Immunological and Virological Evaluation of Vaccinees, and standardization of Procedures [Geneva] : The Organization, [1987] 11 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9103570
San Jose, Costa Rica : Asociacion Demografica Costarricense, Departamento de Investigaciones Sociodemograficas, 1988 [16] p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9103180
Ann Arbor, Mich. : School of Business Administration, University of Michigan, c1988 24 p. : ports (William K. McInally memorial lectures ; 21st) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9103692
Washington, D.C. (1220 L St., N.W., Washington 20005) : Public Health Foundation, [1988] v, 23 p (Publication / Public Health Foundation ; no. 112) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9103768
Geneva : World Health Organization ; Albany, N.Y. : WHO Publications Center USA [distributor], 1988 iii, 11 p (WHO AIDS series, ISSN 1011-5773 ; 2) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9103395
Atlanta, GA : Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, 1989- v. : ill., ports Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9103572
[Sao Paulo] : Centro de Estudos Prof. Pedro de Alcantara, Instituto da Crinca, Hospital das Clinicas, FMUSP, [1989?] 30 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9102976
Geneva : World Health Organization in collaboration with International Federation of Sports Medicine, [1989] [3] p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9103007
Mexico : Secretaria de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Fondo de Cultura Economica, c1989 507 p. : ill (Biblioteca de la salud. Serie formacion e informacion) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9103181
Newbury Park, Calif. : Sage Publications, c1991 x, 153 p. : ill (Sage series on race and ethnic relations ; v. 3) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9104033
Powerful molecular biologic approaches are increasing knowledge about normal growth processes, and major insights are being gained from direct investigations of the molecular basis of a number of genetically determined diseases and of chronic diseases such as cancer. An international workshop on bioengineered molecule
Seroepidemiological studies effected during a five year period in a feral baboon colony housed at The Ohio State University, showed a high prevalence of antibodies cross-reacting with HTLV-I virus. Seroconversion rates of previously negative females as well as male baboons during the same period of time were elevated.
G Ital Med Lav. 1988 Jul-Sep;10(4-5):173-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91138925
Candura F; Moscato G; Maserati R; Scuole di Specializzazione in Medicina del Lavoro e in; Allergologia, Universita di Pavia.
Health-care workers are exposed to risk of HIV infection. Blood and body fluids containing blood are the most important sources of HIV and the major risk for health-care workers occurs by incidental parenteral contact with these fluids. Therefore, the risk can be minimized by taking care to prevent injuries and by usi
Oyerinde JP; Odugbemi T; Benson RI; Alonge AA; Roberts JI
Cryptosporidium spp is a coccidian protozoan which has recently been reported as a possible important aetiological agent of diarrhoea, especially in immunocompromised hosts such as patients with acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS). In the present report, 890 stool specimens of patients including diarrhoea cases
Orrantia Gradin RD; Arredondo Garcia JL; Karchmer Krivitzky S
After the first case of HIV infection in a pregnant woman in our hospital, we thought on the need to review the medical literature about HIV infection and pregnancy and bring up to date the knowledge of this topic to the obstetricians and neonatologists. HIV infection is caused by a retrovirus. It selectively infects
Soll DB; Redovan EG; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Medicine and Dentistry; of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden.
Early recognition and identification of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) ocular manifestations are mandatory if proper precautions are to be taken. Kaposi s sarcoma is a well-known manifestation of the disease; however, the initial presentation of the lesion on the eyelid is rare. Such a case is presented in
New Biol. 1989 Dec;1(3):275-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91120692
Ruben SM; Perkins A; Rosen CA; Department of Molecular Oncology and Virology, Roche Research; Center, Nutley, NJ 07110.
The Tax protein of human T-cell leukemia virus is a potent transcriptional activator of viral and cellular genes, including the genes for interleukin 2 and interleukin 2 receptor alpha chain (IL2R alpha). The NF-kappa B protein has been implicated in Tax-mediated activation of IL2R alpha gene expression. We show that
Cotone C; Lucentini MO; del Prado C; Mattera RS; Jauregui Rueda H; Tiraboschi NI
Cryptococcus neoformans is an infrequent but important cause of severe disease in immunodepressed patients, especially in those with AIDS. We refer the case of a 45 year old patient with clinical, epidemiological and serological patterns of HIV-induced infection in the course of which the patient suffered a subacute n
Moura H; Fernandes O; Viola JP; Silva SP; Passos RH; Lima DB; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Ciencias; Medicas, Departamento de Patologia e Laboratorios, Brasil.
The occurrence of intestinal parasites, its relation with the transmission mechanism of HIV, and the clinical state of the AIDS patients, were analyzed in 99 Group IV patients (CDC, 1986), treated at Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto (HUPE), between 1986 and 1988. The group consisted of 79 (79.8%) patients whose HI
de Andrade JG; Souza LC; Alves M de F; Pfrimer IA; Tosta CE; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saude Publica/UFG, Hospital; de Doencas Tropicais, Goiania, Brasil.
AIDS or HIV infection, since 1981 when the first description was made because of showing epidemic characteristics, present increasing in number of patients, go along with high mortality, the disease become an event not only medically but also for any parts of the society. There is a danger of AIDS in risky groups and
Int Immunol. 1989;1(1):43-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91137486
Shibuya H; Yoneyama M; Taniguchi T; Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University,; Japan.
Interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) plays an essential role in the clonal expansion of antigen-activated T lymphocytes (T cells). In fact, the expression of both IL-2 and IL-2 receptor (IL-2R, p55, CD25) genes is transiently induced upon T cell activation through the interaction of a
Rev Chir Oncol Radiol O R L Oftalmol Stomatol Ser Stomatol. 1989 Oct-Dec;36(4):243-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91134489
Burlibasa C; Tovaru S; Clinica de Chirurgie Buco-Maxilo-Faciala, I.M.F. Bucuresti.
The disease determined by HIV, increasingly more frequent, is affecting certain groups of patients (homosexuals, drug addicts, polytransfused subjects). The clinical picture at the onset is not specific. Later on in the course of the disease the immunological capacity of defense of the organism is affected and a serie
New Biol. 1989 Dec;1(3):318-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91120696
Felber BK; Derse D; Athanassopoulos A; Campbell M; Pavlakis GN; Frederick Cancer Research Facility BRI-Basic Research Program, MD; 21701-1013.
The Rex regulatory proteins of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) and bovine leukemia virus (BLV), and the Rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), promote the cytoplasmic accumulation and translation of viral messenger mRNAs encoding structural proteins. Rev and Rex act through cis-acting
DNA Cell Biol. 1990 Oct;9(8):589-602. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M24110
Blum S; Forsdyke RE; Forsdyke DR; Department of Biochemistry, Queen's University, Kingston,; Ontario, Canada.
The G0S19 genes are members of the small inducible family of genes, which have similar exon-intron organizations and encode secreted proteins with similar dispositions of cysteine and proline residues. G0S19-1 mRNA is increased shortly after the addition of lectin or cycloheximide to cultured human blood mononuclear c
Br Dent J. 1990 Nov 24;169(10):332-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91104192
Scully C; Epstein JB; Porter S; Luker J; Centre for the Study of Oral Diseases, University Department of; Oral Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, Bristol Dental Hospital and; School.
Chai JY; Shin SM; Yun CK; Yu JR; Lee SH; Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Seoul National; University, Korea.
Cryptosporidium, a coccidian parasite first described by Tyzzer (1907) from a laboratory mouse, has become an important human enteric pathogen causing overwhelming diarrhea especially in immunocompromised patients such as AIDS. This parasite has been reported from over 20 countries and is recognized as a cosmopolitan
Biochemistry. 1990 Oct 23;29(42):9839-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91104892
Bondoc LL Jr; Shannon WM; Secrist JA 3d; Vince R; Fridland A; Department of Biochemical and Clinical Pharmacology, St. Jude; Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38101.
Carbovir (CBV) is a highly selective carbocyclic nucleoside inhibitor of HIV replication in human lymphocytes and is potentially useful in the treatment of AIDS [Vince et al. (1988) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 156, 1046-1053]. Using human lymphoid cells severely deficient in nucleoside kinases, we were able to iden
Expansion of transfusion medicine has led to an increasing awareness of the importance of its practice. Specialists in this branch of haematology whose main aim is to provide adequate and safe supplies of blood (and blood products) and to ensure these are used appropriately, are increasingly aware that to do this effi
BMJ. 1990 Dec 1;301(6763):1253-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91105343
Logan FA; Maclean A; Howie CA; Gibson B; Hann IM; Parry-Jones WL; Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow.
OBJECTIVE--To assess the need for formal psychotherapeutic intervention in children attending a children s haemophilia clinic after some of them had been diagnosed as positive for HIV. DESIGN--Comparison of haemophiliac children with matched control groups of diabetic and healthy children. SETTING--The West of Scotlan
Human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV), the etiology of AIDS is also the cause of a primary infection of the central nervous system. The AIDS Dementia Complex is a common and important cause of morbidity in patients in advanced stages of infection. Subacute encephalitis demonstrating, the neuropathogenicity of HIV
Matsuo H; Nakamura T; Shibayama K; Motomura M; Nagasato K; Takeo G; Tsujihata M; Nagataki S; First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School; of Medicine, Japan.
Dan Med Bull. 1990 Oct;37(5):449-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91106182
Lindvig K; Nielsen TL; Videboek R; Pedersen C; Department of Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen.
To assess the prevalence and extent of cardiac abnormalities in patients with newly diagnosed AIDS, 24 consecutive patients admitted for treatment for acute opportunistic infections were examined with echocardiography during hospitalisation. None of the patients had known cardiac disease or were drug abusers. A total
In response to an overview in Dermatosen 32, 195 (1984), here is given an update based on citations of newer works in this field. The growing importance of atypical mycobacteria is supported by the increasing cases of such infections in AIDS-patients.
In professionally conditioned HIV infections of medical personnel, blood has so far been the only source of infection that is of any importance. Hence, measures to prevent such infections must primarily aim at avoiding any contact with blood from HIV-infected patients. Since the HIV status of the patients and possibly
Int J Addict. 1990 Jul;25(7):745-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91107143
Hjorther A; Nielsen FM; Segest E; Copenhagen City Drug Dependency Clinic, Rudolph Berghs Hospital,; Denmark.
The slogan safer sex was presented in a questionnaire investigation carried out over an interval of 6 months among intravenous drug addicts (N = 116) attending three different outpatient clinics in Copenhagen. Despite this, many of the patients, who were mainly heterosexual and many of whom were HIV positive, continue
Cazzullo CL; Gala C; Ducati A; Landi A; Donati R; Russo R; Rossini M; Nicolosi A; Istituto di Clinica Psichiatrica, Universita degli Studi di; Milano.
18 subjects with symptomless HIV infection were investigated with multimodal evoked potentials for possible CNS involvement and again after an 8-12 month interval. 13 subjects showed neuropsychological changes, which were confirmed at the second examination. The 5 subjects found normal remained so at the second examin
Silvestrini M; Floris R; Tagliati M; Stanzione P; Sancesario G; Clinica Neurologica, II Universita degli Studi di Roma.
In an HIV-seropositive patient presenting generalized tonic-clonic seizures, magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid examination disclosed the signs of a previous subarachnoid bleed. No vascular malformation was observed with cerebral angiography. Laboratory tests revealed an autoimmune thrombocytopenia. A
The US Public Health Service recently completed and published Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives. The report is the culmination of a national effort, representing the work of citizens, professionals, organizations, and communities, and the cooperation of numerous federal a
Montalban C; Calleja JL; Erice A; Laguna F; Clotet B; Podzamczer D; Cobo J; Mallolas J; Yebra M; Gallego A; Division of Internal Medicine, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid,; Spain.
We describe 40 HIV-seropositive patients who developed visceral leishmaniasis. All the patients lived in areas endemic for visceral leishmaniasis and belonged to groups at risk for AIDS. Twenty-three patients (57.2%) had definitive AIDS before or after diagnosis of leishmaniasis and 77.5% were classified as belonging
Konopka K; Davis BR; Larsen CE; Alford DR; Debs RJ; Duzgunes N; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0128.
We have investigated the effects of the fusion of liposomes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1LVA) on the ability of the virus to infect CD4+ and CD4- cells. Fluorescence dequenching measurements indicated that HIV-1 fuses with liposomes composed of either cardiolipin (CL) or N-[2,3-(dioleyloxy) propyl]-N
Two non-alcoholic homosexual patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are reported who developed acute Wernicke s encephalopathy in the terminal stage of their illness. The first patient presented with vascular congestion, minute haemorrhages, proliferation of microglia and of the vessel walls at the pr
J Okla State Med Assoc. 1990 Nov;83(11):535-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91108583
Westerman EL; Hutton JP; Potts DW; University of Oklahoma College of Medicine-Tulsa OUCMT.
Human immunovirus (HIV) infections and related diseases continue to consume a major portion of health care resources nationwide and in the state of Oklahoma. There were 162 new cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosed in Oklahoma in 1989 and an additional 347 cases of other HIV infections were repo
Anderson BD; Chiang CY; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of; Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.
(+-)-Carbovir [(+-)-9-[4 alpha-(hydroxymethyl)-cyclopent-2-ene-1 alpha-yl]guanine; NSC 614846] is a novel carbocyclic nucleoside analogue which has been shown to be a potent and selective inhibitor of HIV in vitro. As part of an effort to develop a parenteral formulation for subsequent clinical and toxicological evalu
Dworkin BM; Wormser GP; Axelrod F; Pierre N; Schwarz E; Schwartz E; Seaton T; New York Medical College, Sarah C. Upham Division of; Gastroenterology, Valhalla 10595.
One of the major clinical manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC) is the development of cachexia. This most likely results from a multifactorial interplay of poor diet, malabsorption, and altered metabolism. To assess the potential role of nutrient intake in the d
Nakamura T; Shibayama K; Nagasato K; Matsuo H; Tsujihata M; Nagataki S; First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School; of Medicine, Japan.
We investigated the efficacy of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment in 5 patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy (HAM). Treatment with IFN-alpha yielded clinical improvement of gait, and sensory and/or sphincter disturbance in 4 out of the 5 HAM patients. IFN-alpha treatment d
Wada H; Ohiwa M; Mori Y; Tanigawa M; Tamaki S; Kobayashi T; Minami N; Deguchi K; Shirakawa S; Kusano I; et al; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mie; University, Tsu, Japan.
Disseminated mycobacterial infection was found at autopsy in a male patient with hemophilia B and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In May 1986, 23 months before death, the patient had encephalitis for one month and in July he developed a fever, malaise and generalized lymphoadenopathy. Human immunosuppressiv
Lombardi G; Gramegna G; Cavanna C; Michelone G; Istituto di Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Universita di; Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Italy.
Fluconazole, a novel triazole antifungal drug, holds promise as a significant advance in the management of human fungal diseases. This new drug can be both orally and parenterally administered and is reported to be less toxic than other antifungal agents. The Authors studied the in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isola
Public Health. 1990 Nov;104(6):425-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91110859
Pritchard C; Cox M; Department of Social Work Studies, University of Southampton.
This study of drug and solvent misuse and knowledge of the HIV link amongst 934 secondary school students, completes a third survey concerned with prevalence of drug misuse. Drug and/or solvent misuse was found in 16% of the sample including 5% who use hard drugs, which since 1985 represents a 3% decline, but a 1% inc
Peters BS; Fish D; Golden R; Evans DA; Bryceson AD; Pinching AJ; Department of Immunology, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School,; London, UK.
The development of visceral leishmaniasis with atypical features in an AIDS patient, and the recent flurry of reports of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected individuals prompted the review of its manifestations in the 47 reported cases. Splenomegaly, which is almost always a feature of visceral leishmaniasis in the
Chaulet P; Clinique de Pneumo-Phtisiologie Matiben, Centre Hospitalier; Universitaire d'Alger-Ouest.
Tuberculosis will remain one of the main health concerns in the world for the next ten years. Economic crises in the Third World and AIDS epidemics in Africa have contributed to maintain a high level prevalence of tuberculosis in the poorest countries. Failures of tuberculosis control measures are due more often to mi
Murray JF; Chest Service, San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center,; Calif.
Tuberculosis remains a health problem of extraordinary magnitude, especially in developing countries. Unfortunately, many of the same countries have the additional burden of a remarkably high prevalence of HIV infection. Because of the inherent capacity of tubercle bacilli to take advantage of deficiencies in cell-med
The abuse of injections in the developing world has reached alarming proportions in recent years. Formal as well as informal health providers administer far too many injections to clients who perceive this form of treatment as superior to all other forms of medicine administration. Often sterilization procedures are l
A total of 55 men infected with HIV, aged 19 to 42, were examined by clinical and psychopathological methods. Thirty-two of these were heterosexuals, 23 suffered from disturbed psychosocial orientation in respect of the object sex (homosexuals). Lymphadenopathy was the major clinical manifestation of HIV infection. Ne
The global AIDS epidemic already influences health planning and distribution of resources to a great extent in the health sectors of many countries, particularly in the third world. AIDS will influence health development markedly among certain population groups in many of the countries with whom Danida works and the s
Nicolau DP; West TE; Medical University Hospital, Medical University of South; Carolina, Charleston.
An increasing number of AIDS patients have been noted to suffer severe recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a condition often associated with high morbidity that remains unresponsive to conventional therapeutic interventions. In two cases thalidomide was administered to successfully treat AIDS patients with RAS. Both
Ann Radiol (Paris). 1990;33(3):200-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91112696
Vicens JL; Aubspin D; Buchon R; Schoenenberger P; Danguy des Deserts M; Debord T; Roue R; Flageat J; Service de Radiologie, HIA Begin, Saint-Mande.
Pyomyositis is a purulent infection of skeletal muscle, a rare entity in temperate climates. The disease has been rarely reported in patients with AIDS. Staphylococcus aureus is the predominant organism. This article presents a case of pyomyositis following insertion of a central venous catheter. Imaging techniques (u
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Sep;56(9):2755-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/K03457
Zolg JW; Lanciotti RS; Wendlinger M; Meyer WA 3d; Department of Molecular Biology, Biomedical Research Institute,; Rockville, Maryland 20852.
Blood samples to be tested for the presence of parasite DNA by using specific DNA probes are routinely stored in our laboratory as high-salt lysates (HSL). To safeguard against the risk of accidental infection with etiological agents such as the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) while manipulating large numb
Br Dent J. 1990 Dec 8-22;169(11):370-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91113455
Scully C; Epstein JB; Porter S; Luker J; Department of Oral Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, Bristol; Dental Hospital and School.
This is the last of a series of three articles on the recognition of oral lesions of HIV infection. It deals with the less common, and some rare lesions.
Cancer Surv. 1990;9(1):157-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91114020
Adamson JW; Eschbach JW; New York Blood Center, New York 10021.
Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) has now been in clinical trials for over four years. rHuEpo has been shown to be nearly uniformly effective in correcting the anaemia of patients on haemodialysis or patients with progressive chronic renal failure not yet on dialysis. rHuEpo has been shown to be effective in i
Smith MR; Greene WC; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke; University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
The type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) encodes a 40-kD nuclear trans-regulatory protein termed Tax that transcriptionally activates the HTLV-I long terminal repeat (LTR), as well as select [corrected] cellular and heterologous viral promoters. Tax does not bind DNA specifically but, rather, acts in a more ind
Petrick TJ; Family Health International, Durham, NC.
Changes in reproductive technology and contraceptive availability have resulted in ethical reconsiderations in many countries. The United States has been no exception. A discussion of the applicable ethical principles for contraceptive research and family planning programs is presented
Candido A; Rossi P; Menichella G; Pierelli L; Pizzigallo E; Camilli G; Rumi C; Mango G; Servizio di Ematologia, Universita Cattolica del S. Cuore; (U.C.S.C.), Roma, Italy.
In HIV infection, numerous alterations of the hematopoietic system, with frequent cytopenias in peripheral blood and dysplasia of the bone marrow, have been observed. In order to assess the incidence of the myelodysplastic anomalies, 69 bone marrow aspirate smears from 47 patients with group IV HIV infection, as class
Health Soc Work. 1990 Nov;15(4):283-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91115250
Biller R; Rice S; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center/Immune Disorder Center, Los Angeles,; California 90048-1869.
Through a case study approach involving seven respondents and intensive personal interviews, the authors explored grief and bereavement issues for survivors experiencing multiple loss of persons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). A three-stage model of grief including avoidance, confrontation, and reesta
Immunol Lett. 1990 Oct;26(1):67-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91115359
Ujhelyi E; Fuchs D; Krall G; Zimonyi I; Berkessy S; Bujdoso S; Paloczi K; Mihalik R; Fust G; Wachter H; et al; National Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion,; Budapest, Hungary.
Sixteen HIV-seropositive haemophiliacs were followed up for 42 months and 9 other patients for 24 months. All patients were infected in 1983 or 1984. T cell subsets and serum neopterin levels were measured twice a year. The patients were divided into three groups according to their age in 1989: group A (children) less
Int Nurs Rev. 1990 Nov-Dec;37(6):373-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91115547
Kiereini EM; WHO Regional Nursing/Midwifery Task Force, Nairobi, Kenya.
Some 2 million women around the world are infected with HIV and it is estimated that the number of infected women may overtake the number of infected men by the mid-1990s. But the effect of AIDS on women does not stop here. An incalculable number of women are affected by the economic and social consequences of the dis
Connolly KJ; Hammer SM; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
The acute aseptic meningitis syndrome is an entity that presents a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. Although many infectious and noninfectious etiologies exist for this syndrome, viruses, especially nonpolio enteroviruses, are the classic and most important agents encountered. The incidence of polio and mumps me
Arendt G; Hefter H; Elsing C; Strohmeyer G; Freund HJ; Department of Neurology, University of Dusseldorf, Federal; Republic of Germany.
Motor tests were performed in 50 HIV-infected patients in all stages according to the current CDC classification, but without any clinically evident central nervous system deficit, and the results compared with an age-matched control group. Patients were excluded from the study if there was alcohol or drug abuse, feve
N Y State J Med. 1990 Dec;90(12):588-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91117372
Ellinas PA; Rosner F; Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx,; NY.
Five patients were treated at the Queens Hospital Center between 1987 and 1989 for tuberculosis of the spine. All were members of low socioeconomic status minority groups: four were black and one was Asian. Three were intravenous drug abusers and were positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), one was homeless a
N Y State J Med. 1990 Dec;90(12):591-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91117373
Travin S; Lee HK; Bluestone H; Department of Psychiatry, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, Bronx,; NY 10456.
A survey was conducted in an inner city general hospital to determine the prevalence and characteristics of violent patients. The patients were evaluated by psychiatrists in the psychiatric emergency and psychiatric consultation services during a six-month period, and in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) c
Di John D; Krasinski K; Lawrence R; Borkowsky W; Johnson JP; Schieken LS; Rennels MB; Department of Pediatrics, New York University Medical; Center-Bellevue Hospital Center, NY.
Barzilai A; Sperling RS; Hyatt AC; Wedgwood JF; Reidenberg BE; Hodes DS; Department of Pediatrics and Obstetrics, Mount Sinai School of; Medicine, New York, NY 10029.
Spivak B; Mester R; Babur I; Mark M; Bleich A; Weizman A; Geha Psychiatric Hospital, Beilinson Medical Center, Tel Aviv,; Israel.
A modern complaint--fear of AIDS--is making its way into the world of psychopathology and is becoming a symptom of a wide range of psychiatric disorders, including severe ones. We present a case of a young man who developed a pathological bizarre preoccupation of having AIDS and underwent various unnecessary medical p
Melvin GC; Ellison SR; Monk CM; Bates TR; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Southern University,; College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Houston 77004.
Using a three-way crossover experimental design, the effects of food and propantheline bromide on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered zidovudine ( AZT ; 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine) were assessed in six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by the urina
Res Virol. 1990 Sep-Oct;141(5):557-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91117843
Renom G; Bouquety JC; Lanckriet C; Georges AJ; Siopathis MR; Martin PM; Institut Pasteur, Bangui.
In order to improve the diagnosis of HIV infection in children born to seropositive mothers, 86 children were previously tested by Western blotting for anti-HIV IgA in tears and IgG in serum, at a median age of 9.2 months. To determine the exact value of the assay, 68/86 children of the same cohort were retested 9 mon
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1990 Sep-Oct;84(5):725-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91118210
Kelly P; Burnham G; Radford C; Malamulo Hospital, Makwasa, Malawi.
This study was undertaken to determine the extent to which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has increased hospital admissions for tuberculosis (TB) in a rural population of southern Malawi . The notes and chest X-rays of TB patients admitted to Malamulo hospital in 1983
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1990 Sep-Oct;84(5):728-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91118211
Martin DJ; Schoub BD; Padayachee GN; Smith AN; Lyons SF; McGillivray GM; Naidoo S; Hurwitz HS; Department of Virology, University of the Witwatersrand, South; Africa.
A sero-epidemiological surveillance study to monitor the prevalence of HIV-1 infection in Johannesburg, South Africa , was commenced in February 1988. The population selected for study were attenders at clinics for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and at family planning (FP) cli
A proteinase is essential for replication of HIV. Cloning and chemical synthesis have provided a sufficient supply of HIV-1 proteinase for the determination of its three-dimensional structure. Analogies between the structures of HIV-1 proteinase and the mammalian enzyme renin, which is involved in the control of blood
A sensitive, amplified assay for HIV-1 pol region RNA was developed using RNA probes which are replicated by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, Q beta replicase. A synthetic target RNA was hybridized in cell lysates prepared with guanidine thiocyanate with an RNA reporter probe and four deoxyoligonucleotide capture pro
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1990;48(7):498-501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91119254
Gingeras TR; Whitfield KM; Kwoh DY; Salk Institute Biotechnology/Industrial Associates, Inc., San; Diego, California 92138-9216.
The development of a transcription-based amplification system and its application to a retrospective analysis of HIV-1-infected clinical samples demonstrated the specificity and sensitivity of this in vitro amplification procedure. The TAS protocol has been modified to mimic the retroviral strategy of replication, res
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1990;48(7):502-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91119255
Lebacq P; Bioprobe Systems Laboratories, Montreuil-Sous-Bois.
Nucleic acid probes represent an essential tool for molecular investigation in both basic and applied research. In this last field they are particularly useful for diagnosis or prognosis and even for therapy. In the diagnosis, the nucleic probes theoretically allow to reach a sensitive level of reliability never obtai
Great strides have been made in the past year in uncovering the pathogenesis of AIDS/HIV, in administering certain drugs to retard the course of AIDS/HIV, in allaying the concerns of the general public, and in dispelling the many myths regarding AIDS/HIV. ASHA s Committee on Quality Assurance has provided this update
Tonkin KS; Rustin GJ; Paradinas FJ; Cancer Research Campaign Laboratories, Charing Cross Hospital,; London, UK.
We report a patient who had non-epidermotropic T-cell infiltrates of the skin for 10 years prior to the development of a HTLV-1 associated disseminated T-cell lymphoma. The presentation and initial course of the lymphoma were unusual and we believe this is the first report of such an association. We therefore feel tha
Glynne-Jones R; Hungerford JL; Johnson MA; Plowman PN; Department of Radiotherapy, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London,; UK.
A case of epidemic Kaposi s sarcoma involving the conjunctiva is reported. The lesion responded completely to local irradiation without the loss of normal tissue tolerance which has been described at other sides. A review of the literature and guidelines for therapy are presented.
Stellbrink HJ; Koperski K; Albrecht H; Greten H; Medizinische Kernklinik und Poliklinik, Universitatskrankenhaus; Eppendorf, Hamburg, FRG.
The case of a 36-year-old HIV-1-positive patient is presented. After an episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and cytomegalovirus retinitis a pruritic lesion developed on the thigh with subsequent intracutaneous abscess formation and regional lymph-node enlargement. Mycobacteri
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jun;67(6):419-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91121991
Pearson CA; Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesha, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Previous work has shown that hypomelanosis is a useful sign to aid suspicion of tuberculosis in patients with dark skins. This study has confirmed that it is unrelated to haemoglobin levels. A simple colour card melanometer for clinical use is described. As hypomelanosis has not been noted in HIV infection in Africa
Bundino S; Barberis L; Zina AM; Clinica Dermatologica II, Universita degli Studi di Torino.
We present the case of an ulcerative lesion of the nasal mucous membrane and of the cutis surrounding the nose, starting six months ago, in a 26 year-old woman. From the histological picture a necrotic Herpes-virus infection was diagnosed. This suggested the existence of a deficiency of cell-mediated immunity. In fact
Graham BS; Rowland JM; Modliszewski A; Montefiori DC; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,; Nashville, Tennessee 37232.
Cell-to-cell fusion plays an important role in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections. An assay to measure the antifusion activity of serum has been developed by using the fusion event that occurs between H9 cells chronically infected with HIV-1 (H9IIIB) and fusion-susceptible MT-2
Lillehoj EP; Alexander SS; Dubrule CJ; Wiktor S; Adams R; Tai CC; Manns A; Blattner WA; Cambridge Biotech Corp., Rockville, Maryland 20850.
A recombinant protein derived from the gp21 region of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) env gene was synthesized in Escherichia coli and purified by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The purified protein was free of contaminating bacterial proteins and retained reactivity with human
J Community Health. 1990 Dec;15(6):343-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91123483
Flaskerud JH; Nyamathi AM; School of Nursing, UCLA 90024-1702.
The purpose of this study was to test the effects of an AIDS education program on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of low income black and Latina women. A pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design was used with a 2-3 month retest of the experimental group. The sample consisted of 506 experimental and 2
Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1990 Dec;58(4):660-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91123803
Saha K; Chattopadhya D; Dash K; Saha U; Tyagi PK; Gupta MM; Paraashari A; Sharma AK; Department of Immunology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute,; University of Delhi, India.
Three-hundred-eighty-four leprosy patients were clinically examined for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in north and northeastern India , revealing a high incidence (5.2%) of STD among them. Eighteen males, one female, and one eunuch were found to have chancroid ulcer, gonococcal
Rosendaal FR; Smit C; Varekamp I; Brocker-Vriends AH; van Dijck H; Suurmeijer TP; Vandenbroucke JP; Briet E; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital, Leiden,; The Netherlands.
Adequate replacement therapy in haemophilia has been available for two decades. This has led to considerable improvements in the life expectancy and physical status of haemophilia patients. A study was conducted to investigate whether this has also led to improvements in quality of life. With this aim, information was
J Med Virol. 1990 Nov;32(3):183-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124013
van Doornum GJ; Hooykaas C; Huisman JG; van der Linden MM; Coutinho RA; Department of Public Health, Municipal Health Service of; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
To determine the heterosexual spread of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) infections, a cohort of 472 individuals with more than 5 heterosexual partners in the 6 months before entry was studied. They were recruited from visitors to the Clinic for Sexually Transmitted Diseases of the Municipal Health Service. Half o
Slade WR Jr; Lonano F; Neurology Service, VA Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11209.
Acute spinal epidural abscess is an uncommon disease. Recommended management has been mainly surgical. We recently treated three cases within 4 weeks. Lowered immune resistance played a role in two of the cases. We suggest that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome will increase the incidence of this uncommon entity and
Muller O; Musoke P; Sen G; Moser R; League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Geneva,; Switzerland.
Data of pediatric patients screened for HIV-1 infection between 1985 and 1989 were studied retrospectively in one of the major mission hospitals of Kampala ( Uganda ). Symptomatic HIV-1 infection was mainly acquired perinatally and was diagnosed in 87 per cent in children under 2 yea
Cimino T; Giacobbi D; Neirotti S; Ospedale Amedeo di Savoia, Torino.
A population of 100 drug addicts, two of whom were homosexual, all of them jailed has been considered. Patients were admitted on more than one occasion to a specially equipped ward for jailed patients at the Amedeo di Savoia of USL 4 of Turin. The clinical course of the condition brought on by HIV infection was compar
Rudy AC; Poynor WJ; Clinical Pharmacology Section, Indiana University School of; Medicine, Wishard Memorial Hospital, Indianapolis 46202.
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay was developed for pyrimethamine in plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), and buffer for the purpose of studying its plasma protein binding and RBC partitioning. Pyrimethamine (1000 ng/ml) was 94% bound to plasma proteins on average, depending on the pH of plasma. A comp
Jewell NP; Department of Statistics and Program in Biostatistics, University; of California, Berkeley 94720.
Analysis of studies of the epidemiology and natural history of infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and subsequent onset of AIDS are complicated by many statistical issues. Several such problems are associated with the nature of data collection which is often incomplete. Here we briefly survey some of the s
Singapore Med J. 1990 Dec;31(6):573-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126550
Kok LP; Ho ML; Heng BH; Ong YW; Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of; Singapore.
A psychosocial study of 5 high risk groups for AIDS (50 homosexuals, 50 drug addicts, 23 male to female transsexuals, 45 male patients at a sexually transmitted disease clinic, and 43 female prostitutes) and 5 matched control groups showed that the majority of the subjects were mostly single, with a secondary level of
Singapore Med J. 1990 Dec;31(6):587-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126552
Chew SK; Chan R; Monteiro EH; Sng EH; Communicable Disease Centre, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
As at 31 May 1990, fifty Singaporeans with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection had been detected. Of these, nineteen had the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The majority of infected persons had been infected through sexual contact (homosexual 52%; bisexual 24%; heterosexual 20%) with men and wo
The treatment of second degree burn wounds with glycerol conserved homografts yields good results in comparison with other techniques. However HIV-infection by this way has been reported. Apart from a description of the method of conservation and processing a method is outlined to avoid this path of HIV-infection. The
The risk of nosocomial risk of HIV infection and the problem of preventative measures to adopt has been modifying how workers in the health field deal with patients. In fact, the increased spreading of HIV infections within our population has led to the establishment of a national protocol of preventative measures by
Am J Otolaryngol. 1990 Nov-Dec;11(6):366-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91127769
Rarey KE; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida,; Gainesville 32610.
During the initial phase of clinical diagnosis and treatment of the manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, involvement of the ear appeared minor. In the past several years, however, otologic disorders increasingly have been reported in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as well as in r
Kellogg DE; Sninsky JJ; Kowk S; Department of Infection Diseases, Cetus Corporation, Emeryville,; California 94608.
We developed a quantitative assay for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA sequences using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The relative copy numbers of HIV-1 proviral DNA molecules were determined by coamplification of an HIV-1 gag sequence and a portion of the DQ alpha locus of the histocompa
This study compares AIDS incubation in different geographic areas, calendar time of infection, exposure group and age at exposure. Investigators from North America, Europe and Australia contributed data from 1891 people for whom dates of HIV seroconversion were known. We exclude
Data on sexual practices, collected during studies of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in 1978 and 1979, were analyzed for 4910 homosexual and bisexual men from Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and St Louis. Data on sexual practices in 1978 showed that white participants had larger numbers of non-steady m
Abdul-Quader AS; Tross S; Friedman SR; Kouzi AC; Des Jarlais DC; Narcotic and Drug Research, Inc., New York, NY 10013.
Previous studies have reported that intravenous drug users (IVDUs) have made considerable drug-use risk reduction, but less sexual risk reduction. This paper presents findings about sexual risk reduction by street-recruited IVDUs in New York City, and examines the predictors of sexual risk reduction. Sixty-one per cen
Killewo J; Nyamuryekunge K; Sandstrom A; Bredberg-Raden U; Wall S; Mhalu F; Biberfeld G; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Muhimbili Medical; Centre, Dares Salaam, Tanzania.
A population-based survey was carried out in the Kagera region of the United Republic of Tanzania in 1987 to determine the magnitude of HIV-1 infection and to study associated risk factors. The region was divided into one urban and three rural zones. A multistage cluster sampling
Temmerman M; Plummer FA; Mirza NB; Ndinya-Achola JO; Wamola IA; Nagelkerke N; Brunham RC; Piot P; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
We carried out a case-control study to investigate the role of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including infection with HIV, as risk factors for adverse outcome of pregnancy. Overall, 1507 women were enrolled within 24 h of delivery. Cases (n = 796) were mothers of low-birthweight infants (less than 2500 g) or o
Nowak MA; May RM; Anderson RM; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.
This paper presents a theory to explain the development of immunodeficiency disease after a long and variable incubation period of infection with HIV-1. Two assumptions are central to the theory: (1) mutation via reverse transcription during viral replication can generate viral strains resistant to neutralization by a
Msellati P; Dupon M; Morlat P; Lacoste D; Pellegrin JL; Dabis F; INSERM U. 330 Departement d'Informatique Medicale, Universite de; Bordeaux II, France.
A hospital-based surveillance of HIV infection was implemented in the Bordeaux Regional University Hospital ( France ). This reporting system, initiated by the Groupe d Epidemiologie Clinique du SIDA en Aquitaine, identified and followed-up 89 adult patients with transfusion-associat
Downs AM; Ancelle-Park RA; Brunet JB; WHO Collaborating Centre on AIDS, IMET, Paris, France.
Statistical modelling is applied to routine AIDS surveillance data to assess recent trends and to provide a range of short-term predictions. Several alternative functions have been fitted to half-yearly incidence data reported by the countries of the European Community by 31 December 1989 and adjusted for reporting de
Clarke JR; Krishnan V; Bennett J; Mitchell D; Jeffries DJ; Department of Medical Microbiology, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London, UK.
We have used the polymerase chain reaction to investigate HIV-1 infection of lung macrophages from 44 AIDS patients with pneumonia. Proviral HIV-1 DNA was detected in the lung macrophages of 47% (21 of 44) of patients tested; 32% (seven of 21) of the patients had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), and 56% (11 of 21
Fenouillet E; Sorensen AM; Lacroix M; Coutellier A; Herson S; Fretz-Foucault C; Gluckman JC; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Deficits; Immunitaires, CERVI, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere,; Paris, France.
We describe and evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a 22-amino-acid peptide corresponding to the carboxy-terminal end of HIV-1 gp120 and two 30-amino-acid long cyclic peptides including the two vicinal cysteines present on HIV-1 gp41 and on HIV-2 gp36. This te
d'Arminio Monforte A; Novati R; Galli M; Marchisio P; Massironi E; Tornaghi R; Saracco A; Principi N; Moroni M; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, Italy.
T-lymphocyte subsets and serum immunoglobulins were assayed in 27 neonates and 12 infants younger than 6 months, all born to HIV-seropositive mothers. No differences in T-lymphocyte subsets between the 27 seropositive and 34 seronegative infants were found at birth. Twelve seroreverted and 14 infected children were fo
Kemper CA; Tucker RM; Lang OS; Kessinger JM; Greene SI; Deresinski SC; Stevens DA; Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San; Jose, CA 95128.
The efficacy, toxicity and cost of orally administered dapsone (50-100 mg/day) for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) were evaluated in 30 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC). Six patients received primary and 24 secondary prophylaxis. Ten patients received a maximum dose of 100 mg/day an
Hochberg MC; Fox R; Nelson KE; Saah A; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Reiter s syndrome has been reported to occur in up to 10% of patients with HIV infection. However, no properly controlled epidemiological studies have been conducted to determine whether HIV infection is an independent risk factor or whether the immunodeficiency induced by HIV infection is permissive for infection wit
McKeganey N; Barnard M; Bloor M; Leyland A; Social Paediatric and Obstetric Research Unit, University of; Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
There are considerable difficulties associated with calculating the prevalence of covert, illegal and stigmatized activities. This paper outlines new methods we have developed for calculating the prevalence of both drug-injecting street prostitution and non-injecting street prostitution in Glasgow. Our data indicate t
Hillman RJ; O'Mara N; Taylor-Robinson D; Harris JR; Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Clinical Research; Centre, Harrow.
Sexual assault of males is an infrequently reported and a poorly understood phenomenon. Details of 100 victims who sought assistance from a nationwide agency set up specifically to provide help for such individuals are reported here. Twenty eight victims were aged 16 years or over at the time of assault. The assailant
A random 10% sample of patients aged 65 years and over in a large rural practice were screened by a member of the primary health care team. Five at risk categories were chosen: lives alone, unable to prepare own food, no telephone, death of partner in last two years and discharged from hospital in last two months. T
New Biol. 1990 Aug;2(8):712-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91129180
Valerie K; Rosenberg M; Department of Macromolecular Sciences, Smith Kline and French; Laboratories, King of Prussia, PA 19406-0939.
We have investigated the effects of different DNA-damaging agents on HIV-1 gene expression. We find that agents that produce bulky DNA lesions, similar to those induced by ultraviolet light (UV), all dramatically increase HIV-1 gene expression, whereas agents that produce primarily base damage and DNA breakage, such a
Upper gastrointestinal tract infection in AIDS is a complex multifactorial process. The approach to diagnostic evaluation can be based upon knowledge of the large spectrum of bacteria, viruses and protozoa involved. The availability of effective therapy is the most decisive factor in determining the duration of upper
The small intestine is a major target in HIV infection. Chronic diarrhoeal disease associated with malabsorption is the principal clinical manifestation of such infection. Reduced intestinal immunity and opportunistic enteric infections play a major role in clinical disease, but an enteropathy induced by HIV per se ha
Gastrointestinal disease is the commonest presentation of AIDS in the Third World. Diarrhoea and weight loss are particularly common. Although many pathogens may be found, chronic cryptosporidiosis is the most frequent and there remains no specific effective therapy. Isospora belli is found in less than 10% of cases,
Cryptosporidiosis in patients with AIDS presents as a chronic enteritis, with biliary complications in about 10% of sufferers. The disease is persistent and progressively fatal. Due to the widespread prevalence of the parasite in the community and amongst domesticated animals, persons with AIDS are constantly at risk.
KS and non-Hodgkin s lymphomas frequently involve the gut in patients with AIDS. These neoplasms establish the diagnosis of AIDS in an HIV-positive patient. KS is a spindle-cell tumour derived from lymphatic endothelia which is associated with luminal lesions in at least 40% of patients. Gastrointestinal KS is usually
This chapter contains a detailed description of the range of psychiatric problems likely to present in HIV patients and their relatives, and a discussion of the principles of psychiatric management. Psychosocial problems at the various disease stages are reviewed, including those at the time of HIV testing, and in asy
Elliott AM; Luo N; Tembo G; Halwiindi B; Steenbergen G; Machiels L; Pobee J; Nunn P; Hayes RJ; McAdam KP; School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka.
OBJECTIVE--To examine the contribution of HIV infection to the apparently increasing incidence of tuberculosis in central Africa. DESIGN--Cross sectional study. SETTING--Outpatient clinic in teaching hospital, Lusaka, Zambia . PATIENTS--346 Adult patients with tuberculosis. RESULTS-
Can J Psychiatry. 1990 Dec;35(9):765-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91129886
Seeman MV; Lang M; Rector N; Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario.
Chronic mental patients may constitute a previously unrecognized high-risk group for the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus. This paper briefly reviews the literature on sexual awareness, sexuality, substance abuse, and schizophrenia, and addresses the problems of implementing sex education programs for chroni
An inquiry at German surgical departments about their bone bank techniques showed that 45% of clinical hospitals use allogeneic bone implants among other implants. In 1989, the year of the official survey, allogeneic bone was transplanted about 6000 times in these clinical hospitals. Despite of this high transplantati
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:267-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130711
Kodama T; Kestler HW 3d; Burns DP; Ringler DJ; King NW; Daniel MD; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, MA 01772.
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:273-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130712
Murphey-Corb M; Martin LN; Davison-Fairburn B; Montelaro RC; Miller M; West M; Ohkawa S; Baskin GB; Zhang JY; Putney S; et al; Delta Primate Center, Tulane University, Covington.
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:305-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130716
Tjotta E; Hungnes O; Grinde B; Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health,; Oslo, Norway.
We have developed a method for assessing the number of infectious viral particles by measuring what we call fluorescence initiating units (FIV). The present work has been done with HIV, but the methods should be applicable to other viruses as well. Briefly described, cells are mixed with virus and then cast in an agar
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:315-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130719
Nara P; Smit L; Dunlop N; Hatch W; Merges M; Waters D; Kelliher J; Krone W; Goudsmit J; National Cancer Institute, FCRF, Frederick, MD.
Emergence in two chimpanzees of HIV-1 HTLV-IIIB variants resistant to neutralization by the pre-existing antibody is described. Viruses isolated from the HTLV-IIIB gp120 vaccinated and challenged animal were more resistant to neutralization, had more heterogenic genomes and showed more pronounced antigenic drift as de
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:343-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130720
Weinhold KJ; Tyler DS; Lyerly HK; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; 27710.
Among the varied cytotoxic immune reactivities elicited as a result of HIV-1 infection are two forms of non-MHC restricted cytotoxicity--namely, indirect and direct ADCC. Since these reactivities are directed at both HIV-1 infected as well as gp120 coated targets, there is a potential for anti-HIV-1 ADCC to play both
Immunol Lett. 1990 Aug;25(1-3):281-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91131153
Morein B; Department of Virology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala,; Sweden.
To make purified antigens highly immunogenic, they have to be presented in several copies in the form of a microscopic or submicroscopic particle. This is the case, regardless of whether the antigens are obtained by isolation from conventional microorganisms, or from gene-manipulated cells, or synthesized. In the isco
Cunningham-Rundles S; Yeger-Arbitman R; Edelson P; Sanders D; Giardina PV; Hilgartner MW; Department of Pediatrics, New York Hospital-Cornell University; Medical Center, New York 10021.
The clinical immunology laboratory is often called on to assess risk in pediatric patients with clinical evidence of immunodeficiency and possible human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposure while antibody tests are being considered or are underway. Since non-HIV-related conditions including neoplasia, certain viruses
Shimizu H; Tsuchie H; Honma H; Yoshida K; Tsuruoka T; Ushijima H; Kitamura T; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
The effect of N-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin (ppDNM) on the lectin binding to HIV-1 glycoprotein was analyzed by using biotinylated lectins of various sugar specificities as probes. ppDNM potentially inhibited HIV-1-induced syncytium formation and viral infectivity of HIV-1 without cytotoxicity. The lectin
A case is reported of acquired immunodeficiency, in whom operative intervention was performed. A series of problems of surgical and deontologic aspect are raised, which ought to be solved without inducing mental trauma to the patients. Paralleling this, measures should be taken, to reduce to a minimum the risk of noso
Klin Wochenschr. 1990 Oct 17;68(20):1032-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91132886
Bogner JR; Zoller WG; Middeke M; Medizinische Poliklinik, Universitat Munchen.
In January 1990 a 32 year old nurse was admitted with fever, weight loss of 9 kilogramms and pain of her right flank. HIV infection due to intravenous drug abuse had been diagnosed in 1986. Ultrasonic imaging revealed a solid tumor of low echogenicity in the cranial part of the right kidney. This finding could be conf
Bascunana A; Torres Tortosa M; Perez Perez M; Lopez Cano A; Rendon P; Perez Millan E; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital del Servicio Andaluz de; Salud, Cadiz.
Five cases of tuberculous abdominal abscesses in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are reported. They were localized in pelvic retroperitoneum (2 cases), peripancreatic area, abdominal rectus anterior muscle, and were multiple in the remaining patient. All patients had presented with sustained fe
Med Lab Sci. 1990 Oct;47(4):353-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91133198
Rosenkvist J; Dybkjaer E; Department of Clinical Immunology and Blood Bank, Copenhagen; University, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
Since routine ELISA screening of blood donors for anti-HIV antibodies was introduced, much attention has been given to the specificity and the sensitivity of this assay. Most papers deal with false positive reactions while only a few have taken account of false negative results. We have found that insufficient HIV-ant
Sacchi G; Zorzi F; Fiorentino M; Bertalot G; Benetti A; Falchetti M; Baronchelli C; Bonetti F; Barni C; Stellini R; et al; 1 Servizio di anatomia e istologia patologica, Spedali Civili di; Brescia.
Isolated thrombocytopenia (platelets less than 100,000 mmc) may be the first clinical symptom in HIV positive patients or occur in all the evolutive phases up to overt AIDS. In this paper bone marrow lesions are evaluated at light and electron microscopy in 32 HIV positive patients with isolated thrombocytopenia (grou
Rev Med Panama. 1990 Sep;15(3):197-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91134450
Gracia F; Castillo L; de Lao SL; Archibold CA; Larreategui M; Reeves WC; Levine P; Division de Epidemiologia, Laboratorio Conmemorativo Gorgas,; Panama.
Studies of the prevalence of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) in 1984 to 1986 in the Republic of Panama revealed a national seroprevalence of 1 to 2%. Since 1985 clinical epidemiological studies of neurological diseases
Med Interne. 1990 Jan-Mar;28(1):61-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91134629
Alecu M; Ghyka G; Halalau F; Calugaru A; Coman G; Berceni Hospital for Dermatology, Bucharest, Romania.
Twelve patients with classical European Kaposi s sarcoma have been treated by intra- and peritumoral injections of human alpha leukocyte interferon (IFN)--Ginterferon (V. Babes Institute, Bucharest). All the patients were HIV negative their tumour appearing at least six months before. In each patient one tumour receiv
Hording M; Christensen KC; Faber V; Department of Infectious Diseases, AIDS laboratory M 7705,; Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
22 HIV-positive homosexual men were treated with fusidic acid tablets (500 mg t.i.d.) for a period of 2-12 months (mean 71/2). At entry, all had a CD4-count less than 500 X 10(6)/l, and/or a pokeweed mitogen lymphocyte proliferation response of less than 50% of 2 normal controls, and no overt opportunistic infections.
Heurlin N; Elvin K; Lidman C; Lidman K; Lundbergh P; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Huddinge University Hospital,; Stockholm, Sweden.
For diagnosing pulmonary disease on 82 occasions in 68 patients (64 males) aged 39 (23-73) years infected with HIV-1 we used flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or washing with or without transbronchial lung biopsy (TBB) and brushing. A clinical diagnosis of lower respiratory tract
Klammt J; Bezirkskrankenhauses Schwerin-Fortbildungs-zentrum der Akademie; fur Arztliche Fortbildung der DDR.
First clinical manifestations of HIV-infection may occur in the oral region. The stomatologist plays an important role in early detection and diagnosis. Therefore he should have good knowledge of all possible oral manifestations of this disease.
We report on a patient with HIV infection and persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (stage III of HIV infection), who developed transitory acantholytic dermatosis (Grover s disease). Both the clinical picture and the histological features were typical for Grover s disease; the skin eruptions subsided within 6 months.
Am J Law Med. 1990;16(1-2):107-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91135712
Clark ME; Harvard School of Public Health.
This article reviews legislative options to prevent the transmission of HIV infection. It distinguishes between pre-exposure measures designed to prevent initial exposure, and post-exposure measures aimed at preventing infected individuals from exposing others. Part I identifies education as the key component of a com
Am J Law Med. 1990;16(1-2):155-222. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91135713
Edgar H; Sandomire H; Silver Program in Law, Science and Technology, Columbia; University.
Promises of confidentiality of HIV-related medical records and protection from discrimination based on HIV seropositivity are two of the legislative inducements state governments have offered to encourage voluntary HIV testing. Yet neither can be granted without impact on others whose interests range from those of a l
Am J Law Med. 1990;16(1-2):223-47. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91135714
Fox DM
Financing health care for persons with HIV infection is an increasing burden on states and their taxpayers. The major problems of state policy in the 1990s are how to organize and finance both early detection of infection and preventive drug treatment for persons without symptoms and how to provide a full range of hea
Am J Law Med. 1990;16(1-2):249-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91135715
Tegtmeier JW
Persons afflicted with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or its preceding medical conditions face a potential problem with assured access to basic threshold medical care. Subject to certain limitations, there is no guarantee that a physician will fulfill the health care needs of any population of patients. In
Am J Law Med. 1990;16(1-2):33-106. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91135722
Field MA; Harvard Law School.
In response to the public outcry for mandatory testing for AIDS, this Article explores the major issues concerning the identification of persons with AIDS in society. The Article first studies testing procedures and the purposes behind them to determine if a call for mandatory testing of the general populace would bet
Ellaurie M; Burns ER; Rubinstein A; Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY.
The hematologic profile of 100 symptomatic children infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was evaluated and compared to HIV uninfected infants with transplacentally acquired maternal anti-HIV antibodies, and to HIV-negative infants born to i.v. drug-abusing HIV uninfected mothers. Anemia was present in 94
Gomperts ED; Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, California; 90054.
The effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, with its progressive and multifaceted manifestations, have not yet been fully expressed in the hemophilic population. However, even at this phase of the disease, the effects of the viral illness on the growing hemophilic child are extremely complex and have on
An Esp Pediatr. 1990 Sep;33(3):273-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91136038
Torres Mohedas J; Cebrero Garcia M; Ruiz Contreras J; Simon de las Heras R; Serrano Hernandez C; Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid.
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1990;141(6):515-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91136069
Guidet B; Luquel L; Cadranel J; Baud L; Offenstadt G; Amstutz P; Service de Reanimation Polyvalente, Hopital Saint-Antoine,; Paris.
Several lines of evidence implicate tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a cytokine produced by monocytes-macrophages, in the systemic manifestations of shock induced by Gram-negative bacteria. Whether the increase of circulating TNF levels is specific to septic shock as compared to sepsis without shock or to non-septic shock
Gombert ME; Berkowitz LB; Aulicino TM; duBouchet L; Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Brooklyn.
We compared the bactericidal efficacies of various antimicrobial agents and combinations thereof in experimentally induced Nocardia asteroides pneumonia in immunocompromised mice. Cortisone acetate treatment, which produced impaired cell-mediated immune function, was followed by nasal inoculation of 5 x 10(4) CFU of N
Fetter MS; Larson E; College of Nursing, Villanova University, Pennsylvania; 19085-1690.
The problem of human immunodeficiency virus infection in the homeless has received little attention in the literature but is a cause for serious concern. Nineteen health care agencies were studied to explore the types and outcomes of programs targeting this population, and factors associated with prevention and treatm
Kemppainen JK; Psychiatric Unit, Jackson Veterans Administration Medical Center,; Mississippi.
The nursing theory of Imogene King provided an effective framework for viewing the complex interactions that occurred when a psychotic client with newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus infection (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex) was admitted to a general psychiatric unit. The interacting syst
Twenty eight patients aged 18 to 40 years with urogenital infections complicated by orchiepididymitis were examined immunologically. The use of specific monoclonal antibodies OKT-4+ and OKT-8 revealed lower contents of T-helper cells (Thc) (23.33 +/- 9.7%) and higher contents of T-suppressor cells (Tsc) (41.17 +/- 13.
Opportunistic infection (bacterial, viral, parasitic, fungal) acquires an important role under the conditions of immunodeficiency associated with kidney transplantation. Immunodeficiency results not only from the immunosuppressive therapy, but from the main disease and kidney failure as well. The use of cyclosporin se
Information on the clinico-anatomical syndromes and organic pathology in HIV infection (AIDS) is summarized. Role of pathomorphological examination of biopsies and autopsies in the diagnosis of the conditions associated with HIV infection as well as a controversy in the pathogenesis and pathology of AIDS is outlined.
Avtsyn AP; Parkhomenko IuG; Zhavoronkov AA; Pokrovskii VV; Kelli EI
Pathology of 4 cases of serologically verified HIV infection is described. In 3 cases the disease developed against the background of previous pathologic processes that in one way or another influenced the pathologic picture. Only general characteristics of the HIV pathology are given in this report obtained by routin
Courouce AM; Baudelot J; Elghouzzi MH; Gueguen M; Janot C; Lemaire JM; Maniez M; Mesnier F; Noel L; North ML; et al; Fondation Nationale de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris.
HIV seroprevalence decreased from 0.62% in 1985 to 0.11% in the first 1990 semester. However, the number of regular blood donors screened as seropositive remains constant since 1988: 48 in 1988, 49 in 1989 and 25 in the first 6 months of 1990. From these data, from reports on recipients and due to the exclusion of 30%
Noah PW; Department of Medicine Dermatology, College of Medicine,; University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.
The microflora of 297 psoriasis patients was extensively examined. Throat, urine, and skin surfaces from scalp, ears, chest, face, axillary, submammary, umbilical, upper back, inguinal crease, gluteal-fold, perirectal, vaginal, pubis, penis, scrotal, leg, hands, feet, finger, and toenail areas were cultured for aerobi
Rosenblatt MA; Cunningham C; Teich S; Friedman AH; Department of Ophthalmology, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New; York, NY.
Seven cases of bilateral, scattered, yellow-white choroidal lesions have been seen in AIDS patients since January 1988. One resulted from presumed extension of cryptococcal meningitis into the optic nerve and choroid. All the remaining six patients had pneumocystis pneumonia at some time during the course of the disea
HIV is a retrovirus infecting CD4-positive cells causing profound immunosuppression, eventually clinically manifest as AIDS. The cells principally infected by HIV are T4 lymphocytes (helper) and macrophages. The eventual loss of helper cell function is the prime reason for immunodeficiency which renders the individual
Lart R; Stimson GV; Sociology Department, Goldsmiths' College, University of London,; UK.
This report gives information from an England wide survey of syringe exchange carried out in early 1989. A postal questionnaire was sent to 74 agencies, responses received from 65 (88%), of which 55 were agencies operating syringe exchanges. The development of syringe exchanges has been marked by lack of central coord
Wolk J; Wodak A; Guinan JJ; Macaskill P; Simpson JM; School of Health Services Management, University of New South; Wales, Kensington, Australia.
In November 1986, a pilot needle and syringe exchange was established in Sydney adjacent to a methadone maintenance unit. A retrospective study was carried out to determine the effect of increasing the availability of sterile needles and syringes on the treatment outcome of the methadone maintenance unit. In this stud
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has been spreading in Africa and other continents of the world. While there is a dearth of information on AIDS-related neuro-psychiatric disorders in the African population, data from Europe and America indicate that patients with AIDS experience a lot of psycho-social diffic
Di Costanzo B; Belec L; Testa J; Georges AJ; Martin PM; Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire de Bangui, Republique; centrafricaine.
In order to evaluate the predictivity of neurological signs and symptoms in african patients, in Bangui s National Hospital Center ( Central African Republic ), 79 inpatients (aged 15-65 years) presenting with neurological manifestations (vascular attack, proved metab
Chippaux JP; Mouillot L; Castel J; Bouchet B; Massougbodji A; Zohoun T; Zohoun I; Centre ORSTOM, Cotonou, Benin.
A transversal survey has been performed in the Zou Province in the central part of Benin located in West Africa close to the western border of Nigeria . The Zou Province is an agricultural region which population is about 900,000. A randomised sa
Pichard E; Doumbo O; Minta D; Traore HA; Service de Medecine CD, Hopital National du Point G, Bamako,; Mali.
Etiologies of infectious diarrhoeas in hospitalised adults have been studied during one year; research of cryptosporidium and isospora oocysts is being made with Henriksen-Pohlenz and Kato methods. Diarrhoea is associated with a positive HIV serology in 40% cases. Cryptosporidium spp is found in 38% of cases. In 91% c
The interest of inquiries on SIDA is analysed through this article to test the disease extent among the population and to analyse knowledge and behaviour in front of this disease either, in order to organise better prevention campaigns. Thus this is the point to lead inquiries on one hand of epidemiological type and i
Dozic S; Suvakovic V; Cvetkovic D; Jevtovic D; Skender M; Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
A 12-year-old, hemophilic boy died with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) after a clinical course characterized by progressive psycho-organic syndrome and opportunistic infections. Postmortem neuropathological examination revealed a cerebral form of neoplastic angioendotheliomatosis (NAE), leukoencephalopathy
Community Ment Health J. 1990 Dec;26(6):559-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91138304
Knox MD; Gaies JS; Department of Community Mental Health, University of South; Florida's Florida Mental Health Institute 33612-3899.
HIV disease is an emerging community mental health concern. The need for specialized training to help community mental health professionals develop comprehensive knowledge and skills to serve this new population of clients is evident. The HIV clinical tutorial model is an innovative approach to continuing education ch
Graham NM; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
While a number of advances have been made in our understanding of the epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in the past two decades, a number of serious questions still require urgent answers. The associations of factors such as chronic disease in adults, direct smoking, passive smoking, crowding, and breast fe
Prats F; Porta Serra M; Yazbeck H; Herrera R; Gasso JM; Servicio de Bioquimica e Inmunologia, Hospital del Mar,; Barcelona.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and antibodies to delta virus (anti-DV). DESIGN: Cross-sectional (prevalence) study. A non-proportional (stratified by length of stay) rand
Wenisch E; Tauer C; Jungbauer A; Katinger H; Faupel M; Righetti PG; Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture and; Foresty, Vienna, Austria.
Isoforms of human monoclonal antibodies against the gp-41 of AIDS virus and of human recombinant superoxide dismutase have been purified to homogeneity by isoelectric focusing (IEF) in a multi-compartment electrolyser with isoelectric, immobiline membranes. This system allows the processing of large sample volumes and
The transmembrane protein gp41, a component of the viral envelope of HIV I, and its analogue gp36 of HIV II are important antigens for the sensitive and specific detection of anti-HIV antibodies. The immunodominant region of the protein gp41, which reacts with 100% of sera of infected persons, was produced by gene tec
Butters N; Grant I; Haxby J; Judd LL; Martin A; McClelland J; Pequegnat W; Schacter D; Stover E; Office of AIDS Programs, NIMH, Rockville, Maryland 20857.
This article presents an extended (7-9 hours) and a brief (1-2 hours) battery designed to evaluate early cognitive changes associated with seropositive, asymptomatic persons. The battery was recommended by an NIMH Workgroup which was guided by 10 principles in its development. The domains assessed by the battery are:
The use of the bootstrap sampling technique is applied to the type of data found in clinical research. Confidence intervals are computed for simulated values by use of SAS. By applying this approach, clinical researchers are free to explore topics that do not meet the requirements of traditional statistical analytic m
Intensive Care Med. 1990;16(8):491-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91139873
Gachot B; Wolff M; Clair B; Regnier B; Infectious Diseases Department, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital,; Paris, France.
Tuberculosis has now been well documented as a complication of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but no studies concern patients requiring admission to the ICU. We report 12 cases of severe disseminated tuberculosis in patients who were seropositive for HIV. Eight patients had diffuse pulmonary involv
A single-page computer spreadsheet can be used to back-calculate the size of the population at risk from the reported number of AIDS cases and HIV seropositivity levels for that population. However, Cohen (1988:35) has cautioned that this method requires some heroic assumptions, and is, therefore, fraught with difficu
J Drug Educ. 1990;20(4):271-88. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91140330
Rhodes F; Corby NH; Wolitski RJ; Tashima N; Crain C; Yankovich DR; Smith PK; AIDS Research and Education Project, Psychology Department,; California State University, Long Beach.
Standardized survey interviews (n = 325) and guided in-depth interviews (n = 22) were conducted with injection drug users (IDUs) in Long Beach, California, to document drug usage and injection patterns, sexual practices, perceived risk of HIV infection, sources of health information, and knowledge and attitudes about
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 1990 Oct;28(10):33-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91140419
Swanson B; Cronin-Stubbs D; Colletti MA; Department of Gerontology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois.
1. Nurses who care for AIDS patients are challenged to effectively manage two common problems: AIDS dementia complex (ADC) and depression. 2. Nurses can briefly assess certain neuropsychological functions related to ADC and differentiate dementia from depression. 3. Nursing interve
J Med Ethics. 1990 Dec;16(4):173-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91140623
Boyd KM
An Institute of Medical Ethics working party supports the view that explicit permission should normally be sought in the case of testing for HIV antibody. It discusses this in relation to anonymised HIV testing for epidemiological purposes, concluding that this is to be welcomed, given certain safeguards. It next argu
Eitelberger F; Tulzer W; Infektionsabteilung des Landes-Kinderkrankenhauses Linz.
The acquired immuno-deficiency-syndrome in children is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The classification of pediatric AIDS follows the recommendation of the C.D.C., Atlanta. We report on three children infected by their HIV-positive mothers. All three mothers were intravenous drugaddicts, one of them already
Sica GT; Norton KI; Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center (CUNY), New; York.
Multiple hyperechoic foci were noted on a head sonogram in the basal ganglia and periventricular white matter of an eleven month old, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive male infant. The infant presented with failure to thrive, recurrent viral and bacterial infections, and progressive neurologic impairment
Johnson MP; Goodwin SD; Shands JW Jr; Department of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of; Florida, Gainesville.
Adverse effects are common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who receive trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Two patients experienced a rare anaphylactoid syndrome. Within hours of receiving a double-strength TMP-SMX tablet, a 28-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive man de
Sheehan EP; Ambrosio A; McDevitt TM; Lennon R; Department of Psychology, University of Northern Colorado,; Greeley 80639.
This study employed a cross-sectional design to examine change in AIDS-related attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors among students at a western university between 1986 and 1988. Analysis indicates that knowledge of how AIDS is transmitted improved. There was high association between attitudes to AIDS patients and attit
Barling NR; Moore SM; Psychology Department, Ballarat University College.
This study investigated attitudes toward AIDS precautions of 370 15- and 16-yr.-old secondary school students. Attitudes reflected levels of apathy, denial, and confusion high enough to lead to concern for this potentially high-risk group. Intention to use condoms in future sexual encounters was related to sex, confli
Froland SS; Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Medical; Department A, National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Opportunistic infections cause considerable morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, high priority should be given to efforts of prevention of infectious complications in these patients. Antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis is an important part of the preventive strategies used. Regimens for chemopr
Z Gastroenterol. 1990 Nov;28(11):635-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91143211
Exner M; Leiss O; Tuschewitzki GJ; Hygiene-Institut des Ruhrgebiets, Gelsenkirchen, Fachbereich; Umwelt- und Krankenhaushygiene.
Risks of infection associated with endoscopy, sources of infection, relevant microorganisms (P. aeruginosa, Serratia, HIV, HB, Cryptosporidiosis), disinfection procedures and the steps of disinfection procedures and reasons for failing of disinfection procedures are discussed. Channel systems and rinsing solutions are
An AIDS case, with a Candida urinary infection causing papillary necrosis and accompanied by occurrence of fungal lumps is reported. The paper remarks on the incidence and peculiarities of urinary affectation in these patients, emphasizing the usefulness of percutaneous nephrostomy as a diagnostic, and above all as a
An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am. 1990;17(5):505-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91144048
Rivas Lacarte MP; Pumarola Segura F; Hospital de Viladecans, Barcelona, Instituto Catalan de La Salud.
The AA. inform about the case of a young man, 23, with immunodeficiency (positive HIV antibodies) and malignant otitis externa associated. They recall the etiopathogenesis, the diagnosis, the evolution and the treatment of the disease, pointing out that this case is the first one (published in the ENT bibliography) of
The circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of the Rev protein from HIV-1 indicates that Rev contains about 50% alpha helix and 25% beta sheet at 5 degrees C in potassium phosphate buffer, pH 3, and 300 mM KF. The spectrum is independent of protein concentration over a 20-fold range. At neutral pH, Rev is relatively insolubl
Biochemistry. 1990 Oct 23;29(42):9885-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91104898
Chamow SM; Peers DH; Byrn RA; Mulkerrin MG; Harris RJ; Wang WC; Bjorkman PJ; Capon DJ; Ashkenazi A; Department of Recovery Process Research and Development,; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080.
CD4, the cell-surface receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. It contains four extracellular sequences homologous to Ig VL domains. The first of these (V1) is sufficient for binding to HIV; however, the structural basis for this binding has yet to b
Harris RL; Boisaubin EV; Salyer PD; Semands DF; Methodist Hospital, Department of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030.
Voluntary screening for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is recommended by the healthcare profession. The optimal settings to accomplish screening have not been established. We evaluated an admission HIV screening program in a large private hospital to assess advantages and disadvantages in this sett
Filice G; Cereda PM; Orsolini P; Soldini L; Romero E; Rondanelli EG; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, Italy.
In rabbits experimentally infected with 1.10(5) u.i./ml HIV, IgM antibodies were detected 10-15 days after infection, reaching peak value two weeks later and remaining stable for two weeks long. Then a the IgM serotiters progressively decreased and were negative at ten weeks. HIV p24 antigen was detected ten-fifteen d
Immunol Lett. 1990 Oct;26(1):75-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91115361
Fuchs D; Jager H; Popescu M; Reibnegger G; Werner ER; Dierich MP; Kaboth W; Tilz GP; Wachter H; Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of; Innsbruck, Austria.
Neopterin concentrations in body fluids of HIV-1 seropositives provide predictive information. In 1986, we examined serum and urine neopterin concentrations in 29 HIV-1 seropositives. Serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble CD8 (sCD8), tumour necrosis fa
Imai J; Terashi S; Talonu T; Komoda H; Taufa T; Nurse GT; Babona D; Yamaguchi K; Nakashima H; Ishikawa K; et al; Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Kyoto University.
Of 1471 sera collected from 1986 to 1989 in Papua New Guinea (PNG), 2.2% were found to be positive for anti-HTLV-1 antibody by successive particle agglutination and immunofluorescence tests. The seropositive rate varied in different
Ushijima H; Dairaku M; Honma H; Sato K; Sugiyama K; Kitamura T; Inaba N; Division of AIDS Virus, National Institute of Health, Gakuen.
Among the populations of Tonga and Western Samoa , serum antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus or hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus were not detected (0/904 and 0/192). No serum
Millard DD; Chadwick EG; Yogev R; Modlin JF; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Medical School,; Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL.
Int Immunol. 1990;2(4):311-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91120528
Huet S; Nixon DF; Rothbard JB; Townsend A; Ellis SA; McMichael AJ; Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford,; UK.
Recently we described an HLA B27-restricted peptide derived from HIV gag p24 protein. In this study we have isolated an HLA B27-restricted peptide from the nucleoprotein (NP) of influenza A virus. The shortest fragment recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) is eight amino acids long, residues 384-391. Comparison o
Antibodies prepared against a peptide corresponding to the site of cyto-adherence of Mycoplasma genitalium adhesine inhibit or reduce the infectivity of the HIV-1BRU and HIV-2ROD strains of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in lymphoid cells. These results strengthen the hypothesis that some mycoplasmas may play an importa
Odeh M; Department of Internal Medicine B, Bnai Zion-Medical Center,; Haifa, Israel.
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is a primary mediator in the pathogenesis of infection, tissue injury and inflammation. It is synthesised by various activated, phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells, and a wide variety of infectious or inflammatory stimulae are capable of triggering TNF biosynthesis. Recent studies in
J Med Virol. 1990 Oct;32(2):128-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91123999
Harrison NA; Skidmore SJ; Department of Communicable and Tropical Diseases, Birmingham; Hospital, England.
The concentrations of neopterin, beta-2 microglobulin, p24 antigen, anti-p24 antibody, and alpha-interferon were determined in the sera of 25 asymptomatic anti-HIV positive patients (CDC stages II and III) over a 50 month period (38 months retrospectively and 12 months prospectively). Evaluation of the data allowed th
Mills HR; Jones IM; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Institute of; Virology and Environmental Microbiology, Oxford, UK.
The baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) has been genetically manipulated to yield a recombinant virus capable of expressing p24, the major core protein of HIV-1, in insect cell culture. The expressed product is a p24 protein flanked by short regions of p17 at the amino terminus and p1
The emergence of HIV has provoked a widespread reappraisal of infection control practices in endoscopy units. Infection control practices should be applied to all patients alike without recourse to selection or screening. Although there has only been one reported instance of viral transmission at endoscopy, HIV could
Immunol Lett. 1990 Aug;25(1-3):53-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91131158
Maheshwari RK; Srikantan V; Bhartiya D; Puri SK; Dutta GP; Dhawan BN; Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the; Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD.
Earlier, we reported that prophylactic treatment with human interferon gamma (rHuIFN-gamma) protected monkeys against Plasmodium cynomolgi B malaria infection. We have tested the efficacy of rHuIFN-gamma on relapsing stage of experimental P. cynomolgi B malaria infection in rhesus monkeys. No effect of rHuIFN-gamma wa
Syrjala H; Lahdevirta J; Ruutu P; Jokipii L; Jokipii AM; Ruutu T; Second Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central; Hospital, Finland.
The acute phase response induced by 19 episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was analysed in a retrospective study. There were 9 men and 1 woman with HIV, aged 25-45 years (mean 37.2) and 4 men and 4 women with other immunodeficiencies, aged 18-35 years (mean 26.2). The outcome of these two groups with PCP
Dobloug JH; Bruun JN; Skaug K; Department of Infectious Diseases, Ulleval Hospital, Oslo,; Norway.
Patients with acute hepatitis B and hepatitis non-A non-B-like illness seen between 1981 and 1984 were chosen for the study of the introduction of HIV among persons at highest risk for HIV infection in Norway . HIV was introduced into these risk groups in 1982, but the prevalence of
O'Doherty MJ; Revell P; Page CJ; Lee S; Mountford PJ; Nunan TO; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rayne Institute, St. Thomas'; Hospital, London, UK.
Four patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and fever were investigated using donor leucocyte scans. The lung/liver and lung/spleen uptake ratios in these patients were compared with the uptake ratios in donor leucocyte scans in seven neutropenic (non-AIDS) patients and five patients who had autol
JPMA J Pak Med Assoc. 1990 Apr;40(4):82-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91140848
Khanani RM; Hafeez A; Rab SM; Rasheed S; Department of Pathology, Sind Medical College, Karachi.
In a seroepidemiological study for the prevalence of HIV infection in Pakistan , individuals from different groups were tested for HIV antibodies using ELISA. Positive results were confirmed by western blot. Out of 413 individuals screened four were found positive by ELISA, of the
Vipond MN; Tyrrell MR; Gatzen C; Williams RJ; Dudley HA; Thompson JN; Academic Surgical Unit, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is increasing. Risks of hospital transmission, though small, will consequently also increase. Precautions taken during invasive procedures, particularly surgery, and in the handling of specimens from patients diminish this risk. As HIV antibody screening i
Smith E; Orholm M; Department of Epidemiology, Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
We analysed the AIDS-defining diseases in all 618 notified AIDS patients in Denmark by June 30, 1990, and looked for trends and associations over time. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was the most commonly reported disease (47%
Odum N; Georgsen J; Fugger L; Moller J; Jakobsen BK; Hofmann B; Skinhoj P; Klokker M; Dickmeiss E; Svejgaard A; Tissue Typing Laboratory, State University Hospital, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
We studied the distribution of HLA-DP antigens in 74 HIV-infected Danish homosexual men and 188 ethnically matched healthy individuals, using the primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) technique. Forty of the patients developed AIDS within 3 years after diagnosis, whereas the remaining 34 were healthy or had only minor sympto
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1990;12(6):589-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91107149
Cunningham-Rundles S; Pearson FC; Immunology Research Laboratory, New York Hospital-Cornell; University Medical Center New York 10021.
The effect and mechanism of action of ImuVert, a new biological response modifier consisting of ribosomes and natural membrane vesicles of Serratia marcescens, on endogenous natural killer (NK) cells and activated NK activity has been analyzed. The studies showed that endogenous NK activity of peripheral blood mononuc
Vidal C; Girard PM; Dompmartin D; Bosson JL; Mettra C; Groslambert P; Coulaud JP; Amblard P; Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de; Grenoble, France.
We measured skin surface lipids (cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides, wax esters, and squalene) in patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and those seronegative for HIV with and without seborrheic dermatitis. Cholesterol and wax ester fractions were similar in all four groups but triglyc
Science. 1990 Dec 14;250(4987):1593-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91111090
Giulian D; Vaca K; Noonan CA; Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; 77030.
Mononuclear phagocytes (microglia, macrophages, and macrophage-like giant cells) are the principal cellular targets for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in the central nervous system (CNS). Since HIV-1 does not directly infect neurons, the causes for CNS dysfunction in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) r
McLean AR; Kirkwood TB; Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, National Institute for; Medical Research, The Ridgeway, London, U.K.
We present a mathematical model of the activation and proliferation of a clone of T helper cells in response to a replicating antigen. This is able to show types of behaviour akin to persistent infection and to immune memory. This model is expanded to include the infection and destruction of activated T helper cells b
Horowitz ME; Pizzo PA; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute.
By the mid 1990s the number of newly diagnosed children with HIV infections in the US may rival the 6,500 children diagnosed with cancer each year. But recent developments in therapy for the child with AIDS offer some hope. A pediatric trial at the NCI used a continuous infusion of azidothymidine in order to achieve t
Laspia MF; Rice AP; Mathews MB; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724.
We studied the combined effects of Tat and general trans-activators, such as E1A and phorbol esters, on human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) gene expression. Interaction between these two types of trans-activators may be involved in the transition from transcriptional quiesence during viral latency to active gene ex
The 95 amino acid-protein encoded by the non-structural vpr gene of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (LAV-1BRU isolate) was chemically synthesized by solid phase methodology. The synthetic vpr protein was characterized by amino acid analysis, sequence analysis, RP-HPLC, and urea-SDS PAGE. Using a radioimmunoass
Gomez Olmedo M; Fernandez Sierra MA; Delgado Rodriguez M; Galvez Vargas R; Catedra de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Medicina,; Universidad de Granada.
A meta-analysis of the original papers on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) published in Spain was performed to better know the characteristics of HIV infection in Spain. Between 1985 and 1989, 67 investigations fulfilled the inclusion criteria. They were evaluated by means of a qu
Blitzko M; Miesen A; Gesundheitsamt fur den Rhein-Lahn-Kreis, Lahnstein.
The Office of Public Health in the Rhine-Lahn-district offered information meetings about AIDS-pravention to 51 local kindergartens. 36 of them were interested. The following article describes how to organize a sequence of such meetings. A basic conception is introduced which can help to reduce the staff s fear and in
Graev M; Castellani D; Bernardini UD; Universita degli Studi di Firenze.
Medical behaviour toward HIV infected patients is often complicated by fear, confusion and lack of knowledge. Since frequently pathological manifestations in the oral area are early signs warning of HIV infection, dentists must deepen their knowledge in this field in order to be able to help diagnose for early treatme
6 cases of HIV infection were revealed by enzyme immunoassay and immunoblotting among 144 children who had died in Elista. Another 5 children might have had HIV-infection but laboratory analyses either were lacking or gave doubtful results. Laboratory results were negative in 133 children. Similar severe changes of th
Clin Ter. 1990 Oct 15;135(1):3-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91138289
Costigliola P; Ricchi E; Colangeli V; Marinacci G; Borderi M; Di Bari MA; Manfredi R; Tumietto F; Chiodo F; Istituto di Malattie Infettive, Universita degli Studi di; Bologna.
Sato A; Igarashi H; Adachi A; Hayami M; Shionogi Institute for Medical Science, Osaka, Japan.
The entire vpr gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was cloned into procaryotic and eucaryotic expression vectors. Production of authentic protein encoded by the gene in bacterial and mammalian cells was monitored by Western blotting using guinea pig antisera raised against an N-terminal 14-oligopeptide
Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Aug;88:225-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91106366
Purtilo DT; Okano M; Grierson HL; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha 68105.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous DNA virus that normally infects silently, establishing lifelong latency. Substantial empirical observations support the view that immunodeficiency is permissive in EBV-induced lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD). Primary immune deficient patients such as those with X-linked lymp
Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Aug;88:237-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91106369
Chappuis BB; Muller-Hermelink HK; Department of Pathology, University of Wurzburg, Federal; Republic of Germany.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is involved in numerous lymphoproliferative diseases. In addition to classical lesions such as endemic Burkitt s lymphoma and infectious mononucleosis, there are other disorders of the lymphoid system that are discussed in relation to EBV: B-cell lymphomas in immunosuppressed individuals. Hodg
Clinical and histopathological findings of a woman with AIDS and an ulcerated vulvovaginitis are presented. The preliminary diagnosis of a herpes vulvitis was corrected after in-situ-hybridisation of the formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. CMV was found
Tagaya Y; Wakasugi H; Masutani H; Nakamura H; Iwata S; Mitsui A; Fujii S; Wakasugi N; Tursz T; Yodoi J; Department of Prevention and Therapeutics, Kyoto University,; Japan.
HTLV-I transformed T cells not only express a large number of interleukin-2 receptors (IL-2R/p55(Tac], but also produce an IL-2R/Tac inducer named ATL-derived factor (ADF). We have cloned the ADF cDNA and found that ADF production in human lymphocytes can be enhanced by cellular activators such as mitogens or phorbol
Denayer M; Piot P; Jonckheer T; Stroobant A; Instituut voor Hygiene en Epidemiologie, Brussel.
Two postal questionnaires were sent to Belgian gynaecologists in order to have information on their current policy of antenatal HIV screening. Of the 815 contacted, 446 (54.7%) completed the first questionnaire. 91.0% offers HIV testing in pregnancy; 49.1% to all pregnant women and 41.9% only to those with behavioural
Beard AR; Butler PI; Mann J; Partlett NK; Department of Chemistry, Reading University, Whiteknights,; Berkshire, Great Britain.
A six-stage synthesis of 2 ,3 -dideoxy-2 ,3 -alpha-methanocytidine (3) from (5S)-5-benzoyloxymethyl-(5H)-furan-2-one (5) is described. The key step involved the stereoselective formation of (1R,4S,5S)-4-benzoyloxymethyl-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one (7) via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of diazomethane to 5 followed by p
Conway MD; Didier P; Fairburn B; Soike KF; Martin L; Murphey-Corb M; Meiners N; Insler MS; Louisiana State University Medical Center, School of Medicine,; LSU Eye Center, New Orleans.
The management of opportunistic infections is a significant problem in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the development of more effective chemotherapeutic agents is needed. We present the ocular manifestations of an AIDS-like disease in rhesus monkeys experimentally infected with simian immunodeficiency v
Aqueous extracts (ENOCW) and enzymatic digests of purified Nocardia opaca cell wall fragments, virtually free of muramyl peptides, were monitored for their phagocytic response modifying reactivity on polymorphonuclear leucocytes, separated or unseparated in whole human blood. In the presence of ENOCW a 74% increased p
Schwarz TF; Loeschke K; Hanus I; Jager G; Feiden W; Stefani FH; Max von Pettenkofer-Institut fur Hygiene und Medizinische; Mikrobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Germany.
An AIDS patient with cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis was treated with ganciclovir (10 mg/kg) for four days followed by 5 mg/kg for 69 days. Clinically, CMV retinitis improved during therapy. Two weeks after induction of thera
Soubeyrand J; Niamkey EK; Ouattara SA; Diallo D; Leleu JP; Beda BY; Faculte de Medecine, Service 3e Cycle, Marseille, France.
This study was undertaken to investigate relationships between three widespread viruses in West Africa, i.e. HIV1 and viruses B and D, in Ivory Coast . Serologic tests for viruses B and D were carried out in a random sample of black adults of both sexes with asymptomatic HIV1 s
New Biol. 1990 Sep;2(9):793-800. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91120718
Thevenin C; Kim SJ; Rieckmann P; Fujiki H; Norcross MA; Sporn MB; Fauci AS; Kehrl JH; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
We have used a specific phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid, to examine the role of two phosphatases, PP1 and PP2A, in the induction of NF-kappa B and the long terminal repeat of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-LTR). Treatment of Jurkat cells with okadaic acid induced NF-kappa B in nuclear extracts. The r
Bull Math Biol. 1990;52(6):785-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91121128
Solimano F; Bischi GI; Bianchi M; Rossi L; Magnani M; Istituto di Biomatematica, Universita' di Urbino, Italy.
A non-linear three-compartment model is proposed to describe a new strategy for the administration of 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine (ddCyd) in the treatment of HIV infections. The drug is injected after having been encapsulated in a non-diffusible form (ddCMP) into erythrocytes. Numerical solutions show that by this treatment
Gerna G; Revello MG; Percivalle E; Zavattoni M; Parea M; Battaglia M; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, Italy.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) viremia in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) from 187 immunosuppressed patients (79 heart transplant recipients and 108 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS]) was investigated. Five mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs
De Souza YG; Freese UK; Greenspan D; Greenspan JS; Oral AIDS Center, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in the epithelial cells of oral hairy leukoplakia is the confirming criterion in the diagnosis of this lesion, which occurs mainly in persons infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. Because hairy leukoplakia often presages the development of the acquired immune defici
Muller-Jensen K; Fischer JT; Augenklinik des Stadtischen Klinikums Karlsruhe.
Of 57 patients at Karlsruhe Municipal Eye Hospital with manifest acquired immune deficiency syndrome, ocular involvement was found in 34%. In the prefinal stage (on average 6 months ante finem), 25% of these patients developed typical, rapidly progressing cytomegalovirus retinitis
Vet Rec. 1990 Dec 1;127(22):548-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126954
Bennett M; Lloyd G; Jones N; Brown A; Trees AJ; McCracken C; Smyth NR; Gaskell CJ; Gaskell RM; Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, University of; Liverpool Veterinary Field Station, Leahurst, Neston, Wirral.
Am J Otolaryngol. 1990 Nov-Dec;11(6):375-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91127771
Gaffey MJ; Weiss LM; Division of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center,; Duarte, CA 91010.
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common herpesvirus that has been linked to several human neoplasms. It has been found in over 90% of cases of Burkitt s lymphoma in endemic regions, although only 15% of cases in nonendemic regions show evidence of infection. The virus has been found in malignant lymphomas in immunoco
Belec L; Mhiri C; Belghiti D; Geny C; Boudes P; Gray F; Departement de Pathologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Faculte de; Medecine de Creteil.
A 31-year-old HIV-1-seropositive Haitian male presented with HIV-nephropathy and typical features of subcortical dementia . He died 4 months after the onset of neurological signs. Neuropathological examination revealed HIV encephalitis with diffuse progressive leukoencephalopathy, d
Kijlstra A; Dept. Ophthalmo-Immunology, The Netherlands Opthalmic Research; Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Accurate diagnosis of uveitis is of great importance since the treatment for the various uveitis entities may differ considerably. In a large number of cases the clinical picture is sufficient to make an adequate diagnosis. There are cases in which the diagnosis cannot be made on clinical grounds alone and support is
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:189-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130698
Siebelink CH; Windrich RW; Chu I; Groen J; Weijer K; UytdeHaag FG; Osterhaus AD; Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health; and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Recently, a newly discovered lentivirus--Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)--was identified as the cause of an AIDS-like syndrome in the cat. For the detection of FIV antigen in cell culture, an antigen capture ELISA was developed. In this assay FIV specific IgG was used as a capture antibody and the same preparation
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:259-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130710
Gardner MB; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis; 95616.
The SIV macaque model is an excellent surrogate for SIV infection of humans. Genital mucosal transmission of SIV presents the opportunity for testing the effectiveness of spermicides, pharmacologic agents and vaccines in preventing the heterosexual transmission of HIV. Because the incubation period is usually shorter
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:287-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130713
Dezzutti CS; Frazier DE; Olsen RG; Ohio State University, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology,; Columbus 43210.
Three pig-tailed macaques were vaccinated twice, four weeks apart, with a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) subunit vaccine. Four weeks post-vaccination, the vaccinated macaques and two control monkeys were challenged with a simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (STLV-1)-infected cell line. Following t
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:309-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130717
Goldblum N; Daefler S; Llana T; Ablashi D; Josephs S; Salahuddin Z; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
We have previously shown that the presence of the EBV genome and active EBV infection in some Burkitt s lymphoma cell lines confer the susceptibility of HIV-1 infection in spite of the absence of surface CD4 receptors in these cells. In the present study we used an EBV genome negative Burkitt s lymphoma B-cell line, D
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:355-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130722
Hersh EM; Funk CY; Petersen EA; Mosier DE; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona Health; Sciences Center, Tucson 85724.
Diethyldithiocarbamate (Ditiocarb) is a drug with diverse biological activities suggesting that it may have multiple, clinical uses. Thus, it is an inhibitor of such enzymes as cytochrome P450, it is a chelating agent for nickel and cadmium, it is a free-radical scavenger and finally, it is an immunomodulator. As such
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:39-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130724
Derse D; Dorn P; DaSilva L; Martarano L; Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, MD 21701.
Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) encodes a tat gene which is closely related to the trans-activators encoded by the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. Nucleotide sequence analysis of EIAV cDNA clones revealed that the tat message is composed of three exons; the first two encode tat and the third may encod
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:91-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130729
Van der Maaten MJ; Whetstone CA; Khramtsov VV; Miller JM; Virology Cattle Research, U.S. Dept. Agriculture, National Animal; Disease Center, Ames, IA 50010.
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:97-110. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130730
Gonda MA; Oberste MS; Garvey KJ; Pallansch LA; Battles JK; Pifat DY; Bess JW Jr; Nagashima K; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Structure, National Cancer; Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701.
The bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV) is morphologically, serologically, and genetically related to the lentivirus subfamily of retroviruses which includes human and simian immunodeficiency viruses and other lentiviruses causally associated with debilitating diseases of domestic animals. There are many parallel
Chowdhury M; Taylor JP; Tada H; Rappaport J; Wong-Staal F; Amini S; Khalili K; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jefferson; Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19107-6799.
We compared the ability of HIV-1 tat protein and JCV T-antigen in inducing transcription from the JCV late promoter, JCVL. A JCVL promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase plasmid (pJCL-CAT) was transfected into human glial cells alone or together with plasmids producing T-antigen and tat protein. CAT enzyme activity
Segondy M; Atoui N; Reynes J; Vendrell JP; Ducos J; Blanc P; Mandin J; Department of Virology, University Hospital of Montpellier,; France.
We followed the course of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) viremia in 65 patients treated with zidovudine for symptomatic HIV-1 infection. Blood samples were tested for the presence of CMV before initiation of treatment and every 3 mont
Furney SK; Roberts AD; Orme IM; Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort; Collins 80523.
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection is the major cause of bacteremia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We present here a new animal model of this disease, thymectomized C57BL/6 mice that were intravenously infused with monoclonal antibody to selectively deplete CD4+ T cells. The increased sus
Roilides E; Venzon D; Pizzo PA; Rubin M; Infectious Diseases Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Dideoxynucleosides (zidovudine[ AZT ], dideoxycytidine[ddC], and dideoxyinosine[ddI]) are promising new agents for the management of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections. In light of recent data demonstrating defects in the polymorphon
Zeidner NS; Myles MH; Mathiason-DuBard CK; Dreitz MJ; Mullins JI; Hoover EA; Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523.
The therapeutic efficacies of human recombinant alpha interferon (IFN-alpha), IFN-alpha plus zidovudine ( AZT ), and AZT alone were evaluated in presymptomatic cats with established feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (FAIDS)a
Ramirez V; Gonzalez A; de la Rosa E; Gonzalez M; Rivera I; Hernandez C; Ponce de Leon S; Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico, D.F.
One hundred and twenty-five HIV-infected patients, of whom 49 (39%) were at early stages of the infection (CDC-II & III) and 76 (61%) in CDC IV, were prospectively examined. In 100 (80%) one or more oral mucosal lesions were observed; candidiasis (51%) and hairy leukoplakia (43%) were the commonest. Erythematous ca
Infectious herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) recombinants were constructed by inserting the cDNA sequence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag gene (from nucleotide position 675 [SacI] to 3859 [Asp718] of the cDNA sequences of HIV-1 strain BH-10) within the DNA sequences of the BamHI DNA fragment B
A bovine visna-like virus was isolated by Van Der Maaten et al (1972) but it did not draw attention since, at that time, most efforts were directed towards research on bovine leukemia virus. However, new interest was shown on the bovine visna-like virus after the isolation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), be
Campbell AE; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eastern Virginia; Medical School, Norfolk 23501.
The herpesvirus cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) appears to be a selective opportunistic infection of AIDS patients, as demonstrated by its high prevalence in those diagnosed with AIDS and those at high risk for the disease. There are s
BMJ. 1990 Dec 15;301(6765):1362-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91105417
Weber R; Ledergerber B; Opravil M; Siegenthaler W; Luthy R; Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich,; Switzerland.
OBJECTIVE--To see whether misusers of injected drugs who stop injecting or switch to a programme of maintenance treatment with methadone have a reduced risk of progression of HIV infection when compared with a group of persistent misusers. DESIGN--Observational cohort study in HIV seropositive subjects with a current
Hraba T; Dolezal J; Celikovsky S; Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czechoslovak Academy of; Sciences, Prague.
The previously suggested mathematical model of CD4+ lymphocyte depletion in HIV-infected individuals is analyzed and further developed. The model assumes that CD4+ lymphocyte depletion is caused by HIV products. Fairly good simulation of CD4+ lymphocyte dynamics is obtained, when limitation of HIV growth by specific c
Thromb Haemost. 1990 Aug 13;64(1):108-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91111308
Eichinger S; Pabinger I; Hartl H; Stain C; Mayerhofer S; Schweiger C; Kier P; Schwarzinger I; Kyrle PA; Lechner K; First Department of Medicine, University of Vienna, Austria.
Twenty-one immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV 1)-positive hemophilic patients were treated with Azidothymidine ( AZT ) for symptomatic HIV infection. The median observation period was 20.5 months. At 25 months the probability of survival was 82%, the probabi
Fanin R; Minutillo S; D'Agaro P; Raspadori D; Tassinari A; Tazzari P; Testoni N; Damiani D; Gallizia C; Michieli M; et al; Istituto di Scienze Mediche, Universita di Udine, Italy.
A case of acute adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL) was observed in northeast Italy , presenting with fever, lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly, hypercalcemia and renal failure. Leukaemic cells were morphologically typical, expressed a T-cell CD4+ phenotype, did not display any helper
Int Immunol. 1990;2(9):849-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91120555
Gale MJ Jr; Ledbetter JA; Schieven GL; Jonker M; Morton WR; Benveniste RE; Clark EA; Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington,; Seattle 98195.
Single-cell clones, designated E11S, C11R, and A1S, were obtained from the HuT-78 T cell line persistently infected with an isolate of Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), SIV/Mne. The infected clones, unlike uncloned uninfected HuT-78 cells, no longer expressed the CD4 marker and, after their CD3 receptors were cross
Kurth R; Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen/Frankfurt, FRG.
AIDS is an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome caused by the lentivirus HIV and characterized by a successive depletion of CD4 helper/inductor lymphocytes. The humoral and cellular immune deficiency is the basis for the development of opportunistic infections and tumors. Because of a multitude of different bacterial, v
J Med Virol. 1990 Nov;32(3):160-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124010
Salmon D; Lacassin F; Harzic M; Leport C; Perronne C; Bricaire F; Brun-Vezinet F; Vilde JL; Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Bichat Claude; Bernard Hospital, Paris, France.
In HIV-infected patients, the presence of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) viraemia is predictive of the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but it is not known whether it predicts further occurrence of CMV organ i
Pedersen C; Gerstoft J; Tauris P; Lundgren JD; Gotzsche PC; Buhl M; Salim Y; Schmidt K; Nielsen JO; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
Length of survival was analysed in relation to year of diagnosis, AIDS-indicative disease, age, risk behaviour, zidovudine therapy, and CD4 cell count and serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels at the time of diagnosis in a group of 231 consecutive adult Danish AIDS patients reported before 1 January 1988. The cumulative su
Marzouk HF; Hofland LJ; den Holder FH; van Koetsveld PM; Steenbergen J; Zuiderwijk J; Abou-Hashim EM; el-Kannishy MH; de Jong FH; Lamberts SW; Department of Medicine Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The; Netherlands.
Suramin is a polyanionic compound which has been used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), while preliminary success has been reported in the treatment of cancer. However, suramin also causes adrenal insufficiency. We have previously reported that suramin selectively inhib
Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:253-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130709
Fultz PN; Anderson DC; McClure HM; Dewhurst S; Mullins JI; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA.
Simian immunodeficiency virus from sooty mangabey monkeys (SIVsmm), a lentivirus closely related to SIV from macaques and the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), is pathogenic for various species of macaques but is nonpathogenic for mangabeys. Comparison of in vivo and in vitro responses of macaques and manga
Spandidos DA; Kaloterakis A; Yiagnisis M; Varatsos A; Field JK; Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National; Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.
We have studied ras p21, c-myc p62 and c-erbB-2 oncogene expression in fourteen Greek patients with NON AIDS Mediterranean Kaposi s sarcoma using immunohistochemical analysis. Elevated expression of ras p21 expression was observed in all 14 cases studied (8 of which had intense levels of staining), whereas expression
Dewar AE; Parrett AM; Mowles JM; Bolton B; Booth SJ; Doyle A; Greenaway PJ; Farrar GH; Division of Pathology, PHLS Centre for Applied Microbiology and; Research, Salisbury, Wiltshire, U.K.
The human CD4 positive cell lines JM, CCRF, CEM, U937, HL60 and THP-1 have been cleared of mycoplasma contamination and defined by DNA fingerprinting and cell surface phenotype marker analysis. These cells have been banked and are now available as a source of standardized cell lines for HIV related research.
Cameron PU; Mallal SA; French MA; Dawkins RL; Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Perth Hospital, Queen; Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia.
Several alleles at multiple HLA loci have been found to be associated with infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): HLA A1; B8, B35; Cw7, Cw4; DR1, DR3 and DQ1, are associated with particular disease manifestations and/or disease progression. Furthermore, in a pilot study we have shown an increase in the fre
Moniaci D; Greco D; Flecchia G; Raiteri R; Sinicco A; Odontological Institute, University of Turin, Italy.
Between February 1987 and February 1990, we studied 737 antibody anti HIV-1 positive (AbHIV+) subjects referred to the Infectious Diseases Institute of the University of Turin ( Italy ) in order to evaluate types, prevalences, relations with clinical stages, distributions in risk-grou
Biochemistry. 1991 Jan 8;30(1):106-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91105067
Babe LM; Pichuantes S; Craik CS; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California,; San Francisco 94143.
The dimeric nature of the HIV protease has been exploited to devise a novel mode of inhibiting the enzyme. The use of defective monomers or nonidentical subunits to exchange with wild-type homodimers produces catalytically defective heterodimers. Incubation of the HIV1 or HIV2 protease with a 4-fold molar excess of an
J Immunol. 1991 Feb 1;146(3):1031-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91108035
Bielinska A; Baier L; Hailat N; Strahler JR; Nabel GJ; Hanash S; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Internal Medicine,; University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109.
The intracellular events that occur in T lymphoid cells after activation or after infection with HIV-1 are not well defined. In the case of HIV-1 infection, it is unknown whether the tat-I gene, an essential gene for viral replication, affects host cell nuclear factors. Using two-dimensional PAGE, we have identified a
Wintsch J; Chaignat CL; Braun DG; Jeannet M; Stalder H; Abrignani S; Montagna D; Clavijo F; Moret P; Dayer JM; et al; Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
A phase 1 trial of a candidate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine was done in 25 healthy seronegative subjects. The antigen, env2-3 (SF2), was a nonglycosylated polypeptide representing the gp120 region of the env gene of the HIV-1(SF2) isolate. It was produced in genetically engineered yeast as a den
Watts DH; Brown ZA; Tartaglione T; Burchett SK; Opheim K; Coombs R; Corey L; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington; Medical Center, Seattle.
Zidovudine pharmacokinetics was determined in three human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seropositive women receiving zidovudine (200 mg orally every 4 h) from 19 to 39 weeks of pregnancy and postpartum. Zidovudine concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic analyses were
Plummer FA; Simonsen JN; Cameron DW; Ndinya-Achola JO; Kreiss JK; Gakinya MN; Waiyaki P; Cheang M; Piot P; Ronald AR; et al; Kenya Medical Research Institute, University of Nairobi.
In a study of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-uninfected African prostitutes, 83 (67%) of 124 seroconverted to HIV-1. Oral contraceptive use (odds ratio [OR], 3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-8.6; P less than .03), genital ulcers (mean annual episodes, 1.32 +/- 0.55 in seroconverting women vs. 0.48 +
Khabbaz RF; Hartel D; Lairmore M; Horsburgh CR; Schoenbaum EE; Roberts B; Hartley TM; Friedland G; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
To identify risk factors for human T lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) infection in intravenous drug users (IVDUs), participants in a longitudinal study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a New York methadone maintenance program were studied. Of 270 participants tested for HTLV-I/II, 21 (8%) were se
Hayes CG; Burans JP; Oberst RB; United States Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Manila,; Philippines.
Residents of two areas in the Philippines were tested for human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I): Napsan, a site endemic for malaria, and a nonmalarious site, Bacolod. By ELISA, 30% of the 1743 Napsan residents were positive. Western blot immunoreactivity with two or more
Krieger JN; Coombs RW; Collier AC; Ross SO; Chaloupka K; Cummings DK; Murphy VL; Corey L; Department of Urology, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle 98195.
Because exposure to semen is important for the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV), the relationship of stage of infection and antiviral chemotherapy to isolation of HIV from semen was investigated. Whereas HIV was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of all seropositive person
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 15;88(2):542-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91110564
Girard M; Kieny MP; Pinter A; Barre-Sinoussi F; Nara P; Kolbe H; Kusumi K; Chaput A; Reinhart T; Muchmore E; et al; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Sustained high titers of neutralizing antibodies were elicited in three chimpanzees after sequential injections of different human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) antigen preparations derived from the HIV-1 BRU strain that included whole inactivated virus or purified recombinant proteins and then synthetic peptides i
Epstein LG; Kuiken C; Blumberg BM; Hartman S; Sharer LR; Clement M; Goudsmit J; Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, New York 14642.
DNA coding for the principal neutralization epitope of HIV-1 (the V3 domain of the envelope glycoprotein gp120) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from postmortem brain and spleen tissue of three perinatally infected children who died of AIDS with progressive encephalopathy. Sequences obtained directly (withou
Ellinger S; Mach M; Korn K; Jahn G; Institut fur Klinische und Molekulare Virologie, Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Parts of the gag p24 and the gp41 transmembrane protein of the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 were expressed as fusion proteins in Escherichia coli, using an expression vector carrying aa 1-375 of the lac-Z gene linked to the recognition sequence for the blood coagulation factor Xa. Fusion proteins were cleaved in
Morikawa Y; Moore JP; Wilkinson AJ; Jones IM; NERC Institute of Virology, Oxford, United Kingdom.
The role of selected glycosylation sites in the ability of the envelope glycoprotein of HIV-2 (gp 105) to bind to CD4 has been investigated. Loss of glycosylation sites at amino acids 410 and 447 did not affect the CD4 binding ability of gp 105 even when removed in pair combination. Loss of a single glycosylation site
Melchior JC; Salmon D; Rigaud D; Leport C; Bouvet E; Detruchis P; Vilde JL; Vachon F; Coulaud JP; Apfelbaum M; Service de Nutrition, Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris,; France.
Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured by reference to body composition in 50 malnourished patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and compared with that of 14 healthy subjects. Among HIV patients, 40 had acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 10 had AIDS-related complex (ARC). All we
Goodchild J; Kohli V; Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, Shrewsbury,; Massachusetts 01545.
Ribozymes designed to cleave sequences specific to viral RNA may be better antiviral agents than simple antisense oligonucleotides. High catalytic activity with the lowest possible chain length is desired for this purpose. We have synthesized several hammerhead ribozymes that cleave sequences from HIV-1 RNA. On reduci
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991 Feb;48(2):143-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91112980
Perry S; Fishman B; Jacobsberg L; Young J; Frances A; Cornell University Medical College, New York Hospital, NY.
To examine the effectiveness of three psychoeducational interventions in reducing emotional distress after voluntary serologic testing for human immunodeficiency virus-1,307 physically asymptomatic adults were randomly assigned to standard counseling, counseling plus a three-session interactive video program, or couns
Can Nurse. 1991 Jan;87(1):38-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91114008
Guyonnet M
Both hospital and community health nurses need to overcome their fears of AIDS contagion. Faced with a growing number of children and families affected by AIDS, nurses will see their role as health provider change. Working within a multidisciplinary health team nurses will become change agents, promoting sound physica
Malabonga VM; Basti J; Kamholz SL; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Brooklyn; 11203-2098.
Although cryptococcal pneumonia is a well recognized complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, optimal diagnostic approaches remain to be defined. During a 32-month period (October 1984 to June 1987), 11 patients were diagnosed with CP at our institution. The diagnosis was established in all 11 patients
Shanley DJ; Luyckx BA; Haggerty MF; Murphy TF; Department of Radiology, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu,; Hawaii 95859-5000.
Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may predispose these patients to recurrent apical Pneumocystis infection. Bullous changes and pulmonary cysts develop in the lung apices due to repeated episodes of inflammation and cyt
Gerbert B; Sumser J; Maguire BT; Miyasaki C; Division of Behavioral Sciences, School of Dentistry, University; of California, San Francisco 94143-0754.
Because many dentists were trained before HIV disease was recognized and its implications for dentistry understood, there is a need for effective continuing education programs about the disease for health professionals. Unfortunately, much of the continuing professional education about AIDS in the last few years has b
Kurata JH; Lewis CE; Chetkovich DM; Morton A; Werblun MN; Department of Family Medicine, San Bernardino County Medical; Center, CA.
Information regarding practice patterns specific to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was obtained in 1988 from 1774 family physicians in California using a mail survey. Data were analyzed across the following county groupings: Los Angeles County, other counties in standard metropolitan statistical areas, and
Life Sci. 1991;48(4):PL13-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91117028
Fassler JE; O'Dorisio TM; Goddard CG; Gaginella TS; Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus 43210.
An integral transmembrane glycoprotein of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is gp 41. Five peptides (P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5) containing a conserved region of the gp 41 molecule have been synthesized. We tested P3, P4 and P5 for their effects on short-circuit current (Isc) across rat colonic mucosa. All three pept
Life Sci. 1991;48(4):347-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91117034
Campbell WB; Hughes MJ; Osther K; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of; Pharmacology, Dallas 75235-9041.
Human umbilical cord vessels are commonly used as a source of human vascular tissue for physiological studies and as a source of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Blood samples from 236 umbilical cords were tested for the presence of HIV-1 antibodies to access the prevalence of HIV-1 infection and to evaluate possi
Science. 1991 Feb 15;251(4995):791-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91118016
Mosier DE; Gulizia RJ; Baird SM; Wilson DB; Spector DH; Spector SA; Division of Immunology, Medical Biology Institute, La Jolla, CA; 92037.
Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes (hu-PBL-SCID mice) have inducible human immune function and may be useful as a small animal model for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) research. Hu-PBL-SCID mice infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1
South Med J. 1991 Feb;84(2):193-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91118076
Lange WR; Frame JD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,; Baltimore, MD.
North American mission boards (N = 82) with programs in sub-Saharan Africa were surveyed to identify practices affecting risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among international staff. Thirty-four percent of participating boards thought risk for HIV-1 infection in missionaries in Africa was gr
South Med J. 1991 Feb;84(2):198-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91118077
Lee JH 2d; Branan L; Watkins L; Hoff GL; Bayer WL; Tegtmeier G; Kansas City, Mo, Health Department.
Of 4340 clients of a clinic for those with sexually transmitted diseases who were eligible for voluntary, confidential, serologic testing for the human immunodeficiency virus, 4246 (97.8%) consented to testing; 23 (0.5%) were seropositive. Of 94 persons who declined voluntary testing but who were tested in a blinded s
South Med J. 1991 Feb;84(2):273-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91118098
Stein DS; Weems JJ; Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.
We have described two patients with AIDS who had cavitary Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia while receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. This is the first report of this complication. Neither patient showed a clinical response to subsequent use of pentamidine either intravenously or by aerosol followed by intrave
Am Fam Physician. 1991 Feb;43(2):457-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91118809
Dowling PT; L.A. County-Harbor/UCLA Medical Center, Torrance.
Approximately 25 percent of individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis become infected. Of those, about 10 percent will develop clinically active tuberculosis at some time in their lives. The tuberculin skin test should be used to screen all patients, especially those at greatest risk of contracting the disease
Am J Public Health. 1991 Feb;81(2):168-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91119023
Kelly JA; St. Lawrence JS; Diaz YE; Stevenson LY; Hauth AC; Brasfield TL; Kalichman SC; Smith JE; Andrew ME; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE. Peer norms influence the adoption of behavior changes to reduce risk for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. By experimentally intervening at a community level to modify risk behavior norms, it may be possible to promote generalized reductions in HIV risk practices within a population
Am J Public Health. 1991 Feb;81(2):194-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91119028
Penkower L; Dew MA; Kingsley L; Becker JT; Satz P; Schaerf FW; Sheridan K; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine,; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15260.
We examined whether 644 homosexual men who engaged in receptive anal intercourse were at particularly elevated risk for seroconversion if they also possessed specific behavioral, health or psychosocial vulnerability characteristics. Of 11 potential factors examined, heavy drinking, moderate to heavy drug use, and youn
Am J Public Health. 1991 Feb;81(2):208-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91119033
Rotheram-Borus MJ; Koopman C; Division of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY; 10032.
Sexual risk behaviors, knowledge of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and beliefs about AIDS prevention were examined among 126 runaways. In the previous 3 months, 65 percent of youths had been sexually active. Among the sexually active runaways, males reported a median of 2.7 partners and females reported 1.
Am J Public Health. 1991 Feb;81(2):210-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91119034
Torres CG; Turner ME; Harkess JR; Istre GR; Epidemiology Service, Oklahoma State Department of Health,; Oklahoma City 73152.
This study describes the measures being taken by AIDS surveillance offices across the country to ensure the security of information regarding patients with AIDS and HIV infection. Security measures were evaluated according to the cumulative number of AIDS cases reported, whether partner notification services were prov
Am J Public Health. 1991 Feb;81(2):215-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91119036
Kaufman GI; DiFerdinando GT Jr; Gottesman SE; New York State Department of Health, Albany 12237-0045.
Hospital discharge records of patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in New York State were studied to determine whether cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were identified. We estimate that as many as 13 percent of hospitalizations of patients with PCP in 1987 and 10 percent of those in
Am J Public Health. 1991 Feb;81(2):217-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91119037
Lafferty WE; Glidden D; Hopkins SG; Office of Epidemiology and Surveillance, HIV/AIDS and Infectious; Diseases, Washington State Department of Health, Seattle; 98155-7224.
Survival rates of 609 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Washington State diagnosed between 1982 and 1987 according to pre-1987 AIDS surveillance definition were analyzed. People with a primary diagnosis of Kaposi s sarcoma survived longer than those with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Both groups
Wachter RM; Russi MB; Bloch DA; Hopewell PC; Luce JM
To determine whether the outcome of intensive care for patients with AIDS, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), and respiratory failure has changed, we studied patients admitted to the intensive care units an San Francisco General Hospital from 1981 to 1988. We compared the course of patients with PCP and respiratory
Blood. 1991 Feb 1;77(3):481-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91120948
Sakaguchi M; Sato T; Groopman JE; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Robert Mapplethorpe Laboratory; for AIDS Research, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA; 02215.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is capable of infecting certain cells of hematopoietic lineage, particularly monocyte-macrophages and T lymphocytes. Recently, the possibility that cells of megakaryocytic lineage are susceptible to HIV infection has been raised. We have characterized infection of the permanent m
Cancer. 1991 Feb 15;67(4):1008-18. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91121361
Shabb N; Katz R; Ordonez N; Goodacre A; Hirsch-Ginsberg C; el-Naggar A; Division of Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer; Center, Houston 77030.
Forty-six fine-needle aspirates of lymphoproliferative lesions from 31 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients were reviewed using cytomorphologic, immunocytochemical, flow cytometric (FCM), cytogenetic, and molecular studies. There were 29 lymphomas (15 small non-cleaved cell [SNCL], 11 large cell [LCL],
Parisi A; Strosselli M; Pan A; Maserati R; Minoli L; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, Italy.
Because of the growing incidence of neurological disorders in HIV-infected patients, an early detection of the disease seems to be of paramount importance, especially in asymptomatic subjects. By using electroencephalography coupled with computerized spectral analysis and mapping (EEG-CSA), paroxysmal sharp activity w
A computer search revealed 10 proteins with homology to the sequence we originally identified in vimentin as the site of cleavage by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease. Of these 10 proteins (actin, alpha-actinin, spectrin, tropomyosins, vinculin, dystrophin, MAP-2, villin, TRK-1 and Ig mu-chain), we
J Immunol. 1991 Feb 15;146(4):1316-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91123707
Finbloom DS; Hoover DL; Meltzer MS; Division of Cytokine Biology, Food and Drug Administration,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Inasmuch as the exact level of CD4 Ag expression on macrophages is controversial and because HIV may interact with macrophages in a manner different from that on T cells, we analyzed the binding of gp120 to freshly isolated and cultured monocytes. rgp120 was iodinated using the lactoperoxidase method to a sp. act. of
Dosaka N; Tanaka T; Miyachi Y; Imamura S; Kakizuka A; Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University,; Japan.
The various clinical features of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) are frequently accompanied by skin eruptions. Recently, a cutaneous type of ATL has been proposed by clinical studies. We analyzed the viral integration of human T-cell leukemia virus-I (HTLV-I) and monoclonal rearrangement of T-cell receptor (TCR)
Payne TH; Cohn DL; Davidson AJ; Henry TD; Schaefer JW; Gabow PA; Department of Medicine, Denver General Hospital, Colorado.
We have observed many patients with AIDS who have unexplained marked elevations in serum alkaline phosphatase. To determine the frequency of alkaline phosphatase elevations in patients with AIDS, and to identify diagnoses, medications, and demographic factors associated with such elevations, we conducted a retrospecti
Safrin S; Sattler FR; Lee BL; Young T; Bill R; Boylan CT; Mills J; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
In a prospective, noncomparative study, seven patients with mild Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, characterized by room air arterial PO2 greater than 60 mm Hg at the time of presentation, were treated with dapsone alone at a dose of 200 mg daily. Two of the seven patients required mechanical ventilation for respiratory
Levy RM; Breit R; Russell E; Dal Canto MC; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, Illinois 60611.
Two patients with AIDS-related neurologic dysfunction were evaluated with both computed tomographic (CT) brain scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CT scans were essentially normal in both patients while MRI revealed focal lesions amenable to brain biopsy. Using newly developed instrumentation, MRI-guided stere
Sheppard HW; Ascher MS; Busch MP; Sohmer PR; Stanley M; Luce MC; Chimera JA; Madej R; Rodgers GC; Lynch C; et al; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, Division of; Laboratories, California Department of Health Services, Berkeley.
The sensitivity and specificity of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of HIV-1 proviral DNA was determined in five laboratories with extensive experience in PCR testing. Five panels consisting of 105 HIV-1-seronegative specimens from regularly repeating blood donors with no risk factors for HIV infe
Harrington WJ Jr; Miller GA; Kemper RR; Byrne GE Jr; Whitcomb CC; Rabin M; Division of Genetics, William J. Harrington Center for Blood; Diseases, School of Medicine, Florida.
We report here 10 cases of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) seen in South Florida between February 1988 and July 1989. All were seropositive for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). DNA extracted from tumor biopsies/peripheral blood lymphocyte
Mhalu F; Hirji K; Ijumba P; Shao J; Mbena E; Mwakagile D; Akim C; Senge P; Mponezya H; Bredberg-Raden U; et al; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili Medical; Centre, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
We report results of a cross-sectional study of a program for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection control among public house workers in Dar es Salaam. Forty percent of the 605 workers sampled had been part of this program, which included behavioral counseling and provision of condoms, for 1 year. The remainin
J Med Chem. 1991 Jan;34(1):343-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124384
Tseng CK; Marquez VE; Milne GW; Wysocki RJ Jr; Mitsuya H; Shirasaki T; Driscoll JS; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Cancer Institute,; NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Two ring-expanded analogues (compounds 2 and 3) of the anti-HIV fermentation product oxetanocin A (1) were synthesized from commercially available diacetone D-glucose. Antiviral testing against HIV in ATH8 cells revealed that the ring-expanded analogue 2 possessed a similar activity profile as oxetanocin A. Neither co
J Med Chem. 1991 Jan;34(1):349-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124385
Tanaka H; Baba M; Hayakawa H; Sakamaki T; Miyasaka T; Ubasawa M; Takashima H; Sekiya K; Nitta I; Shigeta S; et al; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
A series of novel acyclouridine derivatives substituted at both the C-5 and C-6 positions were synthesized for the purpose of improving the activity of a recently reported HIV-1-specific lead, 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT). Preparation of C-6 substituted derivatives was carried out based on
J Med Chem. 1991 Jan;34(1):421-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124395
Phadtare S; Kessel D; Corbett TH; Renis HE; Court BA; Zimlicka J; Department of Chemistry, Michigan Cancer Foundation, Detroit; 48201.
A series of unsaturated analogues of nucleosides were prepared and their cytotoxic, antitumor, and antiviral activities were investigated. Alkylation of cytosine with (E)-1,4-dichloro-2-butene gave chloro derivative 2f, which was hydrolyzed to alcohol 2h. Cytosine, adenine, 2-amino-6-chloropurine, thymine, and (Z)-1,4
Ohsawa M; Aozasa K; Horiuchi K; Ikeda H; Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara,; Japan.
To examine whether nodal non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL) share common features in every nodal site, histologic and immunohistologic findings were analyzed site by site. Cases selected were nodal NHL of neck (17 cases), submandibular (10 cases), inguinal (9 cases), and abdominal cavity (22 cases). No significant differen
BACKGROUND AND METHODS. In patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the rate of relapse after primary treatment for cryptococcal meningitis remains high. We conducted a controlled, double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy of maintenance therapy with fluconazole. At entry into the study, all part
Kaplan JE; Litchfield B; Rouault C; Lairmore MD; Luo CC; Williams L; Brew BJ; Price RW; Janssen R; Stoneburner R; et al; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
Six months after receiving 58 units of blood components, a 65-year-old white man from New York City, with no other risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection, developed HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Investigation of blood donors identified a 25-year-old
Ollo C; Johnson R Jr; Grafman J; Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) from 2 groups of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men with no physical illness or neurologic involvement: 9 asymptomatic (AS+) and 9 classified as having either acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS; 7) or AIDS-related complex (ARC; 2). In separate choice
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 1;88(3):683-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126060
Kjems J; Brown M; Chang DD; Sharp PA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of; Technology, Cambridge 02139.
The specific interaction between a defined structural element of the human immunodeficiency virus mRNA (RRE, the Rev response element) and the virus-encoded protein Rev has been implicated in the regulation of the export of unspliced or singly spliced mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Rev protein was expressed a
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1991 Jan 19;121(3):51-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126453
Scheuring M; Frey-Wettstein M; Zurcher Blutspendedienst SRK, Blutspendezentrum Limmattal,; Spitalstrasse 32, CH-8952 Schlieren.
Up to summer 1987, 19 patients who had acquired HIV infection by blood transfusion had been recorded in Switzerland . In the subsequent period, up to 1989, a further 15 patients with transfusion-associated HIV infection were recorded. In December 1989, 7 of these patients were
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1991 Jan 19;121(3):67-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126455
Steiner A; Battegay M; Greminger P; Luthy R; Departement fur Innere Medizin, Medizinische Poliklinik,; Universitatsspital Zurich.
Recent case reports emphasize that HIV infection may influence the clinical picture, course and therapy of concurrent syphilis. The case of a 32-year-old patient with coinfection by T. pallidum and HIV is presented. Clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures and therapy are discussed in the light of the current lite
Tchekmedyian NS; Hickman M; Heber D; Pacific Coast Hematology/Oncology Medical Group, Long Beach, CA.
Anorexia is a symptom of cancer and a cause of decreased caloric intake and weight loss. Successful treatment for anorexia can improve the patient s well-being and prevent or reverse the effects of anorexia on nutrition. Following reports of appetite enhancement and weight gain in uncontrolled studies of high-dose (32
Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Feb;86(2):210-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91127469
Chedid A; Mendenhall CL; Gartside P; French SW; Chen T; Rabin L; University of Health Sciences, Chicago Medical School, Department; of Pathology, Illinois.
Two hundred eighty-one alcoholic patients were prospectively evaluated by clinical, biochemical, and histologic parameters during a 4-yr period to assess their prognosis. They were stratified into four categories of injury: 1) fatty liver (26 patients), 2) acute alcoholic hepatitis (106), 3) cirrhosis (39), and 4) cir
Schafer A; Friedmann W; Mielke M; Schwartlander B; Koch MA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rudolf Virchow Hospital,; Free University Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.
Cytologic and histologic investigations of the uterine cervix and studies of the lymphocyte functions were performed in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and human immunodeficiency virus antibody-negative women to study possible linkages between human papillomavirus-induced dysplasia and degree of human immunodefi
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected multinucleated giant cells previously were detected only in the central nervous system of HIV-positive patients. Reported here are the first cases in which such infected cells were observed outside the central nervous system, in the oropharyngeal lymphoid tissues. Tonsils an
OBJECTIVE: To investigate occult enteric infections and morphologic changes in the small intestine in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and chronic diarrhea of undefined cause. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Referral-based clinic and hospital in tertiary care center. PATIENTS: T
Deicken RF; Hubesch B; Jensen PC; Sappey-Marinier D; Krell P; Wisniewski A; Vanderburg D; Parks R; Fein G; Weiner MW; Magnetic Resonance Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San; Francisco, Calif. 94121.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals often demonstrate neuropsychiatric impairment; however, it is unclear how brain metabolism may be altered in such patients. We used in vivo phosphorus 31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy to noninvasively assess brain energy and phospholipid metabolism by measuring
Britt JM; Clifton BC; Barnebey HS; Mills RP; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle; 98195.
Attention has been directed recently to appropriate methods for sterilizing tonometers to inactivate the human immunodeficiency virus and other viruses that have been found in tears. Noncontact tonometry, utilizing a brief pulse of pressurized air, is an alternative that avoids the need for sterilization procedures. W
Biochemistry. 1991 Feb 12;30(6):1600-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91129232
Jaskolski M; Tomasselli AG; Sawyer TK; Staples DG; Heinrikson RL; Schneider J; Kent SB; Wlodawer A; Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, National Cancer; Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center,; Maryland 21702-1201.
The crystal structure of a complex between chemically synthesized human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease and an octapeptide inhibitor has been refined to an R factor of 0.138 at 2.5-A resolution. The substrate-based inhibitor, H-Val-Ser-Gln-Asn-Leu psi [CH(OH)CH2]Val-Ile-Val-OH (U-85548e) contains a hydr
Blood. 1991 Feb 15;77(4):879-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91129345
Sunzeri FJ; Lee TH; Brownlee RG; Busch MP; Irwin Memorial Blood Centers, San Francisco, CA 94118.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is a powerful new tool for amplifying target DNA, thus allowing for sensitive detection of specific nucleic acid sequences. One important potential use of PCR involves screening the donated blood supply for transfusion-transmitted viruses. Realization of this goal has been
Blood. 1991 Feb 15;77(4):896-905. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91129347
Manns A; Murphy EL; Wilks R; Haynes G; Figueroa JP; Hanchard B; Barnett M; Drummond J; Waters D; Cerney M; et al; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
From a cohort of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) exposed transfusion recipients (N = 71) enrolled in the Jamaican Transfusion Study, 11 were selected for detailed laboratory evaluation. All recipients were followed at monthly intervals for 6 months and then bimonthly up to 1 year for evidence of HTLV-I
Dooley DP; Cox RA; Looney DJ; Department of Research Immunology, San Antonio State Chest; Hospital, TX 78223.
An investigation was undertaken to determine whether a recombinant gp160 envelope protein, which is currently being evaluated as a vaccine for AIDS, induces or modulates the production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). Incubation of monocytes from healthy, HIV-seronegative
Kelly M; Siegel MA; Balciunas BA; Konzelman JL; Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental; School, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201.
Oral candidiasis, herpetic lesions, oral mucosal warts, human immunodeficiency virus-associated gingivitis and periodontitis, Kaposi s sarcoma, hairy leukoplakia, and non-Hodgkin s lymphoma are oral manifestations of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. This paper will ex
Serio FG; Siegel MA; Department of Periodontics, Dental School, University of; Maryland, Baltimore 21201.
Periodontal diseases are a collection of disorders that may affect patients throughout life. The most common form of periodontal disease, gingivitis, which affects only the soft tissues, is seen in children, adolescents, and adults. Periodontitis, which destroys the bone supporting a tooth, is found more commonly in a
Graham BD; McKinsey DS; Driks MR; Smith DL; Department of Colon-Rectal Surgery, Research Hospital, Kansas; City, Missouri.
Colonic histoplasmosis is a rare entity. There have been four previous reported cases within the population of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Because of the increasing incidence of HIV infection within regions where histoplasmosis is endemic, this condition may become more common. Gastroin
Wilcox CM; Forsmark CE; Darragh T; Yen TS; Cello JP; Gastroenterology Division, San Francisco General Hospital,; California.
Diseases of the liver or peritoneum resulting in ascites have been infrequently reported in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Since 1985, eight noncirrhotic patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presenting with new onset high-protein ascites have been evaluated. All but one patient h
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1991 Jan;13(1):4-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91130859
James ME; Rubin CP; Willis SE; Department of Psychiatry and Gynecology, Emory University School; of Medicine, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia 30335.
In a sample of 55 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive pregnant patients, a history of drug abuse was significantly associated with increased psychopathology, particularly depression and personality disorders. Psychiatric disorders preceded the HIV diagnosis in most of the patients studied. Intravenous drug
Int J Cancer. 1991 Feb 1;47(3):426-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91131208
Chimori Y; Minowada J; First Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of; Medicine, Japan.
A total of 72 human leukemia-lymphoma cell lines were studied for reactivity with the monoclonal antibody (MAb) A7, an anti-human colon-cancer-cell-associated antigen reagent, by indirect membrane immunofluorescence. Nine of the 72 cell lines expressed the antigen recognized by A7 MAb. Five of the 34 T-cell lines, 2 o
Gilbert M; Kirihara J; Mills J; Division of Infectious Diseases, San Francisco General Hospital,; California 94110-2897.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that can measure picogram quantities of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) in cell culture medium or body fluids has been developed. Recombinant, soluble CD4 immobilized in microtiter trays was used to capture gp120, which was then
J Immunol. 1991 Mar 1;146(5):1516-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91132016
Delfraissy JF; Wallon C; Boue F; Barresinoussi F; Galanaud P; INSERM, U131, Hopital Antoine Beclere, Clamart, France.
Polyclonal B cell activation is commonly observed in HIV-infected patients. The coordinate delivery of a number of signals is required for B cell response. This work was designed to better define the role of HIV in the first steps of normal human B cells activation. We show that the infectious virus or recombinant env
Puppo F; Ruzzenenti R; Brenci S; Lanza L; Scudeletti M; Indiveri F; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Italy.
In the present paper we analyze the role of major histocompatibility gene products, the human leukocyte antigens, in the pathophysiology of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. No association has been found between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) frequencies and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV 1) infection,
Raphael SA; Price ML; Lischner HW; Griffin JW; Grover WD; Bagasra O; Department of Pediatrics, Temple University School of Medicine,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Hernandez JT; Smith FJ; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of; Medicine, Chapel Hill 27514-7160.
Most health professionals understand the importance of targeting behaviors, not groups, for disease prevention. Yet with regard to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) education programming, target groups have been defined by salient demographic traits, including race, in part due to incomplete knowledge about r
Med Care. 1991 Feb;29(2):87-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91133074
Freeman HE; Department of Sociology, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic and the prevalence of HIV-positive persons in the population has provoked marked anxiety among hospital staffs of acquiring nosocomially transmitted HIV infections. A national telephone survey of key staff in a sample of 561 acute-care hospitals was undertaken to describ
Mo Med. 1991 Jan;88(1):28-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91133408
Baumgartner TF; Hagar-Mace L; Dabney S; Bureau of AIDS Prevention, Missouri Department of Health,; Jefferson City 65102.
Fewer than half of Missouri physicians responding to a statewide survey are willing to treat patients with HIV infection, and even fewer are willing to treat patients with AIDS. The authors discuss these survey results and their implications for patient care in Missouri.
N Engl J Med. 1991 Mar 7;324(10):654-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91133495
Denning DW; Follansbee SE; Scolaro M; Norris S; Edelstein H; Stevens DA; Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San; Jose, Calif.
BACKGROUND AND METHODS. Symptomatic pulmonary aspergillosis has rarely been reported in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We describe the predisposing factors, the clinical and radiologic features, and the therapeutic outcomes in 13 patients with pulmonary aspergillosis, all of whom had huma
Lucatorto FM; Franker C; Hardy WD; Chafey S; Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry and Medicine,; University of California, Los Angeles.
We describe a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had persistent oral esophageal pseudomembranous candidiasis clinically refractory to nystatin, clotrimazole, and ketoconazole. In vitro resistance to clotrimazole was demonstrated as well. The patient received temporary relief with intravenous ampho
Phelan JA; Eisig S; Freedman PD; Newsome N; Klein RS; School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York.
This report describes persistent, painful oral ulcers that occurred in nine patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These ulcers resembled major aphthous ulcers in clinical appearance and response to therapy. They occurred less frequently in patients with AIDS than those caused by herpes simplex a
Postgrad Med. 1991 Feb 15;89(3):30-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91134024
Henry K; Thurn J; University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis.
Healthcare workers know that there is a risk of HIV infection through exposure to AIDS patients. In both hospital and office settings, physicians have the opportunity to set standards and promote education about the degree of risk, effective precautions, and postexposure testing, prophylaxis, and treatment. Drs Henry
Fillipo BH; Russin SJ; Internal Medicine Residency Program, Hahnemann, University School; of Medicine, Philadelphia.
The role of primary care physicians in diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is becoming increasingly important. Given the development of antiretroviral therapy, which can delay the clinical progression of asymptomatic HIV infection, early and accurate identification is invaluable to these patients
Postgrad Med. 1991 Feb 15;89(3):49-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91134026
Tucker VL; Cho CT; Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center; School of Medicine, Kansas City.
AIDS in adolescents (0.4% of all cases) is a problem of increasing importance in the United States . Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exists in high schools and on university campuses, and it presents a real and immediate threat to teenaged Americans who engage in d
S Afr Med J. 1991 Feb 2;79(3):149-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91134713
Friedland RH; Jankelowitz SK; de Beer M; de Klerk C; Khoury V; Csizmadia T; Padayachee GN; Levy S; Department of Community Health, University of the Witwatersrand,; Johannesburg.
Using an anonymous questionnaire to obtain baseline data on sexual behaviour and knowledge of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among students in university residences, the following information was obtained: Knowledge of AIDS was found to be high, although misconceptions regarding transmission of the viru
S Afr Med J. 1991 Feb 2;79(3):157-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91134715
Friedland IR; Snipelisky M; Department of Paediatrics, Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg.
Twenty-three children with vertically transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection were seen at Baragwanath Hospital between May 1989 and April 1990. There was a marked increase in the number of cases in 1990. Infected children presented at a median age of 6 months; most commonly with lymphadenopa
Englund G; Hoggan MD; Theodore TS; Martin MA; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Three molecular clones of HIV-1, derived from a single isolate (AL1), exhibited distinct replicative and cytopathic properties during propagation in a human T cell line. The phenotypic differences observed were attributable, in large part, to changes affecting the viral LTR. Nucleotide sequence and PCR analyses demons
Cheng-Mayer C; Seto D; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
HIV-1 strains, including a molecularly cloned isolate, that had been passaged through different cell types adapted to faster growth in the same cell type and displayed a different host cell tropism. The only change in viral proteins revealed by immunoblot analyses was the molecular size of the envelope glycoprotein gp
Kontsek P; Borecky L; Novak M; Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava.
The interferon (IFN) activity found in human leukocyte IFN alpha preparations, autoimmune and AIDS sera, and others was reported to have distinct antigenic and deviating biological properties. This led to its vague designation as acid-labile and thermolabile IFN alpha. However, using specific monoclonal antibodies, th
Gutman LT; St Claire KK; Weedy C; Herman-Giddens ME; Lane BA; Niemeyer JG; McKinney RE Jr; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
During 1987-1989, 14 (14.6%) of the 96 children who tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and were followed up by the Duke University (Durham, NC) pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome team were confirmed to have been sexually abused. Every sexually abused child was evaluated for each of fi
Farrow JA; Schwartz RH; Vanderleeuw J; Division of Adolescent Medicine, University of Washington,; Seattle 98195.
We characterize associations with and motivations for tattooing in adolescents through data from a controlled, three-group comparison of adolescents from a substance abuse treatment program, detention center, and private pediatric practice. We surveyed 474 adolescents (12 to 18 years old) with tattoos (12%) and withou
Ann Intern Med. 1991 Mar 15;114(6):455-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91136050
Sepkowitz KA; Telzak EE; Gold JW; Bernard EM; Blum S; Carrow M; Dickmeyer M; Armstrong D; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
OBJECTIVE: To determine risk factors for the development of pneumothorax in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care center. PATIENTS: Of 1030 patients with AIDS who were followed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1 January 19
Eastham JN Jr; Thompson ME; Ryan PA; Department of Emergency Health Services, University of Maryland; Baltimore County 21228.
Career and treatment attitudes related to potential human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) exposure are reported based on a survey of 1,228 Maryland career and volunteer prehospital care providers trained to provide basic (BLS) and advanced (ALS) life support. Sixty-five percent
Nakao K; Matsumoto M; Ohba N; Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Faculty of; Medicine, Japan.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) has been shown to spread worldwide and to be responsible for distinct systemic diseases, namely adult T-cell leukaemia and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. Immune-mediated, inflammatory lesions in the lungs, joints, and lacrimal glands (Sjogren s syndrome) are also suggested to
Carson DA; Carrera CJ; Wasson DB; Iizasa T; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla.
Although several different enzymes with 5 -nucleotidase activity have been described in mammalian cells, their functions in nucleotide metabolism have not been clearly distinguished. In the present experiments, a mutant human T lymphoblastoid cell line (CEM-dAdoR) was selected specifically for resistance to deoxyadeno
An intravenous solution of 99% pure globulin (hyperimmune IgG, HIVIG) was obtained from pooled plasma of selected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)-seropositive asymptomatic donors with greater than 400 CD4+/microliters cells per microliter and a high titer of antibody to HIV-1 p24 protein. HIVIG had high titers of
Can Nurse. 1991 Feb;87(2):34-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91138055
Cote JK
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has a considerable effect in many areas: individual, social, economic, demographic and cultural. Its emotional impact alone is pervasive and characterized by catastrophic losses of health, employment, independence and friends or loved ones. This study describes these losses.
Camus F; de Picciotto C; Lepretre A; Landman R; Girard PM; Laboratoire d' Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hopital; Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France.
The effects of primary and secondary long-term prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with aerosolized pentamidine on pulmonary function in HIV+ patients were evaluated. Eighty-one patients, none of whom were drug addicts or had pulmonary Kaposi s sarcoma, were studied. Fifty patients were receiving AP as secon
McKenzie RS; Glenn LD; Goldsmith JC; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical; Center, Omaha 68198-5130.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia complicated the course of two patients with multiple myeloma. The diagnosis was established in both cases by bronchoalveolar lavage, which demonstrated the typical pneumocysts. Clinical and roentgenographic improvement in both patients was observed following a course of trimethoprim-sulf
Mariuz P; Raviglione MC; Gould IA; Mullen MP; Department of Medicine, Cabrini Medical Center, New York.
Extrapulmonary Pneumocystis carinii infection is a rare occurrence in patients with AIDS. Pleural involvement has been demonstrated in only one case, and this occurred after pneumothorax. This is a case report of pleural pneumocystosis in a patient with AIDS who did not have a pneumothorax.
Lalor E; Rabeneck L; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St.; Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
In this paper we describe the results of oral therapy of esophageal candidiasis with clotrimazole vaginal tablets in 25 homosexual men with AIDS, of whom 19 had oral candidiasis and 16 had esophageal symptoms. Therapy with clotrimazole vaginal tablets, 100 mg, taken by mouth cleared the esophageal symptoms, oral candi
Weichs an der Glon C; Monks J; Proudfoot NJ; Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, UK.
To investigate the selective use of poly(A) sites in the 3 long terminal repeat (LTR) but not the 5 LTR of retroviruses, we have studied the poly(A) site of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Using hybrid HIV/alpha-globin gene constructs, we demonstrate that the HIV poly(A) site is inactive or occluded when a
Int J Cancer. 1991 Feb 20;47(4):491-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91139259
Kinoshita T; Tsujimoto A; Shimotohno K; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo, Japan.
For detailed comparison of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM), the nucleotide sequences of parts of the long terminal repeat (LTR) and env regions of the HTLV-I proviruses from 12 patients with HAM, 8 patients with ATL and one with both dis
Cooper JS; Steinfeld AD; Lerch I; Division of Radiation Oncology, NYU Medical Center, NY 10016.
The indications for and outcome of radiotherapy for 226 epidemic Kaposi s sarcomas are reported. The overall likelihood of obtaining complete regression of tumor masses was 68%, although residual purple pigmentation remained in 20%. Local recurrence developed in 9%. The indications for treatment were not equally repre
Weber T; Freter A; Luer W; Haas J; Stark E; Poser S; Felgenhauer K; Department of Neurology, University of Gottingen, F.R.G.
An ELISA procedure is described for the quantification of intrathecally synthesized immunoglobulin G antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens. Recombinant p17, p24, endonuclease (END), reverse transcriptase (RT), a peptide from the transmembrane region of gp41 (ENV80) and a fusion protein containing H
Hjelle B; Mills R; Swenson S; Mertz G; Key C; Allen S; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of; Medicine, Albuquerque 87131.
Unlike human T cell leukemia-lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I), HTLV-II has not been convincingly linked to a malignancy. In the first 10 months of serologic screening for HTLV-I/II among blood donors in New Mexico in 1988-1989, HTLV-I/II infection was found in 27 donors. HTLV-I/II infection was present in 1.0%-1.6% of A
Keefer MC; Bonnez W; Roberts NJ Jr; Dolin R; Reichman RC; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of; Medicine and Dentistry, New York 14642.
The lymphocyte proliferative responses were studied of 12 volunteers enrolled in a phase I trial of a baculovirus-expressed recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (rgp160) vaccine. Six subjects received rgp160 and three subjects each received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine or pl
Didier ES; Didier PJ; Friedberg DN; Stenson SM; Orenstein JM; Yee RW; Tio FO; Davis RM; Vossbrinck C; Millichamp N; et al; Department of Microbiology, Delta Regional Primate Research; Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana 70433.
A new human microsporidian was isolated from cultures of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells incubated with conjunctival scrapings or corneal tissues from three AIDS patients with keratoconjunctivitis. The three isolates were morphologically similar to Encephalitozoon cuniculi. The spores averaged 1 x 1.5-2.0 microns, had
Occupational exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has led to a low but finite incidence of infection among health care providers. In such circumstances, postexposure administration of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (zidovudine; AZT ) might be
de Wit R; Danner SA; Bakker PJ; Lange JM; Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK; Veenhof CH; Division of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
The effectiveness of addition of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) to zidovudine in patients with AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma was assessed in a non-randomized, phase II clinical trial. Twenty-one patients were treated with oral zidovudine (600 mg daily) and IFN-alpha was increased to 18 MU daily for another 4 weeks. O
J Community Health Nurs. 1991;8(1):3-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91140213
Brennan PF; Ripich S; Moore SM
Care of the patient at home challenges nurses with both the quantity and diversity of services required. New technologies such as computer networks may provide mechanisms to relieve the burden on traditional services, while opening new ways to meet the unique needs of home-based patients in a timely and effective mann
Gauch RR; Feeney KB; Brown JW; Department of Public Administration, Marist College,; Poughkeepsie, NY.
To determine the influence of AIDS on the attitudes and behaviors of medical technologists, a survey was taken which shows that one quarter are considering leaving the field. Individuals who plan to stay in the profession are less fearful of AIDS, more satisfied with the policies their organizations have established r
Eisig S; Boguslaw B; Cooperband B; Phelan J; Department of Dentistry/Division of Oral and Maxillofacial; Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical; Center, Bronx, NY 10467.
J Med Chem. 1991 Feb;34(2):746-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91140605
Kukla MJ; Breslin HJ; Pauwels R; Fedde CL; Miranda M; Scott MK; Sherrill RG; Raeymaekers A; Van Gelder J; Andries K; et al; Janssen Research Foundation, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477.
A series of 6-substituted 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-methylimidazo[4,5,1-jk][1,4]benzodiazepin- 2(1H)-ones (9) have been synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit the replication of the HIV-1 virus in MT-4 cells. Two synthetic methods are described, one of which allows the synthesis of single enantiomers of the fi
Moore JP; McKeating JA; Norton WA; Sattentau QJ; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
We have analyzed the binding of soluble CD4 (sCD4) to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virions (isolates IIIB and RF) at 4 and 37 degrees C by using a combination of gel exclusion chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection systems. The sCD4 binding curve at 37 degrees C indicates that th
Michael NL; Morrow P; Mosca J; Vahey M; Burke DS; Redfield RR; Department of Retroviral Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850.
We have analyzed the kinetics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA induction in chronically infected T cells and promonocytes. A substantial amount of spliced mRNAs and assembled virions was found in resting cells. Induction increased the steady-state level of total HIV-1 RNA by 4-fold but increased the
Guy B; Geist M; Dott K; Spehner D; Kieny MP; Lecocq JP; Transgene S. A., Strasbourg, France.
The Vif protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) regulates viral infectivity. Virions produced in cell culture after transfection by a Vif-negative molecular clone show a dramatic decrease in infectivity for susceptible CD4+ cell lines, although the Vif protein does not appear to be a constituent of the
Barry PA; Pratt-Lowe E; Unger RE; Luciw PA; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis; 95616.
It is hypothesized that the immediate-early (IE) gene products of human cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) and the transactivator (TAT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) regulate HIV-1 gene expression through mechanisms invol
Parrott C; Seidner T; Duh E; Leonard J; Theodore TS; Buckler-White A; Martin MA; Rabson AB; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The long terminal repeat (LTR) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) contains three binding sites for the transcriptional factor Sp1. In order to investigate the role that the Sp1-binding sites play in regulation of HIV replication, we have introduced a deletion of all three Sp1-binding sites into the LTR of an in
Callahan LN; Phelan M; Mallinson M; Norcross MA; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Food and Drug Admistration,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The mechanism of the antiviral activity of sulfated polysaccharides on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was investigated by determining the effect of dextran sulfate on the binding of CD4 and several anti-gp120 monoclonal antibodies to both recombinant and cell surface gp120. Dextran sulfate did not interfe
Gessain A; Louie A; Gout O; Gallo RC; Franchini G; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Tropical spastic paraparesis/human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM) is a chronic neurological illness epidemiologically associated with HTLV-I infection. We investigated the role of HTLV-I in the pathogenesis of this disease by studying viral expression in fresh uncultured
JAMA. 1991 Mar 6;265(9):1129-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91140820
Vlahov D; Brewer TF; Castro KG; Narkunas JP; Salive ME; Ullrich J; Munoz A; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Prevalence of antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was assessed among 10,994 consecutive male and female entrants to 10 correctional systems in the United States . The HIV-1 seroprevalence for the 10 systems ranged from 2.1% to 7.6% for men and 2.5% to 14.7% for w
Miura S; Ohtani K; Numata N; Niki M; Ohbo K; Ina Y; Gojobori T; Tanaka Y; Tozawa H; Nakamura M; et al; Department of Microbiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine,; Sendai, Japan.
We have cloned and sequenced a cDNA encoding gp34, a novel glycoprotein expressed in cells bearing human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). HTLV-I has a trans-acting transcriptional activator, p40tax, that is thought to be implicated in leukemogenesis through the activation of cellular enhancers. With a subline (J
DeZazzo JD; Kilpatrick JE; Imperiale MJ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan; Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0620.
In retroviral proviruses, the poly(A) site is present in both long terminal repeats (LTRs) but used only in the 3 position. One mechanism to account for this selective poly(A) site usage is that LTR U3 sequences, transcribed only from the 3 poly(A) site, are required in the RNA for efficient processing. To test this
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1182-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142136
Chen YM; Okayama A; Lee TH; Tachibana N; Mueller N; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
The tax gene product (Tax protein) of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a specific transcriptional activator of the viral long terminal repeat sequence and is essential for the replication cycle of the virus. To elucidate the relationship between the presence of anti-Tax antibody and the transmission of t
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1446-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142189
Yanagihara R; Nerurkar VR; Garruto RM; Miller MA; Leon-Monzon ME; Jenkins CL; Sanders RC; Liberski PP; Alpers MP; Gajdusek DC; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies, National Institute; of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We report the characterization of a variant of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) isolated from an interleukin 2-dependent, CD8+ T-cell line derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a healthy member of a remote, recently contacted hunter-horticulturalist group (Hagahai) in Madang province of
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1575-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142216
Duesberg PH; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of; California, Berkeley 94720.
The newly defined syndrome AIDS includes 25 unrelated parasitic, neoplastic, and noninfectious indicator diseases. Based on epidemiological correlations, the syndrome is thought to be due to a new, sexually or parenterally transmitted retrovirus termed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The following epidemiological
Andersen O; Sorensen AM; Svehag SE; Fenouillet E; Department of Medical Microbiology, Odense University, Denmark.
The highly glycosylated envelope glycoprotein (gp 160) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) interacts with the CD4 molecule present on the membrane of CD4+ cells and is involved in the pathobiology of HIV infection. Lectins bind glycoproteins through non-covalent interactions with specific hexose residues. The mammal
Todays OR Nurse. 1991 Feb;13(2):21-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142931
Fong AC
1. Ocular manifestations of AIDS are, for the most part, due to the opportunistic infections and neoplasias seen in the syndrome. 2. Ocular manifestations seen in AIDS patients include cytomegalovirus , Toxoplasma gondii, Candida sp, Cryptococcus sp, herpes simplex or zoste, Mycobac
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1991 Jan;52(1):A14-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91143653
Crutcher JM; Lamm SH; Hall TA; Navy Environmental & Preventive Medicine Unit, Pearl Harbor, HI; 96860.
The risk to workers of exposure to HIV or other blood-borne infectious diseases on the job is dependent upon the likelihood of exposure to blood, body fluids, or tissues while performing the tasks required by the job. Three categories of workplace-associated risk of HIV exposure have been defined. These categories can
Am J Med. 1991 Feb;90(2):145-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91143732
Fahey BJ; Koziol DE; Banks SM; Henderson DK; Hospital Epidemiology Service, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical; Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
PURPOSE: During annual periods before and after Universal Precautions training, we compared the frequency of health care workers self-reported cutaneous exposures to blood and various body substances from any patient and from patients presumed infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). SUBJECTS AND ME
Am J Med. 1991 Feb;90(2):154-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91143733
Grunfeld C; Kotler DP; Shigenaga JK; Doerrler W; Tierney A; Wang J; Pierson RN Jr; Feingold KR; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
PURPOSE: The metabolic disturbances seen during infection are thought to be due to cytokines, modulators of the immune response. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by a high prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and at times depletion of body cell mass (wasting). Elevated circulating levels of
Ann Emerg Med. 1991 Mar;20(3):276-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91144191
Sturm JT; Department of Emergency Medicine, Ramsey Clinic, St Paul,; Minnesota.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity of patients 15 years of age and older in our emergency department. DESIGN: HIV status was determined anonymously, and the seroprevalence rate was calculated. The 95% confidence intervals also were calculated. Twenty demog
To assess the role of alpha-tumor necrosis factor in the pathogenesis of central nervous system involvement during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, we recorded clinical data and measured alpha-tumor necrosis factor levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples from 45 patients infected with human immun
Povolotsky J; Gold JW; Chein N; Baron P; Armstrong D; Infectious Disease Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer; Center, New York, New York 10021.
Anti-p24 reactions in sera from 42 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected and 36 uninfected people with indeterminate Western blot antibody tests for HIV-1 were studied. Anti-p24 reactivity in HIV-1-infected people was completely blocked by HIV-1 recombinant p24 antigen, whereas the reaction in uninfecte
Med J Aust. 1991 Feb 4;154(3):175-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91109621
Donovan B; Bek MD; Pethebridge AM; Nelson MJ; Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, NSW.
Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmissible disease (STD) characteristic of a core group of individuals and their contacts. From the experience of a Sydney STD clinic, as well as local and national population-based reports, trends in heterosexually acquired gonorrhoea in Australia ov
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 15;88(2):512-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91110558
Ivey-Hoyle M; Culp JS; Chaikin MA; Hellmig BD; Matthews TJ; Sweet RW; Rosenberg M; Department of Gene Expression Sciences, SmithKline Beecham; Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, PA 19406.
The envelope glycoprotein gp120 of primate immunodeficiency viruses initiates viral attachment to CD4+ cells by binding to the CD4 antigen on host cell surfaces. However, among different CD4+ cell types, different viruses display distinct host cell ranges and cytopathicities. Determinants for both of these biological
BMJ. 1991 Jan 5;302(6767):23-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91121093
Cheingsong-Popov R; Panagiotidi C; Bowcock S; Aronstam A; Wadsworth J; Weber J; Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School,; London.
OBJECTIVE--To study the contribution of the humoral response to HIV-I at seroconversion to disease outcome after 84 months. DESIGN--A retrospective longitudinal study. SETTING--Two haemophilia centres in the United Kingdom . PATIENTS--88 Haemophiliac patients infected with HIV-I for who
Gotuzzo E; Frisancho O; Sanchez J; Liendo G; Carrillo C; Black RE; Morris JG Jr; Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt,; Universidad Perfuana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Eight cases of typhoid and paratyphoid fever were identified during a 4-year period in a cohort of 117 patients who were positive for human immunodeficiency virus in Lima, Peru . Asymptomatic patients with human immunodeficiency viru
Vendrell JP; Segondy M; Ducos J; Reynes J; Huguet MF; Nicolas JC; Serre A; Institut National de la Sante et la Recherche Medicale; (INSERM), Unite 249, Institut de Biologie, Montpellier, France.
We studied the spontaneous in vitro secretion of anti-HIV-1 antibodies by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HIV-1-infected patients. Specific antibody production was detected in supernatants of PBMC cultures using an ELISA; HIV-1 specificity was confirmed by antigen adsorption and Western blotting. This a
Muller F; Froland SS; Hvatum M; Radl J; Brandtzaeg P; Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology (LIIPAT),; University of Oslo, Rikshospitalet, Norway.
Secretory IgA (SIgA), the isotypes IgA1 and IgA2, and IgM were measured by ELISA in stimulated parotid saliva from patients with AIDS (n = 16), subjects with asymptomatic HIV infection (n = 28), and HIV-seronegative healthy controls (n = 19). SIgA was significantly reduced in the AIDS group (10.4 micrograms/ml) compar
Jeang KT; Chiu R; Santos E; Kim SJ; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The HTLV-I LTR is known to be induced by a variety of cellular signals. Tax protein is one potent viral trans-activator of LTR-directed transcription. We demonstrate here that Jun is another transcription factor that can strongly modulate the activity of this LTR. Using deletion and competition studies, the minimal po
Radin DR; Department of Radiology, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033-1084.
Abdominal CT scans of 71 patients with AIDS who had proved disseminated infection due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (27 patients) or Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (44 patients) were reviewed retrospectively to identify radiologic features that can be used to distinguish the two infections. CT findings in patients
Calnan BJ; Biancalana S; Hudson D; Frankel AD; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge,; Massachusetts 02142.
Arginine-rich sequences are found in many RNA-binding proteins and have been proposed to mediate specific RNA recognition. Fragments of the HIV-1 Tat protein that contain the arginine-rich region of Tat bind specifically to a 3-nucleotide bulge in TAR RNA. To determine the amino acid requirements for specific RNA reco
Public Health Rep. 1991 Jan-Feb;106(1):6-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142362
Harmon RG; Carlson RH; Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Public; Health Service, Rockville, MD 20857.
The principal responsibility of the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) is to see to it that primary health care services and qualified health personnel and facilities are available to all Americans, particularly the disadvantaged and the underserved. HRSA s resources are directed toward not only the m
Public Health Rep. 1991 Jan-Feb;106(1):78-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142365
Schrager L; Friedland G; Feiner C; Kahl P; Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467.
Intravenous (i.v.) drug users are a key factor in the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, yet epidemiologic information about this population, especially those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is scarce. The demographic characteristics, drug use behavior, and sexual practices of i.v.
Busch MP; el Amad Z; McHugh TM; Chien D; Polito AJ; Irwin Memorial Blood Center, University of California, San; Francisco.
The recombinant DNA-derived, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen-based immunoblot assay (RIBA-HIV216) is a new supplemental (confirmatory) test developed to detect antibodies to HIV-1. The assay employs four recombinant viral antigens, corresponding to HIV-1 p24, p31, p41 and gp120 proteins, in an immunoblot fo
Strom T; Schneck SA; Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Health Sciences; Center, Denver 80262.
A 28-year-old nonimmunocompromised man developed secondary syphilis confirmed by serum and CSF findings. His course was complicated by chorioretinitis, extensive skin lesions, and spastic paraparesis secondary to syphilitic meningomyelitis. MRI of the spinal cord was strikingly abnormal.
PAS genes are required for peroxisome biogenesis in the yeast S. cerevisiae. Here we describe the cloning, sequencing, and characterization of the PAS1 gene. Its gene product, Pas1p, has been identified as a rather hydrophilic 117 kd polypeptide. The predicted Pas1p sequence contains two putative ATP-binding sites and
Schaart FM; Bratzke B; Ruszczak Z; Stadler R; Ehlers G; Orfanos CE; Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Steglitz,; Free University of Berlin, Germany.
Five young male patients with HIV-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) were treated with recombinant interferon alpha 2a (rIFN-alpha-2a) over a period of 2-2.5 years. An IFN dose of 18 x 10(6) IU was given subcutaneously every day during the first 3 months of treatment and then on alternate days. Additional treatment with
De Paoli P; Gennari D; Martelli P; Basaglia G; Crovatto M; Battistin S; Santini G; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, General Hospital,; Pordenone, Italy.
The gamma delta T cell receptor (TcR) lymphocytes constitute 3-10% of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Only a very small fraction of these cells is recognized by the delta TCS1 monoclonal antibody, directed against the V delta 1 chain of the receptor. We describe the immunological, virological and clinical data of
Ditrich O; Palkovic L; Sterba J; Prokopic J; Loudova J; Giboda M; Institute of Parasitology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences,; Ceske Budejovice.
Oocysts of cryptosporidia whose morphology and measurements corresponded with those of the species Cryptosporidium baileyi were found in the stool of an immunodeficient patient. In autopsy material, cryptosporidia were found in the esophagus, whole intestine, trachea, larynx, lungs, and gall and urinary bladders. None
Hakas JF Jr; Generalovich T; Department of Medicine, Mercy Hospital of Pittsburgh.
Cardiac involvement is common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and, when symptomatic, it portends a poor prognosis. We present a case of marked spontaneous regression of cardiomyopathy in a patient with AIDS. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of spontaneous recovery of ven
Hadler SC; Judson FN; O'Malley PM; Altman NL; Penley K; Buchbinder S; Schable CA; Coleman PJ; Ostrow DN; Francis DP; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
To investigate the effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection on subsequent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, HIV antibody was sought in homosexual men who developed HBV infection during a hepatitis B vaccine trial. Among 134 unvaccinated HIV-1-negative men, 7% became HBV carriers, 64% had viremi
Garrett ED; Tiley LS; Cullen BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710.
The proteins encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be divided into two temporally regulated classes. Early gene products are encoded by multiply spliced mRNA species and are expressed constitutively. In contrast, late proteins are encoded by a class of unspliced or singly spliced viral transcripts
Fresco LD; Harper DS; Keene JD; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University; Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Recombinant A protein could be reconstituted into U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) upon addition to HeLa cell extracts as determined by coimmunoprecipitation and particle density; however, direct binding to U2 RNA could not be demonstrated except in the presence of the U2 snRNP B protein. Mutatio
Chatis PA; Crumpacker CS; Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Hospital, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
The isolation and description of acyclovir-resistant (ACVR) herpes simplex-2 viruses from patients with AIDS has recently been reported. These ACVR viruses were all markedly decreased in their thymidine kinase (TK) activity, and 6 of 10 of these TK viruses were able to establish latency. In addition, one of these isol
Siminski J; Kidd P; Phillips GD; Collins C; Raghu G; Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center,; Seattle 98195.
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) usually occurs in patients with hematologic malignancies and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Patients with solid tumors represent a very small fraction of the reported cases of PCP. Over an 18-month period, PCP was diagnosed in three patients who had received radiation and chemo
Gruters RA; Otto SA; Al BJ; Verhoeven AJ; Verweij CL; Van Lier RA; Miedema F; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdem.
The expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) is enhanced after T cell activation due to the interaction of cell-encoded nuclear factors with binding sites in the viral long terminal repeats (LTR). We studied the minimal signal transduction requirements for induction of HIV transcription during T cell ac
Nature. 1991 Feb 7;349(6309):533-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91125483
Lusso P; De Maria A; Malnati M; Lori F; DeRocco SE; Baseler M; Gallo RC; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
During intrathymic T-cell ontogenesis, functionally competent CD3+CD4+CD8- and CD3+CD4-CD8+ T lymphocytes develop from immature CD4-CD8- thymocytes after transiently acquiring a double-positive CD4+CD8+ phenotype. The partition between CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+ T cells is generally considered to be irreversible, although
Willems L; Kettmann R; Burny A; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agronomy,; Gembloux-Belgium.
The specific DNA-binding Gal4 amino-terminal portion (amino acids 1 to 147) was fused to protein segments of BLV transactivator p34tax and tested for its capacity to activate CAT-gene expression in mammalian cells. The p34tax peptide segment 157 to 197 encompasses an activating region. The segment is approximately loc
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 1;88(3):877-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126097
Poon B; Dixon D; Ellis L; Roth RA; Rutter WJ; Wang LH; Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New; York, NY 10029.
A previous study showed that the human insulin receptor (IR) could be activated by insertion of a 3 portion of the cDNA encoding the beta subunit into a retrovirus genome to form a Gag-IR fusion protein. While capable of transforming cells in culture, this IR cDNA-containing virus, called UIR, was not able to induce
Fox GM; Crouse CA; Chuang EL; Pflugfelder SC; Cleary TJ; Nelson SJ; Atherton SS; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute,; University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33136.
Members of the herpesvirus family, cytomegalovirus ( CMV ), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV), have been recognized as causal agents of chorioretinal inflammatory diseases. We investigated the use of the
Berger TG; Sawchuk WS; Leonardi C; Langenberg A; Tappero J; Leboit PE; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0506.
Three males infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were noted to have extensive flat warts of the face and/or body. In two there were also pityriasis versicolor-like lesions. Biopsies showed foamy, basophilic, distended cytoplasm in granular layer keratinocytes, characteristic of the human papillomavirus
Blood. 1991 Feb 15;77(4):799-808. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91129334
Su IJ; Hsieh HC; Lin KH; Uen WC; Kao CL; Chen CJ; Cheng AL; Kadin ME; Chen JY; Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital,; Taipei, Republic of China.
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been shown to be associated with posttransplant lymphoma, Hodgkin s disease, and T-cell lymphoma, in addition to African Burkitt s lymphoma. In a retrospective study of 56 consecutive cases of T-cell lymphoma, EBV DNA was found by Southern blot and in situ DNA hybridization in 10 (20%)
J Immunol. 1991 Mar 1;146(5):1455-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91132007
Abrams JT; Lessin SR; Ghosh SK; Nowell PC; Ju W; Vonderheid EC; Rook AH; DeFreitas E; Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4268.
The establishment of an in vitro model for cutaneous T cell lymphomas and Sezary syndrome has been difficult since T cells from individuals with these diseases do not proliferate in response to T cell mitogens. We found that conditioned media, collected from mitogen-activated PBMC from Sezary patients, contain an
Ilyinskii P; Daniel M; Lerche N; Desrosiers R; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772.
Sera from 154 African non-human primates were screened for the presence of antibodies to type D retrovirus proteins. Four of five talapoin monkeys (Miopithecus sp.) captured in western Africa were positive for antibodies to type D retrovirus by ELISA and by immunoblot reactivity. Talapoins are the only African non-hum
Schulten EA; Snijders PJ; ten Kate RW; Mullink H; Walboomers JM; Meijer CJ; Van der Waal I; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology,; Free University Hospital, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam; (ACTA).
Twenty-nine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with white, nonremovable lesions on the lateral border of the tongue, clinically suggestive of oral hairy leukoplakia (HL), were studied. In particular, the value of local antifungal therapy in establishing the diagnosis of HL was investigated. In 15 pat
Blood. 1991 Mar 1;77(5):1092-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91137807
Neri A; Barriga F; Inghirami G; Knowles DM; Neequaye J; Magrath IT; Dalla-Favera R; Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and Surgeons,; Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with distinct forms of human lymphoid malignancies, including the endemic (eBL) and sporadic forms of Burkitt s lymphoma (sBL) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL). However, whether EBV has a pathogenetic role in these tumors or is
Nathan PE; Arsura EL; Zappi M; Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, New York.
A 35-year-old male homosexual with AIDS presented with headache and fever and was found to have cryptococcal meningitis. During the patient s hospital course, his hemodynamic status deteriorated as a result of pericardial tamponade. Antemortem analysis of the fluid was unrevealing; however, postmortem examination of t
Holter W; Rabson AB; Corsico CD; Howard BH; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Experimental gene transfer and viral infections can result in the accumulation of unintegrated DNA in target cells. The effects of such accumulation on target cell metabolism have not been directly studied. The experiments reported in this paper show that transfection of cloned retroviral long-terminal-repeat (LTR) DN
Greenberger PA; Walker CL; Fitzsimons TE; Roberts M; Section of Allergy-Immunology, Northwestern University Medical; School, Chicago, IL 60611.
Transient but profound hypogammaglobulinemia occurred during cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) pneumonia in a patient who developed striking declines in number of T lymphocytes. A 66-year-old, female, human immunodeficiency virus-negativ
Stephens EB; Monck E; Reppas K; Butfiloski EJ; Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary; Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0633.
The processing and transport of the envelope glycoprotein complex of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in the persistently infected Crandell feline kidney (CRFK) cell line were investigated. Pulse-chase analyses revealed that the glycoprotein is synthesized as a precursor with an Mr of 145,000 (gp145) and is quickly
Tsujimoto A; Nyunoya H; Morita T; Sato T; Shimotohno K; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo, Japan.
One of the gene products of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), p40tax, activates its own viral transcription in trans through tax-responsive enhancers in viral long terminal repeats. Five species of cDNA clones for proteins that bind to the tax-responsive enhancer element in HTLV-I were isolated from the Jur
Miyazawa T; Fukasawa M; Hasegawa A; Maki N; Ikuta K; Takahashi E; Hayami M; Mikami T; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture,; University of Tokyo, Japan.
The Japanese isolate (TM1 strain) of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) which replicates in a feline CD4 (fCD4)-positive lymphoblastoid cell line (MYA-1 cells) was molecularly cloned from extrachromosomal closed circular DNA. The restriction map of the clone, termed pFTM 191 complete genome (CG), showed a considerabl
August EM; Birks EM; Prusoff WH; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine,; New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
3 -Deoxythymidin-2 -ene ( d4T ) is a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus replication in a variety of human cell types and is currently undergoing phase I clinical trials for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1339-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142168
Bushman FD; Craigie R; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institutes of Diabetes,; Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Growth of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after infection requires the integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome into a chromosome of the host. Here we present a simple in vitro system that carries out the integration reaction and the use of this system to probe the mechanism of integration. The only HIV pr
Horowitz B; Williams B; Rywkin S; Prince AM; Pascual D; Geacintov N; Valinsky J; New York Blood Center, New York University.
The inactivation of viruses added to whole blood and a red cell concentrate with aluminum phthalocyanine and its sulfonated derivatives was studied. A cell-free form of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), used as a model, was completely inactivated (greater than 10(4) infectious units; TCID50) on treatment of whole bloo
Jacobson DL; McCutchan JA; Spechko PL; Abramson I; Smith RS; Bartok A; Boss GR; Durand D; Bozzette SA; Spector SA; et al; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego; 92103.
To examine whether polyclonal activation of B lymphocytes as measured by hypergammaglobulinemia contributes to lymphadenopathy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, correlates of adenopathy were examined in 240 homosexual men. Lymph node size was measured in 12 sites semiannually over 4 years. Both adenopat
Wilks D; Walker LC; Habeshaw JA; Webster AD; Dalgleish AG; Division of Immunology, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, United; Kingdom.
Anti-idiotypic antibodies to anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been reported to bind to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein gp120. To establish whether HIV-infected patients can mount an anti-idiotypic response to murine MAb, four individuals with symptoms of AIDS-related complex (ARC
Pantaleo G; Butini L; Graziosi C; Poli G; Schnittman SM; Greenhouse JJ; Gallin JI; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
In the present study, we demonstrated that expression of the LFA-1 molecule is necessary for cell fusion and syncytia formation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected CD4+ T lymphocytes. In contrast, the lack of expression of LFA-1 does not influence significantly cell-to-cell transmission of HIV. In fact, LFA
Lancet. 1991 Feb 2;337(8736):253-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91109440
600 children born to HIV-infected mothers by June 15, 1990, in ten European centres were followed to study the natural history of HIV infection and the vertical transmission rate. They were seen at birth, every 3 months up to 18 months of age, and every 6 months thereafter. At last follow-up, 64 children were judged t
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991 Feb;48(2):111-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91112975
Rabkin JG; Williams JB; Remien RH; Goetz R; Kertzner R; Gorman JM; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State; Psychiatric Institute, New York.
We evaluated the extent to which depressive disorders, psychiatric distress, and psychosocial stressors are related to three measures of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) illness, both cross-sectionally and during a 6-month period, in a community sample of 124 HIV-positive homosexual men. The dependent variables are
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991 Feb;48(2):120-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91112976
Gorman JM; Kertzner R; Todak G; Goetz RR; Williams JB; Rabkin J; Meyer-Bahlburg HF; Mayeux R; Stern Y; Lange M; et al; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State; Psychiatric Institute, NY.
Although much is known about the virus believed by most experts to be the cause of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and about its pathogenic actions, major areas of ignorance remain. Among these are the reasons for the varying time between infection with human immunodeficiency virus and development of acquired i
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991 Feb;48(2):124-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91112977
Williams JB; Rabkin JG; Remien RH; Gorman JM; Ehrhardt AA; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons,; Columbia University, New York, NY.
Despite numerous reports of the psychiatric consequences of human immunodeficiency virus infection, few reports describe systematic diagnostic assessments of people with human immunodeficiency virus infection. We studied the results of standardized clinical assessments of current and lifetime psychopathology in a larg
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991 Feb;48(2):131-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91112978
Stern Y; Marder K; Bell K; Chen J; Dooneief G; Goldstein S; Mindry D; Richards M; Sano M; Williams J; et al; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State; Psychiatric Institute, NY.
We explored the possibility that neurologic and neuropsychological changes constitute the earliest detectable manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Without knowledge of HIV status, we assessed neurologic signs and symptoms and administered a battery of neuropsychological tests to 208 homosexu
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991 Feb;48(2):139-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91112979
Lunn S; Skydsbjerg M; Schulsinger H; Parnas J; Pedersen C; Mathiesen L; Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Copenhagen,; Denmark.
The neuropsychologic sequelae of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and human immunodeficiency virus were studied by comparing the results of a neuropsychologic test battery administered to the following three groups of Danish homosexual men: 20 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 20 asymptomatic subject
Lancet. 1991 Feb 9;337(8737):327-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91116965
Wiktor SZ; Jacobson S; Weiss SH; Shaw GM; Reuben JS; Shorty VJ; McFarlin DE; Blattner WA; Viral Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
We measured lymphocyte proliferation in the absence of antigenic stimulation in 45 HTLV-II infected, 9 HTLV-I infected, and 19 HTLV-I seronegative intravenous drug users (IVDU). Lymphocyte proliferation was higher in IVDUs infected with HTLV-II than in seronegative IVDUs but lower than among those infected with HTLV-I
Rosenthal D; LeBoit PE; Klumpp L; Berger TG; Department of Dermatology, University of California School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0506.
We studied 13 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and a chronic pruritic folliculitis that was unresponsive to systemic treatment with bactericidal anti-staphylococcal antibiotics. The skin eruption was characterized by multiple urticarial follicular papules scattered on the trunk (100%), the he
Pulliam L; Herndier BG; Tang NM; McGrath MS; Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco Veterans; Administration Medical Center, California 94121.
We wanted to establish an in vitro human model for AIDS-associated dementia and pursue the hypothesis that this disease process may be a result of soluble factors produced by HIV-infected macrophages. Human brain aggregates were prepared from nine different brain specimens, and wer
J Immunol. 1991 Feb 15;146(4):1341-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91123711
Yasukawa M; Inatsuki A; Horiuchi T; Kobayashi Y; First Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of; Medicine, Shigenobu, Japan.
One hundred thirteen HSV-specific CD4+ T cell clones were established from the PBL of a healthy person and their functional heterogeneity was investigated. All clones proliferated in response to stimulation with HSV in the presence of autologous APC. Among those, 48 clones showed cytotoxic activity to HSV-infected aut
Barlough JE; Ackley CD; George JW; Levy N; Acevedo R; Moore PF; Rideout BA; Cooper MD; Pedersen NC; Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University; of California, Davis 95616.
Specific pathogen-free domestic cats with experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infections of short duration (less than or equal to 10 months) exhibited depressed total leukocyte and neutrophil numbers and a marginally decreased lymphocyte proliferative response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM), while ca
Graham NM; Zeger SL; Kuo V; Jacobson LP; Vermund SH; Phair JP; Detels R; Rinaldo CR; Saah AJ; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Zidovudine use data were examined in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study to determine (i) if the proportion of pre-AIDS participants (i.e., CD4+ cells less than 200/mm3 or AIDS-related complex) taking zidovudine is high enough to explain a slower than expected rise in AIDS incidence in U.S. homosexual men since mid-1987
Lancet. 1991 Feb 16;337(8738):389-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124917
Phillips AN; Lee CA; Elford J; Janossy G; Timms A; Bofill M; Kernoff PB; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Royal Free Hospital; and School of Medicine, London, UK.
Low CD4 lymphocyte counts are associated with increased risk of progression to AIDS in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We investigated the extent to which the timing of progression to AIDS can be explained solely in terms of decline of the CD4 lymphocyte count in 111 haemophiliacs followed for up to 11 y
Lancet. 1991 Feb 23;337(8739):468-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124975
Ruskin J; LaRiviere M; Department of Internal Medicine, Kaiser Permanente Medical; Center, Los Angeles, CA 90027.
The efficacy and tolerability of low, intermittent doses of co-trimoxazole (160 mg trimethoprim and 800 mg sulfamethoxazole given Monday, Wednesday, Friday) for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was assessed retrospectively in 116 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and A
Berger JR; Raffanti S; Svenningsson A; McCarthy M; Snodgrass S; Resnick L; Department of Neurology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33136.
We performed a serologic survey for antibodies to HTLV-I/II in the course of a longitudinal study of the neurologic complications of HIV-1 infection. Nine (3.7%) of 242 HIV-1 seropositive subjects and none of 60 HIV-1 seronegative control subjects had antibodies to HTLV-I/II by ELISA. Western blot and polymerase chain
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1991 Jan 19;121(3):57-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126454
Fuchs M; Stadler BM; Malinverni R; de Weck AL; Pichler WJ; Institut fur klinische Immunologie und Medizinische Poliklinik,; Inselspital Bern.
HIV predominantly infects the CD4+ T cells, which during the progression of the disease are eliminated, causing an immune deficiency which renders the patients more susceptible to infections. To evaluate the relevance of the CD4+ T cell elimination and thus the clinical usefulness of CD4/CD8 subset determinations in H
McEntee MF; Sharma DP; Zink MC; Adams RJ; Flexner C; Clements JE; Narayan O; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of; Comparative Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Inoculation of simian immunodeficiency virus into cultures of primary rhesus monkey macrophages or CD4-bearing transformed T lymphocytes resulted in persistent infection, with minimal virus replication in the macrophages and extensive replication in the lymphocytes. However, uninfected T cells added to infected macrop
Blood. 1991 Mar 1;77(5):1057-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91137802
Ladanyi M; Offit K; Jhanwar SC; Filippa DA; Chaganti RS; Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New; York, NY.
The configuration of the MYC gene in diffuse large cell lymphomas (DLCL) with translocations involving band 8q24 [t(8q24)] has not been systematically studied. We collected cytogenetic and clinical data on 171 consecutive cases of DLCL, including cleaved, noncleaved, and immunoblastic types, of which 96 had DNA availa
Blood. 1991 Mar 1;77(5):1118-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91137812
Allain JP; Laurian Y; Einstein MH; Braun BP; Delaney SR; Stephens JE; Daluga CK; Dahlen SJ; Knigge KM; Abbot Laboratories, Diagnostic Division, Abbott Park, IL 60064.
Levels of antibodies to six major structural proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (gp120, gp41, p66, p31, p24, and p17) were assessed in serial samples from 22 persons with severe hemophilia (16 asymptomatic and 6 who developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS] or AIDS-related complex) with an autom
BMJ. 1991 Jan 12;302(6768):73-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91137905
Jacobson MA; Bacchetti P; Kolokathis A; Chaisson RE; Szabo S; Polsky B; Valainis GT; Mildvan D; Abrams D; Wilber J; et al; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
OBJECTIVE--To determine whether early effects of zidovudine treatment on CD4+ lymphocyte count and concentrations of beta 2 microglobulin, neopterin, or HIV p24 antigen or antibody are correlated with survival in patients with AIDS or AIDS related complex. DESIGN--Retrospective study of changes in laboratory markers a
Fultz PN; Siegel RL; Brodie A; Mawle AC; Stricker RB; Swenson RB; Anderson DC; McClure HM; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University,; Atlanta, Georgia.
The immunologic and virologic status of a chimpanzee inoculated with multiple isolates of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were assessed over 57 months to determine whether prolonged thrombocytopenia and CD4+ lymphocytopenia observed in the animal might be associated with long-term HIV infection. Althou
Public Health Rep. 1991 Jan-Feb;106(1):27-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142355
A coordinated national effort to control the HIV epidemic based on an early intervention model must be initiated. This national strategy will provide for an effective distribution, application, and utilization of limited Federal, State, and local resources.
Am J Med. 1991 Feb;90(2):163-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91143734
Klimas NG; Blaney NT; Morgan RO; Chitwood D; Milles K; Lee H; Fletcher MA; Center for the Biopsychosocial Study of AIDS, Miami, Florida.
PURPOSE: The study objective was to evaluate the effects of long-term methadone use and human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) types I and II seropositivity on the distribution of lymphocyte subsets and on lymphocyte function as measured in vitro in intravenous drug users seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus type
The mode of action of the RNase H activity from HIV-1 was analyzed with a purified recombinant p66/p51 reverse transcriptase RT/RNase H protein and RNA-DNA hybrid consisting of RNA harboring the polypurine tract (ppt) and three complementary synthetic DNA oligonucleotides. Upon incubation of this preformed RNA-DNA hyb
Biochemistry. 1991 Jan 15;30(2):547-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91105138
Hentosh P; McCastlain JC; Blakley RL; Department of Biochemical and Clinical Pharmacology, St. Jude; Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38101.
2-Chloro-2 -deoxyadenosine 5 -triphosphate (CldATP) was compared with dATP as a substrate for DNA synthesis by bacterial and viral DNA polymerases in vitro. Lengths of chain extension and DNA synthesis pause sites were determined by comparison with products generated by dideoxynucleotide sequencing methods on the same
Lim SG; Lee CA; Kernoff PB; Haemophilia Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London.
HIV associated thrombocytopenia occurs in 5-10% of asymptomatic individuals, and 25-45% of people with AIDS. A variety of treatments are available but the inherited bleeding disorder in addition to the thrombocytopenia makes management in haemophiliacs a special problem. The management of this double coagulopathy is d
Blomberg J; Klasse PJ; Pehrson C; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Lund, Sweden.
IgG antibodies reactive with simian immunodeficiency virus isolated from a rhesus monkey suffering from simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SIVmac, strain 239, a virus which is very closely related to human immunodeficiency virus type 2-HIV-2) were found in 18 of 120 Swedish and 8 of 11 east African confirmed H
Parker WB; White EL; Shaddix SC; Ross LJ; Buckheit RW Jr; Germany JM; Secrist JA 3d; Vince R; Shannon WM; Kettering-Meyer Laboratory, Southern Research Institute,; Birmingham, Alabama 35205.
Carbovir (the carbocyclic analog of 2 -3 -didehydro-2 ,3 -dideoxyguanosine) is a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Assays were developed to assess the mechanism of inhibition by the 5 -triphosphate of carbovir of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase using either RNA or DNA templates t
Pellegrino MG; Li G; Potash MJ; Volsky DJ; Molecular Virology Laboratory, St. Lukes/Roosevelt Hospital; Center, New York, New York.
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro has been analyzed by the kinetics of expression of HIV-1 RNA and antigens during treatment with antiviral agents. Intracellular HIV-1 RNA rose from input values of 15 molecules per cell to 28 molecules per cell within 3 h after infection and reached a peak of 1
Filion LG; Izaguirre CA; Garber GE; Huebsh L; Aye MT; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
CD4 on blood monocytes is generally regarded as being found on a subset of blood monocytes. However, our results show that all monocytes are CD4+ but the number of molecules per cell is lower than T cells. We have performed immunofluorescent (flow cytometry, microscopy) analysis of monocytes from normal donors and HIV
Davis D; Stephens DM; Willers C; Lachmann PJ; Molecular Immunopathology Unit, MRC Centre, Cambridge, U.K.
Antibodies raised to an overlapping series of peptides following the amino acid sequence of the external envelope glycoprotein (gp 120) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recognize eight regions in recombinant gp 120 molecules. If the recombinant molecules are glycosylated, three of these regions show a re
Many crystal forms of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase have been obtained by vapour diffusion, microbatch and microdialysis methods. Despite their apparent morphological perfection, no X-ray diffraction has been discernible in most cases with these crystals.
Tatsumi M; Devaux C; Kourilsky F; Chermann JC; Unite INSERM de Recherches sur les Retrovirus et Maladies; Associees (U.322), Campus Universitaire de Luminy, Marseille,; France.
Two mouse hybridoma cell lines secreting antibodies to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) p25 major core protein and its precursors p55 and p41, were developed after immunization with the highly cytopathic Zairian HIV-1 isolate, NDK. These monoclonal antibodies also react with the gag gene products from HIV-1-BRU
Science. 1990 Dec 14;250(4987):1590-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91111089
Javaherian K; Langlois AJ; LaRosa GJ; Profy AT; Bolognesi DP; Herlihy WC; Putney SD; Matthews TJ; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC; 27710.
The principal neutralizing determinant (PND) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 resides within the V3 loop of the envelope protein. Antibodies elicited by peptides of this region were able to neutralize diverse isolates. Serum from one of three animals immunized with the human T cell lymphoma virus (HTLV)-IIIMN P
Schmidtmayerova H; Chermann JC; Rey F; Barre-Sinoussi F; Mayer V; Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava.
The in vitro effect of partially purified lysed leukocyte ultrafiltrate (LLU) on LAV 1 strain of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was investigated. Decrease of virus production as a function of LLU concentration was observed while the phenotype of cultured lymphocytes has remained unchanged. We observed the same
Tsai CC; Follis KE; Yarnall M; Deaver LE; Benveniste RE; Sager PR; Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington,; Seattle.
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), which causes an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in macaques, is a lentivirus that is morphologically, antigenically, genetically, and biologically similar to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Because of these similarities, the SIV model represents a unique opportunity for
Cancer Surv. 1990;9(1):115-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91114018
Scarffe JH; Kamthan A; Cancer Research Campaign Department of Medical Oncology, Christie; Hospital, Withington, Manchester.
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) can safely stimulate the production of neutrophils in normal and neutropenic patients. Phase II studies have shown potential benefit when G-CSF is given after chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation and in dose intensification studies. Studies in myelodysplasia, chron
Specific antivirals like acyclovir have ameliorated the outcome of severe herpesvirus infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Varicella can be prevented in high-risk patients after exposure by therapy with varicella-zoster immunoglobulin. Despite this favorable dev
Brodeur BR; Faucher S; O'Shaughnessy MV; Hamel J; National Laboratory for Immunology, Laboratory Centre for Disease; Control, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) gp41-1 (IgG2a) and gp41-2 (IgG1), directed against the envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), were produced and characterized. These MAbs recognized both gp160 and gp41 and reacted with divergent HIV-1 isolates. Surface binding assays using viable HIV-
Tisdale M; Schulze T; Larder BA; Moelling K; Molecular Sciences Department, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Beckenham, Kent, U.K.
The C-terminal region of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) contains the domain responsible for RNase H activity. To determine the importance of this RNase H domain, specific changes in the C-terminal region of a recombinant RT expressed in Escherichia coli were introduced by amino acid subs
Anal Biochem. 1990 Aug 15;189(1):80-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91119184
Krchnak V; Vagner J; Novak J; Suchankova A; Roubal J; Research Institute for Feed Supplements and Veterinary Drugs,; Jilove u Prahy, Czechoslovakia.
Multiple continuous-flow solid-phase peptide synthesis has been adapted for synthesis of peptides on a cellulose carrier (Whatman 3MM paper). Paper-bound synthetic peptides that represent antigenic determinants of particular proteins detected antibodies against the respective proteins in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent
All German Red Cross Blood Banks in the FRG cooperate in a study on prevalence and epidemiology of HIV-antibodies in blood donors. The prevalences of 1 to 2 Western blot positive donors per 100,000 donors/donations quarterly since 1987 are constantly low. The measures undertaken to defer persons at risk seem to be eff
Grunenberg R; Kruger J; Institut fur Transfusionsmedizin, Universitat zu Koln.
On 7/1/85 the screening of HIV-1-antibody as marker of HIV infectivity of blood has been introduced in our institute. Since then 76,244 donations have been screened. 15 of long-term donors proved to be seropositive. All their blood preparations before seropositivity were traced back for at least 2 years. The look back
Peichl-Hoffmann G; Blutspendezentrale Baden-Baden des DRK-Blutspendedienstes; Baden-Wurttemberg.
Repeatedly reactive results (also with reproducibility from donation to donation) are found in normal blood donor screening. They are obviously not HIV-1- (and/or HIV-2) specific. In some cases it cannot be clarified if we have to face a seroconversion. The cause of some antibodies (e.g. isolated p17 and/or p24 and/or
Sibrowski W; Kuhnl P; Abt. f. Transfusionsmedizin u. Transplantationsimmunologie,; Universitats-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg.
A major risk of plasma component therapy was the transmission of infectious diseases. Heat inactivation, TNBP/detergent- or beta-propiolactone/UV-treatment were introduced to reduce the risk of virus transmission, most notably those that cause hepatitis or AIDS. Therefore we discuss topical problems of virus inactivat
In order to lessen the fear of transfusion-transmitted AIDS, formalized autologous and directed donation programs have been established. The advantages of directed donations, however, have been questioned. A comparison of the qualification of first time homologous and directed donations showed in our groups significan
Kuhnl P; Roggendorf M; Stangel W; Seidl S; Laufs R; Sibrowski W; Bornhovd K; Polywka S; Kalmar G; Deinhardt F; et al; Abt. f. Transfusionsmedizin u. Transplantationsimmunologie,; Univ.-Klinik Hamburg.
In a multi-center study sera from NANB-hepatitis (NANBH) patients and members of so-called HIV-risk groups (homosexuals, i.v.-drug abusers, hemophiliacs) were investigated by the recombinant-based HCV-antibody EIA, 74.4% of chronic NANBH-patients and 20% of acute NANBH patients were anti-HCV reactive, 33.3% of HIV-1-p
Pastucha L; Andres J; Stangel W; Blutbank-Immunhamatologie-Transfusionsmedizin, Medizinische; Hochschule Hannover.
A confidential self-exclusion (self-exclusion means that the donor doesn t want his blood to be used for transfusion purposes) questionnaire was given during 12 months to 19,108 periodical blood donors in the College of Medicine in Hannover. 237 donors stated that their blood was not to be used for transfusion purpose
Between March 30 and July 31, 1989, 117,874 blood donations were tested for anti-HIV-1 and in a combined ELISA for anti-HIV-1/HIV-2 (both Abbott). On each repeat reactive (14 = 0.01% for anti-HIV-1 and 400 = 0.34% for anti-HIV-1/HIV-2), a Western blot (WB) was performed. Two donors, who tested repeatedly reactive in b
Cancer. 1991 Mar 1;67(5):1338-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91121431
Ree HJ; Teplitz C; Khan A; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY; 10003.
Using a monoclonal antibody specific to the Lewis X antigen (anti-Lex), the authors studied 103 cases of Hodgkin s disease (HD) in comparison with 57 cases of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL); three cases of granulocytic sarcoma (GS); two cases of malignant histiocytosis (MH); one case
Norrby E; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institutet, School of; Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
In this brief review, the use of synthetic peptides representing linear antigenic sites in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) structural proteins for detection of antibodies in sera from HIV-infected individuals is discussed. It has been demonstrated that peptide antigens offer unique advantages for determination of H
Goudsmit J; Meloen RH; Brasseur R; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Antibodies of individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were used to probe the antigenicity of the HIV-1 transmembrane protein of 41 kD (gp41) by antibody-reactive peptide scanning (Pepscan). Eleven distinct sequential antibody-binding sites were defined by testing reactivity to 339 ove
J Immunol. 1991 Feb 15;146(4):1155-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91123683
Jacobson S; Reuben JS; Streilein RD; Palker TJ; Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institutes of Health, National; Institute of Neurologic Disease and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Although the humoral response to human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-I) has been well characterized in patients with HTLV-I-associated neurologic disease (HAM/TSP), little is known about a functional HTLV-I-specific human T cell response, such as CTL, in these patients. To define both the phenotype of the respondi
J Med Virol. 1990 Nov;32(3):164-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124011
Gallina A; Rossi F; Mariani M; Bonelli F; Achilli G; Cattaneo E; Milanesi G; Istituto di Genetica Biochimica ed Evoluzionistica, Consiglio; Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pavia, Italy.
Antigenicity in mice of a recombinant polypeptide including the complete amino acid sequence of mature human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p24 protein was studied by induction of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). A panel of nine recloned hybridomas secreting MAbs with anti-p24 reactivity was isolated and further character
Shapshak P; Sun NC; Resnick L; Thornthwaite JT; Schiller P; Yoshioka M; Svenningsson A; Tourtellotte WW; Imagawa DT; Pearlman Research Center, Miami Beach, Florida.
A major question in the pathogenesis of AIDS encephalopathy and dementia is whether HIV-1 directly infects cells of the central nervous system (CNS). The propagation of HIV was attempted in six cell lines: three related and three unrelated to the nervous system. HIV was able to pro
Chechani V; Allam AA; Haseeb MA; Kamholz SL; Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Brooklyn.
The diagnostic yield of unilateral vs. bilateral bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was prospectively evaluated in 65 consecutive patients suspected of having Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) complicating acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Gram-Weigert (GW), Papanicolaou (PAP), and Gomori s methenamine silver (
Biglino A; Pugliese A; Forno B; Pollono AM; Busso M; Gioannini P; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Torino, Italy.
The effects of long-term zidovudine treatment on functional parameters of cell-mediated immunity were investigated in 15 symptomatic HIV-antibody-positive patients with clinical evidence of opportunistic infections. Mononuclear leukocytes were obtained before administering the drug, and after 3 and 6 months of treatme
J Med Chem. 1991 Jan;34(1):212-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124361
Mohan P; Singh R; Baba M; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy (M/C 781),; College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago 60680.
Certain naphthalenesulfonic acid analogues have been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on HIV-1- and HIV-2-induced cytopathogenicity, HIV-1 giant cell formation, and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) activity. A bis(naphthalenedisulfonic acid) derivative having a biphenyl spacer emerged as the most
J Med Chem. 1991 Jan;34(1):329-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124382
Cushman M; Wang PL; Chang SH; Wild C; De Clercq E; Schols D; Goldman ME; Bowen JA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of; Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, Purdue University, West; Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) was fractionated by a combination of dialysis, ultrafiltration, and gel permeation chromatography. The number average and weight average molecular weights of the ATA fractions were determined by the universal calibration method. The sulfonic acid analogue of ATA was prepared and separated
J Med Chem. 1991 Jan;34(1):337-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91124383
Cushman M; Kanamathareddy S; De Clercq E; Schols D; Goldman ME; Bowen JA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of; Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, Purdue University, West; Lafayette, Indiana 47097.
Several compounds corresponding to fragments of the schematic representation of the polymeric structure of aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) have been prepared and tested for prevention of the cytopathic effect of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in MT-4 cell culture and HIV-1 in CEM cell culture. Both the triphenylcarbinol 3 as well as t
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 1;88(3):1014-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126046
Baillon JG; Nashed NT; Sayer JM; Jerina DM; Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of; Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Progress of DNA- and/or RNA-directed DNA polymerization reactions can be measured continuously using circular dichroism (CD) or ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. In the presence of the Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I, a CD change of 0.27 +/- 0.06 millidegree at 248 nm and a UV change of -2.7 +/- 0.3
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 1;88(3):986-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91126119
Kalebic T; Kinter A; Poli G; Anderson ME; Meister A; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
The effects of glutathione (GSH), glutathione ester (GSE), and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on the induction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) expression were investigated in the chronically infected monocytic U1 cell line, a previously described cellular model for HIV latency. U1 cells constitutively express low lev
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Jan 31;174(2):489-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91128374
Sosa MA; Fazely F; Koch JA; Vercellotti SV; Ruprecht RM; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Pharmacology,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
N-carboxymethylchitosan-N-O-sulfate (NCMCS), a sulfated polysaccharide derivative of chitin, inhibited the propagation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in human CD4+ cells and that of Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RLV) in murine fibroblasts. A dose-dependent inhibition of both viruses was observed
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Jan 31;174(2):785-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91128417
Cheng N; Painter GR; Furman PA; Division of Virology, Burroughs Wellcome Co., Research Triangle; Park, NC 27709.
Photoaffinity labeling of the hetero- and homodimeric forms of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase has been carried out using [32P]rA12-18.dT10 as a representative template-primer and [alpha-32P]dTTP as a representative 2 -deoxynucleoside-5 -triphosphate. UV irradiation produces stable, covalent crosslinks between each of the
J Immunol. 1991 Mar 1;146(5):1470-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91132009
Hammond SA; Obah E; Stanhope P; Monell CR; Strand M; Robbins FM; Bias WB; Karr RW; Koenig S; Siliciano RF; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
A human CTL epitope located in a region of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp41 that is highly conserved among various HIV-1 strains was identified. This epitope was recognized by CD4+ CTL clones that were induced in seronegative humans by immunization with recombinant gp160. Fusion proteins carrying portions of the HIV-1
J Immunol. 1991 Mar 1;146(5):1560-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91132023
Culmann B; Gomard E; Kieny MP; Guy B; Dreyfus F; Saimot AG; Sereni D; Sicard D; Levy JP; Institut Cochin de Genetique Moleculaire, Institut de la; Sante et de la Recherche Medicale 152-Centre National de la; Recherche Scientifique 628, Hopital Cochin, Paris, France.
In order to identify the target epitopes recognized by specific CTL in the NEF protein of HIV-1, 33 peptides derived from the HIV-BRU sequence were tested with NEF-specific CTL generated from HIV-seropositive donors. Six different epitopes were identified and several points were remarkable: 1) They were all located in
J Immunol. 1991 Mar 1;146(5):1667-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91132039
Hosmalin A; Nara PL; Zweig M; Lerche NW; Cease KB; Gard EA; Markham PD; Putney SD; Daniel MD; Desrosiers RC; et al; Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, National; Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD; 20892.
The induction of a memory immune response to HIV, mediated by any kind of effector mechanism, requires the induction of T cell help. In previous studies performed in different murine MHC haplotypes, three immunodominant T cell epitopes (T1, T2, and TH4.1) had been identified in the HIV envelope glycoprotein. Moreover,
Porstmann T; Schmechta H; Hentschel C; Doepel H; Pas P; Becker J; Pergande M; Jung K; Nugel E; Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School (Charite),; Humboldt University Berlin, GDR.
alpha 1-Microglobulin was purified from urine to a purity of 97.7% in a yield of 25.8%, and was used to produce antibodies in sheep. These antibodies, purified by affinity chromatography, were used to develop a rapid one-step and a two-step immunoenzymometric assay (IEMA). The equilibrium in the reaction between solid
Epstein JB; Scully C; Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia, Vancouver.
The clinical findings of patients with oral Kaposi s sarcoma are reviewed. These oral findings commonly included candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, gingivitis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), periodontitis, and other symptoms, including xerostomia. The other common symptoms of HIV disease that may be o
Rey F; Donker G; Hirsch I; Chermann JC; U322 INSERM, Campus Universitaire de Luminy, Marseille, France.
Differential susceptibility of four diverse HIV strains to inhibition of infection of CD4+ CEM cells by anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies was studied. The highly cytopathic HIV-1 246 and NDK strains were able to infect CEM cells and undergo several cycles of replication at saturating doses of LEU3-A, OKT4-A, and 13B8-2 m
Ratner L; vander Heyden N; Dedera D; Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis,; Missouri 63110.
Processing of HIV and SIV envelope oligosaccharides is critical for proper intracellular trafficking and function. An inhibitor of alpha-glucosidases I and II, N-butyl deoxynojirimycin (N-BuDNJ), retards HIV-1 and SIVmac spread in lymphocytes and monocytes by diminishing virus infectivity, and also causes a reduction
Nokta M; Pollard R; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical; Branch, Galveston 77550.
T-cells from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are characterized by a number of qualitative deficiencies including defective T-cell activation. The latter has previously been shown to be normally regulated by cAMP. In this study the patterns of cAMP and cGMP induction in MT-4 cells following HIV inf
Fredriksson R; Stalhanske P; von Gegerfelt A; Lind B; Aman P; Rassart E; Fenyo EM; Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Karolinska Institute; c/o National Bacteriological Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden.
In order to molecularly characterize rapidly and slowly replicating HIV-1 variants, molecular clones were obtained from a rapid/high virus isolate. This isolate, 4803, had only been passaged in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) prior to cloning. Molecular cloning was done in bacteriophage lambda-dash using hig
Hirota K; Hosono H; Kitade Y; Maki Y; Chu CK; Schinazi RF; Nakane H; Ono K; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical; University, Japan.
3 -Deoxy-3 -(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)thymidines (5a, 6a, 8a, 11a, and 12a) and 2 ,3 -dideoxy-3 -(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)uridines (5b, 6b, 8b, 11b, and 12b) were synthesized as cyclic analogues of 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) and 3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxyuridi
Abbotts J; Jaju M; Wilson SH; Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase has been found to conduct error-prone synthesis on DNA and RNA templates. We find here that tolerance of an A:G mispair with poly(rA) as template is particularly strong, such that extensive poly(dG) synthesis is conducted. This type of extensive misincorpora
Roilides E; Walsh TJ; Pizzo PA; Rubin M; Infectious Diseases Section, Pediatric Branch, National Cancer; Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) stimulates proliferation of myeloid cells and may be a valuable adjunct in prevention and treatment of neutropenia-associated infections. Neutrophil (PMNL) phagocytic and microbicidal functions against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans blastoconidia were therefore
Yamada M; Zurbriggen A; Oldstone MB; Fujinami RS; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093.
Monoclonal antibodies against a synthetic 12-amino-acid peptide that comprises the immunodominant domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 (amino acids 598 through 609) reacted with astrocytes found in human and rodent central nervous system tissue. The monoclonal antibodies bound to a 43-kDa protein found i
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1148-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/S74663
Hostomsky Z; Hostomska Z; Hudson GO; Moomaw EW; Nodes BR; Agouron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037.
Two constituent protein domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase were expressed separately and purified to homogeneity. The N-terminal domain (p51) behaves as a monomeric protein exhibiting salt-sensitive DNA polymerase activity. The C-terminal domain (p15) on its own has no detecta
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1451-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142190
Debyser Z; Pauwels R; Andries K; Desmyter J; Kukla M; Janssen PA; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
Screening of pharmacologically acceptable prototype compounds has recently led to the discovery of a series of ultraselective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 replication, the tetrahydroimidazo[4,5,1-jk] [1,4]-benzodiazepin-2(1H)-one and thione (TIBO) derivatives. The TIBO compounds completely suppre
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1499-503. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91142200
Balzarini J; Hao Z; Herdewijn P; Johns DG; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) is a potent and selective inhibitor of retrovirus (i.e., human immunodeficiency virus) replication in vitro and in vivo. Uptake of PMEA by human MT-4 cells and subsequent conversion to the mono- and diphosphorylated metabolites (PMEAp and PMEApp) are dose-dependent and occur
Godwin JH; Stopeck A; Chang VT; Godwin TA; Department of Medicine, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center,; New York.
In 16 cases of human immunodeficiency virus-associated Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) infection, 7 were diagnosed after finding intracytoplasmic negatively staining linear inclusions within histiocytes using Romanowsky-stained bone marrow aspirate smears. Four patients had inclusions within monocytes
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Feb 14;174(3):1272-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91144607
Kleiman L; Caudry S; Boulerice F; Wainberg MA; Parniak MA; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
During retroviral assembly, tRNAs are incorporated into the virion, one of which serves as a primer for the reverse transcription reaction. Using two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, we have studied the patterns of tRNAs incorporated into HIV-1 (3B) produced either in the lymphoid cell line H-9 or in th
(Chairman: June E. Osborn) Report to the President by the National Commission on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 1730 K St., N.W., Suite 815, Washington, D.C. 20006, (202) 254-5125, 1989 Dec 5 7 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/31836
(Chairman: June E. Osborn) Report to the President by the National Commission on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 1730 K St., N.W., Suite 815, Washington, D.C. 20006, (202) 254-5125, 1990 Apr 24 5 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/31837
New York Supplement, 2d Series. 1990 Feb 15 (date of decision);551:615-623. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/31951
Various health insurance companies brought suit against the New York Superintendent of Insurance challenging a regulation he had promulgated which barred them from requiring or considering HIV test results in determining an applicant s insurability. The state Supreme Court, Appellate Division, affirmed a lower court
Dominion Law Reports, 4th Series. 1990 Jan 25 (date of decision);66:444-469. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/32001
In June 1987, British Columbia s Minister of Health put AZT into the provincial Pharmacare Plan. AIDS patients receiving AZT were required to pay part of the drug s cost, not to exceed $2000 annually. British Columbia provides full funding for drugs
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