(Producer) Provides the health care professional with the knowledge and awareness of the AIDS virus. This program is suitable as original training or as a refresher course and provides the user with: an understanding of the widespread nature of the problem, and the professional role played; practice recognizing the
[New York, N.Y.] : Group W Television ; Princeton, NJ : Films for the Humanities, c1988 1 videocassette (56 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9100074A
Dreyfus R
(Producer) They leave food outside my door because they are afraid, says a patient. The hospital is under siege by a deadly epidemic. Already one-third of the beds in the wards are filled with incurably ill patients who require five times the care of other admissions. Doctors and nurses are physically and emotional
Rockville, Md. : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food & Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, [1989] 1 guide, 52 slides, 1 videocassette, 6 handouts Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9100107A
(Producer) Designed to provide educators with information and materials to conduct a training course for personal-service workers (PSWs) concerning principles of disease transmission, the epidemiology and characteristics of infectious diseases including HIV and hepatitis B, use of universal precautions including hand
(Producer) Gives the health care team an overview of universal precautions. It covers all areas of hospital care, including ER, OR, transport, radiology, housekeeping, laboratory, and so on. The video answers such questions as: Which body fluids must we be concerned with? When should we wear gloves? What barriers a
[Princeton, N.J.] : Films for the Humanities, c1990 1 videocassette (26 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9100075A
(Producer) AIDS, like other terminal diseases, burdens the patient and his or her family with the pain and trauma of dying, as well as job discrimination, fear of contamination, and the loss of friends who are embarrassed by illness and afraid of contamination. In addition, AIDS carries a social stigma, as if the di
Health Program Washington, D.C. : Health Program, Office of Technology Assessment, U.S. Congress, [1987] 22, [5] p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9101101
for the Care of People with AIDS Kansas City, Mo. (2420 Pershing Rd., Kansas City 64108) : American Nurses' Association, c1988 iv, 40 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9100940
Lausanne : Institut universitaire de medecine sociale et preventive, [1989] 83 p (Cahiers de recherches et de documentation ; 39.4) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9101045
Lausanne : Institut universitaire de medecine sociale et preventive, [1989] 85 p. : ill (Cahiers de recherches et de documentation ; 39.5) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9101033
New York, N.Y. : New York Academy of Sciences, 1990 xv, 634 p. : ill (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, ISSN 0077-8923 ; v. 616) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9100632
Pacific AIDS Manila, Philippines : Printed and distributed by the Regional Office for the Western Pacific of the World Health Organization, [1990] 25 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9101508
Friend spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) is a replication-defective retrovirus that causes an acute erythroleukemia in susceptible mice. It has been shown that the primary translation product of the SFFV env gene (gp52) is the oncoprotein responsible for induction of the disease. Susceptibility of mice to F-SFFV is co
Interleukin-2 is a T cell derived lymphokine which plays a central role in immune responses. This dissertation examines three issues relating to in vitro regulation and function of interleukin-2 receptors on normal human T lymphocytes and cells infected by the retrovirus HTLV-I. Influence of cyclosporin-A on interleuk
Rapp F; Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University,; College of Medicine, Hershey 17033.
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first reported in the United States in mid-1981. Since that time, it has received widespread attention in the media and has produced an extremely sensitive public health situation. AIDS is a life-threatening condition that is character
Norrby E; Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Karolinska Institute,; Stockholm, Sweden.
The records of virus vaccinology are impressive. Smallpox has been subjected to global eradication and diseases like poliomyelitis and measles have been extensively reduced in many industrialized countries. The prospects for development of new vaccines are good, and new fields of knowledge have opened up as a conseque
Bernstein CA; Rabkin JG; Wolland H; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York,; NY.
This study investigated changes, over a one-year period, in medical and dental students attitudes toward various issues related to contact with AIDS patients. In 1988 and 1989, the authors surveyed second- and third-year medical and dental students at one medical school both before and after they completed a year of
Following reports of concern among health-care workers regarding the occupational risk of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a symposium was designed in 1987 to demonstrate to health-care providers at three hospitals in The Bronx, New York, the low risk of occupational HIV infection and techniques
Feldmann TB; Bell RA; Stephenson JJ; Purifoy FE; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of; Louisville School of Medicine, KY 40292.
Attitudes of faculty and students will influence the success of educational programs to address acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In 1988-89, 170 medical school faculty and 227 students completed needs assessment questionnaires at the University of Louisville, and the results were compared to assess the respo
Tesch BJ; Simpson DE; Kirby BD; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
A 12-item questionnaire was administered in late 1987-early 1988 to 445 medical students, 133 medical school applicants, and 111 nursing students to assess any differences in their attitudes toward medicine-related AIDS issues. These groups were also given a 31-item test of their knowledge of AIDS issues. Significant
Ficarrotto TJ; Grade M; Bliwise N; Irish T; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San; Francisco, School of Medicine.
Among health professionals, knowledge about the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is often limited, inaccurate, or both. Many health professionals also resist working with AIDS patients. This 1988 survey examined exaggerated risk estimates for HIV contagion in relationshi
Currey CJ; Johnson M; Ogden B; College of Health Related Professions, J. Hillis Miller Health; Center, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
This 1988-89 survey of 319 students in the medical, dental, nursing, and allied health-care professions revealed that over one-third had some reservations about treating acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Most were unwilling to perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation on patients with AIDS, and most also
The purpose of this study was to explore hospital employed health professionals attitudes to AIDS and homosexuals. Questionnaires were distributed to all health professionals in a 250-bed paediatric teaching hospital in Perth, Western Australia . The results constitute a databas
Since the Declaration of Alma-Ata in 1978, primary health care (PHC) has been acknowledged as the most effective means of achieving health for all. Promotion of the PHC model provides nurses with an excellent opportunity for professional growth and development. The PHC role of nurse practitioner is gradually emerging
Blood. 1990 Nov 15;76(10):1924-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91055087
Gibbons J; Cory JM; Hewlett IK; Epstein JS; Eyster ME; Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of; Medicine, Hershey.
We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the frequency of silent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections in seronegative high-risk individuals with hemophilia who had been exposed to contaminated blood products more than 3 years previously. In a cross-sectional study of a cohort of 57 pr
Blood. 1990 Nov 15;76(10):2159-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91055121
Rawal BD; Schwadron R; Busch MP; Endow R; Vyas GN; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
The concept of reducing cell-associated blood-borne viruses (BBVs) by filtration of the vector leukocytes from blood collected for transfusion has led to the development of high efficiency filters. Improved filtration technology demands newer methodology to accurately estimate the residual cells. We have developed an
Murata M; Mizusawa H; Kanazawa I; Yazawa T; Uchida Y; Department of Neurology, University of Tsukuba.
An autopsy case of HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) combined with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) was reported. Although HAM and ATL are reported to be caused by an identical virus, a combination of these two conditions is extremely rare. This is the first report of an autopsy of the case. A 42-year-old female born in K
Ijichi T; Maruyama I; Mori S; Nomoto M; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University.
Two cases of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) complicated with Sjogren s syndrome (SjS), T-lymphocyte alveolitis and arthropathy were reported. Case 1 was a 55-year-old woman. Since 40 years of age she had been suffering from repetitive pulmonary infection. She also noted polyarthralgia since 42 years of her age and
Snyder S; Strain JJ; Fulop G; Division of Behavioral Medicine and Consultation Psychiatry,; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029.
Mental symptoms are common in patients with AIDS. Optimal management involves the identification and treatment of underlying mental disorders rather than symptomatic treatment alone. Organic mental disorders are very frequent in AIDS, particularly with seriously ill patients who are medical inpatients. There is a high
Wexner SD; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Fort; Lauderdale.
During the past two decades, an explosive growth in both the prevalence and types of sexually transmitted diseases has occurred. Up to 55 percent of homosexual men with anorectal complaints have gonorrhea; 80 percent of the patients with syphilis are homosexuals. Chlamydia is found in 15 percent of asymptomatic homose
Int J Dermatol. 1990 Oct;29(8):575-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91055867
Tosca A; Stavropoulos PG; Hatziolou E; Arvanitis A; Stavrianeas N; Hatzivassiliou M; Stratigos JD; Department of Dermatology, University of Crete, Greece.
Sastry KJ; Reddy HR; Pandita R; Totpal K; Aggarwal BB; Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, M.D.; Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
The tat protein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activates viral gene expression and is essential for HIV replication in vitro. It has also been shown that the tat gene product specifically inhibits antigen-induced proliferation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. In order to understand the growth a
Xu YL; Adya N; Siores E; Gao QS; Giam CZ; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Medical; Center, College of Medicine, Omaha 68198-4525.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) encodes a 40-kDa nuclear protein, Tax, which stimulates transcription from three 21-base pair (bp) repeats in its U3 region. Tax trans-activation is mediated via cellular factors that interact with the TGACGT motifs in the 21-bp repeats. Gel mobility shift assay and UV cross
Tsubota H; Winkler G; Meade HM; Jakubowski A; Thomas DW; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772.
The CD4 molecule is a high affinity receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein (gp160 or gp120). This glycoprotein is expressed on the surface membrane of cells infected with HIV. It has, therefore, been suggested that a soluble form of CD4 might be used as a targeting agent to deliver t
Bremermann HJ; Anderson RW; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of; California, Berkeley 94720.
HIV kills activated infected CD4+ T cells after a burst of replication and the release of large numbers of virions. From a review of the literature on HIV regulatory genes and from preliminary mathematical models of HIV dynamics at four levels (host population epidemiology, the immune system, gene regulation within in
Bremermann HJ; Anderson RW; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of; California, Berkeley 94720.
This is the second in a series of papers modeling human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections at four levels: transmission, interaction with the immune system, gene regulation, and selection of mutants. In the previous paper (1) we described and presented a theory of the HIV cytopathic effect based upon the models (
Zazopoulos E; Sodroski JG; Haseltine WA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115.
Virion protein expression of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is regulated by p27rex. This protein is expressed by a doubly spliced mRNA encoding an additional protein, p21rex. p27rex has been shown to increase the amount of unspliced viral mRNAs encoding envelope and capsid proteins. To assess a possib
Burke DS; Fowler AK; Redfield RR; Dilworth S; Oster CN; Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850.
Results of HIV-1 blood cultures from 609 seropositive adults across all stages of illness at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center were reviewed. HIV-1 was isolated by coculturing of patient peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBMCs) with normal blood donor target PBMCs that had been stimulated with phytohemaggluti
Brundage JF; Burke DS; Gardner LI; McNeil JG; Goldenbaum M; Visintine R; Redfield RR; Peterson M; Miller RN; Division of Preventive Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, D.C. 20307-5100.
Because the period from infection to clinically apparent disease is long, variable, and changing as new therapies are developed and applied, AIDS data are inadequate for tracking current values of critical parameters of HIV infection epidemics: prevalence of infection, rate of acquisition of new infections (incidence
Stall R; Ekstrand M; Pollack L; McKusick L; Coates TJ; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0886.
Prevention campaigns to reduce sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) typically emphasize the initial adoption of safer sex techniques. We present data from a 5-year prospective study to show that the vast majority of resident gay men in San Francisco have made these initial risk reductions. Rather,
Georgoulias V; Agelakis A; Fountouli P; Darivianakis K; Bibakis K; Nikoloudis E; Ammar A; Bertoli AM; Malliarakis-Pinetidou E; AIDS Reference Center of Crete, Venizelion Hospital, Greece.
The seroprevalence of HIV-2 was evaluated in 20,407 consecutive normal blood donors, 100 homo- and/or bisexuals, and 7,020 heterosexuals presenting for an HIV test using an EIA test. Sixty-seven sera were revealed to be repeatedly positive. Analysis by Western blot confirmed the infection in four cases, an indetermina
Olshevsky U; Helseth E; Furman C; Li J; Haseltine W; Sodroski J; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
The binding of the CD4 receptor by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 exterior envelope glycoprotein is important for virus entry and cytopathic effect. To investigate the CD4-binding region of the gp120 glycoprotein, we altered gp120 amino acids, excluding cysteines, that are conserved among the primate im
Huang M; Jolicoeur P; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Clinical Research Institute of; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is induced by a defective retrovirus. Sequencing of this defective viral genome revealed a long open reading frame which encodes a putative gag/fusion protein, N-MA-p12-CA-NC-COOH, (D. C. Aziz, Z. Hanna, and P. Jolicoeur, Nature (London) 338:505-508, 1989). We raised a specifi
Simmonds P; Balfe P; Ludlam CA; Bishop JO; Brown AJ; Department of Genetics, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
Nucleotide sequences in three hypervariable regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) env gene were obtained by sequencing provirus present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-infected individuals. Single molecules of target sequences were isolated by limiting dilution and amplified in two st
The ability of poxviruses to undergo intramolecular recombination within tandemly arranged homologous sequences can be used to generate chimeric genes and proteins. Genes containing regions of nucleotide homology will recombine to yield a single sequence composed of portions of both original genes. A recombinant virus
Holland SM; Ahmad N; Maitra RK; Wingfield P; Venkatesan S; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev protein modulates the distribution of viral mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by interaction with a highly structured viral RNA sequence, the Rev-responsive element (RRE). To identify the minimal functional elements of RRE, we evaluated mutant RREs for Rev binding in vitro
Solomin L; Felber BK; Pavlakis GN; Basic Research Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702-1201.
We have analyzed the action of the Rev and Tev proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and of the Rex protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) on a series of Rev-responsive element (RRE) mutants. The minimum continuous RRE region necessary and sufficient for Rev function was determined to
Rice AP; Carlotti F; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724.
We expressed the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transactivator protein, Tat, in the wheat germ cell-free translation system and found it to exist as a monomer. The first coding exon (residues 1 to 72) of wheat germ-expressed Tat was resistant to trypsin digestion, indicating that it is a highly folded, independen
D'Addario M; Roulston A; Wainberg MA; Hiscott J; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B.; Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
A promonocytic cell model was used to investigate cytokine gene transcription in U937 and U9-IIIB cells chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The production of interferon (alpha-1 interferon [IFN-alpha 1], IFN-alpha 2, and IFN-beta), interleukin (interleukin 1 alpha [IL-1 alpha], IL-1
Liu ZQ; Wood C; Levy JA; Cheng-Mayer C; Department of Microbiology, University of Kansas, Lawrence; 66045-2103.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains isolated from the central nervous system (CNS) may represent a subgroup that displays a host cell tropism different from those isolated from peripheral blood and lymph nodes. One CNS-derived isolate, HIV-1SF128A, which can be propagated efficiently in primary macroph
Smith JS; Kim SY; Roth MJ; Department of Biochemistry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School,; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway; 08854.
Circle junctions of unintegrated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strain IIIB were analyzed after polymerase chain reaction amplification. Among the 28 colonies sequenced, eight unique circle junction species were detected. Five of the eight species resulted in circle junctions with larger inserts than predicted. A
Jabbar MA; Nayak DP; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California,; Los Angeles, School of Medicine 90024-1747.
The envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plays a major role in the down-regulation of its receptor, CD4. Using a transient-expression system, we investigated the interaction of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein with CD4 during their movement through the intracellular membrane traffic. In
Helseth E; Olshevsky U; Gabuzda D; Ardman B; Haseltine W; Sodroski J; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
The charged amino acids near or within the membrane-spanning region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 envelope glycoprotein were altered. Two mutants were defective for syncytium formation and virus replication even though levels of envelope glycoproteins on the cell or virion surface and CD4 binding wer
Lusso P; Lori F; Gallo RC; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related disorders, it has been suggested that viral cofactors may accelerate the progression of the disease. We present evidence that human T lymphoid cells productively coinfected by HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and
Kohan D; Hammerschlag PE; Holliday RA; Department of Otolaryngology, New York University Medical Center,; NY 10016.
The contrast-enhanced computed tomographic (CT) scans of the temporal bone and brain in 18 patients with otologic disease and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were retrospectively reviewed. Seven scans revealed middle ear and mastoid disease; three scans were consistent with central nervous system (CNS) patho
Tamesis RR; Foster CS; Immunology and Uveitis Service, Massachusetts Eye & Ear; Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114.
The ability of syphilis to mimic different ocular disorders can lead to misdiagnosis and delay in appropriate antimicrobial therapy. The authors describe their experience over the past 5 years with the ocular manifestations of syphilis in 25 patients who comprised 2.45% of 1020 new patients. Uveitis was the most commo
Gass JD; Braunstein RA; Chenoweth RG; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami,; FL 33101.
Six patients with evidence of secondary syphilis presented with visual loss in both eyes caused by large, placoid, yellowish lesions with faded centers at the level of the pigment epithelium in the macula and juxtapapillary areas. All eyes had vitreitis. All of the lesions showed a similar fluorescein angiographic pat
A 29-year-old man with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was found to have a retinochoroiditis and optic neuritis of his left eye. Results of fundus examination showed inflammatory and hemorrhagic retinal lesions consistent with retinitis due to cytomegalovirus infection.
Scheld WM; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia Health; Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908.
Fungal infections have become one of the major causes of death among immunocompromised patients, particularly patients with AIDS. Accurate and quick diagnosis is difficult; therefore, empirical therapy is often necessary. This scenario is complicated by the fact that most antifungal agents are toxic at the doses used
Despite good knowledge about the transmission of HIV, not all HIV-carriers are consequently using condoms. Three case-studies are presented. A psychodynamic approach is presented containing two hypotheses: (1) The more condom use is experienced as separating the two partners and actualizing their different perspective
Prog Med Virol. 1990;37:190-210. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91057403
Roman GC; Roman LN; Osame M; Neuroepidemiology Branch, National Institute of Neurological; Disease and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
Stapinski A; Mazurkiewicz W; Ochelska B; Gluska T; Z Instytutu Wenerologii AM w Warszawie.
In the Institute of Venereology, 5351 patients (75.1% of males, 24.9% females), intravenous drug users (IVDU), have been tested for the presence of HIV antibodies in the period from Jan 1986 to Dec 31 1989. They were patients of detoxication wards and/or pensioners of drug treatment centers. HIV antibodies were determ
An all-Polish study was carried out of a representative sample of 1402 adult subjects for establishing the level of social knowledge of AIDS, the character of attitudes, the consequences of informative activities etc. The AIDS threat was considered by the responders as low, with subjects with rather more loose sexual
Portilla Sogorb J; Rosas Gomez de Salazar JC; Casellas Valde JA; Abad Gosalbez A; Monpel Sanjuan A; Palmero Cabezas MF; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General de Alicante del; Servicio Valenciano de Salud.
We present 21 cases of visceral Leishmaniasis diagnosed in our hospital during the past 8 years. The diagnostic method used was the visualization of the parasite in bone marrow aspiratory puncture. All cases presented fever at admission, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia elevated sedimentation rate and polyclonal gammapathy.
Techniques and approaches from population and community ecology, along with theoretical viewpoints from criminology and the social support hypothesis of health maintenance, are used to examine recent patterns of rising homicide and suicide, intensified substance abuse, low birth weight and AIDS deaths in the Bronx s
General practitioners are in prime position for promoting primary, secondary and tertiary HIV prevention. Counselling is an integral part of their work and a key step towards behavioural change of their patients. Particular attention must be given to counselling before and after the HIV antibody test. So far, the extr
West J Med. 1990 Oct;153(4):394-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91057844
Singleton JA; Perkins CI; Trachtenberg AI; Hughes MJ; Kizer KW; Ascher M; Office of AIDS, California Department of Health Services,; Sacramento 94234-7320.
A cross-sectional blind study was conducted in the spring of 1988 to estimate the extent of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among inmates entering the California correctional system. Of the 6,834 inmates receiving entrance physical examinations during the study period, 6,179 (90.4%) had serum tested for t
48 fatalities (11 female, 37 male) among drug addicts are registered in Vienna in 1988. 96 committed suicides and 401 suicide attempts are reported among young Viennese in 1987. In order to examine the connection between suicide, parasuicide and drug addiction at the drug out patient clinic of the Psychiatric Universi
Lin-Greenberg A; Villacin A; Moussa G; Division of Infectious Diseases, Jersey City Medical Center, NJ; 07304.
We describe cases of severe odynophagia, extensive oral ulcerations, and bowel perforation in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection that were caused by lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Such presentations in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals are usually ascribed to other causes and may be inc
No To Shinkei. 1990 Sep;42(9):863-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91058811
Fukui S; Tabata H; Hayashi H; Matsushima Y; Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric; Hospital, Japan.
This paper presents a case of successful treatment of candida meningitis with miconazole. A 55-year-old woman was admitted due to high fever, vomiting and urinary incontinence on November 11, 1986. Four months prior to this episode, she had been treated for a ruptured aneurysm with neck-clipping and V-P shunt for NPH.
Hughes A; Corrah T; Pathology Laboratories, Royal Victoria Hospital, Banjul.
In the mid 1980 s a second human retrovirus, capable of causing the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), was isolated from patients of West African origin. This virus, now called human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV2), was found to be distinct from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1) but closely relat
Bhigjee AI; Kelbe C; Haribhai HC; Windsor IM; Hoffmann MH; Modi G; Bill PL; Becker WB; Singh B; Engelbrecht S; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Natal,; South Africa.
Unexplained spastic myelopathy in black (Zulu) patients, similar to that seen in the tropics, has previously been described from Natal, South Africa . Following reports linking the human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) to spastic myelopathy, we undertook a prospective and
Cancer. 1990 Dec 1;66(11):2380-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91059316
Nagatani T; Matsuzaki T; Iemoto G; Kim S; Baba N; Miyamoto H; Nakajima H; Department of Dermatology, Yokohama City University School of; Medicine, Japan.
An important disease entity distinct from cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in Japan is adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), which usually shows the same phenotype as CTCL, i.e., a helper/inducer T-cell phenotype (CD4+CD8-), and usually involves the skin. Clinically, both CTCL and A
Cancer. 1990 Dec 1;66(11):2407-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91059321
Gold JE; Ghali V; Gold S; Brown JC; Zalusky R; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, Mount Sinai; School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10003.
The lesions known as lymphocytic vasculitis, polymorphic reticulosis (midline malignant reticulosis, lethal midline granuloma), lymphomatoid granulomatosis, and angiocentric lymphoma form what have been collectively termed the angiocentric immunoproliferative lesions (AIL). Because of recent reports demonstrating clon
Cancer. 1990 Dec 1;66(11):2414-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91059322
Fausel R; Sun NC; Klein S; Department of Pathology, Los Angeles County/Harbor-UCLA Medical; Center, Torrance 90509.
Splenic rupture presenting as primary malignant lymphoma of the spleen is a rare event. We report such an occurrence in a young man who had a primary B-cell immunoblastic lymphoma of the spleen and was found to be HIV-positive. We suggest that serologic tests for HIV should be performed in unusual cases of malignant l
Cancer. 1990 Dec 1;66(11):2417-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91059323
Dutcher JP; Marcus SL; Tanowitz HB; Wittner M; Fuks JZ; Wiernik PH; Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY; 10467.
A 45-year-old man presented with central nervous system involvement as the initial manifestation of disseminated infection with Strongyloides stercoralis. Several concurrent clinical factors contributed to this event, all related to the patient s immunosuppression, including high-grade lymphoma, corticosteroid therapy
Cancer Nurs. 1990 Oct;13(5):278-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91059342
DiPasquale JA; College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia.
Support groups have been suggested as the best way to help individuals with AIDS to cope. The purpose of this research was to determine whether participation in an AIDS support group would significantly decrease the level of anxiety and hopelessness in individuals with AIDS. Subjects in the study were volunteers from
Mirri A; Rapezzi C; Iacopi F; Ortolani P; Binetti G; Fabbri M; Ortolani P; Zauli T; Pintori C; Baroni M; et al; Istituto di Malattie Cardiovascolari, Universita degli Studi,; Bologna.
Cardiac abnormalities are frequently reported in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Much less is known about the true prevalence of cardiac involvement in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We prospectively examined 138 consecutive patients with HIV infection including 41
Rodman TC; Pruslin FH; Laboratory for Cell Biology, Rockefeller University, New York,; New York 10021.
We demonstrate here that the protamine-reactive IgM antibodies previously shown to be present in normal adult sera include two subsets differing in binding affinity. The principal, high-affinity subset was detected in AIDS and ARC as well as normal sera. The secondary, low-affinity subset, however, was absent or marke
Crit Care Med. 1990 Dec;18(12):1440-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91059635
Gerst PH; Fildes JJ; Rosario PG; Schorr JB; Department of Surgery, Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, NY 10457.
The risk of nosocomial human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among hospitalized patients comes almost exclusively from transfusion of fresh blood products. Current estimates of the risk of HIV infection from the transfusion of blood or components vary from 1/40,000 to 1/250,000 (0.0025% to 0.0004%), with the mo
Francis CK; College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New; York, New York.
Cardiac involvement in AIDS may occur at any stage of HIV disease and may manifest as congestive cardiomyopathy, potentially lethal arrhythmia, or pericardial effusion and tamponade. The heart may be affected by nearly all of the opportunistic infections and many of the malignancies associated with the syndrome. Altho
Feinsilver SH; Fein AM; Niederman MS; Schultz DE; Faegenburg DH; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Winthrop; University Hospital, Mineola, NY.
Although fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) has been traditionally used to evaluate nonresolving pneumonia, its efficacy is unknown. We, therefore, reviewed FOB in 35 consecutive patients who had (1) a roentgenographic infiltrate, (2) cough, (3) either temperature greater than 38.1 degrees C, leukocytosis, sputum productio
Edelstein H; McCabe RE; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Martinez, CA.
Inhaled pentamidine is used commonly to prevent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. Case reports indicate that PCP can recur in patients who receive inhaled pentamidine and that clinical features may be atypical. To determine the magnitude of this prob
Ronco JJ; Montaner JS; Fenwick JC; Ruedy J; Russell JA; Department of Medicine, St. Pauls Hospital University of British; Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Oxygen consumption is pathologically dependent on oxygen delivery in ARDS and sepsis. We asked whether oxygen consumption is dependent on oxygen delivery in severe acute respiratory failure secondary to AIDS-related PCP. In five patients who had AIDS-related PCP, diffuse bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, no evidence of
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1990 Nov;12(6):363-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91060083
Sholevar GP; Perkel R; Department of Psychiatry, Jefferson Medical College,; Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Family systems theory provides the physician with a comprehensive paradigm to investigate the social and interpersonal context of physical illness. All physical illnesses, particularly life-threatening and chronic ones, profoundly affect the family life of the patient, and the changed family circumstances in turn have
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1990 Nov;12(6):390-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91060087
Muskin PR; Stevens LA; College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New; York, New York.
Medical student training now involves an increasing number of patients with HIV infection and AIDS. Thus far educational efforts to change attitudes and behaviors toward AIDS patients have not been successful. Education that only involves the presentation of information appears to be insufficient to alter fearful and
Keet IP; Lee FK; van Griensven GJ; Lange JM; Nahmias A; Coutinho RA; Department of Infectious Diseases, Municipal Health Service,; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
We studied the role of genital ulcerative infections for acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in a cohort of 989 homosexual men in Amsterdam between October 1984 and December 1988. Among 53 HIV-1 seroconverters serological and anamnestic data were gathered regarding herpes simplex virus
Mak R; Plum J; Van Renterghem L; Department of Hygiene and Social Medicine, University Hospital,; Ghent State University, Belgium.
From December 1988 to April 1989, 154 female prostitutes in and around Ghent, Belgium , were interviewed about their knowledge, attitudes and practices in relation to the risks for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in their profess
Fitzpatrick R; McLean J; Dawson J; Boulton M; Hart G; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of; Oxford, London, UK.
A sample of 502 homosexually active men were recruited from genitourinary medicine clinics and non clinic sources and interviewed in relation to their sexual behaviour and factors that might influence their use of condoms. Three hundred and eighty three men (76%) reported penetrative anal sex in the previous year. Nin
Hay PE; Tam FW; Kitchen VS; Horner S; Bridger J; Weber J; Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, Middlesex.
Two HIV-infected men are reported who developed gummatous lesions more than 12 months after appropriate treatment of presumptive syphilis. In one patient the lesions developed without any change in the VDRL titre. The most likely explanation for these lesions is reactivation of syphilis in the context of HIV infection
Greco D; Giuliani M; Suligoi B; Panatta M; Giannetti A; Operational Centre for AIDS, National Institute of Health, Rome,; Italy.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) surveillance has caught the attention of the Italian public health authorities during the past decades. The spread of HIV infection increased the awareness of the need for a better STD surveillance system. This paper reports a retrospective survey of STD clinics in
A multicentre investigation was made into the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV infection amongst homosexual/bisexual (HS/BS) men attending genitourinary medicine clinics in the UK during the final quarters of 1986, 1987, and 1988. The results from individual clinics have been collated into regional
Int J Addict. 1990 Apr;25(4):345-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91060305
Kleinman PH; Goldsmith DS; Friedman SR; Hopkins W; Des Jarlais DC; Narcotic and Drug Research, Inc., New York, New York 10013.
An informal survey of knowledge about and behaviors relevant to the spread of AIDS was conducted on the street in New York City during October 1986. The sample (n = 204) includes IV drug users (60%) and others (40%). The informal nature of the interview suggests that respondents gave salient answers rather than the co
Int J Addict. 1990 Apr;25(4):409-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91060309
Casadonte PP; Des Jarlais DC; Friedman SR; Rotrosen JP; New York University Medical School, New York.
In 1984 as part of a New York City study to examine the prevalence of HIV infection in a substance-abusing population and to test the validity of HIV screening kits, 94 patients at the New York VAMC were tested. Results were made available to 50 (35 seronegative, 15 seropositive) patients in January 1986. Psychologica
Clark RP; Osborne RW; Pressey DC; Grover F; Keddie JR; Thomas C; Thermal Biology Group, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, UK.
Open fronted Class I and II microbiological safety cabinets (MSCs) are required by the British Standard 5726 to provide similar levels of operator protection (viz. 10(5). In laboratories that are naturally ventilated large numbers of both types of cabinets have been shown to exceed this requirement consistently over a
Gee MH; Gottlieb JE; Albertine KH; Kubis JM; Peters SP; Fish JE; Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas; Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
Thirty-nine patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were enrolled in a study to identify potential age-related changes in organ system function that may help explain the apparent association between age and poor outcome in these patients. Criteria for enrollment included an arterial PO2-to-inspired O2
Redmond R; Wilson R; New England College of Optometry, Boston, MA 02215.
HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of neurological disease. The most common symptom is an altered mental status, depicted by the progressive chronic stages of AIDS Dementia Complex. The ability to recognize this syndrome so as to be able to refer for evaluation is a key factor in the optometrist s role as pri
Brouwers P; Moss H; Wolters P; Eddy J; Balis F; Poplack DG; Pizzo PA; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Neuropsychologic function was assessed in 13 children with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus disease (Centers for Disease Control Class P2), ranging in age from 14 months to 12 years. Before the initiation of treatment, eight patients were classified as having encephalopathy. Psychologic tests were administered
Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;74(6):1389-416. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061528
Hutchinson CM; Hook EW 3d; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
This article reviews the clinical manifestations of syphilis, diagnostic tests that might help to diagnose accurately the disease, and current recommendations for therapy. The association of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus infection raises additional questions related to transmission, diagnosis, and therapy
Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;74(6):1417-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061529
Jessamine PG; Ronald AR; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba,; Winnipeg, Canada.
Chancroid is the most prevalent form of genital ulcer disease in developing countries and is undergoing a resurgence in industrialized countries. As a result of a nonspecificity of the clinical findings, the etiologic diagnosis of genital ulcer disease requires laboratory support. Genital ulcer disease is a risk facto
Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;74(6):1433-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061530
Mertz GJ; Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico School of; Medicine, Albuquerque.
There has been a dramatic increase in patient visits to physicians for evaluation and treatment of genital herpes infections. This has resulted in part from an increase in genital herpes infections, particularly severe, first-episode genital herpes infections in adults without p
Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;74(6):1559-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061536
Schmid GP; Division of STD/HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, Georgia.
The three major diseases characterized by genital ulcers-- genital herpes , syphilis, and chancroid--are common, with genital herpes being most common in industrialized countries and chancroid being most common in developing countries. One fourth to one half of patients with genit
Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;74(6):1617-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061539
Keat A; Department of Rheumatology, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical; School, Westminster Hospital, London, England.
Sexually transmitted infections may provoke a wide variety of rheumatic lesions. Disseminated N. gonorrhoeae infection leads to septic arthritis, which may be rapidly destructive but which responds promptly to appropriate antibiotic therapy. In contrast, both gonococcal and nongonococcal infections may lead to aseptic
Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;74(6):1647-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061541
Moss GB; Kreiss JK; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
The epidemiology of HIV infection in the United States is changing, with a dramatic reduction in the incidence of new HIV infection in homosexual men over the past decade because of altered sexual practices. In contrast, heterosexual transmission of HIV is increasing and is disproporti
Teirstein AS; Damsker B; Kirschner PA; Krellenstein DJ; Robinson B; Chuang MT; Pulmonary Division, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY.
Most physicians fail to recognize Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) as a major pathogen for pulmonary disease among patients admitted to hospitals throughout the United States . In a review of all records of positive MAI cultures during the 10 years beginning July 1, 1979, at The
Mendelson MH; Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY.
Patients with HIV infection pose a minimal but real risk to healthcare providers who sustain an exposure to such patients blood or body fluids. Using data from large prospective studies, the estimated risk following parenteral exposure to HIV-positive blood is 0.4%. When a healthcare worker sustains an exposure, Moun
Poretsky L; Maran A; Zumoff B; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY.
The endocrine abnormalities associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are reviewed. These include adrenal insufficiency, hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism, panhypopituitarism, hypogonadism, and alterations in thyroid function tests. AIDS-related infections or neoplasms may lead to hypercalcemia, whereas
Nature. 1990 Nov 29;348(6300):419-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061882
Ryu SE; Kwong PD; Truneh A; Porter TG; Arthos J; Rosenberg M; Dai XP; Xuong NH; Axel R; Sweet RW; et al; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia; University, New York, New York 10032.
CD4 glycoprotein on the surface of T cells helps in the immune response and is the receptor for HIV infection. The structure of a soluble fragment of CD4 determined at 2.3 A resolution reveals that the molecule has two intimately associated immunoglobulin-like domains. Residues implicated in HIV recognition by analysi
Wells KH; Poiesz BJ; Department of Microbiology, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Syracuse.
Although human retrovirology can trace its roots to the early part of this century, it has been within the last decade that the field has seen its greatest advances, including the description of the first human retroviruses, HTLV-I, and the subsequent discovery of HTLV-II and the AIDS retroviruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2. Th
From 1981 to 1989, the number of women with HIV infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) increased rapidly. Most women were infected through intravenous drug use or sexual contact with an infected man. Most children were infected through mother-to-infant transmission during pregnancy or delivery. Availa
Viscarello RR; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School; of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Infection with HIV results in a chronic, persistent infection that usually progresses slowly from an asymptomatic state to full-blown AIDS. AIDS remains a lethal disease with no effective cure. A great deal of information has been learned in the past decade, yet many questions remain unresolved. Much more research is
Allen MH; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University; School of Medicine, New York.
AIDS is the leading cause of death among women aged 25 to 34 years in New York City. Gynecologic care should be directed toward early identification and aggressive treatment of infectious and neoplastic processes that may take a more fulminant course in immunosuppressed women. Dealing with women s contraceptive needs
Tuomala R; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Prenatal HIV education and testing requires access to many resources and is demanding of time and personnel. Properly trained sympathetic on-site counselors are essential. Such personnel may combine this role with other tasks but should have the time necessary to commit to individualized HIV counseling. High-quality l
Sunderland A; State University of New York, Health Science Center, Brooklyn,; New York.
This article discusses the role of the practitioner in the pregnancy decision-making process of the HIV-infected woman. Literature on women s decisions is reviewed, and variables that influence decisions are discussed. The author concludes that HIV infection does not have a significant impact on pregnancy decisions. O
Valente P; Main EK; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,; University of California, San Francisco.
The role of the placental tissue in the perinatal transmission of HIV is still far from being understood. Significant data regarding transplacental infection have been collected, but differences in technique have led to controversy. It appears clear that many Hofbauer cells are CD4+ and can become infected with HIV. L
Nanda D; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New; York Health Science Center, Brooklyn.
Among an estimated 1 million to 1.5 million Americans infected with HIV, about 10 per cent are women. Moreover, almost 30 per cent of HIV infection among women is acquired through heterosexual activity. Therefore, the average obstetrician/gynecologist is not sheltered from dealing with HIV. This article offers guideli
Crombleholme WR; University of California, San Francisco.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection in women is geographically widespread throughout the US. Infected blood is the single most important source for HIV transmission in the health care setting. Occupationally acquired HIV infection appears to be an uncommon event, with prospective studies thus far reporting an incid
Nolan K; Hastings Center, Briarcliff Manor, New York.
Should women of childbearing age be screened for the presence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus? If infected, should they be instructed not to become pregnant or not to bear children? Should pregnant women and their offspring be included in research protocols that explore ways to prevent or treat peri
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8687-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062345
Gunnery S; Rice AP; Robertson HD; Mathews MB; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY 11724.
Transcription from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter gives rise to short cytoplasmic transcripts of approximately 60 nucleotides as well as to longer mRNAs. These RNAs contain the Tat-responsive region sequence, which is capable of assuming a stem-loop structure and has been implicated in the regulation
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8746-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062357
Venkatesh LK; Arens MQ; Subramanian T; Chinnadurai G; Institute for Molecular Virology, Saint Louis University Medical; Center, MO 63110.
The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) primarily infect CD4+ T lymphocytes, leading eventually to the development of a systemic immune dysfunction termed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). An attractive strategy to combat HIV-mediated pathogenesis would be to eliminate the initial pool of infected cells and
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8805-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PDB
Swain AL; Miller MM; Green J; Rich DH; Schneider J; Kent SB; Wlodawer A; Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute-Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702.
The structure of a crystal complex of the chemically synthesized protease of human immunodeficiency virus 1 with a heptapeptide-derived inhibitor bound in the active site has been determined. The sequence of the inhibitor JG-365 is Ac-Ser-Leu-Asn-Phe-psi[CH(OH)CH2N]-Pro-Ile-Val-OMe; the Ki is 0.24 nM. The hydroxyethyl
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8840-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M38254
Lairmore MD; Jacobson S; Gracia F; De BK; Castillo L; Larreategui M; Roberts BD; Levine PH; Blattner WA; Kaplan JE; Retrovirus Disease Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA 30333.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and with a chronic degenerative myelopathy. However, another major type of HTLV, HTLV-II, has been isolated only sporadically, and little is known of disease associations, transmission routes, and risk factors for HTLV-II infe
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8860-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062378
Feng YX; Copeland TD; Oroszlan S; Rein A; Levin JG; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Child; Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Expression of the murine leukemia virus pol gene occurs by translational readthrough of an in-frame UAG codon between the gag and pol coding regions. In a previous study, we mutated the UAG codon to UAA or UGA and demonstrated that both of these termination codons could be suppressed in reticulocyte lysates and in inf
A dynamical model for the structure of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease dimer in aqueous solution has been developed on the basis of molecular dynamics simulation. The model provides an accurate account of the crystal geometry and also a prediction of the structural reorganization expected to occur
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8985-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062404
Cordingley MG; LaFemina RL; Callahan PL; Condra JH; Sardana VV; Graham DJ; Nguyen TM; LeGrow K; Gotlib L; Schlabach AJ; et al; Department of Virus and Cell Biology, Merck Sharp and Dohme; Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486.
Bacterially expressed Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 binds selectively to short RNA transcripts containing the viral transactivation-responsive element (TAR). Sequences sufficient for Tat interaction map to the distal portion of the TAR stem-loop. We show that critical sequences for Tat binding are
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):9067-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062420
Norley SG; Kraus G; Ennen J; Bonilla J; Konig H; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Potential reasons for the lack of pathogenicity of the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVagm in its natural host, the African green monkey (AGM, Cercopithecus aethiops), were investigated with respect to immunological mechanisms. The functional immune response of monkeys to infection was similar (though not identical)
Antoni MH; August S; LaPerriere A; Baggett HL; Klimas N; Ironson G; Schneiderman N; Fletcher MA; Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL; 33124-2070.
Our previous work indicated that gay males ultimately found to be seronegative showed impaired lymphocyte proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) upon entering a study in which they would be notified of their human immunodeficiency virus-Type 1 (HIV-1) antibody status. To examine
McGrory BJ; McDowell DM; Muskin PR; College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New; York, NY.
After completing their clinical rotations, 69% of the third-year medical school class at Columbia University responded to a survey based on one originally used by Kelly et al. at the University of Mississippi, to determine their attitudes toward acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, homosexual men, and i
Public Health. 1990 Sep;104(5):321-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062542
Baxter DN; Schlecht B; Department of Community Medicine, Manchester.
HIV-related behaviour was studied in a sample of 187 injecting drug users in Stockport, most of whom were not regular users of health services. 174 of the group had shared needles, most of them within the last 4 weeks. Among the 174, more than a quarter were under 20 years of age; most had had multiple sexual partners
Chechani V; Allam AA; Kamholz SL; Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Brooklyn.
Progressive pulmonary shadows prompted investigations which provided the diagnosis of pulmonary non-Hodgkin s lymphoma in three patients (two with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Rapid progression of radiographic abnormalities seen in these three patients is unusual for pu
Miller RF; Birley HD; Fogarty P; Semple SJ; Department of Medicine, University College and Middlesex School; of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London, U.K.
Fourteen AIDS patients with constitutional symptoms without a known etiology were treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG). The dosage regimen was 300 mg/kg per day three times weekly for two weeks followed by 300 mg/kg per day once weekly for ten weeks. All patients improved clinically after treatment with IVI
Panther LA; Sande MA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; 94102.
Cryptococcosis is the most common, deep-seated fungal infection in AIDS patients, and cryptococcal meningitis is the most frequently observed syndrome. AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis usually have an indolent presentation and nonspecific findings on physical examination. Routine laboratory tests are of litt
Sarosi GA; Johnson PC; Department of Internal Medicine, Maricopa Medical Center,; Phoenix, Arizona 85010.
Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH) is a relatively common infectious illness in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. In Houston, Texas, (which is moderately endemic for histoplasmosis) the frequency of PDH is 5% among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), almost as high a
Galgiani JN; Ampel NM; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona 85723.
Coccidioidomycosis in human-immunodeficiency virus-infected patients poses frequent and significant problems. Most cases are presently concentrated in regions highly endemic for the fungus. Infection most frequently involves the lungs, and diffuse reticulonodular infiltrates are typical. Disease has also been evident
Sex Transm Dis. 1990 Jul-Sep;17(3):122-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062804
Barbacci MB; Dalabetta GA; Repke JT; Talbot BL; Charache P; Polk BF; Chaisson RE; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Women attending an inner-city prenatal clinic between February, 1987 and August, 1988 completed a questionnaire to assess risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Women with risk factors were offered HIV testing. Testing was available to women without risk factors upon their request. Stored sera
Churchill LR; Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina,; Chapel Hill 27599.
AIDS and the responses and attitudes it evokes surpass the analytic abilities of standard bioethics. These responses and attitudes are explored in terms of literary and anthropological categories, such as dirt, disorder, pollution and ritual cleanliness. Implications for medical education are suggested.
Cutter MA; Department of Philosophy, University of Colorado, Colorado; Springs 80933.
The classification of clinical problems, such as AIDS, requires choices. Choices are made on epistemic (i.e., knowledge-based) and non-epistemic (i.e., action-based) grounds. That is, the ways in which we classify clinical problems, such as AIDS, involve a balancing of different understandings of clinical reality and
Sheldon M; Department of Philosophy, Indiana University, Gary 46408.
The paper is an attempt to review the basis for the claim that physicians have a professional obligation to treat AIDS patients. Considered are the historical record, two professional codes of ethics, and several recent articles. The paper concludes that the arguments considered, which attempt to support the claim tha
Douard J; Institute for the Medical Humanities, University of Texas Medical; Branch, Galveston 77550.
In the discussion of the responsibilities of society to the HIV infected and uninfected, a serious question seems to have been left out of the picture: To what extent are people who are not infected, have no special relationship to the infected and have no professional responsibilities for the care of AIDS patients un
Birley HD; Buscombe JR; Griffiths MH; Semple SJ; Miller RF; Department of Medicine, University College and Middlesex School; of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London.
A patient with an unusual granulomatous response to infection with Pneumocystis carinii is described. The diagnosis was made by open lung biopsy after two negative bronchoalveolar lavages.
Minutoli R; Eden E; Brachfeld C; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Roosevelt Hospital, New York,; NY 10019.
A simple non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage method was used in 30 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome undergoing assisted ventilation for respiratory failure. A modified Argyle Levin stomach tube was passed via the endotracheal tube and lavage performed. The lavage was well tolerated and perform
Vet Microbiol. 1990 Oct;25(1):17-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062962
Kajikawa O; Dahlberg JE; Rosadio RH; De Martini JC; Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and; Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523.
A heterologous competition radioimmunoassay (RIA) which consisted of 125I-labeled langur retrovirus major gag protein and goat anti-squirrel monkey retrovirus serum was used to detect a type D retrovirus-associated antigen in tumor cell homogenates, lung fluid, and cell culture supernatant fluids of naturally occurrin
Starke G; Zentralinstitut fur Hygiene, Mikrobiologie und Epidemiologie der; DDR.
The importance of transplantation in clinical medicine is still increasing. Risks by transmission of infections agents by virus contaminated transplants with following diseases are most feared. Anamnesis and course of spectacular cases by unconventual viruses (Creutzfeld-Jakob), pathogens of AIDS and rabies and transm
Ann Ital Med Int. 1990 Apr-Jun;5(2):140-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91064198
Fiaccadori F; Missale G; Pasetti GC; Pizzaferri P; Pedretti G; Cattedra di Malattie Infettive dell'Universita degli Studi di; Parma.
Evaluation of the surgical risk in cirrhotic patients undergoing emergency operations must take into account potential anesthesia-related problems, the specific type of operation, and altered liver function. Therefore, (a) the generic surgical risk, (b) the specific surgical risk and (c) the anesthetic risk, must be d
Cancer. 1990 Dec 15;66(12):2503-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91064684
Goldstein J; Dickson DW; Rubenstein A; Woods W; Mincer F; Belman AL; Davis L; Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467.
Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, an otherwise rare pediatric tumor, has been reported with increasing frequency in children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). With current therapy, the outcome of this disease is invariably fatal. The authors present a case of primary
Dacso CC; Internal Medicine Group, University of California, San Diego,; School of Medicine, La Jolla.
A wide variety of organisms and conditions have been reported to cause pericarditis in patients that present and die with AIDS. Although pericarditis is remarkably common in patients dying of AIDS, no consistent pattern of cause emerges. Patients with AIDS are susceptible to pericarditis as a concomitant of the termin
Crit Care Nurse. 1990 Nov-Dec;10(10):22-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91065010
Unkle DW
Testing for the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains one of the most controversial issues of this decade. Among persons diagnosed to be HIV positive, social ostracism and exaggerated atypical behavior are common. The resulting impact on the delivery of healthcare services to the seropositive pati
Cruz Martinez A; Rabano J; Villoslada C; Cabello A; Hospital La Paz, Clinica La Luz, Madrid.
We studied three patients who were admitted to the hospital because of progressive weakness without other systemic signs or symptoms. All three cases were young males who had been intravenous drug user for many years. Electrophysiologic study showed prolonged distal latencies and marked slowing of motor and sensory co
EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(12):4145-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91065346
Dingwall C; Ernberg I; Gait MJ; Green SM; Heaphy S; Karn J; Lowe AD; Singh M; Skinner MA; Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology,; Cambridge, UK.
The HIV-1 trans-activator protein, tat, is an RNA binding protein with a high affinity for a U-rich bulge near the tip of the stem in the RNA stem-loop structure encoded by the trans-activation responsive region (TAR). A Scatchard analysis of tat binding has shown that the purified protein forms a one-to-one complex w
EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(12):4155-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91065347
Trono D; Baltimore D; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142.
To examine the restriction of HIV growth in murine cells, we infected NIH 3T3 cells with HIV pseudotyped by Moloney murine leukemia virus. The virus, which carried a dominant selectable marker under the control of the HIV LTR, gave large numbers of resistant clones, showing that murine cells are permissive for HIV unc
EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(12):4161-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91065348
Kanamori H; Suzuki N; Siomi H; Nosaka T; Sato A; Sabe H; Hatanaka M; Honjo T; Department of Medical Chemistry, Kyoto University Faculty of; Medicine, Japan.
Expression of the pX gene products (p40tax, p27rex and p21X-III) of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), which is known to be a causative agent of adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia, induces expression of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2R alpha) on infected T cells. Comparison of IL-2R alpha promoter a
EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(12):4181-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91065351
Garcia-Barreno B; Portela A; Delgado T; Lopez JA; Melero JA; Department of Molecular Biology, Centro Nacional de; Microbiologia, Madrid, Spain.
The genetic characterization of four previously reported mutants of human respiratory syncytial (RS) virus resistant to monoclonal antibody 63G is described. Sequences of the G protein genes were obtained from: (i) mRNA derived cDNA recombinants, (ii) direct mRNA sequencing and (iii) amplified vRNA derived cDNAs. The
Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase) contains two bonds, Met29-Met30 and Tyr92-Pro93 which are representative of sites in the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) gag polyprotein precursors that are cleaved by the HIV-1 protease during viral maturation. Nevertheless, neither native nor performic acid-oxidized RN
Gardiner JS; Zauk AM; Minnefor AB; Boyd LC; Avella DG; McInerney VK; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seton Hall University School of; Graduate Medical Education, South Orange, New Jersey.
Pyomyositis is a purulent infection of skeletal muscle caused predominantly by Staphylococcus aureus. Although not often encountered in the continental United States , pyomyositis is frequently seen in tropical areas. Pyomyositis is difficult to diagnose as it may mimic other diseases.
Med Clin (Barc). 1990 Jun 9;95(2):53-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91066585
Hernandez Flix S; Sauret J; Ausina V; Condom MJ; Rodriguez Frojan G; Luquin M; Cornudella R; Servicio de Aparato Respiratorio, Hospital de la Santa Creu i; Sant Pau, Barcelona.
The clinical characteristics, radiologic findings, and therapeutic response in 35 cases of pulmonary disease induced by opportunistic environmental mycobacteria collected during a period of 4 years are reported. These cases included 21 infections by Mycobacterium kansasii, 10 by M. xenopi, and 4 by M. avium. The cases
Computed tomography (CT) is a sensitive noninvasive study used for the diagnosis of cerebral lesions in patients with AIDS. Toxoplasmosis is, by far, the most common opportunistic central nervous system disease (CNS) in this population; accordingly, most groups start empirical antitoxoplasma therapy if the radiologica
The features of the nine first cases of Isospora belli enteritis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosed in the Hospital Clinic i Provincial of Barcelona from September 1984 to May 1989 are reported. All patients were male, five were homosexual and four were parenteral drug abusers. The cl
Vidal Pla R; Roca Tey R; Miravitlles M; de Gracia J; Nubiola AR; Servicio de Neumologia, Hospital General Vall d'Hebron,; Barcelona.
We report a microepidemic of tuberculosis (TBC) in a family of 12 members, 4 of which were parenteral drug abusers and 3 had anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies. Four new cases were simultaneously diagnosed in the investigation of the contacts of a patient with extrapulmonary tuberculosis and acquired i
Zhu Z; Schinazi RF; Chu CK; Williams GJ; Colby CB; Sommadossi JP; Department of Pharmacology, Center for AIDS Research, University; of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
3 -Azido-2 ,3 -dideoxyuridine (AzdU, CS-87) is a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus replication in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with limited toxicity for human bone marrow cells (BMC). In the present study, metabolism of AzdU was investigated in human PBMC and BMC after exposure of cel
A good summation response came from one Southwest facility: We can t demand a test, but we request it. We haven t had a positive transient yet, but we couldn t legally turn them away...besides, it wouldn t seem right. We ve talked about it, even where our own patients are concerned, and we re scared. Even though we us
Overall, the bloodborne pathogen rule constitutes a reasonable response to a significant threat to workplace safety. The risks to dialysis workers from HBV and HIV must be minimized or eliminated and the rule is generally consistent with the consensus approach. Unfortunately for dialysis providers, the rule is not exe
de Man RA; Schalm SW; Sprecher-Goldberger S; Stibbe J; van de Ende ME; Schrijnemakers P; Rothbarth PH; Department of Internal Medicine & Hepatogastroenterology,; University Hospital Dijkzigt, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
In order to find suitable markers for selection and monitoring of antiviral therapy in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients, we evaluated 18 anti-HIV positive individuals at three monthly intervals by HIV culture, HIV antigen, and core (p24) antibody testing as well as by measurement of lymphocyte subsets. Consistent re
van Gelder T; Kroes AC; van der Ende ME; Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Hospital Dijkzigt,; Erasmus University, Rotterdam.
A patient is reported with a typical acute HIV-infection. He presented with an infectious mononucleosis-like illness, which included fever, malaise, sore throat, myalgia, swollen glands and a rash. Seroconversion, documented by serial immunoblotting, occurred within a period of four days. If a patient with a glandular
Clinical, empirical, and subjective data are used to explore the concept of hope as it is lived by persons who are diagnosed as terminally ill. Interviews with 11 men who were in stage 2 (asymptomatic) HIV disease explicate the form that hope takes and its role in promoting health when a person must cope with a seriou
Wegman ME; School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; 48109-2029.
US infant mortality continued to decline slowly and the provisional 1989 rate, 9.7 per 1000 live births, was the lowest ever recorded. Final 1988 data showed no change in cause of death distribution or in the wide discrepancy between white and black infant mortality. State rates varied from 6.8 in Vermont to 12.6 in G
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9153-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91067665
Meisterernst M; Horikoshi M; Roeder RG; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rockefeller; University, New York, NY 10021.
The TATA box-binding transcription factor TFIID from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was tested for its ability to mediate regulatory factor functions both in a cell-free system reconstituted with other general initiation factors (purified from HeLa cells) and in a combined nucleosome assembly-transcription system. In the la
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9426-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91067719
Shirasaka T; Murakami K; Ford H Jr; Kelley JA; Yoshioka H; Kojima E; Aoki S; Broder S; Mitsuya H; Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
Four 2-amino-6-halo- and four 6-halo-2 ,3 -dideoxypurine ribofuranosides (ddPs) were synthesized and tested for in vitro activity to suppress the infectivity, cytopathic effect, Gag protein expression, and DNA synthesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The comparative order of in vitro anti-HIV activity of the e
Science. 1990 Nov 23;250(4984):1139-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068008
Moore JP; McKeating JA; Weiss RA; Sattentau QJ; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
The CD4 antigen is the high affinity cellular receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Binding of recombinant soluble CD4 (sCD4) or the purified V1 domain of sCD4 to the surface glycoprotein gp120 on virions resulted in rapid dissociation of gp120 from its complex with the transmembrane glycoprote
South Med J. 1990 Dec;83(12):1380-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068035
Coverdale JH; Aruffo JF; Laux LF; Vallbona C; Thornby JI; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College; of Medicine, Houston, Tex 77030.
We asked 39 physicians providing primary care for a mostly minority patient population to respond to a questionnaire concerning their attitudes and behavior toward AIDS risk assessment and preventive counseling and to indicate their beliefs concerning patients knowledge and behavior. Most of the 36 physicians who res
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1990 Nov;20(6):1615-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068313
Medleau L; University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens.
This article discusses the etiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment of several diseases. Feline immunodeficiency, virus infection, cryptococcosis, dermatophyte pseudomycetomas, demodicosis, Sezary-like syndrome, and discoid lupus erythematosus in cats are reviewed.
Nett A; Katedra trestniho prava, Pravnicka fakulta Masarykovy; univerzity Brno.
The author deals with the problem of medical secrecy in conjunction with AIDS. He draws attention to some problems pertaining to the relationship of legal authorities and health facilities in conjunction with the provision of data from the medical documentation. He presents brief information on the discussion about co
The use of vaccinia virus vector for the delivery of antigens was first described by Moss and Paoletti and their colleagues in 1982. Such vaccines could be of particular value in developing countries because they would be cheap, stable, easy to administer and provide long-lasting immunity. WHO recognized the potential
Zandrini C; Ciano C; Alfonsi E; Sandrini G; Minoli L; Moglia A; Dept. of Clinical Neurophysiology, IRCCS C. Mondino, Italy.
Percutaneous magnetic stimulation of the brain and spinal cord is a technique developed to demonstrate early and subclinical abnormalities in corticomotoneuron pathways. Central motor conduction time (CMCT) was evaluated in 58 HIV-seropositive patients neurologically asymptomatic (CDC groups II and III) and in two con
Am J Gastroenterol. 1990 Dec;85(12):1576-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068707
Battan R; Raviglione MC; Palagiano A; Boyle JF; Sabatini MT; Sayad K; Ottaviano LJ; Department of Medicine, Cabrini Medical Center, New York City,; New York.
A controlled study was conducted on patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection referred for upper endoscopy to evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Four different stains and culture for H. pylori were performed on biopsy specimens from the gastric antrum. Sixteen (40%)
Lorenz HP; Wilson W; Leigh B; Schecter WP; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco; General Hospital 94110.
We retrospectively reviewed eight patients with biopsy-proven anorectal Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) treated between 1984 and 1989 at San Francisco General Hospital. All patients were homosexual men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The average age was 34 years. Three patients had primary rectal KS without
Sathe SS; Gascon P; Lo W; Pinto R; Reichman LB; Gascone P/[corrected to Gascon P]; Division of Infectious Diseases, Brooklyn Veterans Administration; Hospital, New York.
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is usually unresponsive to antimycobacterial therapy. We examined clinical and laboratory characteristics of MAI organisms and their relationship to the length of survival. We studied factors influencin
An Esp Pediatr. 1990 Jul;33(1):36-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069071
Elorza Arizmendi JF; Tuset Ruiz C; Leon Sebastia P; Monzo Mansanet ML; Tacons Mateu J; Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital General y Universitario,; Valencia.
A social study is made of 60 families with offspring presenting antibodies to HIV and monitored in our Service. Their data are compared with those obtained from an HIV antibody-negative control population randomly extracted from our Center.
Ann Neurol. 1990 Oct;28(4):556-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069199
Brew BJ; Bhalla RB; Paul M; Gallardo H; McArthur JC; Schwartz MK; Price RW; Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, NY.
We evaluated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of neopterin, a putative marker of activated macrophages, in 97 subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 who had a spectrum of neurological complications. The highest CSF neopterin concentrations occurred in those with neurological opportunistic i
Ann Neurol. 1990 Oct;28(4):574-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069202
Oksenberg JR; Mantegazza R; Sakai K; Bernard CC; Steinman L; Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine,; CA.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I) was recently reported to be etiologically associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Genomic DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes and brain plaques of patients with MS was analyzed for the presence of sequences homologous to the HTLV-I pol gene using the polymerase chain reactio
Ann Neurol. 1990 Oct;28(4):579-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069204
Chad DA; Smith TW; Blumenfeld A; Fairchild PG; DeGirolami U; Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical; Center, Worcester 01655.
In a patient with acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS) and muscle weakness, a muscle biopsy specimen disclosed degeneration of muscle fibers, regeneration, and focal endomysial mononuclear inflammation. A conspicuous feature was the presence of perivascular macrophages within the endomysium that showed po
Sheibani K; Ben-Ezra J; Swartz WG; Rossi J; Kezirian J; Koo CH; Winberg CD; James Irvine Center for the Study of Leukemias and Lymphomas,; Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center,; Duarte, CA 91010.
There is a significantly increased incidence of malignant lymphoma in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The lymphomas are usually of a high grade and of B-cell phenotype. While the frequent presence of reactive monocytoid B lymphocytes in patients with AIDS-related lymphadenopathy has recently b
Schwartz DA; Ogden PO; Blumberg HM; Honig E; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, Ga.
Malakoplakia is an unusual inflammatory condition characterized histopathologically by accumulations of benign macrophages, or von Hansemann s cells, that are associated with diagnostic intracellular and extracellular calcospherites, termed Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. Currently believed to represent an acquired defect o
Schielke E; Tatsch K; Pfister HW; Trenkwalder C; Leinsinger G; Kirsch CM; Matuschke A; Einhaupl KM; Department of Neurology, Klinikum Grosshadern, University of; Munich Federal Republic of Germany.
In order to determine if brain perfusion abnormalities, which are known in patients with acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome dementia , occur in early stages of human immunodeficiency virus infection, technetium 99m hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime-single-photon emission computed tomog
Kirchhoff F; Jentsch KD; Stuke A; Mous J; Hunsmann G; German Primate Center, Department of Virology and Immunology,; Gottingen.
The complete nucleotide sequence of an HIV-2 isolate derived from a German AIDS patient with predominantly neurological symptoms is reported. The HIV-2BEN sequence is highly divergent from those of previously described HIV-2 and SIV strains. Evolutionary tree analysis of eight HIV-2 sequences reveals the existence of
De Cock KM; Porter A; Kouadio J; Maran M; Gnaore E; Adjorlolo G; Lafontaine MF; Bretton G; Damet GM; Odehouri K; et al; Division of HIV/AIDS, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for; Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
To identify cost-effective testing strategies for HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections, we evaluated different combinations of tests on serum specimens from 1134 consecutive patients attending tuberculosis treatment centers in Abidjan, Cote d lvoire. Virus-specific whole-virus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (WVE), Western bl
Hassig SE; Perriens J; Baende E; Kahotwa M; Bishagara K; Kinkela N; Kapita B; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
In a prospective study of adult admissions to the Department of Internal Medicine at Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire in late 1988, 129 women and 122 men were screened for HIV infection. Fifty per cent were found to be seropositive, with half of the seropositives meeting the
Rapkin AJ; Erickson PI; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UCLA Medical Center; 90024.
Risk factors for AIDS, contraceptive use, seroprevalence of HIV, and level of knowledge before and after an AIDS education session were assessed for 657 clients attending a family planning clinic in Los Angeles, USA. History of a partner who was bisexual, an intravenous drug user, or a blood transfusion recipient were
Hays RB; Kegeles SM; Coates TJ; Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of General Internal; Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0886.
Previous research has shown younger age to be correlated with greater HIV sexual risk-taking among gay men. The purpose of this study was to identify variables associated with HIV risk-taking among younger gay men. Ninety-nine gay men aged 18-25 in three medium-sized West Coast communities completed self-report questi
Hassig SE; Kinkela N; Nsa W; Kamenga M; Ndilu M; Francis H; Ryder RW; Projet SIDA, Department of Public Health, Kinshasa, Zaire.
Complete obstetrical and medical histories were obtained from 6312 women between the ages of 15 and 45 years who had undergone HIV serological tests. Individual factors were examined for sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of HIV infection. No individual risk factors for HIV infection were identifie
Lyman WD; Kress Y; Kure K; Rashbaum WK; Rubinstein A; Soeiro R; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York 10461.
Neurological disease is a common finding in children with AIDS and in others without signs of disease but with evidence of congenital HIV-1 infection. To investigate the possibility that HIV-1 can infect fetal central nervous system (CNS) tissue and therefore possibly serve as the substrate for the abnormal neurodevel
Taylor JM; Munoz A; Kingsley LA; Chmiel JS; Saah AJ; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University; of California, Los Angeles 90024.
Two rough methods are given to estimate the combined HIV prevalence in Los Angeles, New York and San Francisco in homosexual men. Both methods are related to the back calculation technique, and use AIDS surveillance data and information obtained from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Both methods suggest that the com
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1163-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069613
Squinto SP; Mondal D; Block AL; Prakash O; Department of Biochemistry, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans; 70119.
Infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is followed in many cases by a clinically quiescent or latent phase that appears to continue as long as host antiviral defense is intact. This has raised the possibility that certain host susceptibility factors (i.e., environmental cofactors) might influence the progress
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1177-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069615
Asjo B; Sharma UK; Morfeldt-Manson L; Magnusson A; Barkhem T; Albert J; Olausson E; Von Gegerfelt A; Lind B; Biberfeld P; et al; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) has been studied by in situ hybridization using the riboprobe BH10-R3 from HTLV-IIIB. Two series of isolates were tested: (a) 20 isolates from individuals with varying severity of HIV-1 infection and (b) se
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1193-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069617
Gupta P; Enrico A; Armstrong J; Doerr M; Ho M; Rinaldo C; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate; School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh School of; Medicine, PA 15261.
A simple semiquantitative microassay was developed for the measurement of relative number of infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The assay is based on cocultivation of serially diluted PBMC of a seropositive person with phytohemagglutini
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1203-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069619
Fife D; Crane GL; Bishburg E; Division of Research, Policy and Planning, New Jersey Department; of Health, Newark.
To determine whether populations with high cumulative incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) experienced increased deaths from sepsis, central nervous system abscess, or endocarditis, New Jersey AIDS patients were grouped according to their age, sex, race, and residence-specific cumulative incidence of
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1209-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069620
Kirsh R; Hart TK; Ellens H; Miller J; Petteway SA Jr; Lambert DM; Leary J; Bugelski PJ; Department of Drug Delivery, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals,; King of Prussia, PA 19406.
Can J Microbiol. 1990 Oct;36(10):676-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91070375
Tagger S; Truffaut N; Le Petit J; Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Faculte des sciences et techniques; de Saint-Jerome, Marseille, France.
Two bacterial strains were isolated from a bacterial community formed of nine strains, selected from a marine sediment on a seawater medium with naphthalene as sole carbon source. The two strains studied in the present work were the only strains of this community able to grow in pure culture on naphthalene; therefore,
East Afr Med J. 1990 Sep;67(9):650-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91071125
Burans JP; McCarthy M; el Tayeb SM; el Tigani A; George J; Abu-Elyazeed R; Woody JN; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt.
During October, 1987, 593 sera were collected from risk groups in Sudan s only major deepwater port, Port Sudan. The risk groups included prostitutes, lorry drivers and prisoners. A large proportion of the study participants practised high risk behaviour which included sexual promiscuity, medical treatment by injectio
Peripheral blood monocytes from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals or AIDS-related complex/AIDS patients ex vivo exhibit distinct alterations in some but not all immune functions. In studies presented here, monocytes from healthy donors were infected with HIV 1 in vitro and co-cultures with autolo
To estimate the prevalence of HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV-I among female prostitutes, and to identify possible risk factors for HIV transmission in this collective, sera and epidemiological information from 71 prostitutes were obtained. Using the local network of a well-defined area in southern Catalonia, all prostitution b
Thirty-nine HIV-negative men, without apparent genital warts, were evaluated for evidence of subclinical genital condylomata by visual examination of the genitalia with colposcopy after the application of 5% acetic acid. 24 patients (group I) had a history of recurrent genital condylomata; 8 (group II) were sexual par
Bottoni U; Carlesimo S; Innocenzi D; Indelicato V; Pagliarini S; Istituto di Clinica Dermatologica, Universita degli Studi La; Sapienza di Roma.
The Authors report the case of a young man with urethritis, conjunctivitis and oligoarticular arthritis. These symptoms are characteristic of Reiter s syndrome. Our patient also presented an inversion of CD4/CD8 ratio but the number and the activity of natural killer cells were normal and the research for HIV was nega
Donofrio P; Boscaino A; Chirianni A; Tullio Cataldo P; Clinica Dermatologica, II Facolta di Medicina, Universita degli; Studi di Napoli.
We report our experience of oral hairy leukoplakia in HIV seropositive patients. Etiopathogenesis and relationship between oral hairy leukoplakia and HIV infection are briefly discussed, as well as its prognostic value.
Shufman EN; Engelhard D; Bar-El CY; Morag A; Jerusalem Institute for Drug Problems, Israel.
Intravenous drug abuse is a principal factor in the spread of AIDS. In contrast to many countries in the Western world, most of the heroin addicts in Israel do not inject. This study attempts to clarify the link between the pattern of drug abuse and seroprevalence for human immunod
Barratt CL; Bolton AE; Cooke ID; Harris Birthright Centre for Reproductive Medicine, University; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessop Hospital for; Women, Sheffield, UK.
The functional significance of white blood cells in the modulation of an anti-sperm antibody response, prevention of infection (including HIV) sperm transport/storage and sperm function is extensively discussed. A critical review of the existing literature is presented with future experimental lines of investigation o
Denning DW; Stevens DA; Hamilton JR; Department of Pathology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San; Jose, California.
Growth of Cryptococcus neoformans from the sputum of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome may be obscured by oral contamination with Candida albicans on conventional media. We prospectively compared direct plating of sputum and urine onto birdseed agar and compared birdseed agar plating with plating onto M
Swanson JM; Chenitz C; Zalar M; Stoll P; Samuel Merritt College, Oakland, CA.
This article reviews the research literature related to nurses knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) concerning acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and care of people with AIDs (PWAs). Areas reviewed included the following: (1) KAP studies of health professi
Edelstein MC; Kruithoff C; Brothman L; Veeck LL; Alexander NJ; Muasher SJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical; School, Norfolk 23507.
Between September 1987 and August 1989, all patients and their spouses entering our in vitro fertilization (IVF) program were screened for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Of 848 patients and 848 spouses tested, all but 4 patients and 1 husband tested negative
Gill PS; Rarick MU; Bernstein-Singer M; Espina BM; Jones B; Montgomery T; Sharma D; Rasheed S; Levine AM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Southern; California School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
A prospective phase I clinical trial with recombinant interferon-alpha-2b as maintenance therapy after cytotoxic chemotherapy was conducted. Twenty-one homosexual and bisexual males with extensive mucocutaneous or visceral epidemic acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) were studied. After a c
We have developed a novel method for the expression and purification of p27, the major core protein of simian immunodeficiency virus. Circular dichroism measurements of purified p27 were used to determine the relative amounts of alpha-helix, beta-sheet and unordered secondary structural elements. These empirically det
Wester RC; Maibach HI; Bucks DA; McMaster J; Mobayen M; Sarason R; Moore A; Department of Dermatology, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0989.
Knowledge of the entry of polychlorinated biphenyls through the skin into the body and subsequent disposition aids estimation of potential for human health hazard. [14C]Aroclor 1242 and [14C]Aroclor 1254 were separately administered intravenously and topically to rhesus monkeys. Following iv administration, 30-d excre
Taylor CC; C.G. Woodson Institute, Charlottesville, VA 22903.
While condoms are readily available in the urban centers of Rwanda , where the AIDS epidemic has ranged most intensely, researchers report that women are reluctant to have their partners use them. When asked to explain their reluctance, these women express the fear (along with other
Earickson RJ; Department of Geography, University of Maryland, Baltimore County; 21228.
This paper expands on Jonathan Mann s third wave of the AIDS pandemic: the epidemic of economic, social, political, and cultural reaction and response to the HIV infection and to AIDS. This worldwide epidemic is a major economic challenge, especially in Third World countries, which can ill afford additional health car
Swed Dent J. 1990;14(3):137-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91075330
Hellgren K; Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of; Lund, Malmo, Sweden.
This study among 191 public and private dentists in the Malmohus County of southern Sweden showed that 77% of the community dentists (n = 167) and 54% of the private dentists (n = 24) used gloves regularly as infection precaution during extraction. For surgery these figures were 90
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1990 Oct 20;110(25):3225-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91075378
Magnus P; Stigum H; Gronnesby JK; Bakketeig LS; Nilsen O; Lystad A; Seksjon for epidermiologi, Statens institut for folkehelse, Oslo.
Using a mathematical model, the extent of heterosexual HIV-infection in the years 1987-2000 is assessed on the basis of population-based data on sexual behaviour and data from the surveillance system for HIV-infections. The most probable prognosis give about 200 new cases of heterosexual HIV-infection per year at the
A total of 115 women were found to be HIV-antibody positive during the period January 1985 to September 1988 in the three large hospitals in Copenhagen. Thirty-five women (31%) had been infected heterosexually, 63 (55%) were intravenous drug addicts, 12 (10%) had been infected by transfusion and in five (4%) the mode
The most important rheumatologic manifestations associated with infection with human immunodeficiency virus are described. Among arthritides, Reiter s syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, and some forms of reactive arthritis are the most common. Arthralgias are also relatively frequent. Manifestations of polymyositis, vascu
Krejsek J; Fixa B; II. katedra internich oboru, farmakologie a lekarske; biochemie LF UK v Hradci Kralove.
The prerequisite of effective infection with the virus of human immunodeficiency (HIV) are the interaction between the CD4 complex of the susceptible cell and outer glycoproteins of the virus. The CD4 complex is found above all on the sub-population of helper inducer T lymphocytes and cells of the monocyto-macrophage
The results of serologic survey of 4118 residents of the USSR Far East from 16 to 82 years of age and 1037 blood donors for antibody to HTLV-I by the method of passive agglutination of gelatin particles coated with viral proteins are summarized. The portion of HTLV-1 seropositive subjects in the Khabarovsk Territory w
Finfer MD; Gallo L; Perchick A; Schinella RA; Burstein DE; Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New; York 10016.
Cystic benign lymphoepithelial lesion (BLL), a previously rare lesion of the parotid gland consisting of marked lymphoid hyperplasia with accompanying squamous-lined cysts, has recently been described in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS risk factors. Thirteen fine needle aspiration
Zaharopoulos P; Wong JY; Wen JW; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch,; Galveston 77550.
The hand mirror (HM) cell phenomenon, which usually affects pathologic cells of lymphoid tissue in bone marrow, especially in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), was seen in B-cell lymphoma cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It was subsequently detected not only in the bone marrow, but also in extramedullary sites of
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1990;141(5):464-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91076413
Lafeuillade A; Delbeke E; Benderitter T; Dhiver C; Gastaut JA; Chaffanjon P; Quilichini R; Service de Medecine Interne et Hematologie, Hopital Chalucet,; Toulon.
We report 3 cases of intestinal spirochetosis in homosexuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (2 group III and 1 group IV C1, according to the Centers for Disease Control classification) presenting with moderate, chronic diarrhea. The diagnosis was made based on the histological examination of colorectal
Pulmonary toxoplasmosis in AIDS is rare. Its frequency is estimated to be between 0.2 and 3.7% but is probably underestimated; however, it is lower than that of neurotoxoplasmosis and is rarely identified prior to autopsy. We describe herein 3 cases diagnosed in living patients. The clinical presentation is usually se
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1990;141(5):472-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91076415
Chakroun M; Meyohas MC; Pelosse B; Zazoun L; Vacherot B; Derouin F; Leport C; Groupe Hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris.
Since 1983, we have seen 11 cases of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis in patients with AIDS. Ocular toxoplasmosis appears to be a growing concern in AIDS: 3.3% in 1983, 6.1% in 1988 and 5.9% during the first trimester of 1989. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody titers in the aqueous humour were not conclusive, therefore the
Houn HY; Pappas AA; Walker EM Jr; Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical; Sciences.
There has been a recent notable increase in the number of patients in the United States seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and also an increase in the number of otherwise healthy homosexuals with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL). Lymphoid tissue appears
Glassman AB; Sherrill T; Paolini J; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical; University of South Carolina, Charleston 25514.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Western Blot (WB) tests are used as an aid in the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS) and related disorders. The object of this study is to examine and compare the results of four commercially available HIV WB methods. Sera from 974 persons were tested by f
Balzarini J; Naesens L; Robins MJ; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Catholic University of; Leuven, Belgium.
2 ,3 -Dideoxyinosine (DDI) and 2 ,3 -dideoxy-2,6-diaminopurine riboside (ddDAPR) are potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in MT-4 cells. They are also inhibitory to the transformation of C3H/3T3 cells by Moloney murine sarcoma virus (MSV). In vivo, they are only marginally
Sandborg CI; Berman MA; Imfeld KL; Cesario TC; Zaldivar F Jr; Department of Medicine, California College of Medicine,; University of California, Irvine 92717.
Previous studies demonstrated that cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with AIDS produce high levels of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and a 7-kDa T-cell inhibitory monokine (TCIM). To determine if the increase in the production of these cytokines corresponded with disease activity, we studied the p
Balfe P; Simmonds P; Ludlam CA; Bishop JO; Brown AJ; Department of Genetics, University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
Direct sequencing of segments of the envelope gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviruses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells has revealed that a cohort of hemophiliacs who were infected after exposure to a single common batch of factor VIII share closely related virus strains. Seventy-four sequences exte
Cancer Nurs. 1990 Oct;13(5):269-77. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91059341
Shay LE; Thomas RV; Wyvill KM; Adamo DO; Jenkins JF; Medicine Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
2 ,3 -Dideoxyinosine (ddI) is a dideoxynucleoside currently in Phase I, II, and III trials for antiretroviral therapy. It has been shown to cause objective and subjective improvement in people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC). This drug, as with any drug, is not without tox
Judson FN; Denver General Hospital, University of Colorado School of; Medicine.
Long used as a public health tool for controlling sexually transmitted diseases, partner notification has been underutilized against HIV infection. Why? Issues of confidentiality, cost-effectiveness, and clinical benefit are involved. The validity of these concerns is addressed in a review of recent experience in Colo
JPMA J Pak Med Assoc. 1990 Sep;40(9):216-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061341
Anwer F; Afzal N; Zaidi S; Sultana I; National AIDS Centre, National Institute of Health, Islamabad.
We evaluated 550 serum samples with four commercially available enzyme immunoassays and Western Blot was used as the confirmatory test for antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The Wellcozyme (Wellcome), Flow HIV-TEK G, and Behring test kits identified all 50 Western Blot positive samples correctly, w
Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;74(6):1353-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061526
Judson FN; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences; Center, Denver.
During a 10-year period from 1976 to 1985, N. gonorrhoeae demonstrated remarkable genetic resiliency in developing clinically important antimicrobial resistance through a variety of chromosomal mutations and by acquiring either entire plasmids or resistance determinants on plasmids from other species. Gonococcal resis
Ivey-Hoyle M; Rosenberg M; Department of Gene Expression Sciences, SmithKline Beecham; Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) structural proteins in mammalian cells is regulated posttranscriptionally by the viral Rev protein. Rev has been shown to trans-activate expression by relieving the nuclear sequestration of RNAs containing viral gag or env coding regions. We have studied the effects
Med Clin (Barc). 1990 Jun 16;95(3):81-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91066610
Teruel JL; Fernandez Munoz R; Gamez C; Marcen R; Celma ML; Liano F; Ortuno J; Servicio de Nefrologia, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid.
The prevalence of hepatitis C infection was evaluated (Ortho HCV Antibody ELISA Test) in 64 patients with chronic renal failure treated in a single hemodialysis unit. None of these patients was a carrier of hepatitis B virus nor of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus. Antibodies against hepatitis C virus w
S Afr Med J. 1990 Dec 1;78(11):653-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068134
Cohn RJ; MacPhail AP; Hartman E; Schwyzer R; Sher R; Department of Paediatrics, Johannesburg Hospital.
Tests were carried out on 198 patients with inherited coagulation disorders attending haemophilia clinics of Johannesburg and Baragwanath Hospitals for the prevalence of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This cohort of patients has been treated with locally produced (South African) blood products f
Williams IG; Gabriel G; Kelly G; Loveday C; Tedder RS; Weller IV; Academic Department of Genitourinary Medicine, University College; and Middlesex Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK.
In an open study of the treatment of patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC) and AIDS with zidovudine, we evaluated the response of serum p24 antigen (p24Ag) and antibody to p24Ag (anti-p24) levels. Before treatment, serum from 49 out of 73 (67%) patients was p24Ag-positive, and of these patients 42 received zidovudi
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1169-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069614
Ehrlich LS; Krausslich HG; Wimmer E; Carter CA; Department of Microbiology, State University of New York Stony; Brook 11794.
Capsid protein (p24;CA) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was synthesized in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) using a plasmid encoding a truncated HIV-1 gag/pol gene. The plasmid, which contained a mutation in the frameshift region, expressed viral proteinase (PR), a pol gene product, in the gag reading
Goldstein E; Donovan RM; Dickover R; Division of Infectious and Immunologic Diseases, School of; Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Detailed knowledge of the structure of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) triggered a rapid development of methods for diagnosing the infection. The enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) determining the presence of antibodies to the protein components of the virus in toto is highly sensitive and provides thu
Hardy CT; Damrow TA; Kenny GE; Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle; 98195.
The human serum antibody response to polypeptides of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was quantitated by reflectance densitometry of Western immunoblots by using two commercially available blotting systems. In one system, human antibodies were detected by an avidin-biotin method using peroxidase as the labe
Zambon JJ; Reynolds HS; Genco RJ; Department of Periodontology, State University of New York,; School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo 14214.
Two unique forms of periodontal disease, HIV-gingivitis and HIV-periodontitis, have been described in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In order to determine the bacterial species associated with periodontitis in AIDS patients, the predominant cultivable microflora was examined in 21 subgingival
Flowers CH; Mafee MF; Crowell R; Raofi B; Arnold P; Dobben G; Wycliffe N; Department of Radiology, University of Illinois, Chicago 60680.
The presence and extent of encephalopathy were evaluated in 47 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) by the use of MR imaging. Twenty-nine (62%) of the patients showed some form of white matter disease, exhibited as high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Focal white matter lesions were seen in 23 (49%
Blood. 1990 Nov 15;76(10):1997-2004. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91055098
Srivastava A; Bruno E; Briddell R; Cooper R; Srivastava C; van Besien K; Hoffman R; Department of Medicine, Walther Oncology Center, Indiana; University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5120.
Parvovirus B19 infection leads to transient aplastic crises in individuals with chronic hemolytic anemias or immunodeficiency states. An additional unexplained sequela of B19 infection is thrombocytopenia. Because B19 is known to have a remarkable tropism for human erythropoietic elements, and is not known to replicat
Hart R; Classen M; IInd Medical Department, Technical University Munich, F.R.G.
Undesired side effects and complications of gastrointestinal endoscopy and premedication are rare events. However, this is true only of endoscopic units with experienced investigators, modern equipment and monitoring. The complication rate of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is about 0.1% with cardiopulmonary events p
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Nov 15;172(3):1298-303. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91058572
Gan YX; Weaver JL; Pine PS; Zoon KC; Aszalos A; Division of Cytokine Biology and Research, Food and Drug; Administration, Bethesda, MD.
Binding of HIV to its receptor, the CD4 molecule of lymphocytes, can be prevented by chemical agents. These agents could be considered as potential anti-AIDS drugs. We have shown that aurin tricarboxylic acid (ATA, 3 microM) specifically blocks the binding of gp120, the HIV coat protein, to the CD4 molecule. We have a
J Immunol. 1990 Dec 1;145(11):3740-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91060954
Yamamoto H; Miller MD; Watkins DI; Snyder GB; Chase NE; Mazzara GP; Gritz L; Panicali DL; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, MA 01772.
The relative contributions of the effector lymphocyte responses to the AIDS virus envelope glycoprotein (env) were explored in simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac)-infected rhesus monkeys. CD8+, MHC class I-restricted, env-specific CTL were cloned from PBL of SIVmac-infected monkeys, indicating that such
Presse Med. 1990 Nov 3;19(36):1673-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062332
Molina T; Oksenhendler E; Gaulard P; D'Agay MF; Diebold J; Saimot A; Thyss A; Michiels JF; Clauvel JP; Gisselbrecht C; et al; Service d'Hematologie clinique et departement d'Immunologie,; Hopital Henri-Mondor, Creteil.
The incidence of non-Hodgkin s malignant lymphoma is known to be increased in patients who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We report here a multicentre retrospective study of 21 HIV-positive patients with non-Hodgkin s lymphoma seen between 1985 and 198
HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leucocytes and additionally serum neopterin levels were measured in 100 potential spongiosa donors. HIV antibodies were negative in all patients, whereas in 24% neopterin levels were elevated (greater than 10 nmol/l). Enhanced neopterin production is related
Presse Med. 1990 Nov 17;19(38):1747-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91067619
Janier M; Agbalika F; Lassau F; Pezin P; Ferchal F; Timsit F; Cabotin PP; Baccard M; Chevret S; Perol Y; et al; Centre Clinique et Biologique des MST, Hopital Saint-Louis,; Paris.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is, to a great extent, a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Its diffusion among the heterosexual population is still limited. STD treatment centres are particularly well organized to watch this diffusion. At the STD centre of the Saint-Louis hospital, Paris, we conducted a
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of search for intrathecally synthesized specific antibodies in cerebral toxoplasmosis. Intrathecal synthesis of antibodies was measured by calculating the immunity load coefficient (ILC) in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid. In this retrospective study th
Presse Med. 1990 Nov 17;19(38):1762-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91067623
Fraisse P; Partisani M; Lang JM; Vandevenne A; Service de Pneumologie, Hopital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg.
In patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection primary or secondary prevention of pulmonary pneumocystosis sometimes fails, resulting in atypical or extrarespiratory pneumocystosis. From the series found in the literature and from our own experience, it appears that such failures depend on the way aerosols ar
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9098-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91067654
Markovitz DM; Hannibal M; Perez VL; Gauntt C; Folks TM; Nabel GJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Internal Medicine,; University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0650.
The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) types 1 and 2 have similar genetic organization but differ significantly in nucleic acid sequence. Although infection by either agent leads to symptoms of immunodeficiency, recent studies suggest potential differences in the time course and severity of these diseases. In this
Am J Med. 1990 Dec;89(6):748-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068749
Lambert M; Zech F; De Nayer P; Jamez J; Vandercam B; Division of General Internal Medicine and Nuclear Medicine,; Saint-Luc University Hospital, Louvain Medical School, Brussels,; Belgium.
PURPOSE: In order to assess the relation of thyroid function tests to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, we determined the levels of serum thyroid hormones, serum binding proteins [thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), cortisol-binding globulin (CBG), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)], and serum tumor ne
Edelman AS; Zolla-Pazner S; Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New; York.
Proliferation of mononuclear cells from HIV-seropositive patients to B-cell mitogens was studied in the absence and presence of mixed lymphocyte culture supernatants (MLC-sup). The results show: (1) patients responses to B-cell mitogens overlap with normal responses but are, on average, consistently lower than normal
The authors stress the recent increase of tuberculosis, especially in high-risk areas and populations. They illustrate the changes the disease has undergone lately, also with reference to a case they had occasion to observe. They describe 9-month and 6-month treatment schemes as well as the drugs that can be applied i
Blood. 1990 Nov 15;76(10):1980-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91055096
Kitano K; Baldwin GC; Raines MA; Golde DW; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1678.
Monocytotropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infect mononuclear phagocytes as well as activated T cells, but do not usually infect immature human myeloid cell lines in vitro. The HL-60 promyelocytic/myeloblastic cell line and the promo
Kram HB; Shoemaker WC; Department of Surgery, Los Angeles County King/Drew Medical; Center, California 90059.
Intestinal perforation due to cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection in patients with AIDS is the most common life-threatening condition requiring emergency celiotomy in these patients. The authors describe a patient with AIDS with
Puy-Montbrun T; Ganansia R; Lemarchand N; Delechenault P; Denis J; Department of Coloproctology, Hopital Leopold Bellan, Paris,; France.
Lesions due to cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) are frequent in the immunocompromised patient. This is particularly the case in patients with AIDS, where the colon and rectum are the regions most often involved. The authors report six c
J Med Virol. 1990 Sep;32(1):1-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91056277
Thompson CH; De Zwart-Steffe RT; Biggs IM; Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Sydney, Australia.
Molluscum contagiosum lesions obtained from 75 Australian patients, 22 (29%) of whom were HIV positive, were examined by restriction endonuclease analysis and Southern blot hybridisation using radiolabelled and digoxigenin-labelled MCV DNA probes. The isolates were classified (MCV 1, 1v, 2, and 2v) on the basis of the
de Gans J; Tiessens G; Portegies P; Tutuarima JA; Troost D; Department of Neurology, Academisch Medisch Centrum Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) polyradiculomyelitis was diagnosed in 4 of 241 consecutive neurologically assessed human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV-1) seropositive patients. CMV-related neurologic disease was suspected on clinical grounds and was subsequently confir
Benoit SN; Gershy-Damet GM; Coulibaly A; Koffi K; Sangare VS; Koffi D; Houdier R; Josseran R; Guelain J; Aoussi E; et al; Institut National de Sante Publique, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire,; West Africa.
A seroepidemiological survey to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the general population of the Ivory Coast was carried out in February 1989. Sera were collected from subjects between 15 and 65 years old in urban areas (not including A
Pullen KA; Champoux JJ; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of; Washington, Seattle 98195.
The start site for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 plus strands within the polypurine tract was mapped by an in vitro analysis to the sequence 5 -ACTG....From this result, it can be inferred that integration of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 must be accompanied by the loss of two base pairs from the polypurin
Mallon R; Borkowski J; Albin R; Pepitoni S; Schwartz J; Kieff E; Department of Antiviral Chemotherapy, Schering-Plough Research,; Bloomfield, New Jersey 07003.
The Epstein-Barr virus immediate-early gene product BZLF1 transactivates the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR). The BZLF1 gene product caused an 18-fold increase in beta-galactosidase activity from an HIV-1 LTR lacZ expression vector, whereas the HIV-1 transactivator tat caused a 4
Zutter MM; Durnam DM; Hackman RC; Loughran TP Jr; Kidd PG; Ashley RL; Petersdorf EW; Martin PJ; Thomas ED; Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, Seattle, Washington.
Secondary lymphoproliferative syndromes in immunosuppressed patients have been characterized as polyclonal or monoclonal B-lineage disorders nearly always associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The authors now report three patients with a distinctly different lymphoproliferative syndrome. Two patients wit
Del Mistro A; Laverda A; Calabrese F; De Martino M; Calabri G; Cogo P; Cocchi P; D'Andrea E; De Rossi A; Giaquinto C; et al; Istituto di Oncologia, Centro Interuniversitario per la Ricerca; sul Cancro (CIRC), Universita di Padova, Italy.
Postmortem examination disclosed central nervous system non-Hodgkin s lymphoma in two children who died of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) at 6 and 14 months of age, respectively. Systemic signs of lymphoma were not present. The B-cell origin and clonality of the neoplas
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(6):519-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061305
Kalter SS; Heberling RL; Virus Reference Laboratory, WHO Collaborating Center, for; Reference and Research in Simian Viruses, San Antonio, TX.
The recent occurrence of fatal Herpesvirus simiae (B virus) infection in human subjects has again focused the attention of primatologists on this virus. B virus, however, is only one of a number of viral diseases that plays a role in primate colony management. This report is to emphasize to the primatologist a number
McCormack WM; Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health; Sciences Center, Brooklyn.
Unlike syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydial infection, which can cause serious short-term and long-term problems but are themselves curable, the viral STDs I have discussed are incurable and have worrisome long-term complications. The management of these illnesses should emphasize primary prevention, which involves the
Mendez H; Jule JE; State University of New York Health Science Center, Brooklyn.
The expanding epidemic of HIV infection in reproductive-age women, the availability of antiretroviral therapy for children, and recommendations for increased case identification activities augur a time when more and more pediatricians are going to be called on to care for HIV-exposed infants. This article outlines a c
Presse Med. 1990 Oct 20;19(34):1582-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062302
Trepo C; Courouce AM; Noel L; Hopital de l'Hotel Dieu, service d'Hepatogastroenterologie,; Lyon.
After 15 years of unsuccessful attempts, the most frequent of non-A non-B (NANB) hepatitis viruses has recently been identified and designated HCV. It is by an original and direct molecular biology approach, leading to the cloning of nucleic acids presumed to be present in an infectious plasma, that this virus could b
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8790-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062366
Gilligan K; Rajadurai P; Resnick L; Raab-Traub N; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North; Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA structure and gene expression were analyzed in tissue specimens from oral hairy leukoplakia (HLP), a mucocutaneous lesion that develops in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The structure of the terminal restriction enzyme fragments of EBV revealed that HLP is a per
Cancer. 1990 Dec 15;66(12):2557-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91064692
Su IJ; Lin KH; Chen CJ; Tien HF; Hsieh HC; Lin DT; Chen JY; Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital,; Taipei, Republic of China.
Two childhood cases are reported of peripheral T-cell lymphoma; the neoplastic cells expressed activated CD8 (T8) phenotype and contained Epstein-Barr viral (EBV) DNA. Both patients had an aggressive and rapid clinical course despite chemotherapy. Elevated titers of antibodies to EBV-viral capsid antigen (greater than
EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(12):4167-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91065349
Priel E; Showalter SD; Roberts M; Oroszlan S; Segal S; Aboud M; Blair DG; Microbiology and Immunology Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences,; Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
In the present study, we found a topoisomerase I (topo I) activity in two strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) particles. The topo I activity was located in the EIAV cores and differed from the cellular topo I in its ionic requirements and response to ATP, in
Kawabata N; Yamazaki K; Otake T; Oishi I; Minekawa Y; Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Faculty of; Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan.
Cross-linked poly(N-benzyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide) (BVP resin) was found to be very efficient in removing pathogenic human viruses from aqueous solution. In batch removal experiments using 50 g/l of BVP resin at 35 degrees C, the level of infectivity in suspensions of enterovirus, herpes simplex virus, poliovirus,
Int Ophthalmol. 1990 Oct;14(5-6):359-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91065771
Martenet AC; Eye Clinic, University Hospital, Zurich.
Presentation of 5 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and unusual ocular complications. The first case appears as a non-specific, intermediate uveitis, the others as complications due to various infectious agents.
South Med J. 1990 Dec;83(12):1480-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068058
de Mayolo JA; Temple JD; Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33136.
Infection by parvovirus B19 is common and may become chronic if the patient is immunocompromised, leading to persistent erythroid hypoplasia. Parvovirus should be added to the list of pathogens that can complicate the course of HIV infection and should be considered in the evaluation of severe anemia or red cell aplas
Moore RM Jr; Kaczmarek RG; Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug; Administration, Rockville, MD 20852.
Health care workers are challenged by an imposing group of occupational hazards. These hazards include exposure to ionizing radiation, stress, injury, infectious agents, and chemicals. The magnitude and diversity of these hazards are not fully appreciated. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic has created ad
Peterson PK; Sharp BM; Gekker G; Portoghese PS; Sannerud K; Balfour HH Jr; Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center,; Minneapolis, MN 55415.
Because morphine has been shown to alter the function of human T lymphocytes and monocytes, we postulated that morphine would promote the growth of HIV-1 in these cells. To test this hypothesis, a coculture assay was used consisting of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from n
BMJ. 1990 Nov 17;301(6761):1130-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91070100
Tor J; Llibre JM; Carbonell M; Muga R; Ribera A; Soriano V; Clotet B; Sabria M; Foz M; Infectious Diseases Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital,; Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the extent of transmission of hepatitis C virus in sexual partners of intravenous drug misusers and to examine the relation between the prevalences of HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus infections in homosexual men and intravenous drug misusers and their sexual partners. DESIGN--Seru
Kitchen VS; Helbert M; Francis ND; Logan RP; Lewis FA; Boylston AW; Pinching AJ; Harris JR; Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, St Mary's Hospital,; London.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated ulceration has not previously been included in the differential diagnosis of oesophageal ulcers in AIDS. We report five cases of oesophageal ulceration in homosexual men with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection in whom this was considered to be the most likely cause. DNA
Med Hypotheses. 1990 Sep;33(1):57-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91074050
Falkenbach A; Klauke S; Althoff PH; Centre of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, FRG.
The AIDS dementia complex and peripheral neuropathy in AIDS are considered to be direct or indirect manifestations of HIV infection, yet the pathogenesis in unclear. There are parallels between AIDS and Tangier disease clinically a
Antle CM; White VA; Horsman DE; Rootman J; Department of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, British; Columbia, Canada.
Despite the protean ocular manifestations of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), orbital involvement is rare and only one previous case of orbital non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) has been documented. We report a second case of NHL (large cell) of the orbit in a 28-year-old pat
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1990;141(5):459-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91076412
Astagneau P; Michon C; Marche C; Simonpoli AM; Girard PM; Kernbaum S; Coulaud JP; Saimot AG; Service de Pathologie Infectieuse et Tropicale, Hopital; Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris.
In order to determine the extent of liver abnormalities occurring during acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, the available histological analyses of liver samples (32 biopsies, 52 autopsies) from 71 AIDS patients, for the period 1982-1986, were studied retrospectively. Hepatomegaly was the most common clinical symptom
Lane HC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; 20892.
From the initial clinical descriptions of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1981 to the present time, much has been discovered concerning the epidemiologic factors, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of this disease. Recent advances in epidemiology have included a better understanding of the occupat
J Immunol. 1990 Dec 1;145(11):3699-705. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91060948
Hofmann B; Nishanian P; Baldwin RL; Insixiengmay P; Nel A; Fahey JL; Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Immunology and Disease; (CIRID), UCLA School of Medicine.
Mechanisms accounting for HIV-associated suppression of lymphocyte proliferation were investigated. In previous work we demonstrated that purified and inactivated HIV-suppressed lymphoid cell proliferation. In this report we used an inactivated preparation of HIV obtained from infected CEM cells grown in serum free me
Paauw DS; O'Neill JF; Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine,; University of Washington, Seattle.
As the scope and size of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic grows, the primary care physician will need to assume a greater role. A knowledge of HIV risk factors and the ability to perform pretest and posttest counseling for HIV testing is essential. Counseling patients on HIV risk reduction should be par
Coyne BA; Landers DV; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,; University of California, San Francisco.
HIV infection may impair a large portion of the human immune response. Infection of CD4+ T cells results in depletion of this population, leading to dysfunction of T-cell-dependent activities. Numerous other immune functions are directly or indirectly impaired, including the function of CD8+ T cells and decreases in t
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):9052-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062418
Bowman MR; MacFerrin KD; Schreiber SL; Burakoff SJ; Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115.
The human CD4 molecule binds both human immunodeficiency virus envelope protein gp120 and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. We have studied a series of mutants in the region of amino acids 42-49 of CD4 for their ability to bind gp120, to interact with class II MHC, to enhance T-cell activation
Goldschmidt RH; Dong BJ; Saba GW; DeRemer PA; Legg JJ; Family Practice Residency Program, San Francisco General; Hospital, CA 94110.
Major scientific and clinical breakthroughs in HIV disease are rarely saved for the International Conference on AIDS. Nevertheless, this conference provides an opportunity for experts, providers, and patients to gain new information, exchange ideas, and assess progress. The Conference is also a public forum for politi
BMJ. 1990 Oct 27;301(6758):956-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91064454
Cuthbert RJ; Ludlam CA; Tucker J; Steel CM; Beatson D; Rebus S; Peutherer JF; Department of Haematology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh.
OBJECTIVE--To identify measures of immune state that reflect the course of HIV related disease in order to predict deterioration of symptoms and assess response to treatment. DESIGN--Five year longitudinal clinical and laboratory study. SETTING--Regional haemophilia centre, university virology laboratory, and Medical
Lane HC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
The occurrence of unusual infections, in particular Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the rare neoplasm Kaposi s sarcoma, in previously healthy homosexual men in the late 1970s heralded the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus infection, the most severe form of which is the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Glineur C; Zenke M; Beug H; Ghysdael J; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U; 186, Institut Pasteur, Lille, France.
The v-erbA oncogene of avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV) encodes a ligand-independent mutated version of the chicken c-erbA alpha-encoded thyroid hormone receptor. The v-erbA gene product, a 75-kD gag/v-erbA fusion protein, is phosphorylated on Ser-16/17 of its v-erbA-encoded domain, and phosphorylation at this site
Lancet. 1990 Dec 15;336(8729):1469-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91066650
Simmonds P; Zhang LQ; Watson HG; Rebus S; Ferguson ED; Balfe P; Leadbetter GH; Yap PL; Peutherer JF; Ludlam CA; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh, UK.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected specific hepatitis C viral (HCV) RNA sequences in plasma from 15 of 21 haemophiliacs (12 HCV-antibody positive) and 7 of 27 intravenous drug users (13 HCV-antibody positive). Quantification of RNA-positive samples showed high levels of HCV (10(5) to 10(6) copies of RNA/ml)
On November 29, 19898, the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) issued recommendations to screen all whole blood donations in the United States for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1). This report summarizes results of the first 13 months of scree
Am J Med. 1990 Dec;89(6):706-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068743
MacDonell KB; Chmiel JS; Poggensee L; Wu S; Phair JP; Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, Illinois 60611.
PURPOSE: To investigate the combined usefulness of CD4 lymphocyte counts and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p24 antigen in predicting progression to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: CD4 lymphocyte counts and HIV-1 p24 antigen status were evaluated over a 4-year period i
Klein A; Mercure L; Gordon P; Bruser B; Ramcharitar S; Malkin A; Wainberg MA; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sunnybrook Medical Center,; University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Elevations in the levels of unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) in membrane lipids lead to an increase in cell membrane fluidity and may also be involved in cell fusion and death through the loss of normal membrane function and integrity. Since the infection of susceptible cells with HIV leads to cell fusion and subsequent
Morgan G; Wilkins HA; Pepin J; Jobe O; Brewster D; Whittle H; Medical Research Council Laboratories, Gambia, West Africa.
Mother-to-child infection with HIV-2 is thought to be rare, and there have been few previous reports of transmission by this route. Reports of morbidity associated with HIV-2 infection in children are also rare. We describe eight children born to mothers who were infected with HIV-2; five developed AIDS, and three wer
Cancer Res. 1990 Dec 1;50(23):7682-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91070521
Kubonishi I; Sonobe H; Miyagi T; Iwahara Y; Ohyashiki JH; Ohyashiki K; Toyama K; Ohtsuki Y; Miyoshi I; Department of Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Japan.
A new human lymphoma cell line, designated DL-40, was established from the peripheral blood of a 64-year-old woman with leukemic conversion of aggressive large cell lymphoma. The cell line grew in suspension with or without forming clumps of cells and exhibited large, round, or multiple nuclei in the relatively abunda
Kido H; Fukutomi A; Katunuma N; Division of Enzyme Chemistry, University of Tokushima, Japan.
A novel membrane-bound serine esterase, named tryptase TL2, which is immunologically reactive with the antibody inhibiting induction of syncytia by human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) (Hattori, T., Koito, A., Takatsuki, K., Kido, H., and Kutunuma, N. (1989) FEBS Lett., 248, 48-52), has been purified from a human T4
Cefai D; Debre P; Kaczorek M; Idziorek T; Autran B; Bismuth G; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Group; Hospitalier (GH) Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
The interference of the recombinant HIV-1 glycoproteins gp160 and gp120 with the CD3/T cell antigen receptor (TcR)-mediated activation process has been investigated in the CD4+ diphtheria toxoid-specific human P28D T cell clone. Both glycoproteins clearly inhibit the T cell proliferation induced in an antigen-presenti
Lancet. 1990 Dec 22-29;336(8730):1533-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91073926
Meytes D; Schochat B; Lee H; Nadel G; Sidi Y; Cerney M; Swanson P; Shaklai M; Kilim Y; Elgat M; et al
To define the extent of human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV-I) infection among a group of Jewish immigrants to Israel with an increased frequency of adult T-cell leukaemia, various serological and molecular screening methods, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for a
Lancet. 1990 Dec 22-29;336(8730):1538-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91073928
Stott EJ; Chan WL; Mills KH; Page M; Taffs F; Cranage M; Greenaway P; Kitchin P; AIDS Collaborating Centre, National Institute for Biological; Standards and Control, Hertfordshire, UK.
Cynomolgus macaques were vaccinated with inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus-infected cells and Quil-A as adjuvant at 0, 4, 8, and 36 weeks or at 0, 4, 8, and 16 weeks. 2 weeks later these animals, together with a similar unvaccinated group, were challenged with 10 MID50 (50% monkey infectious doses) of a pool
This document presents conclusions and recommendations from a workshop convened to discuss national estimates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) case projections, and the proportion of HIV-infected persons with laboratory evidence of immune dysfunction. Appendices
Hansen ER; Lisby S; Baadsgaard O; Ho VC; de Villiers EM; Vejlsgaard GL; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
Human papillomavirus-induced infections may be associated with cellular immunodeficiency. However, very little is known about the dysfunctional interactions among T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and antigen-presenting cells. A 30-year-old heterosexual man with a 10-year history of persistent multiple refractory flat war
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Jan;133(1):2-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068731
Kotloff KL; Tacket CO; Clemens JD; Wasserman SS; Cowan JE; Bridwell MW; Quinn TC; Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Pediatrics,; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
To evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among undergraduate college students, the authors simultaneously conducted three types of surveillance on a large university campus (27,902 undergraduates) in the Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area: a voluntar
Am J Public Health. 1991 Jan;81(1):106-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068801
Moatti JP; Bajos N; Durbec JP; Menard C; Serrand C; National Institute for Health and Medical Research, INSERM; Research Unit on Risk Assessment and Evaluation of Prevention,; Fontenay aux Roses, France.
In September 1988, a sample of French individuals between 18 and 49 years of age, who reported more than one sexual partner in the past six months and who considered themselves heterosexuals (n = 1088), were interviewed at home about risk perception of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, sexual behavior,
Am J Public Health. 1991 Jan;81(1):15-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068807
Jamison DT; Mosley WH; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of; California, Los Angeles 90024.
Health systems in developing countries are facing major challenges in the 1990s and beyond because of a growing epidemiological diversity as a consequence of rapid economic development and declining fertility. The infectious and parasitic diseases of childhood must remain a priority at the same time the chronic diseas
Am J Public Health. 1991 Jan;81(1):53-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068813
Bertrand JT; Makani B; Hassig SE; Niwembo KL; Djunghu B; Muanda M; Chirhamolekwa C; Department of Applied Health Sciences, Tulane University, School; of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.
This study was conducted in 1988 among a random sample of 6,625 men and women of reproductive age in all 24 administrative zones of Kinshasa, the capital city of Zaire , to determine existing levels of knowledge regarding AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), sexual behavior,
Am J Public Health. 1991 Jan;81(1):59-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068814
van Haastrecht HJ; van den Hoek JA; Bardoux C; Leentvaar-Kuypers A; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
To determine if behavioral changes in intravenous drug users in Amsterdam have retarded the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) epidemic in this group in recent years, we report that: HIV-antibody seroprevalence in annual samples of injectors has been constant over the years 1986-89; HIV-antibody incidence in a cohort
Am J Public Health. 1991 Jan;81(1):79-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068818
Yelin EH; Greenblatt RM; Hollander H; McMaster JR; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
We used structured telephone interviews to determine the extent of work loss following onset of symptoms, the interval between onset of symptoms and cessation of work, and the risk factors for work loss among 193 persons with symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related illness attending the AIDS Clinic at t
Ann Intern Med. 1991 Jan 1;114(1):23-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069092
Hayward RA; Shapiro MF; University of Michigan, Schools of Medicine and Public Health,; Ann Arbor.
OBJECTIVE: To examine residents experiences in the care of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and to examine factors that may influence their attitudes about such care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire survey conducted in 1989. PARTICIPANTS: All senior internal medici
Sekigawa I; Groopmen JE; Allan JD; Ikeuchi K; Biberfield G; Takatsuki K; Byrn RA; New England Deaconess Hospital, Division of Hematology/Oncology,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
Autoantibodies to the CD4 protein, which serves as a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on the surface of target cells, were found in patients with different stages of HIV disease. Using recombinant soluble CD4 (rCD4) antigen in a enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we detected serum anti-CD4 a
Cohen JA; Miller L; Polish L; Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Health Sciences; Center, Denver.
We used an autonomic nervous system (ANS) testing battery to determine if generalized ANS dysfunction was present in five human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) patients presenting with severe orthostatic hypotension (OH). All five patients had abnormal ANS testing, which demonstrated both sympathetic and parasy
Gabuzda D; Olshevsky U; Bertani P; Haseltine WA; Sodroski J; Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115.
The gp41 transmembrane protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) contains a hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain that serves to anchor the gp120-gp41 complex on the surface of infected cells and virions. To study the requirements for membrane anchorage, conservative amino acid substitutions in three resid
Ruprecht RM; Bernard LD; Bronson R; Gama Sosa MA; Mullaney S; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Inhibitors of glycoprotein processing, such as castanospermine (1,6,7,8-tetrahydroxyoctahydroindolizine), have been shown previously to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with acceptable toxicity in cultured human cells. In prior experiments, we have tested the toxicity and antiviral efficacy of casta
Bourinbaiar AS; Phillips DM; Population Council, New York, NY 10021.
Physical contact between latent HIV-infected monocytes and epithelial cells appears to trigger rapid assembly and release of HIV into the enclosed space between donor and acceptor cells. During this process, monocytes form microvilli that intimately associate with epithelial membrane. HIVs sequestered in these sites a
Lopez-Anaya A; Unadkat JD; Schumann LA; Smith AL; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of; Washington, Seattle 98195.
Administration of zidovudine (ZDV or azidothymidine) to pregnant women with HIV infection may be of benefit to both the mother and her unborn child. Since pregnancy can have a substantial effect on the pharmacokinetics of a drug, the effect of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of ZDV (10 mg/kg, i.v. bolus) was studied
Taylor JM; Kuo JM; Detels R; Department of Biostatistics, UCLA School of Public Health; 90024-1172.
Data from a cohort study of 1,637 homosexual men in Los Angeles are used to estimate the distribution of times from HIV infection to AIDS, and to detect any changes in the distribution. We find weak, but not statistically significant, evidence that the incubation period is lengthening. When the incubation period distr
Ship JA; Wolff A; Selik RM; Clinical Investigations and Patient Care Branch, National; Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has afflicted persons of all ages, yet only recently has attention been devoted to AIDS in older persons. To examine the epidemiology of AIDS in persons greater than or equal to 50 years old in the United States , we analyzed cases reported to
Teichman JM; Lilly JD; Schmidt JD; Department of Urology, University of California, San Diego.
A 35-year-old man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex was evaluated for a persistent urethral discharge, pneumaturia and watery diarrhea. Radiographic and endoscopic procedures established the diagnosis of a rectourethral fistula. Perineal exploration and excision of the fistula revealed the pa
JAMA. 1991 Jan 9;265(2):248-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91073649
Hispanics are the fastest growing minority in the United States . Typically, they are divided into five subgroups: Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban American, Central or South American, and other Hispanics. Risk factors for morbidity and mortality vary among these subgroups. Use of
Miyazaki K; Yamaguchi K; Tohya T; Ohba T; Takatsuki K; Okamura H; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kumamoto University; Medical School, Japan.
The seroprevalence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) antibody in 6701 healthy females and 226 women with gynecologic malignancies, all living in an adult T-cell leukemia-endemic area in southwestern Japan , was investigated to determine whether HTLV-I infection was a ris
Post MJ; Berger JR; Quencer RM; Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL.
As part of a prospective multidisciplinary study of individuals seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), cranial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed on 119 HIV-seropositive subjects (95 asymptomatic, 24 symptomatic) and the results were correlated with clinical data. MR images regarded as pos
Ann Intern Med. 1991 Jan 15;114(2):119-27. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91076381
Dolin R; Graham BS; Greenberg SB; Tacket CO; Belshe RB; Midthun K; Clements ML; Gorse GJ; Horgan BW; Atmar RL; et al; University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, New; York.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombinant envelope glycoprotein (rgp 160) candidate vaccine in humans. SUBJECTS: Healthy adults (72) who were seronegative for HIV-1 were randomly assigned to one of four groups. INTERVENTIONS: The subjects were ran
Kotler DP; Tierney AR; Ferraro R; Cuff P; Wang J; Pierson RN Jr; Heymsfield SB; Department of Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center,; College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New; York, NY 10025.
The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility, tolerance, and efficacy of enteral feeding in malnourished AIDS patients. This was a prospective study of eight AIDS patients with severe eating disorders associated with systemic diseases. A defined diet was administered through an endoscopically placed gastrost
Margolick JB; Scott ER; Odaka N; Saah AJ; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins School; of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
We have previously shown that HIV-1 seropositivity is associated with an increase in the difference between the number of CD3+ lymphocytes and the total number of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes [CD3 - (CD4 + CD8)] among peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). To investigate the cellular basis of this increase, PBL from seroneg
Goldfeld AE; Birch-Limberger K; Schooley RT; Walker BD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harvard; University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
An early host defense against infection by RNA or DNA viruses is the induction, within infected cells, of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene transcription. The protein product of the TNF-alpha gene alone, or together with different types of interferons, inhibits viral propagation in diverse cell types. In th
Fischl MA; Uttamchandani RB; Resnick L; Agarwal R; Fletcher MA; Patrone-Reese J; Dearmas L; Chidekel J; McCann M; Myers M; Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine,; Florida 33101.
To determine the safety, maximum tolerated dose, and preliminary efficacy of concomitant interferon-alpha and zidovudine therapy in AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), 56 patients with biopsy-proven KS and documented human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection were enrolled into a phase I study. Interferon-alp
Schwartz DH; Skowron G; Merigan TC; AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, Stanford University Medical Center,; California.
The safety of continuous i.v. interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) in conjunction with zidovudine (ZDV) was assessed in asymptomatic patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical, immunologic, and viral parameters were monitored in a phase I/II trial with dose escalati
Lucey DR; Hensley RE; Ward WW; Butzin CA; Boswell RN; Department of Medicine, Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center,; Lackland AFB, San Antonio, Texas.
In this study, we asked whether there is a difference in the number of CD4+ and CD4- peripheral blood monocytes as CD4+ T cells decrease during HIV-mediated immunodeficiency. Monocytes and T cells from 90 HIV-positive and 43 HIV-negative persons were analyzed by flow cytometry. The 90 HIV-positive patients represented
Burns DN; Kramer A; Yellin F; Fuchs D; Wachter H; DiGioia RA; Sanchez WC; Grossman RJ; Gordin FM; Biggar RJ; et al; Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
Two hundred and two homosexual men enrolled in a prospective cohort study of AIDS risk were assessed for differences in the occurrence and progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection with respect to cigarette smoking. Among subjects who were initially seronegative, smokers were more likely tha
Parks WP; Lenes BA; Tomasulo PA; Schiff ER; Parks ES; Shaw GM; Lee H; Yan HQ; Lai S; Hollingsworth CG; et al; Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Miami.
Knowledge of the epidemiologic pattern of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) in the United States is being enlarged by blood donor screening. We tested stored sera from 29,937 donations made in South Florida in 1984-1985. Twenty-three donors were confirmed as seropositive, a prevalence
N Engl J Med. 1991 Jan 17;324(3):137-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91074238
Butler KM; Husson RN; Balis FM; Brouwers P; Eddy J; el-Amin D; Gress J; Hawkins M; Jarosinski P; Moss H; et al; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Md 20892.
BACKGROUND. 2 ,3 -Dideoxyinosine (ddl) is a dideoxynucleoside with potent activity in vitro against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In initial clinical trials in adults, ddl showed evidence of antiretroviral activity with little hematologic toxicity. METHODS. We conducted a phase I-II study in 43 children with
Reardon JE; Miller WH; Experimental Therapy Division, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
3 -Azido-3 -deoxythymidine 5 -triphosphate (AZTTP) was an efficient substrate for the human immunodeficiency virus 1 reverse transcriptase. It was incorporated into both homopolymer and defined sequence DNA-primed RNA templates and DNA-primed DNA templates. The substrate and inhibitor kinetics of both AZTTP and dTTP w
Oertle S; Spahr PF; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Geneva,; Switzerland.
Rous sarcoma virus nucleocapsid protein (NC) has been shown by site-directed mutagenesis to be involved in viral RNA packaging and in the subsequent maturation of genomic RNA in the progeny viral particles. To investigate whether NC exerts these activities as a free protein or as a domain of the polyprotein precursor
The effect of rev-responsive element deletion on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) gene expression was examined. The phenotypes of HIV-1 and HIV-2 provirus DNAs lacking the rev-responsive element, as determined by transfection experiments, were indistinguishable from those of virus DNAs ca
Shibata R; Sakai H; Kiyomasu T; Ishimoto A; Hayami M; Adachi A; Department of Viral Oncology, Kyoto University, Japan.
A series of chimeric clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus isolated from an African green monkey was constructed in vitro. In transient transfection experiments, all clones produced virion-associated reverse transcriptase, gag proteins, and env proteins. Eight out of 10 chimer
Spear GT; Sullivan BL; Landay AL; Lint TF; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush-Presbyterian-St.; Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612.
The ability of complement to inactivate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the presence of specific antibody was evaluated. HIV was treated with complement and/or antibody, and then its titer was determined on the CD4+ H9 cell line. While complement alone had no effect on the HIV titer, complement plus subneutraliz
We have investigated the roles of cytokines in the modulation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) production in chronically infected U937 cells upon in vitro differentiation by hydroxyvitamin D3. HIV-infected U937 cells exhibited markedly lower levels of CD4 and HLA-DR antigens than uninfected cells did. Vitamin D3
Werner A; Winskowsky G; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Langen, Federal Republic of Germany.
The CD4 molecule is expressed on T-helper cells and serves as the cellular receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and for the simian immunodeficiency viruses SIVmac and SIVagm. HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIVmac infectivity can be blocked by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against th
Prince HE; Jackson AL; American Red Cross Blood Services, Los Angeles, California 90006.
Dysregulated expression of the p55 interleukin 2 receptor (CD25) is characteristic of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) associated with human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection. In order to determine if similar changes characterize HTLV infection in the apparent absence of ATL, CD25 expression by peripheral blood lymphoc
Talal N; Department of Medicine, University of Texas, San Antonio.
Sjogren s syndrome is a multifactorial disease in which genetic and possibly viral factors play major roles. The recent development of an SS-like disease in patients infected with HIV-1 suggests a possible retrovirus.
Simon D; Weiss LM; Tanowitz HB; Cali A; Jones J; Wittner M; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.
Microsporida are protozoan parasites that have recently been identified as a cause of human disease in immunocompromised patients. Because of their small size, they have been recognized primarily by electron microscopy. This has limited the study of their prevalence, incidence, and association with large-volume diarrh
Werner LL; Malley A; Torres JV; Leung CY; Kwang HS; Benjamini E; University of California, School of Medicine, Department of; Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Davis.
There are at least three distinct serotypes of simian type D retrovirus (SRV) which exhibit extensive serological cross-reactivity, but no cross-reactivity exists at the level of serum neutralizing antibodies. Amino acid sequence analysis and hydrophobicity plots of SRV-1 and SRV-2 envelope proteins were compared in o
Nature. 1990 Nov 29;348(6300):411-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061881
Wang JH; Yan YW; Garrett TP; Liu JH; Rodgers DW; Garlick RL; Tarr GE; Husain Y; Reinherz EL; Harrison SC; Harvard University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular; Biology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
The structure of an N-terminal fragment of CD4 has been determined to 2.4 A resolution. It has two tightly abutting domains connected by a continuous beta strand. Both have the immunoglobulin fold, but domain 2 has a truncated beta barrel and a non-standard disulphide bond. The binding sites for monoclonal antibodies,
Nature. 1990 Dec 6;348(6301):557-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91061915
Horak ID; Popovic M; Horak EM; Lucas PJ; Gress RE; June CH; Bolen JB; Laboratory of Tumor Virus Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The T lymphocyte surface protein CD4 is an integral membrane glycoprotein noncovalently associated with the tyrosine protein kinase p56lck. In normal T cells, surface association of CD4 molecules with other CD4 molecules or other T-cell surface proteins, such as the T-cell antigen receptor, stimulates the activity of
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8889-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91062384
Ashorn P; Moss B; Weinstein JN; Chaudhary VK; FitzGerald DJ; Pastan I; Berger EA; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We have previously described a recombinant protein, designated CD4(178)-PE40, consisting of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein-binding region of human CD4 linked to the translocation and ADP-ribosylation domains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. By virtue of its affinity for gp120 (the ex
Oka T; Ohtsuki Y; Sonobe H; Furihata M; Miyoshi I; Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Japan.
The effects of human alpha-, beta-, or gamma-interferon (IFN) on the replication and production of human T-lymphotrophic virus type-I (HTLV-I) were investigated in a human T-cell line, MT-2. Virus transmission and production estimated by syncytium formation and HTLV-I-associated reverse transcriptase (RT) activity wer
Immunol Lett. 1990 Sep;25(4):359-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91065699
Chouchane L; Bringman T; Barbier S; Traincard F; Strosberg AD; Laboratoire d'Immuno-Pharmacologie Moleculaire, CNRS,; Universite Paris VII, France.
The epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody directed against the HIV-1 recombinant gp160 protein was precisely delineated by using a number of peptides comprising amino acid positions 302-330 of the protein. Two different enzymes, glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase, were then coupled to distinct antibody mol
Sugihara K; Reupke H; Schmidt-Westhausen A; Pohle HD; Gelderblom HR; Reichart PA; First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima; University Dental School, Japan.
The performance of two different EM techniques applied for the detection of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in oral hairy leukoplakia (HL) was assessed, i.e. the conventional two-step method of negative staining (CNS) and negative staining after Airfuge enrichment (ANS). Scrape specimens from the lateral borders of tongue of
Ribavirin inhibits the human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase in an in vitro reaction. Ribavirin-5 -diphosphate was close to 40% more inhibitory than ribavirin-5 -triphosphate. Unphosphorylated ribavirin had a reduced, but detectable, effect as an inhibitor, compared with the phosphorylated forms. The comp
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9373-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91067708
Carter BJ; de Vroom E; Long EC; van der Marel GA; van Boom JH; Hecht SM; Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville; 22901.
Bleomycin is an antitumor agent whose activity has long been thought to derive from its ability to degrade DNA. Recent findings suggest that cellular RNA may be a therapeutically relevant locus. At micromolar concentrations, Fe(II)-bleomycin readily cleaved a Bacillus subtilis tRNAHis precursor in a highly selective f
Science. 1990 Nov 23;250(4984):1127-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91068004
Garry RF; Fermin CD; Hart DJ; Alexander SS; Donehower LA; Luo-Zhang H; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University; School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112.
Sjogren s syndrome is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by dryness of the mouth and eyes. The loss of salivary and lacrimal gland function is accompanied by lymphocytic infiltration. Because similar symptoms and glandular pathology are observed in certain persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (H
Nixon DF; Huet S; Rothbard J; Kieny MP; Delchambre M; Thiriart C; Rizza CR; Gotch FM; McMichael AJ; Molecular Immunology Group, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington,; Oxford, UK.
The HLA-B27-restricted HIV gag cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitope, 265-279, is highly conserved amongst HIV-1 isolates, only one, HIV-1ELI, having a single amino acid substitution. Over the same region HIV-2 differs by five amino acids. As a broadly cross-protective AIDS vaccine should protect against infection from
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1149-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069611
Laurence J; Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New; York, NY 10021.
Interferons (IFN) are the prototypic biologic response modifiers. They comprise a multigene family of regulatory proteins and glycoproteins that affect a variety of cellular functions, including normal and neoplastic cell growth, immune reactivity, and host-parasite interactions. Their importance to basic cell biology
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1157-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069612
Lazdins JK; Woods-Cook K; Walker M; Alteri E; CIBA-GEIGY Limited Basel, Pharma Research Laboratories,; Switzerland.
Cultured monocyte-derived macrophages were productively infected with human immunodeficiency virus in vitro. Treatment of these cells shortly after infection and several times thereafter with the free form of MTP-PE had an inhibitory effect on virus production. When the liposomal formulation of MTP-PE was used, higher
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1183-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069616
Neurath AR; Strick N; Taylor P; Rubinstein P; Stevens CE; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, NY; 10021.
It is essential for the development of strategies for prevention and therapy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infections to define host factors playing a dominant role in determining the clinical outcome of infection. Antibodies directed against restricted regions of the HIV-1 glycoproteins gp120 and gp41 are l
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Oct;6(10):1197-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91069618
Harmenberg J; Akesson-Johansson A; Vrang L; Cox S; Department of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
The antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 of the two structurally related thymidine analogs azidothymidine and fluorothymidine, both alone and in combination, was tested. Fluorothymidine was tenfold more active than azidothymidine. The selectivity indices of the two compounds were similar. The
Matsuo K; Yamaguchi R; Yamazaki A; Tasaka H; Terasaka K; Totsuka M; Kobayashi K; Yukitake H; Yamada T; Central Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Kawasaki City,; Japan.
In order to develop recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG into a useful multivaccine vehicle, we established a foreign antigen secretion system in mycobacteria in which an extracellular alpha antigen of Mycobacterium kansasii was utilized as a carrier. By using this system, a B-cell epitope (Glu-12-Leu-Asp-Arg-Trp-Glu-L
Langedijk JP; Schalken JJ; Tersmette M; Huisman JG; Meloen RH; Central Veterinary Institute, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
Antibody-binding sites were mapped on all overlapping nonapeptides of the major core protein p24 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) using murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and sheep and rabbit polyclonal antibodies raised against HIV-1/H9 (strain IIIB) viral lysate and antibodies obtained from humans inf
de Wit R; Smit WG; Veenhof KH; Bakker PJ; Oldenburger F; Gonzalez DG; Division of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
A single radiation fraction of 800 cGy was used in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). A total of 74 radiation treatments was given to a total of 31 patients. Of all 74 evaluable treatments, there were 25 objective major responses (6 complete, 19 partial) accord
Science. 1990 Dec 7;250(4986):1411-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91075230
Merluzzi VJ; Hargrave KD; Labadia M; Grozinger K; Skoog M; Wu JC; Shih CK; Eckner K; Hattox S; Adams J; et al; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT 06877.
A series of dipyridodiazepinones have been shown to be potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT). One compound, BI-RG-587, had a Ki of 200 nanomolar for inhibition of HIV-1 RT that was noncompetitive with respect to deoxyguanosine triphosphate. BI-RG-587 was specific for HI
Penetration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into the cells of lymphoblastoid T-cell line H9 was studied using 35S-methionine-labeled virus by demonstration of virus-specific proteins in the cytoplasm of the infected cells. Purification of the virus by ultracentrifugation through 30% glycerol was shown to lead to
Federal Supplement. 1990 Jan 8 (date of decision);727:1564-1583. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/31446
Alabama prisoners challenged the constitutionality of Department of Correction s testing and segregation of AIDS carriers. They claimed that involuntary testing constituted unlawful search and seizure, that the testing and its results violated their rights to privacy and due process, and that public disclosure of the
Federal Supplement. 1990 Jan 29 (date of decision);729:376-391. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/31598
On March 25, 1987, Mrs. Doe s husband was arrested by Barrington, New Jersey, policemen, at which point he warned the police that he had AIDS. Later that day, responding to an accident involving the Doe car, police informed a neighbor that Mrs. Doe s husband had AIDS. Rumor eventually led to harassment, discriminatio
Federal Supplement. 1989 May 4 (date of decision);725:1210-1217. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/31345
After a long career in the Navy, most recently in its Canvasser Recruiter Program, plaintiff Doe tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus antibody. Despite excellent performance records and recommendations that he be continued on active reserve, the Navy released Doe from active duty on 30 September 1986.
New York Supplement, 2d Series. 1990 May 3 (date of decision);555:911-915. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/31437
After the defendant New York Commissioner of health denied a request by several medical societies that HIV infection be designated a communicable disease and a sexually transmissible disease, the plaintiffs brought this action, alleging that failure to designate the disease as such interfered with their ability to per
In: Contemporary American Reform Responsa. New York: Central Conference of American Rabbis, 1987 :23-35, 126-144. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/31673
This information is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor.