Acute primary HIV-1 infection (API): risk of developing AIDS.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1992. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Acute primary HIV-1 infection (API): risk of developing AIDS.

Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo17 (abstract no. MoC 0063). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400017
Sinicco A; Sciandra M; Lucchini A; Fora R; Caramello P; Gioannini P; Inst. of Infect. Dis., Univ. of Turin, Italy.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the risk of developing AIDS after API. PATIENTS AND METHODS: from 9/85 to 9/91 we enrolled 134 newly infected subjects (NI) in a prospective study. Only NI who had a previous negative HIV test in the 12 months preceding seroconversion were admitted to the study. The 134 NI were divided in two groups; group A: 23 NI were directly observed during an API; group B: 111 NI were asymptomatic seroconverters. In group B the time of seroconversion was estimated as the mid-point between last and first positive HIV-1 antibody result. Life tables were used to calculate the annual incidence rate of AIDS and Kaplan Meier analysis product limit method to determine survival curves. RESULTS: sexual transmission of HIV-1 infection was significantly higher in group A than in group B (X: = 16.86; p = .00001). IVDUs were rarely affected by API and presented with a milder symptomatology. NI observed with API had a significantly higher risk of developing AIDS than group B (68% at 56 m versus 20% at 66 m; p = .026). Low CD4+ counts at the onset of API and delayed seroconversion in ELISA were associated with evolution to AIDS (p = .04 and p = .01). During the follow-up, group A patients were more likely to show an early fall of CD4+ cell count below 200/microliters than group B patients (p = .026). CONCLUSION: The route of transmission may play a role in determining the appearance of API. The risk of developing AIDS after API is significantly higher. This observation suggests an early antiviral treatment as a possible measure to control the disease progression.

Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*EPIDEMIOLOGY Acute Disease Human HIV Infections/COMPLICATIONS/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION HIV Seropositivity/EPIDEMIOLOGY *HIV-1 Life Tables Prospective Studies Risk Sex Behavior Substance Abuse, Intravenous/COMPLICATIONS Survival Rate ABSTRACT
921230
M92C5330

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