Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
Maternal-fetal transmission of SIV in macaques.
Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1990 Nov 28-30;8:33 (abstract no. 17). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM8/900017 Ochs HD; Morton WR; Zhu Q; Kuller LD; Wu YP; Thouless ME; Benveniste RE; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
Abstract:
Infants and children have become the fastest growing HIV-infected segment in the U.S. and world-wide, reflecting an increase in HIV-infected women of childbearing age. To study the mechanisms of maternal-fetal transmission and to test strategies to prevent infection of the fetus, we have developed a model of maternal-fetal transmission in macaca (M.) nemestrina using the primate lymphotropic lentivirus SIV/Mne. Three M. nemestrina were inoculated with an uncloned isolate of SIV during the last trimester of pregnancy. Two pregnant monkeys became virus and antibody positive at three weeks after inoculation and remained virus and antibody positive thereafter. One animal became virus positive two weeks after inoculation but never developed antibody to SIV; virus could be isolated in that animal from colostrum. The three animals delivered healthy full-term babies which were immediately separated from their mothers. The offspring of the two mothers that had sero-converted were initially antibody positive. One of the two infants became antibody negative at eight weeks and remained virus negative both by culture and PCR. The other offspring remained antibody positive (with decreasing titer) and by three weeks of age became virus positive both by culture and PCR. The offspring of the animal that was infected but failed to produce SIV specific antibody remains antibody and virus negative. The antibody negative mother developed clinical symptoms and low CD4 counts at two months and depressed mitogen responses at three months; she was euthanized four months after SIV/Mne inoculation. Both sero-positive mothers developed lymphadenopathy and one has intermittent diarrhea. The three infants, now six months of age, are clinically healthy and show normal growth and development. The virus positive infant has developed a mild generalized rash and lymphadenopathy. We are now examining the maternal and infant sera for neutralizing activity to determine a possible correlation with maternal-fetal transmission. Three additional pregnant females were inoculated with SIV during the first trimester. All mothers became virus positive, one aborted eighteen days after inoculation, one delivered a stillborn, and one is expected to deliver in November, 1990. These results demonstrate that in M. nemestrina, SIV can be transmitted from the mother to the fetus. The success may be due to the use of uncloned SIV/Mne, a highly pathogenic strain, or may be related to the species selected for the transmission experiments.
Keywords: Animal Antibodies, Viral/IMMUNOLOGY Colostrum/MICROBIOLOGY CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/MICROBIOLOGY Disease Models, Animal Female Leukocyte Count Macaca nemestrina *Maternal-Fetal Exchange Polymerase Chain Reaction Pregnancy Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*TRANSMISSION SIV/IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIF/*PHYSIOLOGY ABSTRACT 910730
M9170977
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
