Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
Transmission of SIV infection by transfusion of seronegative blood in nonhuman primates.
Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1990 Nov 28-30;8:37 (abstract no. 21). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM8/900021 Jehuda-Cohen T; Villinger F; McClure HM; Lockwood E; Powell JD; Ansari AA; Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, GA 30322
Abstract:
Our laboratory has provided several lines of evidence that document the existence of SIVsmm and HIV-1 infected vet seronegative nonhuman primates and humans, respectively. These findings prompted us to determine whether blood and blood products from such seronegative monkeys could transmit infection and disease in naive recipients. Toward this goal, 20 mls of heparinized blood from 2 such seronegative sooty mangabeys were transfused intravenously into 2 pig-tailed macaques. In addition, PBMC from the same 2 donor mangabeys were cultured in vitro for 21 days, and the supernatant fluids and cultured cells were collected and transfused intravenously into 2 other naive pigtailed macaques. All 4 recipient pig-tailed macaques were rigorously screened for SIV-reactive antibodies and for the presence of retroviruses by co-culture techniques and by analysis of their PBMC for SIV sequences, utilizing consensus sequence gag-specific primers and probes by PCR techniques. All 4 recipients were negative in these tests prior to receipt of the transfusions. Serum samples from 3 of the 4 recipients were shown to contain SIV-reactive antibodies as early as one week post transfusion. Peak titers were obtained at 2 weeks post transfusion and thereafter declined gradually to background levels. PBMC from all 4 recipients, when co-cultured with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) at regular weekly intervals and up to 20 weeks post transfusion, secreted readily detectable levels of SIV-reactive antibodies by ELISA. In addition, co-culture of PBMC from all 4 recipients with H-9 cells at weekly intervals and up to 16 weeks post transfusion resulted in supernatant fluids that showed low but significant levels of RT activity. Depletion of CD8+ cells from the PBMC of all 4 recipients prior to culture with PWM or co-culture with H-9 cells markedly enhanced the levels of SIV-reactive antibodies synthesized and markedly increased the levels of RT activity in the supernatant fluids. Finally, PCR analysis of DNA samples from PBMC of all 4 recipients post transfusion showed the presence of SIV-specific sequences which were not present in their PBMC prior to transfusion in the same assay. Clinically, 3 of the 4 recipients that seroconverted also showed enlargement of axillary and inguinal lymph nodes and spleen at 2 weeks post transfusion, coincident with the interval when their sera showed peak anti SIV-reactive titers. None of the recipients, to date, shows any other signs of immunodeficiency, and they currently have normal levels of PBMC subsets, etc. These preliminary data provide evidence for the transmission of SIV infection from seronegative yet infected mangabeys into naive pig-tailed macaques by blood and blood products. Follow-up studies will determine if these recipients develop disease.
Keywords: Animal Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Blood Transfusion/*ADVERSE EFFECTS Cells, Cultured Consensus Sequence Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Human Leukocytes, Mononuclear/DRUG EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY Macaca nemestrina Pokeweed Mitogens/PHARMACOLOGY Polymerase Chain Reaction RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/METABOLISM Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*TRANSMISSION SIV/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY/*METABOLISM T-Lymphocytes, Suppressor-Effector/IMMUNOLOGY ABSTRACT 910730
M9170973
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
