Protective responses against HIV-1 elicited by immunization of chimpanzees.

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

Protective responses against HIV-1 elicited by immunization of chimpanzees.

Symp Nonhum Primate Models AIDS. 1990 Nov 28-30;8:54 (abstract no. 38). Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE PRIM8/900038
Fultz PN; Pinter A; Nara P; Muchmore E; Kaczorek M; Girard M; University of Alabama at Birmingham

Abstract: Candidate HIV-1 vaccines, consisting of either whole inactivated virus, purified recombinant antigens (gp160env, p18gag, p27nef p23vif) or peptides conjugated to KLH, and corresponding to the V3 neutralizing epitope, were generated with the HIV-1 (LAV(BRU) strain) and used to immunize chimpanzees. Immunization resulted in HIV-specific antibodies that in vitro neutralized not only cell-free HIV but also, in some instances, transmission of virus from infected to uninfected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Three immunized chimpanzees were challenged by intravenous injection of 100 TCID50 of HIV-1 (strain IIIb). Through six months of follow-up, all three animals appeared to be protected, as evidenced by: failure to isolate virus from PBMC, bone marrow or lymph node cells (obtained by biopsy); consistently negative PCR results, including nested PCR, using PBMC and lymph node biopsy samples; and lack of an anamnestic antibody response. Because transmission of HIV probably occurs in humans via both cell-free and cell-associated virus, preliminary experiments are being performed in vitro to assess the ability of serum and PBMC from immunized chimpanzees to prevent cell-to-cell transmission by PBMC from HIV-infected chimpanzees to PBMC from normal animals. Results of limiting dilution experiments indicate that PBMC from immunized chimpanzees can suppress HIV transmission of cell-associated virus and provide a rationale for challenge with HIV-infected cells. These studies not only show that it is possible to elicit protective immune responses against HIV infection but also may lead to the identification of specific responses that provide protective immunity.

Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*IMMUNOLOGY/TRANSMISSION Animal Bone Marrow/MICROBIOLOGY Cells, Cultured Chimpansee troglodytes Epitopes Human HIV Antibodies/*BIOSYNTHESIS HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIF *Immunization Leukocytes, Mononuclear/MICROBIOLOGY Lymph Nodes/MICROBIOLOGY Neutralization Tests Recombinant Proteins/IMMUNOLOGY Viral Envelope Proteins/*IMMUNOLOGY Viral Vaccines ABSTRACT
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