeroli C; Fiori GP; Ferraro G; Speranza F; Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital and; Foundation E. and S. Macchi, Varese, Italy.
A wide variety of clinical expressions of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been apparent from the earliest case reports in adult patients and pediatric patients. Both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS in children are associated with an increased prevalence of several dermatologic m
Public Health Nurs. 1991 Sep;8(3):201-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92051764
Salsberry PJ; Nickel JT; O'Connell M; Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus 43210.
This paper presents a practical guide for researchers-academicians and clinicians who are considering the development of a collaborative community-based project. It reports on a federally funded project developed by nurse-researchers at a large midwestern university and the nurse clinician directing home care services
At the fall of 1989 a questionnaire was sent to 19 institutions particularly involved with AIDS. 17 (89 percent) responded at all, 11 (and one more additionally) delivered qualified data. Overall 8,518 persons with proved HIV infection of different stages were treated from 1987 to 1989 in institutions distributed over
Gustchina A; Weber IT; Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, NCI Frederick Cancer; Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland 21702.
The different isolates available for HIV-1 and HIV-2 were compared for the region of the protease (PR) sequence, and the variations in amino acids were analyzed with respect to the crystal structure of HIV-1 PR with inhibitor. Based on the extensive homology (39 identical out of 99 residues), models were built of the
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 1;88(21):9426-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052106
Raziuddin; Mikovits JA; Calvert I; Ghosh S; Kung HF; Ruscetti FW; Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, Program; Resources, Inc, DynCorp, Frederick, MD.
Although monocytic cells can provide a reservoir for viral production in vivo, their regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription can be either latent, restricted, or productive. These differences in gene expression have not been molecularly defined. In THP-1 cells with restricted HIV expres
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 1;88(21):9448-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052110
Hart MK; Weinhold KJ; Scearce RM; Washburn EM; Clark CA; Palker TJ; Haynes BF; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
The generation of antiviral cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is a critical component of the immune response to viral infections. A safe and nontoxic vaccine for AIDS would optimally use a carrier-free synthetic peptide immunogen containing only components of HIV necessary for induction of protective immune responses. We
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 15;88(22):10287-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052255
Reddy MR; Viswanadhan VN; Weinstein JN; Agouron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121.
Peptidomimetic inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 protease show considerable promise for treatment of AIDS. We have, therefore, been seeking computer-assisted drug design methods to aid in the systematic design of such inhibitors from a lead compound. Here we report thermodynamic cycle-perturbation calcu
Harris GJ; Rhew EH; Noga T; Pearlson GD; Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions,; Baltimore, MD.
A reliable computer method was developed for straightforward, rapid determination of whole brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes from a set of contiguous transaxial magnetic resonance images. The semiautomatic algorithm used a threshold-guided edge follower. Subtraction of proton-weighted from T2-weighted images
Waldvogel B; Seidl O; Ermann M; Abteilung fur Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Universitat; Munchen.
Caring for people with AIDS physicians and nurses are confronted with special problems. Compared to other severe illnesses there are specific problems in the relationship between doctors and nurses with their patients due to the similarity in age, the risk of infection and that most of the patients belong to stigmatiz
P R Health Sci J. 1991 Aug;10(2):83-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052910
Colon HM; Robles R; Sahai H; Department of Anti Addiction Services, Rio Piedras, PR 00928.
HIV transmission through sharing of drug injection paraphernalia is the single largest mode of infection in Puerto Rico . Of special concern to health professionals is the lack of information related to HIV risk behavior and lifestyles of IVDU s not in drug treatment. The paper
Ong EL; Mandal BK; Regional Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine,; Monsall Hospital, Manchester.
A retrospective study of tuberculosis was undertaken among 125 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who attended our regional infectious disease unit between 1986 and 1989. Nine TB-positive patients (five English, three Africans, one Indian) were identified. In three patients who presented with py
Smith DE; Hills DA; Harman C; Hawkins DA; Gazzard BG; Westminster Hospital, London.
Nebulized pentamidine is increasingly used for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV antibody-positive patients. We report our experience of the efficacy and tolerance of a high dose regimen (300 mg every second week) in 173 HIV-positive patients over a 2 1/2-year period. Only seven episodes of P. ca
Radiol Med (Torino). 1991 Sep;82(3):270-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92053285
Zompatori M; Canini R; Gavelli G; Costigliola P; Ricchi E; Del Bufalo C; Pisi P; Rimondi MR; Istituto di Radiologia del-l'Universita di Bologna.
Over the last 4 years, we observed 122 patients with AIDS and 20 with AIDS-related lymphomas (ARL) in the chest. Eighteen of the latter were non-Hodgkin s forms, mostly high-grade and high-stage B-cell (Burkitt or Burkitt-like) types (16 cases.) This prevalence reflects the overall increase in neoplasms secondary to i
Dionisio D; Vivarelli A; Di Lollo S; Orsi A; Gabbrielli M; Milo D; Divisione di Malattie infettive, Policlinico di Careggi, Firenze.
An imported case of intestinal schistosomiasis in AIDS is analysed by the relationships between immune response, diagnostic methods, pathogenetic mechanisms. The inconclusiveness of negative results from both serology and stool parasitology is remarked whereas the efficacy of associated histological, histochemical and
Steidl L; Gussoni G; Montanari M; Crippa G; Divisione di Medicina generale, Universita di Pavia, Sede di; Varese.
HIV-related thrombocytopenia sometimes requires a therapeutic choice: current therapies are similar to those applied in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Some Authors described a positive effect on platelets with Zidovudine ( AZT ) administration. We
Yahara O; Hashimoto K; Taniguchi N; Ishikawa M; Sato Y; Yamashita H; Ohno H; Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical College,; Japan.
Manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) concentration was measured in sera from 37 healthy controls and 101 patients with 11 forms of neuromuscular diseases including Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and polymyositis (PMS) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with the use of a monoclonal antibody against human liv
Rodriguez Hernandez H; Reyes Gutierrez E; Elizondo Rivera J; Departamento de Endoscopia, Instituto Nacional de la Nutricion; Salvador Zubiran, Mexico, D.F.
From May 1988 to December 1989, fiberoptic endoscopy of the upper digestive tract was performed in 53 patients with AIDS. In 19 cases a presumptive diagnosis of candida esophagitis was made: 13 were men and six women; the median age was 38.9 years. The Kodsi grading scale was used to evaluate the extent of the fungal
Gongora-Biachi RA; Gonzales-Martinez P; Puerto FI; Franco-Monsreal J; Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,; Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Mexico.
OBJECTIVE. To ascertain the prevalence of type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and to examine the factors associated with its transmission in a group of heterosexual couples. DESIGN. Prospective study, descriptive, from September 1985 to December 1989. SITE. A university research center and a private general ho
Stat Med. 1991 Oct;10(10):1527-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92053835
Becker NG; Watson LF; Carlin JB; Department of Statistics, La Trobe University, Bundoora Vic,; Australia.
The method of back-projection has been used to estimate the unobserved past incidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to obtain projections of future AIDS incidence. Here a new approach to back-projection, which avoids parametric assumptions about the form of the HIV infection intensity, i
Ghyka G; Alecu M; Halalau F; Calugaru A; Coman G; V. Babes Institute, Bucharest.
Patients with classical European Kaposi s sarcoma have been treated by intra- and peritumoral injections of human alpha-leukocyte interferon (IFN) (12 cases) or alternatively with IFN and naturally synthetized IL-2 (8 cases). All the patients were HIV negative their tu
Hogevold HE; Lyberg T; Reikeras O; Department of Surgery, Ulleval Hospital, University of Oslo,; Norway.
Changes in leukocyte subpopulations and the effects of high-dose corticosteroids (HDC) on these changes were studied in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery. Twelve patients were randomly divided into a non-steroid (n = 6) and a steroid group (n = 6). The steroid patient group was treated with HDC. In the
Parente F; Cernuschi M; Orlando G; Rizzardini G; Lazzarin A; Bianchi Porro G; Dept. of Infectious Diseases, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy.
The frequency and distribution of gastrointestinal Kaposi s sarcoma were prospectively investigated in 33 consecutive AIDS patients with heterogeneous risk factors and established skin or lymph-node disease. The influence of visceral involvement and degree of immunosuppression at the time of diagnosis on patient survi
Bernard EF; Hase T; Department of Ultrastructural Pathology, Walter Reed Army; Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307.
A simple technique for processing cells grown on BEEM capsule caps for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation is described. The cells adhere to a substratum on the inner surface of caps coated with either an egg white-polyvinylpyrrolidone solution or a polylysine solution in the case of eukaryotic cells and a
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1991 Nov 2;121(44):1624-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054443
Perret BA; Poorbeik M; Morell A; Zentrallaboratorium Blutspendedienst SRK, Bern.
Premofil M SRK, licensed in Switzerland by the IKS since mid-1990, was clinically tested in close collaboration with 7 hemophilia treatment centers. Up to May 1991, we collected results of in vivo recovery from 17 patients, half-life determinations from 12, and safety data fro
Science. 1991 Oct 25;254(5031):529-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054530
Metcalf D; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Post Office; Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia.
The production and functional activity of two important white blood cells, the granulocytes and macrophages, are regulated mainly by a group of glycoprotein colony-stimulating factors. The colony-stimulating factors have been mass-produced with recombinant technology and are now proving of value in preventing or suppr
Science. 1991 Nov 8;254(5033):860-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054581
Imberti L; Sottini A; Bettinardi A; Puoti M; Primi D; Consorzio per le Biotecnologie-Consiglio Nazionale delle; Ricerche-Institute of Chemistry, School of Medicine, University; of Brescia, Italy.
The mechanism of T cell depletion during infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is unclear. Examination of the repertoire of T cell receptor V (variable) regions in persons infected with HIV revealed the absence of a common set of V beta regions, whereas V alpha usage was normal. The lack of these V bet
Munoz Fernandez S; Cardenal A; Balsa A; Quiralte J; del Arco A; Pena JM; Barbado FJ; Vazquez JJ; Gijon J; Rheumatologic Unit, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
We studied in retrospect the rheumatic manifestations of 556 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Eighty percent were men. Eighty-six percent were intravenous drug abusers (IVDAs), 9% homosexual, 3% partners of high-risk persons having the infection, 0.4% hemophiliacs, and 2% had no known risk f
Lane HC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
alpha-Interferon (IFN alpha) blocks replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 in vitro by interfering with the release of mature virions. Clinical trials have addressed the in vivo effects of IFN alpha, both alone and in combination with other agents, in a variety of patients at all stages of HIV-1 infection
Ford N; Koetsawang S; Institute of Population Studies, University of Exeter, U.K.
At a global level there are considerable differences between regions in the levels of prevalence, and rate of transmission, of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Furthermore there are differences between regions in the social and demographic characteristics of HIV carrie
AIDS represents research challenges for anthropology as well as for biomedicine. In many ways the dilemmas of anthropologists appear to be of lesser magnitude than those confronting biomedical researchers charged with the responsibility for treating patients and searching for cures and vaccines. Yet anthropological re
Packard RM; Epstein P; Department of History, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155.
The development of medical research on AIDS in Africa resembles earlier efforts to understand the epidemiology of TB and syphilis in Africa. In all three cases early research focused on why these diseases exhibited different epidemiological patterns in Africa than in the west. Early explanations of these differences f
South Med J. 1991 Nov;84(11):1360-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054764
Leggiadro RJ; Luedtke GS; Convey A; Gibson L; Barrett FF; Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38103.
We found a histoplasmin reactivity rate of 69% in a selected population of normal midsouthern adults. This prevalence is similar to that previously reported and has major clinical implications for area residents who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus and are at risk for disseminated disease with Histoplasm
South Med J. 1991 Nov;84(11):1385-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054773
Brodkin H; Department of Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Redwood; City, Calif. 94063.
This paper reports the case of a young woman with SLE whose paraspinous abscess due to Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare was metastatic to the breast. Surgical drainage and 18 months of treatment with rifampin, cycloserine, ethambutol, and streptomycin failed to eradicate the infection. This case illustrates that MAI
South Med J. 1991 Nov;84(11):1407-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054781
Shahab ST; Habte-Gabr E; Fedorko D; Department of Internal Medicine, Hurley Medical Center/Michigan; State University, Flint.
We have described a patient with AIDS and cryptococcal antigen titers of 1:262,144 in CSF and 1:268,435,456 in serum. Although the prognosis is poor in AIDS patients with high cryptococcal antigen titers, this patient responded well to treatment and has been free of clinical recurrence of cryptococcal infection for 2
South Med J. 1991 Nov;84(11):1410-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054783
Gradon JD; Schulman RH; Chapnick EK; Sepkowitz DV; Division of Infectious Diseases, Maimonides Medical Center,; Brooklyn, NY.
Unremitting diarrhea is a common problem in patients with AIDS. We have reported the case of such a patient who was treated with the somatostatin analogue octreotide for chronic diarrhea and who had acute pancreatitis as a consequence of this therapy. We postulate that the possible mechanism for the pathogenesis of th
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1991 Mar;22(1):135-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054799
Belongia EA; Holtan N; MacDonald KL; Bowman RJ; Osterholm MT; Division of Field Services, Centers for Disease Control,; Minnesota Department of Health, Minneapolis 55440.
By means of anonymous questionnaire survey an assessment has been made of Moscow teenagers attitude to HIV-infected persons, of their views on measures taken in the USSR in relation to AIDS patients and HIV-infected persons, and also assessment of the educational effect of lectures. From 49% to 57% of the interviewed
Salud Publica Mex. 1991 Jul-Aug;33(4):360-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054997
Gonzalez-Block MA; Hayes-Bautista DE; Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico.
This paper discusses the relationship between migration and health using as a case study the problem of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the Mexican-American border. The authors state that the permanent nature of migration between Mexico and the
Sex Transm Dis. 1991 Jul-Sep;18(3):143-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92055103
Spence MR; Robbins SM; Polansky M; Schable CA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hahnemann University; School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102.
Blind testing of 743 women who attended an inner-city hospital family-planning clinic showed 8 (1.1%) patients to have serum antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1). A retrospective chart survey did not show an association between HIV-1 antibody seropositivity and ethnicity, marital status, education
Sex Transm Dis. 1991 Jul-Sep;18(3):159-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92055107
Stary A; Kopp W; Soltz-Szots J; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Research of Infectious; Venero-dermatological Diseases, Vienna, Austria.
In Vienna, legalized prostitution is tightly controlled by the advisory board of the Viennese Public Health Service. Registered prostitutes are routinely screened for all important STDs, such as syphilis, HIV, gonorrhea, chlamydial- and yeast-infections, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Furthermore, cytological smears are o
Sex Transm Dis. 1991 Jul-Sep;18(3):170-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92055109
Doll LS; Byers RH; Bolan G; Douglas JM Jr; Moss PM; Weller PD; Joy D; Bartholow BN; Harrison JS; Division of HIV/AIDS, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for; Disease Control, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,; Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
To describe homosexual men who continue to engage in unprotected oral and anal sex, 601 men who attended three urban STD clinics and who had engaged in these behaviors with a male partner in the previous 4 months were interviewed regarding their sexual and drug-use behaviors. Although approximately one fourth of parti
Sex Transm Dis. 1991 Jul-Sep;18(3):188-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92055113
Cameron DW; Ngugi EN; Ronald AR; Simonsen JN; Braddick M; Bosire M; Kimata J; Kamala J; Ndinya-Achola JO; Waiyaki PG; et al; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
Control of genital ulcer disease (GUD) is a proposed intervention to slow the dissemination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Programs for the control of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) should focus on groups of high-frequency transmitters, such as prostitutes and their clientele. This study illustr
Spec Care Dentist. 1991 Jul-Aug;11(4):155-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92055164
Miller CS; Triplett RG; Department of Oral Health Science, University of Kentucky College; of Dentistry, Lexington.
The carbon dioxide laser is a surgical device increasingly important to dentistry. The advantages of laser use in the treatment of oral disease have been well documented. Such benefits include bloodless incisions, accurate tissue destruction, reduced pain, minimal swelling, excellent hemostasis, and limited postoperat
Nannery WM; Stoldt HS; Fares LG 2d; Department of Surgery, St. Francis Medical Center, New Brunswick,; New Jersey.
Hemodialysis in known patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been a subject of controversy. During a 60 month period, 28 hemodialysis access operations were performed upon 22 HIV infected patients. The indication for all procedures was need of dialysis access secondary to end-stage renal failure
Cases of active tuberculosis are increasing in the United States after years of decline. A provisional total of 23,720 cases was reported by the end of 1990. Case rates increased 4.4 percent between 1988 and 1989, and perhaps another 1 percent in 1990. Overall rate was 9.5 per 100,000
1990 was an excellent year for life expectancy. Average future lifetime for both infant boys and girls rose to all-time highs. However, the gender gap in expectation of life at birth widened for the first time in more than a decade. The increase may be a statistical aberration or, more likely, a reflection of the grow
We describe a retrospective study of 42 patients admitted to Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital with suspect postpolio syndrome over a period of two years. The patients were 32 females and 10 males aged 28-74 years (mean 54 years). 29 were married or cohabitant, 31 had children, and 20 were in paid employment. The mean a
Todays OR Nurse. 1991 Oct;13(10):21-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92055892
Jackson MM; Russell BS
1. The recent limited number of reports of HBV transmission from HCWs to patients may reflect the adoption of universal precautions and increased use of HBV vaccine. 2. Since nurses rarely perform the types of exposure-prone procedures described by the CDC, a nurse would not likely be associated with transmission of H
Todays OR Nurse. 1991 Oct;13(10):26-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92055893
Spechko PL
1. The risk of transmission of HIV from an infected patient to a percutaneously exposed HCW is about 1 in 200 to 300. 2. The exposure, the source patient and the HCW recipient must be assessed to determine the risk of HIV infection to the recipient. 3. Azidothymidine (
Cullen BR; Malim MH; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
Complex retroviruses, including Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1), are characterized by the ordered temporal expression of the various viral gene products in infected cells. This effect is mediated by a novel class of RNA-sequence-specific regulatory proteins typified by the Rev trans-activator of HIV-1. Evi
Beschorner WE; Divic J; Pulido H; Yao X; Kenworthy P; Bruce G; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Correlation of thymic changes with the development of CsA-associated syngeneic graft-versus-host disease (sGVHD) suggested that the development of tolerance depends on the prompt regeneration of the thymus after stopping CsA. Accordingly, we have tested recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) and recombinant human ins
Shafer RW; Jones WD; Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University Medical; Center, CA 94305.
A 33-year-old man with AIDS and pleuro-pulmonary tuberculosis was treated with a combination of antituberculous medications for 12 months and with continuation of isoniazid. A total of 2 months after completing combination therapy the patient developed fever, malaise,
Different methods have been developed for the diagnosis of HIV infection, i.e. detection of antibodies, antigen and proviral DNA. ELISA methods for detecting HIV-1 antibodies are widely used as screening assays. A sample which is repeatedly positive with ELISA is re-tested with a confirmatory test, e.g. western blot.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1991 Oct 14;153(42):2936-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92056165
Smith E; Plesner AM; Larsen SO; Statens Seruminstitut, epidemiologisk afdeling og statistik- og; edb-afdelingen, Kobenhavn.
By 31.12.1990, a total of 726 patients with AIDS were diagnosed and notified including 679 men (94%) and 47 women (6%). The first diagnosis was made in 1980. Since then, an annual increase in the number of notified AIDS patients has been observed although the increase has declined from 1989 to 1990. During the years,
Cylindrical specimens of trabecular pig bone were tested to uniaxial compressive strain levels of 30% to study the influence of various sterilization techniques and methods of HIV-inactivation on the mechanical properties characterized by compressive modulus, yield point, energy absorption and maximum stress. Heat ina
Komine S; Yoshida H; Fujiyama C; Masaki Z; Department of Surgery, Saga Medical School, Japan.
Voiding dysfunction in patients with human T-lymphotropic-virus-type-1-associated myelopathy (HAM) was studied. All the patients were diagnosed as having HAM by neurologists. We have already reported on 16 consequent patients with HAM. Almost all of these patients had frequency, and many had urge incontinence of urine
Yamashita H; Kumazawa J; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University,; Fukuoka, Japan.
Voiding dysfunction was evaluated in 26 patients (9 males and 17 females) with human T-lymphotropic-virus-type-1-associated myelopathy. Of 26 patients 22 (85%) had difficulty in urination, 15 (58%) had urinary frequency and 9 (35%) had urge incontinence. Cystograms showed trabeculated bladder in 5 patients, vesicouret
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1991 Jul;28(3-4):237-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92056463
Sharma R; Woldehiwet Z; University of Liverpool, Department of Veterinary Pathology,; Neston, Wirral, UK.
The role of cell-mediated immune response in the immunopathogenesis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection is not well established. In the present study, cytotoxic T cell responses of BRSV-infected lambs were examined using the chromium release assay. Lambs experimentally infected with BRSV developed c
Voen Med Zh. 1991 Jun;(6):47-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92056579
Iakovlev VN; Nechaev DF
The period of last years was marked by an increasing number of patients with secondary immunodeficiencies who have also got a diagnosis of various lung pathology (bacterial pneumonia is more frequent, however protozoan, fungal, viral, tuberculous and malignant affections of lungs also are not unusual). Diagnostics and
Bruisten SM; Koppelman MH; van der Poel CL; Huisman JG; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Department of Developmental Research, Amsterdam.
In this report we describe a sensitive HIV-1 detection method which is applicable for confirmation testing of donors whose blood sample gives indeterminate viral-serology results. The method involves performing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and detecting the generated fragments using liquid hybridization and gel r
Van der Poel CL; Reesink HW; Mauser-Bunschoten EP; Kaufmann RH; Leentvaar-Kuypers A; Chamuleau RA; Schaasberg W; Bakker E; Exel-Oehlers PJ; Theobalds I; et al; Red Cross Blood Bank, Amsterdam.
The prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was studied in various population subsets in the Netherlands with anti-HCV C100 enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and confirmed with recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA). Anti-HCV C100 ELISA positivity and RI
On September 25th, 1987 methadone was legalized in Austria for therapeutic use in drug addiction treatment in case of: 1. Long-term drug addiction with intravenous application of the drug, and several unsuccessful withdrawal therapies and/or 2. opiate addiction through intravenous
World Health Stat Q. 1991;44(3):107-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92056846
Harris DR; Lemeshow S; University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Precision in estimation of relative risks using a standardized sampling method proposed by the WHO Global Programme on AIDS was evaluated using a Monte Carlo model simulating actual populations; the proposed survey design represents a modification of the methodology used by the WHO Expanded Programme on Immunization (
World Health Stat Q. 1991;44(3):115-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92056847
Lemeshow S; Taber S; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public; Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) was originally developed for industrial applications. This article discusses the extension of its application to a public health setting. When resources must be allocated to several communities based on whether or not each exceeds a target proportion of members with a characterist
Yonsei Med J. 1991 Jun;32(2):190-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92056897
Park JH; Lee BI; Chun SI; Osame M; Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine,; Seoul, Korea.
We report the first Korean case of HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM), which was confirmed by Western blot assay of serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Interestingly, the proband s wife was a Japanese Korean who had lived in the endemic area of HAM, Kyushu. Japan, Investigations revealed significantly elevated anti HTLV-I
Blumenfeld W; Gan GL; Department of Pathology, University of California-San Francisco.
A case of histoplasmosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is presented. Intracytoplasmic organisms were found in Diff-Quik- and Papanicolaou-stained bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sediment. Budding yeasts were found in the silver methenamine-stained material. It was initially thought that the yeasts
Elwood LJ; Dobrzanski D; Feuerstein IM; Solomon D; Cytopathology Section, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
We describe the cytologic appearance of Pneumocystis carinii in pleural fluid of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and a rapidly accumulating pleural effusion. The diagnosis of P carinii infection was made by examination of air-dried, Diff-Quik-stained Cytospin preparations of the pleural fluid. The di
Luzzatto G; Galligioni A; Pennelli N; Doro D; Girolami A; 2nd Department of Medicine, Padua University School of Medicine,; Italy.
The association of lymphoma and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity in a patient with a rare congenital clotting disorder (Factor X Friuli) is reported. The propositus was a previously asymptomatic HIV-positive 46-year-old man who suddenly presented a rapidly evolving right exophthalmos due to a centrobl
Lugaresi A; Uncini A; Porrini AM; Battista P; French D; Curia MC; Mammarella S; Mariani-Costantini R; Gambi D; Institute of Clinical Neurology, University of Chieti, Italy.
A 58-year old man presented with slowly progressive spastic paraparesis, ataxia, absent ankle jerks, bladder disturbances, impairment of vibration sense and mental deterioration. Electrophysiological studies documented axonal sensory neuropathy, posterior column and optic nerve involvement. Serum tests for anti-HTLV-1
Wang SJ; Liu HC; Chi CW; Liu TY; Chen PM; Neurological Center, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,; Republic of China.
Taiwan is geographically, culturally, and socially close to southern Japan , which is an endemic area of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy (HAM). Taiwan, however, is not an en
Reyes MG; Faraldi F; Senseng CS; Flowers C; Fariello R; Division of Pathology (Neuropathology), Hektoen Institute for; Medical Research, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL 60612.
Using stereological techniques we have estimated the volume density of melanin and counted the number of pigmented and non-pigmented neuronal cell bodies in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra of 12 autopsied patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who did not have inflammation or necrosis of th
Soni SD; Windgassen E; Psychiatric Research Department, Salford Health Authority,; Prestwich Hospital, Manchester Hospital, United Kingdom.
Twenty-four patients with AIDS panic, who presented to the psychiatric services between 1983 and 1986, were assessed on various clinical rating scales. The severity of clinical symptoms was estimated by adding together the total scores on Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety. The
Persson E; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Hospital,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Fertility regulation and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are recognized pillars in fertility health work. The HIV epidemic has made it clear that there are people at risk for STDs all over the world. Both STDs and unwanted pregnancies are negative consequences of the same behavior, i.e., unprotected
Mosier DE; Division of Immunology, Medical Biology Institute, La Jolla,; California 92037.
Though the development of human-to-mouse xenotransplant models is in its infancy, astonishing progress has been made in a short period of time. Two experimental applications have been developed: short-term transfer of human lymphocytes to generate models for autoimmunity and infectious diseases, and long-term engraftm
Quinti I; Guerra E; Mezzaroma I; Scala E; Rainaldi L; Galluzzo CM; Aiuti F; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of; Rome, La Sapienza, Italy.
We describe a new simplified solid phase immunoassay for the detection of anti-HIV antibodies. The results obtained analyzing a panel of sera from subjects showing a different pattern of reactivity on enzyme immunoassays and on Western blot demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity. The test does not require exper
Luzi G; Greco D; Sasse H; Rezza G; Aiuti F; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome; La Sapienza, Italy.
A retrospective study on 52,900 individuals tested in 177 Italian Medical Centres for AIDS and related syndromes is reported. The data confirm that I.V. drug users are the group at highest risk in Italy (46% were seropositive and more than one half of these presented PGL or ARC) and
Raiteri R; Albonico M; Deiana R; Marietti G; Sinicco A; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Turin, Italy.
From September 1987 to February 1990, repeated tests were performed in 325 HIV-1 infected subjects at different clinical stages using a radial immunodiffusion method to determine serum IgD behaviour in HIV-1 infection. Four patients had acute HIV-1 infection, 72 asymptomatic infection, 163 PGL, 49 ARC and 37 AIDS. Dur
Am Heart J. 1991 Nov;122(5):1489-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92058641
Gonzalez A; Sager PT; Akil B; Rahimtoola SH; Bhandari AK; Department of Medicine, LAC Medical Center, University of; Southern California School of Medicine 90033.
Am J Cardiol. 1991 Nov 1;68(11):1216-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92058709
Hsia J; Colan SD; Adams S; Ross AM; Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington,; D.C. 20037.
Signal-averaged electrocardiograms were performed in 225 patients with serologic evidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection as part of a prospective longitudinal study of patients with HIV-associated heart disease and 12 seronegative control subjects. The duration of signal-averaged QRS vector, root-mean-squar
Johnson JP; Vink PE; Hines SE; Robinson B; Davis JC Jr; Nair P; Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of; Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
OBJECTIVE--To describe the identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected infants born to women who were seronegative or indeterminate during pregnancy. RESEARCH DESIGN--Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING--Inner-city medical center. PARTICIPANTS. A series of children born to women with histories of risk
Bennett JV; Rogers MF; Task Force for Child Survival and Development, Carter Center,; Atlanta, Ga 30307.
A mathematical model was developed to assess the effect of various assumed prevalence rates of maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on perinatally acquired HIV infections and child survival. The model indicates that for children younger than 5 years, countries with low baseline mortality rates will ex
Lepage P; Van de Perre P; Van Vliet G; Nsengumuremyi F; Van Goethem C; Kestelyn P; Msellati P; Hitimana DG; Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier de Kigali, Rwanda.
Sixteen human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive children aged 5 to 12 years (nine girls and seven boys), born to HIV-1-infected mothers, were diagnosed between 1984 and 1987 in Kigali, Rwanda . They were compared with a group of age- and sex-matched HIV-1-seronegati
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Nov 1;134(9):981-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92058970
Ho GY; Nomura AM; Nelson K; Lee H; Polk BF; Blattner WA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
This study examined the seroprevalence and transmission of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in Japanese families who originated in Okinawa, an area in which HTLV-I is endemic, and who were currently residing in Hawaii, a nonendemic area. Among a cohort of Japanese men whose sera were collected in Hawaii
Am J Hematol. 1991 Nov;38(3):238-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059006
Northfelt DW; Kaplan LD; Abrams DI; AIDS/Oncology Division, San Francisco General Hospital 94110.
A patient with HIV-related immune thrombocytopenic purpura (HIV-ITP) had a rapid rise in platelet count when treated with interferon-alpha 2b, 3 million units three times weekly. There were no significant toxicities with therapy. His platelet count fell to pretreatment levels when therapy was discontinued, then increa
Am J Nephrol. 1991;11(2):147-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059191
Jindal KK; Trillo A; Bishop G; Hirsch D; Cohen A; Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
A 37-year-old Caucasian male homosexual presented with hematuria and rapidly progressive acute renal failure. He was found to have proteinuria and microscopic hematuria as well as RBC casts. Investigations revealed polyclonal gammopathy with five times normal serum IgA levels as well as elevated serum IgG. Renal biops
Lindsay MK; Peterson HB; Willis S; Slade BA; Gramling J; Williams H; Klein L; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University,; Atlanta, GA.
To characterize the epidemiologic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in an urban prenatal population in the southeastern United States , we conducted serial routine voluntary antenatal human immunodeficiency virus antibody testing and obtained self-reported
Am J Pathol. 1991 Nov;139(5):1081-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059366
Gerber MA; Chen ML; Hu FS; Baskin GB; Petrovich L; Department of Pathology, Tulane University School of Medicine,; New Orleans 70112-2699.
Rhesus monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) develop a syndrome very similar to patients with acquired immune deficiency (AIDS), including liver disease. This prospective study was undertaken to define the pathology, course, and pathogenesis of liver disease in 20 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) af
Am J Psychother. 1991 Jul;45(3):413-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059588
Levine SH; Bystritsky A; Baron D; Jones LD; University of California, Irvine.
Patients were recruited from the UCLA AIDS Research Center who had previously been referred to psychiatry for participation in an open-label pilot treating patients with major depression with fluoxetine. They chose to participate in group therapy for continuing distress in coping with their HIV-seropositive status, di
Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1469-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059605
Metler R; Conway GA; Stehr-Green J; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
To assess the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN), we examined acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) case and seroprevalence data through December 1990. While AI/AN had a low 1990 reported AIDS case rate (4.0/100,000), the increase in diagnosed cases adjusted for
Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1498-505. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059615
Thomas SB; Quinn SC; Department of Health Education, University of Maryland, College; Park 20742.
The Tuskegee study of untreated syphilis in the Negro male is the longest nontherapeutic experiment on human beings in medical history. The strategies used to recruit and retain participants were quite similar to those being advocated for HIV/AIDS prevention programs today. Almost 60 years after the study began, there
Am J Public Health. 1991 Nov;81(11):1506-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059616
Anderson W; History and Sociology of Science Department of the University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6310.
During the past 5 years, the exchange of sterile needles and syringes for dirty injecting equipment has gained increasing acceptance outside the United States as a potential means of reducing the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among intravenous drug users. This
Am J Surg. 1991 Oct;162(4):324-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059700
Terry JH; Loree TR; Thomas MD; Marti JR; Department of Surgery, Brooklyn Hospital Center, New York 11201.
Presently, there is no consensus regarding the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approach to patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lymphoepithelial lesions of the major salivary glands. A retrospective review of 60 consecutive patients with lymphoepithelial lesions is presented. Thirty-
Anal Biochem. 1991 Aug 15;197(1):225-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059914
Hyland LJ; Meek TD; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, SmithKline Beecham; Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
We have demonstrated the use of a radioimmunoassay to quantitate the peptidolytic activity of human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) protease using a tetradecapeptide substrate of porcine renin, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-Ser. HIV-1 protease catalyzes cleavage of this substrate at the sa
Ann Emerg Med. 1991 Nov;20(11):1215-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92060196
Emerman CL; Dawson N; Speroff T; Siciliano C; Effron D; Rashad F; Shaw Z; Bellon EL; Department of Emergency Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center,; Cleveland, Ohio 44109.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To compare physician judgment in the use of chest radiographs for diagnosing pneumonia with decision rules developed by Diehr, Singal, Heckerling, and Gennis. DESIGN: Propsective observational investigation with preradiograph survey of physicians intent to order chest radiographs for patients presen
Am J Vet Res. 1991 Sep;52(9):1523-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92060235
Cheung AT; Gardner MB; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis; 95616.
The functional characteristics of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), considered to be the first line of host defense against infections, from rhesus macaques confirmed to have simian retrovirus (SRV)-induced simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS), were evaluated. The PMN from SRV antibody-positive macaques
Hill AR; Premkumar S; Brustein S; Vaidya K; Powell S; Li PW; Suster B; Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Brooklyn 11203.
To assess the influence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV)-induced immunodeficiency on the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of disseminated tuberculosis (TB), we studied 79 patients presenting in 1984 through 1987 with miliary or focal disseminated disease due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as
Ann Intern Med. 1991 Dec 15;115(12):936-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92060399
Wheat LJ; Connolly-Stringfield P; Blair R; Connolly K; Garringer T; Katz BP; Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis; 46202.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of Histoplasma capsulatum variety capsulatum polysaccharide antigen testing for the identification of histoplasmosis relapse in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN: A retrospective study using stored specimens. SETTING: A referral center and several pri
Stein DS; Stevens RC; Terry D; Laizure SC; Palte S; Lancaster DJ; Weems JJ; Williams CL; Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
We conducted an open prospective clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole given as one double-strength tablet thrice weekly for primary and secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in human immunodeficiency virus-infected (HIV+) patients. A total of 104
Hennessey NP; Parro EL; Cockerell CJ; Department of Dermatology, New York (NY) University Medical; Center.
Extrapulmonary infection with Pneumocystis carinii is an uncommon event in which the skin may be affected rarely. All cases heretofore described in immunocompromised hosts have involved the external auditory canal and mastoid areas. We describe two patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and extrapulmonary cu
de Martino M; Tovo PA; Galli L; Caselli D; Gabiano C; Mazzoni PL; Giacomelli A; Duse M; Fundaro C; Department of Paediatrics, University of Florence, Italy.
In a multicentre study on perinatal HIV-I infection including 1493 children born from 1471 pregnancies to 1415 infected mothers, 22 twin pairs and 56 sibships (115 children) were recorded. The frequency of twin pregnancies was 1.5 (22/1471) and 3.9% (56/1415) seropositive women had more than one at risk pregnancy. In
ANNA J. 1991 Oct;18(5):510-1, 514. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92061236
Holechek MJ
PROCRIT is an exogenous form of erythropoietin now marketed for use in anemic predialysis patients and AZT-treated HIV-positive patients. It is the same preparation as epogen. It will be up to the physician to determine which form of the drug is prescribed for each patient. Cost issues will probably be a deciding fact
Ann Surg. 1991 Nov;214(5):562-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92061259
Charache P; Cameron JL; Maters AW; Frantz EI; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
An anonymous survey of elective surgery patients was performed to assess prevalence of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a large urban hospital. Of 4087 patients evaluated, 18 (0.4%) were found to be infected with HIV as confirmed by a positive Western blot antibody test. Assessment of risk factors dem
Kassler WJ; Blanc P; Greenblatt R; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
The use of herbs has been advocated as an alternative treatment strategy for human immunodeficiency virus-related illness. To describe the use of medicinal herbs among acquired immunodeficiency syndrome clinic patients and to investigate possible toxic effects, we interviewed 114 randomly selected patients attending a
Authors report an unusual suicide undertaken by a medical person who after applying the local anesthetic lidocaine, opened a leg vein with a scalpel. The cause of the suicide was presumed advanced AIDS symptoms with a progressive Kaposi sarcoma and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. For the toxicological investigation of the tissu
Arch Sex Behav. 1991 Aug;20(4):381-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92061537
Cochran SD; Mays VM; Leung L; California State University, Northridge.
Epidemiologic patterns of reported AIDS cases suggest that at present Asian Americans in the United States are an ethnic minority group at lower risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection than blacks, Hispanics, or whites. Yet little is known empirically about the sexual beh
Aust N Z J Med. 1991 Jun;21(3):341-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92061784
Wood G; Wetzig N; Hogan P; Whitby M; Department of Infectious Diseases, Princess Alexandra Hospital,; Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
Serious and occasionally fatal reactions to pentamidine have been reported and with the increased use of the drug in immunocompromised patients they are likely to become more frequent. We report the development of acute pancreatitis and permanent diabetes mellitus in an AIDS patient treated with intravenous pentamidin
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Oct 31;180(2):1010-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92062037
de Rocquigny H; Ficheux D; Gabus C; Fournie-Zaluski MC; Darlix JL; Roques BP; Departement de Chimie Organique, U266 INSERM-UA498 CNRS UFR des; Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris, France.
The nucleocapsid protein (NC) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 plays a crucial role in the formation of infectious viral particles and therefore should be a major target for the development of antiviral agents. This requires an investigation of NC protein structure and of its interactions with both primer tR
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Oct 31;180(2):504-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92062067
Cole GA; Bauer G; Kirsten E; Mendeleyev J; Bauer PI; Buki KG; Hakam A; Kun E; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine,; University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201.
The effects of two adenosine diphosphoribose transferase (ADPRT) enzyme inhibitory ligands, 6-amino-1,2-benzopyrone and its 5-iodo-derivative, were determined in AA-2 and MT-2 cell cultures on the replication of HIV-1 IIIb, assayed by an immunochemical test for the HIV protein p24, and syncytium formation, characteris
Lipsky PE; Taurog JD; Harold C. Simmons Arthritis Research Center, University of Texas; Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 73235-8884.
The Second International Simmons Center Conference on HLA-B27-Related Disorders presented a number of new observations related to the molecular biology of the HLA-B27 molecule, its functional biology as a peptide-binding molecule, and the clinical implications of the association of B27 with the spondylarthropathies, a
De Rossi A; Mammano F; Del Mistro A; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, University of Padova, Italy.
Infection with human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with specific forms of tumours and neurological disorders, but the pathogenic activity of HTLV-II is not yet established. Moreover, due to high crossreactivity between the two viruses, differential diagnosis is not readily achieved. To discriminat
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Fall;3(3):207-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030674
Kauth MR; St. Lawrence JS; Kelly JA; Department of Psychology, University of Mississippi.
A review of 30 AIDS behavioral research studies revealed that almost half employed retrospective sexual activity assessment periods of 12 months or longer. The present study examined the correspondence between retrospective reports of sexual activity for 3 overlapping time-frames (past 2 weeks, past 3 months, and past
Diettrich NA; Kaplan G; Department of Surgery, Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago.
As the number of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases and their life-expectancy grows, more patients will present with conditions that require surgical intervention. Laparoscopic procedures provide several specific advantages over traditional (open) procedures in this population. For
Marino CT; McDonald E; Romano JF; Department of Medicine, St. John's Queens Hospital, Division of; the Catholic Medical Center of Brooklyn and Queens, Elmhurst, New; York 11373.
Cutaneous eruptions are commonly seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Seborrheic dermatitis in this patient population is usually more severe and difficult to diagnose and treat. The butterfly distribution of the rash and the interpretation of the biopsy may suggest a diagnosis of discoid lupus erythemat
Olsen NJ; Watson MB; Henderson GS; Kovacs WJ; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,; Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
The functional immunological consequences of thymic regeneration after castration were studied in adult male C57Bl/6 mice. Phenotypic profiles of thymocytes present in the enlarged thymuses of castrate animals demonstrated a significant decrease in the proportion of thymocytes positive for the suppressor/cytotoxic phe
EMBO J. 1991 Dec;10(12):3655-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92037526
Traunecker A; Lanzavecchia A; Karjalainen K; Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) uses cell surface CD4 as a receptor to infect susceptible cells. Therefore, different forms of soluble CD4 (sCD4) molecules have been developed recently for potential therapeutic purposes. Here we describe a novel design of sCD4 molecules which exploit cytotoxic T cells
Int Dent J. 1991 Oct;41(5):259-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040197
Watt RG; Croucher R; Department of Community Dental Health and Dental Practice,; University College, London, UK.
The aim of this study was to explore in depth a sample of dentists perceptions of HIV/AIDS in the context of an investigation into their feelings towards occupational hazards. To fulfil this aim a qualitative research method, the Repertory Grid Technique, was employed. Twenty-three dentists were involved in the study
Prior CR; Coghlan PJ; Hall JM; Jacobs P; Natal Blood Transfusion Service, Durban, South Africa.
Several in vitro measurements of immune function were examined retrospectively in a population of active long-term cytapheresis donors (group I; n = 50) and the results were compared to age- and sex-matched controls (group II; n = 50) who had donated only whole blood. In group I, significantly different mean absolute
Farnet CM; Haseltine WA; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts.
Linear viral DNA present in cytoplasmic extracts of cells newly infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 can be induced to form 1-LTR and 2-LTR circles by incubation of the extracts in the presence of added nucleoside triphosphates. No circular DNA forms are detected when extracts are incubated in the absence
Routes of HIV transmission among seropositive pregnant women were studied over a three year period in a nationwide multicenter study in France . A total of 2,346 cases were included: 666 in 1987, 809 in 1988 and 871 in 1989. The principal route of transmission was intravenous drug u
Pestre P; Sellier P; Bonnet E; Gallais H; Service des Maladies infectieuses, Hopital de la Conception,; Marseille.
A retrospective study of 22 bacteriologically documented cases of tuberculosis associated with HIV1 positivity was carried out in the department of infectious diseases of Marseille, south of France , a high prevalence area for HIV infection. Sixty-seven percent of the patients were
Demographic characteristics and lifestyle were studied among 200 HIV-seropositive women followed in a tertiary care obstetrics/gynecology center in Paris. Between 1985 and 1989, a detailed questionnaire was run by a specialized midwife. The study group, mostly comprised of pregnant women, was compared with the women d
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 1;88(21):9593-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052138
Connor RI; Dinces NB; Howell AL; Romet-Lemonne JL; Pasquali JL; Fanger MW; Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH; 03756.
Fc gamma Rs (Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma RII, and Fc gamma RIII) are highly expressed on human mononuclear phagocytes and function in the clearance of immune complexes and opsonized pathogens. We have examined the role of Fc gamma R in mediating antibody-dependent clearance of HIV-1 by human monocytes and monocyte-derived m
Merelli E; Sola P; Faglioni P; Giordani S; Mussini D; Montagnani G; Department of Neurology, University of Modena, School of; Medicine, Italy.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood (PB) lymphocyte subsets were determined by flow cytometry (FCM) in 15 patients with active multiple sclerosis (MS) and 15 patients with acute inflammatory diseases (ID) of the central nervous system (CNS) in order to establish correlations between the two groups of diseas
Salmaggi A; Baldetorp B; Milanese C; Nespolo A; Parma R; Sandberg-Wollheim M; Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Five patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) and three control patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated with dexamethazone during 14 days. The effect on peripheral blood T-cell subsets and on the proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) an
Sinkovics JG; Department of Medicine and Medical Microbiology, University of; South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa.
Viral genes capable of inducing vascular tumors in the skin of transgenic mice are the tat gene of HIV-1 and polyoma virus middle T antigen gene. Instead of vascular tumors, the tat gene of HTLV-I causes thymic atrophy and mesenchymal tumors in transgenic mice. No proof exists that any of these genes contribute to th
Esiri MM; Morris CS; Millard PR; University Department of Neuropathology, Radcliffe Infirmary,; Oxford, UK.
The brains of 22 HIV-1-infected cases and 11 controls, matched for age and sex, were studied with immunocytochemical reactions specific for oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia and HIV-1. In HIV-1 infection, mild degrees of myelin damage were associated with an increase in oligodendrocyte numbers, a change that was
Di Luca D; Secchiero P; Bovenzi P; Rotola A; Caputo A; Monini P; Cassai E; Institute of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Italy.
The transactivation induced by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) on the HIV-1 promoter was studied both in the presence and in the absence of the retroviral transactivator protein (Tat) constitutively expressed in Jurkat cells. Jurkat-tat cells were infected with HHV-6, transfected with a plasmid containing HIV-1 long termi
Safrin S; Ashley R; Houlihan C; Cusick PS; Mills J; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
We studied the natural history of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and its association with specific serum antibody in a sample of 68 HIV-infected patients with a first episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia at San Francisco General Hospital in 1986. Seroprevalence was 66 and 77% for HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibody, r
Andersen CB; Karkov J; Bjerregaard B; Visfeldt J; Department of Pathology, Herlev University Hospital, Denmark.
In order to evaluate the association between cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection and Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) at the cellular level, four classic KS, five endemic (African) KS and 55 epidemic KS from 12 patients with AIDS were analy
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Jun;7(6):511-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030378
Miller MA; Garry RF; Jaynes JM; Montelaro RC; Department of Microbiology, Louisiana State University, Baton; Rouge.
Although oncoviruses and lentiviruses replicate by similar mechanisms, they differ fundamentally in the usual fate of the infected host cell during productive natural infections. Oncoviruses typically establish persistent nonlytic infections in natural host cells, while lentivirus infections characteristically result
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Jun;7(6):545-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030382
Lau AS; Der SD; Read SE; Williams BR; Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital for Sick Children,; Canada.
High levels of an unusual acid-labile interferon (IFN) alpha in sera of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are associated with disease progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Since IFNs have been shown to enhance the cytotoxic actions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a potent m
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Jun;7(6):553-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030383
Hersh EM; Funk CY; Ryschon KL; Petersen EA; Mosier DE; Section of Hematology, University of Arizona Health Sciences; Center, Tucson 85724.
The effects of therapy with the immunomodulator diethyldithiocarbamate (DTC) on the manifestation and natural history of LP-BM5 murine retrovirus infection in adult C57 Black 6 mice was investigated. DTC itself, had limited effects on the spleen weight, serum IgM, or mitogen responses of the non-virus-infected control
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):689-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030391
Ho WZ; Ayyavoo V; Srinivasan A; Stinski MF; Plotkin SA; Gonczol E; Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Clonal lines of human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells, constitutively expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) tat gene (RD tat cell lines) showed enhanced expression of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate-early (IE) and late (L) proteins upon HCMV infection, as compar
Antela A; Fortun J; Navas E; Hermida JM; Fernandez-Munoz R; Guerrero A; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Ramon y Cajal,; Madrid.
We describe the guidelines used and the clinical and epidemiological data of a varicella outbreak seen in our service. The index case was a male drug addict, seropositive for HIV, with disseminated varicella. A total of 40 health care workers were in contact with the patient. Of them, 37 were considered not to be susc
Cancer. 1991 Dec 1;68(11):2460-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92034591
Guarner J; del Rio C; Carr D; Hendrix LE; Eley JW; Unger ER; Department of Pathology, University School of Medicine, Atlanta,; Georgia.
The authors studied all patients with serologic evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and malignant non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) that presented at a single hospital from 1982 to 1989. Sixteen patients were identified, all white homosexual men with a mean age of 3
Cancer. 1991 Dec 1;68(11):2473-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92034593
Arico M; Caselli D; D'Argenio P; Del Mistro AR; DeMartino M; Livadiotti S; Santoro N; Terragna A; Department of Pediatrics, Istituto Ricovero e Cura a Caratiere; Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico, S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Cancer has been closely associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but this is less frequent in children. Non-Hodgkin s lymphomas represent the most frequently reported single tumor. The authors report seven cases of malignant tumors resulting from the analysis of all (n = 1321) children enrolled in
Buffone GJ; Demmler GJ; Schimbor CM; Greer J; Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; 77030.
Cytomegalovirus can be detected in a variety of specimens including leukocytes, urine, saliva, feces, and various tissues by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of viral DNA. Although methods for amplification are fairly standard, sample preparation is not well characterized, especially for tissue. Typically
Moglia A; Zandrini C; Alfonsi E; Rondanelli EG; Bono G; Nappi G; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, IRCCS Policlinico S.; Matteo, University of Pavia, Italy.
Peroneal motor and sural sensory conduction velocities (MNCVs/SNCVs), somatosensory evoked potentials to median nerve stimulation (MN-SEPs) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) to transcranial stimulation were examined in 138 HIV-infected patients (in the different stages of the disease), 20 seronegative intravenous dru
Control Clin Trials. 1991 Aug;12(4):457-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92036436
Wacholder S; Lubin JH; Dosemeci M; Gail MH; National Cancer Institute, Epidemiology and Biostatistics; Program, Maryland, Bethesda 20892.
Hypothetical examples are presented that show that bias can result from misclassification of clinical outcomes defined as one of several events, even though the assessment of each component event was masked. In one example, the effect of the overall misclassification is to make a treatment that reduces the risk appear
Meduri GU; Stover DE; Greeno RA; Nash T; Zaman MB; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York.
To further improve the diagnostic value of bronchoscopy in the immunosuppressed population presenting with diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, we prospectively investigated the utility of bilateral bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We performed 62 bronchoscopies on 52 immunosuppressed patients. Of the 52 patients, 33 had pulmo
Chung Hua Min Kuo Wei Sheng Wu Chi Mien I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1991 Feb;24(1):10-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92036711
Chang KS; Chang Gung Medical Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,; Taiwan, R.O.C.
It is my great honor to dedicate this article to Professor Ludwig C. Yen at the occasion of the Annual Meeting of the Chinese Society of Microbiology, commemorating his 101st Birthday. I have had the privilege of being one of the earliest students of Professor Yen, and as a staff member working for 16 years under him,
Chung Hua Min Kuo Wei Sheng Wu Chi Mien I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1991 Feb;24(1):55-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92036717
Wu JS; Lu CF; Liu WT; Lin SY; National Institute of Preventive Medicine, Department of Health,; Executive Yuan, Taipei, R.O.C.
The prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was investigated among different populations in Taiwan , where anti-HCV was detected in 0.8% (24/2,994) of adult volunteer blood donors, 0.1% (1/1,305) of youngsters and ch
Chung Hua Min Kuo Wei Sheng Wu Chi Mien I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1991 Feb;24(1):61-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92036718
Tsai SJ; Chen CJ; Hsieh YS; Yang CS; Taipei Blood Center, Blood Services Foundation, Taiwan, ROC.
The epidemiologic characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Chinese voluntary blood donors in 18 cities and counties all over the Taiwan Island were studied. Serum specimens of 1,135 randomly selected voluntary bloo
Int J Addict. 1991 May;26(5):515-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040450
Facy F; Le Huede E; Ramirez HD; Unit 302, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Le; Vesinet, France.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in France in March 1988 to measure the impact made on drug abusers by educational campaigns concerning HIV transmission and the lifting of restrictions on the sale of syringes. Thirty-two drug-dependence centers provided a sample of 479 subje
Yamamoto JK; Ackley CD; Zochlinski H; Louie H; Pembroke E; Torten M; Hansen H; Munn R; Okuda T; Department of Medicine, MS-1A, School of Veterinary Medicine,; University of California, Davis 95616.
Two interleukin 2 ( IL-2 )-independent feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) producer cell lines (FL-4 and FL-6) were produced by selecting cells from an IL-2-dependent culture of mixed peripheral blood lymphocytes infected with FIV. The new cell lines have been stable for
Purtilo DT; Stevenson M; Department of Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,; Omaha.
DNA and RNA virus with immortalized lymphocytes are described including Epstein-Barr virus and HTLV-I. The roles of immune deficiency and genetic alterations occurring in a proliferating cell are also considered.
Takeuchi H; Baba M; Shigeta S; Department of Bacteriology, Fukushima Medical College, Japan.
A rapid and sensitive procedure was developed for in vitro evaluation of anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) agents. The procedure is based on spectrophotometrical assessment for viability of virus- and mock-infected cells via in situ reduction of a tetrazolium dye MTT, which has already been used for the detection of ant
Shimamura R; Ishibashi H; Morioka E; Teshima T; Kudo J; Hirata Y; Shibuya T; Niho Y; First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an HTLV-I associated lymphoid malignancy frequently seen in Japan . Abdominal involvement in 40 patients with ATLL were assessed by ultrasonography and the findings seen in four clinical types, acute, chronic, lymphoma and smoldering, were com
Davis K; Stapleton J; Department of Nursing, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics,; Iowa City.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of patient migration on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related healthcare use in a rural setting. DESIGN: Data were collected on all patients seeking medical care related to HIV infection at The University of Iowa HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) clinic. Information w
The interaction between synthetic peptides and A2.1 class I MHC molecules has been investigated using an inhibition of Ag presentation assay and unbiased peptide sets derived of either viral or eucaryotic origin. For the various sets, strong binding (defined as significant inhibition at the 30 micrograms/ml level) was
Smee DF; Burger RA; Coombs J; Huffman JH; Sidwell RW; Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State; University, Logan 84322.
Treatment of mice with cyclophosphamide causes immunosuppression and an enhancement of murine cytomegalovirus infection. In chemotherapy experiments, animals received cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg by intraperitoneal [ip] injection) every 3-4 days starting 1 day before viral challenge
Ryan ME; Jones L; Irvine P; Hodson KE; Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306-0265.
A model used by one school of nursing to implement HIV/AIDS policies, sequenced instructional opportunities, and a research-based evaluation process is described. In the evaluation phase, a study was undertaken to measure students retention of HIV/AIDS knowledge and their application of universal precautions (U.P.).
Ficarra G; Miliani A; Adler-Storthz K; Woods-Francis K; Del Mistro A; de Rossi A; Riccardi R; Ravina A; De Maio E; Institute of Odontology and Stomatology, University of Florence,; Italy.
Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) has been observed in all risk groups seropositive for HIV infection. Recently, this lesion has also been described in HIV-seronegative patients with immunosuppression of iatrogenic origin. We report on a HIV-1 and HIV-2 seronegative, heterosexual man affected by refractory anemia with ring
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):193-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045995
Ochs HD; Morton WR; Tsai CC; Thouless ME; Zhu Q; Kuller LD; Wu YP; Benveniste RE; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle 98195.
To develop a nonhuman primate model for maternal-fetal transmission of HIV infection, we have inoculated pregnant Macaca nemestrina with uncloned SIVMne. Three animals inoculated during the third trimester delivered healthy infants. One of the three infants, a male born 31 days after the mother was inoculated with SIV
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):201-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045996
Roodman ST; Woon MD; Hoffmann JW; Theodorakis P; Tsai CC; Wu HN; Tsai CC; Department of Pathology, St. Louis University School of Medicine,; MO 63104.
We investigated the role of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as an autocrine growth factor for the retroperitoneal fibromatosis (RF) cells present in macaques infected with the simian retrovirus type 2 (SRV-2). Elevated levels of IL-6 were found in serum of SRV-2 antibody-positive macaques, ascites from RF-positive animals, and R
Pandey R; Ghosh AK; Kumar DV; Bachman BA; Shibata D; Roy-Burman P; Department of Pathology, University of Southern California,; School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
An important question in feline leukemia virus (FeLV) pathogenesis is whether, as in murine leukemia virus infection, homologous recombination between the infecting FeLV and the noninfectious endogenous FeLV-like proviruses serves as a significant base for the generation of proximal pathogens. To begin an analysis of
Huang M; Simard C; Kay DG; Jolicoeur P; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Clinical Research Institute of; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Murine AIDS (MAIDS) is caused by a defective retrovirus which encodes a gag fusion protein (Pr60gag). We previously reported that this virus induced an oligoclonal proliferation of infected cells and suggested that this cell expansion was an important event in the pathogenesis of MAIDS. To identify these target cells,
Katoh I; Kyushiki H; Sakamoto Y; Ikawa Y; Yoshinaka Y; Department of Viral Diseases, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,; Tokushima, Japan.
The retrovirus precursor protein has an arrangement of several characteristic domains with which it achieves selective and efficient packaging of the genome RNA during particle assembly. In this study, we analyzed the composition of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) gag proteins and examined their RNA-binding properties
Cheng-Mayer C; Shioda T; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0128.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates display differences in a variety of in vitro biological properties, including the ability to infect different cell types, the kinetics of replication, and cytopathicity in the infected cells. Studies with isolates obtained from the same individual over time have sho
Cupelli LA; Lenz J; Department of Molecular Genetics, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
Sequences within the R components of the long terminal repeats (LTRs) of several retroviruses are known to be involved at various steps in expression of the viral genomes. A series of experiments was performed to test whether sequences within the R regions of the murine leukemia viruses Akv and SL3-3 affect viral expr
Koval V; Clark C; Vaishnav M; Spector SA; Spector DH; Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093-0116.
We have been studying the role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) as a potential cofactor in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related disease. The clinical relevance of HCMV is highlighted by the fact that it is a principal viral pathogen in patients with AIDS and is known to infect
Derse D; Carvalho M; Carroll R; Peterlin BM; Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201.
Transcriptional regulatory mechanisms found in lentiviruses employ RNA enhancer elements called trans-activation responsive (TAR) elements. These nascent RNA stem-loops are cis-acting targets of virally encoded Tat effectors. Interactions between Tat and TAR increase the processivity of transcription complexes and lea
Bode H; Rudin C; Bubl R; University Children's Hospital, Basel.
Stripes of high echogenicity in the basal ganglia of infants have been rarely observed on cerebral ultrasound. These lesions, which appear to be due to a non calcific vasculopathy, are caused, in the majority of cases, by congenital infections and trisomy 13. We describe four infants with the characteristic ultrasonic
We describe a case of an HIV-infected intravenous drug-abuser who died of progressive cytomegalovirus encephalitis despite successful treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis with ganciclovir. On autopsy, complete remission of retinitis and widespread cytomegalovirus-encephalitis cou
Yee JL; Jennings MB; Carlson JR; Lerche NW; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis.
Detection of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) antibodies has proved useful in a wide variety of research studies. Conventional immunoassays, however, are difficult to perform outside the well-equipped laboratory or under field conditions. We have developed an inexpensive, simple, rapid immunoassay for the detection
Lerche NW; Marx PA; Gardner MB; California Primate Research Center, University of California,; Davis 95616.
Type D retrovirus was successfully eliminated from an infected population of group-housed rhesus monkeys by serial testing of all animals for virus and antibody and subsequent removal of positives. This population of 53 rhesus had been housed together for 1 year prior to the initiation of the test and removal program,
Dupon M; Kosaifi T; Le Bail B; Lacut Y; Balabaud C; Bioulac-Sage P; Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hopital Pellegrin, CHU de; Bordeaux, France.
Liver biopsies were taken from ten AIDS patients. Liver architecture was normal in all patients. On 1-micron-thick sections stained with toluidine blue, all ten cases showed lipid overload of perisinusoidal cells (1 massive, 5 moderate and 4 mild) compared to 2/8 in control patients, who had mild lipid overload. Other
Med Lab Sci. 1991 Apr;48(2):142-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92048241
Kavallierou L; Bezirtzoglou E; Kapellou P; Spanaki S; Renieri N; 3rd Regional Blood Transfusion Center, General Hospital of; Athens, Greece.
An epidemiological study for detection of IgG and IgM antibodies against cytomegalovirus , Epstein-Barr virus and Herpes simplex virus was evaluated in a random population of apparently healthy Greek blood donors from which only HIV and HBV carriers were excluded. The prevalence of
Zhu Z; Hitchcock MJ; Sommadossi JP; Department of Pharmacology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
2 ,3 -Didehydro-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine (D4T) is a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with low hematological toxicity. In the present study, the cellular pharmacology of D4T was investigated in human bone marrow cells (BMC), in an attempt to understand the mechanism of the observed low bone marrow
Cochereau-Massin I; Lehoang P; Lautier-Frau M; Zazoun L; Marcel P; Robinet M; Matheron S; Katlama C; Gharakhanian S; Rozenbaum W; et al; Department of Ophthalmology, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere,; Paris, France.
Forty-four patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome with cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis (64 eyes) intolerant of or refusing systemic antiviral therapy received 710 intravitreal injections of ganciclovir at the dosag
Flint KJ; Jones NC; Gene Regulation Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund,; London, UK.
The ATF/CRE binding site can mediate transcriptional activation by cAMP, the adenovirus E1A protein and the human T-cell leukaemia virus 1 (HTLV1) tax protein. A large number of different proteins bind specifically to this element either as homodimers or as heterodimers. Using GAL4-ATF/CREB fusions, we have investigat
Protein Eng. 1991 Aug;4(6):695-700. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052070
Roberts MM; Copeland TD; Oroszlan S; Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis, ABL-Basic; Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development; Center, MD 21702-1201.
The proteolytic processing pathway of the nucleocapsid protein (NC) by the viral proteinase within intact capsids of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is presented. The cleavage sites are located at the carboxyl side of the first cysteine residue within the zinc-finger domains. EIAV is used as a model to predict s
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 15;88(22):10018-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052201
Kessler M; Mathews MB; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY 11724-2208.
We examined the activation of transcription from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) promoter by the viral Tat protein in a transient expression system. Plasmids contained a HIV-reporter gene cassette and a simian virus 40 origin of DNA replication. Run-on assays of transcription complex distribution and a
Lopez-Bazzocchi I; Hudson JB; Towers GH; Division of Medical Microbiology, University of British Columbia,; Vancouver, Canada.
The polycyclic compound hypericin, a known photodynamic agent, was investigated for antiviral activity in the presence and absence of light. The three viruses tested: murine cytomegalovirus ; Sindbis virus; and human immunodeficiency virus type 1, were all susceptible to hypericin;
AMB Rev Assoc Med Bras. 1991 Apr-Jun;37(2):79-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92053351
Rodrigues JL; Leser P; Silva T do M; dos Santos MI; Dalboni MA; Acceturi CA; Castelo Filho A; Esc. Paul. de Med., Sao Paulo.
During the period February 1987-June 1988, we examined 542 stool samples of 271 HIV positive patients both with and without full-blown AIDS. One hundred patients with either acute or chronic diarrhea and 180 patients without diarrhea were studied. The stool samples were examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium sp.
Since 1986 the factor VIII and IX concentrates of the Central Laboratory, Swiss Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service have been virus inactivated with tri-(n-butyl) phosphate and Tween 80. Clinical studies had shown that both preparations were well tolerated and hemostatically effective; no HIV infection was transmitted
Science. 1991 Nov 8;254(5033):815-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054574
Garcia-Blanco MA; Cullen BR; Section of Cell Growth, Regulation, and Oncogenesis, Duke; University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
Several human viruses are able to latently infect specific target cell populations in vivo. Analysis of the replication cycles of herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human immunodeficiency virus suggests that the latent infections established by these human pathogens primarily result from a lack of host fact
Abrams DI; AIDS Activities Division, San Francisco General Hospital, CA; 94110.
As we enter the second decade of confronting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced disease, progress in the prophylaxis and treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related opportunistic infections is encouraging. While the infectious manifestations of HIV become more manageable, AIDS-related malign
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1991 Oct 20;111(25):3083-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92055608
Waal H; Knutsen T; Welle-Strand G; Akuttinstitusjonen for stoffmisbrukere, Oslo.
The Norwegian policy on methadone maintenance is restrictive. Support is given to needle dispensing programmes, HIV testing and drug rehabilitation programmes. In contrast, the central health authorities have opposed any methadone treatment except for methadone maintenance for HIV infected drug abusers with immune def
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1991 Jul;28(3-4):183-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92056460
Pardi D; Hoover EA; Quackenbush SL; Mullins JI; Callahan GN; Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523.
We used a panel of in vitro assays to investigate the nature of immune dysfunction in cats infected with FeLV-FAIDS, a naturally occurring, molecularly cloned feline leukemia virus (FeLV) isolate which induces a fatal immunodeficiency syndrome in infected cats. During the asymptomatic period preceding immunodeficiency
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1991 Aug;29(1-2):1-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92056474
Tenorio AP; Franti CE; Madewell BR; Pedersen NC; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of; Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Two hundred and twenty-six cats from the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (VMTH), a cat shelter, and a purebred cattery were tested for chronic feline calicivirus (FCV), feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infections. Chronic oral carriage of FCV was present in about one-fifth of t
Am J Med. 1991 Nov;91(5):471-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059103
Connolly KJ; Allan JD; Fitch H; Jackson-Pope L; McLaren C; Canetta R; Groopman JE; Section of Infectious Disease, New England Deaconess Hospital,; Boston, Massachusetts.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and hematologic tolerance of 2 -3 -dideoxyinosine (didanosine, ddI) in subjects with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex and prior hematologic intolerance to zidovudine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A Phase I trial with two dose groups at a single-center, universi
Am J Ophthalmol. 1991 Nov 15;112(5):567-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059327
Gardner BP; Margolis TP; Mondino BJ; Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles; Medical Center.
Infection with Epstein-Barr virus has been reported to have numerous systemic and ocular manifestations. In this study, a 38-year-old man with acute infectious mononucleosis was examined for a painless left red eye of three days duration. The patient had a two-week history of fatigue, low-grade fever, sore throat, an
Am J Public Health. 1991 Sep;81(9):1185-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059634
Yancovitz SR; Des Jarlais DC; Peyser NP; Drew E; Friedmann P; Trigg HL; Robinson JW; Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY 10003.
BACKGROUND. Interim methadone maintenance has been proposed as a method of providing clinically effective services to heroin addicts waiting for treatment in standard comprehensive methadone maintenance programs. METHODS. A clinic that provided initial medical evaluation, methadone medication, and AIDS education, but
Am J Vet Res. 1991 Sep;52(9):1551-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92060241
Detilleux JC; Freeman AE; Miller LD; Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, School of; Veterinary Medicine, Ames 50011.
One hundred and fifty lactating Holstein cows from 2 genetic lines selected for high and average milk production were used in the study. Sera from 6 annual herd tests were analyzed by agar-gel immunodiffusion test for antibodies to bovine leukemia virus. Odds of being seropositive were analyzed by use of stepwise and
Gardner MB; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis; 95616.
Infection of captive macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and domestic cats with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), both discovered in the last five years, represent excellent animal models for infection of humans with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Protection against challenge infection and pr
AORN J. 1991 Sep;54(3):576-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92060988
This document has been developed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) to update recommendations for prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the health-care setting. Current data suggest that the risk for such transmission from a health-care worker (HCW) to a
Hussain LA; Kelly CG; Hecht EM; Fellowes R; Jourdan M; Lehner T; Department of Immunology, United Medical School, Guy's Hospital,; London, UK.
The rectal mucosa is one of the routes of transmission of the HIV virus, although the mechanism of transmission is unknown. We carried out an immunohistological investigation of human rectal epithelium to detect CD4 glycoprotein and Fc receptors (FcR) for immunoglobulin G which may be involved in HIV infection. CD4 wa
Int Immunol. 1991 Sep;3(9):933-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031269
Roederer M; Staal FJ; Osada H; Herzenberg LA; Herzenberg LA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, CA 94305.
Maintenance of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels has been implicated in blocking cytokine-stimulated HIV replication in vitro, in both acute and latent infection models. We demonstrate here that subsets of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells differ substantially in mean GSH levels, as measured on a cell-by-c
Carbohydr Res. 1991 Jun 25;213:79-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92034835
Gattegno L; Sadeghi H; Saffar L; Bladier D; Clerget-Raslain B; Gluckman JC; Bahraoui E; Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Faculte de Medecine; Paris-Nord, Bobigny, France.
The effect of carbohydrate structures on the adsorption of HIV-1 or of recombinant envelope glycoprotein gp 160 (rgp 160) to cells of the CEM line was investigated with an indirect immunofluorescence assay using gp 120-specific mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed to envelope gp 120. The beta-D-galactosyl, alph
Drug Chem Toxicol. 1991;14(3):257-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92037214
Coplan PM; Nolan LL; School of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst; 01003.
Eleven medications used in the treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus or subsequent opportunistic infections were tested to determine their toxicity to the growth of the CEM line of transformed CD4+ T-cells. A selectivity ratio (IC50/EC50) for each agent against its target pathogen was calculated as an in vitro
A highly sensitive method for protein visualization following electrophoresis and protein blotting was developed. The method is based on the light-emitting reaction of luminol and hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase. The luminescent assay can be applied either to the native gel or after protein blott
Beck JM; Liggitt HD; Brunette EN; Fuchs HJ; Shellito JE; Debs RJ; Respiratory Care Section, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical; Center, San Francisco, California 94121-1598.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS may result from impaired local release of gamma interferon from lung lymphocytes and subsequent failure of macrophage activation. We tested this hypothesis with mice rendered immunodeficient by selective depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes and inoculated intratracheally w
Int J Cancer. 1991 Nov 11;49(5):764-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92040381
Suga T; Kameyama T; Kinoshita T; Shimotohno K; Matsumura M; Tanaka H; Kushida S; Ami Y; Uchida M; Uchida K; et al; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba,; Ibaraki, Japan.
A human T-cell line producing human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), MT-2, was injected intravenously into female F344 rats aged 5 weeks to make HTLV-I carrier rats. Antibody against HTLV-I was detected at the 5th week after MT-2 injection, and its titer reached a high plateau which continued from the 15th to th
Tang SB; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0128.
HIV-1 was found sensitive to inactivation by low concentrations of trypsin. The use of trypsin was valuable for assessing non-specific binding of HIV virions to CD4+ cells. This effect was also helpful for eliminating input virus in experiments studying HIV infection of cells in vitro.
Holodniy M; Katzenstein DA; Israelski DM; Merigan TC; Center for AIDS Research, Stanford University Medical Center,; California 94305.
Cell-free HIV RNA in plasma was detected and quantitated after antiviral therapy by the polymerase chain reaction. RNA was extracted from plasma, reverse transcribed to cDNA, amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and quantitated by absorbance based on an enzyme-linked affinity assay. 72 HIV antibody-positive subject
To assess the knowledge of hospital doctors about patients at increased risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B virus, and the precautions they took during phlebotomy in such patients, an anonymous postal questionnaire was sent to all 307 hospital doctors working at two District Genera
Jacobson MA; Fusaro RE; Galmarini M; Lang W; University of California, San Francisco.
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its interconvertible sulfate derivative (DHEA-S) are human androgenic steroids that have been reported to inhibit viral expression and have been associated with a decreased risk of cancer. The relationship between serum DHEA and DHEA-S levels and subsequent progression to AIDS was inv
Sha BE; Harris AA; Benson CA; Atkinson WL; Urbanski PA; Stewart JA; Williams WW; Murphy RL; Phair JP; Levin SA; et al; Department of Medicine, Rush Medical; College/Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago,; Illinois 60612.
One hundred five asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive adults were screened for measles antibody. Ages ranged from 21 to 59 years (mean, 35.7). CD4+ lymphocyte counts (range, 76-1137/mm3), percentage of CD4+ cells (6-42), CD4:CD8 ratio (0.08-1.3), measles antibody titers by EIA, and undocumented histo
Jacobson MA; Hopewell PC; Yajko DM; Hadley WK; Lazarus E; Mohanty PK; Modin GW; Feigal DW; Cusick PS; Sande MA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
This study sought to better characterize the natural history of AIDS-associated disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection. Towards that end two retrospective studies were done: a case-control survival study and a MAC respiratory colonization study. Among 137 consecutive patients who had a sterile body s
Kohno T; Sakoda I; Suzuki M; Izumi A; Ishikawa E; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Miyazaki, Japan.
An immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay for (anti-human T-cell leukemia virus type I) IgG (anti-HTLV-I IgG) in serum using a synthetic peptide, cys-gag p19(100-130), is described. Anti-HTLV-I IgG in test serum, which had been incubated with excess of inactive beta-D-galactosidase to eliminate interference by ant
de Martino M; Tovo PA; Galli L; Gabiano C; Cozzani S; Gotta C; Scarlatti G; Fiocchi A; Cocchi P; Marchisio P; et al; Department of Pediatrics, University of Florence, Italy.
Neutrophil, lymphocyte, and T-cell subset numbers and immunoglobulin levels were evaluated at birth to age 2 years in 675 children born to mothers infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (58 infected symptom-free subjects (P-1), 203 infected subjects with symptoms (P-2), and 414 uninfected subjects). The
Gornitsky M; Clark DC; Siboo R; Amsel R; Iugovaz I; Wooley C; Iuliani N; Chan EC; Dental Department, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital,; Montreal, PQ.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated gingivitis (HIV-G) and HIV-associated periodontitis (HIV-P) are two intraoral lesions manifested by patients with HIV infection. Periodontal indices were measured for 87 subjects in 5 study groups: HIV-seropositive patients with healthy periodontium (HIV-H), with HIV-G, or
Melnick SL; Hannan P; Decher L; Little JW; Rhame FS; Balfour HH Jr; Volberding P; Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of; Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015.
Determining the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection based on cellular and clinical markers has become increasingly important. Although a number of studies have shown a relationship between the presence of certain oral lesions and progression to AIDS, few data exist regarding the associat
Ohki K; Kishi Y; Nishino Y; Sumiya M; Kimura T; Goto T; Nakai M; Ikuta K; Section of Serology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
A defective doughnut-shaped human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-producing cell clone (designated as L-2) was isolated from persistently HIV-1-infected MT-4 cells. The syncytium-forming capacity of the cell and virus particle fractions was examined in human CD4-positive T cells. Several cell lines producing inf
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):206-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045997
Rosenberg YJ; White BD; Papermaster SF; Zack P; Jarling PB; Eddy GA; Burke DS; Lewis MG; Henry M. Jackson Foundation Research Laboratory, Rockville, MD; 20850.
In contrast to pig-tailed and cynomolgus macaques, which die in 6-10 days following infection with the SIV-PBj-14 isolate, only about 50% of rhesus succumbed to rapid disease. Using a CD45RA MAb that delineates memory (CD45RAlo), naive (CD45RAmed) and activated (CD45RAhi) T-cell subsets, it was seen that PBMC from pig
Ghazal P; Young J; Giulietti E; DeMattei C; Garcia J; Gaynor R; Stenberg RM; Nelson JA; Department of Immunology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla,; California 92037.
The major immediate-early (IE) promoter of human cytomegalovirus directs the expression of several differentially spliced and polyadenylated mRNAs that encode isoformic proteins with apparent molecular masses of 55, 72, and 86 kDa. All of these proteins are potent transcriptional r
Lancet. 1991 Nov 2;338(8775):1096-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92047823
Giesecke J; Ramstedt K; Granath F; Ripa T; Rado G; Westrell M; Department of Epidemiology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Since 1985, partner notification has been part of Swedish policy to prevent the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Potentially infected partners of a newly diagnosed seropositive patient are notified either by the index patient or by the physician and referred for counselling. The efficacy of this
Lancet. 1991 Nov 2;338(8775):1107-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92047826
Young LS; Wiviott L; Wu M; Kolonoski P; Bolan R; Inderlied CB; Kuzell Institute for Arthritis and Infectious Diseases, Medical; Research Institute of San Francisco, California 94115.
Mycobacterium avium complex infection is common in patients with AIDS. Experimentally infected mice have been treated successfully with azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic. We report an uncontrolled phase I study in which male homosexuals with AIDS and M avium complex disease were given 500 mg azithromycin per day or
Lancet. 1991 Nov 9;338(8776):1159-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92047874
Simmonds P; Beatson D; Cuthbert RJ; Watson H; Reynolds B; Peutherer JF; Parry JV; Ludlam CA; Steel CM; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Markers of immune function present before infection may determine the subsequent course of disease in HIV-infected individuals. In 1983, we measured immune function in a group of haemophiliacs in Edinburgh. In 1984, 18 of these patients became infected with HIV-1 from contaminated factor VIII. We have followed-up thes
Lancet. 1991 Nov 23;338(8778):1305-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92047981
Murray CJ; DeJonghe E; Chum HJ; Nyangulu DS; Salomao A; Styblo K; Center for Population Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge,; Massachusetts 02138.
The value of programmes to control pulmonary tuberculosis in developing countries remains the subject of debate. We have examined the cost-effectiveness of chemotherapy programmes for the control of pulmonary sputum-smear-positive tuberculosis in Malawi ,
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1991 Nov 9;135(45):2129-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92049911
van Doornum GJ; van den Akker R; Buitenwerf J; Kroes AC; Coutinho RA; Lelie PN; Rijksinstituut Voor Volksgezondheid en Milieuhygiene,; Laboratorium voor Virologie, Bilthoven.
By comparing data from the HIV confirmation laboratories it could be established that in the period prior to February 1991 a HIV-2 infection was demonstrated in at least 18 persons in the Netherlands . Consequently, use of combined HIV-1/2 tests is urgently recommended for scre
Perrella O; Carrieri PB; Izzo E; Marotta A; Liberti A; Soscia M; Buscaino GA; D. Cotugno Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Naples, Italy.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum concentration of beta-2-microglobulin (beta-2-m) were evaluated in 30 patients in various stages of HIV-1 infection. CSF beta-2-m and CSF/serum ratio were significantly higher in patients with neurological complications respect to asymptomatic subjects. These findings indicate that
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 1;88(21):9838-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052186
Pantaleo G; Graziosi C; Butini L; Pizzo PA; Schnittman SM; Kotler DP; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
The total number of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes is considered to be a reflection of the HIV burden at any given time during the course of HIV infection. However, the low frequency of HIV-infected circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes and the low level or absence of plas
Science. 1991 Nov 15;254(5034):963-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92054605
Nowak MA; Anderson RM; McLean AR; Wolfs TF; Goudsmit J; May RM; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.
Longitudinal studies of patients infected with HIV-1 reveal a long and variable incubation period between infection and the development of AIDS. Data from a small number of infected patients show temporal changes in the number of genetically distinct strains of the virus throughout the incubation period, with a slow b
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1991 Jul;28(3-4):327-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92056470
Dean GA; Quackenbush SL; Ackley CD; Cooper MD; Hoover EA; Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523.
We report a rapid, reliable method for the immunophenotype analysis of feline lymphocytes. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated to murine monoclonal antibodies f43, Fel 7 and fCD8 was used to identify phenotypes corresponding to feline T-cells, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells. For isolation of white blood cells,
Ikeda T; Yamamoto K; Takahashi K; Kaneyuki H; Yamada M; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Yamaguchi University School of; Medicine, Ube, Japan.
In this study, we investigated the differences in the incidence rate of human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) and interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of 13 women who were diagnosed clinically as having Alzheimer s disease (AD group), and 13 healthy women with no mental disorders (control g
Marrero M; Alvarez M; Millan JC; Mas Lago P; Soler M; Diaz M; Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Pedro; Kouri, Havana City, Cuba.
Three acyclovir resistant strains of HSV-2 were isolated from mucoulcerative lesions in a patient suffering from AIDS in whom the oral and intravenous acyclovir treatment was unsuccessful. All the isolates were classified by monoclonal antibodies and showed no differences in DNA
Chang PI; Rutlen DL; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
The effect of beta-adrenergic agonists on splanchnic intravascular volume (SIV), measured with radionuclide imaging, and the subsequent influence of such volume changes on cardiac output (CO) were examined in 40 anesthetized dogs. Isoproterenol (6 micrograms/min) caused a decrease in total SIV of 12 +/- 1% (P less tha
Am J Dermatopathol. 1991 Oct;13(5):445-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92059811
Smith KJ; Skelton HG 3d; James WD; Frissman DM; Barrett TL; Angritt P; Lupton GP; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C.
The papular eruption (PE) associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection, although described as a distinctive clinicopathologic entity, has shown a wide range of histologic findings ranging from eosinophilic folliculitis to granuloma annulare. We examined 48 cases of the PE in order to define the histologic sp
Ito M; Baba M; Shigeta S; De Clercq E; Walker RT; Tanaka H; Miyasaka T; Department of Bacteriology, Fukushima Medical College, Japan.
1-[(2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT) has recently proved to be a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in vitro. Combinations of HEPT and recombinant alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) synergistically inhibit the replication of HIV-1 in MT-4 cells at non-toxic conc
D'Souza MP; Durda P; Hanson CV; Milman G; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
In a National Institutes of Health (NIH)/ World Health Organization (WHO)-sponsored collaboration, 26 laboratories characterized a coded panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to HIV-1 envelope protein. The MAb were evaluated by serological [radioimmunoprecipitation, immunoblot, enzyme-li
Polyanionic compounds were used to inhibit infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro. Suramin, Evans blue, and Trypan blue were shown to inhibit syncytia formation normally observed when HIV-1-infected cells are cocultured with CD4+ cells. The inhibition was more pronounced with Evans blue than with any of
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):657-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030387
Neurath AR; Strick N; Fields R; Jiang S; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center,; New York 10021.
The positions of all 9 intrachain disulfide bonds within the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) have been established recently. Peptides expected to mimic some of the disulfide-bonded domains [(120-133)-(203-221); (133-138)-(164-203); (224-254); (391-425) and (385-392)-(425-452)] w
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):663-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030388
Lal RB; Griffis KP; Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA 30333.
The primary amino acid sequences derived from the gag, pol, and env gene products of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II) and the env protein of simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I) were aligned and computer algorithms were used to predict B- and T-cell epitopes. Structural
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):707-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030393
Pal R; Mumbauer S; Hoke GM; Takatsuki A; Sarngadharan MG; Department of Cell Biology, Advanced BioScience Laboratories,; Kensington, MD 20895.
The processing and secretion of the envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were studied in chronically infected T cells and in primary macrophages treated with an antiviral antibiotic brefeldin A (BFA). BFA blocks the egress of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and has a profound e
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 Aug;7(8):713-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92030394
Langlois AJ; Weinhold KJ; Matthews TJ; Bolognesi DP; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
Sensitive and reproducible assays for SIV infection and syncytium formation have been developed in which high titers of neutralizing and fusion-inhibiting antibodies can be recorded. These assays will contribute toward our understanding of the role of humoral responses in SIV vaccine strategies.
Bessell EM; Punt J; Firth J; Hope T; Holland I; Lowe J; Department of Clinical Oncology, Nottingham General Hospital, UK.
Ten patients were diagnosed as having primary non-Hodgkin s lymphoma of the central nervous system at University Hospital, Nottingham, between September 1986 and April 1989. None had clinical evidence of HIV-1 infection. All the patients started treatment with chemotherapy (BVAM),
Biochemistry. 1991 Oct 29;30(43):10498-506. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031492
Dudding LR; Nkabinde NC; Mizrahi V; Molecular Biology Unit of the South African Institute for Medical; Research, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School,; Johannesburg.
The RNA- and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities of two point mutants of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase lacking ribonuclease H activity have been compared to the wild-type enzyme activities using substrates consisting of an oligodeoxynucleotide primer hybridized to either a RNA or a DNA template. The RNase H phenotyp
Biochemistry. 1991 Nov 5;30(44):10614-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031507
Krug MS; Berger SL; Section on Genes and Gene Products, National Cancer Institute,; NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The binding of substrates to recombinant reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the natural enzyme from avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) has been examined by analyzing both the ribonuclease H and the RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities. With 3 -end-labeled globin mRNA hybridized to (dT)1
Biochemistry. 1991 Nov 5;30(44):10623-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92031508
Sobol RW; Suhadolnik RJ; Kumar A; Lee BJ; Hatfield DL; Wilson SH; Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140.
Properties of primer recognition by purified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) p66 homodimer have been investigated. Earlier studies had shown that RNA-directed DNA synthesis catalyzed by HIV-1 RT proceeds by an ordered mechanism in which template-primer combines with the free enzy
Caruthers MH; Beaton G; Cummins L; Graff D; Ma YX; Marshall WS; Sasmor H; Norris P; Yau EK; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado,; Boulder 80309-0215.
Dithioate DNA was synthesized and used for various biochemical studies. Results from these studies indicate that dithioate DNA is a potent inhibitor of HIV Reverse Transcriptase, activates endogenous RNase H in HeLa cell nuclear extracts, and is a useful probe for studying protein-DNA interactions.
EMBO J. 1991 Dec;10(12):3905-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92037554
Le Grice SF; Naas T; Wohlgensinger B; Schatz O; Central Research Units, F. Hoffmann-LaRoche Ltd, Basel,; Switzerland.
We have purified and determined functional parameters of reconstituted, recombinant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) heterodimers within which either the p66 or p51 polypeptide was selectively mutated in one or both aspartic acid residues constituting the proposed polymerase active site (-Y-M-D-D-). Heterodimers conta
Arguments are presented leading to the conclusion that two major factors contribute to the potency of inhibition of DNA-polymerase activity by chain-terminating nucleotides. The relative significance of these factors varies with the reaction conditions, particularly with the length of the template and the concentratio
Hosp J. 1991;7(1-2):31-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92039574
Martin JP
Hospice administrators and clinicians face many complex issues regarding the treatment of persons terminally ill with AIDS, at one end of the spectrum of HIV disease. Among these issues are: whether the hospice model applies to persons with AIDS; at what point does the person with AIDS receive palliative rather than c
Evans DB; Brawn K; Deibel MR Jr; Tarpley WG; Sharma SK; Department of Biochemistry, Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo,; Michigan 49001.
We report here a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombinant ribonuclease H (RNase H) domain engineered to contain an N-terminal tag for its isolation by affinity chromatography. The purified protein is active in hydrolyzing RNA-DNA hybrids in two separate in vitro assay systems. In light of recent reports
Gulakowski RJ; McMahon JB; Staley PG; Moran RA; Boyd MR; Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, NCI-FCRDC,; Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland.
We are implementing a series of complementary assays for initial follow-up confirmation and prioritization of new active anti-HIV compounds identified by the U.S. National Cancer Institute s large-scale in vitro primary anti-HIV screen. Two different kinds of cellular viability assays, in addition to specific assays f
J Immunol. 1991 Nov 15;147(10):3560-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92043729
Mills KH; Barnard AL; Williams M; Page M; Ling C; Stott EJ; Silvera P; Taffs F; Kingsman AS; Adams SE; et al; National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters; Bar, Herts, UK.
We have examined the induction and epitope specificity of T cells for the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) gag p27 protein in macaques immunized with either a recombinant SIV gag protein or an inactivated SIV vaccine. CD4+ MHC class II-restricted T cell lines and clones derived from five immunized macaques recogniz
Kuroda Y; Takashima H; Ikeda A; Endo C; Neshige R; Kakigi R; Shibasaki H; Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Japan.
Fourteen patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy were treated with high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin (IVGG). Ten received 10 g/day of IVGG and 4 received 400 mg/kg of body-weight/day of IVGG for 5 consecutive days. Improvement of spastic paraparesis was observed in 10 within 7 days of the commencement of IVGG. Th
Prince HE; Jensen ER; Cellular Immunology Laboratory, American Red Cross Blood; Services, Los Angeles/Orange Counties Region, California 90006.
Previous studies have shown that CD8 cell subsets, some expressing activation markers, are elevated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To assess the overlap of these subsets, we used three-color flow cytometry to phenotype CD8 cells in cryopreserved mononuclear cells from uninfected controls and from peo
Zauli G; Re MC; Furlini G; Giovannini M; La Placa M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Bologna, Italy.
The effect of HIV-1 on the in vitro growth of CD34+ cells, purified from bone marrow of normal donors, was studied. HIV-1 treated CD34+ cells exhibited a progressive and significant decrease of cell viability in liquid cultures and a reduced percentage of committed progenitors in the absence of viral infection. The sa
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):167-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/X527323
Khan AS; Galvin TA; Jennings MB; Gardner MB; Lowenstine LJ; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Analysis of molecularly cloned DNAs of SIVs isolated from Asian rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta; SIVmac) and pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina; SIVmne) has indicated a high degree of sequence homology between these viruses. Thus SIVmac and SIVmne might have originated from the same or very closely related viruses.
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):177-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045992
Malley A; Werner L; Benjamini E; Leung CY; Torres J; Pangares N; Shiigi S; Axthelm M; Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton 97006.
Synthetic envelope peptides of a simian retrovirus (SRV-2) were used to define both T- and B-cell epitopes of the envelope protein. The SRV-2 peptide 100-106 specifically blocks rhesus anti-SRV-2 neutralizing antibody activity, and a peptide 100-106 keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugate induces a strong antipeptide anti
J Med Primatol. 1991 Jun;20(4):218-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92045999
Torres JV; Werner LL; Malley A; Benjamin E; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
We previously demonstrated that the area encompassing residues 147-162 of the envelope protein of simian retrovirus serotype-1 (SRV-1) is the target for rhesus anti-SRV-1 neutralizing antibodies. A peptide representing amino acids 142-167 of envelope protein (gp70) is capable of inducing virus-neutralizing antibodies
Powers R; Clore GM; Bax A; Garrett DS; Stahl SJ; Wingfield PT; Gronenborn AM; Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes; and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
The solution structure of the ribonuclease H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase has been investigated by three-dimensional double and triple resonance heteronuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The domain studied has 138 residues and comprises residues 427 to 560 of the 66 kDa reverse transcriptase with an addi
Hansen JE; Nielsen C; Arendrup M; Olofsson S; Mathiesen L; Nielsen JO; Clausen H; Department of Infectious Diseases 144, Hvidovre Hospital,; Denmark.
The cancer-related mucin-type carbohydrate neoantigen Tn was found on gp160 and gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against Tn neutralized infection with cell-free virus and blocked fusion between HIV-infected and uninfected cells. This inhibition wa
Arima N; Molitor JA; Smith MR; Kim JH; Daitoku Y; Greene WC; Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke; University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
The Tax protein of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) serves as a potent transcriptional activator of its own long terminal repeat as well as select cellular genes, including interleukin-2 and the alpha subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor. Tax activation of these two growth-related genes appears to invo
Le Grice SF; Panin M; Kalayjian RC; Richter NJ; Keith G; Darlix JL; Payne SL; Division of Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University; School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44016.
A 1.67-kb segment of the equine infectious anemia virus pol gene, encoding a 66-kDa reverse transcriptase (RT), was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Recombinant RT, purified by a combination of metal chelate affinity chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography, displays both RNA-dependent DNA polymerase an
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 1;88(21):9573-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052134
Popik W; Pitha PM; Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-mediated transactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) provirus was studied in cell lines containing either integrated tat-defective HIV-1 provirus (HNHIVdt4 cells) or the tat-defective HIV-1 provirus, and a plasmid in which the expression of human alpha 2 inter
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT), an important therapeutic target in the treatment of AIDS, is effectively inhibited by a class of nonnucleoside analog compounds that includes nevirapine (BI-RG-587) and tetrahydro
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 15;88(22):10134-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M80734
Burton DR; Barbas CF 3d; Persson MA; Koenig S; Chanock RM; Lerner RA; Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La; Jolla, CA 92037.
A panel of human monoclonal antibody Fab fragments has been generated against the surface glycoprotein gp120 of type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by antigen selection from a random combinatorial library expressed on the surface of filamentous phage. The library was prepared from 5 ml of bone marrow from an asy
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 15;88(22):10277-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92052253
Takahashi K; Dai LC; Fuerst TR; Biddison WE; Earl PL; Moss B; Ennis FA; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical; Center, Worcester 01655.
A HLA-A3.1-restricted CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell clone, E7.20, that lyses cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 was isolated from an infected individual. The epitope was localized to amino acids 768-778 (RLRDLLLIVTR, NL43 env sequence) of the cytoplasmic domain of gp41 by successive use of a panel of reco
Zimmer C; Daeschlein G; Patt S; Weigel K; Institute of Neuropathology, Steglitz Medical Center, Free; University of Berlin, FRG.
The colloidal gold method using polyclonal antitoxoplasma antibodies was used to detect Toxoplasma organisms in stereotactic brain biopsies of patients with AIDS. For comparison, conventional histologic staining and additional other immunohistochemical methods were also studied in the same cases. Compared to the other
Gill PS; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern; California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is a malignant neoplasm that develops in 20% to 30% of all acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases. Kaposi s sarcoma primarily involves the skin, but can progress to involve the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and liver. alpha-Interferon alone or in combination with zivoduvine has activity
Konigsrainer A; Dietze O; Habringer C; Krausler R; Klima G; Margreiter R; Department of Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, University; of Innsbruck, Austria.
Reliable and timely rejection diagnosis still represents a major problem of pancreas allotransplantation. The aim of this study was to confirm the clinical findings of exocrine function impairment and pancreatic juice cytology during rejection, to refine the latter by means of flow cytometry, and to correlate these ch
Van Aerschot A; Laboratorium voor Farmaceutische Scheikunde, Katholieke; Universiteit Leuven.
About 40 new 2 ,3 -dideoxynucleoside analogues with different basic structures have been synthetized with the aim of finding more potent and selective inhibitors of HIV and the associated pathogenicity. Some new synthesis techniques were developed and existing ones were used for the preparation of these analogues. Amo
Gluckman JC; Yagello M; Bahraoui E; Girard M; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Deficits; Immunitaires, Cervi, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris,; France.
Ferry JA; Pettit CK; Rosenberg AE; Harris NL; James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories, Massachusetts General; Hospital, Boston 02114.
When fungi infect the bone marrow, typically they are associated with granuloma formation and/or necrosis, and the fungi are found within histiocytes or admixed with necrotic debris. Recently two bone marrow biopsy specimens were encountered in which fungi were confined to the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes, a finding no
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Oct 31;180(2):496-503. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92062066
Buki KG; Bauer PI; Kun E; Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, San; Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA 94920.
Purified adenosine diphosphoribose transferase protein binds to RNA-DNA hybrid templates of reverse transcriptase at the DNA primer site and inhibits RT activity of HIV and MMu RTs. This action is prevented by auto-poly-ADP-ribosylation of the transferase but is reinduced by inhibitory ligands of the enzyme.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Nov 14;180(3):1365-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/92062167
Thomas DA; Furman PA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North; Carolina, Chapel Hill 27514.
The reverse transcriptase of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) was partially purified from virus particles and appeared to be a heterodimer with subunit molecular masses of 70 kdal and 59 kdal. The polymerase activity of this enzyme had an absolute requirement for a divalent cation, preferring Mg++ over Mn++. Addi
Reiter M; Bluml G; Gaida T; Zach N; Unterluggauer F; Doblhoff-Dier O; Noe M; Plail R; Huss S; Katinger H; Institute of Applied Microbiology (IAM), University of; Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.
We describe the design and demonstrate the application of a modular integrated fluidized bed bioreactor system. Basically the system is a reactor vessel equipped with an extending cylinder and a liquid distributor plate. Instead of an external recirculation loop, as used in existing fluidized bed systems, a low shear
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