1992

HIV infection and legal concerns. [videorecording]: [Oakland, Calif.] : Kaiser Permanente, [1990] 1 videocassette (49 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in (Medicine in the nineties) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9201348A
When the physician is HIV positive. [videorecording]: [Oakland, Calif.] : Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, c1991 1 videocassette (50 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in (Medicine in the nineties) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9201378A; Wolfe E
Women and HIV infection. [videorecording]: [Oakland, Calif.] : Kaiser Permanente, [1991] 1 videocassette (47 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in (Medicine in the nineties) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9201379A; Wolfe E
Bloodborne pathogens standard for environmental workers. [videorecording]: [Tucson, Ariz.] : Medfilms, c1992 1 videocassette (10 min., 30 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9201346A; Reeter AK
[Comment eviter le SIDA, syndrome d'immunodeficience acquise : une information complete, des conseils utiles, des reponses a toutes vos questions.]: Kigali, Rwanda : Croix-Rouge rwandaise, [1987?] 30 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9214864
AIDS bulletin : report from Institute of Actuaries, AIDS Working Party.: [London?] : The Institute, v. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215297
African madness. 1st ed.: New York : A.A. Knopf : Distributed by Random House, 1988 xviii, 202 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215274; Shoumatoff A
Health services research methodology : a focus on AIDS : conference proceedings.: Rockville, MD (OASH, Parklawn Building, Room 18-12, Rockville 20857) : National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment, Public Health Service, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, [1989] vii, 205 p. : ill (DHHS publication ; no. (PHS) 89-3439) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215160; Sechrest L; Freeman HE; Mulley AG; Technology Assessment (U.S.)
New perspectives on HIV-related illnesses : progress in health services research : conference proceedings, Miami, Florida, May 17-19, 1989.: Rockville, MD (OASH, Parklawn Building, Room 18-12, Rockville 20857) : National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment, Public Health Service, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, [1989] vii, 215 p. : ill (DHHS publication ; no. (PHS) 89-3449) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215197; LeVee WN; Technology Assessment (U.S.)
[El:SIDA : un reto a la sanidad, la sociedad, y la etica.]: Madrid : UPCM, 1989 160 p. : ill (Dilemas eticos de la medicina actual ; 3) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215068; Gafo Fernandez J
[Zu einer sozialen Atiologie von AIDS : der soziologische Beitrag zur Krankheitserklarung.]: Bremen : Universitat Bremen, [1989] 132 p (Bremer soziologische Texte ; Bd. 3) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215652; Koch V
Women and infants at risk for HIV infection : guidelines and protocols for prevention and care.: Project Development. Office of Maternal and Child Health [San Francisco : The Project, 1990?] v, 92 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9214787
[El:SIDA : medicina y etica.]: Madrid : Palabra, c1991 173 p (Libros MC) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215626; Alberola I
Women, AIDS & communities : a guide for action.: New York, NY : Women's Action Alliance ; Metuchen, N.J. : Scarecrow Press, c1991 xi, 129 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215648; Pearlberg G
Cocaine, AIDS, and intravenous drug use.: New York : Haworth Press, c1991 124 p. : ill (Journal of addictive diseases, ISSN 1055-0887 ; v. 10, no. 4) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215332; Friedman SR; Lipton DS; Stimmel B
[Homosexualites et sida : actes du colloque international, 12 et 13 avril 1991.]: Lille : Cahiers Gai-Kitsch-Camp, [1991?] 267 p (Cahiers Gai-Kitsch-Camp. Universite, ISSN 0998-4372 ; 4) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215422; Pollak M
AIDS crisis in America : a reference handbook.: Santa Barbara, Calif. : ABC-CLIO, c1992 xvi, 268 p (Contemporary world issues) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9214842; Hombs ME
Multicultural human services for AIDS treatment and prevention : policy, perspectives, and planning.: New York : Haworth Press, c1992 122 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9214975; Morales J; Bok M
Abstracts of papers presented at the 1991 meeting on modern approaches to new vaccines : including prevention of AIDS, September 19 - September 23, 1991.: Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, [1991?] xxxi, 132 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9214817; Brown F
Atlas of the neuropathology of HIV infection.: Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1993 xxiii, 290 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9214640; Gray F
Women, children, and HIV/AIDS.: New York : Springer Pub. Co., c1993 xv, 312 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215891; Cohen FL; Durham JD
AIDS : problems and prospects. 1st ed.: New York : W.W. Norton, c1993 viii, 162 p. : ill (A Hospital practice book) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9215695; Corey L
LENTINAN AS A HOST DEFENSE POTENTIATOR (HDP): Int J Immunotherapy; 5(4):145-54 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92668381; Chihara G; Maeda YY; Suga T; Hamuro J; Biotechnology Res. Center, Teikyo Univ., Kawasaki 213, Japan; Lentinan, a (1----6); (1----3)-beta-D-glucan having marked antitumor activity in syngeneic and autochthonous hosts, appears to represent HDPs which can improve the physiological constitution of the host against cancer and various kinds of infections, unlike so-called biological response modifiers. HDPs can restore or
ACTIVITY OF LENTINAN AGAINST CANCER AND AIDS: Int J Immunotherapy; 5(4):203-13 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92668386; Kaneko Y; Chihara G; Taguchi T; Ajinomoto Co. Inc., 5-8 Kyobashi, 1-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104,; Japan; Lentinan is a purified polysaccharide composed exclusively of glucose units with a beta(1----3) linkage as the main chain and a beta(1----6) linkage as the branched chain. Based on the results of animal experiments, the antitumor activity of lentinan is assumed to be due to potentiating the activity of the host defens
PERCUTANEOUS GASTROSTOMY: INDICATIONS, TECHNIQUES, AND COMPLICATIONS: Gastrointestinal Radiology Reviews. Volume 1. Herlinger H and Megibow A, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 15-24, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92668996; Ho CS; Yee AC; Dept. of Radiology, Toronto General Hosp., Toronto, Ontario,; Canada; In 1983, several radiologists independently described a nonendoscopic method of percutaneous gastrostomy using the Seldinger technique under fluoroscopic control. The technique, indications, complications, and related aspects of this type of percutaneous gastrostomy are reviewed. The major indication for percutaneous
IMUTHIOL, A T-CELL SPECIFIC IMMUNOPOTENTIATOR: Int J Immunotherapy; 6(1):25-35 1990. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92669937; Renoux G; Renoux M; Immunology Lab., Faculty of Medicine, 37032 Tours, France; Imuthiol (Institut Merieux, Lyon, France ), purified sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (Ditiocarb, DTC), evinces distinctive properties, not actually shared by other biologicals. Imuthiol recruits T cells from precursors and activates T-cell functions, including interleukin-2 production
CMV RETINITIS IN THE AIDS PATIENT: AIDS Updates; 3(3):1-12 1990. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92669953; Resta S; Wolitz R; Merigan TC; Div. of Infectious Diseases, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA; Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) belongs to the herpes viruses and shares with the other members of this family of viruses some basic characteristics. CMV retinitis in the patient (pt) with AIDS is reviewed, including ocular manifestations in AIDS, clinical manifestation and treatment
KAPOSI'S SARCOMA IN HIV-NEGATIVE HOMOSEXUAL MEN [LETTER]: Lancet; 335(8682):168-9 1990. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92688101; Friedman-Kien AE; Saltzman BR; Cao Y; Nestor MS; Mirabile M; Li JJ; Peterman TA; Dept. of Microbiology, New York Univ. Medical Center, New York,; NY 10016; Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) was rarely seen in the United States before 1980. An aggressive type of KS has become widespread during the HIV/AIDS epidemic, mainly affecting homosexual men. 349 homosexual or bisexual men with biopsy proven KS seen in a university hospital-based dermatology pra
CNS LYMPHOMAS IN AIDS PATIENTS: NEURORADIOLOGY AND NEUROPATHOLOGY (MEETING ABSTRACT): Neuroradiology; 33(Suppl):S116 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92686318; Berkefeld J; Hacker H; Lang C; Schlote W; No affiliation given; The CT and MRI morphology of 30 cases with CNS lymphomas in AIDS patients was reviewed and compared with histological findings. Surprisingly, CT and MRI showed a bright spectrum of appearances, ranging from solid, nodular tumors to necrotic masses and very irregular types of spreading, which can mimic glioblastoma or
GADOLINIUM ENHANCEMENT OF THE CISTERNAL PORTION OF THE OCULOMOTOR NERVE: CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE (MEETING ABSTRACT): Neuroradiology; 33(Suppl):S151 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92686342; Marx AS; Blake P; Ross M; Atlas S; Brown D; Washington Hosp. Center, Washington, DC; Gadolinium enhancement of the 2nd, 5th and 7th cranial nerves on MRI has recently been described in patients (pts) with respective cranial neuropathies. We report 10 pts with enhancement of the cisternal portion of the 3rd nerve. 50 control pts referred for pituitary microadenomas were also studied with coronal pre- a
MRI AND NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF ADULT T-CELL LEUKEMIA (MEETING ABSTRACT): Neuroradiology; 33(Suppl):S160 1991. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92686345; Dumas JL; Visy JM; Brugieres P; Lhote F; Vassel P; Amouroux J; Goldlust D; Inst. of Tropical Neurology, Dept. of Medicine, Limoges, France; Our purpose was the MRI assessment of a lumbosacral localization of adult T-cell leukemia with HTLV-1 infection and search of CNS-associated involvement. Materials and methods: A 21-yr-old woman from Ivory Coast presented a meningoradiculopathy with adult T-cell leukemia-like
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF KAPOSI'S SARCOMA IN NEW SOUTH WALES PRIOR TO THE AIDS EPIDEMIC (MEETING ABSTRACT): Clinical Oncology Society of Australia Inc. Annual Scientific Meeting: From Laboratory to Clinic--an Integrated Approach to Cancer Research and Therapy. December 4-6, 1991, Sydney, Australia, p. 75, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92686657; Kaldor J; Coates M; Taylor R; Natl. Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Res., Sydney, New; South Wales, Australia; The role of immunosuppression in Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) has been established through the observation of KS in transplant recipients and the occurrence of KS as a manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). More recently, it has been proposed that an infectious agent other than the human immunodefici
ABDOMINAL SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH AIDS-RELATED LYMPHOMAS (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A17 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92680748; Jarrin G; Kemeny M; Lee M; St. Vincent's Medical Center, New York, NY 10011; In a retrospective chart review at St. Vincent s Hospital, 231 cases of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) were admitted between 1986 and 1991 and 90 of these pts were known to be HIV antibody-positive. These cases of NHL were predominantly extranodal with 44 pts presenting with abdomina
IMPLANTATION OF THE PAS PORT VENOUS ACCESS DEVICE IN THE ONCOLOGY CLINIC BY A MEDICAL ONCOLOGIST (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A1384 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682113; Leming PD; Christ Hosp. Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219; The PAS Port (Pharmacia Deltec, Inc.) is a low-profile titanium venous access port designed to be implanted under the skin in the forearm and attached to a catheter threaded into the superior vena cava/atrium. Between August 1989 and November 1991, 78 attempts at placement using the Seldinger technique and minor surgi
QUALITY OF LIFE (QL) ASSESSMENT IS PREDICTIVE OF SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS (PTS) WITH AIDS-RELATED MALIGNANCIES (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Soc Clin Oncol; 11:A1424 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92682153; Remick S; Blanchard C; Portuese E; Wighten T; Powell D; Hilstro J; McSharry J; Haase R; Albany Medical Coll., Albany, NY 12208; A total of 43 pts (25 KS + 18 NHL), enrolled in 2 chemotherapy protocols, completed 2 QL scales: Functional Living Index Cancer (FLIC) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) at time of on-study. Clinical variables recorded for each pt included age, sex, performance status (PS), tumor stage, B-symptoms (BS), prior opportuni
ROLE OF ADF/THIOREDOXIN IN SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION MECHANISMS: INVOLVEMENT IN CELLULAR PROLIFERATION (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A2090 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92684627; Biguet C; Wakasugi N; Wakasugi H; Tursz T; Laboratoire de Biologie des Tumeurs Humaines, URA 1156 CNRS,; Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; We have shown that ADF (adult T-cell leukemia [ATL]-derived factor) is produced and released at high levels by both HTLV-I-infected ATL cells and EBV-immortalized B lymphocytes. ADF is the human equivalent of the disulfide-reducing enzyme thioredoxin (TRX). Recombinant ADF alone or in synergy with other cytokines, suc
ISOLATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF A BIPHENOTYPIC CELL LINE FROM A PATIENT (PT) WITH MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A2100 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92684633; Banerjee R; Bekesi JG; Deak G; Strauchen J; Holland JF; Acs G; Mount Sinai Sch. of Medicine, Dept. of Biochemistry, New York, NY; 10029; We isolated a cell line from the pleural exudate of a pt with myeloplastic syndrome exhibiting chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. After 3 generations, in vitro cells were mostly immature T cells (TCR gamma/delta+) containing myeloid marker CD15 but neither CD13 nor CD33. The cells are tumorigenic in nude mice, causing s
CATABOLISM OF 2',3'-DIDEHYDRO-2',3'-DIDEOXYTHYMIDINE (D4T) IN ISOLATED HEPATOCYTES AND IN RHESUS MONKEYS (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A3253 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92685792; Sommadossi JP; Zhou Z; Hitchcock MJ; McClure HM; el Kouni M; Cretton E; Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294; The present study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo catabolic fate of D4T, a novel anti-HIV agent. Following a 2-hr exposure of hepatocytes to 10 uM [3H]D4T, the predominant intracellular catabolite was beta-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), representing 16% of the radioactivity by 90 min. Thymine levels decreased to 0.5
TGF-BETA: MULTIFUNCTIONAL EFFECTOR AND RESPONSE PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH CARCINOGENESIS (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A580-1 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92687914; Roberts AB; Kim SJ; Sporn MB; Lab. of Chemoprevention, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892; The ability of TGF-beta to inhibit the growth of most epithelial and lymphoid cells suggests that one of the mechanisms whereby these cells undergo carcinogenic transformation and escape from normal growth control might involve an altered response to this negative regulator. Characterization of the response pattern to
CLINICAL INSIGHTS IN HIV-RELATED MALIGNANCIES (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A591 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92687930; Kaplan MH; Dept. of Medicine, North Shore Univ. Hosp., Manhasset, NY 11030; HIV infection not only produces severe immunodeficiency, but also has produced an epidemic of lymphoma and Kaposi s sarcoma as well as other neoplastic conditions. We have been following 1530 HIV-infected patients (pts). We have recorded the appearance of the following neoplastic conditions: Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) +/-
CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS REVEAL NOVEL PROTO-ONCOGENES (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A603-4 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92687947; Korsmeyer SJ; Dept. of Medicine, Washington Univ. Sch. of Medicine, St. Louis,; MO 63110; Bcl-2 is a 25-kD integral mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death without promoting cell division. The t(14;18) chromosomal breakpoint found in follicular B-cell lymphoma juxtaposes Bcl-2 with the Ig heavy chain gene, resulting in marked overproduction of Bcl-2. Transgenic mice bearing a Bcl-2
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF HEMATOPOIETIC GROWTH FACTORS: Immunol Ser; 49:359-78 1990. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92669152; Steward WP; Scarffe JH; Dexter TM; Testa NG; Dept. of Medical Oncology, Paterson Inst. for Cancer Res.,; Christie Hosp. and Holt Radium Inst., Manchester, UK; Growth factors play a major role in the control of hemopoiesis. Recombinant DNA technology recently has allowed the production of sufficient amounts of five of these for use in clinical testing: erythropoietin, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte CSF (G-CSF), macrophage CSF, and inte
DEOXYCYTIDINE DEAMINASE-RESISTANT FORM IS THE ACTIVE FORM OF +/-2',3'-DIDEOXY-3'-THIACYTIDINE (+/- SDDC) FOR THE INHIBITION OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A2385 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92685587; Chang CN; Doong SL; Zhou JH; Skalski V; Chu CK; Cheng YC; Dept. of Pharmacology, Yale Univ., New Haven, CT 06510; In culture, +/-SddC was found to have potent activity against HIV as well as human HBV. The -form (-SddC), which is resistant to deoxycytidine deaminase, was found to be the more active antiviral stereo isomer and less toxic than the +form (+SddC) in terms of anti-cell growth and antimitochondrial DNA synthesis. The -
INTERFERON THERAPY IN CANCER: Principles of Cancer Biotherapy. Second Edition. Oldham RK, ed. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 363-93, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92686022; Goldstein D; Laszlo J; Rudnick SA; Smalley RV; Center for Immunology, Sydney, Australia; Interferon (IFN) was first characterized in 1957, but clinical trials only began in the 1970s. Data from large-scale trials did not support the notion of widespread efficacy of IFN, but rather delineated a clearer, but narrower, role. The potential mechanisms of action of IFNs as direct antineoplastic agents and as im
CUTANEOUS T-CELL, HTLV-1-ASSOCIATED NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMAS (MEETING ABSTRACT): Dublin 91: Joint Annual Scientific Meeting and Exhibition of the Royal College of Radiologists and the Faculty of Radiologists, the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. September 25-28, 1991, Dublin, Ireland, p. 135, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92686426; Bunn PA Jr; Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Medical Oncology, Univ. of Colorado; Cancer Center, Denver, CO; The Working Formulation classification of non-Hodgkin s lymphomas does not include most of the T-cell lymphomas. The cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are low-grade lymphomas, which include mycosis fungoides and the Sezary Syndrome. The malignant cells have a mature helper T-cell phenotype (CD2+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8-) and low ex
HIV-RELATED MALIGNANCIES (MEETING ABSTRACT): Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Cancer Res; 33:A590-1 1992. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92687929; Levine AM; Div. of Hematology, Univ. of Southern California Sch. of; Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033; Organ transplantation, with subsequent iatrogenic immunosuppression and chronic antigenic stimulation may be seen as a model by which to begin the study of AIDS-related malignancies. Thus, patients (pts) who have undergone allogeneic transplantation are at increased risk for certain tumors, including Kaposi s sarcoma
Age accelerates the progression from HIV-seroconversion to AIDS in women. Italian Seroconversion Study (HIV-ISS).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo10 (abstract no. MoC 0033). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399985; Rezz G; Pezzotti P; Dorrucci M; Angarano G; Castelli F; Sinicco A; Costigliola P; Canessa A; Pristera R; Zerboni R; et al; OBJECTIVES: To estimate the risk of developing AIDS for women compared to that of men, and to identify predictors of clinical progression in women. METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal study, enrolling individuals for whom the seroconversion period could be estimated (i.e. availability of a negative serological test a
Gender differences in the natural history of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo10 (abstract no. MoC 0030). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399986; Szabo S; Miller LH; Sacks HS; Gurtman AC; Rose DN; Kee RA; Cheung TW; Cohen SE; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY.; OBJECTIVE: To compare the natural history of HIV infection in men and women. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 149 HIV infected women (HW) and 111 HIV infected men (HM) registered in the Infectious Disease clinic from 8/87 to 7/91 at an inner city tertiary care center. RESULTS: 149 HW age 33 +/- 7.6 yrs (mean +/-
Gender differences in the spectrum of HIV disease. ARCA Spectrum of Disease Working Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo10 (abstract no. MoC 0032). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399987; Creagh T; Thompson M; Morris A; Whyte B; AIDS Research Consortium of Atlanta, Inc., Georgia.; OBJECTIVE: To determine gender differences in the spectrum of HIV disease in adults. METHODS: All HIV-infected adults (greater than 13 yrs) entering the office or clinic of a participating site between February 1, 1990 and December 1, 1990 were eligible for enrollment. Thirty-two private practitioners (Internal Medici
Gender, HIV-related clinical events, and mortality: preliminary observational data from the community programs for clinical research on AIDS (CPCRA).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo10 (abstract no. MoC 0031). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399988; Melnick S; Sherer R; Hillman D; Rodriguez E; Lackman C; Capps L; Korvick J; Vermund S; Carlyn M; Deyton L; Division of AIDS, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVES: Possible gender differences in HIV-associated clinical events and mortality may have care implications. Gender differences were assessed using observational data collected on 843 women (20%) and 3,359 men (80%) from 17 CPCRA centers. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data were collected at least every 6 mo
Sexually transmitted diseases and HIV among young Thai men.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo10 (abstract no. MoC 0028). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399989; Eiumtrakul S; Matanasarawoot A; Tulvatana S; Celentano D; Nelson K; Wright N; Chiang Mai University.; OBJECTIVE: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have been identified as risk factors for heterosexually transmitted HIV infection in numerous epidemiologic studies. While studies of heterosexual transmission in the USA have suggested a low efficiency of HIV transmission, the rate of heterosexual transmission appears t
What proportion of HIV infections are attributable to genital ulcers in sub-Saharan Africa?: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo10 (abstract no. MoC 0029). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399990; Hayes RJ; Schulz KF; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.; OBJECTIVES: The heterosexual transmission of HIV is assumed to be facilitated in the presence of other STDs, but the strength of this effect, and the proportion of HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa attributable to the presence of STDs, are unknown. This study considers problems in the estimation of this cofactor ef
Natural history of HIV-1 infection in African women: a prospective cohort study in Kigali (Rwanda), 1988-1991.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo11 (abstract no. MoC 0035). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399991; Msellati P; Leroy V; Lepage P; Hitimana DG; Mukamabano B; Van Goethem C; Van de Perre P; Dabis F; INSERM U. 330, Bordeaux, France.; OBJECTIVES: 1) To evaluate prospectively morbidity and mortality in a cohort of HIV-1 infected women. 2) To compare these features with those of a cohort of HIV-uninfected women. METHODS: In the context of a study on perinatal transmission of HIV-1, we enrolled at delivery 215 HIV seropositive (HIV+) and 216 HIV seron
Women with HIV disease: clinical progression and survival in a cohort followed at a university medical center.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo11 (abstract no. MoC 0034). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399992; Benson C; Sha B; Urbanski P; Pottage J; Kessler H; Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical progression and overall survival following the diagnosis of HIV infection in a cohort of women followed at a university medical center. DESIGN: Single site, longitudinal, observational study. METHODS: Women evaluated in the HIV Treatment Program at Rush were included if they were se
A model of HIV transmission by syringe sharing in English prisons using surveys of injecting drug users.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo12 (abstract no. MoD 0038). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399993; Dolan K; Medley G; Stimson GV; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, University of; London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To construct a model of HIV transmission and the effects of prevention strategies by using survey data and HIV prevalence data for IDUs. METHOD: Assume: each IDU only has access to one syringe at a time and IDUs (n) using a syringe share it randomly. Probability of transfer of infection when an uninfected
A strategy for the control of HIV infection in African prison establishments.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo12 (abstract no. MoD 0041). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399994; Simooya OO; Maboshe MN; Hira SK; Mukunyandela MN; In 1987/8, a survey was conducted in 5 Zambian Prison Institutions, to establish; (1), sexual habits and practices, (2) seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection and (3), incidence of venereal disease amongst Prison inmates. Specifically, it was designed to determine whether or not homosexuali
Prisoners with HIV/AIDS and TB/MDR-TB: the epidemic within the epidemic. Analysis, demographics and treatment access in New York state corrections facilities.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo12 (abstract no. MoD 0036). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399995; Machon SC; Correctional Assoc. of NY/ACT U.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: The rapid escalation of HIV caseload in jails and prisons has also been accompanied by an even faster escalating number of diagnosed cases of TB. In addition is the number of mortalities linked to MDR-TB for the HIV infected, which approaches 100%. In NY State, and particularly NY City, the open door be
Program for the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in Spanish prisons.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo12 (abstract no. MoD 0037). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399996; Diez M; Martin L; Granados A; ISSUE/PROBLEM: In the last few years the number of intravenous drug users (IVDU) has increased in Spanish prisons. Since intravenous drug use is a known risk factor for HIV infection, the Spanish Prison Health Service implemented in 1989 a Program for the Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS in Spanish prisons. DESCRIPT
The policy response to HIV in prisons worldwide.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo12 (abstract no. MoD 0039). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399997; Hammett T; Harding TW; Egger S; Heilpern H; Abt Associates, Cambridge, MA.; OBJECTIVES: This paper compares actual prison policies on HIV disease with WHO s recommendations (1987). METHODS: Data are from surveys for WHO (Harding, 42 nations), US Justice Dept. (Hammett, US and Canada ), and the Australian Dept. of Community Services and Health (Egger and Hei
Women in prison: information and solidarity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo12 (abstract no. MoD 0040). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399998; Mazzola E; Ronconi S; Terzi M; DAI, Donne AIDS Informazione, Torino, Italy.; PROBLEMS: In Italian prisons there are a great number of drug addicts (34% of prisoners), 30% of them are seropositive. The spread of HIV inside prisons is increasing rapidly, also because of the lack of prevention projects. Prisoners with HIV/AIDS are isolated and stigmatizated. Among them, women are the most isolate
A monoclonal antibody which blocks infection with feline immunodeficiency virus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo13 (abstract no. MoA 0042). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92399999; Hosie MJ; Willett BJ; Dunsford TH; Neil JC; Jarrett O; OBJECTIVES: Although cells expressing the feline homologue of CD4 (fCD4) are highly susceptible to infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), it has been shown that FIV infects fCD4- cells, such as feline macrophages, astrocytes and fCD8+ T-cells. Similarly, HIV has been shown to infect various CD4- cell line
HIV-specific immune responses in rabbits immunized with HIV-like particles and recombinant vaccinia virus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo13 (abstract no. MoA 0045). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400000; Hesselton RM; Mazzara GP; Panicali D; Sullivan JL; University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate immune responses to a trivalent recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine which expresses three HIV-1 (IIIB) genes (env, gag, and pol). In addition we evaluated immune responses to HIV-1 pseudovirion particles produced in mammalian cells infected with the trivalent vaccine. METHODS: Rabbits were prime
Membrane fusion induced by the HIV-1 env glycoprotein.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo13 (abstract no. MoA 0047). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400001; Blumenthal R; Golding H; Broder CC; Berger EA; Puri A; Willey RL; Martin MA; Dimitrov DS; NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVES: To gain insight into initial steps of entry of HIV into cells. METHODS: Membrane fusion of HIV-1 with CD4+ cells was measured by spectrofluorometry and infection assays. HIVenv-mediated cell fusion and syncytia formation is monitored by image enhanced fluorescence video microscopy following infection of ce
Molecular characterization of a panel of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing, CD4 binding site directed human anti-gp120 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo13 (abstract no. MoA 0046). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400002; Marasco WA; Bagley J; Posner M; Dillon P; Rosen C; Robinson J; Haseltine WA; Sodroski J; New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA.; Two classes of neutralizing antibodies (Abs) are elicited against HIV-1 in infected humans: type-restricted and broadly reactive. The best characterized of the type-restricted Abs are those directed against the V3 loop. Envelope glycoprotein variation within the V3 loop and outside the loop can allow for escape of vir
Potency and broadness of neutralization of HIV-1 by alpha-V3 MAbS is enhanced by synergy with CD4 and cell killing with alpha-CD3 MAbS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo13 (abstract no. MoA 0043). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400003; Potts B; Wu Y; Field K; Paradis T; Higgins P; White-Scharf M; Posner M; Cavacini L; Herlihy W; Repligen Corporation, Cambridge, MA.; OBJECTIVE: Identify ways to increase the potency and broaden the reactivity of HIV-1 neutralizing reagents to the V3 loop and the CD4 binding domain of the HIV-1 gp120 envelope. METHODS: Broadly neutralizing alpha-V3 MAbs and alpha-CD4 binding domain reagents have been evaluated individually, in combination to demonst
Structural basis for recognition of the HIV-1 V3 determinant by a neutralizing monoclonal antibody.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo13 (abstract no. MoA 0044). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400004; Profy A; Stura E; Stanfield R; Rini J; Fieser G; Silver S; Wilson I; Repligen Corp, Cambridge, MA.; OBJECTIVE: Determine the structural requirements for recognition of the HIV-1 V3 neutralization determinant by a V3-directed monoclonal antibody. METHODS: Sequences recognized by the V3-directed neutralizing antibody R/V3-50.1 were determined using a panel of synthetic peptides. To better understand the interaction, t
CD4 independent entry by HIV-2: properties of an alternative cell surface receptor.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo14 (abstract no. MoA 0049). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400005; Clapham P; McKnight A; Simmons G; Cordell J; Dean C; Weiss R; Chester Beatty Labs, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.; INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: We have recently shown that a substrain of HIV-2ROD (LAV-2/B) efficiently infected CD4-negative human RD, Daudi and Raii cell lines. Other HIV-2 strains either failed (e.g. CBL-20) to infect or infected less efficiently (e.g. SBL6669) than LAV-2/B, although most HIV-2 isolates tested induc
Gp120-induced conformational change in CD4 is important for HIV-mediated syncytium formation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo14 (abstract no. MoA 0050). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400006; Manzoni C; Mous J; Pharma Research New Technologies, Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel,; Switzerland.; OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of HIV-entry and identify novel ways of interfering with post-binding steps. RESULTS: During our mutational analysis of HIV-1 gp120--CD4 interaction, we identified a peculiar CD4 mutant, called V1*, which was characterised by a different folding pattern (no binding of Leu3a or gp120)
HIV-1 virion-associated outer envelope protein gp120 is cleaved at the V3-loop by incubation with recombinant soluble (rs) CD4.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo14 (abstract no. MoA 0051). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400007; Werner A; Struble HK; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.; OBJECTIVES: To examine whether proteolytic cleavage of the HIV-1 V3 loop is involved in the virus infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMC). METHODS: Molecularly cloned and biologically active HIV-1 strains were grown in human PMC. Titration and blocking experiments with rsCD4 were performed in PMC. Virus
Receptor-mediated activation of the viral envelope involves the exposure of novel neutralizing envelope determinants.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo14 (abstract no. MoA 0048). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400008; Allan JS; Whitehead EM; Strout K; Shuler K; Kanda P; Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX.; OBJECTIVES: Interaction of simian immunodeficiency viruses from African green monkeys (SIVagm) with soluble receptor molecules (sCD4) results in profound enhancement (100-fold) of in vitro infection in contrast to sCD4 blocking of HIV-1 and HIV-2. We have previously shown that this enhancing effect is a direct consequ
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-infected women.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo15 (abstract no. MoB 0057). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400009; Fruchter R; Maiman M; Serur E; Cuthill S; State Univ. of New York-Health Science Center, Brooklyn.; OBJECTIVES: To compare, in HIV-infected and HIV-negative women, 1) the characteristics of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and (2) the course of CIN after treatment. METHODS: (1) Women with Pap smears of CIN1 or worse attending a colposcopy service were counselled and tested for HIV. Lesion extension was deter
Combination zidovudine and dideoxyinosine in asymptomatic HIV(+) patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo15 (abstract no. MoB 0055). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400010; Ragni M; Dafni R; Amato DA; Korvick J; Merigan TC; Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA.; OBJECTIVES: Longterm antiretroviral therapy may be limited by toxicity and resistance. In order to evaluate whether potentially synergistic drug combinations may reduce drug toxicity and delay resistance, we conducted a Phase I/II open label, randomized trial of combination ZDV and ddI in 116 asymptomatic HIV(+) indiv
Double blind, placebo controlled trial of high dose acyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in late stage HIV disease. European-Australian Acyclovir Study Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo15 (abstract no. MoB 0056). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400011; Youle M; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high dose acyclovir as prophylaxis against CMV disease in HIV seropositives with low CD4 positive cell (CD4) counts and to ascertain any survival benefit. METHODS: Three h
Nevirapine (NVP) alone and in combination with zidovudine (ZDV): safety and activity. The ACTG 164/168 Study Team.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo15 (abstract no. MoB 0053). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400012; Cheeseman SH; U Mass, Worcester.; OBJECTIVES: To determine safety and activity of NVP in HIV-infected persons (HIVP). METHODS: Sequential cohorts of HIVP received daily doses of 12.5, 50, 200, and 400 mg NVP, alone or in combination with ZDV 200 mg p.o. q8h. Plasma levels of NVP and ZDV were assayed by HPLC. HIV p24 antigen was measured after acid hyd
Therapy of AIDS or symptomatic HIV infection with simultaneous or alternating regimens of AZT and DDI.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo15 (abstract no. MoB 0054). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400013; Yarchoan R; Lietzau JA; Brawley O; Nguyen BY; Pluda JM; Wyvill KM; Broder S; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVES: There are arguments to support the use of either simultaneous or alternating drug combinations in the therapy of HIV infection. The present randomized pilot study was designed to study the toxicity and activity profiles of simultaneous and alternating regimens of azidothymidine (
Zidovudine vs. alpha interferon vs. the combination in patients with early HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo15 (abstract no. MoB 0052). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400014; Lane HC; Herpin B; Banks S; Walker RE; Davey RT; Kovacs J; Polis M; Falloon J; Masur H; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of zidovudine (ZDV), alpha interferon (alpha IFN) and a combination of these 2 drugs in delaying the progression of HIV disease. METHODS: One hundred and eighty HIV infected patients with greater than or equal to 500 CD4 cells/mm3 were randomized to oral ZDV (1200 mg qd with downward
Anal cytologic abnormalities and papillomavirus infection in men with HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo16 (abstract no. MoB 0058). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400015; Palefsky J; Shiboski S; Moss A; University of California, San Francisco 94143.; OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have shown a high prevalence of potentially precancerous anal cytologic abnormalities and anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among men with C.D.C. Group IV HIV disease. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for anal cytologic abnormalities
Hodgkin's disease and HIV infection (HD-HIV): a report of 92 patients from the GICAT (Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS and Tumors), with emphasis on prospective study with combined chemotherapy and zidovudine (AZT) in 16 patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo16 (abstract no. MoB 0059). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400016; Vaccher E; Tirelli U; Milo D; Chieppa F; Alberici F; Branz F; Ambrosini G; Giudici M; Lazzarin A; Cargnel A; et al; Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano, Italy.; Between November 1986 and June 1991, 92 pts (84 M, 8 F) with HD-HIV were seen by the GICAT. 83% were IVDU, 8% homosexual men, 5% IVDU+homosexual and 4% heterosexuals. At diagnosis of HD-HIV, 16% pts had AIDS, 20% ARC, 33% PGL and 31% were asymptomatic; median CD4 count was 249/mmc. LP subtype was diagnosed in 2%, NS i
Acute primary HIV-1 infection (API): risk of developing AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo17 (abstract no. MoC 0063). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400017; Sinicco A; Sciandra M; Lucchini A; Fora R; Caramello P; Gioannini P; Inst. of Infect. Dis., Univ. of Turin, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the risk of developing AIDS after API. PATIENTS AND METHODS: from 9/85 to 9/91 we enrolled 134 newly infected subjects (NI) in a prospective study. Only NI who had a previous negative HIV test in the 12 months preceding seroconversion were admitted to the study. The 134 NI were divided in two gr
Media and Magic: the effects of Magic Johnson's HIV diagnosis on HIV antibody testing rates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo17 (abstract no. MoC 0060). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400018; Mills S; Fischer-Ponce L; San Francisco Dept of Public Health, AIDS Office, CA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of sports celebrity Magic Johnson s HIV diagnosis on HIV antibody testing rates in San Francisco. METHODOLOGY: We calculated the expected HIV testing rates following the announcement and media coverage of Magic Johnson s HIV diagnosis based on the observed three month trends prior t
Progression of HIV infection among homosexual men in HBV vaccine cohorts in Amsterdam (AM), New York City (NY) and San Francisco (SF), 1978-1991.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo17 (abstract no. MoC 0065). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400019; van Griensven GJ; Hessol NA; Koblin BA; Stevens CE; Katz MH; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, AM.; OBJECTIVE: To study progression of HIV infection from date of HIV seroconversion to AIDS and death in order to evaluate the impact of socio-demographic variables and the use of zidovudine ( AZT ) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis (PCP
Racial differences in rate of CD4 decline in HIV-1 infected homosexual men.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo17 (abstract no. MoC 0064). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400020; Easterbrook PJ; Margolick J; Saah AJ; Farzadegan H; Kaslow R; Vlahov D; Chmiel J; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.; OBJECTIVE: To determine if racial differences exist in the rate of CD4 cell decline, progression to AIDS and survival in HIV-1 infected homosexual men. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of 321 non-Hispanic white (W) and 102 black (B) HIV-1 seropositive homosexual men recruited from the Baltimore/Washington D.C. metrop
Thailand's first anonymous alternative test site: a lesson for Asian countries.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo17 (abstract no. MoC 0061). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400021; Phanuphak P; Sittitrai W; Barry J; Sarang-Bin S; Hanvanich M; Program on AIDS, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok.; ISSUE: People at risk for HIV infection often hesitate to take an anti-HIV test for fear of social stigmatization should test results turn out to be positive. Thus, many HIV infected persons remain undetected and spread the infection unknowingly. In some cases, people resort to the less threatening strategy of donatin
Twelve year follow-up of a haemophilic cohort.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo17 (abstract no. MoC 0062). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400022; Lee C; Sabin C; Phillips A; Elford J; Griffiths P; Janossy G; Haemophilia Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London, England.; OBJECTIVE: To describe the progression of HIV disease in a haemophilic cohort. METHODS: A longitudinal clinical and laboratory study was conducted in 111 patients from time of first seroconversion in October 1979 until 1st January 1992. RESULTS: 38/111 (34%) have developed AIDS. 39/111 (35%) have died (4 of liver fail
Survival analysis by gender and risk group for HIV in Edinburgh.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo18 (abstract no. MoC 0066). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400023; Brettle RP; Richardson AM; Burns SM; Fielding K; Leen CL; City Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.; OBJECTIVE: Survival analysis for HIV infected individuals. METHOD: Between 1984-91 306/603 HIV infected patients were seen with a seroconversion date (stored sera up to 2 years apart). Survival was analysed (Kaplan-Meier method and log rank test) from seroconversion to AIDS, to CD4 200 (the date determined by the firs
Family support for AIDS patients in a rural population in south west Uganda: how much a myth?: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo19 (abstract no. MoD 0071). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400024; Seeley J; Kajura E; Okongo M; Wagner HU; Mulder DW; MRC(UK) Research Programme on AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda.; OBJECTIVE: It is commonly assumed that the extended family in Africa provides a safety net for individuals in times of need. The aim of this study is to assess family response to coping with the care of AIDS patients in a rural population in South West Uganda . METHOD: Over a six mo
Need for comprehensive care in HIV-infected families.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo19 (abstract no. MoD 0068). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400025; Kreyenbroek M; Kosten T; Boer K; Mulder-Kampinga G; Scherpbier H; Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: HIV-infected pregnant women are facing complex and intense problems. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to ensure comprehensive care, both inside and outside the hospital, and continuity to the family system. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: The following issues will be discussed: Abortion a free choice? Soc
Provision of comprehensive community based services to children/families with HIV infection in the US.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo19 (abstract no. MoD 0070). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400026; Boland M; Harvey D; Burr C; Conviser R; National Pediatric HIV Resource Center, University of Medicine &; Dentistry-New Jersey Medical School, Newark.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: The HIV epidemic is growing rapidly among children, adolescents and women in the US and increasingly affects entire families, comprised largely of low income persons of color. Taken together, children, youth, and women account for over 12% of all AIDS cases. The problems associated with poverty, drug us
Study of the behaviour of HIV positive or negative IVDUs in their family circle.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo19 (abstract no. MoD 0067). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400027; Aeberhard F; Peigne F; Ferrand I; Bonnefis S; Sourigues C; Cordonnier JP; Centre Cassini, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France.; DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: The Centre Cassini, which is the second structure of the Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris was opened on October 1st, 1990. The centre is linked to Dr Peigne s psychiatry department at the hospital Cochin, but it is located outside the hospital. It favours the welcoming, informing directing
The family of HIV infected persons: co-infected.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo19 (abstract no. MoD 0069). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400028; Rosa de Castro MJ; Adams IK; Federal University of Minas Cerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: While multidisciplinary clinics focus on biopsychosocial as well as clinical problems of the HIV infected person, the family also has its complaints which need to be diagnosed. The family of persons with HIV have difficulty helping their infected member without psychosocial support. DESCRIPTION OF PROJE
Identification of individual amino acids within the V3 region determining syncytium formation and replication rate of viruses chimeric for V3.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo20 (abstract no. MoA 0073). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400029; De Jong J; De Ronde A; Keulen W; Tersmette M; Goudsmit J; HRL, UvA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: Determination of position and kind of amino acids within the V3 region associated with the syncytium forming capacity and replication rate of V3-chimeric viruses. METHODS: V3 regions differing in four amino acids derived from a non-syncytium inducing (168.1/NSI) and a syncytium inducing isolate (168.10/SI)
Novel determinants of tropism of HIV-1 in gp120 and gp41.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo20 (abstract no. MoA 0076). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400030; Peden K; Silver J; Fujita K; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD; 20892.; OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the sequence changes that account for the enhanced replicative capacity of the ELI strain of HIV-1 passaged in H9 cells. METHODS: Virus stocks prepared from HeLa cells transfected with molecular clones of HIV-1ELI were used to infect peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and CD4-positive ce
Phenotype associated env gene variation among 8 related HIV-1 clones: evidence for in vivo recombination and determinants of cytotropism outside the V3 domain.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo20 (abstract no. MoA 0075). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400031; Groenink M; Andeweg AC; van der Jagt RC; Schuitemaker H; Bosch ML; Huisman JG; Tersmette M; Centr. Lab. Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transf. Serv., Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVES: To genetically compare phenotypically heterogeneous HIV-1 variants and to analyze regions of the HIV-1 env gene previously identified as determinants of biological properties. METHODS: Eight phenotypically heterogeneous HIV-1 clones, recovered directly from a single patient peripheral blood mononuclear cel
Small amino acid change in the HIV-1 V3 loop can affect viral infectivity and not cytopathicity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo20 (abstract no. MoA 0072). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400032; Cheng-Mayer C; Cancer Research Institute, Univ. of California, San Francisco.; OBJECTIVE: To examine whether single amino acid change in env, specifically a region of gp120 that encompasses the V3 loop affects infectivity and cytopathicity of HIV-1 in vitro. METHODS: Biologic properties of site-directed mutants of HIV-1 were determined. Sequence analyses confirmed the nature of the mutations and
Structure-function relationships of HIV1 envelope V3 loop in regulation of host cell tropism.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo20 (abstract no. MoA 0074). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400033; Ebenbichler C; Gu R; Henkel T; Westervelt P; Ratner L; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St. Louis.; OBJECTIVE: To identify the determinants within env that regulate host cell tropism, and analyse their structural features and mechanism of action. RESULTS: Chimeric viruses were constructed with sequences from a monocyte-tropic isolate (ADA) or those from brain or spleen tissues of AIDS patients together with sequence
A double blind study of ddl vs continued AZT among HIV+ individuals with CD4 counts 200 to 500/mm3 treated with AZT for at least six months.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo21 (abstract no. MoB 0081). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400034; Montaner JS; Rachlis A; Gill J; Beaulieu R; Tsoukas C; Fanning M; Cameron W; Lalonde R; Bergeron M; Schlech W; et al; OBJECTIVES: To compare efficacy and toxicity of ddl (didanosine, Videx ) and AZT (zidovudine, Retrovir) in HIV infected patients with CD4 counts 200 to 500/mm3 following at least 6 mon
ACTG protocol 116B/117; clinical outcome of a randomized double blind controlled study of DDI and ZDV. AIDS Clinical Trials Group. 116B/117 Study Team.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo21 (abstract no. MoB 0079). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400035; Kahn J; Lagakos S; Richman D; Dolin R; Pettinelli C; McLaren C; Cross A; Beltangady M; Smaldone L; OBJECTIVES: We conducted a large multi-centered, randomized, controlled study to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of ZDV with didanosine (ddI) in subjects with at least 16 weeks of prior ZDV treatment and tolerant of ZDV. The primary study endpoints were the incidence of death and new opportunistic infections.
Comparative evaluation of AZT and DDI in previously untreated patients with early or advanced ARC: preliminary results of the Italian Randomized Multicenter Study ISS-902.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo21 (abstract no. MoB 0080). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400036; Vella S; Floridia M; Tomino C; Dally LG; Sebastiani G; Fragola V; Chiesi A; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: 1) To determine whether DDI therapy is as effective as AZT in delaying clinical progression to AIDS or advanced ARC among patients with previously untreated ARC (at least one symptom and CD4+ 500/mm3). 2) To evaluate the pattern of toxicit
Nucleoside analogues and patterns of salivary, pancreatic and total amylase in HIV positive individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo21 (abstract no. MoB 0078). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400037; Sweeney JN; Valentine CB; Gompells M; Pinching AJ; Sherwood R; Deenmamode J; Moncrieff KC; Aber VR; St Mary's Hospital, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To assay total, salivary and pancreatic amylase in a group of HIV positive patients attending St Mary s Hospital London to determine whether stage of HIV infection or administration of nucleoside analogues affects serum amylase concentrations. METHODS: Stored serum from 102 HIV positive patients attending
Relative effects of ddC or ddI versus ZDV on health status, function and disability in N3300 (ACTG 114) and ACTG 116b/117.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo21 (abstract no. MoB 0077). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400038; Bozzette SA; Kanouse D; Berry S; Duan N; Downes-LeGuin T; Hays R; Petinnelli C; Richman DD; Gocke D; Kahn J; UCSD.; OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of didoxycytidine ( ddC ) or didanosine (dideoxyinosine, ddI) to zidovudine (ZDV) on health status, functioning, and disability in patients with advanced HIV disease. METHODS: Participants were enrolled in 1 of 2 rando
Switching from AZT to DDI can be beneficial in AIDS patients who already have tolerated AZT therapy for at least six months: preliminary results of a randomized multicenter study (ISS-901).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo21 (abstract no. MoB 0082). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400039; Floridia M; Vella S; Tomino C; Dally LG; Sebastiani G; Chiesi A; Agresti MG; ISS, Rome.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether switching to new dideoxynucleoside therapy (DDI) is of benefit with respect to survival, onset of new AIDS-defining pathologies, and clinical status, among AIDS patients who have already tolerated AZT therapy for 6-18 mw
Associations of HLA-DR2/DRB1*1501- and DRB1*1401-containing haplotypes with rapid progression of HIV infection. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo22 (abstract no. MoC 0087). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400040; Kaslow R; Apple R; Friedman H; Detels R; Saah A; Rinaldo C; Phair J; Cetus Corp, Sunnyvale, CA.; OBJECTIVES: To detect associations between the frequency of class II HLA genes and the rate of progression of HIV infection in Caucasian homosexual/bisexual men. METHODS: We categorized MACS participants by rate of loss of CD4+ cells and selected 60 with very rapid (R) and 60 with very slow or no (S) decline. DNA extrw
Cohort of gay men in New York: ten year follow-up.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo22 (abstract no. MoC 0088). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400041; Lange M; Inada Y; Buimovici-Klein E; Cooper LZ; Grieco MH; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center/Columbia University, NY, NY; 10025.; OBJECTIVE: To report the 10 year status of a prospectively followed cohort of initially healthy gay male volunteers recruited between 11/81 & 12/82 in New York city. METHOD: Cohort members were followed twice a year from 1981 to 1987 and subsequently at annual intervals to 1992. Clinical and laboratory parameters w
CD4 is a relatively poor predictor of progression to AIDS over five years due to its nonspecificity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo22 (abstract no. MoC 0084). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400042; Jacobson D; McCutchan JA; Jin H; Abramson I; Nelson J; Durand D; Bertrand J; Stine C; Atkinson H; Grant I; HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, University of California,; San Diego.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate measures of 1) immune function (delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to recall antigens), 2) immune activation (beta 2-microglobulin and total globulin), 3) marrow (hematocrit) and liver (albumin) function, and 4) CD4 lymphocyte depletion as predictors of progression to AIDS over 60 months. METHO
Factors influencing correspondence between CD4% and CD4 count in HIV infected homosexual men and intravenous drug users (IVDU).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo22 (abstract no. MoC 0086). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400043; Munoz A; He D; Cohn S; Margolick J; Hoover DR; Saah A; Vlahov D; Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.; OBJECTIVES: (i) To develop a simple model that describes correspondence between CD4% and CD4# in HIV infected individuals; (ii) to determine if risk group, gender, AIDS and prophylaxis modify the correspondence between CD4% and CD4#. METHODS: We used 3856 and 3067 observations taken semi-annually on 479 seropositive h
Fever with skin rash and absence of anti-HIV core in HIV seroconverters are predictors of rapid progression to AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo22 (abstract no. MoC 0085). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400044; Keet I; Krijnen P; Koot M; Lange JM; Goudsmit J; Miedema F; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: To analyse if rapid progressors to AIDS can already be identified around the period of HIV seroconversion. METHODS: In a prospective study 763 HIV negative homosexual men were seen at 3-6 monthly intervals since 1984, of whom 108 men seroconverted for HIV during follow up. In these 108 men we studied if th
Low viral load as defined by negative PCR is associated with slower progression of HIV disease. The Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study (VLAS) Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo22 (abstract no. MoC 0083). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400045; Woodfall B; Schechter MT; Le TN; Craib KJ; Cassol S; Montaner JS; O'Shaughnessy MV; UBC & BC Centre for Excellence in HIV and Related Diseases,; Vancouver, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rate of progression to AIDS and the rate of CD4 decline in a group of seropositive men with low viral burdens as determined by a negative PCR. METHODS:This analysis involved 97 members of our cohort, 59 seroprevalent men (SP), and 38 seroincident men (SI) with a median follow-up of 100 month
AIDS from blood transfusions screened negative for HIV antibody, United States.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo23 (abstract no. MoC 0092). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400046; Holmberg S; Conley LJ; Rogers MF; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta,; GA.; OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the number and features of AIDS cases in the United States that have resulted from receipt of blood screened negative for HIV antibody, since such screening began in most U.S. blood collection centers in March 1985. METHODS: Review of all transfusion-AIDS (TA-A
HIV prevalence in people with no fixed abode--a study of blood donorship patterns & risk determinants.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo23 (abstract no. MoC 0093). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400047; Bhimani GV; Gilada IS; Indian Health Organisation, Bombay.; OBJECTIVES: To study the blood donorship patterns and risk determinants amongst the professional blood and organ sellers, to establish their HIV prevalence and to develop guidelines for safety of blood/blood products. METHODS: Following the news reports about 75% of the blood products manufactured in
Performance of rapid anti-HIV assays for screening of donor blood under field conditions in Africa.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo23 (abstract no. MoC 0090). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400048; Heessen FW; Klokke AH; van Asten HA; Kigadye FC; Dolmans WM; Shao JF; Van den Akker R; Veierna JP; Nijmegen University, Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: The performance of three rapid assays for the detection of HIV-antibodies in donor blood was evaluated in eight district hospital laboratories in Mwanza region and in the regional centre. METHOD: Blood samples were evaluated in four reference laboratories and a panel of 67 HIV-positive and 88-HIV negative s
Potential deferral criteria predictive for HIV-positivity in blood donors in Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo23 (abstract no. MoC 0089). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400049; Kitayaporn D; Bejrachandra S; Chongkolwatana V; Chandanayingyong D; Weniger BG; HIV/AIDS Collaboration, Bangkok.; OBJECTIVES: In order to develop donor deferral criteria to prevent HIV transmission by recently-infected donors in the seronegative window phase, we determined factors predictive for HIV seropositivity from data routinely collected on blood donors at a public university teaching hospital. METHODS: Records of all 281 H
Time period from infectiousness as blood donor to development of detectable antibody and the risk of HIV transmission from transfusion of screened blood. HIV Lookback Study Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo23 (abstract no. MoC 0091). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400050; Petersen L; Satten G; Dodd R; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta.; OBJECTIVES: In considering the natural history of early HIV infection, the time period from infectiousness to development of detectable HIV antibody is unknown. Knowledge of this period is critical in assessing the risk of HIV transmission from HIV-antibody-screened blood transfusions. METHODS: We studied 701 HIV-sero
Analysis of the zinc-finger-like domains in the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein by alanine scanning mutagenesis.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo5 (abstract no. MoA 0001). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400051; Goettlinger H; Dorfman T; Luban J; Goff S; Haseltine W; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVES: Retroviral nucleocapsid proteins, including that of HIV-1, invariably carry one or two copies of a zinc-finger-like domain that is believed to be involved in the encapsidation of genomic viral RNA into nascent virus particles. Our objective was to identify the functionally important residues in the HIV-1 z
Assembly of HIV-1 gag protein: a new target for antiviral therapy?: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo5 (abstract no. MoA 0002). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400052; Niedrig M; Gelderblom HR; Pauli G; Marz J; von Poblotzki A; Wolf H; Modrow S; Behringwerke AG, Research Department, Marburg.; OBJECTIVES: Sequential overlapping gag oligopeptides of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1), 22-24 amino acids long, were synthesized and tested in vitro for antiviral activity. The hypothesis has to be tested that oligopeptides representing the domains which participate in the protein-protein interaction duri
Functional study of HIV-1 matrix proteins in virus assembly and infectivity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo5 (abstract no. MoA 0003). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400053; Yu X; Yuan X; Lee TH; Essex M; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.; OBJECTIVES: To study the functional role of the HIV-1 matrix protein in viral replication, and the potential use of p17 mutants to block HIV-1 replication. METHODS: In-frame deletions were introduced into the HIV-1 p17 region. Viral protein synthesis, processing, and virus assembly and infectivity were analyzed for wi
Ganciclovir (GCV) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) vs GCV alone as treatment for cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (ACTG 073).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo5 (abstract no. MoA 0005). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400054; Hardy D; Spector S; Polsky B; Crumpacker C; van der Horst C; Holland G; Freeman W; Helnemann MH; Sharuk G; Klystra J; et al; UCLA.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety, tolerance and efficacy of combined GCV/GM-CSF compared to GCV alone as initial therapy for CMV retinitis in AIDS patients. Time to first consecutive neutropenic event (ANC less than 750/mm3 on two occasions 24 hrs apart), proport
Production of chimeric virus-like particles containing the HIV-1 gag/pol and HIV-2 gag gene products.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo5 (abstract no. MoA 0004). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400055; Meiko K; Shioda T; Kitamura T; Iwakura Y; Shibuta H; Japanese Foundation of AIDS Prevention.; OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the functional domains in gag and pol gene products of HIV-1 and HIV-2 are conserved for particle formation and core maturation. METHODS: StuI-ScaI fragment(no. 453-2278) and StuI-SspI(no.453-5039) with 4 base-pair deletion at NcoI site(no.1855) of HIV-2 GH123 clone were adequately insert
Recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF) in the treatment of neutropenic AIDS patients (pts).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo5 (abstract no. MoA 0006). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400056; Fuhrer J; Shelton M; Heller H; SUNY, Stony Brook 11794.; BACKGROUND: Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), often suffer cytopenias. Neutropenia in AIDS patients may be secondary to an adverse drug toxicity (e.g. zidovudine [ AZT ], ganciclovir [DHPG]), bone marrow infiltrating opportuni
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor G-CSF in AIDS-patients with leukocytes less than or equal to 1.0 x 10(9)/L.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo6 (abstract no. MoA 0007). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400057; Bratt G; Grutzmeier S; Lund B; Sandstrom E; Department of Dermatovenerology, South Hospital, Stockholm.; ISSUE: AIDS-patients, that are treated with chemotherapy for Kaposi s sarcoma and Ganciclovir/DHPG) for CMV-retinitis often get severe neutropenia, that limits the treatment and increases the incidence of bacterial infections. Can treatment with G-CSF increase white blood cell count WBC, lower the incidence of bacteri
Potential of selectively deglycosylated HIV-1 gp120 as a more effective vaccine antigen.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo6 (abstract no. MoA 0010). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400058; Lee TH; Lee CN; Lee WR; Cheng YL; Lin HL; Essex M; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.; OBJECTIVES: Immune decoy mediated by carbohydrate moieties of viral envelop proteins was observed previously in some retroviruses. HIV-1 gp120 is a heavily glycosylated protein with approximately half of its molecular mass contributed by N-linked sugars. One prediction of the hypothesis that certain N-linked sugars of
Recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) treatment IND protocol for the anemia of AIDS--overall results and AZT subgroup analysis.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo6 (abstract no. MoA 0008). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400059; Phair J; Abels R; Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL.; OBJECTIVES: Anemia associated with HIV infection may be due to reduced erythropoiesis related to the disease itself or to concomitant medications (e.g., zidovudine [ AZT ]). Clinical studies have shown r-HuEPO to be effective in correcting the anemia of
Significance of cell antigens in SIV vaccines.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo6 (abstract no. MoA 0012). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400060; Stott J; Mills KH; Chan WL; Page M; Taffs LF; Kitchin PA; National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters; Bar, Herts, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To establish the role of cell antigens in protection against SIV. METHODS: Groups of 4 cynomolgus monkeys were vaccinated with inactivated SIV, virus-infected C8166 cells, uninfected C8166 or RK-13 cells. Vaccinated macaques were then challenged intravenously with 10 MID50 of SIV grown in either human cells
Specificity of antibodies produced against native or desialylated recombinant HIV-1 gp160.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo6 (abstract no. MoA 0009). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400061; Benjouad A; Gluckman JC; Rochat H; Montagnier L; Bahraoui E; CNRS URA 1455, Marseille, France.; OBJECTIVE: In contrast to antibodies produced against native or fully deglycosylated HIV-1 gp160 in rabbits, antibodies raised against desialylated HIV-1 gp160 recognized also gp140 from HIV-2 at high titers. The population of antibodies responsible for this cross-reactivity was further analyzed. METHODS: Rabbits were
Vaccine-therapy with gp160: effect on human anti-gp120 antibody spectrotype.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo6 (abstract no. MoA 0011). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400062; Biselli R; Loomis LD; Del Bono V; Burke DS; Redfield RR; Birx DL; Department of Retroviral Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research.; OBJECTIVES: Infection with HIV type 1 causes a progressive failure of the immune system and, among other things, a decline in the number and/or function of B-cell clones recruited in specific humoral responses. Spectrotypic analysis, as obtained by Isoelectric Focusing (IEF) and reverse blotting, is one technique for
Analysis of viral burden and expression during primary HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo7 (abstract no. MoA 0015). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400063; Graziosi C; Pantaleo G; Demarest J; Saag M; Shaw G; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the patterns of viral burden (i.e. frequency of HIV infected cells) and HIV expression following acute symptomatic HIV infection. METHODS: Standard quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) employing primer pairs specific for LTR and gag gene segments of HIV-1 were used for determination of
Characterization of the natural antibody response to the hypervariable neutralization domain of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo7 (abstract no. MoA 0016). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400064; Zwart G; Wolfs TF; van der Hoek L; Valk M; Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, AMC, Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVES: The neutralization domain in the third variable region (V3) of the external envelope glycoprotein, is perhaps not the ideal, but the most promising candidate for rational vaccine design. Our objective was to obtain insight into the quality of the human antibody response to this variable domain after natura
Characterization of HIV-infected patients using a rapid flow cytometric in situ hybridization method.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo7 (abstract no. MoA 0014). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400065; Lewis D; Liu F; Chubbage M; Blick M; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.; OBJECTIVES: We recently showed, using conventional in situ hybridization and laser confocal microscopy, that the numbers of HIV RNA producing cells in HIV-infected people was much greater than previously reported (Lewis, et al, J Infect Dis 162:1373, 1990). This assay, although sensitive, is time consuming and technic
Determinants of antibody (ab) response in volunteers primed with vac-env and boosted with rgp160. The NIAID AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo7 (abstract no. MoA 0013). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400066; Graham BS; Belshe R; Clements M; Dolin R; Corey L; Matthews T; Esterlitz J; Fast P; OBJECTIVES: To determine factors associated with the magnitude and duration of HIV-1-specific ab response induced by primary immunization with gp160 recombinant vaccinia (vac-env) (Bristol/Myers-Squibb) and booster immunization with rgp160 (MicroGeneSys). METHODS: Parameters of interval between primary vaccination and
The role of humoral immunity in primary HIV-1 infection (PI).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo7 (abstract no. MoA 0017). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400067; Daar ES; Chernyavskiy T; Moudgil T; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine.; OBJECTIVES: During PI, a rapid decline in the initially high plasma (P) and cellular (C) viral titers (VT) is observed. We will demonstrate the significance of the humoral immune response during PI. METHODS: We have performed quantitative virologic and P neutralization studies on the blood of 3 patients who presented
Vaccine protection from SIV infected cell challenge is MHC class I related.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo7 (abstract no. MoA 0018). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400068; Heeney J; Bontrop R; Van Els C; De Vries P; Jonker M; Osterhaus A; Dept. of Chronic and Infectious Diseases, ITRI-TNO, Rijswijk, The; Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: To determine if vaccine protection against infected cells is related to the MHC type of donor and recipient. METHODS: Twenty four MHC typed Macaca mulatta vaccinated with either formalin inactivated whole SIV adjuvanted with MDP (n = 8) or in ISCOM (n = 8) preparations. Controls included measle virus (MV) M
A phase I study of recombinant CD4-Pseudomonas exotoxin (CD4-PE40) in HIV-infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo8 (abstract no. MoB 0020). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400069; Davey RT Jr; Boenning CM; Herpin BR; Batts DH; Walker RE; Polis MA; Falloon J; Kovacs JA; Masur H; Metcalf JA; et al; N.I.H., Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVES: CD4-PE40 is a soluble recombinant fusion toxin containing the gp120-binding domains of human CD4 linked to the translocation and catalytic domains of Pseudomonas exotoxin. This chimeric protein has selective toxicity in vitro against HIV-1-infected, gp120-expressing cells. In this phase 1 trial we sought t
Anti-HIV active immunization. Evidence for persistent cell mediated immunity after a 2 year follow up.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo8 (abstract no. MoB 0024). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400070; Picard O; Achour A; Lachgar A; Bernard J; Bizzini B; Zagury D; Hopital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.; A two year phase I immunization trial has been performed in 25 HIV seronegative volunteers using gp160 antigens. GP160 immunogens were presented in different form (recombinant vaccinia, soluble gp160 and synthetic peptides) and administered according to 4 different protocols using vaccinia. Individuals have been inclu
Pentoxifylline (trental) decreases tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and HIV replication in patients with AIDS. ACTG #160 Team. AIDS Clinical Trial Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo8 (abstract no. MoB 0019). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400071; Dezube BJ; Pardee AB; Chapman B; Beckett L; Korvick J; Ahlers CM; Ecto L; Chatis P; Crumpacker CS; Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVES: This AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) protocol is studying whether pentoxifylline, a drug that decreases TNF, can decrease HIV expression, increase AZT activity, and reverse cachexia. This is based on the observation that TNF induces HIV r
Pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerance of a TAT antagonist.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo8 (abstract no. MoB 0021). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400072; Petty BG; Ginsberg R; Lewis L; Kuwahara S; Noe D; Zhi J; Molle M; Nerhood L; Tam S; Hsu MC; et al; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.; OBJECTIVES: To assess the single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerance of Ro 24-7429, an antagonist of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) TAT protein. METHODS: This was a dose-escalating, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic HIV-infected pati
The safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiviral activity of N-acetylcysteine in HIV-infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo8 (abstract no. MoB 0022). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400073; Walker RE; Lane HC; Boenning CM; Polis MA; Kovacs JA; Falloon J; Davey RT; Sussman H; Gabel L; Correa-Coronas R; et al; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of repeated administration of NAC in HIV-infected individuals and to assess changes in immunologic, virologic, and biochemical markers of HIV disease over a 14 week study period. BACKGROUND: HIV infection is associated with reduced serum and intracellular thiol l
Combination prime-boost approach to HIV vaccination in seronegative individuals: enhanced immunity with additional subunit gp160 protein boosting.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo9 (abstract no. MoB 0027). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400074; McElrath J; Peterson E; Dragavon J; Berger D; Hoffman M; Klucking S; Greenberg P; Corey L; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.; OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to determine the potential benefit of an additional boost with soluble recombinant gp160 (VaxSyn, MicroGeneSys) to the immune response elicited in HIV seronegative individuals after priming with a vaccinia recombinant containing HIV envelope (HIVAC-1e, Oncogen/
Phase 1 dose escalation MTP-PE study of an HIV-1 gp120 vaccine in sero-negative adults.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo9 (abstract no. MoB 0025). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400075; Kahn J; Chernoff D; Sinangil F; Murcar N; Wynne D; Coleman R; Haigwood N; Steimer K; Dekker C; AIDS Division, San Francisco General Hospital, University of; California.; OBJECTIVES: We conducted a phase 1 randomized double-blind study to determine safety and immunogenicity in HIV-seronegative adults of three injections of a vaccine composed of 25 micrograms of recombinant HIV gp 120 antigen combined with MF 59 emulsion containing a muramyl tripeptide covalently linked with dipalmitoyl
Safety and immunogenicity of IIIB rgp120/HIV-1 vaccine in seronegative volunteers. The NIAID-sponsored AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo9 (abstract no. MoB 0026). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400076; Clements ML; Belshe R; Duliege AM; Schwartz D; Gorse G; Izu A; Ammann A; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.; OBJECTIVES: A recombinant subunit vaccine consisting of IIIB rgp120/HIV-1 in alum elicited type-specific neutralizing antibodies in chimpanzees and fully protected them against intravenous challenge with HIV-1/IIIB. Using the same immunization schedule, a trial with IIIB rgp120/HIV-1 vaccine is being conducted in huma
Somebody else in your picture--the Black C.A.P. model.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th65 (abstract no. ThD 1502). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400077; Stewart D; Falconer DA; Black Coalition For AIDS Prevention, Toronto, Canada.; ISSUE: The Black communities in Toronto consist of predominantly immigrants from a diversity of cultural backgrounds with most originating from the Caribbean. With limited resources, the Black Coalition For AIDS Prevention (Black CAP) had the challenges of incorporating gender, class and sexual orientation and making
HIV-seropositivity, violence and the function of a self-help group in a Buenos Aires prison. HIV+ self-help group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th65 (abstract no. ThD 1500). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400078; Vazquez Acuna M; Faas L; University of Amsterdam.; ISSUE: Finding ways to diminish outbursts of violence amongst HIV-seropositive men in Buenos Aires prison Villa Devoto. PROJECT: The HIV+ inmates form a self-help group that, with help of a judge, establishes contacts with NGOs that bring updated information on HIV-disease, give classes in first aid and hygiene and pr
Participatory approach to AIDS prevention. The Kasisi Project in Zambia.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th65 (abstract no. ThD 1501). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400079; Phiri N; Kweekeh F; Nyambe J; Chirwa BU; ISSUE PROBLEM: Introducing AIDS intervention in a rural community posed a major challenge to both local and health workers. Most local people did not perceive AIDS as a major problem. HIV infected persons were thought to be suffering from traditionally perceived illnesses. e.g. ICHIFUBA CHAMANKOWESHA. DESCRIPTION OF P
Discovery of potent, orally bioavailable inhibitors of HIV protease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th66 (abstract no. ThA 1507). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400080; Norbeck D; Kempf D; Marsh K; Paul D; Knigge M; Vasavanonda S; Clement J; Kohlbrenner W; Sham H; Wideburg N; et al; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL.; OBJECTIVES: The production of infectious HIV requires specific processing of the gag and gag-pol polyproteins by a virally encoded aspartic protease. Inhibitors of the HIV protease therefore have attracted intense interest as potential drugs for the treatment of AIDS, but clinical evaluation of these agents has been h
HIV-1 (Rf) variants with a single amino acid substitution at the protease (Val82 to Ala) have a reduced sensitivity to C-2 symmetrical inhibitors of HIV-1 protease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th66 (abstract no. ThA 1506). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400081; Patterson CE; Cheng YS; Buckery R; Otto MJ; Winslow DL; DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Wilmington, DE 19880-0328.; OBJECTIVES: We have isolated HIV-1 (Rf) variants that have a reduced susceptibility to several C-2 symmetrical inhibitors of the HIV protease. Molecular cloning of the viral protease gene and characterization of its sequence is our first attempt toward an understanding of the resistant properties of these viral varian
In vitro isolation and partial characterization of HIV variants with reduced sensitivity to C-2 symmetrical inhibitors of HIV-1 protease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th66 (abstract no. ThA 1505). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400082; Otto MJ; Garber S; Winslow D; Cheng YS; Reid CD; Aldrich P; Jadhav PK; DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Glenolden, PA.; OBJECTIVES: Recent reports have shown that the inhibition of HIV protease results in the inhibition of infectious virus production in vitro. HIV protease, therefore, appears to be an attractive target for anti-HIV therapy. Since development of resistance is a serious concern with any new antiviral, we attempted to iso
Novel, low molecular weight HIV-1 protease inhibitors.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th66 (abstract no. ThA 1503). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400083; Vaillancourt M; Vanasse B; Cohen E; Sauve G; Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Quebec, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: The catastrophic dimensions of the HIV-AIDS pandemic has spurred a worldwide quest for new therapeutic agents. One such therapeutic approach is the use of inhibitors of HIV-protease. Previous studies has shown that if the protease is catalytically defective and/or inhibited, viral maturation is blocked, and
Shut off of HIV replication in chronically-infected macrophages by an inhibitor of HIV protease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th66 (abstract no. ThA 1504). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400084; Perno CF; Bergamini A; Capozzi M; Milanese M; Thaisrivongs S; Zon G; Rocchi G; Calio R; Univ. Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Assess the efficacy of inhibitors of late stages of HIV replication in chronically-infected macrophages (HIV-M/M) (the major reservoir of the virus). METHODS: Mature macrophages (M/M) were infected in vitro with HIV, and exposed at various time points to the protease inhibitor U-75875 (
Anonymous questionnaire to assess consumption of prescribed and alternative medication and patterns of recreational drug use in a HIV positive population.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1508). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400085; Valentine CB; Weston R; Kitchen V; Main J; Moncrieff KC; Aber VR; St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London.; OBJECTIVES: To establish patterns of usage of prescribed medication, alternative medication consumption, the beliefs of our patients surrounding these agents and patterns of recreational drug use. METHODS: All patients attending our HIV clinic during a representative 2 week period were asked to complete an anonymous s
Cognitive deficit & neurological impairment in pediatric HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1509). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400086; Stein Z; Mellins CA; Levenson RL Jr; Zawadzki R; Kairam R; HIV Center for Clinical & Behavioral Studies, NYS Psych. Inst.,; NY.; OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential contribution to cognitive functioning of: HIV infection, neurological impairment, and pre-natal drug-exposure. METHOD: 49 children who were HIV-exposed and between the ages of 2.5 and 8.5 years received neurological (standard clinical examination) and psychological (McCarthy Scales
Comparison of neuropsychologic performance between AIDS-free i.v. drug users and homosexual men.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1513). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400087; Concha M; Selnes OA; Royal W; Updike M; Nance-Sproson T; Vlahov D; Palenicek J; McArthur JC; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.; OBJECTIVE: To compare the neuropsychologic performance between AIDS-free IV drug users and homosexual/bisexual men according to HIV serostatus and CD4+ count. METHODS: Baseline neuropsychologic performance of 107 IV drug users and 230 homosexual/bisexual men was compared. Tests measured attention, memory, and psychomo
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: disease progression, stabilization and response to intrathecal Ara-C in 26 patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1512). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400088; Britton CB; Romagnoli M; Sisti M; Powers JM; Columbia University, New York, New York.; We evaluated twenty-six patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and HIV infection. Thirteen patients were treated with intrathecal cytosine arabinoside (ara-C). PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT CRITERIA: Twenty-five men and one woman were referred for evaluation of possible PML over a four
Quinolinic acid and the pathogenesis of AIDS dementia.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1511). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400089; Brew BJ; Corbeil J; Pemberton L; Heyes M; Evans L; Penny R; Cooper DA; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.; OBJECTIVES: Quinolinic acid (QUIN), an excitotoxin acting through the N Methyl D Aspartate receptor, has been found to be markedly elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with AIDS dementia complex (ADC), raising the possibility of its importance in the pathogenesis of ADC.
Utility of HIV-1 p24 antigen measurement in CSF from patients with and without cognitive impairment.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th67 (abstract no. ThB 1510). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400090; Royal W 3d; Concha M; McArthur JC; Selnes OA; Nance-Sproson TE; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between CSF measurements of HIV-1 p24 antigen (p24Ag) in samples from HIV-1 seropositive individuals and the presence of HIV-related dementia . METHODS: Blood (plasma or serum) and CSF samples were assayed for p24Ag in antigen capture EIA fol
A network-informed strategy for preventing HIV among street gang members.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1516). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400091; Potterat J; Bethea P; Muth S; Woodhouse D; Muth J; El Paso County Department of Health and Environment, Colorado; Springs, CO.; OBJECTIVE: Develop and use social network analytic tools to identify high risk people within a network of street gang members for HIV prevention activities. METHODS & RESULTS: Social network analysis identified a densely connected block of 92 gang members and their consorts in Colorado Springs, all sexually linked
Homosexual role separation and the spread of HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1518). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400092; Van Druten HA; Hendriks JC; Van Griensven GJ; University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: A role separation mixing model is developed to study preference in homosexual role behavior and the changes therein as a possible co-factor in the spread of HIV. The model is linked to data from the Amsterdam cohort study. METHODS: Homosexual men from the Amsterdam cohort study are classified into four sex
HIV infection in long distance truck drivers in Kenya: seroprevalence, seroincidence, and risk factors.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1514). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400093; Job B; Omari MA; Mutere AN; Plummer FA; Moses S; Ndinya-Achola JO; Kreiss JK; University of Nairobi, Kenya.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence, seroincidence, and correlates of HIV infection among long distance truck drivers in Kenya . METHOD: Truck drivers along the Mombasa-Nairobi highway were enrolled at a roadside research clinic near Nairobi between June 1989 and December 1991
HIV infection within networks of prostitute women and injecting drug users.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1519). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400094; Muth SQ; Woodhouse DE; Potterat JJ; Muth JB; Darrow WW; El Paso County Health Dept., Colorado Springs, CO.; OBJECTIVES: This is an ongoing longitudinal study to describe the social networks of prostitute women, injecting drug users (IDU) and their sexual and needle partners, and to determine how network structure influences the spread of HIV within those networks. METHODS: Since 1988, 125 prostitute women, 207 IDU, and 269
HIV prevalence among attenders of a clinic for STD: the potential risk of heterosexual transmission in Amsterdam.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1517). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400095; Fennema JS; van Ameijden EJ; Coutinho RA; van Doornum GJ; Henquet C; van den Hoek JA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: To estimate HIV prevalence among attenders of an STD-clinic and assess the potential risk of further heterosexual (HETS) transmission of HIV. METHODS: In 1991 we conducted a cross sectional linked anonymous HIV study among clinic attenders who came for a new consultation in a 11 week study period. Participa
The effect of partner mixing and migration on the spread of gonorrhea, chlamydia and HIV, a model study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th68 (abstract no. ThC 1515). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400096; Stigum H; Falck W; Magnus P; Bakketeig LS; Dep. of Epidemiology, Natl Inst of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the importance of core groups with high sexual activity on the spread of gonorrhea, chlamydia and HIV in the heterosexual population. METHODS: A set of differential equations is used to model the spread of STD s in a heterosexual population which includes a core group of highly sexually active s
Detection of HIV-1 in breast milk, multiple sexual partners, and mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1: a cohort study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1524). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400097; Bulterys M; Chao A; Farzadegan H; Nawrocki P; Dushimimana A; Habimana P; Kurawige J; Musanganire F; Burnley A; Saah A; Johns Hopkins Univ.; OBJECTIVES: 1) To examine a possible association between detection of HIV-1 proviral DNA in milk and mother-to-child transmission (MCT). 2) To study MCT and detection of HIV-1 in milk in relation to a recent history of multiple sexual partners. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of 304 HIV-1 sero(+) and 298 sero(-) wom
Milk HIV-1 IgG, SIgA and IgM in a cohort of HIV-1 infected mothers. Kigali, Rwanda (1988-1990).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1521). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400098; Van de Perre P; Simonon A; Hitimana DG; Karita E; Msellati P; Mukambano B; Van Goethem C; Dabis F; Lepage P; AIDS Reference Laboratory, National AIDS Control Program, Kigali,; Rwanda.; OBJECTIVES: 1. To estimate the frequency of HIV-1 antibodies in milk of infected mothers at various times in the post partum period. 2. To evaluate their potential protective effect on mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. METHODS: In a cohort of 215 HIV-1 infected mothers, milk samples were collected at day 15, mont
Prevalence of HIV in breast milk and correlation with maternal-infant transmission. The CDS/JHU AIDS Project Team.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1523). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400099; Ruff A; Coberly J; Burnley A; Boulos R; Desormeaux J; Halsey N; Farzadegan H; Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of HIV DNA and/or p24 antigen (p24) in breast milk and the association with maternal-infant HIV transmission. METHODS: Milk was collected at three month intervals from 40 HIV+ and 15 HIV- women. Cells were tested for HIV DNA by PCR and aqueous phase for p24 by EIA. Sequential mil
Prevention of maternal-infant HIV-transmission by weaning.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1522). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400100; Kuznetsova II; Porkhachova TM; Pokrovsky VV; Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia.; OBJECTIVE: to determine the influence of breast-feeding on HIV-seroprevalence among newborns of HIV-infected mothers. METHODS: All the examined HIV(+) women which had delivery after May 1988 were suggested to wean their infants. RESULTS: Among 32 observed mother-child pairs 2 children died in perinatal period, 2--em
Risk factors for vertical transmission of HIV-1 infection. The European Collaborative Study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th69 (abstract no. ThC 1520). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400101; Newell ML; Institute of Child Health, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: to determine maternal factors influencing the rate of vertical transmission METHODS: In 19 European centres children born to women known to be HIV-infected before the time of delivery were followed prospectively from birth, using a standard protocol. Information was collected on both mothers and children.
Beliefs, social norms and other factors affecting condom use and monogamy in Zimbabwe.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1529). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400102; Kasprzyk D; Montano DE; Wilson D; Battelle Seattle Research Center, WA.; OBJECTIVES: (1) To elicit factors affecting condom use and monogamy in Zimbabwe and to compare these factors among 8 targeted risk groups (CSWs, Clients, STD patients, Truckers, Fishermen, Urban and Rural community individuals and Urban workplace individuals), by gender, and by r
Changes in behavioral intentions among adolescents following HIV disclosure by a national sports celebrity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1526). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400103; Rugg D; Banspach S; Short L; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.; OBJECTIVE: To assess self-reported intentions to maintain or change to safer sexual practices among 2,840 U.S. adolescents due to a national sports celebrity s (Magic Johnson) public disclosure of positive HIV antibody status. METHODS: Students (9th-11th grade, ages 14-18) in 16 Colorado schools and 9 San Diego school
Do you believe in Magic? The public health consequences of Magic Johnson's announcement for inner-city women.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1527). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400104; Rapkin B; Mantell JE; Tross S; Ortiz-Torres B; New York University.; OBJECTIVES: Few HIV-related media events have received as much attention as Magic Johnson s (the U.S. basketball star) public disclosure of his HIV+ status. We examine the impact of this event on inner-city women s behavior, testing decisions and health beliefs, using data from the Cultural Network Project. METHODS: M
HIV exposure risk-relevant behaviors in the U.S. Army.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1528). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400105; Temoshok L; Blake SM; Rundell JR; Sharp ES; Ledsky R; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD.; OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of HIV exposure risk-relevant behaviors in an ethnically and geographically diverse, sexually active population; and to identify knowledge, attitudinal, sociocultural, behavioral, and situational factors associated with HIV exposure potential. METHODS: The U.S. Army-Wide HIV/AIDS
Prostitute patronage in a high HIV-prevalence environment: male sexual risk-taking in Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1525). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400106; VanLandingham M; Suprasert S; Sittitrai W; Vaddhanaphuti C; Chiang Mai Univ.; OBJECTIVES: The research goals are to assess 1) the degree of under standing among young men in northern Thailand about how AIDS is transmitted & 2) the determinants of risky sexual practices. A major hypothesis to be explored is that close friends influence each other s decision
Psychodynamics in HIV preventive behavior change among sexually vulnerable population.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th70 (abstract no. ThD 1530). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400107; Sundararaman S; Narayan H; Daniel A; AIDS Research Foundation Of India, Madras.; INTRODUCTION: Though HIV infection was initially detected among Commercial sex workers in Madras, their clients in fact are the unseen partners in the infection chain. The increase in HIV infection among men involving in multipartner sexual intercourse necessitated a risk reduction intervention program. METHOD: A prel
Features governing nuclear import of HIV-1 preintegration complexes: role in permissiveness, latency and reactivation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1535). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400108; Stevenson M; Bukrinsky MI; Sharova N; Gulizia J; Haggerty S; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.; The cytopathogenic properties of HIV-1 in permissive CD4 lymphocytes in vitro are difficult to reconcile with the chronic nature of AIDS progression and the gradual decline in CD4 lymphocyte number. Thus, my laboratory has investigated features of the virus and the host which influence HIV-1 latency and reactivation d
Influence of HIV infection on the V beta repertoire in monozygotic twins discordant for HIV: evidence for the effects of a superantigen.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1536). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400109; Pantaleo G; Rebai N; Graziosi C; Lane HC; Sekaly RP; Fauci AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether perturbations of the V beta repertoire occur in individuals infected with HIV and to determine whether these perturbations are consistent with the effects of a superantigen. METHODS: A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to determine the frequency of expressio
Preference for G----A hypermutation via dislocation mutagenesis by the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1534). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400110; Vartanian JP; Meyerhans A; Sala M; Buc H; Henry M; Wain-Hobson S; Laboratoire de Retrovirologie Moleculaire, Institut Pasteur,; Paris.; OBJECTIVES: To characterize in vitro the mechanism of G-greater than A hypermutation by dislocation mutagenesis and to compare the ability of the HIV-1, Moloney MLV and AMV reverse transcriptases (RTase) to tolerate dislocations. METHODS: A 60-mer DNA oligonucleotide was constructed so that both +1 and +2 frameshifts
The central polypurine tract in the HIV-1 genome is important for viral replication.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1533). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400111; Grinde B; Jonsrud K; Tjotta E; Hungnes O; National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.; OBJECTIVES: To understand the function of the central polypurine tract. INTRODUCTION: The reverse transcription of HIV-1 RNA generates a linear, double-stranded DNA with a single-stranded gap. The gap is believed to be the result of plus-strand priming from a second, centrally located polypurine tract (PPT). This PPT
The second origin of HIV DNA plus-strand: structure and role in viral replication.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1532). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400112; Charneau P; Clavel F; Unite d'oncologie virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris.; OBJECTIVES: Most retroviruses have a unique, well defined origin site for their DNA plus-strand, determined by a polypurine tract (PPT). By contrast, HIV and some related viruses use an additional origin site, located at the center of the viral genome, and defined by a second copy of the PPT, which result in a discont
Three-dimensional structure of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase complexed with a dsDNA template-primer reveals arrangement of the active sites for polymerization and RNase H.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th71 (abstract no. ThA 1531). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400113; Arnold E; Jacobo-Molina A; Nanni RG; Williams RL; Clark AD Jr; Ding J; Lu X; Ferris AL; Clark PK; Hughes SH; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine (CABM),; Piscataway, NJ.; OBJECTIVES: Knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) in a catalytically relevant complex should potentially enable improved design of RT inhibitors. Molecular mechanisms of catalysis and drug resistance should also be illuminated through studies of the structure. METHODS: We are a
Biased T cell receptor V beta repertoire of peripheral blood derived and intestinal CD8+ T cells in HIV disease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th72 (abstract no. ThA 1539). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400114; Deusch K; Dahne I; Endres N; Reich K; Poppinger J; Jager H; Classen M 2d; Dept. of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Germany.; The hallmark of HIV disease is a progressive depletion of CD4+ T cells. Apart from cytolytic effects imposed by viral infection of CD4 cells other mechanisms such as autoimmune mediated cytotoxicity targeted to gp120 bound to the CD4 molecule or antiidiotypic cell interactions have been discussed. A striking feature d
Conservation of the TCR-V-beta chains repertoire in CD4+ T cells during progression of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th72 (abstract no. ThA 1541). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400115; Gorochov G; Autran B; Debre P; Sigaux F; Lab. Molecular Hematology, Hop. St Louis, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To study the hypothesis of a selective in-vivo deletion of T cell receptor (TCR) V-Beta chains as co-factors for CD4+ cell depletion in HIV disease. We studied the evolution of the usage of Beta chain repertoire during progression of the disease. METHODS: We performed a PCR analysis of the V-Beta segments
HIV-1 acts as a superantigen: TCR V beta expression regulates HIV replication.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th72 (abstract no. ThA 1538). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400116; Laurence J; Hodtsev AS; Posnett DN; Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New; York, New York 10021.; OBJECTIVES: Superantigens (SA), molecules recognized by T cells expressing specific Ag receptor (TCR) V beta gene products, bridge MHC and TCR, variously leading to cell stimulation, deletion or anergy. Mammalian retroviruses, as other pathogens, may encode SAs as a means to block generation of cellular immune reactiv
Positive selection of the V beta 5 TCR gene product in HIV infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th72 (abstract no. ThA 1537). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400117; Wilson SE; Gompels LC; Coates A; Habeshaw J; Dalgleish A; St. George's Hospital, London, England.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate if HIV infected individuals with normal CD4 counts show selective use of specific V beta TCR gene products. METHODS: PBMC were isolated from both HIV seropositive donors (CDC II) with normal CD4 counts (greater than 600) and healthy volunteers (controls). The percentage of CD3+ T cells bearin
T cell receptor V gene expression on CD4+ and CD8+ peripheral T cells from HIV+ patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th72 (abstract no. ThA 1540). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400118; Hodara V; Jeddi-Tehrani M; Grunewald J; Andersson R; Scariatti G; Holmberg V; Libonatti O; Wigzell H; Dpt. Immunology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.; OBJECTIVES: To analyze T cell receptor (TcR) V beta and J beta gene expression in HIV+ patients and to find out whether there is any relation between the disease progression and the expression of select TcR genes. METHODS: Peripheral blood was obtained from 2 HIV+ patients at clinical stage CDCII; 5 at stage III and 5
Epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma (EKS) in HIV uninfected (HIV-neg) homosexual (HS) men: clinical course and analysis for known human retroviral genomic sequences by PCR.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th73 (abstract no. ThB 1543). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400119; Saltzman BR; Friedman-Kien AE; Huang YQ; Li JJ; N.Y.U. Medical Center, NY.; OBJECTIVES: 1. Describe epidemiology and clinical course of HIV-neg EKS in HS men. 2. Determine presence or absence of known human retroviral genomic sequences in EKS tissue samples via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). METHODS: 1. Identification of HS men with EKS who are HIV-neg. 2. EIA, Western blot HIV p24 Ag, on s
High-dose chemotherapy (LNH84) for HIV associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Prospective study (141 pts). GELA-GICAT Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th73 (abstract no. ThB 1542). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400120; Oksenhendler E; Gisselbrecht C; Tirelli U; Gabaree J; Farcet JP; Lepage E; Monfardini S; Hop. St Louis, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an intensive combination chemotherapy (LNH84; JCO 08/89) in HIV-NHL and to define the major prognostic factors. PATIENTS: 141 patients with good performance status (PS less than 3) and no uncontrolled opportunistic infection were included from Jan 1988 to Jan 1991. Histology: Burkitt: 59 pts, di
Prospective study with combined low-dose chemotherapy and zidovudine for 37 patients (pts) with poor prognosis HIV-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (HIV-NHL). The French-Italian Cooperative Study Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th73 (abstract no. ThB 1544). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400121; Tirelli U; Oksenhendler E; Vaccher E; Errante D; Spina M; Crosato IM; Magnani G; Malfltano A; Salassa B; Lombardi F; et al; Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.; Since May 1988, within the French-Italian Cooperative Study Group. 37 consecutive patients with HIV-NHL and poor prognosis, i.e. with PS greater than or equal to 3 and/or opportunistic infections (OI) in the history were prospectively treated with combined low dose chemotherapy CHVmP Vincristine Bleo (50% reduced dosa
HIV-1 infection and modulation of cytokine and growth factor expression in AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma derived cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th74 (abstract no. ThD 1547). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400122; Kim K; Huang Y; Li J; Le J; Poiesz B; Friedman-Kien A; NYU Medical Center NYC.; HIV-1 INFECTION AND MODULATION OF CYTOKINE AND GROWTH FACTOR EXPRESSION IN AIDS-KAPOSI S SARCOMA DERIVED CELLS OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether HIV-1 is able to infect AIDS-KS derived cells in vitro and some physiological changes resulting from the infection. METHODS: Two different KS-derived cell lines were used in
Liposomal-encapsulated cytotoxic agent daunorubicin (LD) versus conventional three-drug chemotherapy (CC) in AIDS patients with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)--preliminary results.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th74 (abstract no. ThD 1545). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400123; Dormann A; Gruenewald T; Ross ME; Pohle HD; Ruf B; Schueler W; II. Dept. of Internal Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University; Hospital, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy and safety of LD with three-drug regimen using adriamycin, vinblastine and bleomycin in patients with advanced HIV-associated KS. METHODS: Two groups (each n = 7) designed as matched pairs by the degree of the disease and CD4+ lymphocyte counts and compared according to clinical and/or r
Prognostic factors for survival in AIDS patients with pulmonary Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) treated by chemotherapy (CT).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th74 (abstract no. ThD 1546). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400124; Cadranel J; Winter C; Kammoun S; Perrot A; Denis M; Rozenbaum MW; Akoun G; Mayaud C; Hopital Tenon, Paris, France.; AIDS patients (pts) with symptomatic pulmonary KS have spontaneous survival of less than 3 months. Recent reports in small groups of pts have shown that such evolution may be improved by CT. In this study, we have analysed prognostic factors for survival in 30 pts with symptomatic pulmonary KS treated with 3-drug chem
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase mutations in children treated with zidovudine.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th75 (abstract no. ThB 1549). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400125; Principi N; Vago T; Massironi E; Tornaghi R; De Pasquale MP; Picco P; Marchisio P; Pediatr Dept 4, University of Milan, Italy.; OBJECTIVE To evaluate the presence of HIV-1 mutations in HIV infected children treated with zidovudine (ZDV) METHODS 19 HIV infected children (9 P2A,4 P2AB,2 P2AC,1 P2AD1,3 P2AF) treated with ZDV (600 mg/m2/day) were prospectively followed-up monthly with clinical and laboratory controls. The presence of mutant HIV-1
Risk factors for the development of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th75 (abstract no. ThB 1548). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400126; Safrin S; Elbaggari A; Elbeik T; San Francisco General Hospital, University of California 94110.; OBJECTIVES: We performed a case-control study to determine the risk factors associated with the development of acyclovir-resistant HSV infection in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: The Research Virology Laboratory at San Francisco General Hospital has served as a reference laboratory for testing of antiviral susceptibi
'Frontloading' is associated with HIV infection among drug injectors in New York City.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1551). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400127; Jose B; Friedman SR; Neaigus A; Curtis R; Des Jarlais DC; Narcotic and Drug Research, Inc., NY, NY.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the extent to which frontloading is associated with exposure to HIV among injecting drug users (IDUs). Frontloading is a drug sharing practice in which an injector s syringe is used to measure drugs and to give a fair share to another injector by spouting the drug into another s syringe. M
High risk of HIV seroconversion among street intravenous drug users in Montreal.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1550). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400128; Soto J; Lamothe F; Bruneau J; Vinceiette J; Brabant M; Fauvel M; Saint-Luc Hospital, Quebec, Canada.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the incidence of HIV seroconversion in a cohort of intravenous drug users (IVDU) and to determine factors associated with the risk of HIV infection. METHODS: We considered eligible for inclusion any adult using intravenous drugs in the last 6 months. Subjects were referred by several treatment
HIV-1 infection among female injection drug users (IDU) in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, 1989-1991: increased seroprevalence rates for IDU who are lesbian/bisexual, racial/ethnic minorities or cocaine injectors. California HIV Seroprevalence Surveys Coordinating Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1553). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400129; Reardon J; Wilson MJ; Lemp GF; Gaudino JA; Snyder D; Elcock M; Nguyen S; OBJECTIVES: To determine HIV-1 seroprevalence rates and demographic and additional factors associated with HIV-1 infection among women with a history of injection drug use entering treatment in the San Francisco Bay Area. METHODS: During the period October 1, 1989--September 30, 1991 we conducted HIV-1 unlinked serosu
Incidence of HIV infection in intravenous drug users from Milan and northern Italy, 1987-91. (NISDA Study).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1552). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400130; Ciaffi L; Nicolosi A; Correa Leite ML; Musicco M; Molinari S; Lazzarin A; University of Milan.; OBJECTIVE: To monitor time trends of HIV infection s incidence and risk factors among intravenous drug users (IVDU) and study the dynamics of seroconversion rates in relation to behaviors, prevalence of the infection and other variables influencing the rate of parenteral and sexual HIV transmission. METHODS: All IVDU
Mortality predictors in a 7 year IVDA cohort study: roles of HIV, HTLV-2, age, gender and entry symptoms.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1555). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400131; Weiss SH; French J; Klein CW; Mayur RK; Altman R; UMD-NJ School of Medicine, Newark.; OBJECTIVES: Examine predictors of mortality in an ongoing study of injection drug users (IDU), particularly among those HIV seronegative (SN) on enrollment. METHODS: We administered an extensive questionnaire, and obtained blood for HIV and HTLV testing and storage, on 963 IDU from New Jersey in 1984. SN have been per
Rapid spread of HIV among injecting drug users of north-eastern India: a new risk group of transmission in India.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th76 (abstract no. ThC 1554). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400132; Sarkar SK; Sarkar K; Ponda S; Naik TN; Singh BC; Tripathy SP; Pal SC; NICED, Calcutta, India.; OBJECTIVES: To study the high risk behaviours of the IDUs and monitor the HIV prevalence over last 5 yrs and find out the prevalence of the IDUs in the community. METHODS: North-eastern States of India border Myanmar and consist of less than 1%
Factors associated with acquiring sexually transmitted diseases in the U.S. Army.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1558). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400133; Rundell JR; Temoshok L; Blake SM; Sharp ES; Ledsky R; Div. of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research,; Wash DC.; OBJECTIVE. To identify factors associated with occurrence of STDs in an ethnically and geographically diverse sexually active population, as part of a large-scale survey of HIV risk-relevant behaviors. METHODS. The U.S. Army-Wide HIV/AIDS Survey was administered anonymously in a two-stage random probability design to
Heterosexually transmitted HIV among young Thai males.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1561). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400134; Theetranont C; Suprasert S; Romyen S; Tulvatana S; Nelson K; Celentano D; Wright N; Chiang Mai University, Thailand.; OBJECTIVE: The spread of HIV Infection in Thailand is reaching epidemic proportions, most notably among residents of northern provinces. Serosurveys have shown prostitutes and drug users to have high rates, although few studies have empirically documented risk factors. We assesse
HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases among sex workers and technical students in northeast Thailand.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1559). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400135; Ungchusak K; Rehle T; Aiemsukwat C; Kunasol P; Tharmaphornpilas P; Brinkman U; Siraprapasiri T; Division of Epidemiology, MOPH Thailand.; OBJECTIVES: To study the epidemiology and social behavior of female commercial sex workers (CSWs) and male technical school students in a major Northeastern city, in order to better plan HIV intervention programs. METHODS: As a result of cooperation and trust between brothel owners and public health officials, about 2
HIV-infected adolescents: risk behaviors and clinical status of a New York City cohort.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1560). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400136; Futterman D; Cohn J; Monte D; Shaffer N; Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.; OBJECTIVE: To determine risk behaviors and clinical status of HIV+ adolescents followed at a New York City clinic for HIV+ and high risk youth (age 13-21y). METHODS: At intake and during periodic followup, HIV+ adolescents (N = 60) assessed via clinical interview and examination regarding sexual and drug use behavior
Sexual behaviour and sexually transmitted disease in Kenya: opportunities for intervention.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1557). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400137; Bradley JE; Muia E; Ngugi EN; Njeru EK; Eldridge G; Olenja J; Wotton K; Ronald AR; Plummer FA; Moses S; International Projects Assistance Services, Nairobi, Kenya.; OBJECTIVE: To identify appropriate entry points for intervening to reduce the transmission of STDs in Kenya , including HIV infection, by examining behaviour which puts individuals at risk. METHODS: Questionnaires were administered by trained interviewers to 382 patients with STDs at
STDs among HIV seropositive patients of a referral hospital in India and their role in transmission of HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th77 (abstract no. ThC 1556). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400138; Jacob M; Dept. of Dermatology, Christian Medical College & Hospital,; Vellore, India.; AIM: To study the pattern and incidence of STDs in HIV seropositive individuals and their role as risk factors in the transmission of HIV. METHODS: All new patients attending the STD clinic during the period OCT 86 to JAN 92 were included. Demographic data and sexual history were recorded. The diagnosis of various S
How much is spent on AIDS in the world and where does the money go?: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1564). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400139; Tarantola D; Finlay J; Cameron C; Netter T; Moore L; Mann J; Global AIDS Policy Coalition, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the magnitude and trends of financing of AIDS programs from domestic and international sources and describe patterns of resource allocation to prevention, care and research in industrialized and developing countries. METHODS: Through a large scale survey, national AIDS program managers, overse
National AIDS Control Program in Senegal: results of activities 1990-1991.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1566). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400140; Sakho ML; Ndoye I; Mboup S; Coll Seck M; Fall B; Diakhate L; Sarr LC; Comite SIDA Senegal.; OBJECTIVES: To control the AIDS epidemic and to promote preventive attitudes and behavior. METHODS: 1) Establishment of a National Committee Against AIDS to implement a medium term National Program (NP). 2) Evaluation of this Program. RESULTS: TABULAR DATA, SEE ABSTRACT VOLUME. DISCUSSION: The overall result was posit
Primary AIDS prevention: federal policy issues in the United States.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1563). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400141; Bailey WA; Governmental support for primary AIDS prevention in the United States has been lacking and uneven. The cultural and historical forces that have shaped modern American society have resulted in the imposition of significant restrictions on governmental support for innovative, explicit an
The design and implementation of national medium term plan for prevention and control of AIDS (MTP) in China.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1562). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400142; Dai Z; Qi XQ; Su XH; Department of Epidemic Prevention, Ministry of Public Health,; PRC.; ISSUE: In collaboration with WHO, the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) developed the MTP in March 1990 and began to implement it late of the same year. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: The design of the MTP was based on the tradition of our health policy of prevention first. The main objective of the plan is to prevent the spr
Worldwide responses to HIV prevention.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th78 (abstract no. ThD 1565). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400143; Cohen M; Tarantola D; Netter T; Case P; Back S; Mann J; Global AIDS Policy Coalition, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVE: To analyze national policies and strategies related to HIV/AIDS prevention in the world, 1991. METHODS: A 35 country survey, representing 85% of the estimated number of HIV infections and 75% of the population in the world, was conducted between 12/91 and 3/92. Respondents were managers of National AIDS Pro
Dideoxynucleoside resistance patterns in clinical isolates of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th79 (abstract no. ThA 1569). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400144; McLeod G; Mayers D; McCutchan F; Sanders-Buell E; Hammer S; New Eng Deaconess Hosp, Boston.; OBJECTIVES: 1) To characterize the dideoxynucleoside (DDN) sensitivities of isolates of HIV-1 obtained from patients receiving ddl; 2) To determine the amino acid sequence of the RT of these isolates; 3) To describe a unique isolate which is high level AZ
Evolution of zidovudine resistant HIV-1 isolates assessed by clonal analysis.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th79 (abstract no. ThA 1571). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400145; Tijnagel J; Kellam P; Larder B; Boucher C; UvA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the evolution of 5 zidovudine conferring mutations on the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) gene during therapy. METHODS: Sequential HIV-1 isolates obtained from 2 initially asymptomatic individuals who progressed to AIDS during zidovudine therapy, were analyzed. The viral genome encoding for R
Functional analysis of HIV type 1 reverse transcriptase resistance to diverse nonnucleoside inhibitors.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th79 (abstract no. ThA 1567). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400146; Emini EA; Sardana VV; Byrnes VW; Register RB; Schleif WA; Condra JH; Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, PA; 19486.; OBJECTIVES: The HIV type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme is specifically inhibited by a structurally diverse series of recently described nonnucleoside compounds. These include the pyridinone derivatives L-696, 229 and L-697, 661 as well as BI-RG-587 and the TIBO compounds. HIV-1 variants have been reporte
Heterogeneity of T cell recognition of the SIV envelope glycoprotein.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th79 (abstract no. ThA 1572). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400147; Jones W; Barnard A; Slade A; Mills KH; NIBSC, South Mimms, Herts, U.K.; OBJECTIVE: To examine the specificity of macaque CD4+ MHC class II-restricted T cells for the SIV envelope glycoprotein. METHODS: CD4+ T cell lines and clones specific for the SIV env glycoprotein were established from cynomolgus macaques immunised with either recombinant env or inactivated SIV vaccines. The epitope s
Identification and significance of a fifth mutation in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase contributing to zidovudine resistance.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th79 (abstract no. ThA 1568). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400148; Kellam P; Larder BA; Boucher CA; Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, U.K.; OBJECTIVES: Analysis of HIV isolates from individuals receiving zidovudine monotherapy has revealed the presence of four mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) which confer high level resistance to zidovudine, namely Asp67- Asn, Lys70- Arg, Thr215- Tyr or Phe and Lys219- Gln. However, it was clear from the stud
Novel mutation sites in reverse transcriptase (RT) of AZT-resistant HIV-1 map to the active site of an RT model.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th79 (abstract no. ThA 1570). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400149; Levantis P; Stein C; Lindborg B; Broadhurst K; Oxford J; LHMC, London, U.K.; OBJECTIVES: To analyse, at the molecular level, the RT sequence of the pol gene of HIV-1 from 5 AZT treated patients, to identify potential sites of mutation giving viral drug resistance and to relate these sites of mutation to a three dimensional mod
Adoptive transfer of a nef-specific CTL clone into hu-PBL-SCID mice and an HIV-infected patient.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th80 (abstract no. ThA 1573). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400150; Koenig S; van Kuyk R; Jones G; Torbett B; Mosier D; Brewah YA; Leath S; Davey VJ; Yannelli J; Rosenberg S; et al; MedImmune Inc, Gaithersburg, MD.; OBJECTIVE: We have previously demonstrated that nef-specific CTL can inhibit HIV replication in vitro. Preliminary studies indicated that adoptive transfer of CTL to SCID mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes (hu-PBL-SCID) just prior to HIV challenge can prevent infection in 20% of the animals. In
Characterisation of several promiscuous CTL epitopes in the C-terminal region of NEF.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th80 (abstract no. ThA 1576). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400151; Hadida F; Samri A; Hosmalin A; Spohn R; Jung G; Debre P; Autran B; Lab. Cell. Immunol, Hop. Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE: NEF is an early regulatory protein known for its high immunogenicity. We have previously described an immunodominant region for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in its C-terminus (AA 182-206). The aim of this study was to determine whether: 1/ this region contained several CTL epitopes as predicted by theoreti
Identification of cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes and analysis of sequence variation in a laboratory worker infected with HIV-1 IIIB.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th80 (abstract no. ThA 1574). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400152; Johnson RP; Trocha A; Dynan M; D'Aquila R; Blattner W; Walker BD; Mass. General Hosp., Boston.; OBJECTIVES: To identify cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes using target cells expressing homologous viral proteins and to analyze the extent of sequence variation in HIV-1 DNA coding for these CTL epitopes. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from a laboratory worker infected with HIV-1
Limited T cell receptor gene usage in HIV-1 envelope specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes from an infected individual.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th80 (abstract no. ThA 1575). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400153; Kalams S; Johnson RP; Trocha A; Dynan MJ; Kurnick JT; Walker BD; Infectious Disease Unit, Mass. General Hosp., Boston.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the T cell receptor (TCR) gene usage of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) with known epitope specificity and class I HLA restriction from an HIV-1 infected individual. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from a seropositive individual were cloned at limiting dilution in the presenc
Prospective evaluation of hairy leukoplakia and oral candidosis as predictor markers of AIDS in Mexican HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th81 (abstract no. ThB 1577). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400154; Ramirez-Amador V; De la Rosa E; Gonzalez M; Gonzalez A; Hernandez C; Rivera I; Ponce-de-Leon S; Ponce-de-Leon S; UAM-X, Mexico D.F.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prognostic significance of hairy leukoplakia (HL) and oral candidosis (OC) for the subsequent development of AIDS in HIV-infected mexican patients. METHODS: Sixty-four HIV-antibody positive individuals; 30 (CDC-II), 34 (CDC-III), were followed prospectively for a period from 6 to 24 months.
Acid dissociation of immune complexes improves the diagnostic utility of P24 antigen detection in perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th82 (abstract no. ThC 1579). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400155; Quinn TC; Kline R; Moss M; Livingston RA; Hutton N; NIAID, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVE: Detection of p24 antigen in perinatally infected children as a diagnostic assay has been limited due to immune complex formation with passively transferred maternal anti-p24 antibody. Since acid treatment of serum is known to disrupt immune complexes, we examined the diagnostic utility of the p24 antigen as
HIV infection in newborns: evidence for viral replication within the first weeks of life.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th82 (abstract no. ThC 1581). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400156; Krivine A; Firtion G; Cao L; Francoual C; Henrion R; Lebon P; Hopital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: we have conducted a prospective longitudinal study to evaluate the HIV status of 50 infants born to HIV seropositive mothers within the first weeks of life. METHODS: blood samples were obtained at birth, 4-9 weeks and 5-9 months and were tested for HIV-1 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), viral culture an
HIV-1-specific urinary antibodies excreted by infants of HIV-1-infected women.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th82 (abstract no. ThC 1582). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400157; Bauer G; Johnson JP; Lewis GK; Tuskan R; Hines SE; Nair P; Umovitz HB; Cole GA; School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore.; OBJECTIVES: Because, in adults, IgG reactive specifically with gp160 is detectable in urine during HIV infection, (Cao, Y.Z. et al., Lancet 1988; I:831-32) we are assaying urine samples from infants of HIV-infected women for such antibodies to determine whether their presence is diagnostic of perinatal HIV transmissio
PCR and HIV-IGA for early infant diagnosis of perinatal HIV infection. The NYC Perinatal HIV Transmission Collaborative Study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th82 (abstract no. ThC 1580). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400158; Shaffer N; Ou CY; Abrams EJ; Krasinski K; Parekh B; Thomas P; Bamji M; Moore J; Kilbourne B; George R; et al; CDC, Atlanta, GA.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and HIV-specific IgA (HIV-IgA) as early diagnostic tests for infection in children born to HIV-1 infected mothers. METHODS: HIV-exposed children were enrolled at birth, beginning in 1986, and followed prospectively at 2-3 month intervals for at least 15 months
Virus isolation, PCR and neuro-developmental delay in children who are HIV seroreverters (P-3).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Th82 (abstract no. ThC 1578). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400159; Wiznia A; Conroy J; Liu HK; Nozyce M; Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center.; OBJECTIVES: To compare results of HIV virus isolation, HIV-1 PCR amplification, laboratory and clinical studies in a population of HIV-seroreverter children (CDC Classification P-3). METHODS: 102 HIV-seronegative children known to be HIV-seropositive at birth (P-3) underwent the following laboratory evaluations: HIV a
Infection of SIVmac-chimeric viruses having HIV-1 env gene to macaque monkeys.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0501). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400160; Hayami M; Shibata R; Sakuragi S; Igarashi T; Adachi A; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.; OBJECTIVE: As HIV-1 is able to infect only higher primates, construction of chimeric viruses between HIV-1 and SIVMAC infectable to macaque monkey was attempted to establish HIV-1-macaque monkey infection system. METHODS: A series of chimeric viruses were constructed in vitro between HIV-1 (NL 432) and SIVMAC (239) in
Macaca nemestrina: a new primate model for HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0500). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400161; Agy MB; Frumkin L; Corey L; Coombs R; Wolinsky S; Morton W; Koehler J; Katze MG; Regional Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, University; of Washington, Seattle.; OBJECTIVE: To develop a useful animal model for HIV-1 infection in a macaque species. METHODS: Macaque PBMC from 3 species were purified from ficoll, PHA stimulated for 72 hours, and infected by HIV-1LAI or SIVmne. Further, M. nemestrina PBMC from several animals were similarly prepared and infected by 2 additional HI
Neutralization of primary HIV-1 isolates by sera from primates immunized with recombinant HIV-SF2 gp120.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0504). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400162; Haigwood N; Yoshiyama H; McClure J; Ho DD; Steimer KS; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA.; OBJECTIVES: Effective immunization of experimental animals, and ultimately humans, with subunit vaccines against HIV-1 will require the induction of broad-spectrum immune responses. Neutralizing antibodies induced by subunit immunization were examined in an effort (1) to determine the capacity of these sera to neutral
Serial in vivo passage of SIV from infected macaques with end stage viremia results in dramatic increase in strain virulence.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0502). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400163; Holterman L; Niphuis H; Dubbes R; Koornstra W; Murphy-Corb M; Heeney J; Dept. of Chronic and Infectious Diseases, ITRI-TNO, Rijswijk, The; Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: To determine if repeated passage of SIV in vivo results in increased virulence as measured by the progression time to AIDS. METHODS: Ten age matched juvenile Macaca mulatta were infected with an equivalent dose of SIVB670. The first animal to develop AIDS (7 months) was the donor of 2 x 10(6) PBMC or lymph
SIV-related malignant lymphomas express transforming EBNA-like proteins and B-cell activation antigens.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0503). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400164; Feichtinger H; Li SL; Emberg I; Kaaya EE; Putkonen P; Biberfeld G; Biberfeld P; Dep. of Pathology, Univ. of Innsbruck, Austria.; OBJECTIVES: Characterization of the lymphoma subtype and demonstration of the pathogenic importance of a cynomolgus B-lymphotropic herpes virus (CBLV) in SIV-related lymphomas of cynomolgus monkeys in analogy to corresponding EBV-associated AIDS lymphomas. METHODS: 33 cynomolgus monkeys were infected with simian immun
Very broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody (HuMAb) against the CD4-binding site of HIV-1 gp120.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu27 (abstract no. TuA 0505). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400165; Tilley SA; Honnen WJ; Racho ME; Hilgartner M; Pinter A; Public Health Res. Inst., NY, NY.; OBJECTIVE: To develop HuMAbs against HIV with potent, broadly neutralizing activity. METHODS: HuMAb 5145A was derived by EBV-transformation of PBMC from an asymptomatic, seropositive hemophiliac and characterized essentially as described for HuMAb 1125H [Tilley et al. (1991) Res. Virol. 142:247]. Neutralization and sy
Clonal restriction of human anti-HIV-1 antibodies.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu28 (abstract no. TuA 0509). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400166; Muller S; Wang H; Silverman GJ; Bramlet G; Haigwood N; Goudsmit J; Kohler H; San Diego Regional Cancer Center, CA.; Clonal antibody restriction in healthy individuals infected with HIV-1 was detected when using the criteria of skewed light chain lambda or kappa isotype expression by antibodies directed to the HIV-1 p24, gp 120 or reverse transcriptase (RT, p65). Isoelectric focusing of affinity purified anti-p24 and anti-gp 120 ant
Human anti-V3 monoclonal antibody neutralizes broad class of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu28 (abstract no. TuA 0506). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400167; Zolla-Pazner S; Gorny MK; Conley AJ; Buchbinder A; Emini E; Koenig S; Karwowska S; Xu JY; VA Med Ctr, New York, NY.; OBJECTIVES: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the V3 loop have been synonymous with type specificity, implying a narrow range of biological activity. However, studies of virus sequences show a finite number of motifs at the tip of the V3 loop. Conversely, mAbs to the CD4 binding domain (alpha CD4bd) were thought to defi
HIV-1: control of humoral immunity through clonal dominance.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu28 (abstract no. TuA 0508). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400168; Nara PL; Muller S; Kohler H; Goudsmit J; FCRDC, Frederick, MD.; OBJECTIVES: Early studies with HIV-1 suggested that a weak or poor immune response was responsible for the viruses success in the human host. Paradoxically however, the viral envelope contains at least 2 immunodominant, functional, and cross-reactive epitopes which elicit an autologous neutralizing antibody isolate wi
Mechanism of synergistic neutralization of HIV-1 by human monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs) against the V3-loop and CD4-binding site of gp120.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu28 (abstract no. TuA 0507). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400169; Pinter A; Honnen WJ; Tilley SA; S. A. Public Health Research Institute, New York, N.Y. 10016.; OBJECTIVES: Last year we reported that HuMAbs against the V3-loop and the CD4-binding site of gp120 exhibit potent synergistic neutralization of HIV-1. To determine the molecular basis of this synergy, detailed studies of the binding of these HuMAbs to native env proteins of HIV-1 virions were performed. METHODS: H9 c
Clinical description of 650 children with AIDS in Constanta- Romania.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0515). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400170; Matusa R; Ilie M; Spitalul Municipal, Constanta, Romania.; OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiologic and clinical features between 2 month and 5 years old of 650 cases of paediatric AIDS identified in Constanta district in Romania since September 1989. METHODS: Because of the lack of opportunistic infectious diagnosis with exception of TB,
Early detection of HIV-1 infection in infants of seropositive mothers by acid dissociated HIV p24 antigen.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0512). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400171; Miles SA; Baldwin E; Magpantay L; Wei L; Stiehm R; Toedter G; Hofheinz D; Bryson Y; UCLA CARE Center.; OBJECTIVES: Early identification of HIV-1 infection in infants born to seropositive mothers is important. We evaluated a rapid, simple serologic assay for its ability to correctly identify HIV infection in this population. METHODS: Coulter HIV p24 antigen assay was performed with glycine-HCl dissociation and tris-buff
Efficacy and tolerance of zidovudine (AZT) in HIV1 infected children: the Italian Multicenter Study. Italian Pediatric A2T Trials Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0514). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400172; Castelli G; Benaglia G; Campelli A; Caselli D; Chiodo F; Duse M; Elia L; Fundaro C; Giaquinto C; Guzzanti E; et al; OBJECTIVE: A nationwide programme has been set up to investigate the tolerance and the efficacy of long term oral AZT administration in HIV infected children. METHODS: In 45 centers participating in the programme 272 patients (2 months to 14 years) wi
Evaluation of clinical and laboratory markers of cervicitis in STD patients in Malawi.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0510). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400173; Dallabetta G; Miotti P; Liomba G; Chiphangwi J; Wangel AM; Nyirenda M; Saah A; Meyers L; Graham N; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.; OBJECTIVE: To establish the diagnostic utility of cervical friability (CX FRIAB) and cervical discharge (CX DIS) on physical exam and leukocyte esterase dipstick (LED) for cervicitis caused by N. gonorrhoeae (GC) or C. trachomatis (CT) in an STD clinic. METHODS: 505 consecutive women presenting to an STD clinic had a
Measles vaccine response and clinical measles in HIV-infected children.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0513). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400174; Hoyt L; Palumbo P; Demasio K; Oleske J; Connor E; Department of Pediatrics, UMD-New Jersey Medical School.; OBJECTIVES: To describe measles serostatus, vaccine responsiveness and the course of measles infection in a cohort of HIV-infected children during an epidemic in Newark, New Jersey 1990-91. METHODS: Medical records of HIV-infected children followed at the Children s Hospital AIDS Program were reviewed to obtain result
355 viral cultures and antigenemia for the diagnosis of HIV infection in newborn: a three years experience. The French Collaborative Study Group on HIV Infection in Newborns.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu29 (abstract no. TuB 0511). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400175; Burgard M; Rouzioux C; Blanche S; Mayaux MJ; Griscelli C; Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To assess the diagnostic value of viral culture and antigenemia in neonates included in the French Pediatric Prospective Study since 1988. PATIENTS: From April 1988 to August 1991, 355 samples from neonates born to HIV-1 mothers were tested in the Virology s Laboratory of Hopital Necker, 145 infants had a
A program of assistance in ethics and legal affairs--appeal of protection in Venezuela.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0516). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400176; Carrasco E; OPL-SIDA/MSAS (Office for Prevention and Control of AIDS,; Venezuelan Ministry of Health.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: HIV/AIDS pandemic is not only a problem of public health, affecting our community, but also a problem of humanity with ample social, cultural, economic, political and legal dimensions and consequences. Discrimination and rejection of people with HIV/AIDS and the so-called risk-groups, affect seriously t
Anti-discrimination policies in the US increase use of HIV testing.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0519). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400177; Phillips KA; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San; Francisco.; OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the association between 1988 state screening policies and voluntary HIV testing utilization. Most states regulate screening, but states vary widely in their policies. Previous studies have not controlled for other factors related to utilization or have analyzed data not representative o
Denial of medical care or insurance coverage for AIDS/HIV disease: an ethical issue in Rio de Janeiro.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0517). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400178; Ramos-Filho CF; Vieira W; Berbara V; Fahrat J; Lacerda MC; Melo LA; Regional Council of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro (CREMERJ).; PROBLEM: In Rio de Janeiro, HIV-infected individuals are often denied medical attention and/or health insurance coverage, once their condition is known. ACTION: CREMERJ is an independent, statutory institution, to which all practising physicians in the State must belong. Any health institution, or third-party paying o
Discrimination and seropositive women in Mexico.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0518). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400179; Marquez A; Licea G; GIS-SIDA, AC., Mexico, D.F.; PROBLEM: Seropositive women in Mexico should face a double discrimination, first as HIV seropositive and second as women; besides they are confronting many problems of social, clinical, medical and psychological nature. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: Through in-depth interviews to HIV wom
Discrimination in AIDS-related services experienced by U.S. black gay and bisexual men.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu30 (abstract no. TuD 0520). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400180; Bellinger G Jr; Mays VM; Cochran SD; Black C.A.R.E., LA, CA.; OBJECTIVE: When U.S. homosexually active Black men seek AIDS-related services, they face the possibility of racial and/or sexual orientation discrimination. Although an issue frequently raised by ethnic minority activists, little research has documented the types and extent of this discrimination. METHODS: Questionnai
Alteration of the cytoplasmic domain of HIV-1 transmembrane protein: potential for interference with HIV-1 replication.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0526). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400181; Yu X; Yuan X; Essex M; Lee TH; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.; OBJECTIVES: To study the functional role of the cytoplasmic domain of HIV-1 transmembrane protein (TM) in viral replication, and the potential use of gp41 mutants to block HIV-1 replication. METHODS: In-frame stop codons were introduced into the region of the gp41 cytoplasmic domain. Viral Env protein synthesis, proce
Modulation of immune functions by anti-HIV nucleoside analogues.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0522). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400182; Calio R; Del Gobbo V; Perno CF; Villani N; Balestra E; Sesa F; Jindrich I; Holy A; Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Univ. Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To assess the immunomodulatory activity of inhibitors of HIV replication. METHODS: C57/B16 mice were inoculated with various concentrations of AZT or the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues: 9-(2-phosphonyl-methoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA)
Selective killing of booby trapped cells prevents viral spread in an HIV-infected cell population.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0524). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400183; Caruso M; Tzikas G; Roussel M; Alizon M; Klatzmann D; CNRS URA D1463, Hopital de la Pitie-Salpetriere, France.; We constructed HIV-trigerred booby trapped cells for gene therapy of HIV infection by placing a gene encoding a toxic protein under the control of the HIV regulatory sequences. We used the expression of diphtheria toxin (DTA) as a sensitive assay to investigate whether one could achieved appropriate control of the tox
Structure activity relationships of novel phosphate derivatives of AZT.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0521). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400184; McGuigan C; Kinchington D; Jeffres DJ; O'Connor TJ; Dept of Virology, St Bartholomews Hospital Medical College,; London, England.; OBJECTIVES: Phosphate derivatives of AZT have been prepared as membrane-soluble pro-drugs of the bio-active nucleotide forms. Over two hundred novel structures have been prepared, which shows a wide range of activities against HIV-1 in vitro. We have
Therapeutic potential of HIV-2/SIV VPX as a virion-specific interfering molecule (VSIM) against HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0525). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400185; Matsuda Z; Yu XF; Yu QC; Essex M; Lee TH; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.; OBJECTIVES: We define a virion-specific interfering molecule (VSIM) as a molecule which can be specifically targeted into virions to disrupt their structure or function. The essential elements of a potential VSIM are a virion-association motif and a potential interfering domain. Toward the design of a VSIM against HIV
TSAO derivatives represent a novel class of potent, selective and specific inhibitors of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu31 (abstract no. TuA 0523). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400186; Balzarini J; Perez-Perez MJ; San-Felix A; Velazquez S; Camarasa MJ; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U. Leuven, Belgium.; A novel class of nucleoside analogues (i.e. 1-[2 ,5 -bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D-ribofuranosyl]-3 - spiro- 5-[4-amino-1,2-oxathiole-2,2-di-oxide]pyrimidines), designated TSAO, have been found to be potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), but not HIV-2, simian immunode
A prospective study of genital neoplasia and human papillomavirus (HPV) in HIV infected women.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0527). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400187; Klein RS; Adachi A; Fleming I; Ho GY; Burk R; Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.; OBJECTIVE: To determine colposcopic findings and clinical outcome in HIV+ women with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) on PAP smears. METHODS: HIV+ and HIV- women from a methadone maintenance treatment program who were enrolled in a study of the natural history of HIV infection had interview for HIV and HPV risk
Cervical abnormalities in Malawian women co-infected with human papilloma virus (HPV) and HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0529). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400188; Miotti P; Dallabetta G; Liomba G; Wangel A; Daniel R; Saah A; Shah K; Chiphangwi J; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL), HPV infection and HIV-1 infection in Malawian women. METHODS: 286 post-partum women of known HIV-1 serostatus were administered a questionnaire and had an STD screen and PAP smear. Blood samples were obtained for measurement
Cervical cytology and genital infections in HIV + women.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0530). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400189; Keller J; Anderson J; Abrams J; Stanton D; Chaisson RE; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.; OBJECTIVE: To describe the results of cervical cytology and associated variables in a population of women with HIV infection. METHODS: Retrospective chart and pap smear review conducted on 78 HIV+ women at the Johns Hopkins Hospital HIV clinic. RESULTS: The racial distribution was 83% black, 17% white. The mean age wa
Cervical dysplasia in HIV infection in Senegal.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0531). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400190; Faye-Ndao MA; Diack-Mbaye A; Woto-Gaye G; Critchlow C; Langley C; Kiviat N; Coll-Seck AM; Faculty of Medicine, Dakar, Senegal.; OBJECTIVES: To determine whether an association exists between HIV infection and cervical dysplasia. METHODOLOGY: A case-control study has been underway at the Infectious Diseases Department in Dakar ( Senegal ) from June 1991 to February 1992. Women enrolled in the study underwent
Cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its correlation with immune status and Papanicolaou smear abnormalities.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0528). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400191; Regevik N; Sen P; Raska K Jr; Raskova J; Middleton J; Nilsson S; Jiminez G; Jenson AB; Raritan Bay Med. Ctre., P.A., N.J.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the significance of cervical human papilloma (HPV) infection and its correlation with immune status and Papanicolaou (PAP) smear abnormalities in women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHOD: Study subjects were recruited from the outpatient HIV/AIDS women s clinic. An ext
Relationship of CD4 cell counts to cervical cytologic abnormalities and gynecologic infections in 150 HIV-infected women.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu32 (abstract no. TuB 0532). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400192; Anastos K; Denenberg R; Solomon L; Rein S; Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, NY.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship of immune function as measured by CD4-cell counts and clinical disease stage with the prevalence of cervical cytologic abnormalities and gynecologic infections in HIV-infected women in continuity care in an inner-city community. METHODS: Data were collected from all screening
HIV-1 infection and recurrence of tuberculosis, Nairobi, Kenya.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0538). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400193; Hawken M; Nunn P; Gathua S; Godfrey-Faussett P; Brindle R; Githui W; Odhiambo J; Gilks C; Morris J; McAdam K; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.; OBJECTIVE: To compare the recurrence rate of tuberculosis among HIV-1 positive and negative patients. METHODS: 63 HIV-1 positive and 136 HIV-1 negative patients completed treatment with either thiacetazone and isoniazid daily for 12 months supplemented by streptomycin for the first month only, or daily rifampicin, iso
Mortality in HIV-associated tuberculosis treated with two different drug regimens.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0533). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400194; Nunn P; Odhiambo J; Githui W; Gathua S; Wasunna K; Morris J; McAdam K; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.; OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare mortality rates and causes among HIV-1 infected TB patients treated with either standard or short course drug regimens. METHODS: 107 HIV+ and 174 HIV- TB patients were enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study and followed monthly in Nairobi, Kenya .
Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in patients infected with HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0535). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400195; Busillo C; Mullen M; Soumakis S; Lessnau K; Sanjana V; Davidson M; Talavera W; Cabrini Medical Center, New York, N.Y. 10003.; Outbreaks of MDR-TB in patients infected with HIV have recently been described. We report an increased rate of MDR-TB in patients hospitalized at our medical center with 24 of 72 patients with TB between 12/90 and 5/91 as compared with 8 of 132 patients from 1982-1987. Nineteen cases of MDR-TB were identified in patie
Outbreak of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among patients with HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0534). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400196; Fischl M; Uttamchandani R; Daikos G; Poblete R; Moreno J; Lai S. Univ. of Miami.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate an outbreak of MDR-TB in patients with HIV infection. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of TB among patients with HIV infection since 1988 and a nested case control study to evaluate risk factors for MDR-TB. RESULTS: Sixty-two cases with MDR-TB and 55 controls with susceptible-TB were identif
Preventive tuberculosis chemotherapy with isoniazide among persons infected with HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0536). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400197; Wadhawan D; Hira S; Mwansa N; Perine P; University Teaching Hospital, Zambia.; OBJECTIVES. 1. To determine the rate of development of active tuberculosis (TB) among HIV-infected persons; 2. To assess efficacy of isoniazide (INH) chemoprophylaxis in preventing development of active TB. METHODS. A randomized, single-blinded, controlled study is underway at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusak
Tuberculosis in infants born to HIV-infected mothers: a survey in a French obstetrical unit.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu33 (abstract no. TuB 0537). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400198; Firtion G; Gendrel D; Badoual J; Krivine A; Henrion R; Mandelbrot L; Bedouet J; OBJECTIVES: A retrospective study was performed to evaluate risk factors for tuberculosis in families with HIV-infected mothers. METHODS: Between July 1, 1986 and December 31, 1991, 162 infants born to 150 HIV-infected mothers were followed at the pediatric unit of our hospital. RESULTS: Tuberculosis was diagnosed (cl
Seric adenosine deaminase activity in mycobacterial infections in AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu34 (abstract no. TuB 0539). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400199; Veccia S; Giacometti A; Cinti B; Drenaggi D; Cirioni O; Scalise G; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Ancona, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to value the adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in sera of patients with AIDS and proved mycobacterial infection. METHODS: ADA activity was evaluated in sera of 17 subjects with mycobacterioses at the time of diagnosis: twelve infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and fi
Demographic characteristics and recent temporal trends in sexually transmitted disease in a military population.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu35 (abstract no. TuC 0541). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400200; Magruder C; Gardner L; Jenkins P; Evans K; Lado L; Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, NC.; OBJECTIVES: To examine sexually transmitted disease (STD) trends in a large military population and describe the characteristics of soldiers diagnosed with STDs. This information is being used to better target behavioral interventions for HIV prevention in a large population of mainly heterosexual, non IV drug using s
Effect of counseling on STD incidence in STD patients in Malawi.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu35 (abstract no. TuC 0540). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400201; Wynendaele B; Bomba W; M'Manga W; Demographic Unit, Chancellor College EC AIDS Project, MACP, LLWE,; Malawi.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of std counseling on std incidence and on risk reducing behaviour towards AIDS/HIV transmission in STD patients in Malawi . METHOD: A pretest, posttest control group design has been used. Indicators were established through interviews on KAPB relat
A trial approach to reaching gay men in a Muslim country.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0542). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400202; Neal RB Jr; Association Marocaine de Lutte Contre le SIDA, Rabat, Morocco.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: Communicating information about avoiding HIV infection to men who have sex with other men is perceived to be difficult if not impossible due to negative societal reactions to homosexual activity and the lack of a visible gay community. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: A trial project was set up that included goi
Developing peer group counselling services among the gay community in Bombay, India.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0547). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400203; Kavi AR; ISSUE: The homosexual community in Bombay has taken an initiative in developing a safer-sex educational intervention using peer group counselling services. The paper addresses the problems in a country where homosexuality is officially decried and the condom is heavily promoted as a family planning device. DESCRIPTION
Outcomes of a 16-city randomized field trial of a community-level HIV risk reduction intervention.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0543). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400204; Kelly JA; Sikkema KJ; Winett RA; Solomon LJ; Roffman RE; Kalichman SC; Stevenson LY; et al.; Med. College of WI.; OBJECTIVES: This project reports on a randomized, multicity field trial of a community-level HIV prevention model shown promising in earlier research for producing population-wide risk behavior change. Gay men in 16 small, isolated U.S. cities were studied, and the intervention tested a diffusion of innovation/peer in
Reaching out to gay bars and discotheques as a means of AIDS prevention: the safe sex promotion teams.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0546). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400205; Stoppelenburg E; Stichting Aanvullende Dienstverlening, Amsterdam.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: In gay bars and discotheques distribution of printed material such as posters or leaflets, as a prevention strategy has its limitations. Are there ways to affirm the social norm of having safe sex more effectively? And is it also possible to give gay men peer support about the coping strategies necessar
Staging sexual behavior change among men who have sex with men but do not gay identify.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0544). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400206; Rietmeijer C; Davis T; Martindale C; Kane M; Cole V; Schnell D; Cohn D; Denver Disease Control Service, CO.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate stages of behavior change (SBC) in a community-based intervention program for men who have sex with men but do not gay identify (MSM). METHODS: Based on principles from different behavior-change theories, a community-based intervention has been developed to promote safe-sex behavior among MSM.
Sustaining safe sex or relapse: gay men's response to HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu36 (abstract no. TuD 0545). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400207; Kippax S; Dowsett GW; Davis M; Rodden P; Crawford J; J. Macquarie University AIDS Research Unit, School of Behavioural; Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: The sustaining of safe sexual behaviour is of concern with respect to the prevention of HIV. This issue is explored with reference to a volunteer sample of men who have sex with men who took part in a longitudinal study. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: The sexual practices and safe sex strategies of the men wer
HIV-1 suppresses erythropoietin production in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0548). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400208; Scadden DT; Wang Z; Goldberg MA; Div. of Hematology/Oncology, New England Deaconess Hospital.; Serum erythropoietin (Epo) levels are depressed in anemic AIDS patients relative to controls. The basis for abnormal modulation of Epo has not been defined. The hepatoma cell line Hep3B produces Epo in response to hypoxia and serves as a model for the study of Epo regulation. Hep3B cells are infectible with HIV-1 and
Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) exerts dichotomous effects on different stages of HIV expression in persistently infected cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0553). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400209; Biswas P; Poli G; Kinter AL; Bressler P; Orenstein JM; Fauci AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of IFN-gamma on persistently HIV infected cell lines of T lymphocytic (J1) and promonocytic origin (U1). METHODS: U1 and J1 cells were cultured with IFN-gamma either alone or in the presence of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha/-beta (TNF-alpha/-beta)
Mucosal cytokine expression during progression of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0549). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400210; Reka S; Garro M; Kotler DP; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hosp, Columbia U, NY, NY.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the pattern of cytokine expression in rectal mucosa of HIV-infected individuals and to correlate cytokine expression with disease stage and HIV expression. Previous studies have correlated HIV antigen detection in the intestine with clinical symptoms and with histologic and biochemical evidenc
Multiple transcriptional pathways regulate HIV expression in persistently infected cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0552). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400211; Poli G; Kinter AL; Bressler P; Biswas P; Stanley SK; Fauci AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular mechanisms governing HIV expression in persistently infected cells of both T lymphocytic and monocytic origin. METHODS: Chronically infected cell lines were generated by limiting dilution cloning of the cell population surviving the acute phase of in vitro infection with either
RP 55778, a platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonist, inhibits expression of HIV in chronically infected promonocytic cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0550). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400212; Weissman D; Poli G; Bousseau A; Fauci AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential role of a pharmacological antagonist of PAF, RP 55778, on HIV replication in acutely as well as chronically infected cells. METHODS: CD4+ T and promonocytic cell lines (Jurkat, MT4, U937), mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were infected with HIV-1 in the pre
Tumor necrosis factor causes apoptotic cell death in HIV-infected CD4 positive cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu37 (abstract no. TuD 0551). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400213; Nobuyuki K; Department of Virology and Parasitology, Yamaguchi University,; School of Medicine, Japan.; OBJECTIVE: We have proposed the hypothesis (Virus Genes,4,183,1990, AIDS 5,1405,1991) that Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) possibly involved in the progression of AIDS. We found that TNF augment HIV replication (Jpn.J.Cancer Res. 79, 156,1988, Med.Microbiol.Immunol,177,181,1988, J. Virol.63,2504,1989) and at the same time
Acidification modified P24 antigen capture assay in HIV seropositives.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0554). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400214; Ascher DP; Roberts C; Fowler A; Wilford Hall Medical Center, San Antonio, TX.; INTRODUCTION: The p24 core antigen is a poor prognostic factor for disease progression in HIV infection. The p24 antigen is only detectable in a minority of asymptomatic HIV infected individuals and thus is a specific but not sensitive marker. The low recovery rate of p24 antigen is in part felt to be secondary to imm
Comparison of different quantitative techniques for the assessment of HIV viraemia.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0555). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400215; Bieniasz PD; Ariyoshi K; Weber JN; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To analyse the HIV load in peripheral blood by RNA PCR, DNA PCR, tissue culture infectious doses and antigen ELISA. METHODS: 12 HIV infected subjects were examined for their viral load in plasma and PBMC. Plasma TCID/ml and PBMC TCID/10(6) cells were determined by a limiting dilution tissue culture method u
Qualitative and quantitative detection of HIV nucleic acid sequences by NASBA(tm).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0558). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400216; Kok W; Klevits T; von Gemen B; Adriaanse H; von Strijp D; Schukkink R; Sooknanan R; Malek L; Huisman H; Bruisten S; et al; Organon Teknika, Boxtel, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: Use of NASBA(tm) technology to develop a method for sensitive and accurate non-radioactive detection of HIV RNA in clinical samples and a method for quantification of the viral load in these samples. METHODS: First a simple preparation method (based on GuSCN/silica) is used to isolate nucleic acid (DNA and
Quantification of HIV-1 viraemia for therapeutic trials: results from a culture independent method.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0557). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400217; Semple MG; Kaye S; Ayliffe UJ; Loveday C; Tenant-Flowers M; Weller IV; Tedder RS; Division of Virology, University College and Middlesex School of; Medicine, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between HIV-1 viraemia, disease progression, antiretroviral therapy and the emergence of drug resistant strains in the following patient groups: babies, children and adults. METHOD: Serum samples from 66 anti-HIV-1 negative blood donors, 6 anti-HIV-1 negative STD clinic atten
Rapid, specific detection of HIV-1 DNA in clinical specimens: performance evaluation of a PCR-microtiter plate hybridization assay.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0556). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400218; Dragon E; Butcher A; Kinard S; Kung K; McCreedy B; Salter L; Spadoro J; Wang J; Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. Branchburg, NJ.; OBJECTIVE: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a single-primer pair, coupled with a microtiter plate (MTP) hybridization format, has been evaluated for the detection of HIV-1 DNA in clinical specimens. METHODS: Leucocytes were obtained from whole blood by a rapid lysis procedure that eliminates the need for gradient
The cellular viral load in the blood of asymptomatic HIV-positive subjects is highly predictive of the rate of biological and clinical progression to AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu38 (abstract no. TuA 0559). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400219; Andrieu JM; Lu W; Manolikakis G; Tourani JM; Lowenstein W; Eme D; Israel-Biet, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Hopital Laennec,; Universite de Paris V, France.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the frequency of infectious HIV+ cells in the blood of asymptomatic subjects and the rate of circulating CD4 cell depletion and disease progression within the next 3 years. METHODS: Out of more than 1000 HIV-1 infected subjects who were referred to us, 103 were selected
A phase I/II study of the toxicity, immunogenicity and efficacy of recombinant gp160 and p24 vaccines (VAXSYN) in HIV-infected individuals regardless of CD4+ cell count.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0562). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400220; Blick G; Buchanan S; Crook S; Diamond M; Smith G; Volvovitz F; Southern New England Community Consortium, Greenwich, CT.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the toxicity, immunogenicity and efficacy of recombinant gp160 envelope precursor and p24 core proteins in HIV-infected individuals regardless of initial CD4+ cell count. PATIENT SELECTION: Initially, 30 individuals with AIDS, ARC and asymptomatic HIV infection were randomly enrolled in October
A randomized, controlled study of immunogenicity of rgp160 vaccine in HIV-infected subjects.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0561). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400221; Valentine F; Katzenstein D; Haslett P; Beckett L; Borucki M; Vasquez M; Smriti K; Smith G; Korvick J; Kagan J; et al; New York Univ. Med. Cntr.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the safety and immunogenicity of escalating doses of rgp160 in infected subjects with greater than 400 CD4 lymphocytes per mm3. METHODS: 52 healthy subjects seropositive for both HIV and hepatitis B surface antigen were randomized to receive immunizations with recombinant hepatitis vaccine, or
HIV vaccine therapy: phase 1 safety and immunogenicity using gp160.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0563). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400222; Redfield RR; Birx DL; Vahey M; Johnson S; Loomis L; Michael N; Polonis V; VanCott T; Davis C; Brundage J; et al; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long term safety and immunogenicity of rgp160 in patients with early HIV infection. METHODS: Thirty volunteers with Walter Reed Stage 1 and 2 HIV infection were immunized with a baculovirus expressed rgp160 vaccine using increasing dosage (40ug, 160ug, 640ug) via two immunization schedule (d
Immunogenicity and safety of rgp120(lai) in early stage HIV positive patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0564). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400223; Birx DL; Ammann A; Berman P; Lucas C; Gregory T; Obijeski J; Twaddell T; Aronson N; Johnson S; Kim J; et al; WRAIR, Washington, DC.; OBJECTIVE: Determination of safety and immunogenicity of rgp120(lai) in early stage HIV positive patients. METHODS: Forty-two early stage HIV infected patients from Walter Reed Army Medical Center have been enrolled into a multiple dose (100, 300, 600 ug) and schedule (0, 1, 4, 8, 16 vs. 0, 8, 16 weeks) rgp120(lai) tr
Specific active immunotherapy in asymptomatic HIV disease using recombinant gp160.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0560). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400224; Tsoukas C; Sampalis J; Gold P; O'Shaughnessy M; Wainberg M; Smith G; Volvovitz F; McGill AIDS Center, Montreal, Canada.; OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant HIV envelope precursor protein VaxSyn (R) (rgp160) HIV-1 in HIV infected asymptomatic individuals with CD4 counts much greater than 500 cells/mm3. METHODS--21 patients (pts) were enrolled in a phase I study. Ten received 160ug (Group A) and 11 receive
The challenge posed by collaborative HIV vaccine trials in developing countries.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu39 (abstract no. TuB 0565). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400225; Mugerwa RD; Dept. Medicine, Makerere Medical School.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: Many developing countries have high HIV incidence rates. These conditions make such countries ideal sites for HIV vaccine efficacy studies. However, HIV vaccine trials pose many ethical, legal and logistical problems in addition to straining the existing human and material resources. DESCRIPTION OF PROJ
High risk of active tuberculosis in HIV-positive anergic drug injectors; effectiveness of isoniazid prophylaxis in tuberculin reactors.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0567). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400226; Sckell B; Selwyn PA; Alcabes P; Schoenbaum E; Klein R; Friedland G; Montefiore Medical Ctr./Albert Einstein Coll. of Medicine, Bronx,; NY.; OBJECTIVES: (1) To determine the risk of active tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected (HIV+) injecting drug users (IDUs) with cutaneous anergy, and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis in HIV+ tuberculin reactors (PPD+) in a methadone maintenance treatment program (MMTP). METHODS: Design: Histo
Multidrug resistant nosocomial tuberculosis outbreaks in HIV-infected persons. Tuberculosis Outbreak Investigation Groups.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0568). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400227; Dooley S; Edlin B; Pearson M; Ikeda R; Coronado V; Valway S; Crawford J; Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.; OBJECTIVE: Identify factors leading to nosocomial transmission of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB). METHOD: Clusters of MDRTB cases were investigated in 6 hospitals. RESULTS: Between 1988 and 1991, nosocomial outbreaks of MDRTB ranging 17-29 cases occurred in 4 New York City (NYC) hospitals and a fifth hospita
Survival and outcome in a cohort of 249 HIV (+) mothers followed for 60 month post-partum period in Kinshasa.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0566). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400228; Matela B; Mundele L; Mosengo M; Nsuami M; Manzila T; St. Louis Me; Heyward W; Project Sida, Kinshasa, Zaire.; OBJECTIVE: To define the natural history of HIV-1 infection in HIV(+) mothers, in Zaire . METHODS: Since December 1986, all pregnant women presenting to the maternity in active labor, were tested for HIV-1 antibodies. A consent was then asked in order to participate to the study. A
The distribution of discharges with HIV infection and tuberculosis in New York City: 1988-1990.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0570). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400229; Eastwood EA; Callaghan M; Bonuck K; Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY.; OBJECTIVES: To examine the demographic and clinical features associated with geographic variation among hospital discharges with both HIV illness and active tuberculosis within New York City and their change over time. METHODS: All 1988-1990 discharges from New York City area hospitals with dual ICD-9-CM diagnoses of
The effect of HIV-1 on the infectiousness of tuberculosis, Nairobi, Kenya.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0569). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400230; Mungai M; Nunn P; Nyamwaya J; Gicheha C; Brindle R; Dunn D; Githui W; Were J; McAdam K; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.; OBJECTIVE: To compare i) the prevalence of tuberculosis and tuberculin skin test reactivity among the household contacts of HIV-1 positive and negative patients with tuberculosis, and ii) the susceptibility for tuberculosis of HIV-1 positive and negative household contacts. METHODS: 250 contacts of 52 HIV-1 negative i
Tuberculosis (Tb) and HIV infection in the homeless population of San Francisco (SF), CA.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu40 (abstract no. TuC 0571). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400231; Zolopa A; Vranizan K; Meakin R; Moss AR; Stanford University Medical Center.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for HIV and Tb infection (PPD+) in homeless adults, and to investigate the relationship between these two infections in this high risk population. METHODS: This population-based cross-sectional study has enrolled 916 subjects from public shelters and free meal li
Healthy long-term positives: men infected with HIV for more than 10 years with CD4 counts greater than 500 cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu41 (abstract no. TuC 0572). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400232; Buchbinder SP; Katz M; Hessol N; O'Malley P; Barnhart J; Holmberg S; AIDS Office, San Francisco, CA.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the time from HIV seroconversion (SC) to the development of AIDS and death in homosexual men in the San Francisco City Clinic Cohort (SFCCC) and to describe immunologic parameters of a subsample of men infected over 10 years who remain healthy. METHODS: We identified 562 men with well-defined
Anti AIDS clubs in Zambia.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0574). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400233; Baker K; Anti AIDS Project, Lusaka, Zambia.; ISSUES ADDRESSED: The need for youth-specific and peer-group AIDS education. Clubs are a way to support young people who want to avoid AIDS and to teach their friends about AIDS. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The first Anti AIDS Club started in late 1987. The Project offers free registration and materials, newsletters, competi
Condom promotion does not increase sexual intercourse among adolescents.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0575). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400234; Hausser D; Michaud PA; University Institute of Social & Preventive Medicine, Lausanne,; Switzerland.; INTRODUCTION: Since 1986 the Swiss Public Health authorities have run the STOP-AIDS preventive campaign. An important part of this effort is directed towards adolescents. Both locally and nationally, various actions have developed that put the emphasis on regular and steady condom use. OBJECTIVE: to measure trends in
How early should AIDS education begin?: An educational approach to teach pre-schoolers to prevent AIDS in Puerto Rico.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0576). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400235; Unda R; Acevedo HL; Sotomayor J; Feliciano C; Carmona J; Gonzalez L; Kouri Y; Harvard Institute for Int. Development.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: While some countries are debating whether to provide AIDS education in elementary schools, we present an ongoing program designed and implemented at the preschool level. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: With the endorsement of the Mayor of San Juan, in May 1991 the Education Department of the San Juan AIDS Insti
HIV education and evaluation by young Native Americans.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0573). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400236; Bennett D; Bender E; McCabe T; Parra D; Colorado River Tribes Social Services.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: Culturally sensitive education programs for young Native Americans sometimes ignore the fact that communities of young people are developing their own cultural referents, some of which are based on traditional culture and some of which are not. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: Core groups of young people on an u
Youth for youth--unlegal AIDS-prevention in Poland.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Tu42 (abstract no. TuD 0577). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400237; Malewska J; PROBLEM: AIDS prevention, mostly condom promotion among special kind of young people who are on the edge of the risk. They often don t go to schools, don t watch TV or listen to the radio. METHODS: Youth Section cooperates with many rock and punk music groups with nightclubs and discos. We talk about AIDS with youth a
Conserved neutralization epitopes of HIV-1: mechanisms of neutralization escape.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We45 (abstract no. WeA 1000). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400238; Sodroski J; Thali M; Wyatt R; Posner M; Tilley S; Ho D; Robinson J; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVES: To identify mutants of HIV-1 that escape neutralization by antibodies recognizing conserved elements of the gp120 glycoprotein and to characterize the mechanism of escape. METHODS: Panels of HIV-1 mutants were screened for ability to be neutralized by monoclonal antibodies that recognize conserved, discont
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes do not select for mutations in an immunodominant epitope of SIVmac gag.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We45 (abstract no. WeA 1002). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400239; Chen ZW; Shen L; Miller MD; Hughes A; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have a role in selecting AIDS virus mutants, we examined mutations in SIVmac proviral DNA encoding a gag CTL epitope in PBL of infected rhesus monkeys. METHODS: SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys expressing the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I all
Positive and negative regulatory elements important for HIV-1 expression.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We45 (abstract no. WeA 1005). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400240; Pavlakis GN; Felber BK; Schwartz S; D'Agostino DM; Campbell M; Korneyeva M; Human Retrovirus Section, NCI-FCRDC, Md 21702.; OBJECTIVES: To characterize the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms of HIV-1 gene expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The study of the molecular properties of HIV-1 shows that it is a highly complex regulated system. These studies have provided important insights in the function of HIV, and
Resistance of HIV-1 to broadly neutralizing sera linked to V3-antibody resistance due to distant site mutations.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We45 (abstract no. WeA 1001). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400241; Back N; Smit L; Nara PL; Ramautarsing C; Tersmette M; Goudsmit J; OBJECTIVES: To analyze the mechanism of neutralization resistance of a V32 HIV-1 strain, recovered from an HIV-1 IIIB infected chimpanzee. METHODS: Neutralization of the resistant virus V32 by a panel of V3 antibodies and human sera was investigated. Effects of virus stock preparation on neutralization was tested with
Synergistic neutralization of HIV-1 by a chimpanzee monoclonal antibody (ChMAb) against a unique epitope near V2 in combination with anti-V3 or anti-CD4 binding site MAbs.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We45 (abstract no. WeA 1003). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400242; Warrier S; Pinter A; Honnen WJ; Chou TC; Tilley SA; Public Health Research Institute, NY, NY.; OBJECTIVE: To develop ChMAbs against new HIV neutralization epitopes and determine the ability of these ChMAbs to synergistically neutralize HIV in combination with mAbs against other neutralization epitopes. METHODS: A ChMAb was derived by EBV-transformation of PBMC from an HIVIIIB-infected animal that was boosted wi
The rev axis of HIV-1 autoregulation: cellular factors and mechanisms of action.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We45 (abstract no. WeA 1004). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400243; Dayton AI; Dayton ET; Konings DA; Powell DM; Bende SM; Shapiro BA; Pantaleo G; Butini L; Maizel JV; NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVES: We are pursuing a comprehensive investigation of the rev axis of HIV autoregulation. We report a series of experiments to study the interaction between rev and its viral RNA target sequence, the rev responsive element (RRE), to assess the contribution of cellular factors to the rev axis, and to understand
Natural variants of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat: analysis of promoters with duplicated DNA regulatory motifs.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We46 (abstract no. WeA 1009). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400244; Koken S; van Wamel J; Goudsmit J; Geelen JL; Berkhout B; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, UvA, Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVES: The HIV-1 LTR functions as the transcriptional promoter and contains multiple regulatory elements. Variation within these elements may have profound effects on the viral replication rate and viral pathogenicity. The goal of this study was to detect and analyze naturally occurring length variations in the H
Role of Tat and cellular factors in HIV-1 expression.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We46 (abstract no. WeA 1006). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400245; Gatignol A; Chang YN; Jeang KT; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD; 20892.; OBJECTIVES: Induction of HIV expression is due to activation by cellular and viral factors. Tat, the trans-activator of HIV-1 acts through an RNA target TAR (trans-activator responsive) to activate DNA elements in the promoter in an appropriate cellular setting. This suggests important interactions between Tat, DNA/RN
The role of cellular cofactors in Tat-mediated trans-activation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We46 (abstract no. WeA 1007). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400246; Shank PR; Newstein M; Lee I; Brown University Division of Biology and Medicine, Providence,; RI.; OBJECTIVES: We wished to define the role of various cellular cofactors which interact with the Tat protein and the TAR region in the process of trans-activation. METHODS: We have used transient transfection assays of various LTR driven reporter plasmids along with Tat expression vectors into rodent cells. Rodents are
The HIV-1 Vpu protein induces rapid degradation of CD4.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We46 (abstract no. WeA 1008). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400247; Willey R; Maldarelli F; Chen MY; Martin MA; Strebel K; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD; 20892.; OBJECTIVES: Analysis of the HIV-1 vpu gene product and its effects on viral and cellular proteins. METHODS: HIV-1 subgenomic and CD4 expression plasmids were generated using standard molecular biological techniques. Assays were performed by transfecting HeLa cells followed by metabolic labelling of transiently express
A phase I multiple dose study of U-87,201E, a non-nucleoside RT inhibitor, in normal healthy males.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We47 (abstract no. WeB 1015). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400248; Cox SR; Batts DH; Dietz AJ; Hanover C; Peel BG; Elfring GL; Staton BA; Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, MI.; OBJECTIVES: U-87,201E is a non-nucleoside RT inhibitor which was well tolerated when administered to both normal healthy males and asymptomatic HIV+ patients in single oral doses up to 1,600mg. This study was performed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of U-87,201E in normal healthy males foll
A phase I/II study of 3TC in HIV positive, asymptomatic or mild ARC patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We47 (abstract no. WeB 1014). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400249; Van Leeuwen R; Boucher C; Katlama C; Ingrand D; Kitchen V; Weber J; McDade H; Academic Medical Centre & National AIDS Therapy Evaluation; Centre, Amsterdam.; INTRODUCTION. 3TC (GR109714X) is the single (-) enantiomer of the racemic mixture 2 -deoxy-3 -thiacytidine (BCH189), a nucleoside analogue originally synthesised by Biochem Pharma Inc (formerly IAF Biochem), Montreal. 3TC has been shown to have activi
Anti-viral effects of stavudine (d4T) therapy.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We47 (abstract no. WeB 1010). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400250; Anderson RE; Meyer W; Balch F; Brown M; Ramirez-Ronda C; Schwartz R; Petersen E; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT.; OBJECTIVES: To measure the effects of Stavudine ( d4T ) on quantitative HIV-1 culture and plasma acid-dissociated p24 antigen (PAP24). METHODS: Forty-seven HIV+ subjects with less than
Early markers of hematologic toxicity with FLT therapy.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We47 (abstract no. WeB 1012). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400251; Barditch-Crovo P; Ganes D; Duncanson F; van der Horst C; Polsky B; Petty B; Faulkner R; Kuye O; Yacobi A; Lietman P; et al; Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the hematologic toxicity of FLT (3 -deoxy-3 -fluorothymidine), an anti-HIV nucleoside analog more potent than zidovudine. METHODS: 14 AIDS/ARC patients were enrolled in a 16 week concentration-controlled, multiple oral dose study at 0.125 mg/kg q12h initially. RESULTS: In subjects who received dru
Safety and relative antiretroviral activity of L697,L661 versus zidovudine in HIV-1 infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We47 (abstract no. WeB 1013). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400252; Saag MS; Douglas J; Lapidus W; DeLoach LJ; Maples V; Laskin O; Massan F; Whitley R; Kappes J; Shaw G; et al; University of Alabama, Birmingham.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and relative antiretroviral activity of a novel non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, L697, 661 (L661), versus standard therapy with zidovudine (ZDV). METHODS: Sixty-three HIV-1 infected patients with CD4+ lymphocyte counts between 201 and 500 cell/mm3 and 60 with CD4 count
Stavudine (d4T) a promising anti-retroviral agent.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We47 (abstract no. WeB 1011). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400253; Dunkle L; Anderson R; McLaren C; Cross A; Brown M; Gugliotti R; Adler M; Kaul S; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pharmaceutical Research Institute,; Wallingford, CT.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the pharmacokinetics and preliminary evidence of safety, activity, and efficacy of Stavudine ( d4T ) in HIV seropositive patients with fewer than 500 CD4+ cells
Clindamycin/primaquine versus trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole as primary therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We48 (abstract no. WeB 1020). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400254; Toma E; Fournier S; Dumont M; Bolduc P; Deschamps H; Hotel-Dieu de Montreal, Canada.; OBJECTIVES: To assess the safety and efficacy of clindamycin/primaquine (C/P) in comparison with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) as primary treatment of AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). METHODS: This was a randomized, double-blind trial conducted at one university hospital. Sixty-five individ
Comparison of 566C80 & trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) for the treatment of P. carinii pneumonitis (PCP). An International Multicenter, CCTG & ACTG Collaboration.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We48 (abstract no. WeB 1019). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400255; Hughes W; Leoung G; Kramer F; Bozzette S; Frame P; Clumeck N; Masur H; Lancaster D; Hyland R; Lavelle J; et al; OBJECTIVES: Preliminary studies suggested that a hydroxynaphthoquinone, 566C80, was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of PCP. We compared the efficacy and safety of 566C80 and TMP-SMZ in the treatment of PCP in AIDS. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind study enrolled 322 AIDS patients with mild (A-a[DO2] l
Dapsone-pyrimethamine (D/P) vs aerosolized pentamidine (AP) for primary prophylaxis of pneumocystosis (PCP) and neurotoxoplasmosis. The PRIO Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We48 (abstract no. WeB 1017). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400256; Girard PM; Landman R; Gaudebout C; Jelasko P; Gaudebout C; Certain A; Olivares R; Coulaud JP; INSERM U13, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To compare D/P vs AP for primary prophylaxis of PCP and to assess the value of D/P for primary prophylaxis of neurotoxoplasmosis. METHODS: From July 89 to December 90, a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial recruited 362 symptomatic HIV patients (pts) with CD4 lymphocytes count below 200/mm3 and witho
Efficacy of aerosolized pentamidine and low dose cotrimoxazole for primary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Dutch AIDS Treatment Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We48 (abstract no. WeB 1018). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400257; Schneider MM; Hoepelman IM; Danner SA; Nielsen TH; van der Graaf Y; Weigel HM; van der Ende ME; Kolsters AF; Borleffs JC; University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.; BACKGROUND. Primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is recommended for HIV-infected patients and a CD4-cell count lower than 200 per mm3. There are no studies reported assessing the efficacy of aerosolized pentamidine versus low dose of co-trimoxazole in primary prevention of PCP. So we conduc
Microbiologic diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV positive patients in Zimbabwe.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We48 (abstract no. WeB 1021). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400258; Gwanzura L; Mason P; Winter M; Katzenstein D; University of Zimbabwe Medical School, Harare.; OBJECTIVE: There is conflicting data on the presence or absence of P. carinii in patients with pneumonitis in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was undertaken in order to demonstrate unequivocally the presence of P. carinii in specimens from HIV positive patients and to determine which diagnostic procedure was most appro
Oral corticosteroids accelerate recovery of mild AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We48 (abstract no. WeB 1016). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400259; Quieffin J; Montaner JS; Guillemi SA; Lawson LM; Levitt N; Le TN; Ruedy J; Schechter MT; St. Paul's Hospital/UBC.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of the early introduction of oral corticosteroids (CS) in patients with mild AIDS-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). METHODS: We conducted a subgroup analysis of a double blind, placebo controlled, randomized trial, restricted to patients whose baseline oxygen saturation b
Antigenic diversification of the HIV-1 V3 neutralization domain during progression of the epidemic.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We49 (abstract no. WeC 1024). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400260; Kuiken CL; Zwart G; Baan E; Coutinho RA; Goudsmit J; HRL, UvA, Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the evolution of the gp120 V3 region in the course of the HIV-1 epidemic in the Dutch homosexual population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Direct sequences, 278 nucleotides long, were made of viral genomic RNA amplified from early seroconverter sera of homosexual men. Ten sequences were generated fr
HIV causes AIDS: a controlled study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We49 (abstract no. WeC 1027). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400261; Craib KJ; Schechter MT; Le TN; O'Shaughnessy MV; Montaner JS; Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study (VLAS) Group, UBC & BC; Centre for Excellence in HIV and Related Viral Diseases, Canada.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: A considerable number of people continue to question the role of HIV in the pathogenesis of AIDS. One of the main proponents of this school of thought, Prof. P. Duesberg, wrote in 1988 (Science 1988; 242: 997-8) and repeated in a public address in 1991 that the necessary comparisons in controlled cohort
HIV signature pattern analysis and fingerprinting.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We49 (abstract no. WeC 1022). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400262; Korber BT; Myers G; Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, N.M. 87505.; OBJECTIVE: To go beyond simple nucleotide or amino acid distance relationships (percent similarities) as the basis for tracking HIV relatedness, it is desirable to objectively establish amino acid signature patterns, or HIV fingerprints. METHODS: HIV amino acid sequences, i.e., sibling sequences, from a given infected
Identification of additional genetic subgroups of HIV-1 and evidence for geographic intermixing.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We49 (abstract no. WeC 1023). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400263; McCutchan F; Louwagie J; van der Groen G; Piot P; Myers G; Burke D; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD.; BACKGROUND: Genetic variation of HIV-1 and the geographic distribution of genetic variants are important considerations for HIV-1 vaccine development. A global surveillance of HIV-1 isolates is being conducted to supplement and extend the current genetic database for HIV-1. METHODS: More than two hundred geographicall
Identification of two distinct HIV-1 subtypes in Thailand with apparent segregation by mode of transmission.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We49 (abstract no. WeC 1025). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400264; Ou CY; Auwanit W; Pau CP; Luo CC; Kalish M; Takebe Y; Bandea C; Lee-Thomas S; George JR; Schochetman G; et al; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; Georgia.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the molecular epidemiology of the HIV explosion in Thailand since 1988 and to develop peptide-based serologic assays to facilitate HIV-1 subtyping. METHODS: Blood samples were collected in 1991 from infected persons with various risk behaviors from 7 prov
Molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in Edinburgh.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We49 (abstract no. WeC 1026). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400265; Holmes EC; Zhang LQ; Mackenzie P; Harvey E; Baker C; Simmonds P; Leigh BA; Division of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Edinburgh, Scotland.; OBJECTIVES: To establish, using reliable nucleotide sequence (phylogenetic) markers, contact networks of the epidemic of HIV-1 in Edinburgh. Such data will provide information on the number and origin of strains entering the Edinburgh population and whether different social/behavioural groups are characterised by diff
Assessing the medical care costs of the HIV epidemic in the United States: 1992-1995.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We50 (abstract no. WeC 1033). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400266; Hellinger FJ; Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, US Dept. of Health; and Human Services.; OBJECTIVE: To forecast the cost of treating persons with HIV in the United States from 1992 to 1995. METHODS: This is the first study to use data from the AIDS Cost and Service Utilization Survey (ACSUS) to estimate the cost of treating persons with HIV. The ACSUS is a comprehensive exk
Depression predicts accelerated CD4 decline among gay men in San Francisco.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We50 (abstract no. WeC 1031). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400267; Burack JH; Stall RD; Barrett DC; Coates TJ; San Francisco General Hospital, CA.; OBJECTIVES: To determine whether, in a cohort of HIV-infected gay and bisexual men, a high level of depressive symptomatology predicts more rapid decline of CD4 counts, progression to AIDS, and death. METHODS: Analysis of data from the San Francisco Men s Health Study, a prospective population-based cohort study with k
Heavy smoking increases the risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We50 (abstract no. WeC 1030). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400268; Buskin SE; Hopkins SG; Farizo KM; Seattle-King County Department of Public Health, WA.; INTRODUCTION: PCP is the most frequent AIDS-defining illness. Although previous studies have found no association between PCP and cigarette smoking, no reports have examined the association using various levels of smoking, as measured by pack-years. METHODS: As part of a CDC-funded surveillance project, medical recordk
HIV infection and crack cocaine smoking in street-recruited urban youth, USA. The Multicenter Crack Cocaine and HIV Infection Study Team.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We50 (abstract no. WeC 1028). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400269; Edlin BR; Irwin KL; Ludwig DD; Serrano Y; Word C; McCoy C; Byers RH; Holmberg SD; CDC, Atlanta, Ga.; OBJECTIVE: Crack cocaine use is prevalent among youth in many U.S. urban neighborhoods. Preliminary reports suggest that crack smokers may be at high risk of acquiring HIV infection heterosexually. We undertook a study to determine the prevalence of HIV infection among crack smokers and their risk factors for infectiok
Sex-for-crack as an AIDS risk behavior: an ethnographic study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We50 (abstract no. WeC 1032). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400270; Genser SG; Ratner MJ; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD.; OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the geographic generality, context and implications for HIV transmission of involvement in the exchange of sex for crack cocaine. METHODS: Experienced research teams in 8 US cities conducted ethnographic field work among hard-core crack users and completed 340 taped interviews with participantsk
There is no relationship between alcohol use and 'unsafe' sex.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We50 (abstract no. WeC 1029). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400271; Weatherburn P; Davies PM; Hunt AJ; Hickson F; Coxon AP; McManus TJ; South Bank Polytechnic, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that alcohol use causes, or contributes towards engagement in unsafe sex in a sample of homosexually active men in England & Wales. METHOD: In 1991 430 homosexually active men were interviewed and asked to recall each sexual encounter and each drinking episode in the previous week
Dynamics of change in the HIV patient population and hospital care for HIV-infected patients: 1988-1989.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We51 (abstract no. WeC 1036). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400272; Andrulis DP; Weslowski V; Hintz E; Spolarich A; Rathbun J; National Public Health and Hospital Institute, Washington, D.C.; OBJECTIVES: To compare, document and analyze hospital care for inpatients meeting the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) AIDS definition and other HIV-infected individuals not meeting these criteria, who were treated in U.S. hospitals during 1988 and 1989. METHODS: Hospitals from four national associations, representin
Interaction AIDS research and public health planning.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We51 (abstract no. WeC 1034). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400273; de Bruijn E; van den Boom FM; Jager JC; Ruitenberg EJ; Netherlands Inst. of Mental Health, Utrecht.; OBJECTIVE: Apply research findings of HIV/AIDS-scenarios to long-term public health planning. METHODS: The Steering Committee on Future Health Scenarios (STG) in the Netherlands is set up to create public health scenarios in order to support long-term public health planning. T
Practice guidelines for pediatric HIV care: methods of calculating costs.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We51 (abstract no. WeC 1037). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400274; Glied S; Sisk JE; Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, NY.; OBJECTIVES: 1) To develop and evaluate a method of calculating the cost implications of practice guidelines for pediatric HIV care and 2) to compare alternative methods of estimating the per unit cost of services to pediatric HIV patients. METHODS: From records of 3 New York City hospitals, we abstracted the services
The costs of AIDS care in the world, 1990.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We51 (abstract no. WeC 1038). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400275; Cameron C; Tarantola D; Global AIDS Policy Coalition, International AIDS Center, Harvard; School of Public Health, Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVE: To estimate the global inpatient and outpatient costs of AIDS care in 1990. To compare this cost with per capita gross national product (GNP). METHODS: A review of the literature was undertaken to gauge the annual inpatient and outpatient costs per AIDS case. A survey was conducted in 37 countries which pro
The direct costs of hospital care of AIDS patients in Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We51 (abstract no. WeC 1035). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400276; Esteves R; Huang L; Pessoa V; Mallet A; Lima M; Cortes E; Brazilian AIDS/STD Programme, Ministry of Health.; OBJECTIVE: To determine direct costs of hospitalization for AIDS patients in Brazil . METHODS: We did a pilot study involving 127 AIDS patients admitted to three university hospitals, in four different cities. Medical records were reviewed regarding costs of diagnostics procedures,
Construction of synthetic HIV vaccine candidates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We52 (abstract no. WeD 1039). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400277; Sia C; Matthews T; Chong P; Bolognesi D; Klein M; Connaught Centre for Biotechnology Research, Willowdale, Ont.,; Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To construct synthetic HIV vaccine candidates using defined T-and B-cell epitopes of the HIV structural proteins. METHODS: Two pairs of chimeric peptides were synthesized. The first pair, CLTB-28 and CLTB-32 contained two contiguous neutralizing epitopes mapped by human monoclonal antibodies (residues 307-3
Genetically engineered HIV-like particles containing chimeric MN/LAI envelope glycoproteins can induce cross-neutralizing antibodies recognizing the IIIB and MN isolates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We52 (abstract no. WeD 1041). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400278; Rovinski B; Cao SX; James O; Sia C; Zolla-Pazner S; Matthews T; Klein M; Connaught Centre for Biotechnology Research, Ontario, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To develop an AIDS vaccine candidate consisting of genetically engineered noninfectious HIV-like particles capable of eliciting cross-reactive immune responses. METHODS: Using the inducible human metallothionein IIa promoter, we engineered two HIV-1LAI-based expression vectors encoding heterologous sequence
Induction of HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by a V3 loop peptide: a new method for rapid in vivo induction using unmodified synthetic peptides.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We52 (abstract no. WeD 1040). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400279; Sastry KJ; Nehete P; Venkatanarayanan S; Morkowski J; Platsoucas CD; Arlinghaus RB; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030.; Efforts to generate a vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have focused on inducing neutralizing antibodies. However, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses are a major defense against viral infections and more importantly CTL epitopes can be defined by short synthetic peptides. We have develop
Protection of rhesus macaques from cell-free and cell-associated SIV challenge, by vaccination with SIV iscoms or MDP adjuvanted inactivated SIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We52 (abstract no. WeD 1042). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400280; De Vries P; Heeney J; Morein B; Osterhaus AD; Laboratory of Immunobiology, RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: Comparison of protection afforded by iscome and MDP adjuvanted whole inactivated virus in a SIV-macaque model. METHODS: Eight macaques (Macaca mulatta) were vaccinated four times with an SIV iscom vaccine, eight with an MDP adjuvanted whole inactivated SIV vaccine, four with a measles virus (MV) iscom vacc
Recombinant BCG vector and peptide/liposome vaccines elicit SIV-specific CTL in rhesus monkeys.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We52 (abstract no. WeD 1043). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400281; Miller MD; Yasutomi Y; Shen L; Koenig S; Fuerst T; Woods R; Emini E; Gould-Fogerite S; Mannino RJ; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA.; OBJECTIVE: We assessed the capacity of two types of novel subunit vaccines to generate CD8+ CTL responses in rhesus monkeys: a synthetic peptide/liposome formulation and a live recombinant Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vector. METHODS: We have previously shown that simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac)-in
HIV glycoprotein gp120 induces anergy in human T4 lymphocytes, not in chimpanzee lymphocytes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We53 (abstract no. WeA 1046). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400282; Di Rienzo AM; Furlini G; Olivier R; Ferris S; Montagnier L; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: We investigated the unresponsiveness to mitogenic stimulation of human lymphocytes triggered by HIV-1 or gp120. Moreover, in order to assess the importance of this anergy phenomenon, the proliferation of chimpanzee peripheral blood lymphocytes triggered by gp120 has been analyzed as well. METHODS: Before o
Levels of immune cells in HIV-resistant men.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We53 (abstract no. WeA 1048). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400283; Visscher B; Detels R; Kan JL; Dudley J; Giorgi J; Lee M; UCLA School of Public Health.; OBJECTIVES: To compare the immunologic profile of 30 persistently HIV antibody-negative men (who had a very high number of different partners) from whom HIV isolations were obtained at least once with comparable persistently HIV seronegative men in the MACS. METHODS: Numbers of white blood cells, lymphocytes, CD4 cell
Programmed cell death of T cells in HIV infection and its enhancement by superantigens.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We53 (abstract no. WeA 1044). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400284; Gougeon ML; Garcia S; Heeney J; Montagnier L; Oncology Viral Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: Because in HIV infection loss of CD4+ T cells cannot be solely explained by direct viral infection, we hypothesized that due to immune dysregulation, T cells are primed for programmed cell death upon antigenic stimulation. METHODS: PBL from HIV-infected asymptomatic patients were stimulated in vitro by ion
Programmed death of both CD4+ and CD8+ cells in asymptomatic HIV-infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We53 (abstract no. WeA 1045). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400285; Meyaard L; Otto SA; Jonker RR; Mijnster MJ; Keet IP; Miedema F; Centr Lab of the Neth Red Cross Blood Transf Service, Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVES. The early stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by qualitative functional defects of antigen-reactive T cells. With only few cells infected, this can not be explained by direct viral infection. We hypothesized that probably due to a systemic immune dysregulation, T-cells fr
SIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes are present in the AIDS-associated skin rash in rhesus monkeys.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We53 (abstract no. WeA 1049). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400286; Yamamoto H; Ringler DJ; Miller MD; Yasutomi Y; Hasunuma T; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, MA 01772.; OBJECTIVE: An infiltration of CD8+ lymphocytes in the dermis and epidermis underlies the skin rash which commonly occurs as a manifestation of HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections. We functionally characterized these skin rash-associated lymphocytes in SIVmac-infected rhesus monkeys. METHODS: Lymphoc
TH1 and TH2 cytokine production in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We53 (abstract no. WeA 1047). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400287; Shearer G; Clerici M; Experimental Immunology Branch, NCI, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVES: To determine whether alterations in the function of TH1 and TH2 helper cells are present in HIV infection. METHODS: Interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokines were measured in antigen-and mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of
A comparative study of the efficacy of ciprofloxacin and erythromycin in chancroid.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We54 (abstract no. WeB 1050). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400288; Solorzano R; STD clinic, Clinica Municipal No. 3, Guatemala, City.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin and Erythromycin in the treatment of Chancroid Ulcers. METHODS: 240 patients with clinical diagnosis of chancroid were included. Two groups of 120 patients each were studied. One group was treated with Ciprofloxacin 1 gr. PO as a single dose and the seco
Clarithromycin for disseminated Mycobacterium avium-complex in AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We54 (abstract no. WeB 1052). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400289; Chaisson RE; Benson CA; Dube M; Hafner R; Dellerson M; Lichter S; Smith T; Sattler FR; Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of clarithromycin (CLR) therapy for disseminated MAC disease in patients with AIDS. METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, dose ranging study. Patients received CLR 500 mg, 1000 mg, or 2000 mg BID for 12 weeks. Quantitative mycobacterial blood cultures were perf
Identification of Toxoplasma gondii in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with AIDS by the polymerase chain reaction.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We54 (abstract no. WeB 1051). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400290; van de Van E; Melchers W; Kraaijeveld C; Galama J; University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: The diagnosis of the opportunistic infection toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients can be difficult; serology is not reliable and other techniques (microscopy, antigen detection, mouse inoculation and tissue culture) are either insensitive or time consuming. Therapeutic treatment of immunocompromised
Prognostic value of CMV antibodies in persons treated with foscarnet for CMV retinitis.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We54 (abstract no. WeB 1053). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400291; Polis MA; Koenig S; Kramer A; Boppana S; Britt W; NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of cytomegalovirus ( CMV )-specific antibody levels on the time to retinitis progression in persons with HIV infection who were treated with foscarnet for CMV retinitis. METHODS: Baseline seru
Rifabutin therapy for the prevention of M. avium complex (MAC) bacteremia in patients with AIDS and CD4 less than or equal to 200. The Rifabutin Study Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We54 (abstract no. WeB 1055). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400292; Cameron W; Sparti P; Pietroski N; Pearce D; Eron L; Sullam P; Conant M; Bianchine J; Gupta S; Schoenfelder J; et al; Univ. of Ottawa, Ottawa General Hospital, Ontario, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: Disseminated MAC infection is one of the most common serious complications of the late stages of AIDS. This study (Adria 087027) evaluates rifabutin (RIF) prophylaxis of MAC bacteremia in AIDS. METHODS: This Phase III randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of RIF 300 mg/day studied
Safety and efficacy of combined and alternating ganciclovir and foscarnet in acute and maintenance therapy for CMV infection in HIV positive patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We54 (abstract no. WeB 1054). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400293; Peters M; Bergmann F; Grunewald T; Pohle HD; Ruf B; II. Department of Internal Medicine, Rudolf Virchow University; Hospital, Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: Cytomegalovirus infections cause severe sight-threatening retinitis, colitis and encephalitis in up to 50% of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in advanced stages of immunosuppression. Ganciclovir and Foscarnet are effective antiviral agents. Chronic maintenance intravenous thera
ACTG 172: treatment of acyclovir-resistant (ACV-R) mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in patients with AIDS: open label pilot study of topical trifluridine (TFT).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We55 (abstract no. WeB 1056). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400294; Kessler H; Weaver D; Benson C; Pottage J; Safrin S; Nevin T; Davis R; Owens S; Korvick J; Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL.; OBJECTIVES: Effective treatment of ACV-R HSV infections in patients with AIDS is currently limited to intravenous foscarnet (FOS). We evaluated the efficacy of topically applied TFT, an anti-HSV nucleoside analogue in an open pilot, multi-center study. METHODS: Patients with mucocutaneous HSV lesions unresponsive to g
High risk of HIV-1 infection for first-born twin: the role of intra-partum transmission. The International Registry of HIV-exposed twins.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We56 (abstract no. WeC 1062). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400295; Duliege AM; Felton S; Goedert JJ; Genentech, So. San Francisco, CA.; OBJECTIVES: To update our previous report on twins (Lancet 1991;338:1471), with emphasis on genetic and intrapartum factors. METHOD: 50 investigators in 11 countries contributed demographic, clinical and epidemiological retrospective data on 147 sets of twins and 2 sets of triplets. Data were analyzed by McNemar s tes
Homologous and heterologous neutralization activity in sera of HIV-1 infected mothers: correlation to transmission.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We56 (abstract no. WeC 1061). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400296; Scarlatti G; Albert J; Rossi P; Biraghi P; Massironi E; Fenyo EM; Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; OBJECTIVES: The factors that protect the child from infection from their mother are still unknown. Many attempts have been done to find maternal markers prognostic for transmission. We have attempted to study maternal immunological response to the virus by neutralization assay against homologous as well as against het
Lack of increased risk of HIV perinatal transmission to subsequent siblings born to an HIV-infected mother. Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Studies Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We56 (abstract no. WeC 1057). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400297; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the second of 2 children born to a mother with known HIV infection is more likely to be HIV-infected (inf) than the first exposed sibling (sib). METHODS: Sibs born to HIV-inf mothers and followed in 5 prospective HIV perinatal transmission studies in the U.S. were analyzed according to t
Maternal predictors of perinatal HIV transmission. The New York City Perinatal HIV Transmission Collaborative Study Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We56 (abstract no. WeC 1059). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400298; Thomas P; Weedon J; OBJECTIVE. To identify characteristics in pregnant HIV+ women that predict transmission of HIV-1 to the infant. METHODS. Data including demographics, illicit drug use, STD history, clinical HIV illness, and CD4, immunoglobulin, and hemoglobin levels were collected on pregnant women at risk for HIV. Babies were followe
Natural history of HIV infection in Ugandan infants.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We56 (abstract no. WeC 1058). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400299; Hom D; Guay L; Kenya-Mugisha N; Ball P; Olness K; Ndugwa C; Kataaha P; Goldfarb J; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.; OBJECTIVES: Determine the natural history and vertical transmission of HIV infection in infants born to HIV infected women in Kampala, Uganda . METHODS: Infants of selected HIV positive and negative women were prospectively followed in a study of HIV infection. History and physical
Perinatal transmission of HIV-1: lack of detectable virus in peripheral blood cells at birth, and prognostic values of polymerase chain reaction results in infants.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We56 (abstract no. WeC 1060). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400300; De Rossi A; Ometto L; Mammano F; Zanotto C; Giaquinto C; Chieco-Bianchi L; Dept of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Italy.; OBJECTIVE. To assess early diagnosis of perinatal HIV-1 infection, and define prognostic markers for AIDS onset. METHODS. Virus culture was performed by culturing patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with normal PHA-stimulated PBMC. HIV-1 copy number was determined by direct Polymerase chain reaction (PCR
Decreased infectivity of HIV-2 compared to HIV-1: a mathematical model.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We57 (abstract no. WeC 1064). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400301; Leisenring W; Donnelly C; Sandberg S; Kanki P; Awerbuch T; Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVE: To use maximum likelihood estimation theory to estimate and compare the infectivity of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in a sexually-active high-risk population. METHODS: Data was collected in a prospective study (1985-1990) of registered prostitutes from Dakar, Senegal providing infor
Epidemiologic trends of HIV1 and HIV2 infection in an HIV2 endemic area: the Senegalese experience, 1989-1991.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We57 (abstract no. WeC 1067). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400302; Wade A; Dieng-Sarr A; Diallo AA; Dlakhate L; Coll-Seck AM; Ndoye I; Diadhiou F; Ba S; Gaye A; Thiam A; et al; Universite C.A.Diop, Dakar, Senegal.; OBJECTIVES: To establish networked sentinel surveillance to survey the evolution of the HIV epidemic. This will allow a description of the actual status of the HIV epidemic and evaluate the epidemiological trends by serial evaluation. METHODS: Consecutive sampling of all subjects within each sentinel group was employe
Natural history of HIV-2 vs. HIV-1: clinical and immunological study in a cohort of female sex workers.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We57 (abstract no. WeC 1066). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400303; Siby T; Thior I; Marlink R; Diaw PA; Traore I; Hellinger J; Ndoye I; Mboup S; Kanki P; Essex M; Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.; OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical and immunological evolution HIV-2 vs. HIV-1 infection. METHODS: Since 1987, asymptomatic female sex workers visiting the National STD Clinics in Senegal have been enrolled in a prospective study including clinical follow-up, T-cell subsetting in
Prospective study to compare HIV-1 and HIV-2 perinatal transmission in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We57 (abstract no. WeC 1065). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400304; Sibailly TS; Adjorlolo G; Gayle H; Ekpini E; Brattegaard K; Doorly R; Kestens L; Ou CY; George R; De Cock KM; Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan.; OBJECTIVES: To compare perinatal transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 and outcome in children born to HIV-1- and HIV-2-positive mothers. METHODS: Women delivering in an Abidjan maternity were tested for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies. HIV-2-positive women and their offspring were followed and compared with HIV-1-positive and s
The materno-foetal transmission rates of HIV-1 and of HIV-2 in France. The French Collaborative Study Group on HIV infection in Newborns.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We57 (abstract no. WeC 1063). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400305; Rouzioux C; Mayaux MJ; Blanche S; Burgard M; Griscelli C; Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequencies of the transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 from mother to child. PATIENTS: All newborns to HIV seropositive mothers born in 62 french hospitals are included in the French Prospective Study and followed prospectively. METHODS: 1) The positivity for HIV-1 or HIV-2 is determined at de
'Teachers against AIDS' in Botswana.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We58 (abstract no. WeD 1073). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400306; Ntebela M; Frencken H; Science Department, Molepolole College of Education, Botswana.; ISSUE: Secondary school Science teachers in Botswana were involved in an AIDS prevention campaign by Inservice providers. On the initiative of the teachers the campaign got a strong momentum of its own and now involves teachers of other subjects, primary school teachers and stude
Differential effects of sex, type of school and teacher training on adolescents' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to AIDS and sex.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We58 (abstract no. WeD 1072). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400307; Randev P; Kabakchieva E; Institute of Psychology, Sofia, Bulgaria.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: Development, implementation and evaluation of effectiveness of an educational programme on AIDS and sex education for Bulgarian secondary schools. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: ASEPA Project is a complex education programme and evaluation research on its effectiveness that was carried out in 50 secondary scho
HIV/AIDS prevention in a large urban school district.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We58 (abstract no. WeD 1070). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400308; Baker C; Rich R; Wulf K; Los Angeles Unified School District, CA.; This paper addresses the lessons learned, i.e., problems and successes, in implementing an HIV/AIDS curriculum into the instructional program for four years at the elementary, junior high, and senior high grade levels of the 600,000 students in Los Angeles Unified School District. While Los Angeles is one of the world
Integrating HIV prevention for children and youth into comprehensive school health education: round table discussions on strategies for action.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We58 (abstract no. WeD 1071). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400309; O'Byrne DJ; Baldo M; Kolybine VA; Sicola G; Chui J; Jones J; Feek W; OBJECTIVE: (1) To provide an update of ongoing HIV prevention and control activities in schools; (2) to present an overview of the concept, principles and strategies for action for implementing comprehensive school health education (CSHE) and to discuss the rationale and basic content of HIV education within this comp
Primary school AIDS education: experiences from Tanzania.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We58 (abstract no. WeD 1068). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400310; Jacobson M; Simba S; Selian Lutheran Hospital, Arusha, Tanzania.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: Epidemiology shows that sexual transmission of HIV takes place at a young age in Tanzania . It is then critically important that children learn about AIDS before they become sexually active. Introducing AIDS education into primary schools is controversial given cult
The effects of a sexuality/AIDS/STD educational program on selected attitudes of Canadian grade 9 students: first phase of a three-year study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We58 (abstract no. WeD 1069). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400311; Beazley R; Warren WK; King AJ; Dalhousie University, Halifax.; BACKGROUND: A three year program development and evaluation project is being conducted, sponsored by the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada and funded by National Health Research and Development Program, Health and Welfare Canada. Its purpose is to assess the effects on studt
Condom usage by London injecting drug users (IDUS) in 1990 and 1991.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We59 (abstract no. WeD 1078). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400312; Coyne PF; Donoghoe MC; Hunter GM; Stimson GV; Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, University of; London, England.; OBJECTIVE: To examine condom use amongst IDUs in London 1990 and 1991. METHODOLOGY: Two major surveys of injecting drug users (IDUs) in London conducted using a structured questionnaire in 1990 (N = 534) and 1991 (N = 516) as part of a WHO collaborative study on HIV prevalence and risk behaviours. A common sampling ant
Determinants of condom use in female sexual partners (FSPs) of i.v. drug users in NY City.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We59 (abstract no. WeD 1075). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400313; Tross S; Abdul-Quader AS; Silvert HM; Simons P; Des Jarlais DC; Friedman S; Narcotics and Drug Research Inc., NY.; OBJECTIVE: FSPs are among the fastest growing group at risk for HIV sexual transmission in the U.S. They are also among the hardest to reach through HIV prevention programs--because they are often unaware of their HIV risk, disenfranchised and multiply stressed. METHODS: This study uses storefront-based, street outreat
HIV prevention strategies and legal sanctions of drug use (DU): methodological approach & preliminary results.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We59 (abstract no. WeD 1077). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400314; Brodin M; Serfaty A; Lombrail P; Alfaro C; Department of Public Health, Xavier Bichat School of Medicine,; University of Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE: to analyze and compare the time between the 1st reports of AIDS cases related to IDU, and the implementation date of preventive interventions (PI) addressing HIV infection among IDUs as a function of the level of intensity of sanction against DU. MATERIAL & METHOD: The study examined: 1)epidemiologic dat
Syringe exchange schemes and safer use education among i.v. drug users in Germany.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We59 (abstract no. WeD 1076). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400315; Michels II; Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe, Berlin.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: In spite of high knowledge about the ways of transmission (needle sharing; drug sharing; unsafe sex) structural obstacles hinder the realisation of AIDS preventive messages among IVDU in Germany (non availability of sterile syringes; criminalization of drug consumat
Variation in sexual HIV risk behaviour among male and female injecting drug users at the Remand Prison in Stockholm.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We59 (abstract no. WeD 1074). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400316; Kall K; Olin R; Department of Social Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sexual HIV risk behaviour among injecting drug users (IDUs). METHODS: 184 detained IDUs at the Remand Prison in Stockholm were invited to participate in a voluntary structured interview on sexual behaviour on and off drugs. Participants were selected from an ongoing HIV epidemiological study. O
Genetically-diverse, SIVSM-related HIV-2 in west Africa: evidence for zoonotic infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We60 (abstract no. WeA 1080). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400317; Gao F; Yue L; White A; Pappas P; Barchue J; Hanson A; Sharp P; Shaw G; Hahn B; University of Alabama, Birmingham.; OBJECTIVES: Current understanding of the natural history and phylogeny of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) derives from studies of culture-amplified viruses from urban populations experiencing epidemic spread of infection and disease. Since tissue culture is highly selective for viral strains with an in vit
Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a variant immunodeficiency virus isolated from a wild captured chimpanzee.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We60 (abstract no. WeA 1081). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400318; Vanden Haesevelde M; Peeters M; Willems B; Saman E; vander Groen G; Van Heuverswyn H; Innogenetics N.V., Ghent, Belgium.; OBJECTIVE: The immunodeficiency virus, SIVcpz-ant, isolated from a wild captured chimpanzee, was molecular cloned and sequenced. The purpose was to document the genetic diversity exhibited by the two SIVs isolated from chimpanzees and confirm their position within the HIV/SIV family. METHODS: Primers and nested primer
Phenotype associated sequence variation in the third variable domain of the HIV-1 gp120 molecule.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We60 (abstract no. WeA 1082). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400319; Fouchier RA; Groenink M; Kootstra NA; Tersmette M; Huisman HG; Miedema F; Schuitemaker H; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVES: The third variable (V3) domain of HIV-1 gp120 elicits type specific neutralizing antibodies, and contains a type specific T-cell epitope. V3 is critical for gp120 function, and has been implied in determining the virus phenotype including fusion capacity and monocytotropism. Fusion capacity of virus isolat
Simian immunodeficiency viruses from tantalus monkeys: evidence for a new species-specific SIVAGM-type.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We60 (abstract no. WeA 1079). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400320; Muller MC; Saksena NK; Chappey C; Herve V; Nerrienet E; Durand JP; Georges AJ; Sonigo P; Barre-Sinoussi F; Institut Pasteur, Paris.; OBJECTIVE: Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) are widely present in African Green monkeys (AGM) and may have evolved in parallel with their natural host species. However, information to date is limited to viruses of only three species: the vervet, the grivet and the sabaeus green monkeys. We present here a genetic
Simplified approaches for diagnosis and treatment of STD in Africa.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We60 (abstract no. WeA 1084). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400321; Ndoye I; Sakho ML; Tardi M; Diaw I; Mbacke KD; Sarr LC; Mboup S; Centre MST de l'IHS, Dakar, Senegal.; OBJECTIVES: To improve the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment of STD. METHODS: 1. Study on the prevalence of STD, including the importance of antimicrobial resistance. 2. Study on the knowledge and feasibility of algorithms for diagnosis of STD. 3. Cost-efficacy study on the treatment of STD using drugs from the
The development of a human immunodeficiency virus quasispecies in vivo.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We60 (abstract no. WeA 1083). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400322; Cichutek K; Merget H; Norley S; Linde R; Kreutz W; Gahr M; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Langen, Germany.; OBJECTIVES: To analyse the quasispecies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of hemophiliacs probably infected from the same source. METHODS: HIV-1 was isolated from PBMC by cocultivation with negative donor chord blood lymphocytes (CBL). Characterization
Antiretroviral therapy reduces the rate of sexual transmission of HIV-1 from man to woman. The Italian Partner Study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We61 (abstract no. WeC 1088). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400323; Massimo M; Angarano G; Saracco A; Nicolosi A; Gasparini M; Arici C; Ricchi E; Lazzarin A; OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the influence of antiretroviral therapy on the infectiousness of infected partners in stable couples discordant for HIV. METHODS. Multicenter prospective study of 396 seronegative, non drug using, female steady partner of HIV infected men. RESULTS. There were 27 seroconversions in a total of 649
Efficacy of spermicide use and condom use by HIV-discordant couples in Zambia.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We61 (abstract no. WeC 1085). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400324; Feldblum P; Hira S; Godwin S; Kamanga J; Mukelabai G; Family Health International, NC.; OBJECTIVES: To measure the association between consistent spermicide use and HIV incidence, and consistent condom use and HIV incidence, among HIV-discordant couples. METHODS: HIV-discordant couples visit the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka quarterly. After informed consent, they are counseled on HIV risk reduc
Heterosexual transmission of HIV infection in Mexico.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We61 (abstract no. WeC 1089). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400325; Lopez L; Orozco S; Hernandez-Avila M; Ramirez A; Hernandez G; Sepulveda J; Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the risk factors associated with the transmission of HIV to sexual partners of HIV infected subjects. METHODS: A mixed cross-sectional longitudinal study was carried out in Mexico City, from October 1989 to December 1991. In all, 345 couples were identified and interviewed in various settings i
HIV seroconversion related to heterosexual activity in discordant Haitian couples.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We61 (abstract no. WeC 1087). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400326; Deschamps MM; Pape JW; Beaulieu ME; Thermil K; Johnson WD Jr; GHESKIO, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of HIV seroconversion and the associated co-factors in sexually active (SA) discordant (D) couples. METHODS: From 10/85 to 10/91, despite counseling 158 of the 380 (D) couples enrolled in our clinic remained (SA): 125 females (F) (HIV-) spouses and 33 males (M) (HIV-) spouses of
Lessons learned from modeling of the AIDS epidemic in Malawi.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We61 (abstract no. WeC 1090). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400327; Namanja G; Liomba G; Sokal D; Delay P; Johnston A; Stover J; Bernstein R; AIDS Secretariat, Malawi.; OBJECTIVES: To make projections of the AIDS epidemic and its impacts in Malawi between now and the year 2000. METHODS: We used a spreadsheet type model to create plausible high and low scenarios corresponding to future incidence rates of new HIV infections of 1% and 2% per year, an
Virological risk factors for heterosexual transmission of HIV-1: influence of virus load and genetic determinants of pathogenicity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We61 (abstract no. WeC 1086). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400328; Simmonds P; Zhang LQ; Holmes EC; MacKenzie P; Brettle RP; Leigh Brown AJ; Dept of Medical Microbiology, Univ. Edinburgh.; AIMS: To investigate the influence of virus load and determinants of virus tropism and pathogenicity in the env gene, on the probability of transmission of HIV-1 by heterosexual contact. STUDY GROUP: Since 1985, a large cohort of HIV-1 infected individuals and their regular heterosexual partners have been followed up.
Age, period and cohort model to estimate prevalence and incidence of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We62 (abstract no. WeC 1091). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400329; Verdecchia A; Mariotto A; Capocaccia R; Mariotti S; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVE. To present an age, period, and cohort (APC) approach both to estimating and analyzing HIV epidemics and to a reconstruction of the HIV epidemics in Italy . METHODS. In a back-calculation framework, a system of integral equations is defined, relating AIDS counts to the prob
AIDS in the world 1992--estimating HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality since the beginning of the pandemic.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We62 (abstract no. WeC 1093). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400330; Mantel C; Tarantola D; Lepisto E; Jain N; Shahi G; Mann JM; Global AIDS Policy Coalition, International AIDS Center, Harvard; School of Public Health, Boston.; OBJECTIVES: The reported number of persons with AIDS gives an incomplete picture of the global situation. We used a simple multi-stage modeling approach to better determine the dynamics of the pandemic. METHODS: (1) From a Delphi survey, estimates of AIDS reporting efficiency were produced in each of ten defined regio
AIDS prevention in The Netherlands: 1992-2000.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We62 (abstract no. WeC 1095). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400331; Reinking DP; Albers CE; Postma MJ; Jager JC; van den Boom FM; Netherlands Institute of Mental Health (NcGv), Utrecht.; OBJECTIVES: To assess the necessity, purposiveness and effectiveness of AIDS-prevention activities for the years 1992-2000. METHODS: (1) integrative research (literature study and consultation of experts) on developments in HIV-infections, size of risk groups, riskful behavior and the impact of AIDS-prevention so far;
Indirect estimation of the prevalence of HIV infection and advanced HIV disease in the European Community.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We62 (abstract no. WeC 1094). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400332; Downs AM; Ancelle-Park RA; Brunet JB; European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS,; Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE: To estimate, by back calculation, prevalence levels of HIV infection and advanced stage HIV-related disease in the European Community (EC). METHODS: AIDS surveillance data reported by December 1991 were adjusted for reporting delays and under-reporting. Back calculations used a 2-stage incubation period wit
Needle exchange lowers HIV incidence in New Haven.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):We62 (abstract no. WeC 1092). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400333; Kaplan EH; Heimer R; Yale School of Organization and Management, New Haven, CT.; OBJECTIVE: To verify our earlier prediction that HIV incidence has been reduced among IDUs in the New Haven needle exchange program. METHODS: A syringe tracking and testing system (STT) was established whereby all needles distributed by the program receive unique tracking codes, and a sample of returned needles are te
Antigenic and genomic diversity of the HIV-1 V3 loop: analysis of geographical variation by serology, neutralization and sequencing.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A10 (abstract no. PoA 2046). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400334; Cheingsong-Popov R; Garaev M; Callow D; Bobkov A; Wasi C; Petrascu I; Kaleebu P; Van de Perre P; Gurtler L; Gilks C; et al; St Mary's Hosp Med Sch, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To study variation in the HIV-1 neutralization epitope (V3 loop) in infected subjects from 12 diverse geographical regions including the WHO HIV vaccine trial sites, through comparison of peptide binding, neutralization, and sequence analysis. METHODS: Sera from 1574 HIV+ve subjects from UK, USA,
Biological and antigenic characteristics of sequential SIVcpz-ant isolates, derived from a naturally infected chimpanzee.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A10 (abstract no. PoA 2044). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400335; Peeters M; Bouckaert A; Willems B; Heeney J; Vanden Haesevelde M; Kestens L; van der Groen G; Piot P; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.; OBJECTIVE: To study the biologic and antigenic properties of a simian immunodeficiency isolate, (SIVcpz-ant, a simian retrovirus related to HIV-1 derived from an actually 6-years old naturally infected chimpanzee) over a 2 year follow-up period, and to compare with chimpanzees experimentally infected with HIV-1. METHO
Characterization of an HIV-1 isolate from Ghana.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A10 (abstract no. PoA 2043). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400336; Bosch ML; Van den Akker R; Osterhaus AD; Laboratory of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health; and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: To characterize a new HIV-1 isolate from Ghana and to establish the amount of sequence variation between the envelope genes of individual subclones of this isolate. METHODS: An HIV-1 isolate was obtained from a Ghanese individual whose serum displayed unusual western blot
Experimental infection of human macrophages by the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A10 (abstract no. PoA 2047). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400337; De Revel T; Mabonzo A; Bahuau M; Roques P; Boussin F; Gras G; Neveu Y; Dormont D; HIA Val de Grace Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE. To determine the permissivity in vitro of the human macrophage for the HTLV-1 virus. METHODS. Macrophages were obtained by adherence of human monocytes isolated by counterflow centrifugation elutriation from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Infection by HTLV-1 was performed using a coculture with gamma i
HIV-induced-syncytia mediate cell death by apoptosis in monocyte-macrophages.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A10 (abstract no. PoA 2042). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400338; Bergamini A; Ghibelli L; Piacentini M; Perno CF; Capozzi M; Pesce CD; Calio R; Rocchi G; University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Analysis of the relationships between HIV replication and cell death mediated by apoptosis in monocyte-macrophages (M/M). MATERIALS AND METHODS: M/M were obtained from HIV-negative donors and cultured in the presence (M-CSF-M/M) or absence (normal-M/M) of 1000 U/ml of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (
Longterm evolution of sequences in two HIV-1 infected Dutch homosexuals in relation to pathogenesis.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A10 (abstract no. PoA 2045). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400339; Bruisten S; Koppelman M; Dekker J; Bakker M; Goudsmit J; Huisman H; Central Lab. of the Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: 1. Estimation of the length of the open window phase in HIV-1 infection using samples of the Dutch cohort of homosexuals. 2. To determine the mutation rate of HIV-1 env V3, V4 and V5 regions within patients from before seroconversion up to 5 years after seroconversion and to correlate the emerged sequences
Biologic characteristics of HIV-1 do not correlate with changes in envelope V3 domain.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A11 (abstract no. PoA 2051). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400340; Fenyo EM; Keys B; Fredriksson R; Chiodi F; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; OBJECTIVE: To test whether distinct replicative and cytopathic characteristics of HIV-1 isolates and molecular clones can be attributed to changes in the envelope V3 domain. METHODS: The third passage of virus isolates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was used for amplification by polymerase chain reaction
Characterization of continuous cell lines of mangabey origin infected with SIVsmm and STLV-I.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A11 (abstract no. PoA 2052). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400341; Fultz P; May P; Su L; Schweibert B; University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham 35294.; OBJECTIVES: To generate continuous CD4+ cell lines of simian origin and to assess their usefulness for studying replicative properties of various SIV/HIV-2 strains. METHODS: PBMC from a sooty mangabey monkey naturally coinfected with SIVsmm and STLV-I were mitogen stimulated for 3 days, superinfected with SIVsmmPBj14,
Extracellular matrix and HIV replication in monocytes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A11 (abstract no. PoA 2048). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400342; Dhawan S; Vargo M; Jones BE; Toro LA; Meltzer MS; Dept. Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Inst. Res.,; Washington, DC 20307.; OBJECTIVES: Examine effects of extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell integrins on HIV replication in monocytes and changes in matrix interactions by infected cells. METHODS: HIV-1ADA infected monocytes cultured on ECM-coated plates in serum-free medium were examined microscopically for cell attachment, spreading, and mo
Isolation and preliminary molecular characterization of an atypical HIV1-related retrovirus from an AIDS patient.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A11 (abstract no. PoA 2053). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400343; Ingrand D; Remy G; Agut H; Candotti D; Chamaret S; Guetard D; Montagnier L; Tabary T; Chippaux C; Huraux JM; Hopital Robert Debre, CHRU de Reims, Paris, France.; HIV-1 variants raise the problems of their diagnosis and of their pathogenic role in AIDS. We have isolated a novel HIV which differs significantly from other known isolates and is correlated with AIDS. A 39 year-old woman was hospitalized for cervix cancer and was found to exhibit a light pancytopenia. On august 90,
The populations of ENV sequence variants in brain tissue of HIV infected individuals differ from those in peripheral circulation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A11 (abstract no. PoA 2049). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400344; Donaldson Y; Rebus S; Leigh-Brown A; Simmonds P; Dept Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh.; AIMS: To compare the population of HIV sequence variants in brain tissue with that of the peripheral circulation to explore how sequence variability contributes to the pathogenesis of HIV infection. METHODS: HIV proviral DNA was amplified by nested PCR from brain tissue, lymph nodes and peripheral blood mononuclear ce
Viral characterisation of a group of transfusion recipients with a single common donor.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A11 (abstract no. PoA 2050). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400345; Evans L; McQueen P; Tindall B; Learmont J; Bryne C; Penny R; Cooper DA; Centre for Immunology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.; OBJECTIVES: To characterise the infecting virus strain in a group of five transfusion recipients and their donor, all whom have remained asymptomatic and with conserved CD4+ cell counts over seven years of observation. METHODS: Proliferation rates (3H-thymidine uptake) were assessed after peripheral blood mononuclear
Biological phenotype of HIV-1 clones at different stages of infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A12 (abstract no. PoA 2057). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400346; Schuitemaker H; Koot M; Kootstra NA; Schattenkerk JK; Van Steenwijk RP; Miedema F; Tersmette M; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service.; The prevalence and biological phenotype of HIV-1 variants were analyzed at the clonal level at different stages of infection and in different tissue compartments applying limiting dilution virus isolation procedures. Biological HIV-1 clones were obtained by primary isolation from patient peripheral blood mononuclear c
Culture selection for syncytium-inducing HIV-1 V3 genotypes masks in vivo diversity of the principal neutralization domain.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A12 (abstract no. PoA 2059). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400347; Wolfs T; De Jong J; Boucher C; Hartman S; Keulen W; Schipper P; Goudsmit J; HRL, UvA, Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the role of the V3 domain in the in vitro selection of virus variants with distinct biological and antigenic properties. METHODS: PBMC s and plasma of an HIV-1 infected individual who recently converted from non-syncytium inducing to syncytium inducing viruses were cocultivated with donor PBL
Detection of highly divergent HIV strains in India.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A12 (abstract no. PoA 2055). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400348; Dietrich U; Grez M; von Briesen H; Pfutzner A; Maniar JK; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, FRG.; OBJECTIVES: The serological evaluation of HIV infection in a high risk population in Bombay and the genetic characterization of the isolated viruses. METHODS: A high risk population (patients of the STD clinic and the GT hospital in Bombay) was tested for antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Among 405 serum samples ana
HIV-1 in vitro neutralization by anti-gp120 V3 antibodies is systematically associated with protection against thrombin cleavage.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A12 (abstract no. PoA 2058). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400349; Traincard F; Nato F; Mazie JC; Barre-Sinoussi F; Hybridolab, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To establish a correlation between neutralizing capacities displayed by anti-gp120 V3 loop monoclonal antibodies, and their ability to protect the gp120 from protease (i.e. Thrombin) cleavage. Identifying V3 loop epitopic determinants able to generate such protective antibodies. METHODS: Mouse anti-gp120 V
Inhomogeneous distribution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviruses within spleen.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A12 (abstract no. PoA 2054). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400350; Cheynier R; Delassus S; Sala M; Wain-Hobson S; Laboratoire de Retrovirologie Moleculaire, Institut Pasteur,; Paris.; OBJECTIVES: Is there a spatial distribution (inhomogeneity) of HIV-1 genomes in an infected spleen? What is the relationship between sequences in peripheral blood and spleen? METHODS: After splenectomy, the organ was cut into small fragments and the mononuclear cells were independently extracted from the each piece. T
Phylogenetic relationships among HIV isolates from single and mixed HIV-1/HIV-2 infections.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A12 (abstract no. PoA 2056). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400351; Pieniazek D; De Cock K; Owen MS; Fridlund C; Brattegaard K; Pieniazek NJ; George JR; Schochetman G; Rayfield MA; CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333.; OBJECTIVE: Mixed HIV-1/HIV-2 infections have been molecularly documented in Brazil and Cote d Ivoire . To further evaluate if HIV strains involved in these heterotypic infections are elements of an unique cluster of viruses with a predilecti
Analysis of genetic variability in Spanish HIV1 isolates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A13 (abstract no. PoA 2064). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400352; Lopez-Galindez C; Rojas JM; Dopazo J; Najera I; Bernal A; Najera R; CNBCR (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.; INTRODUCTION: Genetic variability of HIV is a common property of RNA viruses, which reflects the quasi-species distribution of the viral populations. It has a clear implication in the genetic heterogeneity of field isolates. In this study we analyzed several viruses isolated in Madrid, by the RNase A mismatch cleavage
Direct sequencing of HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop by polymerase chain reaction in Argentinian samples.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A13 (abstract no. PoA 2063). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400353; Gomez Carrillo M; Hodara V; Piccardo C; Calello M; Pampuro S; Martinez PL; Libonatti O; National Reference Centre for AIDS, University of Buenos Aires; School of Medicine, Argentina.; OBJECTIVE: To perform direct sequencing of HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology in order to compare results obtained in Argentinian samples with HIV-1 strains of other geographical regions. METHODS: A total of 20 HIV-1 infected intravenous drug users from
Genetic analysis of transmembrane fusion domain of noncytopathic and cytopathic HIV2 isolates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A13 (abstract no. PoA 2065). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400354; Vergne AJ; Goncalves MO; Santos F; Moniz-Pereira J; Fac. Farmacia, Univer. de Lisboa, Portugal.; OBJECTIVES: To search for mutations which disrupt the hydrophobicity of the fusion domain of natural noncytopathic HIV2 isolates. METHODS: Three noncytopathic HIV2 strains were studied. One was recovered from an ARC patient from Guine-Bissau and the two others from a second patient, who was developing AIDS, at two dif
Plaque hybridization assay of HIV-1 with various types of cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A13 (abstract no. PoA 2060). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400355; Kato S; Hiraishi Y; Tominaga K; Takano T; School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.; OBJECTIVES: To develop a plaque hybridization assay of HIV-1 which can measure the numbers of and to clone infectious viruses on different host cells, even if visible plaques are not formed. METHODS: MT-4, Molt-4 (T cell lines), U-937 (monocyte line) and PBMCs were used as host cells. Virus inocula were filtrated cult
Possible subclinical simian immunodeficiency virus infection in rhesus macaques.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A13 (abstract no. PoA 2062). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400356; Lewis MG; Eddy GA; McCutchan FE; Burke DS; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville MD.; OBJECTIVE: To determine whether animals given a subinfectious dose of SIV develop cryptic infections undetectable by standard serological methods. METHODS: Twenty-two rhesus macaques were given either 1.0, 0.1 or 0.01 monkey infectious doses (MID50) of either SIVmac251 or SIVmac239. The animals were evaluated for evid
Prognostic value of HIV-1 biological phenotype for rate of CD4+ cell depletion and progression to AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A13 (abstract no. PoA 2061). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400357; Koot M; Keet RP; Vos AH; de Goede RE; Roos MT; Coutinho RA; Miedema F; Schellekens PT; Tersmette M; Central Lab. of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transf. Service,; Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVES: Differences in biological properties in-vitro have been described for isolates of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The emergence of high-replicating, syncytium-inducing (SI) HIV-1 variants with a tropism for T-cell lines
Biological characterization of African and European HIV isolates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A14 (abstract no. PoA 2066). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400358; Nkengasong J; Peeters M; Fransen K; Gershy-Damet GM; Nys P; van der Groen G; Piot P; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.; OBJECTIVE. To compare the replicative capacity (RC), syncytium-inducing effect (SI), and host range of HIV isolates from African and European Origin. METHODS. 97 African (West, Central, & East Africa) and 68 European HIV isolates obtained from subjects with varying clinical stages were used. The clinical stages of
Downregulation of HIV-1 production after activation of HIV-1 infected monocyte-derived macrophages.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A14 (abstract no. PoA 2068). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400359; Nottet HS; de Graaf L; de Vos NM; Bakker LJ; Van Strijp JA; Visser MR; Verhoef J; University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of phagocytosis and stimulation on the HIV-1 production by HIV infected monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and to study the effect of HIV-1 infection on phagocyte function of MDM. METHODS: MDM were analyzed for complement- and Fc gamma-receptor expression using immunofluorescence cytomet
Heterogeneity of HIV isolates in Russia.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A14 (abstract no. PoA 2067). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400360; Nossik D; Zlobin A; Kalnina L; Zhigulin A; Bochkova M; Kiseleva I; Stachanova V; Pokrovsky V; Lvov D; Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia.; OBJECTIVE: Characterisation of HIV isolates, circulating on the territory of Russia . METHODS: Identification of isolates by ELISA, immunofluorescence, measurement of reverse transcriptase activity, Western-blot, polymerase chain reaction and sequence. RESULTS: 81 isolate from 23 ci
Relationship of complement activation and monocyte phenotype and function in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A14 (abstract no. PoA 2069). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400361; Rodriguez-Barradas MC; Trial J; Bandres JC; Birdsall H; Musher D; Rossen RD; Department of Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; Texas 77030.; OBJECTIVES: Complement activation in HIV-infected individuals, triggered by circulating immune complexes (CIC), or by episodic showers of microorganisms may activate mononuclear leukocyte function. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between complement activation and phenotype and function of circulating
Selective ablation of dendritic cells in transgenic mice: a model for understanding the role of dendritic cells in the pathophysiology of HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A14 (abstract no. PoA 2071). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400362; Salomon B; Lores P; Pioche C; Jami J; Klatzmann D; CNRS URA D1463.; Dendritic cells (DC) are potent antigen presenting cells which play a crucial role in the initiation of T-cell mediated immune responses. DC express CD4, are susceptible to HIV infection in vitro, and are infected in HIV+ patients. DC seem less sensitive than lymphocytes to the cytopathogenic effect of HIV, and might
Solid phase direct sequencing of HIV-1 quasi-species.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A14 (abstract no. PoA 2070). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400363; Salminen M; Leinikki P; HIV-Unit, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.; OBJECTIVE: To develop a method for HIV-1 genetic classification that can be applied to epidemiological and pathogenesis studies. METHODS: Nested PCR was used to amplify selected regions of HIV-1 gag and env from uncultured human white blood cells. Using a 5 -biotinylated primer in the secondary PCR facilitated capture
Genetic and biologic characterization of HIV-1 proviral clones from uncultured human brain.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A15 (abstract no. PoA 2072). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400364; Li Y; Hui H; Price R; Hahn B; Shaw G; University of Alabama, Birmingham.; OBJECTIVES: All presently available replication-competent proviral clones of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) are derived from cell culture-amplified virus. Since tissue culture is highly selective for viral strains with an in vitro growth advantage, such clones may not be representative of the biologically
HIV-1 enhances the development of EBV-induced B-cell lymphoma in vivo.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A15 (abstract no. PoA 2075). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400365; Boyle TJ; Coles RE; Kizilbash AM; Lyerly HK; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; 27710.; OBJECTIVES: HIV-1-infected individuals are at risk for development of fatal lymphoproliferative disease. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated in pathogenesis, following immunosuppression by HIV-1. Recent evidence, however, suggests a direct role of HIV-1 in B-cell transformation. The ability of HIV-1 to enhance the
HIV1--HIV2 coinfection in Mexico.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A15 (abstract no. PoA 2073). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400366; Vazquez-Valls E; Lequin RM; Campos-Lopez P; Calkhoven PG; Unidad de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, IMSS,; Guadalajara, Mexico.; OBJECTIVE: To obtain evidence for HIV2 infection in Mexico . METHODS: In 1990, in a quality control evaluation, 229 (181 positive for HIV1 and 48 negative) serum samples from 4,200 sera obtained between 1985 to 1989 searching for HIV1 and HIV2 antibodies in several groups (male homom
Interleukin-6 production in AIDS lymphomas.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A15 (abstract no. PoA 2077). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400367; Emilie D; Coumbaras J; Raphael M; Devergne O; Galanaud P; INSERM 131, Clamart, France.; To analyze the potential role of IL-6 as a growth factor for lymphomatous cells in AIDS lymphomas, the in situ production of IL-6 was analyzed in samples taken from 20 HIV-infected patients. Nine Burkitt s lymphomas, 5 diffuse large cell lymphomas, 4 immunoblastic lymphomas, 1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma and 1 Hodgm
Natural antibodies to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in endemic and epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A15 (abstract no. PoA 2074). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400368; Beth-Giraldo E; Caruso A; Bonfanti C; Monaco M; Tamburini M; Turano A; Giraldo G; Ist. Naz. Tumori, Naples, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the autoimmune response to IFN- in patients with KS, whether the endemic African KS, the classic KS or the epidemic form (AIDS/KS or AAKS). METHODS: Identification of antibodies to IFN-gamma in sera from patients with endemic, classic and epidemic KS and matched (age, sex, geographic) healthy sm
Use of recombinant antigens in ELISAs to measure IgA and IgG responses: comparison of responses to EBV membrane antigen and HIV-1 envelope antigen.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A15 (abstract no. PoA 2076). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400369; Durda PJ; Sullivan M; DuPont Company, Medical Products, North Billerica, MA 01862.; OBJECTIVES: To determine if IgA responses to EBV membrane antigen (EBV rMA) show significant correlation with various stages of HIV-1 induced disease. METHODS: EBV rMA was purified from supernatant fluids from clones of the mammalian recombinant cell line GH3 delta 19 (J. Virol. 61:1796 (1987)) by lectin affinity and m
Expression of B-type Epstein-Barr virus in HIV-infected patients and cardiac transplant recipients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A16 (abstract no. PoA 2079). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400370; Kyaw MT; Hurren L; Evans L; Moss DJ; Cooper DA; Benson E; Esmore D; Sculley TB; QIMR, Brisbane, Australia.; OBJECTIVES: Determine whether the high incidence of B-type Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in HIV-positive individuals is due to their immunocompromised state. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from both HIV-positive individuals and another group of HIV-negative immunocompromised patm
High expression of c-myc gene is associated with chromosomal translocation in AIDS-related B-cell lymphoma.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A16 (abstract no. PoA 2078). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400371; Rasheed S; Kaplan B; Shieh CK; Li Z; Laboratory of Viral Oncology and AIDS Research, USC School of; Medicine, Los Angeles 90032-3626.; OBJECTIVE: To understand the molecular mechanism/s of B-cell lymphoma development in patients with AIDS. METHODS: A lymphoid cell line was established in vitro from the circulating tumor cells present in the peripheral blood of a patient with AIDS-related lymphoma. Cells were characterized by immunophenotyping, cytogem
Homogeneous V3 sequences in newborn closely relates to V3 sequences in mother in first trimester of pregnancy, but less at delivery. The Dutch Collaborative Study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A16 (abstract no. PoA 2083). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400372; Kampinga GA; Boer K; Scherpbier HJ; Dekker J; Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate the diversification of the HIV-1 V3 domain during pregnancy and vertical transmission. METHODS: Genomic RNA was isolated from serum of a mother following the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy, at delivery and 9 months post-partum and from her newborn at birth (cord-blood) and atm
HIV infection of human foetal mucosal explants induced crypt hyperplasia in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A16 (abstract no. PoA 2080). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400373; Batman P; Fleming SC; MacDonald T; Sedgwick P; Griffin GE; St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To quantitate crypt cell proliferation in human foetal intestinal mucosal explants maintained and infected with HIV in organ culture. METHOD: 20 human foetal jejunal and colonic explants, obtained at 16 weeks gestational age, were cultured in vitro. Each piece of tissue was dissected into 2mm3 aliquots for m
Maternal-fetal HIV-transmission: involvement of CD4 and Fc-gamma- receptors in HIV-infection of placenta-derived cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A16 (abstract no. PoA 2081). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400374; David FJ; Tran HC; Serpente N; Topilko A; Vaquero C; Gounon P; Autran B; Barre-Sinoussi F; Chaouat G; Biologie de la relation materno-foetale, Hop. A. Beclere; Clamart, France.; OBJECTIVE: HIV-infection of fetus supports a transplacental contamination. To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved at the level of the maternal-fetal barrier allowing vertical transmission of HIV, we studied: I-the permissivity of placenta-derived cells to infection with HIV- II. The respective role of CD4 anm
Neutralizing antibodies and materno-foetal transmission of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A16 (abstract no. PoA 2082). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400375; Gras G; Beyssen V; Marce D; Parnet-Mathieu F; Herve F; Roques P; Courpotin C; Dormont D; CEA, Fontenay aux Roses, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE. To determine whether neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) could have a protective role against vertical transmission of HIV-1 and/or clinical outcome of infected newborns. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Studied cohort: 35 mother-newborn couples were included in a retrospective study. 14 children were diagnosed infected, am
A prospective study of infants born to HIV-1 seropositive women using an in vitro induced HIV-specific antibodies production.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A17 (abstract no. PoA 2087). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400376; Caterino-de-Araujo A; Casseb J; Marques HH; Grumach AS; Inst. Adolfo Lutz, SP, Brazil.; OBJECTIVE: To identify the possible implications of the in vitro production of HIV-specific antibody for the diagnosis, prognosis and clinical management of the HIV infection in infants. METHODS: Sixty-one children born to HIV-infected women were followed prospectively for about 18 months by measuring total immunoglobm
HIV detection in specimens retrieved from newborn screening.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A17 (abstract no. PoA 2088). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400377; Comeau AM; Hsu HW; Schwerzler M; Mushinsky G; Grady GF; Division of Newborn Screening, State Laboratory Institute,; Jamaica Plain, MA 02130.; OBJECTIVE: To study an archival set of dried blood spot (DBS) specimens obtained routinely from all newborns (Guthrie cards) to determine whether the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could identify HIV infection at birth. METHODS: We retrieved specimens from 42 children born between 1986-1990 whose clinical course of im
HIV specific IgA antibodies (IgA-HIV Abs) identify infected children before maternal IgG-HIV Abs are lost.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A17 (abstract no. PoA 2089). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400378; Gonzalez-Molina A; Bayona A; Otero M; Tamarit A; Granda D; Ramos P; Canosa C; Immunology Dpt., Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the sensitivity and the specificity of seric IgA-HIV Abs, and their usefulness in the detection of HIV infected children born to HIV(+) mothers. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 265 frozen or fresh sera, sequentially collected (every 3 mo) from children born to HIV(+) mothers (n = 103 subjects), and age-mm
In vitro HIV receptivity of human fetal cells from the first two trimesters of pregnancy.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A17 (abstract no. PoA 2084). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400379; Sanhadji K; Firouzi R; Laplace S; Pelloquin F; Touraine JL; Fac. de Medecine A. Carrel, INSERM U80, Lyon, France.; OBJECTIVE: The route of transmission, the time and the target organs of HIV infection in the human fetus are still imprecise. The in vitro infectivity of fetal tissues with HIV was analyzed, using organs collected from 7-22 week fetuses. METHODS: Fetal livers, thymuses and spleens were obtained from donors of 7, 9, 14m
T-cell subset changes during and after pregnancy in a cohort of HIV-1 sero(+) and sero(-) African mothers.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A17 (abstract no. PoA 2086). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400380; Bisalinkumi E; Nawrocki P; Chao A; Bulterys M; Dushimimana A; Mugabo E; Saah A; National University of Rwanda, Butare.; OBJECTIVE: To determine T-cell subset changes among HIV-1 sero(+) and sero(-) women during pregnancy and up to one year postpartum, stratified by the presence of HIV-1 related symptoms. METHODS: Heparinized peripheral blood was collected from 134 HIV-1 sero(+) and 66 sero(-) women during their 2nd prenatal visit. For m
Vertical transmission of HIV-1 infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A17 (abstract no. PoA 2085). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400381; Ugen K; Goedert J; Boyer J; Refaeli Y; Williams W; Willoughby A; Landesman S; Rubinstein A; Kieber-Emmons T; Weiner D; Wistar Institute.; Approximately 70% of HIV infected pregnant women who exhibit significant humoral immune responses to the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein do not transmit infection to their fetus. This observation suggests that antibody-based therapies may have utility in the prevention of maternal transmission of HIV-1. In fact, therapeutm
A strategy for HTLV antibody confirmation in low HTLV prevalence populations.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A18 (abstract no. PoA 2093). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400382; Tuke PW; Luton P; Garson J; Brennan M; Tedder RS; Division of Virology, U.C.M.S.M., London, England.; OBJECTIVES: To develop a strategy for HTLV antibody confirmation independent of routine immunoblotting, suitable for screening low HTLV prevalence populations. METHODS: 100,000 blood donors at the North London Blood Transfusion Centre were screened using a modification of the Fujirebio Gelatin Particle Agglutination am
Evaluation of a new synthetic peptides ELISA for the detection of anti-HIV 1 and anti-HIV 2 antibodies.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A18 (abstract no. PoA 2091). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400383; Chateau S; Rabillon V; Van Rietschoten J; Hoffenbach A; Somme G; Clonatec, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of a new ELISA based upon synthetic peptides for the detection of anti-HIV 1 and anti-HIV 2 antibodies (CLONATEC, HIV (1 + 2) Ab EIA) METHODS: Sera or plasma are diluted ten fold in wells of a microtitration plate coated with 3 synthetic peptides corresponding to im
HIV-1 infection of both T and B lymphocytes in IVDU coinfected by HTLV-II.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A18 (abstract no. PoA 2095). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400384; Casoli C; Mori L; Zella D; Lori F; Lusso P; Achilli G; Cattaneo E; Bertazzoni U; Univ. Parma, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Identification of peripheral blood cells infected by HIV-1 in intravenous drug users (IVDU) coinfected by HTLV-II. Definition of the in vivo cellular tropism of HIV-1 during coinfection with other retroviruses. METHODS: Patients: 3 IVDU coinfected by HIV-1 and HTLV-II and belonging to CDC group II, IVC2 anm
Immunodetection of PCR amplified fragments of HIV-1 DNA in children born to seropositive mothers.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A18 (abstract no. PoA 2092). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400385; Trenti G; Borghi V; Pietrosemoli P; Codeluppi M; Lami G; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Modena, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: A comparison of a DNA Enzyme ImmunoAssay (DEIA) and Southern blot hybridization (SH) to detect DNA amplification product by PCR in HIV infected patients. METHODS: PCR was performed in 24 samples, extracted from PBMCs in children born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers to detect the presence of HIV-1 DNA provirum
Optimization of culture conditions for detection of infectious HIV-1 in semen.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A18 (abstract no. PoA 2094). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400386; Anderson D; Tucker L; Gallion T; Fearing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVES: To optimize culture conditions for detection of infectious HIV-1 in semen. METHODS: Three strains of HIV-1 (IIIb substrain and 2 wild type strains) were maintained in Jurkatt or peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) cultures. Cell-free virus or washed HIV-infected PBLs were inoculated into fresh semen or semen m
Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus in HIV-1-infected patients including in the Nice SEROCO cohort. Evaluation of a new confirmation procedure.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A18 (abstract no. PoA 2090). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400387; Quaranta JF; Dellamonica P; Cassuto JP; Ligue Regionale Francaise de Lutte contre le SIDA, Nice,; France.; OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibody (Ab) to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a Cohort of HIV-infected patients (belonging to the SEROCO French multicentric protocol) by means of a 2nd generation (gen) EIA and a confirmatory test. METHODS: 272 sera collected between January 1988/Augum
CD20 expression on B cells may distinguish between infected and non-infected exposed children.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A19 (abstract no. PoA 2098). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400388; Rabin R; Staal F; Seavello J; Herzenberg L; Maldonado Y; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine,; CA.; OBJECTIVES: We have shown that HIV infected adults express higher levels of CD20 than non-infected adults (in press). Furthermore, CD20 levels increase early after exposure to HIV. These studies suggested that: 1) the B cells of HIV infected children may also express higher levels of CD20, and 2) higher expression of m
Horizontal transmission of SIV in juvenile male rhesus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A19 (abstract no. PoA 2101). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400389; Lowenstine L; Jennings M; Yee J; Vogel P; Scott L; Lerche N; Hendrickx A; California Regional Primate Research Center, School of Veterinary; Medicine, University of California, Davis.; OBJECTIVE: To see if simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) can spread among rhesus (as a model of natural exposure for vaccine testing). METHODS: 4 healthy SIV seronegative juvenile male rhesus (Macaca mulatta) were inoculated IV with SIVstm (a cause of past out breaks of AIDS in macaques), put in a group cage with 5 sim
Infection of macaques with a heterogeneous SIV preparation is established by a limited set of genotypes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A19 (abstract no. PoA 2097). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400390; Hulskotte EG; Bosch ML; De Vries P; Osterhaus AD; Laboratory of Immunobiology, RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: To gain insight into the level of heterogeneity of SIV genotypes upon infection of macaques with a heterogeneous virus inoculum. METHODS: A nested-primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the envelope gene directly from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a rhesus macaque two weeks aftem
Interactions between human immunodeficiency virus and human papillomavirus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A19 (abstract no. PoA 2099). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400391; Doherty R; Tanskanen E; Churchill MJ; Deacon NJ; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Melbourne,; Australia.; BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Infection with HIV is associated with an altered clinical pattern of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, including increased frequency of detectable infection, and increased risk of developing HPV associated epithelial dysplasia or carcinoma. These findings, and the demonstration of HIV m
Low level expression of HIV-1 genome in cervical swabs from seropositives prostitutes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A19 (abstract no. PoA 2100). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400392; Garcia-Saiz A; Vallejo A; Lopez-Galindez C; Contreras G; Rodriguez J; Estebanez P; Najera R; CNBCR, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; OBJECTIVES: To assess if polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a useful technique to detect HIV-1 DNA in cervical swabs samples from prostitutes who were seropositives. To use the expression level of HIV-1 genome in cervical swabs samples as a possible index of heterosexual transmission. METHODS: Cervical swabs were obta
Reactivity of Brazilian sera with gp120 V3 peptides.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A19 (abstract no. PoA 2096). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400393; Bongertz V; Jonsson M; Flodby P; Morgado MG; Galvao-Castro B; Wigzell H; Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the antibody specificity of HIV-1 infected brazilian residents for synthetic peptides corresponding to the V3 region of gp120 of 5 HIV-1 isolates. METHODS: Plasma samples diluted 1:100 were tested against the C50-C58 peptides of the IIIB, MN, SC, WMJ-2 and RF HIV-1 isolates bound to microtiter plat
HIV binds to normal sperm and is present in sperm from infected men.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A20 (abstract no. PoA 2102). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400394; Scofield V; Poiesz B; Kennedy C; Broder S; Diagne A; Rao B; Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of Medicine; 90024.; OBJECTIVES: Sperm fuse to somatic cells through HLA class II molecules (E. Ashida and V. Scofield, PNAS 84:3395,1987: V. Scofield et al., J. Immunol. 148:1718,1992). Since HIV gp120 and gp41 mimic HLA-DR, it seems likely that sperm also fuse with HIV in the male reproductive tract; however, sperm from infected men hav
HIV infection of early passage cervical epithelial cultures.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A20 (abstract no. PoA 2104). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400395; Patrick S; Wright TC; Fox HE; Ginsberg HS; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Physicians; and Surgeons, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York.; Heterosexual transmission is a significant mode of spread of HIV in the United States . Coincident increases in STDs have been noted and these trends are similar to well-documented epidemiologic data from the Third World supporting enhanced HIV transmission in the presence of ulcerative
Patterns of HIV-1 infected cell burden from seroconversion through AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A20 (abstract no. PoA 2107). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400396; Lee TH; Reis M; Sheppard HW; Busch MP; Irwin Mem'l Blood Cntrs, San Francisco, CA.; OBJECTIVE: Characterize quantitative changes in circulating infected cells over the natural history of disease in relation to clinical/immunological outcome. METHODS: Quantitative HIV-1 gag PCR and PBMC-cocultures were performed on dilutions of cryopreserved PBMC from serial specimens collected over 5 years from 13 Ra
Selection for specific V3 sequences on transmission of HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A20 (abstract no. PoA 2105). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400397; Zhang LQ; Leigh Brown AJ; Holmes EC; Cleland A; Simmonds P; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh,; Scotland, U.K.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether specific sequences at the V3 loop in the env gene of HIV-1 are selected for on transmission of virus between individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plasma samples were collected from 5 independently infected patients prior to or immediately after seroconversion and in a follow up sample
Sexual transmission of HCV and possible role of coexistent HIV infection in the index cases. Viral Hepatitis and AIDS Study Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A20 (abstract no. PoA 2103). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400398; Soto B; Sanchez-Quijano A; Perez-Romero M; Abad MA; Andreu J; Calderon E; Lissen E; Alter HJ; Virgen del Rocio Hospital, Sevilla, Spain.; To obtain data on sexual transmission of HCV and the possible role of coexistent HIV infection in the index cases, we studied anti-HCV prevalence (Ortho Diagnostic) in 175 homosexual men, 310 prostitutes, 88 clients of prostitutes, 99 heterosexual partners of HCV+/HIV+ index cases and 50 heterosexual partners of HCV+/
The accelerated decline of antibody in HIV infected measles vaccinees.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A20 (abstract no. PoA 2106). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400399; Brunell P; Vimal V; Courville T; Srugo I; Israele V; Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048.; OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical and immunologic characteristics associated with decreasing measles antibody levels in HIV infected vaccinees. METHODS: Seventeen children infected with HIV by transfusion during the first months of life and who subsequently received measles vaccine were followed clinically and immunol
Characterization of structures immunologically reacting as p24-antigen which contain HIV-1 DNA.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A21 (abstract no. PoA 2112). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400400; Dennin RH; Medizische Universitat, Lubeck, FRG.; OBJECTIVES: By commercially available kits used for determination of p24 antigens in both supernatants of HIV-1 infected H9-cell cultures and plasma of HIV-1 infected individuals structures can be isolated which contain HIV-1 DNA. This study was designed to get information about the composition of this DNA and the kin
Development of a cellular assay system to evaluate therapeutics for an ability to block HIV-1 activation from latency.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A21 (abstract no. PoA 2109). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400401; Butera S; Feorino P; Schinazi R; Folks T; Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA.; OBJECTIVES: If novel therapeutic compounds or strategies can be developed to prolong the clinically latent period prior to AIDS, some hope may be afforded the estimated 1 million HIV-1+ but asymptomatic individuals. During clinical latency, HIV-1 residues in a reservoir population of CD4+ cells, the majority of which
Evaluation of four methods for HIV antigen detection in circulating immune complexes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A21 (abstract no. PoA 2108). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400402; Bodjeva E; Tzvetanska A; Argirova R; Central AIDS Lab., Sofia, Bulgaria.; OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of four methods in releasing HIV antigen (Ag) from circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera positive for HIV antibodies (Ab). METHODS: We chose two groups of methods: 1) using precipitation of CIC with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol, followed by acid treatment
No evidence of silent infection in people at risk for heterosexually transmitted HIV-1 infection. Analysis by nested polymerase chain reaction.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A21 (abstract no. PoA 2110). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400403; Calderon E; Luque F; Medrano FJ; Soto E; Rey C; Sanchez-Quijano A; Leal M; Aguado I; Pineda JA; Lissen E; University Hospital V. Rocio, Sevilla, Spain.; OBJECTIVE: To clarify whether silent infections by HIV-1 are frequent among people at risk for heterosexual transmission. METHODS: One hundred and fifty specimens were studied from 135 subjects at risk for heterosexually transmitted HIV-1 infection. Cohort 1 included 92 female non-intravenous drug users prostitutes (m
Quantitation of HIV RNA in serum from HIV infected subjects.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A21 (abstract no. PoA 2113). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400404; Escaich S; Lepot D; Rougier P; Lamelin JP; Trepo C; INSERM U 271 Lyon, France.; OBJECTIVE: To detect and quantitate cell-free HIV RNA in serum by PCR, in order to assess HIV replication in infected individuals. METHODS: Twenty two seropositive patients were studied, 6 were in CDC class II, 4 in III, 8 in IVC2, and 4 have AIDS (class IVD and IVC1). RNA was extracted from fresh serum with guanidium
Quantitation of HIV-1 RNA in PBMC's from HIV-1 seropositive patients: correlation with clinical status.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A21 (abstract no. PoA 2111). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400405; Cimino GD; Zhu Y; Londe HL; Hanson CV; Sheppard HW; Isaacs ST; Hearst JE; HRI Research, Inc., Concord, CA.; OBJECTIVE: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with reverse transcription (RT) was used to quantify human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in HIV-infected H9 culture cells and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC s) of HIV-1 seropositive patients and HIV seronegative patients at high risk for H
Analysis of HIV-1 LTR-LTR junctions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A22 (abstract no. PoA 2115). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400406; Jurriaans S; De Ronde A; Dekker J; Goudsmit J; Cornelissen M; HRL, UvA, Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVE: The presence of 2-LTR circles and the sequence of 2-LTR circle junctions was studied in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HIV-1 infected individuals. METHODS: Cellular DNA was extracted from the PBMC samples and subjected to (nested) PCR analysis, using primers that span the LTR-LTR junction. Th
HIV-1 induction from chronically infected cells by cigarette smoke constituents, benzo(a)pyrene and NNK.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A22 (abstract no. PoA 2114). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400407; Hewlett I; Joshi B; Norcross M; Hoffman T; Riordan G; Epstein J; Division of Transfusion Science, CBER, FDA, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects and to understand the mechanism of induction of HIV-1 from a chronically infected promonocytic cell line, U1, by certain constituents of cigarette smoke viz. benzo(a)pyrene (BP) and 2,4-(methyl nitrosamino)-1-3-pyridyl)-1 butanone (NNK). METHODS: U1 cells, characterized by low const
Inhibition of reactivation of HIV-1 in latently infected cells with novel protein kinase C inhibitors.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A22 (abstract no. PoA 2119). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400408; Patzold S; Schachtele C; Rudolph C; Schneider J; Godecke AG, Dept. Biochem. Pharmacol., Freiburg.; OBJECTIVE: Reactivation of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in latently infected cell lines is mediated by protein kinase C (PKC). Suppression of HIV-1 replication by inhibitors of PKC has been described but the compounds used were of low potency and selectivity. Thus a series of indolocarbazole derivatives, whi
Quantitation of HIV-1 RNA viremia and infectious virus-carrying cell frequency in the blood of HIV-1 infected symptom-free individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A22 (abstract no. PoA 2117). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400409; Lu W; Shih JW; Andrieu D; Andrieu JM; Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Laennec Hospital, Universite de; Paris V.; OBJECTIVE: To address whether there is a viral latency in the asymptomatic phase of HIV-1 infection, the number of RNA virions and the frequency of infectious HIV+ cells were measured in blood samples from HIV+ symptom-free individuals. METHODS: Frozen sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected
The intracellular nucleotide pool affects HIV replication.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A22 (abstract no. PoA 2118). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400410; Meyerhans A; Vartanian JP; Hultgren C; Eriksson S; Wain-Hobson S; Institute of Medical Microbiology, Freiburg.; OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the impact of intracellular nucleotide pool changes on HIV-1 replication ex vivo. METHODS: PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from seronegative blood donors were incubated with HIV-1 Lai primary isolate at 4 degrees C for 30 min. After shifting to 37 degrees C for 15 min 0
Transient infection by int-/nef-double mutants of simian immunodeficiency virus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A22 (abstract no. PoA 2116). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400411; Kurth R; Vogel M; Norley S; Cichutek K; Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Langen, Germany.; OBJECTIVES: The experimental goal was to construct virus variants of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac251) isolated from rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) incapable of chromosomal integration but able to elicit a transient infection in permissive lymphocytes. METHODS: Subclones of plasmid pBK28 (kindly provided by
A prospective study of HIV2 infected patients: HIV2 virus load and correlation with immunological status.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A23 (abstract no. PoA 2123). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400412; Simon F; Bartzack S; Pepin JM; Gamba E; Kerouani G; Matheron S; Saimot AG; Brun-Vezinet F; Lab de Virologie, Hop Cl. Bernard, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To correlate virus load and immunological status of HIV2 infected adult patients (pts). PATIENTS: 27 pts from the Bichat-Cl. Bernard HIV2 infected adult cohort were tested. METHODS: Virus isolation was performed in duplicate from PBMC (6 five-fold dilutions), plasma (500 microliters) and whole blood (500 m
Detection of HIV-1 genome by in situ PCR hybridization.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A23 (abstract no. PoA 2124). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400413; Sturchio E; Rosci MA; Vonesch N; Miceli M; Mirolo M; Mannella E; Pezzella M; Institute Infectious Diseases, University La Sapienza, Rome,; Italy.; OBJECTIVE: In order to detect the HIV-1 genome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from high risk subjects we performed an in situ PCR amplification and hybridization. METHODS: Seven seropositive subjects and 8 high risk seronegative subjects were included in our study. All were enrolled as they were positiv
Effect of zidovudine (ZDV) and rCD4 on accumulation of simple 2-LTR circular HIV provirus in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A23 (abstract no. PoA 2120). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400414; Panther L; Gibson JW; Coombs RW; Corey L; University of Washington, Seattle.; OBJECTIVE. Cytopathic effects of nonhuman retroviruses correlate with accumulation of both linear and circular unintegrated viral cDNA. We developed a PCR-based method to detect two-tandem, simple 2-LTR circular HIV cDNA and examined the effects of ZDV and rCD4 on the in vitro accumulation of circular HIV cDNA. We als
Enhancement of HIV-1 replication by perinatal CMV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A23 (abstract no. PoA 2122). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400415; Siegrist CA; Wyler CA; Suter S; Department of Pediatrics, Hopital Cantonal Universitaire, Geneva,; Switzerland.; OBJ: In vitro data suggests a mutual enhancement of replication in dual infection with HIV-1 and CMV . This case provides clinical data supporting this hypothesis. RES: Born to an HIV-1 infected mother with AIDS having reactivated toxoplasmosis and CMV, the patie
Homologous superinfection of HIV-1-infected cells is blocked at a late retrotranscription step.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A23 (abstract no. PoA 2125). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400416; Taddeo B; Federico M; Titti F; Rossi GB; Verani P; Dept. of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: An HUT-78 clone (F12) chronically infected by a non-producer HIV-1 variant (Federico et al., AIDS Res Hum Retrov 5: 385, 1989) is fully resistant to the superinfection with HIV-1 or HIV-2 isolates. We have studied at which step the homologous viral interference occurs in F12 cells and in others HIV-1 infec
Is tuberculosis a co-factor in HIV immunosuppression?: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A23 (abstract no. PoA 2121). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400417; Pozniak A; Neill P; Ndmere B; Malin A; Phillips A; Chidede L; Latif A; School of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe.; OBJECTIVES: To determine in TB patients with and without co-existent HIV infection: 1) CD4 count at presentation. 2) The effect of treatment on CD4 count. 3) Survival. METHODS: 200 consecutive adults admitted to the Harare City TB unit had an HIV test, absolute CD4 count (x10(8)/l) and CD4% at: 1) Admission. 2) 8 week
Characterization and distribution of cells with HIV-1 RNA in human lymph nodes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A24 (abstract no. PoA 2130). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400418; Tenner-Racz K; Racz P; Schmidt H; von Stemm A; Fox CH; Bernhard-Nocht-Institute, Hamburg, FRG.; OBJECTIVE: To study the preferential localization and phenotype of cells with HIV-1 RNA in lymph nodes (LN) at different stages of persistent generalized lymphadenopathy. METHODS: In situ hybridization (35S-RNA probe of HIV) combined with immunohistochemistry (OPD4, UCHL1, anti-Leu7, CD68, KiM1p, KiM4p and S-100 prote
Clearance of plasma viraemia at seroconversion correlates with anti-gag but not with anti-env or neutralising antibodies to autologous isolates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A24 (abstract no. PoA 2128). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400419; Harwood E; Ariyoshi K; Cheingsong-Popov R; Kaleebu P; Callow D; Weber JN; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of neutralising antibody (NA) against autologous virus isolates derived from primary viraemia, in relation to the clearance of infectious virus from the plasma during the acute HIV seroconversion illness. METHODS: Tissue culture infectious doses (TCID) in plasma and PBMC, and p24 antige
Detection of HIV-1 RNA in epidermal Langerhans cells of HIV-1 infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A24 (abstract no. PoA 2131). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400420; Zambruno G; Cimarelli A; Marconi A; Negroni M; Girolomoni G; Bertazzoni U; Giannetti A; Department of Dermatology, University of Modena, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: Human Langerhans cells (LC) are bone marrow-derived CD1a+, MHC-class II+, CD4+ dendritic antigen-presenting cells populating epidermis and mucosal epithelia. We have recently reported the presence of HIV-1 proviral DNA in purified LC from the epidermis of seropositive patients (J Invest Dermatol 1991, 96:97
HIV-1 infection of thymus in vivo: molecular evidence for a thymic viral variant.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A24 (abstract no. PoA 2126). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400421; Calabro ML; Zanotto C; De Rossi A; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, University of Padova, Italy.; OBJECTIVE. It was shown that thymic cells are susceptible to HIV-1 infection in vitro. As infection of thymic CD4+ precursors may lead to the depletion of CD4+ mature lymphocytes, and thus may play a role in AIDS pathogenesis, our objective was to demonstrate that HIV-1 infection may occur in thymus in vivo. METHODS.
Stromal cells from human tonsil can be infected by HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A24 (abstract no. PoA 2127). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400422; Degrassi A; De Maria A; Lisignoli G; Zini N; Sabatelli P; Cirillo L; Monaco MC; Maraldi N; Hilbert DM; Facchini A; 1st. Pat. Clin. e Sper. Univ. Udine, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Stromal cells play a critical role in the microenvironment of lymphoid tissues. We therefore investigated if CD4 negative stromal cells from human tonsil can be infected by HIV-1. METHODS: Stromal cells isolated from human tonsils of normal subjects with a continuous trypsinization were tested for suscepti
A model of HIV homologous viral interference not mediated by the CD4 down regulation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A25 (abstract no. PoA 2133). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400423; Federico M; Nappi F; Bona R; D'Aloia P; Verani P; Rossi GB; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.; OBJECTIVE: To establish an intracellular immunization against HIV infection taking advantage of the homologous viral interference induced by a non-producer HIV-1 variant. METHODS: From an Hut78 cell clone (F12) chronically infected by a non producer HIV-1 variant, the full length provirus has been cloned and transfect
Development and validation of a quantitative PCR assay to accurately assess the amount of HIV-1 RNA in blood cells from patients undergoing a one year immunotherapeutic treatment.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A25 (abstract no. PoA 2134). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400424; Ferre F; Pezzoli P; Jensen FC; Carlo DJ; Immune Response Corporation, San Diego, CA.; OBJECTIVE: To develop a quantitative HIV RNA PCR assay and to establish its limits in terms of reproducibility and accuracy. This assay is being used for the quantitation of HIV-1 RNA in patients enrolled in the double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using the Salk Immunogen. METHODS: To optimize the assay, modificati
Entry of HIV-1 into T4 HeLa cells and CD4 downregulated lymphoblastoid cells (F12) examined by 1H NMR spectroscopy.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A25 (abstract no. PoA 2135). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400425; Maggiorella MT; Federico M; Verani P; Rossi GB; Guidoni L; Luciani AM; Rosi A; Viti V; Lab. Physics/INFN, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To clarify some aspects of the infection mechanisms which operate at membrane level. METHODS: Stimulated T lymphocytes and tumor cells display a 1H NMR spectrum characterized by signals from mobile lipids, that can be used as natural probes for studies on membrane structure. Transient variation in intensit
Flow cytometric quantitation of HIV-1 p24 positive CD4 cells: correlation with disease progression.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A25 (abstract no. PoA 2136). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400426; Holzer T; Heynen C; Novak R; Pitrak D; Dawson G; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL.; OBJECTIVES: Markers of HIV disease progression such as soluble p24 antigen detection and CD4 lymphocyte depletion are most useful in the later stages of disease and are relatively insensitive as therapeutic monitors. To monitor disease progression, we used a flow cytometric method for detecting intracellular HIV-1 p24
Quantitative assessment of viral replication in acute and early chronic HIV-1 infection: implications for natural history and intervention.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A25 (abstract no. PoA 2132). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400427; Clark S; Campbell-Hill S; Chopra P; Hahn B; Kappes J; Saag M; Shaw G; University of Alabama, Birmingham.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationships between quantitative measures of viral replication in acute and early chronic HIV-1 infection and their potential utility as surrogate markers predictive of disease outcome and response to therapy. METHODS: Six consecutive patients experiencing acute, symptomatic HIV-1 infect
Silent (?) HIV-1 carriers among Ethiopian Jews: epidemiological and immunological implications.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A25 (abstract no. PoA 2137). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400428; Jehuda-Cohen T; Vonsover A; Bentwich Z; Clinical Immunology, Kaplan Hospital, Israel.; OBJECTIVES: We have previously shown that silent HIV carriers (i.e. seronegative PCR+ have HIV specific B cells that upon stimulation in vitro produce detectable levels of HIV antibodies (= polyclonal B cell activation test, P-BAT). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of such HIV carriers in the
Application of quantitative PCR for the evaluation of proviral load in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A26 (abstract no. PoA 2139). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400429; Ko DS; Foss N; Filion LG; Cameron DW; Conway B; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate quantitative PCR as a tool for the measurement of proviral load in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HIV-1-infected patients. METHODS: PBMCs were isolated from patients with known CD4 cell counts, lysed and subjected to 30 cycles of PCR. Product detection was carried out
Extrachromosomal HIV-1 DNA forms in PBMC and in T-cell lines derived from PBMC of a seropositive asymptomatic subject.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A26 (abstract no. PoA 2143). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400430; Titti F; Borsetti A; Testa U; Care A; Samoggia P; Peschle C; Verani P; Rossi GB; Dept. of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To study HIV-1 persistence and latency and virus-host interaction in persistently-infected T-cell lines. METHODS: PBMC s from an asymptomatic HIV-1 seropositive, HTLV-I seronegative (ELISA, WB) subject were cloned by limiting dilution method in the presence of
Genetic susceptibility of human T cells to HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A26 (abstract no. PoA 2140). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400431; Ramarli D; Cambiaggi C; Ortolani R; Azzolina L; Tridente G; Accolla R; Istituto e Servizio di Immunopatologia, USL 25-Universita degli; Studi di Verona, Italy.; The main receptor for HIV infection is the human CD4 molecule and the best recipient for his replication the CD4+ T cell compartment. However, a full productive infection takes place when a successful interaction occurs between cell factors coded by the host genome and viral transacting proteins. The biochemical natur
Intrapatient variation of HIV-1 env gene in vivo hampers the assessment of superinfection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A26 (abstract no. PoA 2142). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400432; Pedroza Martins L; Chencinera N; Wain-Hobson S; Laboratoire de Retrovirologie Moleculaire, Institut Pasteur,; Paris.; OBJECTIVES: To assess the possibility of HIV-1 superinfection by genetic means in samples from three individuals presenting highly complex quasi-species METHODS: Proviral sequences were analyzed from uncultured peripheral blood or brain samples. A DNA sample taken from a fourth patient who HIV quasi-species have been
Quantitative detection of HIV RNA using a signal amplification probe assay.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A26 (abstract no. PoA 2141). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400433; Pachl C; Kern DG; Stempien MM; Zhu YS; Gong Y; Cimino GD; Wilber JC; Urdea MS; Neuwald PD; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA 94608.; OBJECTIVE: A non-isotopic nucleic acid hybridization assay has been developed for the quantitative detection of HIV RNA in plasma. METHODS: This assay involves the hybridization of several synthetic oligonucleotides to the HIV viral RNA, followed by capture of the RNA-probe complex onto a solid support. Branched DNA m
Validation of an improved quantitative PCR assay to accurately assess the amount of HIV-1 DNA in blood cells from patients undergoing a one year immunotherapeutic treatment.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A26 (abstract no. PoA 2138). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400434; Ferre F; Marchese A; Griffin SL; Jensen FC; Carlo DJ; Immune Response Corp, San Diego, CA.; OBJECTIVE: To establish the limits of a quantitative PCR assay in terms of sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility. This assay is being used for the quantitation of HIV-1 DNA in 15 consecutive bleeds from patients involved in a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using the Salk Immuno
Anti-HIV activity of 3-deazaadenosine (3DZA).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A27 (abstract no. PoA 2149). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400435; Flexner C; Hildreth JE; Kuncl RW; Drachman DB; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.; OBJECTIVES: To determine whether 3-deazaadenosine (3DZA), an inhibitor of adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase and membrane phospholipid methylation, would inhibit the infectivity of HIV-1 and related animal lentiviruses in vitro. METHODS: We examined the effect of 3DZA on HIV-1 induced cytopathicity and viral antigen (p24)
Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in AIDS-dementia complex.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A27 (abstract no. PoA 2146). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400436; Perrella O; Izzo E; Carrieri P; Soscia E; Buscaino GA; Hospital D. Cotugno Naples, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: The study was designed to demonstrate if the detection of cytokines in initial stages of AIDS-Dementia complex(ADC) may predict the cerebral involvement before systemic abnormalities. METHODS: We studied 30 patients (20 M; 10 F; range 19-41 years) with HIV-1 infection. The ADC patients were diagnosed as st
Correlation of the expression of activation antigens on CD8 lymphocytes to absolute CD4 counts in normal and HIV-1-infected subjects.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A27 (abstract no. PoA 2144). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400437; Young GI; Thomas J; Fahey JL; Plaeger-Marshall S; Bach BA; Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems, San Jose, CA.; Significant and progressive changes in the CD38+ and HLA-DR+ cellular subsets within the CD8+ compartment have been correlated to advancing clinical stage of HIV disease. Recently, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) drafted guidelines for a revised classification system for staging patients with HIV-1 disease, base
Evidence for neurotoxic activity of Tat peptides from visna virus and HIV in mouse.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A27 (abstract no. PoA 2148). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400438; Philippon V; Vellutini C; Metzger D; Gambarelli D; Vigne R; Harkiss GD; Hayman M; Arbuthnott G; Filippi P; Lab. de Virologie, Faculte de Medecine, Marseille, France.; Neurological syndromes are associated with lentiviral infections. In small ruminants, visna virus, and caprine arthritis encephalitis virus cause encephalitis and demyelination leading to hindlimb ataxia and paralysis. Various lines of evidence, according to autopsy studies, show that the majority of people who die be
Internal standard in quantitative PCR of HIV: construction of a plasmid with a new restriction enzyme site within the env-region.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A27 (abstract no. PoA 2145). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400439; Brau N; Shivji M; Buchbinder A; Medical Service (Infectious Diseases Division), Department of; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York.; OBJECTIVE: To develop a mutated HIV-sequence that serves as internal standard in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A given number of copies of that sequence will be coamplified with an unknown number of copies of HIV. METHODS: Using overlap PCR techniques we have constructed a vector that contains a (highly conserv
Performance of a new highly sensitive fluorescent-ELISA for HIV-1 p24 antigen; comparison with commercial assays.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A27 (abstract no. PoA 2147). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400440; Chargelegue D; O'Toole C; Dept of Medical Microbiology, London Hospital Medical College.; OBJECTIVES: A highly sensitive two-site ELISA for HIV-1 p24 was developed using pure recombinant p24 (rp24) as standard antigen and a combination of streptavidin-beta-galactosidase and a fluorogenic substrate 4MU-GAL (4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-galactoside) for the detection step (D. Chargelegue et al, J. Virol. Meth.,
Cytopathic infection of natural killer cells by human herpesvirus 6: induction of CD4 expression.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A28 (abstract no. PoA 2155). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400441; Lusso P; Malnati M; Garzino-Demo A; Crowley RW; Long E; Gallo RC; LTCB, NCI, LIG, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; MD.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate the susceptibility of CD3 natural killer (NK) cells to infection by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), a virus proposed as a potential cofactor in AIDS. METHODS: NK cell populations and clones were obtained by negative immunomagnetic separation from normal adult human peripheral blood and expanded
Distribution of HHV-6 in tissues from patients with AIDS and in HIV-1 seronegative individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A28 (abstract no. PoA 2153). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400442; Corbellino M; Galli M; Parravicini C; Balotta C; Moroni M; Gallo RC; Lusso P; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVES. To assess the role of Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in the natural history of HIV-1 infection, we investigated the tissue distribution of this virus in AIDS patients and in HIV-1 seronegative controls. METHODS. Necropsy tissues from 3 patients decreased of AIDS and 2 HIV-1 seronegative controls were collecte
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is more common among younger women with cervical ectopy or coital bleeding: a report from the Heterosexual HIV Transmission Study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A28 (abstract no. PoA 2152). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400443; Kelly P; Vermund SH; DeHovitz J; Bromberg J; Bastien A; Handte J; Landesman S; Burk RD; SUNY-HSC, Brooklyn.; OBJECTIVE: To study biological, demographic, and behavioral factors associated with HPV among non-IDU inner city US women at high risk of HIV acquisition. METHODS: From April 1990 to October 1991, 400 HIV uninfected women who reported high risk sexual behavior (e.g., multiple partners, STDs) were enrolled in a prospec
Human to mouse graft-vs.-host disease is suppressed by human immune-deficiency virus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A28 (abstract no. PoA 2151). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400444; Huppes W; Schutten M; Dijk J; Osterhaus AD; van Bekkum DW; ITRI-TNO, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.; We have shown that acute and fetal graft-vs.-host disease (GvHD) can be induced not only in SCID and Bg/Nu/XID mice, but also in lethally irradiated T-Cell competent mice, by grafting large numbers of human T-lymphocytes (Eur. J. Imm. 1992, 22: 197-206). Concentrations of proliferating human lymphocytes were demonstra
Mycobacterium tuberculosis activates HIV expression.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A28 (abstract no. PoA 2154). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400445; Lederman M; Georges D; Zeichner S; Alwine J; Toossi Z; Case Western Reserve, University School of Medicine, Cleveland,; OH.; OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) on HIV expression. METHODS: U1 cells (a U937 monocytic cell line containing integrated HIV provirus) were coinfected with Mtb and HIV p24 was assayed in culture supernatant by ELISA. Viral promoter activity was assessed using transient transfection
A chimeric human antibody/T cell receptor directed against HIV envelope gp41.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A29 (abstract no. PoA 2159). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400446; Cohen DI; Tani Y; Boone E; Leiden J; Miller AD; Hedrick SM; Zolla-Pazner S; LIR, NIAID, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVES: As a first step toward adoptive anti-HIV immunotherapy in humans utilizing genetically modified T lymphocytes, we sought to clone, characterize, and reconstitute for expression in T cells the anti HIV-gp41 combining specificity of a human monoclonal antibody. METHODS: The variable and constant heavy and li
C3 and C4 fixation is associated with a decrease in antibody binding ability of complement-pretreated HIV p41.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A29 (abstract no. PoA 2160). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400447; el Jarrah F; Prohaszka Z; Midvegi T; Ujhelyi E; Fust G; Natl. Inst. Haematol. Blood Transf., Budapest, Hungary.; OBJECTIVES: Previously (El Jarrah et al., VII. Int. AIDS Conference, W.A. 1225) we have reported on the decrease of antibody binding capacity of complement-pretreated HIV transmembrane protein (gp41). This effect was found to be mediated by the classical pathway. Objective of the present work was to study the relation
Diversity of antibody response to the HIV-1 neutralization epitope in British haemophiliacs: type-specific, broad reactivity and relationship to neutralization.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A29 (abstract no. PoA 2158). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400448; Callow D; Cheingsong-Popov R; Beddows S; Kaleebu P; Aronstam A; Weber J; St Mary's Hosp Med Sch, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate the variability of humoral immune response to the HIV-1 neutralization epitope (V3 loop) in British haemophiliacs over a period of 7 years after infection. METHODS: Sequential sera from 31 British haemophiliacs collected prior and 7 years after HIV-1 seroconversion were assayed for the prese
Effect of human cytomegalovirus on HIV-1 replication in human brain-derived cell lines.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A29 (abstract no. PoA 2156). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400449; Spector DH; Koval V; Jault F; Spector SA; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.; OBJECTIVE: To examine the molecular interaction of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and HIV-1 in human brain-derived cell lines which differ in their ability to support full infection by these viruses. METHODS: Six cell lines of neuroblastoma (SKNMC and SY5Y), astrocytoma/glioblastoma
Protection of macaques against HIV-2 with a HIV-2 vaccine in iscoms.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A29 (abstract no. PoA 2157). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400450; Putkonen P; Bjorling E; Akerblom L; Biberfeld G; Morein B; Norrby E; Wigzell H; Dept. of Immunology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate the capacity of an inactivated whole virus vaccine in Iscoms followed by boosting with HIV-2 V3 synthetic peptides in Iscoms to induce protective immunity against HIV-2 in macaques. METHODS: Four cynomolgus monkeys were first immunized with five intramuscular injections of inactivated HIV-2
Serotyping by diverse HIV-1 V3 loop peptides in Uganda and Zaire and relationship with virus neutralization.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A29 (abstract no. PoA 2161). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400451; Kaleebu P; Cheingsong-Popov R; Beddows S; Callow D; Katabira E; Mubiru F; Lyagoba F; Gurtler L; Weber J; St Mary's Hosp Med School, London.; OBJECTIVE: To determine serum reactivity to diverse V3 loop peptides in relationship to phylogenetic groups of viruses and neutralization. METHODS: 170 sera from Ugandan and 149 sera from Zairian HIV-1 positive subjects at different stages of disease were screened by EIA on diverse V3 loop peptides. Group matched HIV-
Altered expression of neutrophil (PMNL) surface markers in AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A3 (abstract no. PoA 2004). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400452; DeMarais PL; Pitrak DL; Bak PM; Novak RM; Heynen CA; Maney PJ; Holzer TJ; University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago.; The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of PMNL surface markers associated with PMNL function, activation, and/or differentiation in patients with AIDS. PMNLs were isolated from 14 AIDS patients without evidence of active secondary infections and 10 normal controls. PMNLs were stained with conjugated m
CD4-derived peptides in studies of HIV-cell interactions.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A3 (abstract no. PoA 2000). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400453; Andreev S; Meshcheryakova D; Azmuko A; Petrukhina A; Karamov E; Kornilaeva G; Pichugin A; Ataullakhanov R; Khaitov R; Institute of Immunology, Moscow, Russia.; OBJECTIVE: To define fragments within the CD4 molecule that may be involved in the binding to HIV envelope gp120 and evaluate their ability to inhibit HIV infection of CD4+ cells we synthesized set of peptides from two important regions of CD4 V1 domain and obtained corresponding anti-peptide Abs. The first region (38
C8166 and CEM cells recovered from HIV infection acquire a stable CD4-phenotype.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A3 (abstract no. PoA 2002). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400454; Benedetto A; Di Caro A; Garbuglia A; Elia G; Alfani E; Delfini C; Centre of Virology, S. Camillo Hospital, Rome, Italy.; The mechanisms by which HIV influences CD4 expression either in vivo or in vitro are yet not fully understood. A low CD4/CD8 ratio of peripheral T lymphocytes is an early and stable feature of HIV seropositive subjects, and it is apparently independent of the active replication of the virus. Moreover, in cell systems
HIV-1 infection of an Epstein-Barr virus transformed B-cell is enhanced by antibodies in a CD4 dependent manner.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A3 (abstract no. PoA 2001). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400455; Bakker LJ; Nottet HS; Janse I; de Vos NM; Van Strijp JA; Visser MR; Verhoef J; University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of anti-HIV antibodies on HIV-1 replication in an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed B-cell line. METHODS: An EBV+ transformed B-cell line was infected with HIV-1 strain IIIb at a low multiplicity of infection (MOI) in the presence of tenfold dilutions of heated AIDS serum or heated
Persistent infection by HIV-1 of CD4-positive lung diploid fibroblasts.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A3 (abstract no. PoA 2005). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400456; Dolei A; Serra C; Arca MV; Tilocca F; Riva E; Toniolo A; Inst. of Microbiology & Virology, Univ. of Sassari, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To study sensitivity to HIV infection and persistence in cells from tissues different from classical reservoirs (i.e. lymphocytes and monocytes). METHODS: Normal lung diploid fibroblasts (MRC-5, PEU) were infected with the laboratory strain of HIV-1, HTLV-IIIB, as well as with HIV-1 isolates. HIV infection
Studies of variability of HIV replication in monocytes using twins.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A3 (abstract no. PoA 2003). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400457; Chang J; Kazazi F; Mathys JM; Randle C; Kesson A; Newell D; Cunningham AL; Virology Department, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.; OBJECTIVES: Biological and genetic variability is a prominent feature of HIV strains especially in tropism, syncytial formation and replicative capacity. Preliminary studies also suggested host cell effects on HIV replication in monocytes. Therefore we used monocytes from identical/non-identical (IT/NIT) twins and age
Anti-V3 loop reactivity in HIV-1 infected patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A30 (abstract no. PoA 2164). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400458; Vanderborght B; Deleys RJ; Morals-de-Sa CA; Santos EA; Cassalta RM; Alcantara VG; Sion FS; Bonecini MG; Van Heuverswyn H; Innogenetics, Gent, Belgium.; OBJECTIVE: V3 loop peptides are considered candidate antigens for HIV vaccine development. Reactivity patterns against the different V3 epitopes can give important information for the choice of the right V3 loops which should be used to compose an effective vaccine for a given population. We tested the reactivity of B
Avidity of HIV-specific IgG-class antibodies.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A30 (abstract no. PoA 2167). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400459; Suni J; Huhtala ML; Korkolainen M; Narvanen A; Hedman K; Vaheri A; Dept. Virology, Aurora Hospital, Finland.; Antibody avidity assays have been developed to confirm acute primary viral infections. The avidity of IgG-class antibodies is low for 2-6 months after infection and high both in old immunity and following reinfection. OBJECTIVES: An assay method was developed to measure the avidity of IgG-class antibodies to HIV-1 in
Generation of site-specific antibodies for analysis of HIV-1 biological variants using synthetic peptides.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A30 (abstract no. PoA 2162). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400460; Laman J; Schellekens M; Koot M; Huisman H; Claassen E; Boersma W; Dept. Viral Immunology, CLB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: The generation of polyclonal (PAb) and monoclonal (MAb) antibodies specific for mutation-sites in gp160 of HIV-1 variants with distinct biological phenotype. Such antibodies are useful tools for probing structure-function relationships of HIV-1 variants, for vaccine development and for serotyping of infect
HIV V3 loop epitope immunodominance in mice of the autoimmune strain MRL/lpr.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A30 (abstract no. PoA 2163). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400461; Lombardi Valter RM; Rossi P; Mattei M; Romiti L; Mariani F; Poccia F; Colizzi V; Department of Pediatrics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: The presence of antibodies to HIV1 using a series of short synthetic peptides mapping to the gp120 in the V3 loop region was investigated in mice if the autoimmune strain MRL/lpr. METHODS: peptide-ELISA was performed using as solid phase antigen synthetic peptides representing the IIIB and MN gp120 V3 loop
In vitro culture of human B lymphocytes as a tool to characterize anti-HIV-1 diversity in seropositive individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A30 (abstract no. PoA 2166). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400462; Poulin L; Delage R; Darveau A; Centre Hospitalier Universite Laval, Que., Canada.; OBJECTIVES: To elaborate a long term B lymphocytes in vitro culture system suitable for the analysis of humoral immunity in HIV-1 seropositive individuals. METHODS: B lymphocytes from HIV-1 infected individuals and HIV-1 seronegative subjects immunized with tetanus toxoid were purified from peripheral blood by centrif
Nature and binding of neutralizing anti-gp120 V3 non-cyclised synthetic peptides antibodies are not influenced by the loop conformation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A30 (abstract no. PoA 2165). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400463; Nato F; Traincard F; Dartevelle S; du Merle L; Demeret C; Mazie JC; Hybridolab, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: Analysing the influence of the immunogen used to raise antibodies, on their epitope definition, on their dissociation constant, and on the antigen conformation influence on antigen-antibody binding. METHODS: Mouse anti-gp120 V3 loop monoclonal antibodies were obtained following immunization either with rec
CD8+ lymphocytes inhibit HIV-1 replication in acutely and chronically infected-lymphoblastoid cell line.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A31 (abstract no. PoA 2170). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400464; Amicucci P; Antonelli G; Riva E; Di Marco P; Dianzani F; Institute of Virology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: To further characterize the antiviral activity of CD8+ lymphocytes against HIV-1. METHODS: Positive selection of CD8+ cells was obtained by using immunomagnetic beads coated with mAb specific for CD8. The inhibition of HIV replication was measured by back-titrating viral antigens and infectious virus yield.
Determination and analyse of the V3 region variability of 6 Central African HIV-1 variants.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A31 (abstract no. PoA 2169). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400465; You B; Barre-Sinoussi F; Georges AJ; Mathiot C; Sonigo P; Pasteur Inst. Bangui, Central African Republic.; OBJECTIVES: In a vaccine design, based on the envelope glycoprotein, including V3 region, epitopic variability must be investigated. We present here V3 sequences from HIV-1 Central African strains. METHODS: Six HIV-1 variants were isolated from patients at different stages of the disease. Propagation on MT4 cells was
HIV-1 envelope and gag specific cellular immunity in primary HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A31 (abstract no. PoA 2172). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400466; Connick E; Clark S; Saag MS; Schooley RT; Curiel T; University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Infectious Disease; Division, Denver.; OBJECTIVES: Primary HIV infection is characterized by an acute phase of high titer plasma viremia. This is followed by a prolonged period of clinical latency during which low levels of virus are detectable, and then an increase in viral replication in the later stages of disease. A number of virus specific cellular an
Phenotypic evidence for a selective expansion of cytotoxic T cells in HIV-positive patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A31 (abstract no. PoA 2171). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400467; Beaudre V; Lamour A; Jezequel N; Guillet G; Garre M; Mottier D; Youinou P; Medical School Hospital, Brest, France.; T lymphocyte subpopulations were further enumerated, using 6 monoclonal antibodies and various triple-staining combinations on a flow cytometer in 103 HIV-positive patients. Taking the patient group as a whole, CD8-T cells were expanded above 1500/ml in 23 patients, of whom 3 had CD4-T cells below 200/ml. The patients
Relations between serum neutralization activity, and biological properties of V3 sequenced central African strains.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A31 (abstract no. PoA 2168). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400468; You B; Barre-Sinoussi F; Mathiot C; Durand JP; Pasteur Institute Bangui, Central African Republic.; OBJECTIVES: In a vaccine design, variability of antibodies neutralizing activities must be defined. We present HIV-1 Central African strains characterized by different biological properties and an especially high V3 peptide variability. Implications of these variabilities are investigated in terms of sera neutralizing
T cell function and lymphocyte subsets in HIV2 infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A31 (abstract no. PoA 2173). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400469; Pinto LA; Covas MJ; Caldeira L; Antunes F; Victorino RM; Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon, University Hospital of Santa; Maria, Portugal.; OBJECTIVES: HIV2 can produce a spectrum of disease similar to HIV1 infection but some evidence suggests that the progression of disease may be slower in HIV2 and this could be explained by different T cell abnormalities produced by the two viruses. However, detailed immunological studies in HIV2 infection are limited
Analysis of HIV-1 gag-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response in long-term asymptomatic HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A32 (abstract no. PoA 2179). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400470; Klein MR; Kuijpers KC; van Baalen CA; Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK; Miedema F; Department of Clinical (Viro) Immunology, The Netherlands Red; Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.; OBJECTIVE. To investigate the cellular immune response to HIV-1 we analyzed the HIV gag-specific CTL activity in long-term asymptomatic HIV infection METHODS. A long-term (greater than 7 years) asymptomatic individual with a normal polyclonal T-cell response to anti-CD3 MAb and with CD4 lymphocyte numbers greater than
Cytotoxic T cells from HIV-infected persons specifically lyse activated uninfected CD4+ T lymphocytes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A32 (abstract no. PoA 2178). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400471; Grant MD; Smaill FM; Rosenthal KL; Department of Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,; Canada.; OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to characterize autoimmune cytotoxic T cell activity against uninfected CD4+ lymphocytes and to evaluate the relationship between this activity and CD4+ lymphocyte loss. METHODS: Peripheral blood lymphocytes were separated using antibody coated magnetic beads into CD4+ and
CD8+ T cell-mediated inhibition of HIV replication in vitro correlates with clinical stage of the disease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A32 (abstract no. PoA 2177). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400472; Gomez AM; Smaill FM; Rosenthal KL; Molecular Virology and Immunology Program, McMaster University,; Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical relevance of CD8+ T cell-mediated inhibition of HIV replication in vitro. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained from HIV-infected individuals and separated into CD4+ and CD4-depleted (CD8+) cell populations. T cells were stimulated with PHA (CD4) or Con A
Induction of virus-specific helper T-cells in rhesus macaques with an SIV-TE vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A32 (abstract no. PoA 2176). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400473; Dittmer U; Voss G; Stahl-Hennig C; Coulibaly C; Luke W; Petry H; Hunsmann G; German Primate Centre, Gottingen, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: Helper T-cells have important functions in the regulation of the immune response against viral infections. Therefore, potential vaccines should induce a helper-T-cell immunity. We wanted to investigate whether a Tween-ether(TE)-treated SIV vaccine generates specific helper T-cells in immunized rhesus macaqu
NK activity in HIV infected Brazilian patients with different degrees of immune disfunction.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A32 (abstract no. PoA 2175). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400474; Dines I; Schechter M; Leite DM; Pinto ME; Persechini PM; AIDS Program, UFRJ, Brasil.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate NK cell function and number in HIV-1 positive Brazilian patients at different stages of infection. METHODS: Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were isolated by Ficoll density gradients and used in standard 51Cr-release assays utilizing K562 cells as targets. Lymphocyte subpopulations were quant
RNA-mediated transfer of cellular immunity to a conserved epitope of glycoprotein 41 of HIV-1 to human lymphocytes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A32 (abstract no. PoA 2174). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400475; De Lucca FL; Sawan FM; Watanabe MA; Foss NT; Dept. of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Univ. of Sao Paulo,; Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.; The cellular immunity plays an important role against viral infections. A failure of cellular immune response to HIV antigens is detected in HIV-infected individuals before other immune defects. There is a search for immunomodulators that are able to restore specifically the reactivity of T lymphocytes to HIV antigens
An assay for HIV-1 disease progression measures the balance between viral burden and cell mediated immunity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A33 (abstract no. PoA 2183). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400476; Lieberman J; Fabry JA; Skolnik PR; Beckett L; Dept. of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVES: There are few clinical markers that help predict the clinical course of disease in patients infected with the HIV-1 virus. To test the hypothesis that progression of infection to symptomatic disease occurs when the balance between HIV-1 and host cellular immune defense tips in favor of the virus and to dev
Anti-cellular immunity and protection of SIV vaccinated macaques.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A33 (abstract no. PoA 2182). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400477; Le Grand R; Vogt G; Vaslin B; Roques P; Aubertin AM; Dormont D; CRSSA/CEA, Fontenay aux Roses, France.; OBJECTIVES: In assessing a vaccine strategy for preventing AIDS using the SIV-macaque model and taking in account the related protection to anti-cellular immunity recently described, we challenged SIV vaccinated macaques with viruses grown on either human or simian cells. METHODS: Two groups of four rhesus macaques we
Enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) specific cytotoxic and helper T cell activities in asymptomatic HIV infected patients given recombinant gp160 vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A33 (abstract no. PoA 2180). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400478; Kundu SK; Katzenstein D; Moses L; Merigan TC; Center for AIDS Research, Stanford University, CA 94305.; OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of recombinant gp160 vaccines on cytotoxic and helper T cell activities of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected asymptomatic patients. METHODS: Twenty-six HIV infected asymptomatic patients with CD4 greater than 400 per cu.mm, were randomly allocated to a range of doses of recom
Exposure to HIV can be detected prior to seroconversion by CD8+ cell anti-HIV responsiveness.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A33 (abstract no. PoA 2184). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400479; Mackewicz CE; Wu J; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.; OBJECTIVE: A rise in HIV viremia occurs shortly after infection but subsequently diminishes to low levels. To determine if the non-lytic anti-HIV activity of CD8+ cells could contribute to the early control of acute HIV infection and lead to reduced viremia, we followed the development of CD8+ cell anti-HIV responses
In vitro lymphocyte reactivity to recombinant HIV2 proteins in HIV2 infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A33 (abstract no. PoA 2185). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400480; Pinto L; Covas MJ; Jaleco A; Victorino RM; Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon, Medicine 2/Clinical Immunology,; Portugal.; OBJECTIVES: T cell reactivity to HIV1 antigens has been reported to be low or absent in most HIV1 infected individuals. No studies on virus specific cell mediated immunity have been performed in HIV2 infection. In this study we investigated T lymphocyte reactivity to recombinant HIV2 gag and env proteins in HIV2 infec
Involvement of CD4 and CD8 cells in generation of human anti-HIV-1 cytotoxic T lymphocytes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A33 (abstract no. PoA 2181). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400481; Lamhamedi-Cherradi S; Culmann-Penciolelli B; Levy JP; Gomard E; INSERM U152, ICGM, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: Many reports have been done concerning cytotoxic cells generated from human, primates and mice infected or immunized with HIV. We would like to precisely determine the respective role of CD4 and CD8 T cells in the induction of killer cells from seropositive subjects. METHODS: Cytotoxic cells were generated
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes from SIV-infected macaques recognize three epitopic peptides of the NEF protein.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A34 (abstract no. PoA 2189). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400482; Bourgault I; Venet A; Culmann-Penciolelli B; Gomard E; Levy JP; ICGM, U 152, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the immunogenicity of the SIV-NEF protein and to map cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes with the aim of peptide vaccination. METHODS: Twelve rhesus macaques were infected with SIVmac 251. Cytotoxic activity was tested against NEF protein and a panel of twenty five overlapping peptides span
CD8 T cell populations in anti-HIV gag cytotoxic T cell activity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A34 (abstract no. PoA 2188). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400483; Watret KC; Froebel KS; Bird AG; Dept. Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, Scotland.; OBJECTIVE: To characterise, phenotypically, the CD8+ cell population involved in anti-HIV class-I MHC-restricted cytotoxic T cell (CTL) activity in HIV +ve individuals. METHODS: CTL activity was studied in 15 HIV +ve patients; 12/15 patients in CDC stage III and 3/15 patients in CDC stage IV. A 4 hour 51Chromium relea
Defect of anti-CD3 stimulated T-cell proliferative response in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A34 (abstract no. PoA 2186). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400484; Kappus RP; Berger S; Thomas CA; Ottmann OG; Ganser A; Stille W; Shah PM; Department of Internal Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe; University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.; OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: In order to perform further characterization of the impaired T-cell function in the course of HIV-infection, we examined the capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells enriched for CD4-(+)-T-lymphocytes (greater than 95%) from HIV-infected patients to interact with monocytes from infected a
Evolution of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against multiple SIV proteins in 12 SIV-infected macaques: relation to clinical outcome.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A34 (abstract no. PoA 2187). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400485; Venet A; Bourgault I; Levy JP; ICGM, U 152, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To study the evolution of SIV specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in SIV-infected macaques against SIV proteins and to correlate its relationship to the clinical outcome. METHODS: Twelve rhesus macaques were inoculated with SIVmac 251. CTL response was tested against autologous B cell lines infe
HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) release inflammatory cytokines when they encounter their target antigens.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A34 (abstract no. PoA 2191). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400486; Jassoy C; Rosenthal TW; Navia BA; Worth J; Johnson RP; Walker BD; Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston.; OBJECTIVE: We have observed a vigorous HIV-1-specific, HLA class I restricted CTL response in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of HIV-1-infected individuals with AIDS dementia . To assess further the potential role of virus-specific CTL in HIV-related neurologic disorders, we evaluatedm
Significant involvement of the central region of NEF protein in HIV-1 specific human cytotoxic T cell response.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A34 (abstract no. PoA 2190). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400487; Culmann-Penciolelli B; Lamhamedi-Cherradi S; Levy JP; Gomard E; INSERM U152, ICGM, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France.; INTRODUCTION: The cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against the regulatory proteins of HIV-1 should be interesting, in vivo, by eliminating infected cells before new viral particles would even be released. So, we would like to determine the antigenicity of these proteins from a great number of seropositive patientm
Characteristics of ex vivo propagated autologous CD8+ T-cells used in the treatment of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A35 (abstract no. PoA 2195). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400488; Whiteside T; Elder E; Armstrong J; Moody DJ; Okarma TB; Herberman RB; Ho M; Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, PA.; OBJECTIVES: Peripheral blood CD8 cells in patients infected with HIV have been demonstrated to possess antiviral activity. We hypothesized that highly purified autologous CD8+ T-cells could be isolated and expanded ex vivo for the purpose of therapeutic reinfusion. METHODS: Five patients (4 ARC/1AIDS) were leukopheresm
CD8 lymphocyte activation antigen expression in HIV infection: comparative two- and three-color flow cytometric studies.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A35 (abstract no. PoA 2197). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400489; Bach BA; Popov J; Fahey JL; Young GJ; Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems, San Jose, CA.; The advent of simplified methods for three-color flow cytometric analysis and availability of new antibodies conjugated to new fluorochromes has lead to increasing use of this technique in studies of cellular subset changes that correlate to HIV disease progression. This study was designed to evaluate the correlation m
Delayed-type-hypersensitivity reactions to intradermal gp160 in HIV infected individuals immunized with gp160.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A35 (abstract no. PoA 2192). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400490; Katzenstein D; Valentine F; Kundu S; Haslett P; Smith G; Merigan T; Centers for AIDS Research, Stanford, California.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety, immunogenicity and skin test reactivity to intradermal (ID) gp160 in HIV asymptomatic seropositive (HIV+) subjects with greater than 400 CD4 cells/cu mm. METHODS: A phase 1 study in 7 HIV+ subjects was performed with escalating doses of 1,3,10, and 32 mcg every 8 weeks. CD4 cell coum
Demonstration of HIV specific cellular immune responses in health care workers after infectious body fluid exposure.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A35 (abstract no. PoA 2193). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400491; Levin J; Kessler H; Harris A; Shearer G; Clerici M; Berzofsky J; Landay A; Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cellular immune response in health care workers (HCW) without an HIV specific antibody response after exposure to HIV infected body fluids. METHOD: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained at variable times (range: 0 to 52 weeks) following HIV occupational exposures. PBMC fromm
Recombinant HIV-1 gag p24-Ty virus-like particles (VLP's) induce HIV-1 p24-specific T helper cells in seronegative volunteers vaccinated with these particles.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A35 (abstract no. PoA 2194). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400492; Martin SJ; Weber J; Roitt I; Matear P; Jones K; Vyakarnam A; UCMSM, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: We have examined the ability of recombinant p24-Ty virus-like particles to induce T helper cell activity specific for the HIV-1 p24 core protein in healthy HIV-seronegative human volunteers immunized with these particles. METHODS: Sixteen HIV-seronegative low risk male volunteers were subcutaneously immunim
T-cell reactivity to anti-CD3 and -CD2 monoclonal antibody: a marker for the progression of HIV disease?: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A35 (abstract no. PoA 2196). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400493; Quaranta JF; Durant J; Rochet N; Regnier D; Dellamonica P; Ligue Regionale Francaise de Lutte contre le SIDA, Nice,; France.; OBJECTIVES: Risk factors and markers for progression of HIV disease towards AIDS still remains a problem. The aim of this study was to determine the T-cell reactivity to anti-CD3 and -CD2 monoclonal antibody (MAb). The rationale for the use of MAb directed against the CD3 and CD2 molecules was that they are both potenm
Induction and analysis of HIV-TAT specific cytotoxic T cells in H-2d mice.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A36 (abstract no. PoA 2198). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400494; Baenziger JW; Selby M; Chiron Corp. Emeryville, CA.; OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a predicted MHC class I restricted epitope in the HIV-1 TAT gene product serves as a target for cytotoxic T cell (CTL) recognition in the mouse. METHODS: Using the recently published algorithm for predicting CTL epitopes restricted by the murine H-2 Kd MHC class I antigen (Falk et al. Nm
Interleukin 7 (IL7) enhances virus specific envelope cytotoxic T cell activity in HIV-1 infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A36 (abstract no. PoA 2201). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400495; Carini C; Essex M; Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Cancer Biology,; Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of IL7 on human cytotoxic T cell (CTL) activity of HIV-1 infected individuals and to assess whether exogenous IL7 can augment the generation of polyclonally activated CTL in a mitogen-stimulated system. MATERIALS & METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were derived from
Monoclonal anti p24 HIV antibodies identify B and T cell epitopes expressed on the surface of HIV 1 infected cells and mediate antiviral activity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A36 (abstract no. PoA 2203). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400496; Grunow R; Franke L; Hinkula J; Wahren B; Jondal M; von Baehr R; Pichler WJ; Institute of Medical Immunology, Medical School (Charite),; Humboldt-University Berlin, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: To generate murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to p24-core protein of HIV-1 and to characterize the binding regions. Evaluation of the biological activity of mAb to p24. METHODS: A panel of murine mAbs was developed from hyperimmune mice by somatic hybridization of B lymphocytes and cloning by limiting dil
Selective loss of cell surface markers on alveolar macrophages in HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A36 (abstract no. PoA 2200). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400497; Bray DH; Squire BS; Kawana A; Johnson MA; Poulter LW; Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London, U.K.; OBJECTIVE: We previously reported a reduction in the expression of HLA-class II molecules on alveolar macrophages (AM) in HIV-infected patients which was reversed by antiretroviral therapy. Our aim was to further assess the expression of functional markers on AM in these patients. METHODS: Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs
T-helper and B-cell epitopes of HIV-1 TAT.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A36 (abstract no. PoA 2199). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400498; Blazevic V; Tahtinen M; Ranki A; Jung G; Krohn K; Tampere University, Finland.; OBJECTIVES: To define the Th- and B-cell epitopes of HIV-1 TAT (isolate HXB2) METHODS: For T-cell epitope mapping, the cells of HIV-positive patients were tested against 12 overlapping peptides (15-16 mer) in a T-cell proliferation assay. Some of the patients were typed for HLA-DR. For B-cell epitope mapping, the sera
Two novel NK cell surface antigens in HIV patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A36 (abstract no. PoA 2202). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400499; Cauda R; Goletti D; Lucia B; Tumbarello M; Rumi C; Orengo AM; Moretta A; Clinica Malattie Infettive, Univ. Cattolica Roma, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To analyze the expression of EB6 and GL183, two novel specific NK cell surface markers, in HIV infected patients and correlate it with CD4+, CD56+ cells and NK cell activity, in order to determine a possible relation with disease progression. METHODS: We studied with immunofluorescence assays and cytometri
Decline in CTL and antibody responses to HIV-1 p17 and p24 antigens in HIV-1 infected haemophiliacs. A 5 year follow-up study.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A37 (abstract no. PoA 2207). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400500; O'Toole CM; Graham S; Lowdell MW; Chargelegue D; Marsden H; Colvin BT; London Hospital Medical College, England.; OBJECTIVES. To epitope map antibody and CTL responses to p17 and p24 antigens in HIV-1 infected haemophiliacs, in a longitudinal study from 1986-1991 to determine if such responses correlated with maintenance of the asymptomatic phase. METHODS. CTL responses were measured after in vitro boosting of effector cells with
Detection of HIV-2-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in seropositive individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A37 (abstract no. PoA 2204). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400501; Koziel M; Kanki PJ; MBoup S; Siby T; Dudley D; Mulligan M; Wong J; Panicali D; Walker B; Mass. Gen. Hosp., Boston.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to HIV-2 in seropositive subjects. METHODS: PBMCs were obtained from six HIV-2 seropositive subjects who are part of an ongoing seroepidemiologic study of HIV-2 infection in Dakar, Senegal , and tested for CTL activit
Enhanced presentation of HIV gp120 to specific human T helper cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A37 (abstract no. PoA 2206). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400502; Manca F; Valle MT; Fenoglio D; Kunkl A; Li Pira G; Zolla-Pazner S; Celada F; Dept. Immunol., Univ. Genoa, Italy.; Human CD4 T cells are the target for HIV and play a crucial role in viral specific immune response. HIV specific CD4 T cells, in fact, provide help for specific antibody production and for specific CTL expansion. Therefore optimal modes of antigen presentation to activate specific T helper cells should be designed in
Molecular defined SIVmac32H vaccine challenge virus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A37 (abstract no. PoA 2209). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400503; Rud EW; Yon JR; Quirk J; Clarke BE; Mackett M; Cook N; Stott EJ; Cranage MP; Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent.; OBJECTIVES: We molecularly cloned, sequenced and titrated genomic clones of the SIVmac32H vaccine challenge virus used by the British MRC AIDS Directed Programme. METHODS: The integrated form of the SIVmac32H genome was cloned out of a lambda library made from SIVmac32H(11/88) infected cells. The resulting full length
Persistent infection of normal mice with human immunodeficiency virus.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A37 (abstract no. PoA 2205). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400504; Locardi C; Puddu P; Ferrantini M; Parlanti E; Sestili P; Rizza P; Logozzi M; Butto S; Varano F; Belardelli F; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superfore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.; OBJECTIVES: We have recently reported that a single intraperitoneal injection of normal Swiss mice with highly producer HIV-infected U937 cells resulted in the establishment of persistent HIV-1 infection (Locardi et al., J. Virol. 66, 1649, 1992). In this study, we have further investigated the characteristics of the
Strain specificity of HIV env-specific cell mediated cytotoxicity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A37 (abstract no. PoA 2208). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400505; Robertson M; Buseyne F; Kieny MP; Pialoux G; Lopez O; Riviere Y; Institut and Hospital Pasteur, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE: To determine if envelope-specific cytotoxic effector cells (CMC) from people infected with HIV-1 preferentially lyse target cells expressing the envelope of HIV-1MN rather than HIV-1Lai. METHODS: 30 HIV infected patients in various clinical stages were studied. Autologous EBV transformed lymphoblastoid cell
Cell mediated immune responses to SIV gag synthetic peptides in HIV2 infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A38 (abstract no. PoA 2214). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400506; Pinto LA; Covas MJ; Victorino RM; Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon, Portugal.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate specific cell mediated immune responses to SIV gag synthetic peptides in HIV2 infected individuals in view of the high degree of homology between amino acid sequences from SIV and HIV2 gag region. METHODS: Lymphocyte reactivity to 17 SIV and HIV2 gag synthetic peptides (0.1; 1.0; 10 ug/ml) were
HIV protein specific cytotoxic effector cells are expanded in vitro by gag, env or nef specific stimulation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A38 (abstract no. PoA 2212). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400507; van Baalen CA; van Els CA; Keet IP; Klein MR; Osterhaus AD; RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: In this study we investigated a novel approach to specifically expand HIV directed CTL. METHODS: PBMC from a series of healthy seropositive individuals were stimulated using autologous B lymphoblastoid cell lines (BLCL) as antigen presenting cells which were infected with recombinant vaccinia virus (rVV) e
Immunogenicity of an HIV-1 isolate from Zaire in healthy HIV seropositive individuals from across the US.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A38 (abstract no. PoA 2211). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400508; Trauger RJ; Giermakowska WK; Savary JR; Jensen FC; Carlo DJ; Immune Response Corporation, San Diego, CA.; OBJECTIVES: 1) To determine the ability of a gp120 depleted inactivated Zairian isolate of HIV-1 (HZ321) to induce a cell mediated response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from untreated healthy HIV-1 seropositive individuals from various sites in the US. METHODS: HZ321 HIV-1 was prepared from chronicall
Persistence of in-vivo differentiated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in lymphoid organs at late stages of HIV disease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A38 (abstract no. PoA 2210). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400509; Autran B; Hadida F; Sadat-Sowti B; Dudoit Y; Raphael M; Debre P; Lab. Immunol. Cell., Hop. Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the in-vivo cytotoxic differentiation and activation of CD8 T cells present in lymphoid organs along with HIV disease progression. METHODS: Lymphocytes were tested in 2-color IF with intra-cytoplasmic staining. We used anti-TiA1 moAb (P.A.Anderson) reacting with a granule component of cytotox
Protein expression in HIV-infected WE17/10 cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A38 (abstract no. PoA 2213). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400510; Van de Keere F; Segura-Zapata I; Delmelle-Wibaut C; Willard-Gallo K; International Institute of Cellular and Molecular Pathology; (ICP), Brussels, Belgium.; OBJECTIVE: To identify alterations in cellular and viral protein expression that are involved in regulating the T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex in HIV-infected T cells. METHODS: We have used the human CD4+ CD29+ T cell line, WE17/10, as a model for in vitro HIV-infection. We have shown that two to three months after
Variable cytotoxic T cell recognition in HIV-2-infected cynomolgus macaques.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A38 (abstract no. PoA 2215). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400511; Voss G; Nick S; Otteken A; Stahl-Hennig C; Hunsmann G; Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Virologie und Immunologie, Gottingen,; Germany.; OBJECTIVES: HIV-2 is infectious for macaques and serves as an animal model for human HIV infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether HIV-2, like HIV-1 in humans, induces a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response in infected cynomolgus macaques. METHODS: Fifteen cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) were infect
Antibody response to peptides of gp120 exposed at the surface of recombinant bacteria.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A39 (abstract no. PoA 2216). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400512; Aiuti A; Forte P; Nisini R; Fattorossi A; Fantoni A; Dip. di Biopatologia Umana, Universita di Roma La Sapienza,; Italy.; OBJECTIVES. The aim of this project is to study the immune response to selected epitopes of HIV-1 gp120. In order to generate specific antibodies to these regions, we immunized animals with recombinant bacteria expressing at their surfaces viral sequences inserted by genetic engineering into the carrier protein LamB.
Design of four-helix-bundle protein as a candidate in anti HIV vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A39 (abstract no. PoA 2221). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400513; Eroshkin A; Karginova EA; Kravchenko VV; Mizenko GA; Yastrebova ON; Zhilkin PA; Shaunin VV; NPO Vector, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, USSR.; OBJECTIVE: Effective synthetic vaccine must contain different T- and B-cell epitopes of HIV antigens and conformations of B-epitope regions in vaccine and in HIV must be similar. The fusion of many epitopes in one polypeptide chain produces not a peptide, but a protein. If conformation of a B-epitope region within thi
Protection in vivo with defective retroviruses.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A39 (abstract no. PoA 2220). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400514; Boyer J; Merva M; Wang B; Levy DN; Kieber-Emmons T; Williams W; Weiner DB; Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA.; Protective immunity, including that against retroviruses such as HIV, is the desired outcome of any immunization strategy. To date there has been limited success in determining what if any immune response could protect against retroviral infection and/or clear specifically human retrovirally infected cells. Limitation
Specificity of anti-p25 antibodies produced against either whole HIV-1 particle or soluble forms of the protein.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A39 (abstract no. PoA 2219). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400515; Mabrouk K; Benjouad A; Gluckman JC; Van Rietschoten J; Rochat H; Bahraoui EM; CNRS URA 1455, Marseille, France.; OBJECTIVE: To study the specificity of anti-p25 antibodies produced against either whole human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles in humans and chimpanzees or soluble forms of the protein in chimpanzees and rabbits. METHODS: Anti-p25 antibodies were detected by RIA and ELISA. Antibodies were also analyzed
The primary neutralizing determinant (PND) of HIV-1 is efficiently boostered by peptides carried by iscoms.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A39 (abstract no. PoA 2217). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400516; Akerblom L; Hansen JE; Lovgren K; Morein B; National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.; OBJECTIVES: To formulate an HIV-1 subunit vaccine based on the iscom technology using recombinant envelope products and synthetic peptides. METHODS: Gp160 HIV-1/IIIB cloned in vaccinia and produced in Vero cells were incorporated into iscoms by the dialysis method. Synthetic V3-loop peptides were coupled to the iscom
CD4-independent infection of normal B cells by HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A4 (abstract no. PoA 2008). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400517; Gras G; Richard Y; Olivier R; Roques P; Dormont D; CEA and CRSSA, Fontenay aux Roses, France.; RATIONALE: B cell activation and phenotypic changes are major consequences of HIV infection in-vivo. EBV-carrying B lymphocytes are susceptible to HIV in-vitro. Complement receptors (CRs) mediate in-vitro enhancement of HIV infection in T cells, promonocytic and B cell lines. We investigated the ability of HIV to infe
Functional properties of HIV envelope- and CD4-derived synthetic peptides from putative HIV-cell interaction fragments (review).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A4 (abstract no. PoA 2011). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400518; Khaitov RM; Andreev SM; Meshcheryakova DV; Institute of Immunology, Moscow, Russia.; One of the most important trends in AIDS problems is the study of mechanisms of virus-cell interactions. The localization of HIV-CD4 binding sites is of great importance, especially for the development of immunomodulators, high specific antiviral agents, and vaccines. During the past few years the epitope mapping by m
Human Kupffer cells are target cells of HIV-1 in vivo.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A4 (abstract no. PoA 2010). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400519; Hufert FT; von Laer D; Schreiber M; Schmitz J; Schmitz H; Racz P; Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Dep. Virology,; Hamburg, Germany.; OBJECTIVE: In different tissues, the cells of the macrophage-phagocytic system are target cells of HIV-1. However, HIV-1 infection of liver macrophages/Kupffer cells (KC), which are the main pool of fixed tissue macrophages, has been demonstrated only inconsistently so far. We therefore have done a study to assess HIV
HIV-1 infection in mice.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A4 (abstract no. PoA 2007). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400520; Filice G; Cereda PM; Pagani L; Bruno R; Orsolini P; Romero E; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Animal model for AIDS is critical to fully understand the pathogenesis of retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency and encephalopathy, and to develop and test candidate vaccines and new therapies with antiviral drugs. METHODS: Recently several new mouse models have been described for HIV-1 infection base on: 1)
Isolation and characterization of HIV-1 variants adapted to growth in brain-derived CD4-positive cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A4 (abstract no. PoA 2009). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400521; Hoshino H; Takeuchi Y; Shimizu N; Shimizu N; Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.; OBJECTIVES: Standard HIV-1 strains infectious to T cells can not grow well brain-derived CD4-positive cells. We have already isolated an HIV-1 variant HIV-1[GUN-1v] which grows well in CD4-positive brain cells, showing the presence of a point mutation in V3 loop of gp120. Our objectives are to further isolate new brai
Permissivity of primary cultures of human myoid cell to HIV-1 infection, in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A4 (abstract no. PoA 2006). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400522; Ercoli L; Sarmati L; Andreoni M; Parisi GS; Bonanno E; Spagnoli LG; Rocchi G; University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential of HIV-1 to infect human myoid cells a component of hematopoietic microenvironment, in vitro. METHOD: The primary cultures of myoid cells, isolated from normal adult bone marrow, Mab identification (alpha -SMA), virtually devoid of contaminating cells, were infected by HIV-1 (H
B-cell epitopes of p24, the major core protein of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A40 (abstract no. PoA 2224). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400523; Janvier B; Archinard P; Lasarte JJ; Sarobe P; Mandrand B; Borras F; Barin F; Unite de Virologie, URA CNRS 1334, Tours, France.; OBJECTIVE: Identify p24 antigenic domains recognized during natural HIV-1 infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Reactivity of 10 murine monoclonal antibodies (MMAbs) directed to p24 and of 28 human sera collected from 20 HIV-1 infected patients and 8 HIV-1 negative patients were analyzed using an immunoenzymatic assay deve
Expression of recombinant HIV-1 gp120/p55 particles in Drosophila-Schneider-2 cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A40 (abstract no. PoA 2222). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400524; Fliessbach H; Wagner R; Wanner G; Wolf H; Institut fur Med. Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universitat; Regensburg.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: To generate an efficient expression of HIV-1 gp120/p55 particles in eucaryotic cells, for using the purified particles in immunisation experiments. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: We recently demonstrated by electron microscopy and sedimentation analysis the possibility to use HIV-1 p55 core antigen as an autologo
Immune responses to HIV-1 epitopes presented as hybrid Ty-VLPs.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A40 (abstract no. PoA 2223). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400525; Hill-Perkins MS; Layton GT; Cole JS; Senior JM; Harris SJ; Kingsman AJ; Adams SE; British Bio-technology Limited, Oxford, U.K.; OBJECTIVES: Our aim is to produce an HIV vaccine in a form suitable for human immunisation and which protects against a broad range of virus isolates. METHODS: The self assembling properties of yeast p1 protein encoded by the yeast retrotransposon Ty have been exploited to present HIV-1 gp120 and gp41 epitopes. These
Immunogenic nature of peptides corresponding to various sequences of HIV1 PND.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A40 (abstract no. PoA 2225). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400526; Baillou A; Barin F; Denis F; Goudeau A; Unite de Virologie, URA CNRS 1334, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours,; France.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the reactivity of human sera positive for HIV1 antibodies towards peptides corresponding to the principal neutralizing determinant (PND) of HIV1. METHODS: Five peptides of 30 residues were synthetized. They corresponded to the HIV1 PND consensus sequence described by La Rosa et al. (Science, 19
Induction of HIV-specific immune responses in mice following epidermal delivery of an HIV expression vector via accell gene delivery technology.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A40 (abstract no. PoA 2227). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400527; Haynes JR; Fuller D; Eisenbraun M; Agracetus, Inc., Middleton, Wisconsin.; OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to determine if the physical delivery of viral antigen-encoding genes to the epidermis of laboratory animals would serve as an alternative to live recombinant vaccines and result in viral antigen expression and the induction of antigen specific humoral and cellular immune response
Safety and immunogenicity of an HIV vaccine candidate, env 2-3, in combination with MTP-PE/MF59. AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A40 (abstract no. PoA 2226). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400528; Dolin R; Corey L; Graham B; Wright P; McElrath J; Keefer M; Matthews T; Stablein D; Dekker C; NIAID, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and immunogenicity of ENV 2-3 (Chiron Corp., a yeast derived gp 120 envelope protein of HIV-1, combined with an adjuvant emulsion, MTP-PE/MF59, in healthy, HIV-1 seronegative volunteers. METHODS: Thirty-six subjects received a fixed dose of 30 micrograms of ENV 2-3 combined with one of
Active and passive immunization induced by envelope peptides protects rhesus macaques from SIV AIDS.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A41 (abstract no. PoA 2229). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400529; Shafferman A; Lewis MG; McCutchan EF; Benveniste RE; Jahrling PB; Lai CY; Burke DS; Eddy GE; Israel Inst. Biol. Res., Ness-Ziona.; OBJECTIVE: Evaluate efficacy of a vaccine based on HIV/SIV conserved envelope peptides. METHOD: Over 40 rhesus macaques were used in four separate studies. Naive monkeys were immunized with four conserved peptides (two from gp120 and two from gp41) fused to beta-galactosidase (beta gal) formulated in complete Freund s
High-titer neutralization for multiple HIV-1 isolates elicited by branched immunogens.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A41 (abstract no. PoA 2233). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400530; Walfield A; Li M; Hosein B; Ye J; Looney D; Wong-Staal F; Morton W; Schmidt A; Wang CY; United Biomedical, Inc., Hauppauge, NY.; ISSUE/PROBLEM: The neutralizing antibody (N.A.) response of HIV-infected patients, largely directed to the V3 domain of gp120, lags behind the exceptionally high rate of variation for this type-restricted determinant, enabling HIV-1 to escape antibody surveillance. The type-specific nature of V3 also renders single-st
Induction of mucosal immunity through HIV-1-specific secretory IgA in mice and rabbits by HIV-immunosomes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A41 (abstract no. PoA 2230). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400531; Thibodeau L; Tremblay C; Lachapelle L; Yelle J; AIDS Laboratory, Institut Armand-Frappier, University of Quebec,; Laval, Canada.; OBJECTIVES: Given that HIV is principally transmitted by sexual contacts, the establishment of a genital mucosal immunity through HIV-specific secretory IgA may prove to be necessary to achieve protection. The objective of this research was to determine if HIV-Immunosome (gp160-coated liposome) is a form of antigen pr
Recombinant HIV-gp120/core particles: a HIV-candidate vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A41 (abstract no. PoA 2232). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400532; Wagner R; Fliessbach H; Wanner G; Modrow S; Niedrig M; Wolf H; Institut fur Mikrbiologie und Hygiene, Universitat Regensburg,; FRG.; PROBLEM: Considerable efforts have been directed towards developing a safe and effective vaccine against HIV-infection. Until now, many attempts to induce a protective immune response against HIV-infection in a relevant animal model were not successful and group specific protection was barely studied at all. The main
Safety and immunogenicity of a baculovirus-derived HIV-1 IIIB recombinant gp160 vaccine (Vaxsyn). The NIAID AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A41 (abstract no. PoA 2228). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400533; Keefer M; Belshe R; Clements M; Graham B; Corey L; Bolognesi D; Stablein D; Koff W; Montefiori D; Smith G; et al; MicroGeneSys, Inc., Meriden, CT.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and immunogenicity of 160 micrograms and 640 micrograms doses of Vaxsyn (MicroGeneSys) in healthy low risk seronegative volunteers. METHODS: Fifty-five volunteers were randomized to receive one of two doses of Vaxsyn or placebo intramuscularly on days 0, 30, 180 and 365. Serologic respo
The principal neutralizing determinant (V3) of HIV-1 elicits a high HIV-1-specific antibody response upon expression on HBcAg particles.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A41 (abstract no. PoA 2231). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400534; von Brunn A; Eberle J; Reichhuber C; Brand M; Gurtler L; Deinhardt F; Schodel F; Max-von-Pettenkofer-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat,; Munchen, FRG.; OBJECTIVES: Development of a subunit vaccine against HIV-1 based on the expression of the principle neutralizing determinant (PND) of HIV-1 on the surface of highly immunogenic hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) particles. METHODS: A 25 amino acid long peptide sequence of the PND (BH10 isolate, TRKSIRIQRGPGRAFVTIGKIGNMR
A highly sensitive p24 antigen assay using a new amplification system.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A42 (abstract no. PoA 2238). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400535; Tardy JC; Livrozet JM; Mekki Y; Durdilly R; Touraine JL; Aymard M; Laboratoire de Virologie, Lyon.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitivity and the specificity of a new Enzyme Linked Amplification System (ELAST) for detecting HIV-1 p24 antigen. METHODS: 68 samples were included in this study. They were collected (i) before the discovery of HIV seropositivity (3 cases, N91-56; 91-72; 91-84 from SNTS HIV panel); (ii) a
Adjuvant activity of an algal glucan.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A42 (abstract no. PoA 2236). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400536; Mohagheghpour N; Prohaska S; Dousman L; Tefft J; Hokama L; Tuse D; SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025.; OBJECTIVE: To develop effective adjuvants for AIDS vaccines that are safe and readily available. METHODS: We developed a method to produce a beta-1,3-glucan of high quality and uniformity from the green microalga Euglena gracilis (SRI strain D86-G). The native material produced in membrane-bound intracytoplasmic granu
Construction of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) env-gene.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A42 (abstract no. PoA 2237). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400537; Rimmelzwaan GF; Siebelink KH; Bosch ML; Moss B; Osterhaus AD; Laboratory of Immunobiology, RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.; The FIV-env gene encoding the precursor membrane glycoprotein was amplified by PCR using bone marrow derived DNA obtained from a FIV infected cat as source of DNA and subsequently cloned into the E.Coli cloning vector Bluescript. For cloning into vaccinia virus a plasmid (pSC65) was used that contains vaccinia TK sequ
Design and synthesis of conformationally constrained peptide tertiary structural templates (PTST) for AIDS vaccine development: II.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A42 (abstract no. PoA 2235). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400538; Komoriya A; Shinagawa S; CBER, FDA, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to prepare effective vaccines against the AIDS virus using small peptide antigenic determinants. In order to achieve this goal the two problems of cross-reactivity with native proteins and desired antigenic determinants must be overcome. METHOD: We have synthesized conformation
Influence of prior exposure to HIV-1 on the immunogenicity of epitopes expressed on gp120.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A42 (abstract no. PoA 2234). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400539; Klinman D; Conover J; Division of Virology, FDA, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the relative immunogenicity of epitopes expressed on the envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 and how immunogenicity is influenced by prior immunization with gp120 derived proteins from diverse HIV-1 isolates. METHODS: ELISA spot and sandwich ELISA assays were used to detect and quantitate B cells r
Purified inactivated SIV vaccine: comparison of adjuvants.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A42 (abstract no. PoA 2239). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400540; Vaslin B; Le Grand R; Vogt G; Roques P; Stoeckel P; Salk J; Dormont D; CRSSA/CEA, Fontenay aux Roses, France.; OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of two adjuvant formulations of purified and inactivated SIV delta, in the Rhesus Macaque, in terms of specific humoral and cellular immune responses, and protection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The immunogen, delta strain of SIV, was produced on Hut 78 cells, banded onto consecutive sucros
A phase 1 study of the safety & immunogenicity of Ty.p24.VLP in healthy volunteers.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A43 (abstract no. PoA 2240). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400541; Weber J; Kennedy A; Callow D; Zigmond A; Cheingsong-Popov R; Martin S; Vyakarnam A; Gotch F; McMichael A; Adams S; et al; St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London.; OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and immunogenicity of a novel immunogen Ty.p24.VLP, the yeast retrotransposon Ty, engineered to express HIV p24 in the form of a virus-like particle (VLP), in healthy volunteers. METHODS: 16 HIV-negative low risk male volunteers were immunised with 100ug (9 subjects) or 500ug (7 subject
Elevated IgA levels as an early indicator of HIV-1 infection among Colombians.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A43 (abstract no. PoA 2242). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400542; Albarracin C; Patarca R; Martinez G; Palacio J; Barbosa E; Fletcher MA; University of Miami.; OBJECTIVES: To define the epidemiology and immunological profile of HIV-1 infection in Colombia , we determined the distribution of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets, and immunoglobulin levels (G, A, M, E) in 100 HIV-1 infected individual
Infants under 3 months of age produce detectable IgA specific antibody to HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A43 (abstract no. PoA 2244). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400543; Kabagabo U; White C; Petru A; Williams-Herman D; Martin N; Wara DW; Dept. of Pediatrics, University of CA, San Francisco.; OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the presence of anti-HIV IgA in the serum of infants 12 weeks old or younger, who are born to HIV-1 infected mothers. METHOD: We used a previously reported recombinant dot blot assay specific for anti HIV-1 IgA to test serum or plasma samples from 48 infants less than or equal to 12 weeks of
Mucosal IgA and IgA subclass responses in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A43 (abstract no. PoA 2243). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400544; Challacombe S; Sweet S; Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, UMDS Guy's Hospital,; London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: Infection with HIV ultimately leads to a selective depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes which play a pivotal role in regulating both humoral and cell mediated immunity. Although alterations in IgA secretion might therefore be predicted, little is known about mucosal immune responses in immune deficiency states. S
Prevention of AIDS and STDs: vaccine challenges for the 1990's and beyond.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A43 (abstract no. PoA 2245). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400545; Koff WC; Fast PE; Schultz AM; Bradac JA; Glass MJ; Mathieson BJ; Lawrence DN; Miller HG; Hitchcock PJ; Wasserheit JN; Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.; Prevention of sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS will likely depend in part on development of safe and effective vaccines. After several years of research it is apparent that new approaches to immunization may be required for successful development and delivery of HIV and other STD vaccines. This conclus
Structural and functional studies on V3-consensus sequence of gp120/HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A43 (abstract no. PoA 2241). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400546; Modrow S; Borbe H; Wagner R; Stuber G; Habazettl J; Holak T; Wolf H; Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universitat; Regensburg, FRG.; OBJECTIVES: Goal of this study is the elucidation of the structure of the V3-consensus sequence and the characterisation of structural and/or sequential parameters of the V3-loop involved in binding to antibodies and in association to the proteins of MHC class I. METHODS: The structure of the V3-loop in form of a cycl
Anti-HIV-1 IgA in culture supernates detected by recombinant dot blot assay.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A44 (abstract no. PoA 2246). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400547; Martin N; White C; Williams-Herman D; Wara DW; Univ. of California, San Francisco.; OBJECTIVE: To detect anti-HIV-1 IgA antibodies produced in vitro by isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in infants and children by isotype specific anti-HIV-1 recombinant dot blot analysis. METHOD: PBMCs were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient and cultured for four to seven days with and witho
HIV envelope--gag peptide constructs and formulations to induce mucosal immunity as prototype for an AIDS vaccine.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A44 (abstract no. PoA 2247). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400548; Naylor PH; Kirkley JE; Sarin PS; Wang SS; Goldstein AL; George Washington Univ. Med. Ctr, Washington, D.C.; OBJECTIVE: To examine the usefulness of envelope-gag (env-gag) synthetic peptides as candidates for AIDS vaccines and induction of mucosal immunity to synthetic peptides using cholera toxin B. METHODS: The env-gag constructs used in this study were based on an envelope peptide sequence containing the principal neutral
Processing of HIV unintegrated DNA in infected cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A44 (abstract no. PoA 2249). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400549; Barbosa P; Clavel F; Departement SIDA et retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris.; OBJECTIVES: The mechanism of formation and the relationship that exists between the different unintegrated viral DNA intermediates observed during the early steps of HIV replication are not fully understood. These forms include linear, full length HIV DNA molecules, which are the precursors of the integrated provirus,
Salivary IgA responses to Candida surface antigens.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A44 (abstract no. PoA 2248). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400550; Sweet S; Naglik J; Challacombe S; Dept. of Oral Medicine and Pathology, UMDS Guy's Hospital,; London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: It is widely assumed that mucosal responses are reduced in HIV infection which can lead to an increased susceptibility to infection at mucosal surfaces. However, little evidence of mucosal immune dysfunction is available. Since saliva is part of the common mucosal immune system and can act as a marker of m
Studies on mechanism of inhibition of viral and cellular DNA polymerases by (-)-2'-deoxy-3'-thiocytidine (3TC) 5'-triphosphate.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A44 (abstract no. PoA 2251). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400551; Orr DC; Hart GJ; Figueiredo HT; Bethell RC; Boehme RE; Penn CR; Cameron JM; Department of Virology, Glaxo Group Research Limited, Greenford,; Middlesex, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To characterise the inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and human DNA polymerases by (-)-2 -deoxy-3 -thiocytidine ( 3TC ) 5 -triphosphate. METHODS: Steady-state assays of DNA polymerase activities were used to determine the mechan
Tat protein from HIV forms a dimer in vivo.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A44 (abstract no. PoA 2250). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400552; Battaglia PA; Ciotta C; Longo F; Gigliani F; Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: This work provides the first evidence that Tat protein can form dimers in vivo. Frankel et al. (1988) showed that Tat can form a metal-linked dimer in vitro. No confirmatory evidence for this claim has been reported ever since. METHODS: We used a genetic approach which enables one to test formation of homo-
Components of HIV-1 preintegration complex: nuclear import is associated with complex maturation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A45 (abstract no. PoA 2252). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400553; Bukrinsky M; Sharova N; Pushkarskaya T; Shapiro I; Stevenson M; Dept. of Pathology/Microbiology, Univ. of Nebraska Med. Ctr.,; Omaha.; OBJECTIVES: To characterize the components of HIV-1 preintegration complex and the mode of its maturation in an infected cell. METHODS: HIV-1 nucleoprotein complexes were purified from the nuclei and cytoplasm of infected MT-4 cells by non-detergent lysis, high salt extraction of nuclei and subsequent density equilibr
Identification of residues on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase interacting with its cognate primer tRNA(Lys3).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A45 (abstract no. PoA 2257). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400554; Restle T; Weiss S; Muller B; Goody RS; Max Planck Institut fur med. Forschung, Abteilung Biophysik,; Heidelberg, F.R.G.; OBJECTIVE: The replication of retroviral genomes is initiated by reverse transcriptase (RT) catalyzed elongation of a tRNA molecule bound at the primer binding site (PBS) adjacent to the U5 region of the viral RNA. In the case of HIV-1, human-tRNA(Lys3) has been proposed to function as the primer for reverse transcrip
Interaction of HIV1-RT with azidothymidine triphosphate and the nonnucleoside inhibitor L-697,661.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A45 (abstract no. PoA 2255). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400555; Olsen DB; Carroll SS; Bennett CD; Stern AM; Shafer JA; Kuo LC; Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486.; The inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) by combinations of azidothymidine triphosphate (AZTTP) and the Merck compound L-697,661 has been examined. Cell-based assays showed synergistic inhibition of viral p24 production with combinations of AZT and L-697,661 (PNAS 88:6863). To determine if the apparent
Mutant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with altered proteolytic processing and polymerase activity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A45 (abstract no. PoA 2253). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400556; Larsson LG; Dep. of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; The conserved Asp-488 residue at the carboxy-terminal of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase was substituted by alanine and the mutant enzyme was expressed with or without HIV-1 proteinase in E. Coli. Purified mutant reverse transcriptase was characterized with respect to proteolytic processing and polymerase and RNase H acti
New RT assays based on carrier-bound templates and 3H-labeled dNTPs, useful for analyses of the mechanisms of action of inhibitors and for characterization of RT-mutants.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A45 (abstract no. PoA 2254). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400557; Lennerstrand J; Neumuller M; Kaliander CF; Gronowitz JS; Research Unit for Replication Enzymology, Uppsala, Sweden.; OBJECTIVES: We have earlier documented the use of carrier-bound prA/odT in combination with 125IdUTP for sensitive RT measurements (BAB 12:34-56, 1990, BAB 13:127-142, 1991). Following studies have shown the unique capacity of carrier-bound templates for simple evaluation of the mechanism of action of various RT inhib
Spontaneous reversion in a reverse transcriptase-defective integrated HIV genome.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A45 (abstract no. PoA 2256). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400558; Quillent C; Clavel F; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris.; OBJECTIVES: To study the emergence of an infectious virus from a clonal cell line harboring a single, reverse transcriptase (RT)-defective copy of an integrated HIV-1 genome. METHODS: The 8E5 cell line, derived from HIV-1-infected CEM cells, carries a single, RT-defective copy of an integrated HIV genome. The lack of
A role for phosphatidylcholine derived metabolites in induction of HIV genome transcription.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A46 (abstract no. PoA 2260). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400559; Arenzana-Seisdedos F; Dominguez I; Thomas D; Paya C; Jacque JM; Diaz-Meco MT; Moscat J; Virelizier JL; Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: Breakdown of phosphatidylcholine (PC) represents an important source of second messengers involved in signal transduction pathways. Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) or phorbol esters elicit synthesis of PC metabolites in cells where both stimuli strongly induce HIV gene expression and viral replication. We inve
Anti-HIV activity of 2-5A: stable transfection with HIV LTR - 2-5A synthetase hybrid gene and inhibition of reverse transcriptase by 2-5A analogs.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A46 (abstract no. PoA 2258). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400560; Schroder HC; Muller WE; Institut fur Physiologische Chemie, Universitat, Mainz,; Germany.; OBJECTIVES: Previously we observed that after infection of cells with HIV-1 the level of 2-5A is inversely correlated with virus production, suggesting that agents capable of extending the time period during which high levels of 2-5A are present in the cell may prevent release of HIV-1. METHODS: An expression vector o
Pathological changes of the transgenic mice carrying HIV-I genome.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A46 (abstract no. PoA 2263). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400561; Iwakura Y; Masahito H; Tatsuo S; Yoshida E; Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.; OBJECTIVES: The pathogenesis of immune dysfunction, malignant tumors and neurological disorders that are frequently associated with AIDS patients has not been well resolved yet. To elucidate molecular mechanisms that involved in the development of the diseases, we tried to produce disease models by producing transgeni
Several proteins interact with the HIV-1 long terminal repeat in a chronically infected T-cell line as determined by in vivo footprinting.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A46 (abstract no. PoA 2262). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400562; Giacca M; Demarchi F; D'Agaro P; Falaschi A; Intermational Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology,; Trieste, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: A large number of cis-acting viral regulatory elements has been identified in the LTR of HIV-1 by in vitro binding studies. However, the interaction of specific DNA binding proteins with their corresponding sites may not always occur in the living cell, where it is affected by chromatin structure, interact
Stable rev-independent expression of HIV-1 gag/protease genes in human fibroblast cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A46 (abstract no. PoA 2261). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400563; Brack-Werner R; Festl H; Kleinschmidt A; Erfle V; GSF-Institut f. Molekulare Virologie, Neuherberg.; OBJECTIVES: To establish stable expression of HIV-1 gag and protease gene products in the absence of other HIV-genes using a human cell line known to support replication of HIV-1. Such a cell line would be a powerful tool in studying the effects of drugs interfering with processing and assembly of HIV-gag proteins in
Cryptococcus neoformans enhances HIV replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A47 (abstract no. PoA 2268). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400564; Orendi JM; Nottet H; Verheul AF; Snippe H; Visser MR; Verhoef J; University Hospital Utrecht, Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of Cryptococcus neoformans (CN) on HIV replication in PBMC. METHODS: PBMC obtained from healthy volunteers were infected with a lymphocytotropic HIV strain, washed, and cultured with or without whole heat-killed encapsulated CN, at 37 degrees C in 5% CO2 for 10 days. Three different CN
Determination of the myristoylation status of HIV-1 Nef expressed in permanently infected human astrocytes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A47 (abstract no. PoA 2265). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400565; Kohleisen B; Neumann M; Gorblich T; Brack-Werner R; Erfle V; GSF-Inst.f.Molekulare Virologie, Neuherberg, FRG.; OBJECTIVE: In previous studies we could show that Nef is associated with the nuclear membrane of permanently HIV-1 infected human astrocytes (TH4-7-5). Proceeding from these findings we investigated myristoylation of Nef by sequence analysis and immunochemical studies. METHODS: Myristoylation of Nef protein was analyz
NF-kappa B independent activation of HIV expression in a persistently infected T cell line.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A47 (abstract no. PoA 2269). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400566; Rabson AB; Poli G; Kinter AL; Bodkin M; Fauci AS; CABM, Piscataway, NJ.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of virus expression in a T lymphocytic cell line persistently infected with an infectious molecular clone of HIV-1 containing a deletion of the NF-kappa B binding sites in the long terminal repeat (LTR). METHODS: The CD4+ T lymphocytic Jurkat cell line was infected with HI
Reduced splicing of tat transcripts in TNF-alpha stimulated PBMC of ARC/AIDS patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A47 (abstract no. PoA 2264). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400567; Knipper A; Enczmann J; Bruster HT; Wernet P; Institute for Blood Transfusion Medicine, Heinrich-Heine; University Dusseldorf, FRG.; OBJECTIVES: The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression is regulated by a set of viral proteins generated from multiply spliced mRNAs. METHODS: cDNA-PCR has been used in order to investigate the mRNA expression of different viral genes in the HIV-1 infected cell line H9III and in stimulated PBMC of ARC/AIDS pat
Regulation of gene expression from the HIV-1 LTR in macrophages.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A47 (abstract no. PoA 2267). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400568; Murphy KM; Sweet MJ; Ross IL; Hume DA; Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of; Queensland, Australia.; OBJECTIVES: HIV-1 infects CD4+ macrophages as well as T lymphocytes and other cells of the immune system. A mouse cell model was used to investigate the function of the early regulatory proteins Tat and Nef in the control of virus expression in macrophages. The interaction of cellular factors with the HIV-1 long termi
Sequence specific interaction and activation of the HIV-1 LTR by the EBV BZLF1 gene product.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A47 (abstract no. PoA 2266). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400569; Mallon RG; Rather P; Feldberg L; Smith L; Beaudet-Miller M; Schering-Plough Research, Bloomfield, NJ.; OBJECTIVE: To determine sufficient and essential sequences within the HIV-1 LTR that are activated by the EBV BZLF1 transactivator. METHODS: HeLa cells were transfected with a series of HIV-1 LTR (HXB2) fragments linked to the lac Z reporter gene. Site directed mutations in some HIV-1 LTR fragments were generated by t
An RRE binding cellular factor is identical to the tar binding protein, TRBP, and has a broad range of RNA affinities, but has no effect on rev or tat function.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A48 (abstract no. PoA 2273). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400570; Venkatesan S; Park HS; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology NIAID, Bethesda, Md 20892.; OBJECTIVES: Study of HIV-1 gene regulation by host cell factors METHODS: To identify putative cellular factors that may recognize RRE and be involved in the trans-activation process, we screened a commercial (Stratgene Corp.) HeLa cell cDNA ZapII recombinant expression library with radio-labeled RRE RNA and obtained t
HIV and HPV interaction: transactivation of HPV long control region by HIV-tat protein.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A48 (abstract no. PoA 2272). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400571; Tornesello ML; Buonaguro FM; Galloway DA; Beth-Giraldo E; Giraldo G; McDougall JK; Natl. Cancer Inst. Fond. Pascale Naples, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: To investigate a possible role of HIV as a cofactor in HPV oncogenesis using an in vitro assay: direct or indirect transactivation by HIV-tat of regulatory regions (LCR) of human papillomavirus transforming genes. METHODS: HPV16-LCR cloned upstream of the CAT reporter gene was transfected either alone or wi
Mutagenesis of the HIV-1 gag coding sequence results in rev-independent gag production.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A48 (abstract no. PoA 2271). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400572; Schwartz S; Campbel M; Tan W; Felber BK; Fenyo EM; Pavlakis GN; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; We have identified and characterized an inhibitory RNA element in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p17gag coding sequence. Insertion of this sequence in the HIV-1 tat cDNA results in inhibition of tat production. This inhibitory effect could be overcome by the presence of the Rev responsive element in c
Properties and inhibition of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteinases.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A48 (abstract no. PoA 2275). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400573; Broadhurst AV; Ritchie AJ; Krohn A; Roche Products Ltd, Herts, England.; OBJECTIVES: To compare the biochemical properties of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteinases, investigate the effect of inhibitors of different structural types, and relate these to antiviral activity. METHODS: Biochemical characteristics of the two proteinases and the effect of inhibitors were investigated using a colorimetric a
The EBNA2 gene of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) trans-activates the HIV1 long terminal repeat sequences (HIV-LTR).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A48 (abstract no. PoA 2270). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400574; Scala G; Quinto I; Mallardo M; Ruocco MR; Squitieri B; Venuta S; II Medical School, University of Naples, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the relationships between HIV and EBV, two viruses often clinically associated in AIDS patients. METHODS: We have transfected De Few and EW36 cells, two EBV-negative B lymphomas, with the pZip-EBNA2 vector, which carries the EBNA2 gene together with the G418-resistance gene. Stable D
Transcription of HIV-1 genes in transgenic mice is associated with myopathy and myositis.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A48 (abstract no. PoA 2274). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400575; Adler SH; Bruggeman LA; Kopp JB; Dorfman N; Bryant J; Ekhaus M; Notkins AL; Klotman PE; LDB, NIDR/NCRR, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVES: Myositis and myopathy are commonly found at autopsy in patients with AIDS, however, the mechanisms responsible for this disorder are unknown. To explore the role of viral proteins in the pathogenesis of AIDS-associated myopathy, we have generated transgenic mice bearing a non-replicating HIV-1 proviral con
Association of HIV-1 gag proteins with HIV-1 env proteins and cellular membranes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A49 (abstract no. PoA 2279). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400576; Haffar O; Platt E; Hu SL; Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle,; WA 98121.; OBJECTIVES: To study the assembly of the HIV-1 virion in infected cells. This will be accomplished by outlining the association of the gag proteins with the env proteins and with cellular membranes. METHODS: [35S] methionine radiolabeled gag proteins were synthesized in vitro by translation of gag mRNA using the rabbi
Dihydroxypropylamine containing HIV-1 protease inhibitors.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A49 (abstract no. PoA 2281). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400577; Jadhav PK; Erickson-Viitanen S; Otto MJ; Rayner MM; DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Wilmington, DE 19880-0328.; OBJECTIVES: The activity of HIV-1 protease is essential for the proper assembly and maturation of fully infectious virions. Consequently, HIV-1 has become an important target for the design of antiviral agents for AIDS. We set out to synthesize HIV-1 protease inhibitors
HIV-I matrix protein pI7 is associated with RNA genome in cell nuclei.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A49 (abstract no. PoA 2276). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400578; Bukrinskaya AG; Vorkunova GK; Tentsov JJ; Ivanovsky DI; Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia.; HIV-I matrix protein pI7 is a cleavage product of gag precursor p55 from N terminus and thus possesses karyophylic signal. We have shown previously using immunoblot that pI7 of the input virus is transported to the nuclei of Jurkat-tat and H9 cells soon after infection and provides the nuclear transport of preintegrat
Identification and kinetic analysis of a class of C2 symmetric inhibitors of HIV-1 proteinase derived from penicillin.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A49 (abstract no. PoA 2278). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400579; Gray NM; Orr DC; Cameron JM; Penn CR; Department of Virology, Glaxo Group Research Limited, Greenford,; Middlesex, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To develop: (1) a high-throughout assay to screen for inhibitors of HIV-1 proteinase and; (2) a rapid assay for kinetic analysis of any inhibitors identified by the high-throughput screen. METHODS: The high-throughput screen was a solid-phase assay based on a tritiated 13-mer peptide substrate (KQGTVSFNF-[
Immunological investigation of HIV-1 precursor glycoprotein cleavage.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A49 (abstract no. PoA 2277). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400580; Fenouillet E; Gluckman JC; CERVI-Hopital Pitie, Paris.; OBJECTIVES: Two potential cleavage sites have been identified on precursor gp160 of HIV-1. We have examined the respective cleavage that can occur at these 2 sites on natural viral and recombinant gp160. METHODS: The presence on gp41 and gp120 of epitopes recognized by polyclonal antibodies (Ab) D7324 (Aalto, Dublin),
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of penicillin derived C2-symmetric inhibitors of HIV-1 proteinase.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A49 (abstract no. PoA 2280). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400581; Humber DC; Cobley KN; Evans DN; Storer R; Weingarten GG; Hann MM; Mistry A; Wonacott A; Cammack N; Orr DC; Glaxo Group Research Limited, Greenford, Middlesex, United; Kingdom.; OBJECTIVE: To develop novel inhibitors of HIV-proteinase as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of AIDS. METHODS: Following the identification of a lead structure by high-throughout screening, analogues were synthesized and assayed for inhibitory activity against HIV-1 proteinase. Selected compounds were al
Analysis of antigenic sites and linear structural features of HIV principal neutralizing domain (PND) and potential CD4-binding region (CD4-BR).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A5 (abstract no. PoA 2013). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400582; Meshcheryakova D; Andreev S; Sidorova M; Vafina M; Tarasova S; Khaitov R; Institute of Immunology, Moscow, Russia.; OBJECTIVE: Earlier we found that the immune responses to fragments of PND (307-329 gpl20) and CD4-BR (423-450 gpl20) are apparently interrelated. To study in detail this phenomenon we synthesized the set of peptides corresponding to PND and CD4-BR for the analysis of linear B-epitopes and to estimate their structural
Anti-CD7 reagents inhibit HIV-1 induced syncytium formation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A5 (abstract no. PoA 2017). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400583; Sato AI; Ugen KE; Kieber-Emmons T; Weiner DB; Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.; The interaction of HIV-1 gp120 with CD4 during viral attachment to target cells facilitates events necessary for viral fusion with the plasma membrane and subsequent entry into the cell. The high affinity interaction of gp120 with CD4 is also required for giant cell (or syncytium) formation. We and others have recentl
Attempted cloning of the second component of the HIV-1 receptor.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A5 (abstract no. PoA 2012). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400584; McClure MO; Bieniasz PD; Allen JM; Shaunak S; Beddows S; Weber JN; St Marys Hospital Medical School, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: To identify the second component of the HIV-1 receptor. METHODS: Dextrin sulphate (DS) inhibits HIV entry into CD4-negative cells. Assuming DS binds preferentially to a second component of the HIV receptor, we tried to clone this molecule from HPBALL or HT29 expression libraries by repeated panning on DS c
DNA alkylating agents induce the expression of HIV-1 LTR through the NF-kappa B binding factor.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A5 (abstract no. PoA 2016). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400585; Quinto I; Ruocco MR; Mallardo M; Scala G; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnologies, School of; Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Chemical stimuli, which promote the cellular proliferation and/or differentiation, also induce the expression of HIV-1. Recently, DNA damaging agents causing exclusively DNA bulky adducts were shown to activate the expression of HIV-1 in the present work, we analysed the effects on HIV-1 expression of DNA
Gp120 and gp41, but not gp160, contain reactive acyl donor sites for the enzyme transglutaminase.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A5 (abstract no. PoA 2015). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400586; Porta R; Mariniello L; Esposito C; Gentile V; Pucci P; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Naples; Federico II, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Our hypothesis points out the possibility that transglutaminase (E.C. 2.3.2.13; TGase) catalyzes the crosslink formation between HIV envelope (env) protein(s) and receptor(s) occurring on the target cells. METHODS: Recombinant gp160 and gp120, gp120 fragments 254-274 (Cambridge Res. Biochem.), 105-117, 201
The CD4-membrane proximal domain plays a role in HIV-mediated cell fusion.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A5 (abstract no. PoA 2014). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400587; Moir S; Poulin L; Centre Hospitalier Universite Laval, Que., Canada.; OBJECTIVES: The molecular events involved in the fusion process which extends HIV tropism by cell to cell contact are poorly understood. To gain further knowledge on the role of the CD4 receptor in this fusion process, the CD4 gene was modified in the membrane proximal domain and examined for its ability to fuse with
Biochemical and biological properties of SIV-chronically infected cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A50 (abstract no. PoA 2283). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400588; Kraiselburd E; Hernandez S; Serrano H; Delgado R; Lavergne J; Beltran M; Rodriguez L; Cadilla C; Figueroa J; Dept. of Microbiology, U.P.R. Medical Sciences Campus.; OBJECTIVES: To characterize antigens produced by SIV-chronically infected cells. METHODS: SIV chronically infected cells were obtained from cultures that survived SIVsmH3 infection in vitro. Cells were cloned by limiting dilution and assayed for 1) CD4 marker expression (by flow cytometry), 2) syncytia formation with
Expression, purification and characterization of HIV-1 matrix protein, p17.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A50 (abstract no. PoA 2286). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400589; Mills HR; Burns NR; Adams SE; British Bio-technology Limited, Oxford, U.K.; OBJECTIVES: To establish a source of purified p17 in order to undertake structural and immunological studies. METHODS: We have expressed p17 as a soluble C-terminal fusion with glutathione S-transferase (GST) in E.coli using the pGEX expression vectors, and as free protein in insect cells using the baculovirus express
Generation of human cell transformants constitutively producing HIV-1 pseudovirions, and their use to study the viriogenesis process.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A50 (abstract no. PoA 2285). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400590; Milanesi G; Gallina A; Sala C; Istituto di Genetica Biochimica ed Evoluzionistica, CNR, Pavia,; Italy.; OBJECTIVES: The creation of human cell lines stably synthesizing HIV-1 gag gene products, with or without coexpressed env gene products, was planned. This cell system was expected to assemble and secrete non-infectious HIV viral particles, allowing for the analysis--in the absence of biohazard--of the mechanisms under
Induction of cell differentiation by HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A50 (abstract no. PoA 2284). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400591; Levy DN; Weiner DB; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.; The HIV virus is known to induce direct cytopathic destruction of cells infected in vitro, T cell disregulation and depletion in vivo, polyclonal B cell activation in vivo, infection of neural cells and neurological disorders in vivo, infection and inhibition of differentiation of cells of the colon in vitro, and infe
Protease active site-targeted anti-HIV agents containing allophenylnorstatine designed from a transition state.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A50 (abstract no. PoA 2282). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400592; Kiso Y; Mimoto T; Imai J; Kisanuki S; Hattori N; Akaji K; Kageyama S; Mitsuya H; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical; University, Japan.; OBJECTIVES: HIV codes for an aspartic protease known to be essential for retroviral maturation and replication. The HIV-1 protease can recognize Phe-Pro and Tyr-Pro sequences as the virus specific cleavage sites. These features provided a basis for the rational design of selective HIV protease-targeted drugs for the t
Attenuation of SIV by mutations within vif, vpx, or nef genes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A51 (abstract no. PoA 2290). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400593; Mehtali M; Beyer C; Benavente A; Tondre L; Huss T; Liska V; Kieny MP; Aubertin AM; Transgene S.A., Strasbourg, France.; OBJECTIVES: To analyse the properties of SIV genomes mutated in genes encoding regulatory and enzymatic proteins. METHODS: The modified genomes were engineered by introducing point mutations or deletions in several regions of an SIV mac molecular clone, pBK28. They were transfected into T cell lines and primary human
Brefeldin A inhibits the assembly and release of HIV in peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A51 (abstract no. PoA 2289). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400594; Maheshwari RK; VedBrat SS; Liu K; Friedman RM; Department of Pathology, Uniformed Svcs. Univ. of the Health; Sci., Bethesda, MD.; Brefeldin A (BFA), a unique fungal metabolite of a 13-membered lactone ring, exhibits various biological actions, including antitumor, antifungal and antiviral activities. Morphological studies have shown that BFA causes reversible disassembly of Golgi-apparatus inducing redistribution of cis/medial-Golgi compartments
Characterization of DNA-synthesis of the reverse transcriptase from SIVagm and SIVmac with natural DNA, including the viral LTR.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A51 (abstract no. PoA 2291). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400595; Hoefer K; Jentsch KD; Stuke A; Luke W; Hunsmann G; German Primate Centre, Gottingen.; OBJECTIVES: The reverse transcriptase (RT) from immunodeficiency viruses is a specific target for antiviral therapy. In order to investigate the DNA-polymerase activity of the RT, we characterized the products of the DNA-synthesis with synthetic polynucleotides, M13-ssDNA, the genomic viral RNA and DNA from SIVagm and
HIV-1 penetration into cells. Do cell membranes contain receptors for gp11 fusion peptide?: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A51 (abstract no. PoA 2288). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400596; Slepushkin VA; Kornilaeva GV; Andreev SM; Sidorova MV; Maschevich GR; Raduk SV; Makarova TV; Lukashov VV; Karamov EV; D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia.; OBJECTIVES: To determine the mechanism of HIV blocking activity and the specificity of interaction with cells of synthetic fusion peptides from gp11 and their conjugates with modified polymers. METHODS: The 22-amino acid peptide corresponding to N-terminal region of gp41 (511-538 a.a. residues, BRU strain) and its con
HIV-1 Nef inhibits the induction of NF-kappa B and AP-1 in human T-cell lines.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A51 (abstract no. PoA 2293). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400597; Niederman TM; Ratner L; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine,; St. Louis, MO.; OBJECTIVE: Previously, we reported that Nef mediated HIV-1 and SIV transcriptional suppression. In this study, we investigated the effects of HIV-1 Nef on the DNA-binding activity of transcription factors implicated in HIV-1 regulation. METHOD: Jurkat human T cell (J25) clones stably transfected with HIV-Nef or non-cl
Intracellular localization of the Vpu protein of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A51 (abstract no. PoA 2292). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400598; Maldarelli F; Willey R; Chen MY; Martin MA; Strebel K; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD; 20892.; OBJECTIVES: Biochemical characterization and intracellular localization of the HIV-1 vpu gene product. METHODS: The expression of Vpu was analyzed in transient studies of HeLa cells transfected with subviral constructs of the infectious molecular clone of HIV-1, pNL-43. RESULTS: The Vpu protein of HIV-1 is an 81-amino
Cellular metabolism of (-)enantiomeric 2'-deoxy-3'-thiacytidine (3TC).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A52 (abstract no. PoA 2299). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400599; Cammack N; Rouse P; Marr CL; Reid PJ; Boehme RE; Coates JA; Penn CR; Cameron JM; Department of Virology, Glaxo Group Research Limited, Greenford,; Middlesex, UK.; OBJECTIVES: 3TC , the (-)enantiomer of 2 -deoxy-3 -thiocytidine is an effective inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 replication in vitro. Moreover, in common with other nucleoside analogues, the 5 -triphosphate derivative of 3TC inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcr
Constitutive transcription from the HIV LTR in a chronically infected thymocyte cell line is dependent on SP1 binding sites.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A52 (abstract no. PoA 2295). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400600; Stanley S; Bodkin M; Rabson A; Facui AS; LIR, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD.; OBJECTIVES: To understand the transcription factors important in constitutive transcription of the HIV LTR in an immature thymocyte cell line. METHODS: A chronically HIV infected early thymocyte cell line (E88) derived from an acute HIV infection of human fetal thymocytes constitutively expresses HIV at high levels. T
Determination of dose schedule for multiple classes of anti-retroviral agents by in vitro pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic modeling.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A52 (abstract no. PoA 2298). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400601; Bilello J; Bauer G; Kort JJ; Karabulut N; Dudley MN; Cole GA; Drusano GL; Univ. of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.; To evaluate ability of a hollow fiber (HF) based cell culture system to simulate human pharmacokinetics and dynamics in vitro we exposed acutely and chronically infected cells as well as uninfected (control) cells to several classes of antiviral agents each having a different molecular target. Low molecular weight inh
Peripheral blood and bone marrow abnormalities in transgenic mice with Nef gene of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A52 (abstract no. PoA 2296). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400602; Mudrik NN; Andreeva LE; Tarantul VZ; Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the; Russia, Moscow.; OBJECTIVES: Abnormalities in hematopoiesis with resultant peripheral blood and bone marrow cytopenias occur in the majority of patients with the AIDS. In order to study the effect of Nef protein on the hematopoiesis two transgenic mice were obtained which contain the nef gene of HIV-1. The proportion of lymphocytes in
Quinobene, a new synthetic sulfonated dye with potent anti-HIV activity.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A52 (abstract no. PoA 2297). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400603; Bader JP; McMahon JB; Zalkow LH; Haugwitz R; Clanton DJ; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.; OBJECTIVE: Synthesis of sulfonated compounds active against HIV with favorable clinical potential. METHODS: Sixty sulfonated dyes and related compounds with anti-HIV activity were compared for potency and toxicity in the cell based assay of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) AIDS antiviral screen. The location of sul
The HIV-1-encoded Vpu--a membrane-channel forming protein?: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A52 (abstract no. PoA 2294). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400604; Schubert U; Wray V; Klabunde S; Henklein P; Berthold E; Gelderblom HR; Pauli G; Hauser H; Porstmann T; Humboldt Universitat, Charite, Berlin, FRG.; OBJECTIVES: The HIV-1 specific Vpu is a small amphipathic phosphorylated membrane protein that is only detected in infected cells. The precise mechanism(s) by which Vpu facilitates release of virus proteins and particles from such cells has not been clearly defined. Our data from biochemical and structural studies pro
A new, rapid colorimetric assay for evaluation of anti-HIV compounds in monocyte/macrophages (M/M).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A53 (abstract no. PoA 2301). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400605; Capozzi M; Bergamini A; Perno CF; Mannella E; Calio R; Rocchi G; University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To develop a rapid, sensitive assay for in vitro evaluation of anti-HIV agents in monocyte-macrophages (M/M). MATERIALS AND METHODS: M/M obtained from HIV-negative donors were cultured at different concentrations in 96-wells microtiter trays in the presence (M-CSF-M/M) or absence (normal-M/M) of 1000 U/ml
Effects of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA of human bone marrow cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A53 (abstract no. PoA 2305). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400606; Faraj A; Bridges EG; Sommadossi JP; Department of Pharmacology, Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham.; Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated the capacity of uridine (Urd) to selectively rescue human bone marrow progenitor cells (HBMC) from the cytotoxicity of AZT with no impairment of anti-HIV activity (Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 32
Evaluation by quantitative PCR of the anti-HIV activity in vitro of AZT or ddC combined with recombinant interferon alpha (rIFNa).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A53 (abstract no. PoA 2303). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400607; Epstein JS; Joshi B; Lee SF; Mayner RE; Hewlett I; Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate at the nucleic acid level the in vitro anti-HIV activity of the antiviral agents AZT , ddC and rIFNa both singly and in combination. METHODS: H9 and U937 cells w
In vitro comparison between AZT and 3TC, a new anti-HIV nucleoside.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A53 (abstract no. PoA 2304). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400608; Facchini A; Degrassi A; Monaco MC; Lalli E; Lisignoll G; Lab. Immunologia e Genetica, Istituto di Ricerca Codlvilla Putti; I.O.R., Bologna, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: 2 -3 -dideoxy-3 -thiocytidine ( 3TC , IAF BioChem, Montreal, Canada ) is a novel synthetic dideoxynucleoside analogue where the ribose is replaced by a 1,3-oxathiolane ring. This molecule is a very active
Inhibition of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from African green monkeys by TIBO and HEPT derivatives.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A53 (abstract no. PoA 2302). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400609; Debyser Z; De Vreese K; Yamamoto N; Pauwels R; Anne J; De Clercq E; Desmyter J; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.; OBJECTIVES: The HIV-1-specific reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (TIBO, HEPT, ...) are potent inhibitors of HIV-1 replication in cell culture. The hallmark of these antivirals, their specificity for HIV-1, may prove to be their Achilles heel as well. Several authors have reported on the rapid emergence of drug-re
Synergistic effect of U-87201E in combination with zidovudine against ZDV-resistant HIV-1 isolates.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A53 (abstract no. PoA 2300). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400610; Campbell TB; Young RK; Tarpley WG; Kuritzkes DR; U. Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antiretroviral effect of U-87201E, a bisheteroaryl-piperizine reverse transcriptase inhibitor, against zidovudine (ZDV)-resistant clinical isolates of HIV-1 alone or in combination with ZDV. METHODS: Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells acutely infected with ZDV-s
Effect of AZT on lipid monolayers with reduced dipole potential.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A54 (abstract no. PoA 2307). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400611; Gabev EE; Gabev EB; Institute of Parasitology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia.; OBJECTIVES: The high positive dipole potential which characterizes phospholipids is now recognized to be responsible for the very low permeability and transport to non electrolytes and ions across various biological membranes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of reduced dipole potential in the perme
In vitro evaluation of combination therapies against HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A54 (abstract no. PoA 2309). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400612; Holland LE; Buthod J; Lyons N; Papasideris A; Rom A; Shipman C; Prichard M; IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL.; OBJECTIVES: Because of the complexity of the clinical presentation of AIDS and the rapid emergence of drug-resistant variants of HIV, the use of combination therapies for the management of HIV infections will be of increasing importance. In order to obtain information of predictive value to the clinical application of
Inter-laboratory variability of anti-HIV-1 susceptibility testing. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Virology Committee Virus Resistance Working Group.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A54 (abstract no. PoA 2310). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400613; Johnson V; Balfour H; Beckett L; Chesebro B; Crumpacker C; Haberzettl C; Japour A; Katzenstein D; Kuritzkes D; Mayers D; et al; OBJECTIVES: To determine, and reduce, the inter-laboratory variability in determination of a 50%-inhibitory drug concentration (IC50) of clinical isolates of HIV-1. METHODS: We compared the results of AZT susceptibility testing of the same well-charac
Mode of action of BRL 47923, a potent and selective inhibitor of HIV replication.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A54 (abstract no. PoA 2311). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400614; Kenig MD; Darlison SJ; Perkins RM; Poulton ME; Serafinowska HT; Vere Hodge RA; Brown AG; SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Great Burgh, Epsom, Surrey,; U.K.; OBJECTIVES: BRL 47923, 9-[2-(Phosphonomethoxy)ethoxy]adenine, is a member of a novel series of acyclic nucleoside analogues in which a phosphonic acid bearing moiety is attached to the N-9 of a purine via an N-O bond. It has selective antiviral activity against HIV-1 in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (J. Cellular
Targeting of daunorubicin to cells of the monocyte lineage.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A54 (abstract no. PoA 2306). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400615; Filion LG; Izaguirre C; Gaudreault R; University of Ottawa, Quebec, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To determine if the maleylated human serum albumin receptor (mHSA) of cells of the monocyte lineage could be employed to target mHSA-daunorubicin (DNR) and to inhibit HIV-1 replication in U937 cells. METHODS: U937 cells were infected for 24 hours with HIV-1 followed by exposure for 24 hours to increasing co
Treatment of naturally retrovirus infected cats: a model for antiviral chemotherapy.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A54 (abstract no. PoA 2308). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400616; Hartmann K; Beer B; Donath A; Egberink HF; Horzinek MC; Lutz H; Hoffmann-Fezer G; Balzanini J; I. Department of Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich.; The necessity of rapid development and evaluation of safe, effective and affordable drugs against AIDS requires the availability of useful model systems. Due to similarities between HIV and feline retroviruses, the etiological agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndromes in humans and cats, the feline system was used
Anti-HIV activity of sulfated derivatives of chitosan.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A55 (abstract no. PoA 2312). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400617; Kornilaveva GV; Makarova TV; Gamza-zade AI; Karamov EV; D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate in vitro anti-HIV-I activity of sulfated derivatives of chitosan. Five groups of compounds different in charge, amount and localization of sulfate groups were tested. METHODS: The inhibitory effect of compounds on HIV-infection (RF strain) was evaluated by HIV-antigen ELISA and syncytium format
Effect of IFN inducers alone and in combination with AZT on HIV infection in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A55 (abstract no. PoA 2317). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400618; Nossik NN; D.I.Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Acad. Med. Sci., Moscow,; Russia.; OBJECTIVES: The search of new antiHIV agents among interferon inducers and to study the effect of their combinations with AZT . The sensitivity of HIV-I isolates to antiHIV agents. METHODS: Antiviral agents:azt and IFN inducers-ridostin (dsRNA S.cerevi
Photoinactivation of cell-associated and free HIV using benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A55 (abstract no. PoA 2316). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400619; North J; Coombs R; Levy J; Quadra Logic Technologies Inc., Vancouver, B.C., Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of a lipophilic photosensitizer, BPD, to inactivate both cell-associated and free HIV in peripheral blood. METHODS: Whole blood drawn from HIV positive individuals (6 total) was incubated with various doses of BPD (range 0-4 micrograms/ml) in the dark for 1 hour. The samples were the
Selective inhibition of HIV-1 replication by a novel series of 2-substituted 6-benzyl-pyrimidines.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A55 (abstract no. PoA 2315). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400620; Marongiu ME; Pani A; Artico M; Massa S; Mai A; La Colla P; Dept. of Biologia Sperimentale, Universita di Cagliari, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: Identification and development of potent and selective anti-HIV agents with novel chemical structure and mode of action. METHODS: We designed and evaluated a series of 2-substituted 6-benzyl-pyrimidine derivatives for their inhibitory effects on the replication of HIV in a variety of T-cell lines, MT4 and p
Thiazolo-iso-indolinones, a new class of non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV-reverse transcriptase.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A55 (abstract no. PoA 2314). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400621; Maass G; Koenig B; Leser U; Department of Microbiology, University of Tuebingen, FRG.; METHODS: Selective inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) were identified in a broad high efficiency system, containing purified HIV-1 RT (expressed in E. coli), an in vitro transcript of HIV-LTR including the primer binding site as template and an 18mer oligonucleotide as primer. Inhibition of RT was determined
Traditional medicine and practices.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A55 (abstract no. PoA 2313). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400622; Li P; Jihua H; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical; College, Nanjing.; OBJECTIVES: Research on the effective therapeutic methods for AIDS with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). METHODS: In 1988-1991, the Chinese doctors together with doctors from US and an African country treated 212 cases of AIDS, ARC and HIV carriers. The therapeutic methods were acupuncture and TCM in determination
An in vitro model for the study of anti-HIV oligonucleotides.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A56 (abstract no. PoA 2319). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400623; Palu G; Biasolo MA; Grigolon M; Maschera B; Capobianco ML; Balboni PG; Institute of Microbiology of Padova, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Activity of antisense oligonucleotides is thought to be limited by nuclease-sensitivity and poor access to the intracellular compartment. We have attempted to circumvent these problems by i) synthesizing modified oligonucleotides and by ii) setting up an easy in vitro system for the screening of anti-HIV c
AZT reduces endogenous alpha interferon levels.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A56 (abstract no. PoA 2322). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400624; Buimovici-Klein E; Sonnabend JA; McKinley GF; Grieco MH; Moham B; Cooper LZ; Lange M; St. Luke's/Roosevelt Medical Center, New York City.; OBJECTIVES: To study the nature of the inducer of circulating endogenous alpha interferon (IFN-a) in patients with AIDS and ARC. METHODS: IFN-a and HIV p24 antigen levels were determined in 6 ARC and AIDS patients before and at weekly intervals after receiving
Effect of pentoxifylline on HIV-1 replication in human lymphocytes and macrophages.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A56 (abstract no. PoA 2323). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400625; Steigbigel RT; Craddock B; Division of Infectious Diseases, SUNY, Stony Brook School of; Medicine 11794.; OBJECTIVES: Pentoxifylline (P) suppresses macrophage (m phi) production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). As TNF may have a role in upregulation of HIV replication (R), we studied the effect of P on HIV R in lymphocytes (L) and m phi. METHODS: Mononuclear cells were isolated from blood of healthy donors. L were incubate
Potent and highly selective HIV-1 specific inhibition by a new series of alpha-anilino-phenylacetamide (alpha-APA) derivatives targeted at HIV-1 RT.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A56 (abstract no. PoA 2320). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400626; Pauwels R; Andries K; Schols D; Van Daele P; Debyser Z; Janssen MA; Vandamme A; De Vreese K; Desmyter J; De Clercq E; et al; Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U. Leuven, Belgium.; OBJECTIVE: Identification and development of a new class of highly potent and selective anti-HIV agents. METHODS: Several thousands of different prototype compounds which were without effect in standard pharmacological and toxicological assays were selected. They were assessed for inhibition of multiple-cycle growth a
Simple and rapid HIV syncytial cell assay method for screening antiretroviral compounds.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A56 (abstract no. PoA 2318). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400627; Novak RM; Keyer KA; University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.; OBJECTIVES: Develop a simple and rapid syncytial cell assay of acutely infected cells for the purpose of screening potential HIV-antiviral compounds, and ultimately for testing antiviral susceptibilities on clinical isolates. METHODS: Several cell lines were evaluated for their ability to form syncytia in the shortest
Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of TSAO derivatives. A novel class of potent and specific inhibitors of HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A56 (abstract no. PoA 2321). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400628; Perez-Perez MJ; San Felix A; Velazquez S; Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Camarasa MJ; Instituto de Quimica Medica (C.S.I.C.), Madrid, Spain.; OBJECTIVE--To investigate the anti-HIV activity of a novel class of highly functionalized 3 -C-branched chain nucleoside analogues [1-[2 ,5 -bis-O-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D-pentofuranosyl]-3 - spiro-5-[4-amino-1,2-oxathiole-2,2-dioxidelpyrimidines ] named as TSAO. METHODS--The key reaction in the synthesis of TSAO
Activation of the epidermal immune system in the course of HIV-infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A57 (abstract no. PoA 2329). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400629; Berger S; Kappus RP; Thomas CA; Ottmann OG; Ganser A; Stille W; Shah PM; Department of Internal Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe; University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.; OBJECTIVES: The consequences of HIV-infection for epidermal cell function was investigated. METHODS: Accessory cell function of epidermal cells was examined by assessing their effect on T-lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogenic anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (OKT3 and anti-Leu 4) and IL2. RESULTS: In Fig 1 the
Increased production of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta by T lymphocytes correlates with defective hemopoiesis in HIV-infected subjects.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A57 (abstract no. PoA 2328). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400630; Balleari E; Musselli C; Bason C; Timitilli S; Ruzzenenti R; Brenci S; Puppo F; Ghio R; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: An inhibitory effect of autologous T lymphocytes on the in vitro growth of hemopoietic progenitor cells, possibly mediated by soluble factor(s), has been recently described by us in HIV-infected (HIV+) subjects (Ann Hematol 1991;63:320). Aim of the present study was to identify which (if any) of inhibitory
Modulation of AZT-induced hematologic toxicity in mice by coadministration of Procysteine, a glutathione stimulating drug.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A57 (abstract no. PoA 2325). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400631; Wilson DM; White R; Bender J; Webb L; Unverzagt K; Goldberg DI; Baxter Healthcare Corp., Round Lake, IL.; AZT causes a dose-limiting hematologic toxicity. Non-enzymatic, thiol mediated reduction of the azido moiety produces 3 -amino-3 -deoxythymidine, a compound with marked toxicity in some model systems. Since stimulation of glutathione synthesis has bee
Pentoxifylline (trental) enhances the antiretroviral activity of didanosine (dideoxyinosine, ddI).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A57 (abstract no. PoA 2326). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400632; Zhang L; Dezube BJ; Ahlers CM; Pardee AB; Crumpacker CS; Beth Israel Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.; OBJECTIVES: To determine if pentoxifylline, a drug that decreases tumor necrosis factor (TNF) mRNA, can increase ddI activity. This is based on the observation that TNF blocks the antiretroviral activity of the reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors AZT
Purified IgG isolated from HIV infected individuals inhibits IL-2 dependent proliferation of CD4+ T cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A57 (abstract no. PoA 2327). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400633; Armbrecht C; Liers M; Meyer KL; Willers R; Jablonowski H; Wahn V; Dep. of Gastroenterology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf,; FRG.; OBJECTIVES: Sequence homology has been shown to occur between retroviral gp41 and human IL-2 . Immunization against HIV may generate cross reacting antibodies which, in turn, could contribute to the immunodeficiency. As several vaccines contain gp41 (gp160) it seems pos
Synthesis and anti-HIV-1 activity of purine nucleoside analogues of TSAO derivatives.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A57 (abstract no. PoA 2324). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400634; Velazquez S; San Felix A; Perez-Perez MJ; Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Camarasa MJ; Instituto de Quimica Medica (C.S.I.C.), Madrid, Spain.; OBJECTIVE--To synthesize and study the anti-HIV activity of a series of purine nucleoside analogues of the novel class of highly potent and specific inhibitors of HIV-1, the 2 ,5 -bis-O-silylated-3 -spiro-substituted (TSAO) nucleosides. These compounds showed a remarkable stereospecificity in their antiviral behaviour
Interferon induction by HIV gp120.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A58 (abstract no. PoA 2334). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400635; Capobianchi MR; Mattana P; Mercuri F; Ameglio F; Gandolfo GM; Paganelli R; Ankel H; Dianzani F; Inst. Virol., University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVE: To establish the role of gp120 in the induction of IFN and other lymphocyte activation markers. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as well as enriched cell populations were incubated with various concentrations of recombinant gp120 and supernatants were harvested after various time points. T
Lymphocyte subpopulations and cytokines in acute HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A58 (abstract no. PoA 2331). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400636; Caragol I; Garcia X; Sauleda S; Esteban JI; Espanol T; Immunology Unit and Internal Medicine, C.S. Vail d'Hebron,; Barcelona.; HIV infection represents a persistent immunological stimulation of the infected macrophages and CD4+ cells which leads to secretion of cytokines. Evidence supporting a pathological role for some of these mediators in progression to AIDS has recently been reported. The relationship between different patterns of cytokin
Recombinant IL4 stimulates cluster and giant cell formation in HIV infected human monocytes via enhanced LFAI-ICAMI interactions.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A58 (abstract no. PoA 2335). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400637; Cunningham A; Kazazi F; Chang J; Mathys JM; Lopez A; Vadas M; Virology Department, Westmead Hospital, NSW.; AIMS: To investigate the effect of interleukin 4 on multinucleated giant cell (MGC) formation in HIV infected/uninfected monocytes(Mo). METHODS: Human blood Mos were isolated by centrifugal elutriation and OKT3--complement cytotoxicity. Endotoxin free MOs were infected with freshly isolated low passage HIV strains. Ex
Serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1 in HIV-1 infected i.v. drug users.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A58 (abstract no. PoA 2333). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400638; Chodynicka B; Lukaszewicz M; Rogowski F; Citko A; Boron-Kaczmarska A; Dept. Vener., Medical School, Bialystok, Poland.; OBJECTIVES: Determining the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (Il-1 beta) in IVDUs in relation to their HIV-1 antibody status and to duration time of HIV-1 infection to gain some insight into the pathogenesis of the disease. METHODS: The cytokine concentrations were measure
Similar pattern of erythropoiesis drastic inhibition and granulopoiesis stimulation observed with eight HIV-2 isolates in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A58 (abstract no. PoA 2330). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400639; Calenda V; Chermann JC; Unite de Recherches INSERM U322, Marseille, France.; OBJECTIVES: To correlate severe anemia and frequent neutropenia described in HIV-2 infected patients with a common inhibitory effect to several HIV-2 isolates on bone marrow progenitors. METHODS: The effects of eight HIV-2 isolates were studied on early (BFU-E) and late (CFU-E) erythroid progenitors and granulo-monocy
Usefulness of serum-cytokine measurement in the natural history and the progression of HIV disease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A58 (abstract no. PoA 2332). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400640; Ouaranta JF; Durant J; Pesce A; Cassuto JP; Ferrua B; Dellamonica P; Ligue Regionale Francaise de Lutte contre le SIDA, Nice,; France.; OBJECTIVES: Beside the absolute number of CD4+ T-cells, the use of others biological markers remains necessary to evaluate the natural history and the progression of HIV disease. The aim of this study was to determine in this purpose the usefulness of serum-cytokine measurement. METHODS: The measurement of serum-IL-1
Effect of IL-3 and erythropoietin in vivo on hematopoietic toxicity associated with zidovudine (AZT).: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A59 (abstract no. PoA 2337). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400641; Gallicchio V; Hughes NK; Tse KF; University of Kentucky Medical Center, Department of Veterans; Affairs, Lexington.; OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of IL-3 and erythropoietin alone or in combination to ameliorate the hematopoietic toxicity associated with zidovudine in vivo. METHODS: Normal C57BL6 mice received dose-escalation of zidovudine in vivo (0.1, 1.0, 2.5 mg/ml) placed in their drinking water. Animals received either IL-3
Lack of IL-1 & IL-6 production in cultures with an accessory cell function defect.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A59 (abstract no. PoA 2339). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400642; Izaguirre C; Filion LG; University of Ottawa, Laboratory for Disease Control, Canada.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of HIV-1 infection of accessory cells (AC) on their capacity to produce IL-1 and IL-6 when cultured with T cells and stimulated with mitogens. METHODS: AC function was measured by the ability of monocytes to restore PHA and soluble anti-CD3 induced blastogenesis of highly purified an
Reduced toxoplasmastatic activity of monocytes and IFN-gamma-activated monocyte-derived macrophages from AIDS-patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A59 (abstract no. PoA 2336). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400643; Delemarre FG; Stevenhagen A; Kroon FP; Meenhorst PL; van Furth R; University Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVES: In a previous study a reduced phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by monocytes from AIDS-patients was described (O. Pos et al., Clin. exp. Immunol., in press). To investigate whether the antimicrobial activity of monocytes and macrophages from AIDS-patients against an obligate intracellular pathogen such
Serum TNF-alpha levels in HIV-pulmonary tuberculosis patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A59 (abstract no. PoA 2341). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400644; Kivihya LE; Ochola JJ; Otieno GF; Gathua S; Muthami LN; Were JB; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.; OBJECTIVES: To determine Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients in relation to their HIV-serostatus. METHODS: A clinical assessment of the patients was performed and their HIV serostatus was measured using ELISA (Wellcome). Properties of peripheral blood T-cells from PTB pati
Soluble TNF receptors: a possible prognostic factor?: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A59 (abstract no. PoA 2340). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400645; Kalinkovich A; Engelmann H; Harpaz N; Burstein R; Kaminsky M; Wallach D; Bentwich Z; Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot, Israel.; OBJECTIVES: Determine soluble TNF receptors (sTNF-R), type I (p55) and type II (p75), in sera and in supernatants (SUP) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HIV infected male homosexuals (MHS) and correlate them to peripheral blood T cell subpopulations and course of HIV infection. METHODS: Sequential ser
TGF beta-1 induces virus production in HeLa-T4 derived cells infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A59 (abstract no. PoA 2338). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400646; Hummel U; Lazdins JK; Klimkait T; Pharma Research Laboratories, CIBA-GEIGY Ltd., Basle,; Switzerland.; OBJECTIVE: In vitro, HIV infected primary macrophages can be stimulated by TGF beta-1 to upregulate virus production. In AIDS patients serum levels of TGF beta have been shown to be significantly increased. Human cells from various tissues express TGF-receptors. Here we report that epithelioid cells carrying a silent
An immunoassay of CD4 molecules on human lymphocytes exposed to recombinant HIV1 gp120.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A6 (abstract no. PoA 2019). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400647; Carriere D; Fontaine C; Carayon P; Sanofi Recherche, Montpellier, France.; OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of in vitro exposition of human T-lymphocytes to recombinant gp120 (r-gp120) on levels of CD4 marker determined by immunoassay (CAPCELLIA kit, SANOFI DIAGNOSTICS PASTEUR).). METHODS: The CD4 immunoassay determines the concentration of CD4 molecules on the surface of T-cells in blood. In
Characterization of the HIV-2-envelope glycoprotein with truncated proteins.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A6 (abstract no. PoA 2022). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400648; Otteken A; Voss G; Hunsmann G; German Primate Center, Abteilung fur Virologie und Immunologie,; Gottingen.; OBJECTIVES: The envelope (env) glycoprotein (gp) of the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) determines the cellular tropism of the viruses and is the main target of the host s humoral and cell-mediated immune response. We wanted to examine the effects of C-terminal and internal deletions of the HIV-2 env protein on i
Cytomegalovirus infection of the BS-1 human stroma cell line: effect on murine hemopoiesis.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A6 (abstract no. PoA 2020). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400649; Chatis PA; Steinberg HN; Lim B; Harvard Thorndike Laboratory, Charles A. Dana Research Institute,; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts.; OBJECTIVE: The stroma cells comprising the microenvironment of the bone marrow function as accessory cells to support the development of hematopoietic progenitor cells into mature and functional blood cells. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of CMV
Localization of determinants on the viral envelope glycoproteins that control HIV-1 induced syncytium formation.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A6 (abstract no. PoA 2018). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400650; Andeweg AC; Groenink M; Leeflang P; de Goede RE; Osterhaus AD; Tersmette M; Bosch ML; Lab of Immunology, RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.; OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is the localization of determinants on the HIV-1 env gene that control virus induced syncytium formation. METHODS: We have amplified, cloned, expressed, and sequenced individual envelope genes from a set of eight phenotypically characterized biological HIV-1 clones which display differ
Roles of conserved glycosylation sites of HIV-1 gp41.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A6 (abstract no. PoA 2021). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400651; Fenouillet E; Jones I; Powell B; Kieny MP; Gluckman JC; CERVI, Hopital de la Pitie, Paris.; OBJECTIVES: To study the role of the glycans of HIV-1 transmembrane glycoprotein gp41. METHODS: The conserved glycosylation sites of gp41 (Asn 621, 630 and 642) were mutated in Glu and the resulting env was introduced in vaccinia virus (rVV). rVV with the complete normal env was used as control. Molecular weight (MW)
SIV transmembrane protein truncation enhances syncytium formation and alters glycoprotein surface expression.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A6 (abstract no. PoA 2023). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400652; Spies CP; Ritter GD; Mulligan MJ; Compans RW; Dept. of Microbiology, Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham.; OBJECTIVES: In vitro passage of SIVmac in certain human cell types results in selection of viral variants with truncated TM proteins. We have investigated the role of truncation of the TM protein as a determinant in the fusion activity of the SIVmac 239 env protein. We compared the cellular and surface expression of w
Effects of sho-saiko-to(SST) on production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene B4(LTB4) and superoxide from peripheral monocytes and neutrophils isolated from HIV infected individuals.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A60 (abstract no. PoA 2345). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400653; Miyamoto K; McKinley G; Lange M; Stavropoulos C; Matsumoto H; Moriya S; Inada Y; St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center/Columbia University, New; York, NY.; OBJECTIVES: Facilitation of the replication of HIV by PGE2, enhancement of complement (C ) receptor and C -dependent killing of virus by LTB4 and worsening of disease by oxidative stress such as superoxide have been reported. As we previously reported, SST, a traditional chinese medicine, had an enhancing effects on P
Expression of CD11/CD18 adhesion molecules on leucocytes from patients infected with HIV-1.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A60 (abstract no. PoA 2346). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400654; Palmer SJ; Hamblin AS; Department of Virology and Immunology, UMDS Guy's and St; Thomas's, London, UK.; OBJECTIVES: CD11/CD18 adhesion molecules mediate a wide range of cell to cell and cell to matrix adhesion-dependent functions including attachment of leucocytes to blood vessel endothelium. This may be enhanced through an increase in expression of these molecules by cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-
Fibroblast-derived factors preserve viability of HIV-infected mononuclear cells in vitro.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A60 (abstract no. PoA 2347). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400655; Pandolfi F; Cafaro A; Polidori V; Oliva A; Liberatore D; Sacco G; Giovannetti A; Kumick JT; Aluti F; Dept of Clinical Immunology, Univ. of Rome.; In comparison to normal controls, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HIV-infected patients have an increased mortality rate (MR) when incubated in vitro in a survival medium (RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FCS and antibiotics). PBMC were isolated from 49 HIV+ patients and cultured in a CO2 incubator at 37
HIV-111B derived recombinant gp120 induces HIV replication in peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells by regulating TNF, IFN gamma production.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A60 (abstract no. PoA 2344). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400656; Matear PM; Vyakamam A; Department of Immunology, University College and Middlesex School; of Medicine, London, U.K.; OBJECTIVES: To examine if recombinant gp120 can mimic the effects of HIV-IIIB in terms of regulating TNF and IFN gamma production in peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells. METHODS: CD4+ T-cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers by negative selection after depletion of B cells, macrophages, NK cells
Inhibition of assembly and transport of HIV by interferon (IFN) in monocytes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A60 (abstract no. PoA 2343). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400657; Maheshwari RK; Liu K; VedBrat SS; Bhartiya D; Friedman RM; Uniformed Svcs. Univ. of the Health Sci., Bethesda, MD.; Previous studies reported that interferon (IFN) treatment causes a dramatic inhibition of HIV replication in monocytes. No evidence of infection was seen, if monocytes were treated with IFN (500 units/ml) at the time of HIV infection. In monocyte cultures infected with HIV 7 days before addition of IFN (500 units/ml),
Receptor binding of tumor necrosis factor alpha.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A60 (abstract no. PoA 2342). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400658; Leung WC; Leung MF; Department of Pathology, Tulane University School of Medicine,; New Orleans, LA 70112.; It has been suggested that human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) enhances replication of HIV in an autocrine manner. Therefore, our long term goal is to develop means of intervention to block the action of TNF alpha in order to attenuate the replication of HIV. The present study focused on how TNF alpha binds
Cytokine induction by placentas of HIV-seropositive gravida.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A61 (abstract no. PoA 2349). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400659; Reuben J; Turpin J; Gonik B; Doyle M; Jacobson R; University of Texas, Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group,; Houston.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the induction of interleukins 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in placental cells (PC) from control and HIV-infected (HIV+) gravida. METHODS: Cultures of PC isolated from control and HIV+ placentas were activated with endotoxin (LPS), inactivated HIV l
Expression of cellular molecules during HIV-1 infection of adherent cells in culture.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A61 (abstract no. PoA 2352). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400660; Ameglio F; Tilocca F; Arca MV; Melis L; Gandolfo GM; Dolei A; Inst. S. Gallicano, Rome, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To analyze the effects of HIV replication on the expression of components and products of cells from solid tissues. METHODS: Normal lung diploid fibroblasts (MRC-5, PEU), CD4 transfected HeLa-T4-6c epithelial cells, RD rhabdomyosarcoma cells, in comparison to the C8166 T cell line, were infected with the H
Impaired in vitro growth of peripheral blood (PB) CFU-GM in AIDS patients: its relationship with an active viral replication.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A61 (abstract no. PoA 2348). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400661; Re MC; Zauli G; Furlini G; Vignoli M; Ramazzotti E; La Placa M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Bologna, Italy.; OBJECTIVES: To evaluate any impairment of the in vitro growth of PB granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM) in HIV-1(+) individuals at different stages of the disease in correlation with signs of active viral replication. METHODS: PB light-density mononuclear cells were obtained from 20 HIV-1(+) asymptomatic, 25 H
Raised levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, but not interferon alpha, in HIV-1 infected patients from Ethiopia.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A61 (abstract no. PoA 2351). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400662; Sonnerborg A; Ayehunie S; Zewdie DW; Britton S; Strannegard O; Dep Virology, Central Microbiol. Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden.; OBJECTIVE: To study the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), neopterin and interferon alpha (IFN) in Ethiopian and Swedish patients with HIV-1 infection. METHODS: The substances were determined by immunoradiometric assays. Ethiopian asymptomatic carriers were chosen at regular serosurveys and Ethiopian A
Simultaneous flow cytometric analysis of surface markers and intracellular IL6 in HIV.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A61 (abstract no. PoA 2353). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400663; Vander Meyden M; Andersson U; Schmid I; Giorgi J; Kishimoto T; Martinez-Maza O; UCLA School of Medicine.; OBJECTIVES: Interleukin 6 (IL6) is a multi-functional cytokine and the overproduction of which may play an important role in the immunogenesis of AIDS. We developed a rapid and sensitive method to detect cytoplasmic IL6 simultaneously with surface antigens. It is of particular interest for multiparametric analysis. ME
TNF-alpha and PGE-2 in PBMC short-term cultures in patients with advanced HIV-disease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A61 (abstract no. PoA 2350). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400664; Rohde F; Brunkhorst U; Dreikhausen U; Schedel I; Deicher H; Medical School Hannover, Germany.; OBJECTIVES: 1. Are there any alterations in bioactivity and the negative feedback-mechanism via PGE-2 concerning the secretion of TNF-alpha? 2. Is there detectable any effect on TNF-alpha or PGE-2 secretion by the administration of polyvalent immunoglobulin-preparations to the patients? METHODS: Prospective randomized
Defective IL-6 secretion in HIV infected hemophilia patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A62 (abstract no. PoA 2355). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400665; Weimer R; Zipperle S; Daniel V; Zimmermann R; Opelz G; Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.; OBJECTIVES: To study the role of IL-6 in HIV-induced B cell defects, in vitro B cell responses and IL-6 secretion were determined simultaneously in 67 hemophilia patients. METHODS: 23 patients were HIV-negative, 27 HIV-positive stage CDC, II, III and 1 were HIV-positive stage CDC IV. 50 healthy blood donors served as
Immunological and nutritional disorders in African patients suffering from HIV-related slim disease.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A62 (abstract no. PoA 2358). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400666; Belec L; Meillet D; Hernvann A; Mbopi Keou F; Gresenguet G; Lepage C; Laboratoire de Microbiologie/Virologie, hopital Broussais,; Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To determine inflammatory, nutritional, and immunological markers in african patients with slim disease, which constitutes the most characteristic clinical picture of AIDS in Africa. METHODS: 33 HIV1-infected patients with typical slim disease (mean age: 27.7 ys; 17 women, 16 men), consecutively hospitaliz
Intestinal immune cell cooperation in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A62 (abstract no. PoA 2359). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400667; Belo M; Trajman A; Zaltman C; Elia C; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cooperation between T helper lymphocytes (Th) antigen-presenting cells (APC) and B-cells as a cause of impaired B-cell terminal differentiation in the enteric mucosa of HIV-infected patients. METHODS: The jejunal mucosa of 13 HIV-infected patients and 4 healthy controls, previously assessed f
No HIV-related deletion of V-beta 2+ CD4+ T cells after stimulation with TSST1 superantigen.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A62 (abstract no. PoA 2357). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400668; Autran B; Gorochov G; Asjo B; Hosmalin A; Lefranc E; Bricaire F; Sigaux F; Debre P; Cell. Immunol, Hop. St. Louis, Paris, France.; OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of in vitro superantigen-stimulation of T cell receptor (TCR) on CD4+ T cell depletion in relation with HIV. Superantigens encoded by various micro-organisms or HIV have been proposed to induce a selective deletion of the V-Beta responsive CD4+ T cells and to participate as co-factors
The programmed cell death (apoptosis) theory of AIDS pathogenesis: confrontation with experimental findings.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A62 (abstract no. PoA 2356). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400669; Ameisen JC; Groux H; Plouvier B; Torpier G; Mouton Y; Capron A; INSERM U167-CNRS624, Institut Pasteur, Lille, France.; We have proposed that inappropriate induction of apoptosis in various cell populations including T cells and neurons could account for most immunological and non-immunological defects observed in HIV-infected people; in particular, we postulated that apoptosis of mature CD4+ T cells following T-cell receptor stimulati
TNF production and receptor expression in CD4+ CD45RA versus CD45RO+ T-cells. Implications for HIV replication in these two populations.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A62 (abstract no. PoA 2354). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400670; Helbert M; Matear PM; Beverley PC; Vyakarnam A; Department of Immunology, University College and Middlesex School; of Medicine, London, U.K.; OBJECTIVES: To examine if HIV replication in CD45RA and CD45RO+ CD4+ T-cells is associated with TNF production and receptor expression. METHODS: CD4+ T-cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers by negative selection after depletion of B cells, macrophages, NK cells and CD8+ T-cells. The cells
A simple and rapid flow cytometric method for the detection of HIV infected cells and their immunophenotype.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A63 (abstract no. PoA 2363). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400671; Connelly MC; McSharry JJ; Rao PE; Immunology R&D, Ortho Diagnostic Systems, Raritan, N.J.; OBJECTIVES: A growing body of data, collected using quantitative PCR or quantitative virus culture on peripheral blood from HIV infected individuals, suggests the clinical progression of HIV infection is accompanied by increased virus burden. However, quantitative PCR and viral culture are too hazardous, costly and ti
Characterization of the early stages of SIVmac infection in lymph nodes.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A63 (abstract no. PoA 2360). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400672; Chakrabarti L; Claessens-Maire MA; Cumont MC; Hurtrel M; Montagnier L; Hurtrel B; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris.; OBJECTIVE: To determine the initial steps of lymphoid organ pathogenesis and the nature of target cells during the early stage of SIV infection in the rhesus macaque. METHODS: Lymph nodes were obtained from 10 infected rhesus macaques that were sacrificed at days 7, 15, 30, 56, 65, 78, 98 and 105 following inoculation
Critical evaluation of CD4+ cell count decline: detection of two clusters of HIV-infected patients.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A63 (abstract no. PoA 2364). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400673; Ferrara R; Pontesilli O; D'Offizi G; Mezzaroma I; Campitelli G; Pinter E; Aiuti F; Dept. of Allergy and Clin. Immunol., Univ. La Sapienza, Roma,; Italy.; OBJECTIVES: Identification of HIV infected patients with abnormally rapid or slow decline of CD4+ cell counts; these two categories of subjects should provide informations on co-factors responsible for particularly aggressive, or conversely relative silent, behaviour of HIV in the generation of the immunodeficiency. M
Delta TCS1-positive gamma delta-T cells in peripheral lymphocytes during HIV-infection: isolation and characteristics of CD8+ delta TCS1+ T cell lines and role of TNF alpha.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A63 (abstract no. PoA 2365). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400674; Gougeon ML; Guetard D; Dadaglio G; Enouf MG; Montagnier Luc Viral Oncology Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris,; France.; OBJECTIVES: Phenotypic and functional characterisation of T cell lines expressing the delta TCS1+ gamma delta TCR, obtained from HIV-infected patients peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) expanded in the presence of TNF alpha and IL2. METHODS: PBLs from HIV-infected patients were investigated for the expression of gamm
Inhibition of EBV-induced B-cell lymphoma development with antiviral therapy.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A63 (abstract no. PoA 2362). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400675; Coles RE; Boyle TJ; Kizilbash AM; Lyerly HK; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina 27710.; OBJECTIVES: Five to 10% of patients with AIDS will develop high-grade B-cell lymphoma (BCL). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated in pathogenesis. The potential inhibitory effects of anti-viral therapy on the development of BCL in SCID mice engrafted with human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and infected with EBV
Inhibition of T cell receptor induced-proliferation by HIV-tat does not involve Pl-PLCgamma1 pathway.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A63 (abstract no. PoA 2361). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400676; Chirmule N; Oyalzu N; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Hospital-Cornell; Univ Medical College, Manhasset, NY 11030.; OBJECTIVES: Soluble proteins of HIV play a significant role in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. We have previously demonstrated that envelope glycoproteins of HIV inhibit normal T cell function by inhibiting T cell receptor induced-phosphatidylinositol-PLCgamma1 signal transduction pathway. We have investigated the
Association of CD4+ cell depletion in HIV infected patients with gp120-immunoglobulin-complement complexes on the surface of CD4+ cells.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A64 (abstract no. PoA 2371). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400677; Daniel V; Susal C; Prodeus AP; Weimer R; Zimmermann R; Huth-Kuhne A; Opelz G; Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.; OBJECTIVES: The mechanism of CD4+ cell loss, which is the main immunological feature in HIV-infected patients, is unclear. In this study we investigated the role of gp120-immunoglobulin-complement complexes in the elimination of CD4+ lymphocytes in AIDS. METHODS: Counts of CD4+, CD4+Ig+, CD4+IgG+, CD4+IgM+, CD4+C3d+ a
CD4+7- T cells: memory T cells with functional defects, expanded and activated in HIV infection.: Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(2):A64 (abstract no. PoA 2367). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA8/92400678; Legac E; Sadat-Sowti B; Parizot C; Katlama C; Debre P; Autran B; Lab. Immunol. Cellul, Trop, Hop. Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris,; France.; OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate the expression of CD7, a pan-T cell marker proposed as an accessory molecule for T cell activation, on CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected patients in relationship with CD4+ cell function an