Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in SIVsmm infected macaca mulatta.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in SIVsmm infected macaca mulatta.

Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1990 Nov 28-30;8:39 (abstract no. 23). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM8/900023
Hillyer CD; Brodie AR; Ansari AA; Anderson DC; McClure HM; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Emory University,; Atlanta, Georgia

Abstract: Rhesus macaques (n=15) were infected with 10(4) TCID SIVsmm9 (documented by serologic conversion and reverse transcriptase activity). Blood counts (Sysmex CC-180) were obtained and differential counts were determined on blood smears stained with Wright-Giemsa. Direct antiglobulin tests (DAT) were done using mouse antihuman anti-IgG and complement antisera (Immucor) and confirmed with goat antimonkey anti-IgG anti-serum (Sigma). One of 15 monkeys developed severe anemia after an initial hematocrit (Hct) of 40%, MCV 70fl and normal RBC morphology. Over 2 months, the Hct was 25%, MCV 84 fl and reticulocytes 5.5% with poikilocytosis and spherocytes on blood smear. There was no response to intramuscular iron therapy. Follow up reticulocyte count was 18%, Hct 20% and MCV 80fl. Generalized lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly were present. The T4:T8 ratio was 0.53. IgG, IgM and IgA were increased. DAT showed both IgG and complement at the erythrocyte surface and cold agglutinins were noted in the saline phase. Two of 2 normal rhesus macaques (SIV negative) had negative antiglobulin tests. Prednisone treatment, 2 mg/kg, was initiated. An infant, born to the case above, was lethargic at age 12 months and had a Hct. of 16%, MCV 80 fl, 13 nRBC/100 WBC and spherocytes were noted. DAT was positive in parallel with that of the mother. Prednisone treatment, 2 mg/kg, was given. The average minimum Hct in the remainder of the cohort was 32.9 +/- 4.4% (MCV 69.8 +/- 4.8 fl). These two animals have clinical and serologic evidence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia which has not, as yet, been reported in this animal model.

Keywords: Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/COMPLICATIONS/DRUG THERAPY/ *IMMUNOLOGY Animal AIDS-Related Complex/COMPLICATIONS Blood Cell Count Blood Cells/IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY Coombs' Test Female Hematocrit Immunoglobulins/IMMUNOLOGY Iron/THERAPEUTIC USE Macaca mulatta Prednisone/PHARMACOLOGY Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS/DRUG THERAPY/*IMMUNOLOGY Splenomegaly/COMPLICATIONS SIV/*IMMUNOLOGY ABSTRACT
910730
M9170971

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