VACCINES AGAINST AIDS: II. VACCINIA EXPRESSING HIV ANTIGENS AS A CANDIDATE VACCINE AGAINST AIDS NLM AIDSLINE Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1992. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

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VACCINES AGAINST AIDS: II. VACCINIA EXPRESSING HIV ANTIGENS AS A CANDIDATE VACCINE AGAINST AIDS

New Generation Vaccines. Woodrow GC and Levine MM, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 753-63, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/92678615
Hu SL; Dept. of Virology, ONCOGEN, Seattle, WA

Abstract: Vaccinia virus has been used successfully for centuries as a vaccination against smallpox. One of the most promising novel approaches to vaccine development involves the use of recombinant vaccinia viruses. Recently, recombinant vaccinia virus has been used to express antigens from a variety of viruses and other microorganisms. Recombinant vaccinia viruses have been constructed to express the envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1. Immunogenicity studies on these recombinants and preliminary results of evaluations of these recombinants as potential AIDS vaccines are reviewed, including expression of HIV envelope antigens by recombinant vaccinia virus, immunogenicity of vaccinia-HIVenv recombinants in animals; clinical studies on vaccinia-HIVenv recombinants, and future directions in vaccine development. Although there has been progress in the study of HIV, major obstacles still exist to the development of a safe and efficacious vaccine against AIDS. One difficulty is the poor understanding of immune markers indicative of protection against AIDS. With the appropriate regimen, immunization with recombinant vaccinia-HIVenv virus can elicit several immune responses, but it is not known whether these responses are strong enough to protect against AIDS or HIV infection. The extraordinarily high degree of genetic variability observed in HIV poses another major challenge to the development of an AIDS vaccine. The most common complication of smallpox vaccination is generalized vaccinia in immunocompromised individuals, making the immune status of those who are inoculated a particular concern. Immunization with recombinant vaccinia-HIVenv virus elicits HIV-specific immune responses, including neutralization antibodies, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, helper T-cell, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte functions. It is not clear if any of these immune responses could result in protection against AIDS. (69 Refs)
Keywords: Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/IMMUNOLOGY AIDS Vaccines/*ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/*IMMUNOLOGY Human HIV Antibodies/BIOSYNTHESIS HIV Envelope Protein gp120/*GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV Envelope Protein gp41/*GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV Infections/*IMMUNOLOGY/*PREVENTION & CONTROL HIV-1/*GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY Vaccines, Synthetic/*ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/*IMMUNOLOGY Vaccinia Virus/*GENETICS/*IMMUNOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEWKWDantibody-dependentcellcytotoxicity/immunologyaidsvaccines/KWDadministration&dosage/KWDimmunologyhumanhivantibodies/biosynthesishivenvelopeproteingp120/KWDgenetics/KWDimmunologyhivenvelopeproteingp41/KWDgenetics/KWDimmunologyhivinfections/KWDimmunology/KWDprevention&controlhiv-1/KWDgenetics/KWDimmunologyvaccines,synthetic/KWDadministration&dosage/KWDimmunologyvacciniavirus/KWDgenetics/KWDimmunologymonographreview
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Copyright © 1992 - National Library of Medicine. Reproduced under license with the National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.

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