Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
Maternal transmission of SIVsmm in rhesus macaques.
Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1990 Nov 28-30;8:34 (abstract no. 18). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM8/900018 McClure H; Anderson DC; Fultz PN; Ansari AA; Jehuda-Cohen T; Villinger F; Klumpp SA; Switzer W; Lockwood E; Brodie A; Yerkes Primate Research Center and Department of Pathology, Emory; University, Altanta, GA
Abstract:
Studies to evaluate the perinatal transmission of SIVsmm were initiated by infecting 15 timed pregnant rhesus monkeys with SIVsmm during various stages of gestation and monitoring the offspring for evidence of virus infection. Three groups of five animals were experimentally infected with SIVsmm during early (day 28-35), mid (day 71-78) and late (day 146-150) gestation. Offspring delivered by these experimentally infected macaques included two stillbirths and 13 livebirths; one liveborn infant died at three days of age. Virus cultures of tissues from the stillbirths and neonatal death were negative. The remaining infants and their mothers were evaluated within the first week of delivery and at quarterly intervals thereafter by serology and virus culture of PBMC; a milk sample was also collected from the mother at each examination for virus culture. Pokeweed mitogen assays and PCR determinations were initiated when the infants were 6 to 9 months of age. All infants were virus negative at birth; all infants in the early and mid-gestation groups and one infant in the late gestation group had low levels of maternal antibodies to SIVsmm. Maternal antibodies disappeared prior to 3 months of age in 4 of these 9 infants, and between 3 and 6 months in the other 5 infants. Two infants seroconverted at 9 and 12 months of age and virus was isolated from PBMC of one of these animals. Milk samples from all mothers were virus negative at parturition, and have remained negative in 9 animals through 9 months post-delivery; milk samples from 3 animals were virus positive at 9 months post-partum. One of the latter animals has a virus-positive infant, and both mother and infant are showing progressive disease characterized by weight loss, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, anemia and immunosuppression. Preliminary PWM assays and PCR determinations suggest that 10 of the 12 infants are SIV-infected. This study indicates that SIV infection can be transmitted from mother-to-offspring and suggests that transmission was most likely due to ingestion of virus-containing milk.
Keywords: Anemia/COMPLICATIONS Animal Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Cells, Cultured Female Macaca mulatta *Maternal-Fetal Exchange Milk/*MICROBIOLOGY Pokeweed Mitogens Polymerase Chain Reaction Pregnancy Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*TRANSMISSION Splenomegaly/COMPLICATIONS SIV/IMMUNOLOGY/*PHYSIOLOGY Virus Cultivation Weight Loss ABSTRACT 910730
M9170976
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
