(Producer) An educational documentary aimed at protecting adult heterosexuals. The language used in this program is sexually explicit. In one instance, for example, a banana is used to demonstrate the proper technique for applying a condom. Viewers learn how to protect themselves if they remain sexually active.
Rockville, Md. : FDA and Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control, 1989 1 videocassette (14 min., 30 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101242A
(Producer) This videotape profiles four real physicians performing HIV risk assessment. It demonstrates that HIV risk assessment can be comfortably incorporated into a variety of patient encounters, often in a minimal amount of time, and that most patients will not be offended by questions that are posed in a sensit
Oak Brook, Ill. : RSNA, c1990 1 videocassette (70 min.) : sd., col. with b&w ; 1/2 in. + 1 leaflet Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101240A
Goodman PC
(Producer) Demographic and clinical information are intermingled with a detailed discussion of the infectious and neoplastic complications seen on chest films of patients with AIDS. Examples are drawn from 8 years experience with thousands of patients seen at San Francisco General Hospital. The infections covered in
[Columbus, Ohio] : Ohio State University, c1991 1 computer disk ; 5 1/4 in. + 1 guide Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9101178A
Coleman DA; Para MF
(Producer) In this package the nurse is guided through a series of decision-making situations related to care of persons with AIDS. Case I focuses on a review of HIV transmission and a recognition of proper infection control precautions. These precautions apply not only in the health care institution but home healt
Kingston, Ont. : Industrial Relations Centre, Queen's University at Kingston, 1989 72 p (School of Industrial Relations research essay series ; no. 25) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9111984
Rennes : I.R.T.S. de Bretagne, [1989] 117 p (Travaux de recherche de l'Institute regional du travail social de Bretagne ; vol. 1) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9111785
AIDS Clinical Review 1989. Volberding P and Jacobson MA, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 53-67, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659410
Wilber JC; San Francisco Dept. of Public Health, San Francisco, CA
Recent data show that the available laboratory tests for HIV infection are very accurate and useful in patient management as diagnostic tests and educational tools. The issue and incidence of false-positive and false-negative test results are discussed, including the predictive value of enzyme immunoassays (EIAs); the
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 99-107 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659642
Alter MJ; Francis DP; Viral Hepatitis Surveillance, Hepatitis Branch, Div. of Viral; Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission between homosexual men can serve as a model for AIDS. Until recently, groups recognized as being at high risk for infection with HBV were those traditionally associated with percutaneous needle exposures. In the last decade, other types of exposures, particularly sexual contact wit
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 119-30 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659643
Drew WL; Mintz L; Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA
In the past several years, increasing attention has focused on cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infections in homosexual men and the role these infections might play in the pathogenesis of AIDS and Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Data from a que
Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 205-21 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659644
Archibald DW; Essex M; Univ. of Maryland Dental Sch., Baltimore, MD
HIV, the T-lymphotropic virus formerly known as HTLV-3, is now recognized as the etiologic agent of AIDS. Other human retroviruses, HTLV-1, HTLV-2, and HIV-2, share features with HIV, including tropism for T lymphocytes, utilization of Mg(2+) in their reverse transcriptase, possession of a major core protein of approx
HIV Detection by Genetic Engineering Methods. Luciw PA and Steimer KS, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 41-57, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660254
Development of recombinant antigens for detection of HIV antibodies in serum is described, including results of preclinical and clinical trials of HIV detection. Identification of antigenic segments, purification and initial testing, and cloning and antigen expression also are discussed. Two proteins, P121, which is a
HIV Detection by Genetic Engineering Methods. Luciw PA and Steimer KS, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 99-120, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660257
A critical need exists for sensitive diagnostic reagents to detect not only antibodies to HIV in blood and organ donors but also to detect the virus directly. The production, purification, and ELISAs are reviewed for four recombinant HIV antigens and a synthetic HIV env peptide. In addition, data are presented from a
HIV Detection by Genetic Engineering Methods. Luciw PA and Steimer KS, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 169-93, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660261
Homsy J; Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA
As an alternative to the costly, time-consuming, and potentially hazardous procedure of isolating HIV from tissue culture, antigen assays for HIV have been developed. The different antigen assays described to date are reviewed, including consideration of their characteristics, applications, and limitations from biolog
HIV Detection by Genetic Engineering Methods. Luciw PA and Steimer KS, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 195-207, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660262
Paul DA; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL
When HIV was identified as the causative agent of AIDS, diagnostic tests were developed to detect antibody (Ab) to HIV. These tests determine that an individual was exposed to the virus sometime in the past, but provide no information on when initial infection may have occurred, whether the virus is present in an acti
HIV Detection by Genetic Engineering Methods. Luciw PA and Steimer KS, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 275-92, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660266
Chen IS; Slamon DJ; UCLA Sch. of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-I infection is a major health problem in certain regions of the world, including Japan , the Caribbean, and Africa. Recent studies suggest that the incidence of HTLV-I is increasing elsewhere, including the United States
The Epidemiology of AIDS: Expression, Occurrence, and Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. Kaslow RA and Francis DP, eds. New York, Oxford University Press, p. 18-41, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90668109
The pathogenesis of few immunologic diseases is as well understood as that of AIDS. However, confounding the study of immune function in patients with AIDS is the fact that many of the opportunistic infections and malignancies that complicate the clinical course may affect the immune system, making a distinction betwe
The Epidemiology of AIDS: Expression, Occurrence, and Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. Kaslow RA and Francis DP, eds. New York, Oxford University Press, p. 42-7, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90668110
Ascher MS; Kaslow RA; California Dept. of Health, Rm. 454, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley,; CA 94704
HIV-1 infection and AIDS are unusual among infectious diseases in that the presence of antibodies to HIV-1 signifies active infection and infectiousness with few if any exceptions. In other infections, antibodies confer immunity and resistance to further challenge. This serologic phenomenon is advantageous to public h
The Epidemiology of AIDS: Expression, Occurrence, and Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. Kaslow RA and Francis DP, eds. New York, Oxford University Press, p. 117-35, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90668114
Winkelstein W Jr; Padian NS; Rutherford G; Jaffe HW; Univ. of California, Berkeley, Sch. of Public Health, Berkeley,; CA 94720
Because AIDS was discovered first in homosexual men and this group has been the most heavily affected, much of what is known about AIDS and its etiologic agent has been learned from studies in this group. AIDS in homosexual men is reviewed, including historical background; epidemiology of AIDS and HIV-1 infection (occ
The Epidemiology of AIDS: Expression, Occurrence, and Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. Kaslow RA and Francis DP, eds. New York, Oxford University Press, p. 253-65, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90668122
Francis DP; Kaslow RA; Dept. of Health Services, State of California, 2151 Berkeley Way,; Berkeley, CA 94704
Nearly all transmission of HIV-1 around the world could be stopped if people at risk learned how to avoid infection and behaved accordingly. Well-designed public health programs can impart the knowledge, motivation, and skills necessary to prevent individuals from becoming infected. The essential elements of a communi
The Epidemiology of AIDS: Expression, Occurrence, and Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection. Kaslow RA and Francis DP, eds. New York, Oxford University Press, p. 266-81, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90668123
Stall R; Coates TJ; Mandel JS; Morales ES; Sorensen JL; 1618 Castro, no. 507, San Francisco, CA 94114
Early in the AIDS epidemic, prevention and behavioral research efforts stimulated the development of a psychosocial research agenda for AIDS that contained four major components: (1) strategies for preventing the spread of infection; (2) the impact of psychosocial variables on disease incidence and progression; (3) th
AIDS Clinical Review 1990. Volberding P and Jacobson MA, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, 280 p., 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91675538
Anonymous; No affiliation given
The AIDS epidemic has generated a new subspecialty of medicine combining elements of virology, infectious diseases, oncology, dermatology, neurology, epidemiology, psychiatry, and the social sciences. The AIDS Clinical Review series aims to provide up-to-date information of benefit to these clinicians. The present vol
Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC and Wong-Staal F, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, 409 p., 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676218
Anonymous; No affiliation given
In the short time since the discovery of the retroviruses and their link to disease, a tremendous amount of information has been uncovered relating to these viruses, their genetic structures, their tissue and cellular targets, their modes of transmission, and their cytopathology in vitro and in vivo. Many of the featu
Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC and Wong-Staal F, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 87-116, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676221
Mullins JI; Hoover EA; Dept. of Cancer Biology, Harvard Univ. Sch. of Public Health,; Boston MA
Feline leukemia viruses (FeLV) are naturally occurring, contagious type C retroviruses (oncovirus subfamily) of domestic cats. Up to 50% of free-roaming, urban domestic cats probably become infected at some point in their lifetime. Molecular analyses of FeLV genomes, their gene products, and the genetic mechanisms und
Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC and Wong-Staal F, eds. Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 147-59, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676222
Takatsuki K; Yamaguchi K; Hattori T; The Second Dept. of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto Univ. Medical; Sch., Kumamoto, Japan
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) was first recognized as a distinct clinical entity in Japan in the early 1970s. ATL is caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection, and southwestern Japan is the most endemic area in the world. ATL is reviewed, including c
Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC and Wong-Staal F, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 161-86, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676223
Yoshida M; Seiki M; Dept. of Viral Oncology, Cancer Inst., Kami-Ikebukuro,; Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Based on results obtained in studies of animal retroviruses, researchers have expected examination of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-I) and acute T-cell leukemia (ATL) to yield information concerning tumorigenesis in humans. The authors studies on the molecular biology of HTLV-I are reviewed, with emphasis
Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC and Wong-Staal F, eds. Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 187-207, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676224
Cann AJ; Rosenblatt JD; Wachsman W; Chen IS; Dept. of Medicine, UCLA Sch. of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
Comparative molecular biology of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-I) and HTLV-II affords the opportunity to investigate the pathogenesis of these viruses. The authors molecular studies of HTLV-II are reviewed and related to unanswered questions concerning the mechanism of cell transformation by HTLV and the b
Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC and Wong-Staal F, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 209-39, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676225
Manns A; Blattner WA; Enviromental Epidemiology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD
The discovery of the first human retrovirus, human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I), was facilitated by advances in virologic and cell culture techniques. HTLV-I was linked with a specific clinical syndrome, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL); this finding set the stage for discovery of HTLV-II and HIV-1. HTLV-II was
Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC and Wong-Staal F, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 241-84, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676226
Haseltine WA; Terwilliger EF; Rosen CA; Sodroski JG; Dana-Farber Cancer Inst., Harvard Medical Sch., Boston, MA
Four different types of human retroviruses have been isolated: human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-I), the etiologic agent of the malignant adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma; HTLV-II, a virus associated with a more benign form of T-cell leukemia/lymphoma; HTLV-II, a virus associated with a more benign form of T-cell
Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC, and Wong-Staal F eds. Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 285-316, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676227
Koenig S; Fauci AS; Natl. Inst. of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD
The major advance in AIDS research has been the identification of the etiologic agent of this disorder, sometimes called lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus III (HTLV-III), AIDS-related virus (ARV), and, most recently, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Another human T-cell tropic
Retrovirus Biology and Human Disease. Gallo RC and Wong-Staal F, eds. Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 317-29, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676228
Kanki PJ; Essex M; Dept. of Cancer Biology, Harvard Sch. of Public Health, Boston,; MA
The identification of HIV-1 as the causative agent of AIDS renewed interest in the search for related animal and human retroviruses. In the past 5 yr, two such viruses have been identified: simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2). SIV and HIV-2 are reviewed, including virolo
Erythropoietin in Clinical Applications: An International Perspective. Garnick MB, ed. New York, Marcel Dekker, 334 p., 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676843
Anonymous; No affiliation given
Advances in recombinant DNA technology leading to the development, manufacture, and establishment of the clinical efficacy and safety of naturally occurring human proteins, are having a profound impact on the day-to-day practice of medicine. The availability of recombinant human erythropoietin, a blood growth factor,
Purine-2 ,3 -dideoxynucleosides (eg, ddGuo, ddAdo) are effective inhibitors of HIV replication. We have found that formation of 5 -mono, di- and triphosphates of these compounds in human T cells is stimulated several-fold by agents which increase intracellular IMP such as ribavirin, tiazofurin and mycophenolic acid. F
Reiter Z; Blatt LM; Taylor MW; Dept. of Biology, Inst. of Molecular Biology, Bloomington, IN; 47405
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) has been found in a high frequency of male AIDS patients. Clinical trials have indicated that interferon (IFN)-alpha is effective in treatment of this tumor. However, it is not known whether the IFN effect is a direct one or is the result of stimulation of a component of the immune system. We hav
Herndier BG; Shiramizu BT; Aldape KD; Jewett NE; McGrath MS; Dept. of Pathology, San Francisco General Hosp., San Francisco,; CA 94110
The majority of non-Hodgkin s lymphomas in AIDS are B-cell in origin. We describe a CD4+ T-cell lymphoma that expresses HIV-1 p24 antigen and appears to be the first case described with clonally integrated HIV sequence. Such integration may indicate a direct transforming role of the virus. Multiple sites of tissue wer
Cintron J; Farraj M; Duarte B; Buschmann R; Wood D; Weisz-Carrington P; West Side VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
CD4 is a glycoprotein identified as the host cell membrane receptor for the HIV envelope protein gp120. Others as well as we have observed the presence of CD4 on the HT29 colonic cancer cell line. We have observed that the presence of CD4 may be cell-cycle dependent. Demonstration of CD4 in normal and neoplastic intes
Antiviral Agents and Viral Diseases of Man. Third Edition. Galasso GJ et al, eds. New York, Raven, p. 301-25, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676215
Reichman RC; Dept. of Medicine, Univ. of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood; Ave., Rochester, NY 14642
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) produce epithelial tumors of the skin and mucous membranes and have been associated closely with several genital tract malignancies, especially carcinoma of the cervix. Papillomaviruses are highly species-specific; cross-species infections occur rarely. HPVs and interferon (IFN) therapy f
An inquest to determine the degree of knowledge they have, was done among 27 physicians (obstetricians-gynecologist), 36 midwives and 47 assistants of infirmary in a maternity of Santiago. The following items where included: definition of concept, general knowledge, ways of transmission, prevention and treatment, comm
Gotic M; Rolovic Z; Brkic S; Vuckovic S; Bujko M; Lilic D; Dujic A
The clinical, serological and immunological status of 23 haemophilia patients (21 with haemophilia 9 and 2 with haemophilia B) was investigated. In 12 of 23 haemophiliacs antibodies to HIV were detected. All seropositive patients were treated by imported clotting factor concentrates, and cryoprecipitates obtained by l
An Med Interna. 1989 Feb;6(2):79-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91338333
Perez Castrillon JL; Perez Arellano JL; Olmos Martinez JM; Garcia Palomo JD; Jimenez Lopez A
An study of the non-specific function of monocyte in 14 IVDU (intravenous drug-users) was carried out in order to assess the role of HIV in the pathogenesis of monocyte function alteration in this population. Two separate groups were formed depending on whether they were infected with HIV or not. In comparison with th
An Med Interna. 1989 Aug;6(8):431-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91338347
Salinas Argente R; Sans Sabrafen J; Buxo Costa J; Cremades M; Pedro Olive C; Pujol Balaguer MM
5 cases of epidemic Kaposi s sarcoma in 5 homosexual males with HIV infection are presented. All of them died 3, 8, 9, 11, 24 months, respectively, after the initial diagnosis. We review the actual therapeutic possibilities of this neoplasia.
During a 2 years period the serological markers of viral infections were evaluated in the semen of 24 donors who were involved in assisted reproduction techniques. The presence of cytomegalovirus , hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus were investigated. The results wer
Caterino-de-Araujo A; de-los-Santos Fortuna E; Secao de Imunologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brasil.
The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and its relationship with other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) was investigated by serological determinations in a group of 45 women working as prostitutes in Santos, State of Sao Paulo. Seropositivity to HIV-1 was demonstrated in 4 (9%) of the cases and to HIV-2 in one ca
Weinberg A; Dantonio SA; Duarte MI; Pedreira Junior WL; Barone AA; Ishioka S; Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital das Clinicas of the; University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil.
The goal of this study was to evaluate inhaled pentamidine for the treatment of patients with mild and moderate Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. Eight adults with AIDS and pneumocystis pneumonia (4 with a first episode and 4 with a repeat pneumocystosis) received daily inhalations of aerosol pentamidine isethionate f
Acta Psiquiatr Psicol Am Lat. 1990 Jul-Dec;36(3-4):125-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91328028
Kornblit AL; Bilyk A
This paper is an approach to AIDS as a topic among a drug abusers sample of the city of Buenos Aires. Research was carried out on the basis of a qualitative methodology. In an attempt at surveying opinions and attitudes of such a sample as regards AIDS (i.e. subjects cognitive map), 21 drug abusers from three differe
New Biol. 1990 Nov;2(11):1034-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91329293
Lindholm PF; Marriott SJ; Gitlin SD; Bohan CA; Brady JN; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We demonstrate that purified HTLV-I Tax1 protein can be taken up by 70Z/3 lymphoid cells and localized in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. Introduction of the Tax1 protein into the growth medium of 70Z/3 cells resulted in the rapid and transient induction of NF-kappa B binding activity in the nuclear fra
We report the case of a 4 month old baby in an advanced stage of HIV infection with AIDS according to the CDC definition. The HIV-infected mother was sexually promiscuous and a drug addict. The timing and route of the infection are speculative. The child was born by cesarean delivery, did not receive blood or blood pr
Heise W; Arasteh K; L'age M; II. Innere Abteilung (Gastroenterologie und Infektiologie),; Auguste-Viktoria-Krankenhaus, Berlin.
Esophageal candidosis was found endoscopically in 135 of 496 AIDS patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Vomiting, dysphagia and retrosternal pain were the leading symptoms. Endoscopy showed different stages of esophagitis with Candida patches as early changes up to severe esophagitis with hemorrhage. 36 patie
Ruf B; II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikums Rudolf Virchow (Wedding),; Freien Universitat Berlin.
Cryptococcosis is the most common life-threatening mycosis with AIDS. The combination therapy based on amphotericin B and flucytosine is furthermore the therapy of first choice, even after introduction of fluconazole. With a therapy maintained over a period of 6 weeks
Arlet G; Perol Y; Service de Bacteriologie-Virologie, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris,; France.
Cat-scratch disease is a benign inoculative lymphoreticulosis, related to the presence of a polymorph bacillus, Warthin-Stary silver stained, Gram negative as assessed by Brown-Hopp staining. It is found in the capillary walls and in macrophages bordering the lymph node sinusoids at the site of inoculation, in regiona
Tanaka H; Baba M; Ubasawa M; Takashima H; Sekiya K; Nitta I; Walker RT; De Clereq E; Miyasaka T; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, Tokyo,; Japan.
To improve the anti-HIV activity of 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT), a variety of its analogues were synthesized. Introduction of SR group to the C-6 position was carried out based on LDA lithiation followed by the reaction of aryl- or alkyl disulfide. An addition-elimination reaction of a 6-p
Nakano K; Yasaka T; Nakao T; Schram KH; Hammargren WM; PL Comprehensive Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.
Modified nucleoside levels in urine samples collected before and after surgery from seven patients with malignant gastrointestinal cancer were examined by the reversed-phase HPLC method. Those of an AIDS patient, a breast cancer patient, and pooled normal urines were also compared. To monitor the effects of therapy on
Ann Ostet Ginecol Med Perinat. 1990 Nov-Dec;111(6):349-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91336572
Wied GL; Dytch HE
The process of tissue repair or regeneration is the attempt of the injured tissue to be restructured and to reestablish its function as it existed prior to injury. The cytologic alterations depend on the original tissue site, the elapsed time after the incurred injury as well as on the type of the injury itself. From
Patel A; Creery D; Department of Internal Medicine, McMaster University Health; Sciences, Ontario, Canada.
Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) was first described by DuVernou in 1730. Since then, there have been reports of a benign form of PI occurring in both children and adults. Pneumatosis has been associated with a great many diseases, but to our knowledge there are no reports of pneumatosis in patients with acquired immune
Bujko M; Sulovic V; Sbutega-Milosevic G; Krstic M; Maran S
The article deals with the results of an anonymous testing of HIV infections in Yugoslavia. The presence of anti-HIV-antibodies was examined in the blood of pregnant patients, randomly selected, in a Ward where about 3000 artificial abortions were carried out in the first trimester of pregnancy in a six-month period.
Krause H; Uckert W; Wunderlich V; Central Institute for Cancer Research, Berlin-Buch.
Type D retroviruses constitute a group of RNA tumor viruses so far isolated exclusively from primates. 4 groups of isolates are known to date (Mason- Pfizer virus, agents of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome--SAIDS, endogenous viruses of Old World and New World monk
Gatt S; Dinur T; Abou-Rabia S; Kotler M; Fibach E; Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Hebrew University, Hadassah; School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Administration of pyrene-linked fatty acids and lipids to cultured cells or an enveloped (vesicular stomatitis) virus induced photosensitization which, following irradiation with a long ultra-violet light (LUV), resulted in killing of the cells and loss of the infectivity of the virus with the following specific effec
Qual Assur Health Care. 1990;2(3-4):353-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91338729
Razis DV; Hygia Hospital, Athens, Greece.
The Hippocratic definition of Confidentiality, i.e. the absolute and without any exceptions observation of secrecy by the physicians, expresses the Hippocratic philosophy in Medicine. Hippocratic Medicine is completely individualized--the physician s sole responsibility is the patient s well being. Confidentiality und
Some new fluorine containing substituted 3-thioxo-1,2,4-triazin-5-ones (2-17) have been synthesized and evaluated for in vitro anti human immune virus (HIV) activity. Most of the new compounds displayed a lethal activity, while compounds 2, 6, 7, 10, 11 and 14 displayed a significant antiviral activity. The structures
Goodman PC; San Francisco General Hospital, California.
This paper is a selective review of the past year s literature on the infections and neoplasms that develop in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In general, the recent literature supports information previously reported and includes further suggestions about the pathogenesis of findings seen on che
Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis. 1991 Mar;66(1):15-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91316356
Rose RM; Section on Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New England; Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA.
Active tuberculosis is now recognized as a frequent and serious complication of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of AIDS. HIV mediated alteration in host defenses against mycobacteria contribute to the magnitude and severity of this problem. HIV can affect a variety of cellula
Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis. 1991 Mar;66(1):21-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91316357
Murray JF; Chest Service, San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center,; University of California 94143-0841.
Among the many infectious complications of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis is now recognized as one of the most important. Coexisting HIV infection is believed responsible for the soaring incidence of tuberculosis in Africa, and for the increase in the number of reported cases in the
Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis. 1991 Mar;66(1):27-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91316358
Styblo K; International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris,; France.
HIV is the strongest risk factor for tuberculous disease observed in the last 100 years in subjects infected with tubercle bacilli. Its impact upon tuberculosis incidence is so great that it has disrupted the balance between the tubercle bacillus and the community. The breakdown rate from tuberculous infection to acti
Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis. 1991 Mar;66(1):33-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91316359
Kochi A; Tuberculosis Unit, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Tuberculosis is one of the most widespread infections known in the world. WHO estimates that in 1990, 1.7 billion people, or one third of the world population, are or have been infected with the tubercle bacillus. Fortunately, few of those infected develop active forms of the disease but it is estimated that in 1990,
Grace EG; Cohen LA; Ward MA; University of Maryland, Dental School, Baltimore 21201.
An assessment was made of the public s attitudes toward infection control techniques utilized in dentistry. Five hundred and nine adults in the State of Maryland responded to a detailed telephone survey in late 1989. Respondents reported that most of their dentists (87.0%) wore gloves and 69.8% of the respondents pref
Smith TW; National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago.
Questions on sexual behavior that were added to the National Opinion Research Center s 1988 and 1989 General Social Surveys reveal that 97 percent of adult Americans have had intercourse since age 18. Respondents report having an average of about 1.2 sexual partners during the year preceding the survey and nearly 7.2
Pettit SC; Simsic J; Loeb DD; Everitt L; Hutchison CA 3d; Swanstrom R; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North; Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
Retroviruses encode a protease which cleaves the viral Gag and Gag/Pol protein precursors into mature products. To understand the target sequence specificity of the viral protease, the amino acid sequences from 46 known processing sites from 10 diverse retroviruses were compared. Sequence preference was evident in pos
Statistical analysis of an expanded data base of regions in viral polyproteins and in non-viral proteins that are sensitive to hydrolysis by the protease from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 has generated a model which characterizes the substrate specificity of this retroviral enzyme. The model leads to an a
Frohlich KU; Fries HW; Rudiger M; Erdmann R; Botstein D; Mecke D; Physiologisch-chemisches Institut der Universitat Tubingen,; Federal Republic of Germany.
Yeast mutants of cell cycle gene cdc48-1 arrest as large budded cells with microtubules spreading aberrantly throughout the cytoplasm from a single spindle plaque. The gene was cloned and disruption proved it to be essential. The CDC48 sequence encodes a protein of 92 kD that has an internal duplication of 200 amino a
J Immunol. 1991 Aug 1;147(3):933-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91318181
Muller S; Wang HT; Kaveri SV; Chattopadhyay S; Kohler H; IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation, La Jolla, CA 92037.
In this study we have generated monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies against human monoclonal and polyclonal anti-HIV antibodies in seropositive sera. A human anti-gp41 mAb (H2, IgM kappa) was used to immunize BALB/c mice and to prepare hybridoma anti-antibodies that react with H2 and not with normal human IgM. Simila
Pseudo-Kaposi s Sarcoma with vascular disease concern mainly acroangiodermatitis described by Mali--(with chronic venous insufficiency)--, arteriovenous malformations with angiodermatitis described by Stewart and Bluefarb, and pseudo-Kaposi s Sarcoma occurring after placement of arteriovenous shunt for hemodialysis. S
J Mal Vasc. 1991;16(2):158-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91318220
Janier M; Centre clinique et biologique des MST, Hopital Saint-Louis,; Paris.
AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) accounts for 15-20% of cases of AIDS. Clinical presentation is similar to that of classical KS but with an overall more aggressive evolution and cutaneous dissimilation. There is no particular predilection for the lower limbs and frequent lesions are located on the face. Most of the
J Mal Vasc. 1991;16(2):163-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91318222
Frances C; Farge D; Boisnic S; Service de Medecine Interne, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere,; Paris.
Kaposi s sarcoma has particularly been described after renal transplantation. More recently, a number of cases have been reported after hepatic or cardiac transplantation. The fostering factors are the same as for the other Kaposi s sarcomas, while the HIV1 or HIV2 serology is always negative. Renal transplantation ma
Bor R; Elford J; Salt H; AIDS Counselling Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London.
The anticipated increase in the number of people with HIV infection and AIDS in Zimbabwe , together with those who have associated worries, will place extra demands upon clinical and counselling services in the coming decade. To meet these demands, a wide range of health care staf
Zeitlen S; Shaha A; Department of Surgery, SUNY-Health Science Center, Brooklyn; 11203.
A lump in the parotid region is generally a salivary tumor unless proved otherwise. Recently with an epidemic of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC), a large number of pathologies are noticed in the parotid region. These conditions generally involve the intraparotid and periparoti
Yamada Y; Nagata Y; Kamihira S; Tagawa M; Ichimaru M; Tomonaga M; Shiku H; Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells have been shown to express the receptor for IL-2 by studies using anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody, but these cells usually show no or only a weak proliferative response to IL-2. In the present study, we established thirteen IL-2-dependen
Md Med J. 1991 Jul;40(7):565-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91318931
Stern BJ; Kittner S; Sloan M; Meyd C; Buchholz D; Rigamonti D; Woody R; Meyerhoff J; Bell W; Price T; Division of Neurology, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21215.
Evaluation of the young stroke patient often requires an interdisciplinary approach because of the complexity of the problems encountered. We discuss some of the less common causes of stroke and present an approach to the patient.
Md Med J. 1991 Jul;40(7):573-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91318932
Sauri MA; Julie NL; Juarbe HM; Mayo FJ; Ligon CH; Fox RL; Koss G; Coggin JT; Burbach JW; Barton JH; et al; Montgomery General Hospital, Maryland.
These patients demonstrate the difficulty in arriving at the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis. The diagnosis in two of the three patients also served as the initial AIDS case-defining opportunistic infection. In each of these patients, the clinical presentations were atypical and in only one patient was a posi
Television and radio public service announcements (PSAs) are an integral part of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) public information campaigns. This report summarizes an assessment of airings of AIDS PSAs in the United States during October 1987-December 1990 that were produce
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1991 Jun 29;135(26):1178-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319232
van Rijssen-Moll MT; Nijhuis FJ; Bedrijfsgeneeskundige Dienst West-Brabant, Breda.
In a study of the content of occupational health care for hospital workers we carried out a separate study to measure the professional protection used to prevent contamination with HIV or hepatitis B virus. Therefore we carried out a study among Dutch general and orthopaedic surgeons. A questionnaire was sent to a rep
In 1985 the U.S. Department of Defense took action to establish regulations for the protection of national defense personnel against the AIDS epidemic. Since that time specific procedures have been carried out in each military unit to effectively handle soldiers infected with the AIDS virus. A unique six-stage classif
N Y State J Med. 1991 Jun;91(6):239-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319327
Lin RY; Goodhart PT; Department of Medicine-St Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center; of New York, NY 10011.
The recent increase of tuberculosis nationally and in New York City has been attributed in part to the progression of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)/human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV) epidemic. The East Harlem/South Bronx/Bushwick sections of New York City have an especially high incidence of tubercu
Revesz T; Semmelweis Orvostudomany Egyetem, II. Gyermekklinika, Budapest.
HIV infection in children is mainly due to vertical transmission. It has turned into a major epidemic in some developing countries. Due to the transfer of maternal antibodies to HIV early, diagnosis in infants is difficult and costly. The disease shows considerable clinical variability. Common classification and stagi
Pediatr Ann. 1991 Jun;20(6):303-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319442
Rosenfeld WD; Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467.
Clinicians caring for sexually active adolescents are likely to be called on to diagnose and treat many of the STDs discussed in this article. A variety of other STDs not covered here also may be observed, including lymphogranuloma venereum, granuloma inguinale, molluscum contagiosum, scabies, pediculosis, and hepatit
Nemir RL; O'Hare D; Children's Chest Clinic of Bellevue Hospital, New York, New York.
The 863 patients, aged 10 years and younger, treated at the Children s Chest Clinic of Bellevue Hospital during three decades (1953 through 1981) clearly indicated the success of antituberculosis therapy. There were no deaths from tuberculosis. Early treatment is associated with a reduction in the serious forms of dis
Lusher JM; Operskalski EA; Aledort LM; Dietrich SL; Gjerset GF; Hilgartner MW; Koerper MA; Pegelow CH; Lee H; Mosley JW; Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
The status of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection at the time of transmission to sexual contacts remains poorly defined. Transmission to nonsexual household contacts has appeared to be rare. A total of 505 sexual and nonsexual contacts of HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs in 349 households was observed. At
Blanche S; Duliege AM; Navarette MS; Tardieu M; Debre M; Rouzioux C; Seldrup J; Kouzan S; Griscelli C; Pediatric Immunology Division, Necker Hospital, Institut National; de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U132, Paris, France.
This report describes the one-year results of a noncomparative study designed to assess the safety and tolerance of low-dose zidovudine (azidothymidine) given orally to 60 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected infants and children. At baseline, the mean age was 1.9 years (+/- 1.4), and all were symptomatic: 43%
van Gent DC; Elgersma Y; Bolk MW; Vink C; Plasterk RH; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Biology,; Amsterdam.
Integration of retroviral DNA into the host chromosome requires the integrase protein (IN). We overexpressed the IN proteins of human immunodeficiency viruses types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) in E. coli and purified them. Both proteins were found to specifically cut two nucleotides off the ends of linear viral DNA, and
O'Connor WT; Department of Family Practice Medicine, School of Medicine,; University of California, Davis 95616.
Background. Herd immunity describes the collective immunocompetence of a population and its ability to resist disease. The diseases of mycobacteria, salmonella, hepatitis A, cryptosporidia, syphilis, measles, influenza, and numerous others recently have been seen in epidemic proportions in the
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 1;88(15):6800-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319771
Holley LH; Goudsmit J; Karplus M; Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Sequences of the principal neutralizing determinant (PND) of the external envelope protein, gp120, from 245 isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are analyzed. The minimal set of peptides that would elicit antibodies to neutralize a majority of U.S. and European isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type
Cameron P; Playfair WL; Family Research Institute, Inc., Washington, DC 20013.
A decrease in or leveling off of new cases of transfusion-related AIDS coupled with continued increases in homosexual and IV drug cases suggests that intervention by barring contaminated blood has worked and education has worked less well, if at all. Current evidence suggests that the blood-bar resulted in the change
Ross MW; Rosser BR; School of Community Medicine, University of New South Wales,; Australia.
Data on sexual practices in the past two months were obtained from 176 Australian and 159 New Zealand homosexually active men. Factor analysis yielded three major underlying dimensions of homosexual behaviour in each sample, accounting for 53.4 and 54.0% of total variance at ba
Sex Transm Dis. 1991 Apr-Jun;18(2):107-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91320277
Rutherford GW; Woo JM; Neal DP; Rauch KJ; Geoghegan C; McKinney KC; McGee J; Lemp GF; AIDS Office, Department of Public Health, San Francisco,; California.
To evaluate partner notification of opposite-sex sexual partners of AIDS patients as a means of limiting sexual and vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the authors examined the first 27 months of their experience with partner notification. Overall, of 145 AIDS patients eligible to participate,
Sex Transm Dis. 1991 Apr-Jun;18(2):111-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91320278
Retta SM; Herman WA; Rinaldi JE; Carey RF; Herman BA; Athey TW; Food and Drug Administration, Division of Physical Sciences,; Rockville, Maryland 208577.
The alarming number of AIDS cases has increased the attention given to barrier devices such as condoms. The authors describe a new test method that evaluates the permeability of the intact condom when subjected to simulated physiologic conditions. Fluorescent-labelled polystyrene microspheres (110 nm diameter) are use
Increasing rates of syphilis, gonorrhea, chancroid, and sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus infection appear to be related to crack cocaine use. This article critically reviews 16 epidemiologic studies that examine drug use, sexual behavior, and sexually transmitted disease (STD). Eight studies found an
Ugeskr Laeger. 1991 Jun 24;153(26):1843-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91320422
Gade A; Neuropsykologisk afsnit N, Rigshospitalet, Kobenhavn.
Progressive dementia has been described in AIDS patients as the most significant neurologic complication, related to HIV-1 infection directly rather than to opportunistic infections. As the virus seems to enter brain early in the course of infection, incipient dementia or subclinic
Ugeskr Laeger. 1991 Jun 24;153(26):1851-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91320425
Christensen LQ; Kurtzhals JA; Jess M; Gomme G; Jacobsen E; Epidemiafdeling M, Rigshospitalet, Kobenhavn.
The object of investigation is to illustrate the values of two noninvasive procedures: the induced sputum test and the exercise test in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Both of the procedures are described. Fifty HIV-positive men in whom interstitial pneumonia was suspected participated. PCP was
This study evaluated three rapid test kits for HIV antibody detection. Thirty consecutive blood specimens from the infectious diseases outpatient clinic were examined by three house officers who tested each specimen twice in a blind and randomized experiment. HIV-Chek (Du Pont) and HIV-1/HIV-2 TestPack (Abbott) were e
Rasi V; Ikkala E; Myllyla G; Nevanlinna HR; Finnish Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Helsinki.
National yearly surveys were carried out between 1985 and 1989 to determine the prevalence of antibodies for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Finnish patients with bleeding disorders. From 192 out of the 214 haemophiliacs (90%) tested, 2 patients were positive for anti-HIV. No seropositivities were found after 19
Ramsey G; Soltis F; Bowman R; McNamee J; Hahn LF; Dixon BW; Central Blood Bank, Allegheny County Department of Health,; Pittsburgh, Pa.
We report a preliminary study on whether syphilis serology might be reactive in some blood donors at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We retrospectively analyzed voluntary blood donations with reactive Treponema pallidum antibody (TPA) tests according to the type of donation, the presence of othe
Supapannachart N; Breneman DL; Linnemann CC Jr; Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, College of; Medicine, OH.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been isolated from a number of body fluids, including semen, tears, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, breast milk, alveolar fluid, and vaginal fluid, but it has not been isolated from fluid-containing skin lesions. We report the isolation of HIV-1 from cutaneous blister f
Sartori CR; Baker EJ; Hobbs ER; US Air Force Clinic Lowry, Lowry Air Force Base, Colo.
Costal fringe consists of a bandlike pattern of venous telangiectases along the anterolateral costal margins. It is a common and easily recognized entity, usually seen in elderly men. Association with underlying disease is not well established. To assess the frequency of costal fringe in a healthy young adult populati
Kelen GD; Bennecoff TA; Kline R; Green GB; Quinn TC; Division of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
In order to determine the sensitivity and specificity of two rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) assays compared with enzyme immunoassay and Western blot and to assess their potential use for routine screening in an emergency department (ED), we analyzed sera from 492 consecutive ED patients using an identity-u
McMahon DK; Winkelstein A; Armstrong JA; Pazin GJ; Hawk H; Ho M; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of; Pittsburgh, PA.
Zidovudine therapy of AIDS patients has been shown to cause only transient improvements in the numbers of circulating CD4+ cells and the in vitro functional activities of cultured lymphocytes. The present studies were undertaken to determine whether prolonged zidovudine therapy enhanced reactivity in two sensitive ass
Montefiori DC; Lefkowitz LB Jr; Keller RE; Holmberg V; Sandstrom E; Phair JP; Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical School,; Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
Neutralizing and complement-mediated infection-enhancing antibodies to HIV-1 were measured in sera or plasma from 54 HIV-1-positive individuals at various stages of disease, and from an additional 36 HIV-1-positive individuals for whom no clinical data were available. Antibodies were measured in microtiter infection a
Feigal DW; Katz MH; Greenspan D; Westenhouse J; Winkelstein W Jr; Lang W; Samuel M; Buchbinder SP; Hessol NA; Lifson AR; et al; Oral AIDS Center, University of California, San Francisco; 94143-0512.
To establish the prevalence of HIV-related oral lesions, we performed oral examinations of members of three San Francisco epidemiological cohorts of homosexual and bisexual men over a 3-year period. Hairy leukoplakia, pseudomembranous and erythematous candidiasis, angular cheilitis, Kaposi s sarcoma, and oral ulcers w
Jensen BN; Lisse IM; Gerstoft J; Borgeskov S; Skinhoj P; Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell differentials and T-lymphocyte subpopulations were analysed in 95 HIV-infected patients with pulmonary symptoms to determine whether the type of cellular inflammatory response could be useful in diagnosis or as a prognostic marker. Patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) ha
Achim CL; Morey MK; Wiley CA; University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine,; Department of Pathology, La Jolla 92093-0612.
HIV establishes a chronic infection in the central nervous system (CNS) of AIDS patients. The immunopathogenesis of this chronic encephalitis is unknown. Because of the importance of major histocompatibility (MHC) class I and class II antigens in modulating the immune response, we examined the tissue expression of MHC
Hart GJ; Woodward N; Johnson AM; Tighe J; Parry JV; Adler MW; Academic Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, University; College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK.
In order to determine the prevalence of risk behaviour for, and antibodies to HIV and hepatitis B in clients of a needle-exchange scheme in central London we employed an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire along with salivary antibody testing by immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibody capture immunoassay. Two hundred an
Thonneau P; Quesnot S; Lhomme JP; Testas P; Spira A; INSERM Unit 292 Public Health-Epidemiology-Human Reproduction,; Hopital de Bicetre, France.
In order to assess women s self-perception of their risk of infection by HIV, research was performed among 654 women who had consulted in a family planning centre in the Paris region. Of the 452 (69%) women who took part in this research, 77% considered themselves as not at risk of carrying the AIDS virus , 11% as a
Heyes MP; Lackner A; Kaufman S; Milstien S; Section on Analytical Biochemistry, National Institute of Mental; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Increases in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neopterin concentrations accompany many inflammatory diseases, including infection with HIV-1 and may reflect activation of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase 1 by gamma-interferon and other cytokines. In the present study, macaques with clinical simian AIDS (S
Crofts N; Nicholson S; Coghlan P; Gust ID; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield; Hospital, Australia.
To determine whether saliva is a potentially useful sample for screening for HIV infection when serum is not obtainable, saliva and serum samples from 50 HIV-infected and 50 uninfected subjects were tested for antibody to HIV-1 (anti-HIV-1) using a second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Abbott) an
Grankvist O; Gustafsson A; Bredberg-Raden U; Pallangyo K; Mhalu F; Biberfeld P; Biberfeld G; Wadell G; Department of Virology, University of Umea, Sweden.
In order to facilitate the detection of integrated HIV-1 proviral DNA from African as well as European patients, four new primer pairs for use in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), localised in the gag, pol, vif and env genes of HIV-1, were constructed. The primer pairs were compared to all accessible HIV-1 sequence
Siraprapasiri T; Thanprasertsuk S; Rodklay A; Srivanichakorn S; Sawanpanyalert P; Temtanarak J; Division of Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok,; Thailand.
The discovery of a 44% (44 out of 100) prevalence rate of HIV infection among female prostitutes working in brothels in Chiangmai in Thailand in June 1989, prompted this follow-up study in August to confirm the high prevalence rate and to look for risk factors for infection. We s
Molina JM; Belenfant X; Doco-Lecompte T; Idatte JM; Modai J; Department of Infectious Diseases, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris,; France.
Toxoplasma encephalitis is the most common opportunistic infection of the central nervous system in patients with AIDS. The treatment of choice is a combination of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine. We present here four patients with AIDS treated for toxoplasmic encephalitis who developed sulfadiazine-induced crystalluri
Telzak EE; Greenberg MS; Harrison J; Stoneburner RL; Schultz S; New York City Department of Health, New York.
The adequacy of treatment for syphilis has routinely been evaluated by the serological response, i.e. the rapid plasma reagin test (RPR). Since the description of AIDS and HIV aspects of both the natural history of syphilis and the response of Treponema pallidum to treatment have come under increased scrutiny. With co
Gairin JE; Madaule P; Traincard F; Barres E; Rossier J; Laboratoire de Physiologie Nerveuse, Centre National de la; Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
A cDNA clone corresponding to the gp41 gene fragment nucl. 7573-7730 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was selected from a random HIV-1 genomic library expressed in yeast. This clone encodes a 52-residue long peptide (amino acid (a.a.)) 591-642) bearing the major immunodominant domain (a.a. 598-609) o
Boto WM; Brown L; Chrest J; Adler WH; Department of Biology, City College, City University of New York,; New York 10031.
A family of structurally related macrocyclic lactones, bryostatins, have recently been shown to display several intriguing pharmacologic properties. Bryostatins are biosynthetic products of bryozoa phyllum of marine animals. To extend the analyses of the biological activities of these highly unusual biosynthetic anima
Gaztelurrutia L; Barron J; Zalacain R; Rubio G; Urra E; Sanchez I; Urzay L; Sainz de Rozas R; Servicios de Microbiologia y de Neumologia, Hospital de Cruces,; Vizcaya.
Bronchoalveolar washout was performed in 130 patients with pneumonia during a period of 28 months. Microbiological investigation involved common bacteria, Legionella, fungi, viruses (Cytomegalovirus, herpes, RSV), Mycobacterium, and Pneumocystis carinii. Infection HIV was present in 75% of patients. The remaining pati
Harrison GS; Maxwell F; Long CJ; Rosen CA; Glode LM; Maxwell IH; Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Health; Sciences Center, Denver 80262.
Expression of a gene encoding the diphtheria toxin A (DT-A) fragment, controlled by tissue specific regulatory elements, has previously been used to kill selected cell populations. Here, we have examined the feasibility of controlling DT-A expression using regulatory systems from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-
Sng EH; Thirumoorthy T; Levin A; Alexander S; Sng I; Blattner W; Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital.
Sera obtained in 1987 from 63 male and 632 female Singapore prostitutes were screened for antibody to human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV)-I with a particle agglutination test. Of the 3 males and 4 females who were positive one had antibody to HTLV-I core and envelope antigen on
Cerin A; Grillner L; Persson E; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Karolinska Hospital,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Forty-eight women with chlamydial cervicitis were followed with chlamydial culture and antigen tests (immunofluorescence and enzyme immunoassays) during the course of therapy to study the rate of disappearance of viable organisms and chlamydial antigen. On treatment day 2, two-thirds of the patients were positive by o
Claydon E; Murphy S; Osborne EM; Kitchen V; Smith JR; Harris JR; Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, St Mary's Hospital,; London, UK.
The risk of contracting HIV infection as a result of rape is unknown. We describe 4 female patients who were found to have antibodies to HIV-1 following rape, only one of whom had another recognized risk factor for HIV infection. The need for careful follow-up of rape victims, and the potential for HIV acquisition by
Kell PD; Barton SE; Summerbell CD; Lawrence AG; Genitourinary Medicine Clinics, St Stephen's Clinic, London, UK.
Ninety women who were HIV antibody positive attended the genitourinary medicine clinics of East Riverside up to May 1990. Seventy-five of these women (83%) were examined for co-existent sexually transmitted disease (STD) at presentation. The prevalence of STD in these women was compared to the incidence of STD in all
Sundararaj AS; Williams J; Deivam S; Gopinath R; Jesudoss A; Karuppasamy S; Ragupathy R; Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Raja Mirasudhar; Hospital Thanjavur, India.
Delabie J; De Wolf-Peeters C; Bobbaers H; Bilbe G; Desmet VJ; Laboratory of Histo- and Cytochemistry, K.U. Leuven, Belgium.
The present study reports a rare case of systemic M. scrofulaceum infection in an AIDS patient and analyses the inflammatory infiltrate in a lymph node by immunohistochemistry. Special emphasis is put on the histiocytes. The diffuse infiltrate consists mainly of large histiocytes that contain numerous bacilli. These c
Pepose JS; Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University School of; Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Infections of the eye with members of the herpes family of viruses (e.g. HSV, CMV , VZV) are frequent manifestations of acquired and inherited defects in cell mediated immunity. Herpesvirus infections in the immunocompromised may reflect frequent viral reactivati
Norelli GA; Mazzeo E; Mencarelli A; Ciancia A; Universita degli Studi di Perugia.
The Authors consider the forensic implications regarding the transmission of HIV to the orthodontic patient. First of all, the lesions of the oral cavity that require immediate diagnosis with foremost importance given to hygiene and prevention are examined. Secondly, the subject is considered of professional liability
Dev Med Child Neurol. 1991 Jun;33(6):535-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91323685
Schmitt B; Seeger J; Kreuz W; Enenkel S; Jacobi G; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Goethe Universitat,; Frankfurt, Germany.
The neurological findings in 41 HIV-seropositive children are described. 23 children were symptomatic, eight seropositive but without symptoms and 10 seropositive children less than 15 months of age had no other evidence of immunodeficiency. Acquired microcephaly, developmental regression and progressive motor deterio
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1991 Jun;42(6):615-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91323872
O'Dowd MA; Natali C; Orr D; McKegney FP; Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Yeshiva University-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467.
Demographic and clinical data were recorded for 324 patients who visited an AIDS-related psychiatric outpatient clinic over a three-year period. Seventy-five percent of the patients had a diagnosis of AIDS, AIDS-related complex, or asymptomatic HIV seropositivity. Intravenous drug use and heterosexual relations were t
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1991 Jun;42(6):619-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91323873
Prier RE; McNeil JG; Burge JR; Department of Psychiatry, Moncrief Army Community Hospital, Fort; Jackson, SC 29207.
To determine differences in inpatient psychiatric morbidity, a total of 573 soldiers seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were matched with 2,266 seronegative soldiers by age, sex, race, marital status, military rank, length of active service, military occupation, and date of HIV test. An HIV-infect
Nydegger UE; Castelli D; Central Laboratory of Hematology, Inseispital, Bern, Switzerland.
Thrombocytopenia as a complicating event in human immunodeficiency infection is a rather common hematological disorder and in many aspects resembles idiopathic(immune) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Consequently, treatment of severe cases is similar to treating ITP, but steroids should be administered with particular
Fust G; Ujhelyi E; Hidvegi T; Paloczi K; Mihalik R; Hollan S; Nagy K; Kirschfink M; National Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion,; Budapest, Hungary.
Different aspects of the relationship between the HIV infection and the complement system were studied. 1. No significant differences were found between seronegative controls, asymptomatic, and symptomatic (ARC, AIDS) HIV-seropositive patients in the plasma levels of complement components C4, Bf, and C3. 2. Using sens
To evaluate the usefulness of a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) recombinant p21E immunoassay as a supplementary test in HTLV-I/II serologic testing algorithms, we used this assay to test 378 serum samples previously categorized as positive, indeterminant, or negative for HTLV-I/II antibody, as defined
von Reyn CF; Hennigan S; Niemczyk S; Jacobs NJ; Department of Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New; Hampshire.
Concentrations of Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare ranging from 10(-1) to 10(3) CFU/ml were added to blood, placed in Isolator tubes, and held at room temperature for intervals ranging from 4 h to 56 days before being processed (centrifugation and culture on Middlebrook 7H10 agar). At all concentrations tested, M
Esiri MM; al Izzi MS; Reading MC; Department of Neuropathology, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford.
Immunohistochemical reactions for macrophages, microglia, and HLA-DR antigens were tested on frozen sections of necropsy brain tissue from 20 fetuses and infants ranging in age from 18 weeks gestation to 8 months post term. No primary central nervous system disease was present but there were four cases of sudden infa
Lindholm PF; Marriott SJ; Gitlin SD; Brady JN; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
A protocol which involves sequential ammonium sulfate precipitation and zinc chelate chromatography to purify the HTLV-I Tax1 protein expressed in E. coli is described. The final Tax1 product is greater than 90% pure and the yield is approximately 1 mg per liter of liquid culture. The purified Tax1 protein is biologic
Cobbs R; Pepper GM; Torres JG; Gruenspan HL; Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New; Hyde Park, New York.
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been associated with abnormalities of adrenocortical function, and hypoaldosteronism due to hyporeninaemic hypoaldosteronism (HHA). We here report the case of a woman with AIDS associated with orthostatic hypotension, persistent hyponatraemia and hyperkalaemia, in whom
Moore SM; Barling NR; Faculty of Education, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria,; Australia.
We postulated that among adolescents and young adults, the development of consistent and responsible attitudes with respect to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) precautions would follow a pattern similar to that of the development of a sense of identity. Late-adolescent trainee teachers and nurses (N = 262) we
Byrne TN; Bose A; Sze G; Waxman SG; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, CT 06510.
Syphilitic meningitis, which can occur near the time of secondary syphilis, is frequently asymptomatic. There has been one recent report of an HIV-positive patient who developed syphilitic polyradiculopathy following a recent history of secondary syphilis. We describe an HIV-negative woman in whom paraparesis occurred
French D; Mammarella S; Curia MC; Porrini AM; Giampietro A; Macor S; Lombardi V; Agliano AM; Manzari V; Lugaresi A; et al; Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Universita La Sapienza,; Rome, Italy.
We searched for evidence of infection by the human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in patients with multiple sclerosis (40 cases); brainstem encephalitis (1 case); Friedreich s ataxia (1 case); spastic paraparesis of unknown etiology (1 case). All patients were from the region of Abruzzo,
Guarino A; Tarallo L; Guandalini S; Troncone R; Albano F; Rubino A; Department of Pediatrics, University of Naples, Italy.
A longitudinal (10-22 month) evaluation of intestinal symptoms and function was performed in five children with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. All received cotrimoxazole, ketoconazole, and immunoglobulins. A search for enteric pathogens and intestinal function tests were repeatedly performed
Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1991 Mar;7(3):115-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91325295
Chang SJ; Ko YC; School of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan,; Republic of China.
A total of 7 cases were assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with an HIV-1 primer set matched the polymerase region. One homosexual man who was HIV-1 antibody negative was used as a negative control, the other cases included HIV-1 antibody positive asymptomatic, ARC and AIDS cases. The length of the amplified DN
Selenium deficiency is common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and may contribute to the development of cardiomyopathy. A 5-year-old boy with congenital human immunodeficiency virus infection developed cardiomyopathy. Evaluation for reversible causes of cardiomyopathy was notable for the diagnos
Sugisaki K; Nakazato O; Tsuda T; Okajima T; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Oita, Japan.
Pulmonary involvement in two autopsy cases with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) was observed histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Case 1 was a 59-year-old woman who fell ill after having a blood transfusion, and died immediately of acute heart failure. Case 2, a 55-year-old man, died of pelvic tumor after
Med Law. 1991;10(1):83-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91325855
Herbst MC; Department of Nursing Science, University of Venda, South Africa.
Individuals have to assume some responsibility for their own health. Governments do, however, have a duty to ensure that their citizens are armed with the necessary information and education. At present there appears to be a serious degree of ignorance about sexually transmitted disease in general and AIDS in particul
Hommes MJ; Romijn JA; Endert E; Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK; Sauerwein HP; Department of Endocrinology, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
To test whether clinically stable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, like other infections, is associated with insulin resistance and increased insulin clearance, we measured the sensitivity to insulin and insulin clearance using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique in 10 clinically stable outpatients wit
Med Hypotheses. 1991 Apr;34(4):338-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91325947
Rechavi G; Katzir N; Ramot B; Department of Haematology, Chaim Sheba Medical Centre,; Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
The epidemiologic findings of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) suggest that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is insufficient for the development of KS. It was speculated that another sexually transmitted infection is responsible for the markedly increa
Nature. 1991 Aug 15;352(6336):581-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91326094
Anderson RM; May RM; Boily MC; Garnett GP; Rowley JT; Department of Biology, Imperial College, London University, UK.
The spread of HIV-1 in Africa is examined here in the light of recent information on the main epidemiological and behavioural determinants of transmission. Mathematical models incorporating demographic, epidemiological and behavioural processes are used to assess the potential demographic impact of the disease AIDS. T
Bell IR; Jasnoski ML; Kagan J; King DS; Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital,; Belmont, Mass.
The possible association between depression and type I allergies (i.e. immunoglobulin E-mediated hay fever, asthma, eczema, hives) was examined in a nonclinical sample of 379 college students. Measures included self-reports of depression, tiredness, fearfulness, allergic disorders, and environmental allergens and irri
Perez Lopez A; Mazariegos Arana MA; Casahonda Esquinca JG; Durante Figueroa O; Cano Castellanos R; Universidad Autonoma de Chiapas, Mexico.
We investigated the HIV prevalence rate in 106 female prostitutes residing in Huixtla, State of Chiapas, which is a small town in the southeastern part of Mexico , from February of 1989 to January of 1990. We used an immunoenzymatic method (Serodia). The mean age was 35 years rangin
Wolff MJ; Bitran J; Northland RG; Levy IL; Department of Medicine, University of Chile School of Medicine,; Santiago.
Among 60 patients with AIDS seen at our institution, two had splenic abscesses due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis without pulmonary tuberculosis. In both cases splenic abscess was the first manifestation of AIDS; the patients had prolonged fever and had lost weight and experienced malaise; slight hepatomegaly was noted
Decker CF; Simon GL; DiGioia RA; Tuazon CU; Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, D.C.
Five patients with AIDS and Listeria monocytogenes infection (three cases of bacteremia and two of meningitis) are reviewed. Four patients had prior or concurrent gastrointestinal illness. Two patients received corticosteroids. A 7- to 21-day course of ampicillin was administered with or without a 7- to 14-day course
Sattar SA; Springthorpe VS; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
The possibility of contracting acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) through accidental or inapparent parenteral exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has raised concerns among recipients of blood products, health-care professionals, and others who have contact either with HIV or with AIDS patients. Along
Diamond RD; Section of Infectious Diseases, Evans Department of Clinical; Research, Boston, Massachusetts.
With the rapid increase in cases of AIDS over the past 10 years, certain mycoses have dramatically risen in frequency, particularly those contained by T cell-mediated mechanisms of host defense. In this clinical setting mucocutaneous candidiasis as well as systemic cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and
Rinaldi MG; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science; Center, San Antonio 78284-7750.
Invasive mycoses are escalating in frequency in contemporary medicine; most dramatic is the rise in the prevalence of opportunistic fungal infections among immunocompromised hosts. Despite increased awareness among physicians and greater mycologic acumen, morbidity and mortality remain substantial. In part, this situa
Sirera G; Romeu J; Clotet B; Velasco P; Arnal J; Rius F; Foz M; Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de Badalona Germans Trias i; Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.
A case of recurrent multisystemic infection due to Rhodococcus equi in a patient with antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but without AIDS is reported. This case, which occurred in a woman with a history of alcohol and drug abuse, is, to our knowledge, the first such case described. The infection involv
Gradon JD; Fricchione L; Sepkowitz D; Divisions of Infectious Diseases, Maimonides Medical Center,; Brooklyn, New York 11219.
A case of severe hypomagnesemia in a patient with AIDS that manifested as changes in mental status is presented. The hypomagnesemia was due to renal wasting of magnesium, most probably caused by pentamidine-induced renal tubular injury. This entity has been reported once before and should be considered in the differen
Research has brought full knowledge of the identity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its infective pathways. There are not enough diagnostic tools, however, to detect all HIV carriers in the first weeks and months after infection. This fact emphasizes that all patients should be assumed to be infectious f
Vernazza PL; Bodmer T; Galeazzi RL; Medizinische Klinik A, Kantonsspital St. Gallen.
We report the first case in the literature of human infection with Rhodococcus erythropolis in an HIV-positive patient. A 24-year-old bisexual flight attendant had severe HIV-associated immunodeficiency with a CD4 cell count of 0.02 G/l. He complained of multiple subcutaneous nodules at different sites on the extremit
West J Med. 1991 May;154(5):549-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91327655
Mukand JA; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
Patients at various stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection require rehabilitation services. These patients present problems for each of the disciplines in a rehabilitation team, and all team members must confront the psychosocial and ethical issues involved with the disease. Patients with HIV infection
Yu Y; Kamps CA; Yuen PH; Wong PK; University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville; 78957.
A temperature-sensitive mutant of the Moloney murine leukemia virus-TB, ts1, causes hindlimb paralysis and immunodeficiency in mice. At the restrictive temperature, the envelope precursor polyprotein, gPr80env, is inefficiently processed intracellularly, and this is associated with the neurovirulence of ts1. To test t
The data on the state of cell-mediated immunity in patients with AIDS-related complex are presented. The synthetic peptide of membrane protein gp120 of HIV-1 was shown to inhibit leukocyte adhesion in persons under examination, as well as to have the tendency towards inhibiting the chemotaxis of migratory cells. The m
The data on the presence of factors blocking the reaction of E-rosette formation and leukocyte chemotaxis in the blood sera of patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC) and HIV-positive donors are presented. Most frequently the blocking of E-rosette formation coincided with the presence of a inhibiting effect on the mi
In this work the mathematical model of the spread of AIDS pandemic over 5 regions of the world are presented. With the values of all parameters corresponding to the initial dynamics of the process the prognosis obtained with the use of this model is highly unfavorable. The program of mathematical modeling, developed i
Gallo P; Laverda AM; De Rossi A; Pagni S; Del Mistro A; Cogo P; Piccinno MG; Plebani A; Tavolato B; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Neurology, Interuniversity Center for Research on; Cancer, Padua, Italy.
Several immunological abnormalities were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected children. Intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins, free light chains (FLC), IL-1 beta, IL-6, and M-CSF were demonstrated both in asymptomatic children and children with subacute e
Hasui K; Second Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Faculty of; Medicine, Japan.
A study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of paraffin-immunohistochemistry for histopathological classification of non-Hodgkin s malignant lymphomas (NHML). the phenotypes of lymphoma cells and other cells were examined using 11 monoclonal and 3 polyclonal antibodies by the ABC method on paraffin-embedded tissu
Acta Med Port. 1991 Mar-Apr;4(2):64-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91328045
Teles L da C; Guerreiro D; Lourenco MH; Ferreira MO; Victorino RM; Fundacao N. S. do Bom Sucesso, Faculdade de Farmacia de; Lisboa.
A seroprevalence study of HIV1 and HIV2 infection in women attending a Family Planning and an Antenatal Clinic was done in an area of the city of Lisbon where 7% of the population is of African origin. The protocol of study was of non linked type although with the possibility of collecting a second sample of blood for
Acta Med Port. 1991 Mar-Apr;4(2):91-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91328051
Carneiro AV; Ferro J; Figueiredo C; Costa L; Campos J; de Padua F; Servico de Medicina IV, Hospital Universitario de Santa Maria,; Lisboa.
One of the neurologic complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection are cerebrovascular accidents. In HIV infected patients, ischemic strokes have been reported secondary to nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis and cerebral arteritis. We describe an unusual cause of stroke in HIV-1 infection: Herpes Zoster o
Fiore JR; Angarano G; Fico C; Monno L; Zimatore GB; Di Stefano M; Fracasso C; Pastore G; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, Italy.
Seven paired HIV-1 isolates from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMCs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of infected subjects at various stages of the disease were studied for their capacity to replicate in continuous cell lines (Molt-3 and U-937 cells) and to induce cytopathic effects in vitro. Obtained results indic
Am J Community Psychol. 1991 Apr;19(2):279-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91328093
Viney LL; Crooks L; Walker BM; Henry R; Department of Psychology, University of Wollongong, New South; Wales, Australia.
Addressed both the psychological frailness and strength in an AIDS-affected community. The gay community in Sydney, Australia , was represented by men who were seropositive (n = 60) and voluntary caregivers (n = 60). They were compared with two samples of men outside the gay comm
Am J Med. 1991 Aug;91(2):129-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91328199
Widrow CA; Kellie SM; Saltzman BR; Mathur-Wagh U; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, Mount Sinai; School of Medicine, City University of New York, New York 10003.
PURPOSE AND PATIENTS: Pyomyositis, a common disease in the tropics, is rare in the continental United States , with approximately 83 cases described in the literature in the past two decades. The occurrence of pyomyositis complicating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has bee
Gootenberg JE; Stewart CL; Vetro SW; Bellanti JA; Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of; Medicine, Washington, DC.
A renal transplant recipient developed evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and severe opportunistic infection 44 months after transplantation. A strikingly reduced dosage of pharmacologic immunosuppression was required to maintain renal graft function. This may be the result of impaired helper T-c
Ann Urol (Paris). 1991;25(3):146-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91328526
Asvesti C; Delmas V; Dauge-Geffroy MC; Grossin M; Boccon-Gibod L; Bocquet L; Service de Dermatologie, Hopital A. Sygrou, Athenes, Grece.
The authors report the case of a 26 year old man, in whom recurrent hematuria revealed the diagnosis of urethral condylomata with bladder extension, and HIV serology positive. This case reminds us that it is essential to search for immunodeficiency in every case of extensive or recurrent condylomata. The analysis of s
Bodsworth N; Cooper DA; Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney.
With more effective therapies and prophylaxis for HIV infection and its sequelae, survival is steadily improving. This article outlines some of these recent advances in therapy as well as the epidemiology, transmission and natural history of the infection. Prolonged survival and the trend towards earlier intervention
Agarwal RP; Mian AM; Department of Oncology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33136.
Chronic exposure of H9 cells to 25 microM zidovudine (H9- AZT cells) causes a 2- to 3-fold increase in thymidine kinase (TK) activity (Agarwal RP, Int J Purines Pyrimidine Res, in press). The present study compared thymidine (TdR) and AZT anabolism in
Ou CY; Moore JL; Schochetman G; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
UV irradiation provides a simple and efficient way to minimize contamination or false positivity which often occurs in laboratories performing routine PCR tests. Here, we characterize several parameters of the effect of UV irradiation on DNA template, primers, deoxynucleoside triphosphate and Taq polymerase. UV irradi
AIDS Clin Rev. 1991;:39-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91329252
Pierik LT; Murphy EL; University of California, San Francisco.
Although early reports of an etiological role of HTLV-I in AIDS are not supported by subsequent epidemiologic and biologic data, all AIDS specialists should be aware of the possible infection of AIDS risk group members with the HTLV viruses. In the United States , HTLV-II and HIV co-exi
AIDS Clin Rev. 1991;:97-107. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91329255
Tramont EC; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Walter Reed Army Medical; Center, Washington, D.C.
Because of the immunologic dysfunction of HIV-infected patients, concomitant infection with T. pallidum requires that maximal doses of appropriate antibiotics be given, and the expected falls in nontreponemal antibody titer cannot be relied upon to certify a cure. Genital ulcer disease appears to increase the risk of
Ann Oncol. 1991 Apr;2(4):289-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91329267
Roithmann S; Toledano M; Tourani JM; Raphael M; Gentilini M; Gastaut JA; Armengaud M; Morlat P; Tilly H; Dupont B; et al; Oncology-Hematology, Laennec Hospital, Paris.
From 1/87 to 12/89, the French Registry of HIV-associated tumors recorded 131 cases of intermediate- and high-grade non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL). There were 47 small non-cleaved Burkitt-type lymphomas (SNCL), 32 immunoblastic lymphomas (IL) and 52 diffuse large-cell or predominantly large-cell lymphomas (LCL). There
Biochemistry. 1991 Aug 13;30(32):8060-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91329382
Harper JW; Logsdon NJ; Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College; of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030.
Substantial evidence indicates that HIV-1 trans-activation by tat protein is mediated through the TAR RNA element. This RNA forms a stem-loop structure containing a three-nucleotide bulge and a six-nucleotide loop. Previous mutagenic analysis of TAR indicates that the bulge residues and a 4 bp segment of the stem cons
Since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) has been the most prevalent opportunistic infection diagnosed in people with AIDS. After a decade of care and research, significant progress has been achieved not only in treating PCP but also in preventing it. Concomitantly, new problems h
A support group for nurses who care for patients with AIDS has been meeting at a major teaching hospital in New York City for the past year. The authors believe its success has been determined by three components: the group s ability to first, express feelings; second, do a needs assessment and plan programs to meet t
With heightened awareness that healthcare professionals may be a potential source of infection for the human immunodeficiency virus, calls for serial, mandatory testing and reporting are increasing. Fear and hysteria are particularly noticeable in rural settings, which are only now experiencing marked increases in the
Minkoff HL; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, SUNY-Health Science; Center, Brooklyn 11203-2098.
The STDs threaten the reproductive health of women in many ways, ranging from premature births through congenital infections and death. An understanding of the natural history of these diseases permits timely interventions which can mitigate the perinatal damage caused by these infections substantially. Ideally, prima
Dan Med Bull. 1991 Jun;38(3):285-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91330695
Foldspang A; Hedegaard M; AIDS Research Group of Aarhus.
During a three-month period in 1989, 820 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark , were offered a HIV-antibody test and asked to fill out an anonymous questionnaire about attitudes to
Stahmer I; Zimmer JP; Ernst M; Fenner T; Finnern R; Schmitz H; Flad HD; Gerdes J; Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Department of Immunology and Cell; Biology, FRG.
Immunohistological and electron microscopy studies of lymph nodes from patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) demonstrated that follicular dendritic cells (FDC), the antigen-presenting cells of the B cell system, contain and may produce the virus. To elucidate the mode of infection of FDC wi
Remacha AF; Riera A; Cadafalch J; Gimferrer E; Hematology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau,; Barcelona, Spain.
A prospective study of 60 consecutively admitted patients with HIV infection was performed to document the prevalence, etiology and manifestations of low serum vitamin B-12 in such patients. Low serum B-12 levels were found in 10 patients (16.7%). In 6, vitamin B-12 absorption was impaired and hog intrinsic factor add
FASEB J. 1991 Aug;5(11):2582-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91331217
Zhou D; Munster A; Winchurch RA; Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224.
Interleukin 6 levels are increased in a variety of clinical conditions including bacterial and viral infections, HIV infection, autoimmune diseases, certain neoplasias, and traumatic injury. In general, all these conditions are characterized by suppression of one or more manifestations of the immune response. Concentr
FASEB J. 1991 Aug;5(11):2606-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91331221
Hui KY; Manetta JV; Gygi T; Bowdon BJ; Keith KA; Shannon WM; Lai MH; Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center,; Indianapolis, Indiana 46285.
Synthetic peptides described as dog renin inhibitors were found to effectively inhibit the aspartyl protease of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The selection of oligopeptides for the HIV protease inhibition study was based on 1) the current strategy of inhibiting aspartyl proteases with transition state analogs, a
Schwartz LB; Carcangiu ML; Bradham L; Schwartz PE; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale-New Haven Hospital,; Connecticut 06510.
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been characterized by aggressive malignancies and infections with unusual presentations. There is a well-documented association between cervical dysplasia and the development of cervical carcinoma, and more recent evidence of an association between cervical dysplasia
Kornblau SM; Goodacre A; Cabanillas F; Department of Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson; Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
Tumour cell karyotypes from patients with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) or Burkitt s type leukemia (ALL3) were studied for correlation with survival, bone marrow and cerebral spinal fluid involvement (CSF), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology, and for recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities. The records of 22 patients wit
Layton GT; Johnston SC; Bertwistle NG; Research and Development Laboratories, Medical Innovations Ltd,; Labrador, Qld, Australia.
The effects were investigated of two pretreatments of human serum and plasma test samples on their subsequent reactivity in the anticardiolipin antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ACA-ELISA). The first treatment involved heat inactivation of test samples at 56 degrees C for 30 min, a process sometimes used to
Piatier-Tonneau D; Gastinel LN; Amblard F; Wojcik M; Vaigot P; Auffray C; Institut d'Embryologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire, CNRS, College; de France, Nogent-sur-Marne.
We have developed a cellular adhesion assay in which B lymphocytes expressing HLA class II antigens form rosettes with COS cells expressing high levels of cell surface CD4 upon transient transfection with a CDM8-CD4 plasmid construct. The assay is specific, quantitative, and overcomes the difficulties encountered with
Head Neck. 1991 Jul-Aug;13(4):355-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91331840
Goldstein J; Rubin J; Becker N; Moser F; Silverstein M; Davis L; Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
A 27-year-old woman with a history of intravenous drug abuse presented with a stage IE, diffuse, large cell lymphoma of the right maxillary sinus. A test for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus was positive. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy and local maxillary sinus irradiation which resul
Blauvelt A; Nahass GT; Pardo RJ; Kerdel FA; Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of; Miami School of Medicine, FL 33136.
Many cutaneous diseases have been reported in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. We report two patients with pityriasis rubra pilaris and human immunodeficiency virus infection. In one patient, the onset of pityriasis rubra pilaris preceded the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus infection. In
Kaspar TA; Wagner RF Jr; Dermatology Department, University of Texas Medical Branch,; Galveston 77550.
An anonymous survey was conducted among 100 randomly selected fellows of the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery. Forty-one respondents provided information about their experience with percutaneous injury. Causes of injury during 6278 invasive procedures performed during a 1-month period included suture needlest
Jaffe D; May LP; Sanchez M; Moy J; Case Western Reserve Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
The cases of three HIV-positive men with generalized psoriasis and staphylococcal sepsis are reported. In each case the skin appeared to be the source of infection. While the patients received antibiotic therapy, the psoriatic plaques resolved despite minimal or no topical treatment.
Ronald A; Plummer F; Ngugi E; Ndinya-Achola JO; Piot P; Kreiss J; Brunham R; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Microbiology,; University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Since 1980, Canadian, Belgian, and American scientists have been working together with colleagues in Kenya to understand the epidemiology and biology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Africa. The rapid spread of human immunodeficiency virus has dramatically increased the im
In vitro-differentiated monocytes can be infected with the monocytotropic isolate of HIV-1/ADA. The infection is characterized by formation of giant cells and production of virus that can be found in cell supernatants or cell-associated. In this study, we demonstrate that the above described parameters of infection ca
J Immunol. 1991 Aug 15;147(4):1439-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91332462
Brubaker JO; Chong KT; Welsh RM; Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical; Center, Worcester 01655.
A 4-h in vivo cytotoxicity assay was used to study the fate of implanted IL-2-generated, lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells in mice undergoing an activated NK cell response. 125Iododeoxyuridine-labeled LAK cells were rejected from selected organs of C57BL/6 mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or
Yanagihara R; Nerukar VR; Ajdukiewicz AB; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Strains of human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) isolated from T cell lines (SI-1, SI-3, and SI-5) from three individuals in separate regions of the Solomon Islands were compared with a variant (PNG-1) isolated from a healthy p
Colebunders R; Ryder R; Francis H; Nekwei W; Bahwe Y; Lebughe I; Ndilu M; Vercauteren G; Nseka K; Perriens J; et al; Project SIDA, Department of Public Health, Kinshasa, Zaire.
To evaluate the consequences of receiving human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive blood, 90 HIV-1-seronegative recipients of HIV-1-seropositive blood (case patients) and 90 HIV-1-seronegative recipients of HIV-1-seronegative blood, matched for age, sex, number of transfusions, diagnosis, and severity
Nelson KE; Vlahov D; Cohn S; Odunmbaku M; Lindsay A; Antohony JC; Hook EW 3d; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
The association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity and a history of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), evidence of STDs on physical examination, and sexual and drug use practices was studied in a population of 2921 intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in Baltimore during 1988 and 1989. Overall, 24.
Krieger JN; Coombs RW; Collier AC; Koehler JK; Ross SO; Chaloupka K; Murphy VL; Corey L; Department of Urology, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle 98195.
The effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection on semen parameters that assess fertility was investigated in 50 semen specimens from 21 asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic HIV-seropositive men and 3 specimens from 3 men with AIDS. HIV was isolated from 15 (30%) of 50 specimens from asymptomatic or
Moss GB; Clemetson D; D'Costa L; Plummer FA; Ndinya-Achola JO; Reilly M; Holmes KK; Piot P; Maitha GM; Hillier SL; et al; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle.
To identify risk factors involved in heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a cross-sectional study of HIV-seropositive men and their spouses was conducted in Nairobi, Kenya . Of 70 spouses, 40 (57%) were seropositive and 30 (43%) were seronegative for HIV.
Masdeu JC; Yudd A; Van Heertum RL; Grundman M; Hriso E; O'Connell RA; Luck D; Camli U; King LN; Department of Neurology, St. Vincent's Medical Center, New York,; NY 10011.
Depression or psychosis in a previously asymptomatic individual infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be psychogenic, related to brain involvement by the HIV or both. Although prognosis and treatment differ depending on etiology, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are usua
Lamont C; Culp P; Talbott RL; Phillips TR; Trauger RJ; Frankel WN; Wilson MC; Coffin JM; Elder JH; Department of Molecular Biology, Research Foundation of Scripps; Clinic, La Jolla, California 92037.
As an approach to evaluating the contribution of classes of endogenous viral sequences to leukemogenesis, a genomic library was prepared from the highly tumorigenic AKR SL12.3 cell line and screened for env-containing proviruses. An extensive battery of virus-derived probes and specific oligonucleotide probes were use
Vink C; van Gent DC; Elgersma Y; Plasterk RH; Division of Molecular Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute,; Amsterdam.
Retroviral integration requires cis-acting sequences at the termini of linear double-stranded viral DNA and a product of the retroviral pol gene, the integrase protein (IN). IN is required and sufficient for generation of recessed 3 termini of the viral DNA (the first step in proviral integration) and for integration
McKeating J; Balfe P; Clapham P; Weiss RA; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
Variants of molecularly cloned human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were analyzed following selection for the ability to replicate after exposure to soluble, recombinant CD4 protein (rCD4). Two variants, 4/1 and 16/2, show 8-fold and 16-fold reduced sensitivity to rCD4 neutralization yet remain as sensitive as
Fultz PN; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
A variant of simian immunodeficiency virus from sooty mangabey monkeys (SIVsmm), termed SIVsmmPBj14, was previously identified and shown to induce acute disease and death within 1 to 2 weeks of inoculation of pig-tailed macaques and mangabey monkeys (P. N. Fultz, H. M. McClure, D. C. Anderson, and W. M. Switzer, AIDS
Bengal E; Aloni Y; Department of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Weizmann Institute; of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
It has previously been shown that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) trans-activation-responsive region (TAR) is contained in a stem-loop RNA structure. Moreover, the interaction of the RNA secondary structure with Tat, the trans-activator protein, seems to play a role in activation of transcription initi
Thali M; Olshevsky U; Furman C; Gabuzda D; Li J; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts.
Mutant gp120 glycoproteins exhibiting a range of affinities for CD4 were tested for ability to form syncytia and to complement an env-defective provirus for replication. Surprisingly, gp120 mutants that efficiently induced syncytia and/or complemented virus replication were identified that exhibited marked (up to 50-f
Hoxie JA; Brass LF; Pletcher CH; Haggarty BS; Hahn BH; Hematology-Oncology Section, Hospital of the University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
Naturally occurring isolates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been described which are deficient in their ability to fuse with and kill CD4+ target cells. Although the molecular basis for their attenuation has not yet been defined, several lines of evidence point toward the viral envelope gene as a key deter
Park J; Morrow CD; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
The expression of the gag-pol polyprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) occurs via ribosomal frameshifting between the gag and pol genes. Because low levels of the gag-pol precursor are naturally produced in HIV-1-infected cells, a limited amount of information is available on the biology of this mole
Rotheram-Borus MJ; Koopman C; Haignere C; Davies M; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Division of Child; Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY.
OBJECTIVE. Reductions in runaways sexual risk behaviors were evaluated in response to an intensive program to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN. In a nonrandomized control trial, sexual risk behaviors among 78 runaways at one residential she
During 1990 and 1991, outbreaks of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in four hospitals (one in Miami and three in New York City) were investigated by CDC in collaboration with the reporting hospitals and state and local health departments. This report summarizes preliminary findings of the investigations and r
Since 1982, high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHLs) have been reported among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (1); in 1985, CDC revised the surveillance case definition for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to include certain high-grade NHLs. Recent surveillance findings indic
Forghani B; Hurst JW; Shell GR; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California State; Department of Health Services, Berkeley 94704.
A non-radiolabelled DNA probe was developed for detection of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Primers amplifying a 395 base pair segment of a portion of the polymerase region of the HIV-1 genome were used both to amplify sample target DNA and
Bluestein DA; Archer LR; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Eastern Virginia; School of Nursing, Norfolk.
Nurse practitioners and other clinicians use laboratory studies and ancillary tests to confirm or rule out suspected conditions. Deciding which tests to use and interpreting results are essential to the practice of high-quality, cost-effective primary care. A working knowledge of test characteristics and performance f
Mallory SB; Division of Pediatric Dermatology, St. Louis Children's Hospital,; Missouri.
Skin disorders are commonly seen in the neonatal period. A recent survey of neonates demonstrated that almost every neonate had some skin lesion. The most common skin findings are desquamation, Epstein s pearls, sebaceous hyperplasia, milia, toxic erythema, salmon patch, hypertrichosis, and Mongolian spot. In addition
Prose NS; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Children with HIV infection may develop a wide variety of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the skin. These disorders are often more severe and more difficult to treat than in the healthy child. In some cases, disorders of the skin or mucous membranes may provide an early clue to the presence of pediatric HIV in
Vincent-Ballereau FN; Patey ON; Lafaix C; Pharmacie CHRU, Nantes, France.
Fluconazole is a novel triazole antifungal drug chiefly used in the treatment of opportunistic mycoses in immuno-compromised patients, particularly those with the acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS). In comparison with other antifungal drugs, fluconazole has outstanding physical and pharmacokinetic properties,
Wiltink EH; Janknegt R; Department of Pharmacy, University of Medical Centre, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
There are only a limited number of effective, non-toxic antiviral drugs for clinical use, whereas there is a great need for such drugs. Especially for the treatment of patients infected with the human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) anti-HIV drugs are required. At the same time viral infections secondary to AIDS cannot
Ernst FA; Francis RA; Nevels H; Collipp D; Lewis A; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Meharry Medical; College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208.
METHODS. In the context of an epidemiological investigation of AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices, 2,006 employees of the Tennessee Mental Health and Mental Retardation residential facilities were surveyed to test the hypothesis that blacks have been differentially sensitized to their disproportionate le
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 15;88(16):7056-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91334404
Ashkenazi A; Smith DH; Marsters SA; Riddle L; Gregory TJ; Ho DD; Capon DJ; Department of Immunobiology, Genentech, Inc., South San; Francisco, CA 94080.
The infection of human cells by laboratory strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be blocked readily in vitro by recombinant soluble CD4 and CD4-immunoglobulin hybrid molecules. In contrast, infection by primary isolates of HIV-1 is much less sensitive to blocking in vitro by soluble CD4-based mole
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 15;88(16):7126-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91334418
Shafferman A; Jahrling PB; Benveniste RE; Lewis MG; Phipps TJ; Eden-McCutchan F; Sadoff J; Eddy GA; Burke DS; Department of Biochemistry, Israel Institute of Biological; Research, Ness-Ziona.
This report describes the vaccination of rhesus macaques with peptides selected from regions of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope that are hydrophilic, immunoreactive, and highly homologous with corresponding conserved envelope sequences of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The peptides, produced
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 15;88(16):7131-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91334419
Bhat S; Spitalnik SL; Gonzalez-Scarano F; Silberberg DH; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Medical; Center, Philadelphia 19104.
This report demonstrates that galactosyl ceramide (GalCer) or a molecule derived from it may serve as an alternative receptor for human immunodeficiency virus in the nervous system. Recombinant gp120, an envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, specifically binds to GalCer and its derivatives. Thi
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 15;88(16):7145-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91334422
Unge T; Solomin L; Mellini M; Derse D; Felber BK; Pavlakis GN; Human Retrovirus Section, Program Resources, Inc., Frederick, MD.
The Rex protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was expressed in bacteria and partially purified. Rex was shown to bind in vitro specifically to an RNA sequence located in the 3 long terminal repeat of HTLV-I, named Rex-responsive element (RXRE). Rex also bound in vitro to the human immunodeficiency vi
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 15;88(16):7276-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91334448
Holland PM; Abramson RD; Watson R; Gelfand DH; Cetus Corporation, PCR Division, Emeryville, CA 94608.
The 5 ----3 exonuclease activity of the thermostable enzyme Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase may be employed in a polymerase chain reaction product detection system to generate a specific detectable signal concomitantly with amplification. An oligonucleotide probe, nonextendable at the 3 end, labeled at the 5 end,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 15;88(16):7303-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91334454
Sioud M; Drlica K; Public Health Research Institute, New York, NY 10016.
Ribozymes are potentially very powerful agents for perturbing intracellular gene expression. However, pilot experiments in eukaryotes have met with mixed success. We now report that a ribozyme designed to cleave the integrase gene of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), when transcribed from a plasmid in Escherichi
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 15;88(16):7366-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91334466
Heaphy S; Finch JT; Gait MJ; Karn J; Singh M; Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology,; Cambridge, United Kingdom.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 rev protein binds with high affinity (Kd less than 1-3 nM) to a purine-rich bubble containing bulged GG and GUA residues on either side of a double-helical RNA stem-loop located toward the 5 end of rev-response element RNA. High-affinity rev binding is maintained when the bubbl
Naidich DP; McGuinness G; Department of Radiology, New York University Medical; Center-Bellevue Hospital, New York.
To date, few reports have attempted to correlate plain radiographic findings with computed tomography (CT) in assessing pulmonary disease in patients who have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This report focuses on the most common pulmonary manifestations, with particular emphasis placed on those entities fo
Campbell CA; Department of Sociology, California State University, Long Beach; 90840.
Although considerable attention has been placed on the role of prostitutes in the AIDS epidemic, little attention has been directed to features of prostitutes work lives which are relevant to the control of AIDS. This article reviews several aspects of prostitution in the United States
Thromb Haemost. 1991 May 6;65(5):478-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91335382
Ferrer-Le-Coeur F; Mariotti M; Hivert P; Satre EP; Bouchardeau F; Courouce AM; Rouger P; Lefrere JJ; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
We prospectively studied a well-characterized cohort including 60 seronegative hemophiliacs or von Willebrand s disease patients, 6 seronegative female sexual partners of seropositive hemophiliacs, 59 seropositive hemophiliacs or von Willebrand s disease patients and 2 seropositive partners of seropositive hemophiliac
De Rossi A; Pasti M; Mammano F; Panozzo M; Dettin M; Di Bello C; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, Interuniversity Center for Cancer; Research, Padova, Italy.
The principal neutralizing domain (PND) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) is mapped to a 24-amino acid sequence located in the hypervariable V3 region of the viral envelope protein. The PND of HIV-1 isolates from infected individuals corresponds mostly to that of the HIV-1 MN strain. We found that a pepti
Willey RL; Klimkait T; Frucht DM; Bonifacino JS; Martin MA; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Intracellular transport and processing of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope precursor polyprotein, gp160, proceeds via the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi complex. We examined gp160 processing during the production of HIV-1 virions in transfected HeLa cells using wild-type and env mutant pr
Royer M; Cerutti M; Gay B; Hong SS; Devauchelle G; Boulanger P; Laboratoire de Virologie & Pathogenese Moleculaires, Institut; de Biologie, Faculte de Medecine, Montpellier, France.
Seven recombinants of AcNPV harboring various forms of complete or truncated gag gene from HIV-1 were constructed to determine which functional domains of the gag polyprotein are implicated in its self-assembly and cellular localization. The p6 carboxy-terminal portion of the p15 NCgag domain appeared to be dispensabl
Women Health. 1991;17(2):105-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91335798
Viadro CI; Earp JA; Population Council, New York, NY 10017.
Attitudes and perceptions about health, AIDS, and the need for AIDS education were explored among inmates in a women s prison in the southeastern U.S. Forty short-term inmates participated in a series of focus group interviews. A separate sample of sixteen women completed a 103-item questionnaire. Focus group particip
The results of screening more than 23,000 serum samples from persons belonging to risk groups, as well as those not belonging to such groups, in Moscow, Vilnius and Klaipeda are presented. Screening was carried out with the use of an assay system manufactured by the Scientific and Industrial Amalgamation Antigen (USSR
Anal Biochem. 1991 Mar 2;193(2):280-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91336529
Broadhurst AV; Roberts NA; Ritchie AJ; Handa BK; Kay C; Department of Chemotherapy Biology, Roche Products Ltd., Welwyn; Garden City, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
A colorimetric assay for HIV proteinase using small protected peptide substrates is described. Substrates are cleaved to release N-terminal prolyl peptides which react with isatin to form a blue product which is measured spectrophotometrically. The assay is suitable for use with pure enzyme or crude extracts derived f
Herwaldt LA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of; Medicine, Iowa City.
Although there is increased awareness among physicians regarding their role in protecting adults against vaccine-preventable diseases, many physicians are unaware that adults develop pertussis. Studies of adults with prolonged cough have found that 20% to 25% have serologic evidence of recent pertussis infection. Inve
Sumaya CV; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science; Center, San Antonio.
Current data indicate that there are a number of infectious diseases, ie, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus infections, cysticercosis, hepatitis A, syphilis, tuberculosis, and typhoid fever, among others that cause disproportionately increased morbidity in Hispanics. The greater rate of p
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Aug 15;178(3):1226-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337064
Kubota S; Nosaka T; Furuta R; Maki M; Hatanaka M; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
A nucleolar localizing rev gene mutant M10 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) lost a Rev function completely, instead, gained a Rex activity of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The obtained compatibility between Rev M10 and Rex with their own nucleolar targeting signal (NOS) suggests a common m
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Aug 15;178(3):892-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337118
Daube H; Billich A; Mann K; Schramm HJ; Max-Planck-Institut fur Biochemie, Martinsried bei Munchen,; Germany.
Phosphorylase kinase and calcium-free calmodulin are digested by human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease. In phosphorylase kinase, the alpha subunit is preferentially hydrolyzed at arg748-val749. The beta subunit is cleaved only slowly at leu678-pro679, and calmodulin, the integral delta subunit of phosphorylase kinas
The present article describes a pseudotumor of the hypopharynx, and deteriorating breathing and swallowing in a 72-year-old man. The pseudotumor was due to advanced HIV-infection and is the first such case to be described. Additionally, the article reviews the literature concerning otorhinolaryngeal diseases as primar
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 May;7(5):425-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337528
Kurth R; Binninger D; Ennen J; Denner J; Hartung S; Norley S; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Despite intense efforts worldwide, using state-of-the-art methods and techniques and despite ever-increasing knowledge about the molecular and structural make-up of HIV, a practical vaccine against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has yet to be developed. The increasing use of recombinant DNA techniques and s
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 May;7(5):447-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337530
Dumas M; Houinato D; Verdier M; Zohoun T; Josse R; Bonis J; Zohoun I; Massougbodji A; Denis F; Institut d'Epidemiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie; Tropicale, Faculte de Medecine, Limoges, France.
In 1988-1989, a national survey was conducted in Benin to determine the distribution of HTLV-I infection in a representative sample of adult individuals. This study comprised 2625 healthy subjects recruited in the six provinces of Benin and 1300 blood donors from Cotonou and from th
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 May;7(5):453-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337531
Chen YM; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
To understand the pathogenic potential and the true extent of human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II) infection, it is important to develop a specific HTLV-II antigen-based serological test. Plasmid pIIB was constructed and induced in Escherichia coli to express a recombinant protein (RP) containing 140 amino ac
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 May;7(5):465-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337533
Melendez-Guerrero LM; Nicholson JK; McDougal JS; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, GA.
Major laboratory manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) include altered levels of circulating CD4+ lymphocytes and decreased in vitro T-cell mitogenic responses. Since T-cell proliferation is regulated by monocytes (M phi), studies were undertaken t
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 May;7(5):475-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337534
Ross EK; Fuerst TR; Orenstein JM; O'Neill T; Martin MA; Venkatesan S; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD.
The vaccinia virus expression system was used to determine the role of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease in viral morphogenesis and maturation. The unprocessed p55 gag precursor polyprotein alone was assembled to form HIV-1 particles which budded from cells. The particles were spherical and immature
Felix DH; Wray D; Smith GL; Jones GA; Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, University of; Edinburgh.
Oral lesions have been reported frequently in patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. A case is reported of HIV-associated periodontitis complicated by necrotising stomatitis and the development of an oro-antral fistula; the role of extractions in the management of this condition is highlighted.
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Summer;3(2):100-17. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337608
Berrier J; Sperling R; Preisinger J; Evans V; Mason J; Walther V; Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of OBS/GYN and; Reproductive Science, New York, NY 10029.
An HIV/AIDS education and counseling program was integrated into the routine medical care of women attending the prenatal clinic of a major urban, inner-city, teaching hospital that serves mostly indigent minority women in an area hard hit by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Pre- and post-intervention questionnaires were admini
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Summer;3(2):118-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337609
Mason J; Preisinger J; Sperling R; Walther V; Berrier J; Evans V; Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Social Work Services; New York, NY 10029.
This article reports how a prenatal clinic in a major urban teaching hospital has developed and integrated an HIV education and counseling program into routine prenatal care. The patient population served are predominantly minority women living in an inner-city community that has been disproportionately affected by th
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Summer;3(2):124-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337610
Simon MS; Weyant RJ; Asabigi KN; Zucker L; Koopman JS; School of Public Health, Dept. of Epidemiology, University of; Michigan, Ann Arbor.
The intention to treat HIV-infected persons and correlates of those intentions were examined in a cross-sectional sample of 1st- and 2nd-year medical students (n = 201). An anonymous questionnaire measured knowledge of HIV transmission, intention to provide medical care to HIV-infected persons, comfort in performing a
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Summer;3(2):133-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337611
Osteria T; Sullivan G; Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Pasir Panjang, Singapore.
This paper examines the impact of cultural values and government policies on the content of AIDS educational literature prepared by public health agencies in Malaysia and the Philippines . The literature from these countries, which has bee
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Summer;3(2):164-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337613
Bell NK; Department of Philosophy, University of South Carolina, Columbia; 29208.
No one denies that the face of AIDS (the AIDS profile) is changing, and it is clear that we are entering a new phase in our understanding of this disease. As the AIDS profile changes, however, we are seeing a change in attitudes about prevention. In this stage of the epidemic there seems to be a move toward adopting m
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Summer;3(2):79-89. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337614
Harrison DF; Wambach KG; Byers JB; Imershein AW; Levine P; Maddox K; Quadagno DM; Fordyce ML; Jones MA; School of Social Work, Florida State University, Tallahassee; 32306.
This article reports results from a survey of women at risk for HIV infection. The sample (n = 620) included black (50.6%), white (28.7%), Hispanic (13.4%), and Haitian (5.0%) adult women from south Florida. Data concerning their AIDS knowledge, prevalence of risk behaviors, and perceived vulnerability are presented.
AIDS Educ Prev. 1991 Summer;3(2):90-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337615
Duke SI; Omi J; NYCDOH, Division of AIDS Program Services, NY 10013.
The New York City Department of Health (NYCDOH) has developed a comprehensive, empowering, and educational booklet for women in response to (1) the rapid increase in AIDS among women; (2) the lack of woman-specific, current, language-appropriate literature; and (3) the need to address the multitude of direct and indir
Cancer Causes Control. 1991 Jan;2(1):37-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91338394
Mueller N; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
It has been 10 years since the discovery of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), the first human retrovirus. During the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the transmission of the virus and defining its geographic distribution. It has been shown conclusively that HTLV-I is
Cancer Causes Control. 1991 Mar;2(2):75-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91338402
Tokudome S; Maeda Y; Fukada K; Teshima D; Asakura T; Sueoka E; Motomura Y; Kusumoto Y; Imamura Y; Kiyokawa T; et al; Department of Community Health Science, Saga Medical School,; Japan.
We examined mortality from adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL/ATLL) and other diseases alleged to be associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) among anti-HTLV-I antibody-positive blood donors in Kyushu, Japan . During 1984-87, a total of 3,991 blood donors aged 40 y
Maeda H; Matsushita S; Eda Y; Kimachi K; Tokiyoshi S; Bendig MM; Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan.
Mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) 0.5 beta binds to the envelope protein gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and neutralizes infection by HIV in vitro. Mouse mAb 0.5 beta, therefore, has potential as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Since mouse mA
Since nurses play a pivotal role in many aspects of healthcare delivery, their knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in relation to AIDS are crucial. A descriptive study was done to discover the AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and behavior among registered nurses who practice in a hospital setting, and to describe the
This article addresses ethical and legal issues related to the HIV epidemic. The author discusses individual and utilitarian schools of philosophy, and identifies philosophical issues in relationship to the stage of HIV infection that the client is experiencing. Prevention strategies and nursing interventions for thre
Fear of contagion--an overwhelming anxiety about catching a disease--has been reported among a variety of healthcare workers as a common response to AIDS. This survey assessed the availability of home health aides to meet the predicted increases in demand for home health care to persons living with AIDS. The findings
In an effort to measure both fear of HIV/AIDS contagion and possible co-factors, two cohorts (n = 331) of incoming graduate level nursing students were surveyed during two consecutive academic years. All completed a Risk Perception Scale and an AIDS Attitude Scale; additionally, 118 completed an AIDS Knowledge Scale.
Porta F; Bongiorno M; Locatelli F; Gibardi A; Lanfranchi A; Rosso R; Paulli M; Nespoli L; Burgio GR; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico; S. Matteo, Italy.
A case of Kaposi s sarcoma in a child with no serologic evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is reported. A 7-year-old boy with Stage IV non-Hodgkin s lymphoma , after conventional chemotherapy, underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Five months
Farthing C; Department of Medicine, NYU Medical Center, New York.
AIDS has been a recognized clinical entity now for just 10 years. In that time in the United States alone, it is estimated that 1 to 2 million people may be infected with HIV. Estimates of numbers infected worldwide are as high as 10 million. Over these 10 years, considerable progress
Tramont EC; Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences Medical School,; Bethesda, Maryland.
HIV is a complex retrovirus. Like some other viruses it infects host cells for life, but unlike other viruses it appears to do so every time. Its elaborate genetic regulation enables it to remain relatively dormant, replicating steadily but slowly. On appropriate stimulation, it is capable of explosive up-regulation,
Baker JR Jr; Leigh T; Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center,; Ann Arbor.
In summary, the understanding of the pathogenesis of immune dysfunction in HIV infection is incomplete. New mechanisms by which HIV disrupts the immune system through alterations in basic biochemical events in CD4 T cells are continually being discovered. In a positive light, because of the complexity involved in HIV-
Kalter DC; Gendelman HE; Meltzer MS; Division of Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC.
Cells of the immune system are the target of infection with HIV. CD4 + T cells latently carry much of the viral burden in the blood and ultimately are depleted by infection with HIV. In contrast, infected tissue macrophages are long-lived and may serve as a viral reservoir. They are productive of relatively greater qu
Michael NL; Burke DS; Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC.
The natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is marked by a progressive deterioration of the host immune system and a concomitant increase in host viral burden. The rationale for major HIV disease staging systems is discussed in light of this natural history. The need for early diagnosis and tre
Brundage JF; Department of Epidemiology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC.
HIV-1 disease has been recognized as a distinct clinical entity for fewer than 10 years. Yet during that time, the virus has spread around the world and affects people of virtually all ages, genders, sexual behaviors, and geographic regions. In the United States , there have been more t
Berger TG; Greene I; Department of Dermatology, San Francisco General Hospital,; California.
Infectious complications are the most common cutaneous manifestations of HIV infection. In this article, the bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections seen in HIV-infected patients are described and illustrated. The relation of these infections to the overall health of the patient and current therapies that h
Hicks CB; Infectious Disease Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center,; Washington, DC.
The management of an HIV-infected patient with syphilis is an evolving and difficult area of clinical medicine. Many such patients initially present with dermatologic problems, and the practicing dermatologist must be alert to the variety of presentations syphilis may take in these patients. The role of biopsy with im
Schwartz JJ; Dias BM; Safai B; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, New York.
Since the recognition of Kaposi s sarcoma as a manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, subsequent malignancies such as non-Hodgkin s B-cell lymphoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma have been found to be associated with individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The e
Greenspan D; Greenspan JS; Department of Stomatology, University of California, San; Francisco School of Dentistry.
Oral lesions are frequently seen in association with all stages of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Many of these lesions occur as the first clinical sign of HIV infection. These lesions include candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, warts, ulcers, and an aggressive form of periodontal disease. Careful
Duvic M; University of Texas Medical School, Houston.
Papulosquamous eruptions are the most frequently seen cutaneous manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Especially common and useful in making a diagnosis of HIV infection are seborrheic dermatitis, xerosis or ichthyosis, and a pruritic or papular eruption. There is some evidence from transgeni
Prose NS; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
The vast majority of children with infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) develop some form of mucocutaneous disease during the course of their illness. Candidal, fungal, bacterial, and viral infections of the skin and mucous membranes tend to be more severe and less responsive to therapy than in the he
Smith KJ; Skelton HG 3d; Angritt P; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC.
The cutaneous lesions that occur in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus are often more severe than those in normal individuals. Of great importance is the fact that many common disorders may show atypical clinical and histologic features, which can lead to misdiagnosis and delayed or inadequate
Roenigk HH Jr; Crane G; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Medical; School, Chicago, Illinois.
In summary, the AIDS epidemic has created many new questions for the dermatologist, with no clear answers. As dermatologic surgery is increasing in most dermatology practices, the dermatologic surgeon must take a careful look at his office techniques and educate his personnel on the proper handling of blood and body f
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1991 Aug 16;116(33):1217-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91339645
Mitrou PS; Serke M; Pohl C; Becker K; Schrappe-Bacher M; Knauf W; Westerhausen M; Clemens MR; Helm EB; Fischer T; et al; Zentrum der Inneren Medizin, Universitat Theodor-Stern-Kai 7,; Frankfurt.
The course of disease in 119 HIV-infected patients (117 men, 2 women; median age 38.5 years) with malignant tumours other than Kaposi s sarcoma was analyzed in a multi-centre retrospective study. This was conducted to obtain initial information concerning the incidence, clinical features and results of therapy in HIV-
Pohlod D; Saravolatz L; Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit,; Michigan 48202.
Twenty-two human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) enzyme immunoassay (EIA) reactive and two non-reactive patient specimens were analyzed using five commercially available HIV-1 Western blot kits. The percentage of HIV-1 bands detected by each kit was recorded. The differences between pairs of kits were not found to be
Golosova TV; Margolina AN; Tupoleva TA; Guliaeva AA
Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is the basic method of the laboratory diagnosis of HIV-infection used as the first component of donors screening. The possibility of nonspecific reactions presents a significant shortcoming of this method. An algorithm involving three stages has been elaborated to investigate donors for anti-
Allogenic transplants have an established place in reconstructive procedures. For years it has been suspected that lyophilized dura mater can transmit Creutzfeld-Jakob disease. HIV infection with fully manifest AIDS and a mortality of up to 100% is now also increasing in significance. It is necessary to assess the ris
Kaiser-Smith J; Condoluci DV; Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of; New Jersey--School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford.
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, with or without the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC), have an increased incidence of tuberculosis, especially of an extrapulmonary nature. The condition is associated with significant morbidity and mortality
Lawen A; Traber R; Geyl D; Institut fur Biochemie und Molekulare Biologie, Technische; Universitat Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.
A new cyclic peptolide (SDZ 214-103), which is produced by the fungus Cylindrotrichumoligospermum (Corda) BONORDEN (Dreyfuss, M. M., Schreier, M. H., Tscherter, H., and Wenger, R. (June 15, 1988) European Patent Application 0 296 123 A2) and is closely related to cyclosporin A (CyA), has as the main structural differe
Zhang ZY; Poorman RA; Maggiora LL; Heinrikson RL; Kezdy FJ; Department of Biochemistry, Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan; 49001.
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease is an aspartyl protease composed of two identical protomers linked by a four-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet consisting of the NH2- and COOH-terminal segments (Weber, I.T. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 10492-10496). Kinetic analysis of the HIV-1 protease-catalyzed hydrolys
Borellini F; He YF; Aquino A; Yu G; Josephs SF; Glazer RI; Department of Pharmacology, Georgetown University Medical Center,; Washington, D.C. 20007.
Myeloblast cell line K562, when stably transfected with the human genomic c-fes sequence encoding a proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase, acquires the characteristics of more mature granulocytic cells (WS-1 cells) and the ability to undergo differentiation (Yu, G., Smithgall, T. E., and Glazer, R. I. (1989) J. Biol.
Haines DS; Strauss KI; Gillespie DH; Department of Neoplastic Diseases, Hahnemann University,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102.
The study of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) encompasses a variety of fields. Basic research in this area has contributed to a greater mechanistic understanding of gene induction, tumor cell growth arrest, the establishment of antiviral states, and immunomodulation. Because of the possible clinical value of these molecule
Hodes L; Feldman A; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Clustering is normally used to group items that are similar. In this application of obtaining a diverse sample from the 230,000 compounds in the National Cancer Institute Repository, we cluster to select compounds that are different from the rest, to optimize screening for new leads. With these constraints, our approa
Schmidt BL; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for dermato-venerological; Serodiagnosis and Dermatological, Hospital City of Vienna, Lainz,; Wien, Austria.
A solution hybridization assay using acridinium ester labelled probes is described for detection of amplified HIV-1 DNA segments. Amplification was achieved by 30 cycles of the polymerase chain reaction using SK38/SK39 primers specific for a constant region of the HIV-1 gag region together with HLA DQ alpha primers as
Gibson KM; McLean KA; Clewley JP; Virus Reference Laboratory, Central Public Health Laboratory,; London, U.K.
A simple, sensitive and specific method using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is described. The method involves minimal manipulations. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were prepared by a rapid Ficoll-Paque gradient method. Lymphocytes were l
Two novel enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA) for the quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coded glycoprotein with an Mr 120 (gp120) are described. These are based on the highly specific interaction between gp120 and the mannose-specific lectins from Narcissus pseudonarcissus (NPL) and Galanthus
IMA J Math Appl Med Biol. 1991;8(1):1-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91341308
Busenberg S; Castillo-Chavez C; Department of Mathematics, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont,; California 91711.
A central aspect in the study of the dynamics of sexually transmitted diseases is that of mixing. The study of the effects of social structure in disease dynamics has received considerable attention over the last few years as a result of the AIDS epidemic. In this paper, we formulate a generalization of the Blythe and
The peptidomimetic template and the dihydroxyethylene isostere insert that were applied successfully to the design of renin inhibitors have been extended to the related protease from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The present report describes the structure-activity study leading to the identification of an inhibi
Klin Med (Mosk). 1991 Feb;69(2):105-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91342137
Bulychev VV
It is suggested that etiology, pathogenesis and clinical pattern of HIV-infection advanced stages (AIDS) may be closely associated with acute accidental involution of the thymus and activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in 10-35-year-olds. Feasibility of preventing the disease progression in HIV-infected
Med Care. 1991 Aug;29(8):745-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91342262
Capilouto EI; Piette J; White BA; Fleishman J; University of Alabama School of Dentistry, Birmingham 35294.
Compromised oral health holds significant implications for the general health of medically vulnerable, HIV infected individuals. Past studies have reported that these individuals frequently suffer from oral opportunistic infections and have a tendency to develop severe periodontal disease. This study extends past rese
Med Care. 1991 Aug;29(8):786-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91342266
Wu AW; Rubin HR; Mathews WC; Ware JE Jr; Brysk LT; Hardy WD; Bozzette SA; Spector SA; Richman DD; Robert Wood Johnson/Veterans Administration Clinical Scholars; Program, University of California, San Francisco.
Many current health status instruments either are too long to use in many acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) clinical trials or omit important concepts. In this study, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-relevant items developed for the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) from subscales for cognitive function, energy/
Med J Aust. 1991 Aug 5;155(3):194-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91342416
Lumb R; Hardiman R; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Medical and; Veterinary Science, Adelaide, SA.
OBJECTIVE: To present the findings of Isospora belli infection in two patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). CLINICAL FEATURES: One patient was part Aboriginal, the other an immigrant recently arrived from Peru
Green JE; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201.
Three lines of transgenic mice containing the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) tax gene develop neurofibromas composed of perineural fibroblasts (S. H. Hinrichs, M. Nerenberg, R. K. Reynolds, G. Khoury, and G. Jay, Science 237:1340-1343, 1987; M. Nerenberg, S. H. Hinrichs, R. K. Reynolds, G. Khoury, and
Su H; Boackle RJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of; South Carolina, Charleston 29425-2230.
Human saliva has been shown to reduce the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) particles in vitro. The factors in human saliva involved in this inhibition of HIV infectivity are unknown, although the salivary sediment of normal individuals has the major HIV neutralizing activity. Interestingly, the first
Di Silverio A; Brazzelli V; Brandozzi G; Barbarini G; Maccabruni A; Sacchi S; Department of Dermatology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico; S. Matteo, Italy.
The prevalence of dermatophytes and yeasts (Candida spp. and Pityrosporum spp.) was studied in 40 former drug-addicts, all of whom were HIV seropositive but otherwise had no other symptoms (2nd Stage CDC Atlanta, 1987). We considered 7 skin areas for dermatophytes and Pityrosporum spp. (scalp, forehead, nose, back, ch
NIDA Res Monogr. 1991;105:473-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91342876
Iguchi MY; Rosen M; Musikoff H; Kushner H; French J; Baxter R; Lidz V; Platt JJ; Grant C; University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, School of; Osteopathic Medicine, Camden 08103.
NIDA Res Monogr. 1991;105:478-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91342879
Brown LS Jr; Phillips RY; Nurco D; Primm B; Battjes R; Nemoto T; Division of Evaluation and Medical Affairs, Addiction Research; and Treatment Corporation, Brooklyn, New York.
NIDA Res Monogr. 1991;105:488-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91342884
Brooner RK; Bigelow GE; Greenfield L; Strain EC; Schmidt CW; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Francis Scott Key; Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224.
Nature. 1991 Aug 22;352(6337):733-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91343004
Schmid RM; Perkins ND; Duckett CS; Andrews PC; Nabel GJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Internal Medicine,; University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0650.
The transcription factor NF-kappa B is a protein complex which comprises a DNA-binding subunit and an associated transactivation protein (of relative molecular masses 50,000 (50K) and 65K, respectively). Both the 50K and 65K subunits have similarity with the rel oncogene and the Drosophila maternal effect gene dorsal.
N Y State J Med. 1991 Jul;91(7):292-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91343193
Chechani V; Kamholz SL; Department of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of; Medicine/Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia; 65201.
Although amphotericin B (AB) is the primary therapeutic agent for cryptococcosis complicating the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the total dose administered is extremely variable, and the end point of therapy has not been well defined. Since these patients require life-long suppressive therapy following th
In the present study we analyzed the immunohistochemical distribution of different major basement membrane (BM) components with special emphasis on the BM-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) in early and late stages of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), both of idiopathic and AIDS-associated origin. In early KS all BM
Stat Med. 1991 Jul;10(7):1003-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91343849
Stigum H; Gronnesby JK; Magnus P; Sundet JM; Bakketeig LS; Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health,; Oslo, Norway.
A simulation model is used to investigate the potential for indigenous spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the heterosexual population in Norway . The heterosexual population is grouped according to age, sex and whether paired or single. Estimates of various parameters o
Hoots WK; Buchanan GR; Parmley RT; Alperin JB; Kletzel M; Sexauer CL; Region VI Comprehensive Hemophilia Care Network, University of; Texas Health Science Center, Houston 77225.
Hemophilia is an inherited coagulation disease that affects approximately 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 males worldwide. Chronic joint disease and other long-term complications of recurrent bleeding persist in patients with hemophilia despite improved and more available clotting protein concentrates. The best care can be provi
West J Med. 1991 Jun;154(6):689-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91344412
Nielsen BP; Gallegos DA; Harris DL; Gomez MI; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah; School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.
Studies of physicians attitudes and knowledge of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the clinical precautions they take against exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have focused on urban physicians. To determine rural physicians knowledge and attitudes about AIDS, a questionnaire was mail
West J Med. 1991 Jun;154(6):721-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91344427
Kates DM; Sparling TG; Jetha N; Burdge DR; Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Shaughnessy Site,; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Vancouver.
West J Med. 1991 Jul;155(1):27-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91344441
Nickens HW; Division of Minority Health, Disease Prevention/Health Promotion,; Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC 20036.
There is increasing national recognition that while our nation s health care system is the most expensive in the world, the health care status of Americans overall ranks poorly compared with other Western, industrialized nations. In the United States we tend to look at minority-majorit
McGowan JE Jr; Thompson SE 3d; Metchock BG; Morriss C; Vroon DH; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University; School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
The Infectious Diseases Clinic (IDC) discussed serves adults who are seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus. The authors reviewed the outpatient and inpatient microbiology tests of a three-month period during 1989 for a systematic sample of IDC patients. The 249 patients in the sample had 682 microbiology tests
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Aug 15;134(4):331-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91345014
Kingsley LA; Zhou SY; Bacellar H; Rinaldo CR Jr; Chmiel J; Detels R; Saah A; VanRaden M; Ho M; Munoz A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Public; Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA.
The 5-year temporal trends in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroconversion between 1984 and 1989 among homosexual/bisexual men participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) are reported. Of 3,262 initially seronegative men, 368 (11.3%) had seroconverted by December 31, 1989. Although the inci
Am J Law Med. 1991;17(1-2):145-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91345030
Ackiron E
Patents and other statutory types of market protections are used in the United States to promote scientific research and innovation. This incentive is especially important in research intensive fields such as the pharmaceutical industry. Unfortunately, these same protections often resu
Ann Emerg Med. 1991 Sep;20(9):969-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91345263
Rhee KJ; Albertson TE; Kizer KW; Hughes MJ; Ascher MS; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To measure the HIV seroprevalence of injured emergency department patients in a number of California hospitals and to examine the relationship between ED seroprevalence and local AIDS incidence. DESIGN: Prospective blinded testing for HIV-1 antibody was performed on routinely collected blood samples.
Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis. 1991 Mar;66(1):37-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91316360
Scalcini M; Occenac R; Manfreda J; Long R; Department of Medicine, Hopital Albert Schweitzer, Haiti.
In rural Haiti we measured and compared the muscle protein and calorie reserves (anthropometrics) as well as the visceral protein reserves (serum albumin, tuberculin sensitivity) in 56 HIV (human immunodeficiency virus type-1) seropositive and 108 HIV seronegative pulmonary tubercul
Schindelmeiser J; Gullotta F; Institute of Anatomy, Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat; Munster, Germany.
The central nervous system of HIV-seropositive patients with and without AIDS-encephalopathy was investigated by immunocytochemistry using the monoclonal antibody to the HIV-1 p24 core protein. Numerous p24-immunopositive mono- and multinucleated macrophages could only be detected in patients with typical histological
We show here for the first time that actin, troponin C, Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (AAP), and pro-interleukin 1 beta (pro-IL-1 beta), are substrates of the protease encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type-1. As has been seen in other non-viral protein substrates of the HIV protease, the presenc
Caring for persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) will be a growing challenge for nurses in the years to come. It the nursing profession is to meet this challenge, continuing education will be essential. This article presents an approach to using
Luzuriaga K; Koup RA; Pikora CA; Brettler DB; Sullivan JL; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical; School, Worcester 01605.
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag proteins were studied prospectively in 17 children (12 infected) born of mothers with HIV-1 seropositivity and in five pediatric patients with hemophilia infected by transfusion of HIV-1-contaminated factor VIII concentrate. B ly
Baggish MS; Poiesz BJ; Joret D; Williamson P; Refai A; Health Science Center, SUNY, Syracuse.
Concentrated tissue culture pellets infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) containing 1 x 10(7) cells/ml were vaporized by means of a carbon dioxide laser. The vaporous debris resulting from the laser s impact were evacuated through sterile silastic tubing, then bubbled through sterile culture medium (RPMI)
Nature. 1991 Aug 1;352(6334):434-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319210
Ward RH; Capon DJ; Jett CM; Murthy KK; Mordenti J; Lucas C; Frie SW; Prince AM; Green JD; Eichberg JW; Genentech Inc., S. San Francisco, California 94080.
The first step in infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the specific binding of gp120, the envelope glycoprotein of HIV, to its cellular receptor, CD4. To inhibit this interaction, soluble CD4 analogues that compete for gp120 binding and block HIV infection in vitro have been developed. To determine w
Tindall B; Gaines H; Imrie A; von Sydow MA; Evans L; Strannegard O; Tsang ML; Lindback S; Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, Australia.
Eleven subjects who presented with a clinical illness characteristic of primary HIV-1 infection were treated with 1 g zidovudine daily for a median period of 56 days (range, 28-111 days). Primary HIV-1 infection was confirmed in each subject by seroconversion and virus isolation. The acute phase of the illness resolve
Mihm S; Ennen J; Pessara U; Kurth R; Droge W; Institute of Immunology and Genetics, German Cancer Research; Center, Heidelberg.
HIV-1 proviral DNA contains two binding sites for the transcription factor NF-kappa B. HIV-1-infected individuals have, on average, abnormally high levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and abnormally low plasma cysteine levels. We therefore investigated the effects of cysteine and related thiols on HIV-1
Sonza S; Burgess SH; Crowe SM; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield; Hospital, Melbourne Australia.
Monocyte--macrophages are important target cells and reservoirs for HIV. The existing methods for the quantification of infectious virus in HIV stocks are not totally satisfactory for use with macrophage cultures. We have developed an infectious focus assay for the direct quantification of virions infectious for human
Nelson AM; Hassig SE; Kayembe M; Okonda L; Mulanga K; Brown C; Kayembe K; Kalengayi MM; Mullick FG; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
This study examines the impact of HIV-1 infection and AIDS on 500 of 563 consecutive deaths at University Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire , in late 1987. HIV-1 seroprevalence was 31% for the entire population and 43% for the 247 adults. Forty-two (38%) of the 110 HIV-1-seropositive adult
Ellaurie M; Burns ER; Rubinstein A; Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10461.
Hematologic abnormalities, including thrombocytopenia, are seen in HIV infection. We have previously reported elevated platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) in thrombocytopenia in children associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this study we prospectively monitored 40 HIV-infected infants and children to det
Hengster P; Schmutzhard E; Fuchs D; Hofbauer J; Wachter H; Dierich MP; Institute for Hygiene, University Hospital, Innsbruck, Austria.
Antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus, other infectious agents and neopterin levels were determined in 253 patients in a rural area of North-West Tanzania . Seroprevalence for HIV was 3.2%. In one case serology was positive for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies and questions wh
Venegas VS; Villafranca P; Madrid JP; Cosenza H; Bygdeman S; Department of Microbiology, National Autonomous University of; Honduras, Tegucigalpa.
The prevalence of gonorrhoea and urogenital chlamydial infection was investigated in female prostitutes in Tegucigalpa, Honduras . Epidemiological data were recorded according to a standardized questionnaire. The median age of the pr
Tomlinson DR; Coker RJ; Waldron S; Harris JR; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, London,; UK.
We report two cases of cryptosporidiosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) which responded to early intervention with intravenous zidovudine and total parenteral nutrition (TPN).
Subauste CS; Remington JS; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Palo Alto; Medical Foundation, California 94301.
Toxoplasma gondii has emerged as an important pathogen in the ever increasing numbers of patients with disorders of the immune system. Better understanding of the mechanisms of resistance of the host against this protozoan is important for development of safe, effective alternative treatment regimens for toxoplasmosis
Feldt-Rasmussen U; Sestoft L; Berg H; Department of Endocrinology E, Frederiksberg Hospital,; Copenhagen, Denmark.
The thyroid function tests as well as evidence of thyroiditis were studied in 18 male patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 12 healthy HIV1-positive persons compared with an age-matched control group. Serum total thyroxine was not significantly different between the groups, but both serum total
HIV infection of a fetus from an infected mother has severe immunological implications because it destroys still immature immune system. The abnormalities observed are precocious in the infants. When the infection occurs in perinatal period, clinical and immunological manifestations can present themselves at the age o
Bernstein MS; Tong-Starksen SE; Locksley RM; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; 94143-0654.
Activation of T lymphocytes infected with the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) results in enhancement of viral replication mediated in part by activation of cellular NF kappa B capable of binding directly to sequences in the viral long terminal repeat, or LTR. Together with CD4+ T cells, macrophages constitute a
Rutala WA; Clontz EP; Weber DJ; Hoffmann KK; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina (UNC) School; of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7030.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the disinfection practices employed by North Carolina hospitals for endoscopes and other semicritical patient care items and to discuss minimally acceptable disinfection procedures for these items. DESIGN: A survey questionnaire was mailed to all North Carolina hospitals to identify their disin
JAMA. 1991 Aug 14;266(6):820-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91325321
Castellano AR; Nettleman MD; University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the relative cost and benefit of aerosolized pentamidine and the combination product of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim sulfate as secondary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. DESIGN--A Markov-based cost-benefit analysis was performed. Drug efficacies, toxicities, and mortality r
Mannucci PM; Gringeri A; Centro Emofilia e Trombosi Angelo Bianchi Bonomi, Universita; degli Studi ed Ospedale Maggiore, Milano.
Recombinant factor VIII is currently in the late stages of clinical trials. The available studies indicate that the product is safe and well-tolerated, and appears to be free of virus diseases such as HIV and hepatitis infections. Based on these early studies, recombinant coagulation factors appear to have enormous pr
Zepp F; Ehlert K; Othmer M; Department of Pediatrics, University of Mainz, Germany.
Recent data suggest that accessory molecules like CD4 and CD8 act as co-receptors in intrathymic T-cell development. Soluble CD4 (sCD4) molecules offer a novel experimental approach to investigate the relevance of CD4 interaction with its putative intrathymic receptor for T-cell maturation. We attempted to inhibit bin
Cell. 1991 Aug 9;66(3):577-88. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91330305
Weeks KM; Crothers DM; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; 06511.
Replication of human immunodeficiency virus requires binding of the viral Tat protein to its RNA target sequence TAR; peptides derived from Tat bind to a TAR contact site spanning 5 bp and a trinucleotide pyrimidine bulge. We find that high affinity binding requires a U residue in the bulge loop and 2 specific adjacen
We report here the nucleotide sequence of a full-length Chinese hamster genomic proviral element, CHIAP34. CHIAP34 is 6,403 bp long with long terminal repeats of 311 bp at each end. The genetic organization of CHIAP34 was determined by comparison with intracisternal A particle (IAP) genetic elements from the mouse and
Morrey JD; Bourn SM; Bunch TD; Jackson MK; Sidwell RW; Barrows LR; Daynes RA; Rosen CA; AIDS Research Program, Utah State University, Logan 84322-5600.
UV irradiation has been shown to activate the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) in cell culture; however, only limited studies have been described in vivo. UV light has been categorized as UV-A (400 to 315 nm), -B (315 to 280 nm), or -C (less than 280 nm); the longer wavelengths ar
Cassulis P; Farhangfar R; DeBari VA; Department of Medicine, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center,; School of Graduate Medical Education, Paterson, NJ 07503.
Immunoglobulin levels are elevated in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and one class, IgA, has been suggested as a marker of disease progression. IgA is composed of two subclasses, IgA1 and IgA2; circulating IgA1 is roughly 85% of the total in healthy individuals. We have attempted to determine if the su
Public Health Rep. 1991 Jul-Aug;106(4):451-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91343696
Lange WR; Ball JC; Adler WH; Brown E; Pyle R; Hoffman W; Dax EM; Public Health Service, National Institute on Drug Abuse's; Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.
Serum specimens obtained from a nationwide sample of parenteral drug abusers (PDAs) during the period 1971-72 had previously been screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies. Some specimens were considered to be positive to both ELISA and Western blot (WB) analysis. These findings have been a topic of c
Public Health Rep. 1991 Jul-Aug;106(4):460-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91343698
Perloff RM; Pettey G; Department of Communication, Cleveland State University, Ohio; 44115.
Intravenous drug users are currently the second largest group to have developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the United States and Europe. Clearly, health communication plays an important role in the development of AIDS prevention programs directed at IV drug users. Howeve
N Engl J Med. 1991 Aug 29;325(9):593-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319174
Van de Perre P; Simonon A; Msellati P; Hitimana DG; Vaira D; Bazubagira A; Van Goethem C; Stevens AM; Karita E; Sondag-Thull D; et al; AIDS Reference Laboratory, National AIDS Control Program, Kigali,; Rwanda.
BACKGROUND. Although transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from mother to infant has been well documented during pregnancy and delivery, little is known about the possible transmission of HIV-1 during the postnatal period. METHODS. We conducted a prospective cohort study in Kigali,
Bhatti N; Gilson RJ; Beecham M; Williams P; Matthews MP; Tedder RS; Weller IV; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London.
OBJECTIVE--To audit hepatitis B immunisation of homosexual or bisexual men in a genitourinary medicine clinic. DESIGN--Retrospective case note review of all homosexual and bisexual men presenting to a genitourinary clinic as new patients during 12 months in 1988 and follow up review of notes to May 1990. SETTING--One
Grace EG; Cohen LA; Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
Many dentists do not understand that hepatitis B infection poses a greater threat to their lives and health than acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This survey examined the attitudes and beliefs of dentists concerning hepatitis and hepatitis vaccination. Many dentists have not been vaccinated. The reasons for
Pfeifer K; Bachmann M; Schroder HC; Weiler BE; Ugarkovic D; Okamoto T; Muller WE; Institut fur Physologische Chemie, Johannes; Gutenberg-Universitat, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany.
The trans-acting response element (TAR) within the long terminal repeat of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is present in all 5 termini of HIV mRNAs and is recognized by the viral Tat protein. Now we describe that the 59-nucleotide-long TAR-RNA exists as a ribonucleoprotein particle in polysomal and heterogeneous n
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is an anatomical entity which includes haemolytic-uraemic syndrome as well as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The physiopathology of TMA has not yet been fully elucidated, but it is certainly multifactorial. TMA has been described in numerous viral infections including HIV infecti
Presse Med. 1991 Jun 29;20(25):1163-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319657
Guerois C; Parquet A; Vicariot M; Lecoeur FF; Maisonneuve P; Courouce AM; Dubois F; Laurian Y; Centre de traitement de l'hemophilie, Hopital Trousseau, Tours.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and hepatitis virus B or C (HBV, HCV) transmission are major risks following infusion of coagulation factor concentrates. Thus, several methods have been used to achieve viral inactivation of concentrates prepared from plasma collected from a large number of donors. In this
Skoraszewski MJ; Ball JD; Mikulka P; Virginia Beach Comprehensive Mental Health Services.
This article presents a Meta-Analysis of previous HIV-related neuropsychological research and new data from a study with methodological improvements over early investigations. In this study, the authors compared neuropsychological testing for three groups of adult male homosexuals: (a) HIV seronegative controls (n = 3
Rasool AA; Hussain AA; Dittert LW; College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
The solubilities of five poorly water-soluble drugs, diazepam, griseofulvin, progesterone, 17 beta-estradiol, and testosterone, were studied in the presence of nicotinamide. All solubilities were found to increase in a nonlinear fashion as a function of nicotinamide concentration. The K1:1 and K1:2 stability constants
A decrease of tuberculosis is noticeable. The legal basis and topics of the tuberculosis health service are shown. Focal points of counseling and care are particular groups of patients: foreigners, homeless, elderly, patients not accepting the disease, ones with social and financial difficulties, alcoholics. The succe
Schutzwohl M; Schulz-Kindermann F; Psychiatrische Klinik der Universitat Heidelberg.
This study investigates the cognitive-emotional arguments advanced by young adults on the subject of AIDS within the frame-work of a multivariate approach. The centre of all the deliberations is the question as to which factors exercise a major influence on emotional experience and on changes in sexual behaviour. The
Blood. 1991 Aug 15;78(4):900-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91329838
Merigan TC; Amato DA; Balsley J; Power M; Price WA; Benoit S; Perez-Michael A; Brownstein A; Kramer AS; Brettler D; et al; Center for AIDS Research, Stanford University School of Medicine,; CA.
One hundred ninety-three asymptomatic patients with hereditary coagulation disorders and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were studied in a controlled trial of zidovudine (ZDV) versus a placebo (with an average of 9.7 months on study). Pretreatment characteristics were well balanced between the placebo and
Clin Ter. 1991 May 31;137(4):235-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91330547
Melino C; Venza F; Istituto di Igiene G. Sanarelli, Universita degli Studi di Roma; La Sapienza.
In this second note on AIDS, clinical aspects and epidemiology of the disease are reviewed so as to complete what has already been said in the first note which was concerned with etiology and pathogenesis. Publications that have appeared so far are reviewed not only as far as the classification of the different superi
Brown DA; Nelson FB; Reinherz EL; Diamond DJ; Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of; Hope, Duarte, CA 91010.
T cells infected with the HTLV (human T cell leukemia virus)-I and -II retroviruses often express the lymphokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). We sought the molecular explanation for this phenomena by co-transfecting the transactivator genes of these human retroviruses together with 5 flanking sequences of the human
A review of legislative and regulatory policies regarding the issues of HIV infection and AIDS epidemic in correctional facilities is conducted. Screening and prevention policies, mainly in the US State and Federal legislation, are particularly reviewed. Liberal and compulsory policies, including voluntary and mandato
The effectiveness of a screening programme for HIV infection among prisoners is discussed, in relation to validity of screening test, natural history ad modalities of transmission of the infection, hypothetical objectives of the programme, in comparison with alternatives prevention programmes. The association between
Weeks BS; Klotman ME; Dhawan S; Kibbey M; Rappaport J; Kleinman HK; Yamada KM; Klotman PE; Laboratory of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Dental; Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
Altered T cell adherence after human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection may contribute to viral pathogenesis in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. To address this hypothesis, we assessed mechanisms of T cell adherence to extracellular matrix proteins in vitro. We found that after HIV-1 infection, both ch
Cockerell CJ; Department of Pathology (Division of Dermatopathology),; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
Noninfectious inflammatory skin diseases are often a persistent problem for patients with infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and they present both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the dermatologist. Well-defined diseases such as granuloma annulare, reactions to insect bites, and leukocytoc
Usuku K; Nishizawa M; Osame M; Tabira T; Division of Demyelinating Disease and Aging, National Center of; Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Since there are several immune abnormalities and autoimmune-like features in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/HTLV-I-associated tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), we examined cytotoxic and suppressor cell functions in HAM/TSP. In this study, we assayed cell-mediated cytotoxici
Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis. 1991 Mar;66(1):43-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91316361
Cayla JA; Jansa JM; Plasencia A; Batalla J; Parellada N; Servei d'Epidemiologia i Estadistiques Vitals, Institut; Municipal de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain.
The impact of the new AIDS definition on tuberculosis in Barcelona is evaluated. In 1988 active epidemiological surveillance demonstrated a tuberculosis incidence rate of 58.31/100,000 and an AIDS incidence rate of 9.93/100,000 according to the old definition, and 14.16/100,000 according to the CDCs new definition (4
Ho KL; Gottlieb C; Zarbo RJ; Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202.
Association of glioma with AIDS is unusual. Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection of glioma has not been documented in AIDS or non-AIDS patients. We present the case of a 37-year-old homosexual, HIV positive man who had a history of pneumocystis pneumonia and died of
Verweij CL; Geerts M; Aarden LA; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
Production of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) by human T-lymphocytes can be augmented by costimulation via CD28. It has been reported that signaling via CD28 acts by stabilization of lymphokine mRNAs (Lindsten, T., June, C. H., Ledbetter, J. A., Stella, G., and Thompson, C. B. (1
Chapman BS; Thayer RM; Vincent KA; Haigwood NL; Product Management and Regulatory Affairs, Chiron Corporation,; Emeryville, CA 94608.
A 2.4 kb fragment of hCMV (Towne strain), containing the 5 end of the major immediate-early gene, has been cloned, sequenced, and used to construct a series of mammalian cell expression plasmids. The effects of regulatory regions present on this fragment were assessed using human glycoproteins as reporter molecules.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 1;88(15):6632-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319738
Skolnik PR; Jahn B; Wang MZ; Rota TR; Hirsch MS; Krane SM; Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine,; Boston, MA.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) expression and replication are under tight regulatory control. We demonstrate that 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3] enhances the replication of monocyte- and lymphocyte-tropic strains of HIV-1 up to 10,000-fold in monocyte cell lines, peripheral blood monocytes, and unfra
Adrenal function was estimated by synthetic ACTH test in 18 men with AIDS (or AIDS-related complex) and compared with that of 10 HIV positive but otherwise healthy men. According to this test none fulfilled the criteria for adrenal insufficiency defined as plasma cortisol concentration less than 500 nmol/l 30 minutes
Kawimbe B; Bem C; Patil PS; Bharucha H; Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka,; Zambia.
Two Zambian infants presented with massive rectal bleeding caused by cytomegalovirus ileitis. The first was seropositive for HIV and the second seronegative, though her mother was seropositive. Both infants died.
Botta M; De Angelis F; Corelli F; Menichincheri M; Nicoletti R; Marongiu ME; Pani A; La Colla P; Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Universita di Siena.
Condensation between furyllithium reagents and pyrimidinones 1, 2, 3, and 4 has been studied. The product composition is strongly dependent upon the reaction conditions and purification methodologies. Cytostatic and antiviral activities of some substrates and reaction products is reported.
Vanderschueren S; Van Renterghem L; Plum J; Verhofstede C; Mak R; Vincke J; Laboratory for Bacteriology and Virology, University Hospital,; Ghent, Belgium.
In order to obtain more information on sexual transmission of hepatitis C (HCV) we compared different high-risk groups for HIV and hepatitis B to see if they were seropositive for HCV. A high seroprevalence (38/81) of hepatitis C (HCV) was found among intravenous drug users. Nursing staff (n = 35) and patients of a di
Law C; Merianos A; Thompson C; Rose B; Cossart Y; Grace J; Sydney STD Centre, Sydney Hospital, Australia.
The prevalence and manifestations of anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in 154 men, all of whom were the sexual partners of women with either overt anogenital warts or cervical HPV-related abnormalities, were assessed using clinical, histopathological and molecular criteria. Detailed examination of the an
Nieminen P; Koskimies AI; Paavonen J; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Central; Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
We studied by dot blot DNA hybridization semen samples of 17 regular partners of women with proven HPV infection and 16 controls, to find out whether the human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is transmitted via semen. Although all women were positive for HPV DNA, the semen samples from their partners and controls were negati
J Vet Med Sci. 1991 Apr;53(2):333-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91322270
Taniguchi A; Ishida T; Washizu T; Tomoda I; Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine,; Nippon Veterinary and Animal Science University, Tokyo, Japan.
Br Med Bull. 1991 Jan;47(1):21-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91322642
Dalgleish AG; Retrovirus Research Group, MRC, Middlesex, UK.
The fact that viruses can cause cancer in animals has been appreciated since the turn of the century. The widely held belief that viruses had little to do with cancer in humans has only recently been dispelled. Two classes of human retrovirus (HTLV and HIV) have been discovered in the last decade and the malignant pot
Schattner A; Hanuka N; Sarov B; Sarov I; Handzel Z; Bentwich Z; Division of Medicine, Kaplan Medical Centre, Rehovot, Israel.
Viral cofactors may be important in the pathogenesis of HIV infection and the development of AIDS, but their role is still imperfectly understood. Sequential serological studies were performed in a cohort of 100 homosexual men and 70 matched healthy controls over a mean period of 4 years. Of the patients, 18 were foun
Maudgal PC; De Clercq E; Eye Research Laboratory, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
The acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogue PMEA [9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine] is a broad spectrum antiviral agent effective against DNA viruses and retroviruses. It is particularly active against the human immunodeficiency virus and, like other phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives, it also inhibits HSV-1, TK- H
Qavi HB; Green MT; SeGall GK; Hollinger FB; Lewis DE; Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; TX 77030.
Twenty pairs of corneas from asymptomatic carriers of HIV-1 and seven pairs from AIDS patients were analyzed for the presence of HIV-1 and HHV-6 antigens, viral transcripts, DNA sequences, and intact and infectious particles. Although serum from all donors was positive for both HIV-1 and HHV-6 antibody by Western blot
Morozov VA; Saal F; Gessain A; Terrinha A; Peries J; UPR 0043 CNRS, Universite Paris VII, Hopital Saint-Louis,; France.
Antibodies to proteins of Mason- Pfizer monkey virus (M-PMV) were screened in sera from 61 healthy donors living in Guinea-Bissau (4 HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibody positive HIV = human immunodeficiency virus), from 19 healthy French European
Rahman MA; Kingsley LA; Atchison RW; Belle S; Breinig MC; Ho M; Rinaldo CR Jr; Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261.
Reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was investigated in 49 homosexual men who seroconverted to HIV (cases) as compared with 49 matched controls who remained seronegative to HIV during a longitudinal study. EBV infection was reactivated in cases 6 months, but n
Orellana J; Teich SA; Lieberman RM; Restrepo S; Peairs R; Department of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New; York.
Thirty-nine eyes from 31 patients with retinal detachment due to cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis were treated by either laser photocoagulation (22 eyes), scleral buckle (9 eyes), pars plana vitrectomy (5 eyes), or no therapy
Res Immunol. 1991 Feb;142(2):87-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91326942
Fiala M; Mosca JD; Barry P; Luciw PA; Vinters HV; Department of Medicine, Eisenhower Medical Center, Rancho Mirage,; CA 92270.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been shown to be the initial aetiological agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The recent clinical, epidemiologic, pathological, immunological and molecular data presented in this review point to a multi-step pathogenesis of AIDS involving HIV as an initial ca
Actual Odontostomatol (Paris). 1991 Jun;45(174):269-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91328074
Robert C; Roche Y; Deboise A; Universite Paris VII.
Current data about oral hairy leukoplakia are reported. Clinical manifestations, histological and ultrastructural features and pathogenic mechanisms are firstly described. Then diagnosis are exposed. Finally, management is discussed.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1991 Aug 15;112(2):119-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91328269
Margolis TP; Lowder CY; Holland GN; Spaide RF; Logan AG; Weissman SS; Irvine AR; Josephberg R; Meisler DM; O'Donnell JJ; University of California Los Angeles Ocular Inflammatory Disease; Center.
We examined five patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus who developed a rapidly progressive necrotizing retinitis characterized by early patchy choroidal and deep retinal lesions and late diffuse thickening of the retina. In all but one case, the retinitis began in the posterior pole with little or no
Powers MA; Grossman D; Kidd LC; Radke K; Department of Avian Sciences, University of California, Davis; 95616-8532.
Infection by bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is characterized by a long clinical latency after which some individuals develop B-cell tumors. The contributions of the viral regulatory proteins Tax and Rex during clinical latency and disease are incompletely understood. To learn about Rex expression in the host, we used a s
York DF; Vigne R; Verwoerd DW; Querat G; Laboratoire de Virologie, Faculte de Medecine Nord, Marseille,; France.
The genome of the jaagsiekte (JS) retrovirus (JSRV), the etiological agent of sheep pulmonary adenomatosis (jaagsiekte), has been identified, isolated, and partly cloned. The JSRV genome is ca. 8.7 kb long. cDNA of the genomic RNA was synthesized and cloned. A clone, JS 46.1, was isolated and characterized. It has an
We describe the unusual clinical course in a case of exanthema subitum with affection of the liver and central nervous system in a 10-months-old girl. HHV-6 infection was confirmed serologically (positive HHV-6 IgM from 10th to 29th day, increasing IgG-titres). At the beginning of the illness convulsions with preferen
Owens RA; Trempe JP; Chejanovsky N; Carter BJ; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute; of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The adeno-associated virus (AAV) rep gene proteins, Rep78 and Rep68, are required for replication of AAV DNA and bind to the AAV replication origin. An AAV genome having a Lys340 to His (K340H) mutation in the consensus purine nucleotide binding site of the rep gene protein exhibited a dominant-negative phenotype for
Kawaguchi Y; Miyazawa T; Horimoto T; Itagaki S; Fukasawa M; Takahashi E; Mikami T; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture,; University of Tokyo, Japan.
By transfection of a recombinant plasmid containing the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) long terminal repeat (LTR) linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene followed by infection of feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) into Crandell feline kidney cells and Felis catus whole fetus 4 cells, enhancement
Soberman N; Leonidas JC; Berdon WE; Bonagura V; Haller JO; Posner M; Mandel L; Department of Radiology, Schneider Children's Hospital, Long; Island Jewish Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine, New Hyde Park, NY 11042.
We investigated the clinical, immunologic, and imaging features of parotid enlargement in 10 children seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who were infected prenatally. In seven patients, sonography revealed many small hypoechoic areas suggestive of lymphoid infiltration. In three older children, large
Vermund SH; Kelley KF; Klein RS; Feingold AR; Schreiber K; Munk G; Burk RD; Department of Epidemiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New; York.
We investigated the relationship of human papillomavirus (by cervicovaginal lavage and Southern blot), human immunodeficiency virus, and squamous intraepithelial lesions in 96 high-risk women in the Bronx, New York. Antibodies for human immunodeficiency virus were detected in 51 (53%) women. Of the 33 women with sympt
Bonacini M; Young T; Laine L; University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los; Angeles.
STUDY OBJECTIVES.--To determine the prevalence of infectious agents in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and odynophagia or dysphagia; the utility of endoscopic, histologic, cytologic, and virologic testing for the diagnosis of esophagitis; and the yield of blind brushings of the esophagus in this s
When Congress reconvenes this month, it will consider several bills aimed at protecting patients from AIDS. The American Hospital Association is supporting one requiring states to adopt the recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control by regulation or legislation. But the Senate has also passed a punitive amendm
Brown PJ; Hopper CD; Harbour DA; University of Bristol School of Veterinary Science, Langford,; U.K.
A range of tissues from a total of 17 cats naturally infected with the feline immunodeficiency virus was examined histologically. In 11 cases, chronic inflammatory lesions were present in various tissues including, most commonly, the intestine, brain and lung. Extensive inflammation in the intestinal wall was present
Naher H; Gissmann L; von Knebel Doeberitz C; von Knebel Doeberitz M; Greenspan JS; Greenspan D; Petzoldt D; Edler L; Freese UK; Universitats-Hautklinik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat,; Heidelberg, Germany.
Oral hairy leukoplakia is a lesion on the lateral part of the tongue that contains replicating Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and presages progression from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to AIDS. To clarify the role of EBV in the development of the lesions, we used filter in situ DNA hybridization to determine
Ohishi K; Suzuki H; Yamamoto T; Maruyama T; Miki K; Ikawa Y; Numakunai S; Okada K; Ohshima K; Sugimoto M; Corporate Research and Development Laboratory, Tonen Corporation,; Saitama, Japan.
The effects of vaccination of sheep with a recombinant vaccinia virus (rVV) expressing the bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) envelope glycoprotein (gp60) were studied by determining BLV titres in peripheral blood leukocytes after vaccination and challenge. The proliferation of BLV was suppressed markedly, not only when rVV
Sargan DR; Bennet ID; Cousens C; Roy DJ; Blacklaws BA; Dalziel RG; Watt NJ; McConnell I; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Edinburgh, U.K.
We have isolated a maedi-visna-like virus from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a British sheep displaying symptoms of arthritis and pneumonia. After brief passage in fibroblasts this virus (designated EV1) was used to infect choroid plexus cells. cDNA clones of the virus were prepared from these cells and se
Dalziel RG; Hopkins J; Watt NJ; Dutia BM; Clarke HA; McConnell I; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Edinburgh, U.K.
One mechanism by which viral tropism may be controlled is by the expression of a specific virus receptor on the cell surface. This paper reports the identification of a putative cellular receptor for visna virus, the prototype virus of the family Lentiviridae. Using a virus overlay protein blot assay we identified a g
Shingu M; Chinami M; Taguchi T; Shingu M Jr; Department of Virology, Kurume University School of Medicine,; Japan.
A bovine enterovirus, MZ-468, showed cytopathic effects on cell line F-647a, which was established by coculture of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1-transformed MT-2 cells and X-irradiated rabbit lymphocytes. Microcalorimetric assay showed that residual, viable, MZ-468-infected F-647a cells produced less heat tha
Oermann MH; Gignac D; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202.
Research was conducted to examine the level of knowledge and attitudes about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among Canadian nursing students and faculty and the relationships among knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to care for AIDS patients. The study was an extension of earlier research by Lawrence and
Torres JV; Werner LL; Malley A; Benjamini E; University of California, School of Medicine, Department of; Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Davis 95616.
It has been recently demonstrated that two serotypes of type D simian retroviruses, namely SRV-1 and SRV-2, exhibit extensive immunological cross-reactivity but do not exhibit cross-reactivity at the level of neutralizing antibodies. We have also shown recently that an area which includes residues 147-162 of the envel
Am Fam Physician. 1991 Sep;44(3):843-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91344797
Kirchner JT; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Georgetown; University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C.
The number of reported cases of syphilis, including primary, secondary and congenital syphilis, has been rapidly rising since 1987. The greatest increases have occurred in urban areas. An association between human immunodeficiency virus infection and syphilis has been established. Primary syphilis is manifested by a c
Blood. 1991 Aug 1;78(3):571-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91316265
Lal RB; Rudolph DL; Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA 30333.
The human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) type I and type II are capable of inducing a variety of cellular genes, including many of the cytokines that regulate cell proliferation. To determine if the spontaneous proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients infected with HTLV-I and HTLV-II was r
Swango PA; Kleinman DV; Konzelman JL; Soft Tissue, Craniofacial Defects and Pain Section, National; Institutes of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Md 20892.
In 230 military personnel who were seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus, the prevalence of viral and fungal infections in the mouth was clearly related to the degree of immune dysfunction as measured by T4-lymphocyte counts. The relation between periodontal health and T4 counts was less clear. Tobacco use
Alimenti A; Luzuriaga K; Stechenberg B; Sullivan JL; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical; Center, Worcester.
We used a quantitative human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) culture method to determine whether there is a relationship between the amount of replicating virus in the blood of vertically infected children and the relatively short latency period before development of symptomatic disease in these children. HIV-1
Lancet. 1991 Aug 10;338(8763):346-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91318851
Eck HP; Stahl-Hennig C; Hunsmann G; Droge W; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Institute of Immunology and; Genetics, Heidelberg, Germany.
To establish whether the high plasma glutamate and low acid-soluble thiol (mainly cysteine) concentrations previously found in patients with HIV-1 infection are a consequence of the infection or a risk factor for its development, a closely related animal model, rhesus and fascicularis macaques infected with simian imm
Nature. 1991 Aug 1;352(6334):436-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319211
Putkonen P; Thorstensson R; Ghavamzadeh L; Albert J; Hild K; Biberfeld G; Norrby E; Department of Immunology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Infection of macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) are useful models for studies of immunotherapy and vaccination against HIV as well as for testing of antiviral drugs. Vaccine research showing protective immunity in immunized monkeys has indicated that it wi
Santangelo J; Schnack J; AIDS Clinical Trials Group, University of California, San Diego.
Recent clinical drug trials have demonstrated that early intervention with zidovudine will delay disease progression in asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic HIV-infected individuals. These trials will encourage larger numbers of seropositive persons to seek access to primary care, overloading specialized clinics for
McLean AR; Emery VC; Webster A; Griffiths PD; Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, National Institute for; Medical Research, Mill Hill, UK.
A new mechanism is proposed for the apparent breakthrough of HIV that occurs approximately 6 months after the commencement of therapy with zidovudine ( AZT ). Using a simple mathematical model of the interacting population dynamics of HIV and its major
Osmond DH; Shiboski S; Bacchetti P; Winger EE; Moss AR; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California, San Francisco.
Four assays for serum levels of cellular products of immune activation were examined as prognostic markers for AIDS in a prospective study of asymptomatic HIV-seropositive homosexual men. Baseline serum values of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M), neopterin, soluble CD8 (sCD8), and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R)
Chams V; Idziorek T; Klatzmann D; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Infections; Retrovirales, CERVI, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie, Salpetriere,; Paris, France.
We have previously reported the detection of anti-CD4 autoantibodies in the sera of approximately 10% of HIV-1-infected patients. These antibodies recognized epitopes located on the V3V4 domains of the soluble recombinant CD4 molecule but did not recognize CD4 in its native conformation on the cell membrane. To analys
Activation-induced programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is a physiological cell suicide process involved in the negative thymic selection of the T-cell repertoire. We have proposed that the inappropriate re-emergence in the mature CD4+ T-cell population of such a death program could explain both the early dysfunction
FEBS Lett. 1991 Jul 29;286(1-2):233-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91323525
Kido H; Fukutomi A; Katunuma N; Institute for Enzyme Research, University of Tokushima, Japan.
A novel membrane-bound serine esterase in cultured human T4+ lymphocytes, recently purified and named tryptase TL2, binds specifically to the external envelope protein gp 120 of HIV-1, interacting with its V3 domain. This binding was selectively blocked by inhibitors of tryptase TL2 with a GPCR sequence in their react
We have concentrated on three functional aspects of human gamma/delta+ T cells. (1) Peripheral blood gamma/delta+ T cells proliferate at a high frequency in response to heat-killed mycobacteria (M.tb.). We present evidence that the primary response of human gamma/delta+ T cells is restricted to those cells bearing a V
Keating JN; Trimble KC; Mulcahy F; Scott JM; Weir DG; Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin,; Republic of Ireland.
The myelopathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection closely resembles that in subacute combined degeneration, a disorder of vitamin B12 metabolism. To investigate whether the disorders share a pathogenetic mechanism, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) were measured in t
Lancet. 1991 Aug 17;338(8764):431-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91325753
van der Ven AJ; Koopmans PP; Vree TB; van der Meer JW; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital St Radboud; Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
The origin of the increased frequency of side-effects to co-trimoxazole in HIV-positive patients is unknown. Data on plasma concentrations of the parent compounds are inconclusive. Evidence points to the hydroxylamine derivatives of sulphamethoxazole as the reactive metabolites that cause adverse reactions to co-trimo
Dupuy JM; Gilmore N; Goldman H; Tsoukas C; Pekovic D; Chausseau JP; Duperval R; Joly M; Pelletier L; Thibaudeau Y; Immunology Research Center, Institut Armand Frappier, Quebec; University, Montreal, Canada.
From October 1983 to July 1984, 11 adult AIDS patients have received single or repeated thymic grafts. All have had opportunistic infections and 3 also had Kaposi s sarcoma. Thymic tissue from infants undergoing cardiac surgery was cultured to provide a thymocyte- and fibroblast-free epithelial cell inoculum. 18-21 da
Hsia K; Spector SA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego; 92103.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects predominantly CD4+ cells in human peripheral blood and infection is associated with CD4+ lymphocyte dysfunction in patients with AIDS. To determine the frequency of HIV-1 infection in CD4+ lymphocytes in vivo, peripheral blood CD4+ lymphocytes were isolated by fluore
J Formos Med Assoc. 1991 Feb;90(2):202-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91332545
Ni YH; Chang MH; Wu MZ; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital,; Taipei, R.O.C.
Diphenylhydantoin-induced hepatitis and mononucleosis are uncommon in children. The occurrence of these two diseases in the same individual, with progression to hepatic failure is rare and has not been reported in infants. This report represents a 6-month-old male infant who developed an infectious mononucleosis-like
We have developed a unique physiologic model of chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, OM-10.1, clonally derived from infected HL-60 promyelocytes and harboring a single integrated provirus. Unlike other models of chronic infection, OM-10.1 cultures remain CD4+ under normal culture conditions,
Velpandi A; Nagashunmugam T; Murthy S; Cartas M; Monken C; Srinivasan A; Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19104-4268.
Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) isolated from infected individuals show tremendous genetic and biologic diversity. To delineate the genetic determinants underlying specific biologic characteristics, such as rate of replication, cytopathic effects, and ability to infect macrophages and T4 lymphoid cells, generatio
Castro BA; Nepomuceno M; Lerche NW; Eichberg JW; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143.
HIV-2 infection of eight rhesus macaques and two baboons was studied. Most animals were preselected for HIV-2 inoculation by testing their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) for susceptibility to virus isolates from the Ivory Coast . The virus strains used (HIV-2UC2, HIV
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 May;7(5):435-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337529
Golding B; Golding H; Preston S; Hernandez D; Beining PR; Manischewitz J; Harvath L; Blackburn R; Lizzio E; Hoffman T; Laboratory on Cell Biology, U.S. Food and Drug Administration,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
In the present study inactivated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was conjugated to Brucella abortus and tested for immunogenicity in normal and anti-L3T4-treated BALB/c mice. HIV-BA was more immunogenic than uncoupled HIV in normal mice, since 6-fold less virus in HIV-BA preparations elicited higher titer
Roberts CR; Department of Diagnostic Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army; Institute of Research, Washington DC.
The molecular biology techniques that were once the exclusive domain of the basic researcher are now becoming apparent within the diagnostic laboratory. Techniques that can detect and quantify the specific genes of retroviruses without the need for radioactive compounds are becoming a reality. In addition, they are ra
Fenouillet E; Gluckman JC; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Pathologies; Immunitaires, URA CNRS 1463, CERVI, Hopital de la; Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Apparently conflicting results have been reported regarding the role of env glycoprotein glycans in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectivity and cytopathogenicity. Whereas we have shown that enzymic removal of carbohydrates from mature envelope glycoproteins has only limited effect on the ability of HIV
Blood. 1991 Aug 1;78(3):780-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91316294
Scarpa A; Borgato L; Chilosi M; Capelli P; Menestrina F; Bonetti F; Zamboni G; Pizzolo G; Hirohashi S; Fiore-Donati L; Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Universita di Verona, Italy.
Six cases of mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (MLCL) with sclerosis were analyzed for the presence and patterns of c-myc and bcl-2 loci rearrangements, and for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA sequences by Southern blot hybridization, c-myc gene alterations were found in three of six cases. Two cases showed the
Skinner RH; Bradley S; Brown AL; Johnson NJ; Rhodes S; Stammers DK; Lowe PN; Department of Cell Biology, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Beckenham, Kent, United Kingdom.
The C-terminal catalytic domain (residues 704-1047) of the human ras GTPase-activating protein (GAP) has been engineered so as to incorporate the tripeptide, Glu-Glu-Phe, at its C terminus. This motif is recognized by the commercially available YL1/2 monoclonal antibody to alpha-tubulin and has previously been used fo
Frank KB; Noll GJ; Connell EV; Sim IS; Department of Virology, Roche Research Center, Nutley, New Jersey; 07110.
We examined the kinetic interaction of purified recombinant DNA-derived human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase with R82150, a member of the tetrahydroimidazo[4,5,1-jk]-[1,4]-benzodiazepin-2(1H)-thione family of compounds (Pauwels, R., Andries, K., Desmyter, J., Schols, D., Kukla, M.J., Bresl
Attanasio R; Dilley D; Buck D; Maino VC; Lohman KL; Kanda P; Kennedy RC; Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78228-0147.
A panel of mouse monoclonal anti-CD4 antibodies was characterized in terms of idiotypic expression by using specific anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-Id) reagents generated in rabbits immunized with anti-Leu3a, a monoclonal anti-CD4 which inhibits the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp120 binding to CD4. Direct bindin
Nevirapine (BI-RG-587) is a potent and specific non-nucleoside inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase. The compound is non-competitive with respect to template, primer, and nucleoside triphosphates indicating that BI-RG-587 does not act directly at the catalytic site. The binding site f
Hostomska Z; Matthews DA; Davies JF 2d; Nodes BR; Hostomsky Z; Agouron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., La Jolla, California 92037.
The RNase H domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase was released from recombinant DHFR-RNase H fusion protein by the action of HIV-1 protease and crystallized as large trigonal prisms that diffract x-rays to at least 2.4-A resolution. The protease cleavage occurred 18 residues away
Muller B; Restle T; Kuhnel H; Goody RS; Abteilung Biophysik, Max Planck Institut fur medizinische; Forschung, Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
A system for the expression of recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) reverse transcriptase (RT) in Escherichia coli has been developed, which allows purification of the heterodimeric form of the enzyme as well as the separate purification of the two subunits. It is shown that equilibrium formation be
Klasse PJ; Pipkorn R; Blomberg J; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Lund, Sweden.
We investigated the antigenicity of a highly conserved region in the transmembrane protein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In order to identify antigenically important residues, amino-acid sequences of synthetic peptides representing this region were varied systematically: single residues were omit
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 1;88(15):6570-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319727
Lee-Huang S; Huang PL; Kung HF; Li BQ; Huang PL; Huang P; Huang HI; Chen HC; Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
An anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) protein capable of inhibiting HIV-1 infection and replication has been isolated and purified to homogeneity from Trichosanthes kirilowii. This protein, TAP 29 (Trichosanthes anti-HIV protein, 29 kDa), is distinct from trichosanthin [also known as GLQ 223 (26 kDa)] in siz
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 1;88(15):6740-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319760
Bader JP; McMahon JB; Schultz RJ; Narayanan VL; Pierce JB; Harrison WA; Weislow OS; Midelfort CF; Stinson SF; Boyd MR; Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Oxathiin carboxanilide (OC), NSC 615985, a compound originally synthesized as a potential fungicide, was demonstrated to be highly active in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced cell killing and in inhibiting HIV reproduction. Virus-infected CD4+ lymphocytes were completely protected by 0.5 microM OC,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 1;88(15):6858-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319783
Piatier-Tonneau D; Gastinel LN; Moussy G; Benichou B; Amblard F; Vaigot P; Auffray C; Institut d'Embryologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire du Centre; National de la Recherche Scientifique, College de France, Nogent; sur Marne.
CD4, a cell surface glycoprotein expressed primarily by T lymphocytes and monocytes, interacts with HLA class II antigens to regulate the immune response. In AIDS, CD4 is the receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus, which binds to CD4 through envelope glycoprotein gp120. Delineation of the ligand-binding sites o
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 1;88(15):6863-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91319784
Goldman ME; Nunberg JH; O'Brien JA; Quintero JC; Schleif WA; Freund KF; Gaul SL; Saari WS; Wai JS; Hoffman JM; et al; Department of New Lead Pharamcology, Merck Sharp & Dohme Research; Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486-0004.
Derivatives of pyridinones were found to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) activity and prevent the spread of HIV-1 infection in cell culture without an appreciable effect on other retroviral or cellular polymerases. 3-[( (4,7-Dimethyl-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl) methyl]amino ]-5-
Madaule P; Gairin JE; Benichou S; Rossier J; Laboratoire de Physiologie Nerveuse, Centre National de la; Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
In order to characterize novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) continuous epitopes, we designed a simple method, based on recombinant DNA, providing a complete set of peptides derived from HIV-1. A library (4 x 10(4) clones) was first constructed in a new expression/secretion vector, using as inserts small
Cancer Invest. 1991;9(2):229-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91322687
Miles SA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA AIDS Clinical Research; Center, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1793.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with multiple defects in immune regulation and hematopoiesis. These defects include decreased proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells and increased destruction of mature cells. There are also disturbances of regulatory cytokines. As a result, hematopoi
Shao Y; Institute of Virology, Chineses Academy of Preventive Medicine.
Blood were collected from HIV infected persons in epidemic area of HIV infection in Yunnan province for isolation of HIV. The coculture method was used for cultivating the virus and reverse transcriptase assay (RT) was the main method for detection of HIV. Of 25 seropositive, 24 asymptomatic and one PGL, 10 showed pos
Burgisser P; Frei PC; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier; Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.
The use of serological tests for the diagnosis of HIV infection has revealed that some non-infected persons have antibodies that react with HIV-1 gag proteins. Here, the sera of three non-infected subjects reacting with p17 and 11 non-infected subjects reacting with p24 were investigated, using an enzyme immunoassay (
Porstmann T; Meissner K; Glaser R; Dopel SH; Sydow G; Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School (Charite),; Humboldt University Berlin, F.R.G.
A sensitive non-isotopic assay for specific detection of reverse transcriptase (RT) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is described using 5-bromo-2 -deoxyuridine triphosphate (BrdUTP) instead of tritiated thymidine triphosphate. After the RT reaction the template primer is degraded by alkaline hydrolys
Kashanchi F; Liu ZQ; Atkinson B; Wood C; Department of Microbiology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045.
Infection of embryonic bovine lung (EBL) cells by bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV) were monitored by reverse transcriptase (RT), syncytia formation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Infection can be detected by PCR at 24 h while the presence of syncytia and RT were not detected until much later. The detecti
Ottmann M; Innocenti P; Thenadey M; Micoud M; Pelloquin F; Seigneurin JM; Laboratoire de virologie, Faculte de medecine-Centre; Hospitalier Universitaire, Grenoble, France.
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) viraemia in serum or plasma of HIV-infected individuals was investigated by the polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR) in combination with reverse transcription to detect HIV-1 genomic RNA. Before PCR, plasma or serum was ultracentrifuged, precipitated virions were then treated with a
Chalmers AC; Greco CM; Miller RG; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of San Francisco, CA; 94118.
The myopathy caused by zidovudine ( AZT ) appears to be common but is incompletely characterized, particularly regarding prognosis. Twenty patients with HIV infection developed a necrotizing myopathy while taking AZT for 9 to 30 months. Ten presented wi
Macchia D; Simonelli C; Parronchi P; Piccinni MP; Biswas P; Mazzetti M; Ravina A; Maggi E; Romagnani S; Istituto di Clinica Medica III, Universita degli Studi di; Firenze.
Three human T cell clones (TCC) specific for purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were incubated in the presence of polybrene and phytohemagglutinin with irradiated mononuclear cells from one individual exhibiting seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and high levels of circulating
Jensen JA; Hunt TK; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco.
Fundamental concepts of clinical wound healing are commonly misunderstood. A hypothetical curve that describes the relationship between wound perfusion and risk of infection is constructed as a teaching device. Although many factors influence this curve, the most important are the presence of bacteria, dead space, nec
The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) is a protein of 66 kDa, p66, which contains two domains, an amino-terminal DNA polymerase and an RNase H at the carboxy terminus of the molecule. In order to characterize the mode of action of the RNase H, two previously described mutant enzymes wer
Rhim H; Park J; Morrow CD; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
The initiation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcription occurs by the extension of a tRNA primer bound near the 5 end of the genomic RNA at a position termed the primer-binding site (PBS). The PBS is an 18-nucleotide region of the HIV-1 genome complementary to cellular tRNA(Lys). To furthe
Shang F; Huang H; Revesz K; Chen HC; Herz R; Pinter A; Laboratory of Retroviral Biology, Public Health Research; Institute, New York, New York 10016.
Eight monoclonal antibodies reactive with the matrix protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), p17gag, were isolated from rats which had been immunized with solubilized HIV-1 lysate. The epitope specificities of these antibodies were determined with a series of synthetic peptides representing overlapping
Xu JY; Gorny MK; Palker T; Karwowska S; Zolla-Pazner S; Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine,; New York 10016.
Immunogenic regions of the gp41 transmembrane protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were previously mapped by examining polyclonal sera from HIV-infected patients and rodent polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to peptides of gp41. To define the epitopes within these regions to which infected h
Nunberg JH; Schleif WA; Boots EJ; O'Brien JA; Quintero JC; Hoffman JM; Emini EA; Goldman ME; Department of Virus and Cell Biology, Merck Sharp & Dohme; Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific pyridinone reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors prevent HIV-1 replication in cell culture (M. E. Goldman, J. H. Nunberg, J. A. O Brien, J.C. Quintero, W. A. Schleif, K. F. Freund, S. L. Gaul, W. S. Saari, J. S. Wai, J. M. Hoffman, P. S. Anderson, D. J. Hupe, E. A.
Poulin L; Evans LA; Tang SB; Barboza A; Legg H; Littman DR; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
The human immunodefiency virus (HIV) uses the human CD4 glycoprotein as a receptor for infection of susceptible cells. Cells expressing a series of mutated forms of the CD4 gene have shown a variability in their ability to support replication of three HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and three HIV-2 strains. Moreover, when differen
Huang ML; Essex M; Lee TH; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Highly immunogenic domains have not yet been defined in the extracellular protein of the human immunodefiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) envelope. In this study, six contiguous segments covering the entire HIV-2ST envelope were amplified and cloned into a bacterial expression vector to localize the relative immunogenic reac
Yu XF; Yu QC; Essex M; Lee TH; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
vpx is a unique open reading frame found in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) but not in HIV-1. It encodes a 12- to 16-kDa virion-associated protein. Although vpx is dispensable for viral replication in several established human lymphocyte cell lines, there is no conse
Hafkemeyer P; Neftel K; Hobi R; Pfaltz A; Lutz H; Luthi K; Focher F; Spadari S; Hubscher U; Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, University of; Zurich-Irchel, Switzerland.
Penicillins, cephalosporins and other betalactam antibiotics are widely used antibacterial drugs. Recently it was found that some of them also have effects on proliferating eukaryotic cells (Neftel, K.A. and Hubscher, U. (1987) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 31, 1657-1661), and one such effect was shown to be the inhib
Kappes JC; Conway JA; Lee SW; Shaw GM; Hahn BH; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
The genomes of HIV and SIV are complex and contain several accessory genes which modulate viral replication and pathogenicity. One of these genes, vpx, is unique to the HIV-2/SIV group of viruses and encodes a virion-associated protein of unknown function. To examine the function of vpx, we constructed a vpx-deficient
Peripheral blood cells with the HNK-1 phenotype were studied in HIV infected patients of which 28 with Asymptomatic Infection (AI), 64 with Persistent Generalized Lymphoadenopathy (PGL), 9 with AIDS Related Complex (ARC), and 12 with AIDS. Eight normal subjects served as controls. Two-color immunofluorescence by flow
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 May;7(5):459-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337532
Chambers RF; Terada M; Kufe D; Ohno T; Nissin Molecular Biology Institute, Boston, MA.
The shaking method of harvesting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a powerful method of obtaining high titer, highly infective virus solutions. In this method infected cells are suspended in a small volume of liquid and the mixture is shaken. Viral infectivity, measured by tissue culture infective dose (T
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1991 May;7(5):485-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91337535
Mannhalter JW; Pum M; Wolf HM; Kupcu Z; Barrett N; Dorner F; Eder G; Eibl MM; Institute of Immunology, University of Vienna, Austria.
The goal of the present study was to investigate the antigen-specific T-cell response to the recombinant HIV envelope glycoprotein (gp160) and to test the effect of various adjuvant formulations on the efficiency of T-cell priming as well as on magnitude and longevity of the gp160-specific T-cell response. Our studies
van der Wouw PA; van Leeuwen R; van Oers RH; Lange JM; Danner SA; Department of Internal Medicine (AIDS Unit), University of; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Twelve male patients, eight with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and four with AIDS related complex (ARC), who had zidovudine associated neutropenia (less than 1 x 10(9) neutrophils/l) were treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a phase I/II study. Treatment consi
Hiemstra H; Nieuweboer CE; Idoe MA; Claassen JE; Vos AH; Tersmette M; Strengers PF; Over J; Mauser-Bunschoten EP; Heijboer H; et al; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
In the routine production of a factor VIII concentrate (produced by adsorption of contaminating proteins in cryoprecipitate to controlled-pore silica and concentration of the factor VIII effluent by ultrafiltration) the terminal dry-heat treatment has been replaced by pasteurization in the liquid state. High effectivi
Pimpinelli N; Borgognoni L; Riccardi R; Ficarra G; Mori M; Gaglioti D; Romagnoli P; Clinica Dermatologica II, University of Florence, Italy.
In this study, we have investigated by light and electron microscopy the presence, distribution, and inner structure of CD36(OKM5)+ dendritic cells (DC) in the lamina propria and epithelium of the oral mucosa of HIV- and HIV+ subjects; in the latter, both clinically healthy areas and areas of hairy leukoplakia (HL) we
Orvell C; Unge T; Bhikhabhai R; Backbro K; Ruden U; Strandberg B; Wahren B; Fenyo EM; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Eighteen monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against the purified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) protein were produced. The antibodies were characterized by competitive ELISAs and Western blot experiments, and with nested, nine amino acid long peptides representing the whole 5
J Med Chem. 1991 Aug;34(8):2595-600. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91341721
Kovacs T; Parkanyi L; Pelczer I; Cervantes-Lee F; Pannell KH; Torrence PF; Biomedical Chemistry Section, National Institute of Diabetes and; Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The recent finding that 3 -amino-3 -deoxythymidine 5 -triphosphate is a noncompetitive inhibitor of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (Kedar, P.S.; et al. Biochemistry 1990, 29, 3603-3611), prompted an investigation of the conformation of 3 -amino-3 -deoxythymidine. An X-ray diffraction study has revealed that the glyco
Werner LL; Torres JV; Leung CY; Kwang HS; Malley A; Benjamini E; University of California, School of Medicine, Department of; Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Davis.
We previously reported that an area encompassing amino acids 147-162 of the envelope region of the simian (type D) retrovirus serotype 1 (SRV-1) constitutes an antigenic site for the binding of murine and rhesus neutralizing antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies to SRV-2 are directed to a different area, encompassing re
Cox S; Koshida R; Harmenberg J; Wahren B; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Various combinations of inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase were tested for inhibition of HIV replication in order to reveal any potential synergism or antagonism. PFA, a pyrophosphate analogue, gave synergistic inhibition of HIV replication in combination with both of the thymidine analogues
A truncated molecule containing the first 183 amino acid residues of the HIV-1 receptor, CD4, was made by periplasmic secretion in Escherichia coli. The signal sequence from the E. coli proteins OmpA, PhoA, or OmpF was fused to the truncated CD4, under the control of either the trp or the lac promoter. The processed m
Cohen, Philip T.; Sande, Merle A; Volberding, Paul A., eds. The AIDS Knowledge Base: A Textbook on HIV Disease from the University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco General Hospital. Waltham, Mass.: Medical Publishing Group, 1990 :Sect. 10.1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33205
Misztal, Barbara A.; Moss, David, eds. Action on AIDS: National Policies in Comparative Perspective. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990 :79-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33381
Misztal, Barbara A.; Moss, David, eds. Action on AIDS: National Policies in Comparative Perspective. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990 :101-119. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33382
Misztal, Barbara A.; Moss, David, eds. Action on AIDS: National Policies in Comparative Perspective. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990 :121-133. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33383
Misztal, Barbara A.; Moss, David, eds. Action on AIDS: National Policies in Comparative Perspective. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990 :135-166. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33384
Misztal, Barbara A.; Moss, David, eds. Action on AIDS: National Policies in Comparative Perspective. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990 :189-215. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33386
Misztal, Barbara A.; Moss, David, eds. Action on AIDS: National Policies in Comparative Perspective. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990 :217-234. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33387
Misztal, Barbara A.; Moss, David, eds. Action on AIDS: National Policies in Comparative Perspective. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990 :25-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33379
Misztal, Barbara A.; Moss, David, eds. Action on AIDS: National Policies in Comparative Perspective. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990 :51-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/33380
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