(Producer) This program, with CBS Correspondent Dan Rather, deals with one of the most compelling issues of our times. Even in the American heartland, where traditional values are cherished, they are beginning to understand that AIDS is no longer a strange disease that only happens someplace else. There are AIDS vi
Naples, Fla. : HCN, c1988 1 videocassette (30 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in (The Clinical video series) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9001439A
Siegel L
(Producer) Larry Siegel emphasizes the correlation between the high-risk behaviors associated with addiction and exposure to AIDS, along with the positive benefits chemical dependency recovery offers those with AIDS. Dr. Siegel de-mystifies AIDS and HIV. He shows how health care workers and patients in treatment se
(Program) This program details equipment and techniques that should be used by officers during on-the-job calls where there is a risk of exposure to AIDS. Officers are warned against becoming complacent. The program depicts ten high-risk situations, and offers prevention solutions for each.
Santa Monica, CA : prepared for the Health Care Financing Administration, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services by Rand, [1987] xi, 52 p. : ill (A Rand note ; N-2600-HCFA) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9015583
Technology Assessment (U.S.) Rockville, MD (Rm. 18-12, Parklawn Building, Rockville 20857) : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment, [1988] 11 p (NCHSR program note) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9015273
Transmissiveis/AIDS [Brasilia, Brazil] : Ministerio da Saude, Secretaria Nacional de Programas Especiais de Saude, Divisao Nacional de Doencas Sexualmente Transmissiveis/AIDS, [1988?] 77 p. : ill (Serie Politica) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9015525
New York City, N.Y., U.S.A. (345 W. 21st St., Suite 3D, New York 10011) : G.M. Worthington, [1989], c1988 104, [34] p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9014964
Technology Assessment (U.S.) Rockville, MD (18-12 Parklawn Bldg., Rockville 20857) : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment, [1989] 7 p (NCHSR program note) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9015020
of AIDS Schaumburg, IL (475 N. Martingale Rd., Suite 800, Schaumburg 60173) : Society of Actuaries, c1989 1 v. (various pagings) : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9015572
San Francisco, Calif. (333 Valencia St., San Francisco 94101-6182) : San Francisco AIDS Foundation, c1990 31 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9014891
Berlin ; New York : Springer-Verlag, c1990 viii, 176 p. : ill (Current topics in microbiology and immunology ; 160) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9015129
Milman N; Gutteberg TJ; Department of Medicine P, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an increasing problem in the pediatric population. Beta-2-microglobulin is part of the HLA structure, being especially abundant in the lymphoid cells and the most useful nonspecific indicium of AIDS. Serum beta-2-microglobulin assayed in 271 healthy children had a geometric
Ann Ital Med Int. 1989 Apr-Jun;4(2):98-104. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91001187
Sagnelli E; Filippini P; Guarino M; Borrelli G; Aprea L; Malafronte G; Felaco FM; Piccinino F; Giusti G
Eighty-eight drug addicts from the BAN Center in Torre Annunziata (Naples) and 88 normal subjects pair-matched for age and sex were tested for IgG to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 and cytomegalovirus (
Ann Ig. 1989 Nov-Dec;1(6):1389-417. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91000626
Campanella N; Tarantini F
Kampene is a roughly 10,000 inhabitants village in Kivu, eastern region of Republic of Zaire . The equatorial rainforest in river Zaire basin surrounds it, far from the main and most crowded roads. Climate is warm and wet, rainfalls constant throughout ten months a years. Eighty se
Dworkin BM; Rosenthal WS; Wormser GP; Weiss L; Nunez M; Joline C; Herp A; Sarah C. Upham Division of Gastroenterology, New York Medical; College, Valhalla 10595.
Severe protein-calorie malnutrition is common in patients with AIDS and could contribute to the progressive deterioration characteristic of that disease. Selenium deficiency could also have a negative impact on immune function and other organ functions vital for recovery from infectious diseases. Therefore, to assess
Since december 1st 1988, the Retrovirus study Group of the French Society of Blood Transfusion has initiated a systematic multicentric control of all anti-HIV screening EIA test kits lots used by each member of the group. For this purpose a special panel (GRV) has been designed and forwarded to each laboratory. From d
Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, MA 01772.
Animal models will play a central role in AIDS research in the coming years. Important models for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced disease in humans include HIV-infected great apes, simian immunodeficiency virus-infected Asian monkeys and infections of ungulates and cats with HIV-related lentiviruses. The na
Harrison A; Huggett R; Murphy WM; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Care of the; Elderly, University of Bristol Dental School.
A survey was carried out on materials and techniques used for complete denture construction in general dental practice, by means of a postal questionnaire sent to a random sample of 1000 dentists whose names were taken from the BDA membership. There was a 71.5% response. The results obtained are compared with a simila
Gladman DD; University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Psoriatic arthritis is a common form of arthritis. It is recognized that there is a subset of patients who have a severe, disabling form of the disease, and that patients need to be treated earlier if a good outcome is to occur. The pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis is still unclear, but the experiment of nature pro
Schirren CG; Roth WK; Hein R; Werner S; Krieg T; Braun-Falco O; Dermatologische Klinik und Poliklinik,; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, F.R.G.
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is a low grade malignant neoplasm which shows invasive growth and often occurs in immunosuppressed patients with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS; epidemic KS). It is also found in elderly men where it is usually limited to the skin (classic KS). The present study investigated the ch
Fabio G; Smeraldi RS; Gringeri A; Marchini M; Bonara P; Mannucci PM; Institute of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and; Immunopathology, University of Milan, Italy.
We compared the frequencies of HLA antigens in two matched groups of 31 HIV-seronegative and 31 HIV-seropositive haemophiliacs, exposed during the years 1981-85 to comparable amounts and batches of presumably infectious clotting factor concentrates. The frequency of A2 was significantly higher in HIV-seropositive than
Fukuzaki H; Yoshida M; Asano M; Kumakura M; Mashimo T; Yuasa H; Imai K; Yamanaka H; Department of Development, Takasaki Radiation Chemistry Research; Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Gumma,; Japan.
Low molecular weight and amorphous copolyesters composed of 70 mol% L-lactic acid and 30 mol% DL-hydroxy acids such as DL-lactic acid, DL-alpha-hydroxy-n-butyric acid, DL-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid and DL-alpha-hydroxyisocaproic acid were synthesized by direct copolycondensation in the absence of catalysts, to evalu
Blood. 1990 Oct 15;76(8):1490-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91002905
Schuitemaker H; Kootstra NA; van Oers MH; van Lambalgen R; Tersmette M; Miedema F; Central Laboratory, The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Myelosuppression is a major symptom in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Moreover zidovudine, an anti-retroviral drug used to treat AIDS patients has myelosuppressive side effects. Therefore treatment with IL-3, a multi-lineage hemopoietic growth factor may be beneficial for zidovudine-treated individuals
Hague RA; Eden OB; Yap PL; Mok JY; Rae P; Edinburgh and SE Scotland Blood Transfusion Service, UK.
A four year old boy with symptoms of HIV infection and serum IgG of 53.2 g/l had been treated for 16 months with regular infusions of intravenous immunoglobulin (IV IgG). During one such infusion he developed temporary neurological symptoms and signs suggestive of the hyperviscosity syndrome. Serum relative viscosity
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus infecting CD4 positive cells, causing profound immunosuppression and eventually manifesting clinically as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The cells principally infected by HIV are T4 (helper) lymphocytes and macrophages. The eventual loss of helper cell
Smith R; Patel NB; Urquhart GE; McFaul P; Neven P; Howie PW; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ninewells Hospital and; Medical School, Dundee, Scotland.
OBJECTIVE--To determine age specific prevalence of HIV antibody, incidence of pregnancy, and likelihood of detection and correct assignment to risk category by antenatal screening of women known to be positive for HIV antibody, from 1984 to 1989. DESIGN--Retrospective analysis of reproductive history and risk behaviou
Bull Mem Acad R Med Belg. 1990;145(3-4):209-15; discussion 215-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003099
Clumeck N; Departement de Medecine interne de l'Hopital Saint-Pierre,; Universite libre de Bruxelles.
HIV epidemic is still expanding all over the world. Heterosexual transmission into the general population is of particular concern mostly in Africa and Western countries. So far, pathogenesis of the syndrome is best explained by the likely role of co-factors that interfere with the latency phase of the virus. In this
Klein P; Zientek G; VandenBerg SR; Lothman E; Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Medical Center,; Charlottesville 22908.
Neurologic complications of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) most often present as brain dysfunction and/or a polyneuropathy. We describe a unique neurological problem of a woman with AIDS who presented with a cauda equina mass due to primary CNS lymphoma . She subsequ
Can Med Assoc J. 1990 Sep 15;143(6):493-500. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003716
Taylor KM; Eakin JM; Skinner HA; Kelner M; Shapiro M; Department of Behavioural Science, Faculty of Medicine,; University of Toronto, Ont.
Physicians response to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is poorly understood and often attributed to fear of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection through occupational exposure. We surveyed 268 physicians from three geographic regions in North American with different specialties and responsibilities
Can Med Assoc J. 1990 Oct 1;143(7):641-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003738
Sutherland LR; Church DL; Gill MJ; Kelly JK; Hwang WS; Bryant HE; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alta.
We examined 19 patients (17 men) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and gastrointestinal symptoms to determine whether those symptoms were due to either a gastrointestinal tract infection or a defect in mucosal absorption because of an enteropathy. The erythrocyte folate and serum vitamin B12 levels wer
Can J Public Health. 1990 Jul-Aug;81(4):272-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003770
Ruel JM; Hickey CP; Bureau of Dangerous Drugs, Health & Welfare Canada, Ottawa,; Ontario.
We present the results of a survey outlining the frequency of certain activities associated with drug-seeking behaviour, e.g. needle sharing, illicit activity. The data presented are based upon information concerning 1,000 patients receiving long-term Methadone as a treatment for opioid dependence. These data are uniq
Can J Public Health. 1990 Jul-Aug;81(4):285-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003773
Chandarana PC; Conlon P; Noh S; Field VA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
We report the results of a controlled prospective study designed to assess the impact of education on AIDS among elementary school students. 1,825 students from 3 school boards participated; 848 students were assigned to the trial group and 778 to the comparison group. Overall, the results showed a significant increas
Can J Public Health. 1990 Jul-Aug;81(4):290-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003774
Scott F; Chambers LW; Underwood J; Walter S; Pickard L; Hamilton-Wentworth Department of Public Health Services.
AIDS seminars lasting 70 minutes, consisting of an oral presentation, a videotape and time for discussion, were offered to students in grades 11, 12 and 13 in secondary schools in the Hamilton Board of Education. Specially chosen teacher and public health nurse facilitators were assigned to sessions. 19 secondary scho
Can J Public Health. 1990 Jul-Aug;81(4):297-300. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003776
Farkas CS; Kossmann K; Armstrong J; Isaac R; Lowery G; Mathews F; Shorting L; Stermac L; Central Toronto Youth Services AIDS Project.
There are few data on how HIV infection/AIDS affects social service agencies serving children and youth. We conducted a survey of 24 provincially funded agencies in the Metro Toronto area and discovered that 36 clients and 9 staff members were HIV-infected. Our data strongly suggest that these agencies were ill equipp
Cancer. 1990 Oct 1;66(7):1524-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003852
Picard F; Dreyfus F; Le Guern M; Tulliez M; d'Auriol L; Neron S; Galibert F; Saragosti S; Varet B; Department of Hematology, Hopital Cochin, France.
The authors observed a pleiomorphic lymphoma mimicking Hodgkin s lymphoma in a French Guyana black woman lacking antibodies for human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type I (HTLV I). After two courses of chemotherapy with either mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and predni
Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1990 Oct 15;49(2):157-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003919
Itoyama T; Sadamori N; Tokunaga S; Sasagawa I; Nakamura H; Yao E; Jubashi T; Yamada Y; Ikeda S; Ichimaru M; Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Recently, the chromosome 14q11 anomaly has been reported to be specific to adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), and this anomaly has also been confirmed in the preleukemic state of adult T-cell leukemia (pre-ATL) patients. Because the cytogenetic abnormality at the stage of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) carrier
Cancer Nurs. 1990 Aug;13(4):246-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003979
Jacob JG; Ostchega Y; Grady C; Gallaway LJ; Kish JP; NIH, NCI, Medicine Branch, Bethesda, MD 20895.
A national survey of 10% of the members of the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) was conducted to determine the knowledge and experience of oncology nurses caring for individuals with HIV-related disorders. This information was to serve as the framework for developing subsequent education and preparation of oncology nurs
Cell. 1990 Oct 19;63(2):251-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91004233
Perez C; Albert I; DeFay K; Zachariades N; Gooding L; Kriegler M; Department of Molecular Biology, Cetus Corporation, Emeryville,; California 94608.
In addition to the induction of tumor regression, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been implicated as the causative agent in a number of pathologies, including cachexia, septic shock, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmunity, and induction of HIV expression. We propose that this complex physiology might be manifest by differ
Idegami K; Ikeda K; Achiwa K; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan.
New 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4-phosphate and 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4,6-disulfate derivatives were synthesized. The 1-thyminyl-D-glucosamine-4,6-disulfate derivative showed antiviral activity against HIV.
In Africa, the continent most affected by HIV, the geography of the epidemic shows major contrasts. Strong regionalization differentiates both central-east Africa from west Africa and, within the countries, the urban zones from rural ones. Spatial and population factors are important when mapping the geography of the
Laroche R; Deppner M; Floch JJ; Kadende P; Goasguen J; Sauniere JF; Dupont B; Service de Pathologie tropicale, H. I. A., Marseille Armees.
Cryptococcosis is a systemic fungal disease and meningeal or meningoencephalitis involvement is the most serious complication. This is a retrospective analysis of 80 patients admitted from December 1983 to October 1985 (30 cases) and June 1987 to December 1988 (50 cases) in hospital of Bujumbura,
Chow JW; Lucas SB; Department of Histopathology, University College and Middlesex; School of Medicine, London, UK.
Atypical HIV-associated and endemic Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) differ in their clinical presentation and behaviour. To assess the possible histological differences, a detailed review of 32 cases of atypical KS and 170 cases of endemic KS from sub-Saharan Africa was undertaken. Both forms of KS had similar histological appe
Vanham G; Kestens L; Gigase P; Colebunders R; Vandenbruaene M; Brijs L; Ceuppens JL; Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical; Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
The activity of both cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells were measured cross-sectionally in 43 subjects seropositive for HIV, in 27 HIV- blood donors and in 24 HIV- persons from the Outpatients Clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. CTL activity was evaluated using the HL-60 cells coated with
Laurenzi MA; Siden A; Persson MA; Norkrans G; Hagberg L; Chiodi F; Department of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge; Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) activity was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients at different stages of human immunodeficiency (HIV) virus infection and of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) or other inflammatory (OID) and noninflammatory neurological diseases (OND). In the advanced stages of HIV infection a
In a retrospective study the results of abdominal computed tomography (CT) from 48 patients, who died of the complications of HIV infection, were compared with those obtained at autopsy. The CT diagnosis was confirmed at autopsy in 39 cases (81.3%). In nine patients CT results did not correlate with the postmortal fin
Barber CJ; Rowlands PC; McCarty M; Choudhri AH; Stevens JM; Radiology Department, St Mary's Hospital, London.
An analysis was made of the clinical, pathological and radiological data relating to 117 requests for cranial CT on 83 patients who were HIV positive or had AIDS in one year at St Mary s Hospital. Central to the design was grouping of the patients according to clinical presentation. The aim was to establish whether th
Tran Van Nhieu J; Vojtek AM; Bernaudin JF; Escudier E; Fleury-Feith J; Service d'Histologie, Hopital Henri-Mondor, Creteil, France.
Pneumocystis carinii (PC) has been recognized as frequently responsible for most opportunistic pulmonary infections occurring in immunocompromised AIDS and non-AIDS patients. Moreover, these patients can be considered at risk for secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Therefore, we have investigated the occurrence
From June 1988 to February 1989, we enrolled 36 patients with human immunodeficiency virus into a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial assessing the efficacy and toxicity of aerosolized pentamidine (AP) as secondary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Each patient underwent spirometric evaluati
Elo H; Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Many bis(amidinohydrazones) are potent inhibitors of adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC), a key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, and some of them are also known to be powerful antiviral agents. Therefore, seven bis(amidinohydrazones), including the two most potent inhibitors of eukaryotic AdoMetDC so far repo
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1990 Aug;26(1):39-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91005803
Brooner RK; Bigelow GE; Strain E; Schmidt CW; Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Baltimore, MD.
Intravenous drug abuse is strongly associated with HIV transmission and with having a diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD). While the co-occurrence of intravenous drug abuse and ASPD is related to poor drug abuse treatment outcome, little is known about the contribution of ASPD to the intravenous drug a
The prevalence of intestinal spirochaetosis was investigated in 39 HIV-positive homosexual males (mean age 39 [24-65] years) in different stages of HIV infection (3 with the lymphadenopathy syndrome, 8 with AIDS-related complex and 28 with AIDS). Biopsies for cultural and histological demonstration of spirochaetes wer
Bartelsman JF; Lange JM; van Leeuwen R; van den Tweel JG; Tytgat GN; Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center,; University of Amsterdam.
We report on a case of acute primary HIV-esophagitis in a 29-year-old man, who presented with fever, diarrhea, odynophagia and a skin rash. Endoscopy of the esophagus revealed multiple small shallow ulcerations. HIV-1 p24 antigen could only be shown in the blood on the day of admission to hospital, 7 days after the ac
EMBO J. 1990 Oct;9(10):3137-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91006006
Bosselut R; Duvall JF; Gegonne A; Bailly M; Hemar A; Brady J; Ghysdael J; INSERM U186/CNRS URA 1160 Institut Pasteur, Lille, France.
The c-ets-1 proto-oncogene and the related c-ets-2 gene encode related nuclear chromatin-associated proteins which bind DNA in vitro. To investigate the possibility that Ets1 and Ets2 are transcriptional activators, we analyzed the ability of these proteins to trans-activate promoter/enhancer sequences in transient co
Ethiop Med J. 1990 Jul;28(3):103-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91006099
Shamebo M; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa; University, Ethiopia.
Fourty-four patients with lymphoid neoplasia 37 males and 7 females aged 15 to 75 years, were seen in the Department of Internal Medicine, Tikur Anbessa (Black Lion) Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia , between January and December 1988. Twenty-seven (61.4%) had
Chichino G; Bruno A; Cevini C; Gatti S; Scaglia M; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, IRCCS San; Matteo, Italy.
A direct method for detection of Pneumocystis carinii was evaluated in 14 patients with impaired immune function (3 seropositive for HIV, 8 with AIDS and 3 with heart transplants) and signs and symptoms suggestive of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Direct examination by phase-contrast and interference-contrast microsc
Tighe H; Silverman GJ; Kozin F; Tucker R; Gulizia R; Peebles C; Lotz M; Rhodes G; Machold K; Mosier DE; et al; Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Research; Institute of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA.
In an attempt to characterize the heterogeneity of the human autoantibody response, mice with severe combined immunodeficiency were reconstituted with synovial or blood lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Mononuclear cells extracted from synovial fluid or tissue (SMC) were a greatly enriched sour
Holliman RE; Public Health Laboratory Service, St George's Hospital, London.
Asymptomatic individuals seropositive for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were investigated for the presence of toxoplasma specific antibody. Serological examination was performed using multiple assays. Of 500 patients studied 133 had serological evidence of previous exposure to Toxoplasma gondii. Speci
Kurtzberg J; Carter SG; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina 27710.
We have studied the in vitro effects of carbovir as compared to 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) on the growth of clonal bone marrow-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells. (-)Carbovir, the enantiomer with anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activ
The records of 608 intravenous drug addicts and 124 hemophiliacs diagnosed in 1985 to be seropositive for HIV were reviewed to identify patients with thrombocytopenia. The records of 54 drug addicts (8.9%) and 14 hemophiliacs (11.2%) who had chronic thrombocytopenia were then followed through June 1989 to estimate the
Greer JP; Salhany KE; Cousar JB; Fields JP; King LE; Graber SE; Flexner JM; Stein RS; Collins RD; Division of Hematology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,; Nashville, TN 37232-2288.
Some patients with cerebriform T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) undergo morphologic transformation to a large cell lymphoma. From a series of 113 patients with CTCL, 22 patients were identified with transformed CTCL. Stages of involvement at diagnosis were: I (seven), II (four), III (four), IV (seven). Nine patients had transfo
Wilks D; Walker L; O'Brien J; Habeshaw J; Dalgleish A; Division of Immunology, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, U.K.
A panel of 20 anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) was ranked in terms of affinity, using an inhibition radioimmunoassay. The ability of these antibodies to inhibit the induction of syncytia by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to prevent binding of the HIV envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) to CD4 was also measur
We evaluated the use of voluntary blood donor recruitment in Kinshasa, Zaire , as a means of reducing transmission of HIV-1 and other infectious agents by blood transfusion. Between January 1, 1989, and April 7, 1989, 2,237 blood donors were enrolled in the study at the transfusion
Hawaii Med J. 1990 Aug;49(8):309-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91008282
Stitt PG; University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96822.
1. Hansen s Disease is a chronic disease found in every continent in the world and among all ethnic groups. 2. Hawaii is neither a hotbed of the disease nor a place where the disease is absent. 3. Hansen s Disease is endemic in these islands, but we also have problems and resources for coping with it. 4. Current treat
Everett ET; Scornik JC; Davis G; Kao KJ; Department of Pathology, University of Florida College of; Medicine, Gainesville 32610.
Although HLA antigens are present on the surface membrane of most cells, erythrocytes express little or no HLA. Occasionally red cells from normal individuals or patients with certain diseases express elevated levels of these molecules. The reasons for such variations are currently not understood. We report here that
Berson AM; Quivey JM; Harris JW; Wara WM; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
Between March 1982 and October 1987, 375 fields in 187 patients with AIDS-related Kaposi s Sarcoma were treated in the Department of Radiation Oncology at the University of California in San Francisco (UCSF). Field sizes ranging from 2 x 2 cm to total skin received doses of 8 Gy in a single fraction to 15-40 Gy in 5-1
DiIanni CL; Davis LJ; Holloway MK; Herber WK; Darke PL; Kohl NE; Dixon RA; Department of Molecular Biology, Merck Sharp & Dohme Research; Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486.
The pepsin-like aspartyl proteases consist of a single polypeptide chain with topologically similar amino- and carboxyl-terminal domains, each of which contributes 1 aspartic acid residue to the active site. This structure has been proposed to have evolved by gene duplication and fusion from a dimeric enzyme composed
a comprehensive effort to improve quality and appropriateness of care in a large teaching hospital has been planned and implemented. Fuel for the initiative was gleaned from the combined energies of QA education, infection control, and administration. Challenges for continuous improvement of care for persons who are H
Ushijima H; Honma H; Tsuchie H; Kitamura T; Takahashi I; Division of AIDS Virus, National Institute of Health, Tokyo,; Japan.
Human anti-HIV antibody-coated magnetic beads and magnetic particle concentrators were used to eliminate HIV antigens and the infected cells in vitro. Fifty micrograms/ml of the antibody coated on 30 mg/ml of tosyl-activated beads, and 10 min of reaction time between the antigens and the immunobeads were sufficient to
Baillou A; Barin F; Leonard G; Denis F; Petat E; Canas Ferreira WF; M'Boup S; Goudeau A; Laboratoire de Virologie, CHRU Bretonneau et UER Sciences; Pharmaceutiques, Tours, France.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains can be separated into two serotypes: HIV-1 and HIV-2. In the study reported herein, we developed and evaluated competitive enzyme-immunoassays (CEIA-1 for the detection of antibody to HIV-1, CEIA-2 for the detection of antibody to HIV-2) to discriminate serologically between
Walling VR; Pfefferbaum B; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of; Texas Medical School, Houston.
Stimulants once used to treat depression have been overshadowed by tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Recently, their use has been reported in the treatment of depression in medically ill adults in whom tricyclics are contraindicated, or for whom a rapid response is critical. This report docum
Ross MW; Albion Street AIDS Centre, Sydney Hospital, Surry Hills NSW,; Australia.
In a study to determine the extent to which stigmatization influences mental health in homosexual men, 80 homosexual men were administered the General Health Questionnaire and the Gay Affect and Life Events Scale. Data indicated that there were significant associations between life events and mental health; events rel
Cohen PR; Bank DE; Silvers DN; Grossman ME; Department of Dermatology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of; Columbia University, New York, New York.
Disseminated histoplasmosis is being diagnosed more frequently in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and is often the initial manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Disease-related cutaneous features of HIV-associated disseminated histoplasmosis are defined as mucocutaneous
Jacobs PH; Department of Dermatology, Stanford University Medical Center, CA; 94305.
The number of cases of mycotic infections are increasing, presenting physicians today with an unprecedented challenge in handling the treatment and prophylactic control of these disorders. The increase in mycotic disorders is due to many factors, such as longer life span, organ transplantation, and the acquired immuno
Schinke SP; Gordon AN; Weston RE; School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, New York.
This study tested the efficacy of self-instruction intervention to reduce avoidable risks for HIV infection associated with drug use and unsafe sexual activity among African-American and Hispanic adolescents (N = 60). After completing pretests, adolescent participants in the study were randomly divided into three cond
Intensive Care Med. 1990;16(5):332-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91010185
Guidet B; Guerin B; Maury E; Offenstadt G; Amstutz P; Service de Reanimation Polyvalente, Hopital Saint-Antoine,; Paris, France.
A single episode of systemic capillary leak syndrome is reported in a HIV-positive patient. The shock had necessitated the infusion of large amounts of fluid with concomitant diffuse swelling and weight gain leading to compartment syndrome of both legs. This required surgical relief. The initial high hematocrit (62%)
Ocular toxoplasmosis is uncommon in the natural course of AIDS. We report here in a case of a 27 year old man with cerebral toxoplasmosis involvement with neurological signs and coma. After an initial improvement with a sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine treatment, we noticed a foveal chorioretinitis with hyalitis in the
Fox DM; State University of New York, Stony Brook.
HIV infection is now perceived as the end stage of a chronic disease that is spreading most rapidly among blacks and Hispanics. The politics of the HIV epidemic in the 1980s were dominated by four interacting factors: fear and fascination; who had the disease and to whom it seemed to be spreading; the endemic problems
Larsen KS; Serra M; Long E; Department of Psychology, Oregon State University, Corvallis; 97331-5303.
This study reports on the development of a Likert scale that measures attitudes toward AIDS victims (ATAV) in five phases. A total of 582 undergraduate (means age = 24.2) completed the survey forms, 249 males and 333 females. The results for Phase 1 yielded a scale with high part-whole correlations (.62-.90, p less th
Schwanberg SL; College of Nursing, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131.
The purpose of this paper was to content analyze a purposive sample of American health care literature from 1983-1987 to ascertain what impact if any, the AIDS epidemic has had on the images of gay men and lesbian women in health sciences literature. Empirical studies, letters to the editor, policy statements and opin
Berger RM; Department of Social Work, California State University, Long; Beach 90840-0902.
The present study surveyed male gay couples to determine how their relationships began and were maintained, the types of conflict they experienced, and how the issues of monogamy, sexual behavior and AIDS affected the relationships. Ninety-two couples responded to the survey. The gay bar was the most common initial me
St. Lawrence JS; Husfeldt BA; Kelly JA; Hood HV; Smith S Jr; Jackson State University, MS.
Three hundred college students were presented with vignettes describing an ill person; the vignettes were identical except the illness was identified as either AIDS or leukemia and the individual was described as either homosexual or heterosexual. After reading one vignette, each subject completed a set of measures se
Haukenes G; Nome S; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Gade Institute,; Bergen, Norway.
As all HIV-infected subjects become virus carriers, the epidemic will not attain a steady state until the number of deletions (from death and other factors) equals or outnumbers that of new cases, i.e. each HIV-infected subject transmits the infection to only one subject in the course of his lifespan. A full stop of a
J Immunol. 1990 Oct 15;145(8):2459-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91010715
Girasole G; Wang JM; Pedrazzoni M; Pioli G; Balotta C; Passeri M; Lazzarin A; Ridolfo A; Mantovani A; Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia, Universita di; Parma, Italy.
Preincubation for 20 h with 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) markedly augmented the chemotactic responsiveness of human blood monocytes to the classical chemoattractant, FMLP. A modest enhancement of monocyte spontaneous locomotion in the absence of chemoattractants was also observed. Maximal increase of m
J Immunol. 1990 Oct 15;145(8):2566-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91010731
Gottlieb RA; Kleinerman ES; O'Brian CA; Tsujimoto S; Cianciolo GJ; Lennarz WJ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson; Cancer Center Houston 77030.
Retroviral infection is associated with immunosuppression, which has been shown to be due, in part, to the action of the envelope protein p15E. We studied a synthetic peptide (CKS-17) homologous to a highly conserved domain of the retroviral envelope protein p15E, which, when conjugated to BSA (CKS-17-BSA), can inhibi
Tachibana N; Okayama A; Murai K; Shioiri S; Shishime E; Ishizaki J; Tsuda K; Second Department of Medicine, Miyazaki Medical College.
Antibody for HTLV-I in sera from 11,224 residents in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan , was determined by indirect immunofluorescent antibody method to compare age- and sex-specific antibody prevalence among three geographically divided areas of the prefecture. There was a significant diff
Udaka M; Maehara N; Tamaki K; Fukuhara H; Kaneshima H; Nakamura H; Irabu Y; Shimoji K; Kitsukawa K; Shigeno Y; et al; First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa.
A 43-year-old woman visited a clinic for an attack of bronchial asthma which she had been suffering since her childhood. She was treated with prednisolone which was used for the first time. Two weeks later, she had a fever and her chest X-ray showed diffuse reticulonodular shadows on both middle to lower lung fields.
Ando Y; Hashimoto H; Kakimoto K; Tanigawa T; Moriyama I; Ichijo M; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University.
Some HTLV-1 antibody carrying pregnant women, who are rated by the gelatin particle agglutination (PA) method, show no expression of HTLV-I antigen in their peripheral blood lymphocytes. Paying attention to this fact, the authors recently studied the reaction of the antibody contained in the PA-positive sera with the
Lin RY; Levin M; Nygren EN; Norman A; Lorenzana FG; Department of Medicine, Metropolitan Hospital, New York Medical; College.
Two different methods for evaluating platelet antibody were used to study 12 normal subjects and 24 patients consisting primarily of intravenous drug users (IVDUs) who were positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Total platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were measured by enzy
J Electron Microsc (Tokyo). 1990;39(3):145-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91011210
Miyauchi M; Maruyama K; Department of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute,; Japan.
HTLV-I particles grown in 4 human lymphocyte cultures were observed by electron microscopy. Particles in all cell lines showed marked size and structural variations that were characteristic of each cell line. Profiles of size-distributions were found to be similar among virus particles of the same origin in different
Pauza CD; Galindo JE; Richman DD; Developmental Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for; Biological Studies, San Diego, California 92138.
High levels of unintegrated viral DNA accumulate during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of CEM T cells. Reinfection of already infected cells is required to attain these levels and reinfection also promotes the development of HIV-induced cytopathology. Rates of virus production, however, are inde
Celada F; Cambiaggi C; Maccari J; Burastero S; Gregory T; Patzer E; Porter J; McDanal C; Matthews T; Institute for Molecular Immunology, Hospital for Joint Disease,; New York, New York.
We studied the humoral response of mice immunized with soluble CD4-rgp120 complex, testing polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with the aim of identifying molecular changes that take place after the first interaction between human immunodeficiency virus and the cell surface. The antisera had a paradoxically hi
Sulphoevernan is a sulphated alpha-1----3, 1----4 polyglucan (Mr 20,000) with a helical structure. This compound effectively inhibits both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 infection of cells in vitro at concentrations around 0.5 micrograms/ml. Moreover, the compound completely inhibits HIV-1-indu
Wallin M; Deinum J; Goobar L; Danielson UH; Department of Zoophysiology, University of Goteborg, Sweden.
Aspartic proteinases from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) were found to interfere with microtubule assembly. Preincubation of the proteinases with purified brain microtubule proteins (tubulin and microtubule-associated proteins) at low ionic strength (pH 6.8), completel
Boyko EJ; Alderman BW; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle.
We discuss in this paper the extent to which disease risk factors may assist in the diagnostic process. We caution that disease risk factors need not be very sensitive or specific. Risk factor specificity and sensitivity may be further reduced if, in the former case, the risk factor is related to other illnesses havin
Schiff SJ; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's National Medical Center,; University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C.
A probabilistic model is used to estimate the cumulative risk to surgeons from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Recent data suggest that the probability of infection following percutaneous inoculation is about 1 in 250 cases. Several studies suggest that the frequency of percutaneous injury in surgery is at least 1
Ciricillo SF; Rosenblum ML; Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine,; University of California, San Francisco.
To explore the potential usefulness of imaging studies in the diagnosis of focal central nervous system (CNS) lesions associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the authors retrospectively examined the radiographic studies of 149 AIDS patients who presented with signs and symptoms of the three most com
Tran Dinh YR; Mamo H; Cervoni J; Caulin C; Saimot AC; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles du Systeme Nerveux; (Hopital Lariboisiere), Paris, France.
Quantitative measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) by xenon-133 (133Xe) tomography, together with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), psychometric tests, and laboratory analyses were performed on 18 human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) seropositive asymptomatic subjects. Abnormalities
Brettler DB; Forsberg A; Bolivar E; Brewster F; Sullivan J; Department of Medicine, Medical Center of Central; Massachusetts-Memorial, Worcester 01605.
Letvin NL; King NW; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772.
The striking similarities between simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-induced disease in macaque monkeys and HIV-induced disease in humans make the SIV-induced macaque monkey an extraordinarily important model for the study of AIDS. The most significant difference between these lentivirus-induced syndromes is the more
Yasuda Y; Miyake S; Kato S; Kita M; Kishida T; Kimura T; Ikuta K; Section of Serology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
The effect of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on virus replication in cells acutely infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and virus production from cells persistently infected with HIV-1 was studied. In both cell systems, significant suppression was observed. However, this suppression was not due to p
Levine S; Anderson D; Bystritsky A; Baron D; Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California; School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
This pilot study examined the effectiveness of fluoxetine in depressed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive asymptomatic patients. Eight patients, participating in an AZT trial who met criteria for major depression syndrome (DSM-III-R), wer
Hessol NA; Byers RH; Lifson AR; O'Malley PM; Cannon L; Barnhart JL; Harrison JS; Rutherford GW; AIDS Office, Department of Public Health, City and County of San; Francisco, California 94102.
We identified 277 homosexual and bisexual men diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) whose estimated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconversion dates, ranging from 1977-85, could be well approximated. These men were from a cohort of 6,705 homosexual and bisexual men originally recruited for s
Peterson D; Willard K; Altmann M; Gatewood L; Davidson G; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of; Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Intravenous drug users are crucial to the understanding and control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. We have developed a population-based simulation of a community of intravenous drug users. This model was implemented using Monte Carlo techniques, which permit great flexibility in creating realistic
Kaplan JE; Osame M; Kubota H; Igata A; Nishitani H; Maeda Y; Khabbaz RF; Janssen RS; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta,; Georgia 30333.
Using data obtained in national surveys of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) conducted in Japan in 1987 and 1988, we estimated the yearly and lifetime risk that HAM/TSP will develop in an HTLV-I-infected person. D
Blattner WA; Saxinger C; Riedel D; Hull B; Taylor G; Cleghorn F; Gallo R; Blumberg B; Bartholomew C; Viral Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) among a sample of persons selected from a government register of businesses in Trinidad was 3.2% in 1,025 persons of African descent compared to 0.2% among 487 persons of
Leonard G; Sangare A; Verdier M; Sassou-Guesseau E; Petit G; Milan J; M'Boup S; Rey JL; Dumas JL; Hugon J; et al; Departement de Bacteriologie-Virologie, CHU Dupuytren, Limoges,; France.
Screening for human immunodeficiency viruses types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) antibodies was carried out in the serum of 1,245 leprous patients and 5,731 controls selected in nine different centers from the Congo, Ivory Coast , Senegal , and
De Stefano JA; Cushion MT; Puvanesarajah V; Walzer PD; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati; College of Medicine, Ohio 45267.
Pneumocystis carinii cysts are capable of resisting host defenses and antimicrobial drugs and are therefore thought to be responsible for relapses of P. carinii pneumonia in AIDS and other immunocompromised patients. The interaction of P. carinii with its host, and other P. carinii, might be mediated by molecules whic
Harrington JM; Institute of Occupational Health, University of Birmingham,; Edgbaston.
The health of health care workers is mentioned in the early occupational health literature but the significance of these populations in occupational health has only recently received widespread attention. The health care industry now employs about 5% of the national workforce and, despite its size and the multiplicity
Bosselman RA; Hsu RY; Briskin MJ; Boggs T; Hu S; Nicolson M; Souza LM; Schultz JA; Rishell W; Stewart RG; Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320.
Injection of infectious non-replicating REV vector directly beneath the chicken blastoderm leads to infection of embryonic stem cells. Vector sequences are present in a variety of specialized tissues of embryos and mature birds derived from infected blastoderms. Breeding studies show that replication-defective REV vec
J Med Chem. 1990 Oct;33(10):2767-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91012498
Hill CL; Weeks MS; Schinazi RF; Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; 30322.
The anti-HIV-1 activity and toxicity of representative structural families of polyoxotungstates in human lymphocytes was determined. The 21 compounds examined include those derived from the following structural families: [NaSb9W21O86]18- (HPA-23), Xn+W12O40(8-n)- (Keggin), P2W18O62(6-) (Wells-Dawson), W6O19(2-) (Lindq
Biglan A; Metzler CW; Wirt R; Ary D; Noell J; Ochs L; French C; Hood D; Oregon Research Institute, Eugene 97401.
Relationships among risky sexual behaviors, other problem behaviors, and the family and peer context were examined for two samples of adolescents. Many adolescents reported behaviors (e.g., promiscuity or nonuse of condoms) which risked HIV or other sexually transmitted disease infection. Such risky behaviors were sig
Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1990 Aug;6(8):422-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91012705
Yeh SM; Yuan HS; Ko YC; School of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan,; Republic of China.
Nurses willingness to provide care for AIDS patients was studied using a self-developed and evaluated anonymous questionnaire given to 258 nurses (a response rate 91.9%). The subjects were randomly sampled from three general hospitals in
Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1990 Sep;6(9):517-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91012718
Ko YC; Chang SJ; School of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan,; Republic of China.
A 25-year-old Chinese woman, was found HIV antibody positive on December 14, 1988. During our follow-up, we tested her American husband and found him to be seronegative. Unfortunately, her six-month-old infant was seropositive. The standard Western blot test was used in the first stage of analysis. The bands which app
Szurek PF; Floyd E; Yuen PH; Wong PK; Science Park-Research Division, University of Texas M. D.; Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville 78957.
ts1, a spontaneous temperature-sensitive mutant of Moloney murine leukemia virus TB, causes hind-limb paralysis in mice. A Val-25----Ile substitution in gPr80env is responsible for temperature sensitivity, inefficient processing of gPr80env, and neurovirulence. In this study, the Ile-25 in gPr80env was replaced with T
Page KA; Landau NR; Littman DR; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of; California, San Francisco 94143-0414.
We constructed a recombinant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vector to facilitate studies of virus infectivity. A drug resistance gene was inserted into a gp160- HIV proviral genome such that it could be packaged into HIV virions. The HIV genome was rendered replication defective by deletion of sequences encoding g
Schwartz S; Felber BK; Fenyo EM; Pavlakis GN; Basic Research Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick; Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702-1201.
Three size classes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mRNAs are produced in infected cells: full-length, intermediate, and small. Here we report that the intermediate-size class of viral mRNAs is heterogeneous, consisting of at least 12 differentially spliced species. This group contains nine bicistronic m
Crise B; Buonocore L; Rose JK; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, Connecticut 06510-8023.
We analyzed coexpression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoprotein precursor, gp160, and its cellular receptor CD4 in HeLa cells to determine whether the two molecules can interact prior to transport to the cell surface. Results of studies employing coprecipitation, analysis of oligosaccharide processing
Vink C; Groenink M; Elgersma Y; Fouchier RA; Tersmette M; Plasterk RH; Division of Molecular Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute,; Amsterdam.
Integrated retroviral DNA is flanked by short direct repeats of the target DNA. The length of these repeats is specific for the provirus that is integrated (H.E. Varmus, in J.A. Shapiro, ed., Mobile Genetic Elements, 1983). For the human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1), the length of the direct repeats in the ta
Weiss CD; Levy JA; White JM; Cancer Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of; California 94143-0450.
The oligomeric structure of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120) was examined by treating infectious virions with chemical cross-linking agents and subjecting the protein to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and velocity centrifugation. Immunoblots of cross-link
JAMA. 1990 Oct 24-31;264(16):2088-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91012886
Halsey NA; Boulos R; Holt E; Ruff A; Brutus JR; Kissinger P; Quinn TC; Coberly JS; Adrien M; Boulos C; Department of International Health, School of Hygiene and Public; Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md., 21205.
Of 4588 pregnant women in a high-risk Haitian population, 443 (9.7%) were serologically positive for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Infants born to women who were HIV-1 seropositive were more likely to be premature, of low birth weight, and malnourished at 3 and 6 months of age than were infants born
Maeda K; Yoshikawa K; Terao S; Yamamoto S; Umeyama K; Department of Surgery, Osaka Socio-Medical Center, Japan.
Data were obtained in 10 patients with amebic dysentery at Osaka Socio-Medical Center hospital during the period from April 1985, to April 1989. All of the patients were male, and their average age was 41 years old. In the past history, all of them had never gone to foreign country, and 7 patients had the habit of hom
Stallinger H; Kolleritsch H; Pathologische Abteilung der Allgemeinen Poliklinik der Stadt; Wien.
This paper intends to present an overview concerning the risks and benefits of BCG-immunisation basing on a research of the actual literature. The historical controversy is well known, but regarding the epidemiological situation with respect to morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis in Middle and Western Europe by no
Harrer T; Wolf B; Kersten W; Schwarz W; Bergner D; Kalden JR; Medizinische Universitatsklinik III, Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg.
In order to study a supposed association between T-cell activation in vivo and HIV-1-antigenemia in HIV-1-infected patients, the detection of p24-antigen in sera was correlated to serum levels of beta-2-microglobulin and C1q-binding immune complexes. Anti-p24-antibodies and the urinary excretion of neopterin were also
J S C Med Assoc. 1990 Sep;86(9):479-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91013787
Hebra A; Adams DB; Holley HP Jr; Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina,; Charleston 29425.
To assess the exposure risks for surgeons and nurses treating HIV infected patients at the Medical University Hospital and the Charleston Memorial Hospital, a retrospective review of HIV positive patients who underwent surgical procedures from 1985-1988 was undertaken. During that period, 150 patients tested positive
Sulovic V; Bujko M; Sbutega-Milosevic G; Pantovic D; SANU, Odeljenje medicinskih nauka, Institut za mikrobiologiju i; imunologiju, Medicinskog fakulteta u Beogradu.
Problems connected with HIV infection, especially with its transmission, problems of HIV infection as an indicator of the termination of pregnancy, the role of pregnancy in the activation of latent HIV infection, and the possibility of the transmission of HIV infection by breast feeding are put forward and discussed.
Yoffey JM; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Hebrew University-Hadassah; Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
In the previous AIDS symposium organized by the Society, Witte and Witte (1) made a number of predictions, one of which was that in AIDS patients, Lymph from the thoracic duct should be strongly positive for HIV. Though direct evidence for this is lacking, some early experiments of ours with vaccinia virus (2) are ful
Hay JB; Abernethy NJ; Kalaaji AN; Teare GF; Borron P; Department of Immunology, Sunnybrook Hospital, University of; Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
It has been known for some time that antigen stimulation can alter lymphocyte traffic patterns and that viruses are particularly potent in this respect; such alterations may be a consequence of host-derived factors. The retention of lymphocytes in lymph nodes can be sustained for several hours with locally administere
Witte MH; Witte CL; Way DL; Fiala M; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine,; Tucson.
Based on ongoing basic and clinical investigations, further evidence is presented that the AIDS-Kaposi sarcoma (AIDS-KS) complex involves a progressive disturbance of the blood-lymph circulatory loop of fluid, macromolecules, and migrating cells. We first surveyed the spectrum of vascular abnormalities including Kapos
Ryan TJ; Department of Dermatology, Slade Hospital, Oxford, United; Kingdom.
Kaposi sarcoma is a common, though not inevitable consequence of AIDS. There is a body of opinion that believes that this sarcoma is derived from lymphatic endothelium, or at least from a failure of vascular endothelium to distinguish between whether it is attempting to be a blood vessel or a lymphatic. While immunode
Gottlieb AA; Gottlieb MS; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Medicine, Tulane; University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Although considerable attention has been devoted to development of antiviral drugs for therapy of HIV infection, relatively little priority has been directed to correction of the progressive immunologic defect that develops in these patients. We described the development of the therapeutic effect of an immunosupportiv
A 25-year-old patient was found to have cholestatic liver enzyme abnormalities during assessment for asymptomatic low-grade proteinuria at the US Naval Hospital in Portsmouth, Virginia. These abnormalities persisted for a 6-month period, and an extensive workup, including viral serologic studies, rapid plasma reagin t
Med Cutan Ibero Lat Am. 1990;18(2):119-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91014115
Botella Estrada R; Sanmartin Jimenez O; Febrer Bosch MI; Aliaga Boniche A; Salavert Lleti M; Roig Rico P; Nieto Garcia A; Navarro Ibanez V; Servicio de Dermatologia, Hospital General, Valencia.
A HIV infected patient was admitted to hospital with fever diarrhoea and a cutaneous nodule on his left groin. Histopathological exam was diagnostic of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Subsequent exams disclosed Visceral Leishmaniasis. Three cycles of treatment (antimonials, pentamidine and metronidazole) were required for th
Nakauchi CM; Linhares AC; Maruyama K; Kanzaki LI; Macedo JE; Azevedo VN; Casseb JS; Instituto Evandro Chagas, Fundacao Servicos de Saude; Publica, Belem, PA, Brasil.
Forty-three (31.4%) out of 137 serum samples obtained from two Indian communities living in the Amazon region were found to be positive for HTLV-I antibody, as tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Eighty-two sera were collected from Mekranoiti Indians, yielding 39% of positivity, whereas 11 (20.0%) of
Med J Aust. 1990 Oct 1;153(7):383-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91014819
McLaws ML; Brown AR; Cunningham PH; Imrie AA; Wilcken B; Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, St. Vincent's Hospital Medical; Centre, Darlinghurst.
The presence of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in post-partum women may be inferred by screening the blood of their newborn babies, since maternal IgG antibodies freely cross the placenta. We tested a sample of 10,217 newborns from 10 hospitals covering three areas in Sydney and other metropolitan cent
Med J Aust. 1990 Oct 1;153(7):386-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91014820
Solomon PJ; Wilson SR; Swanson CE; Cooper DA; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health,; Australian National University, Canberra, ACT.
There have been urgent demands for knowledge about the epidemic of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Australia . Accurate predictions are important for efficient allocation and planning of limited health-care resources. Ideal data for this purpose would be reliable
Med J Aust. 1990 Oct 1;153(7):394-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91014821
Kelly HA; Rouse IL; Roberts M; Sesnan KT; Health Department of Western Australia, Disease Control Branch,; Murray Street Clinic, Perth.
Previous discussion about sources of error in measuring the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has tended to emphasise errors which underestimated the number of HIV infected persons. Data are provided from Western Australia illustrating potential errors which may result
Med J Aust. 1990 Oct 15;153(8):466-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91014853
Dawson DJ; State Health Laboratory, Queensland Department of Health,; Brisbane.
Data supplied by tuberculosis reference laboratories in Australia indicate that from mid-1985 to the end of 1988, 202 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were diagnosed as having concomitant infection caused by organisms of the Mycobacterium avium complex
Belman AL; School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, SUNY, Stony Brook.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the etiologic agent of AIDS, causes a wide spectrum of disease in children owing to its selective tropism for the immune system, nervous system, and perhaps other organs. By 1991, there may be as many as 10,000 to 15,000 children with symptomatic HIV-1 infection in the
N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 8;323(19):1343-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91015282
Byar DP; Schoenfeld DA; Green SB; Amato DA; Davis R; De Gruttola V; Finkelstein DM; Gatsonis C; Gelber RD; Lagakos S; et al; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Miedema F; Tersmette M; Roos MT; Schellekens PT; Centraal Laboratorium van de Bloedtransfusiedienst van het; Nederlandse Rode Kruis, afd. Klinische-Virologische Immunologie,; Amsterdam.
Bindels PJ; Volp A; van Doornum GJ; Coutinho RA; GG en GD, sector Volksgezondheid en Milieu, Amsterdam.
At the Municipal Health Service of Amsterdam it is possible to be tested for HIV antibodies after signing an informed consent. In 1988, 1247 persons were tested (797 men, 450 women) and in 1989, 1400 persons (869 men, 531 women). Fifty-eight persons were identified as HIV-seropositive for the first time (1988: 24 men,
Three patients with generalized histoplasmosis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are described. Symptoms of generalized histoplasmosis in patients with AIDS are not specific and concomitant opportunistic infections frequently occur. Two patients suffered from an infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Brink MA; Derks MJ; Pietersz RN; Reesink HW; Universiteit van Amsterdam, faculteit der Geneeskunde.
In 1985 a mixture of red cells collected in citrate anticoagulant with plasma derived from heparinized blood was introduced in Amsterdam to perform exchange transfusions in newborns. This heparin mixture has physiological levels of electrolytes, calcium and glucose, can be delivered on short notice and carries a minim
The history of 29-year-old male from Surinam with antibodies to HIV-1 and long-lasting fever, lymphadenopathy, pain in the right upper abdomen and a granulomatous hepatitis is described. The patient suffered from disseminated histoplasmosis, a fungal disease rare in The Netherland
Hollak CE; Kersten MJ; van der Lelie J; Lange JM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Amsterdam.
We report three cases of thrombocytopenic purpura associated with HIV-1 infection. The clinical picture is indistinguishable from classic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP). All three patients initially responded to treatment with high dose methylprednisolone. One patient had an incomplete remission on low dos
No Shinkei Geka. 1990 Aug;18(8):741-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91015614
Takayama K; Manaka S; Koide K; Suzuki H; Sashida J; Department of Neurological Surgery, Ichihara Hospital, Teikyo; University School of Medicine, Chiba.
The authors report a case of intracranial hematoma associated with AIDS. A male aged 21 had been treated with infusion of factor VIII to control hemophilia A. He fell down and hit his right occipital region. Immediately after the impact, he became comatose. When he was hospitalized 30 minutes after the injury, a herni
Vignali G; Rogato G; Mondello V; Vignale L; Guadagnucci A; Vignali F; Tulli G; Istituto di Anestesiologia e Rianimazione, Universita degli; Studi di Siena.
A young AIDS patient was admitted to the Intensive Therapy ward of our hospital with ARDS. The case raised the question of how medical and nursing personnel should face the problem of suitable treatment for a terminally ill patient. Therapy was based on invasive methods such as mechanical ventilation and the insertion
Garavelli PL; Scaglione L; Divisione di Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Civile, Alessandria.
Blastocystis hominis may sometimes be found in feces in sufficient quantities to cause symptoms of diseases such as diarrhea abdominal pain, nausea, tenesmus, fever, itching and slight acidocytosis. Three cases of blastocysosis observed in patients with LAS are reported.
Garavelli PL; Dallavalle FM; Divisione di Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Civile, Alessandria.
HIV-antigen is an important marker of the evolution of HIV infection and of the response to zidovudine therapy. The study aims to assess the course of HIV-correlated antigens and antibodies in 4 patients affected by AIDS or ARC treated with this drug.
Okamoto K; Department of Anatomy, Kanazawa University School of Medicine,; Japan.
A particular branch of the renal vein, which is detected behind the renal pelvis at the hilum at the rate of ca. 80%, and which is proposed as the posterior renal vein (PRV), may be remarked as morphologically significant. PRV may be divided into the typical and non-typical categories. But, in accordance with the bila
SanGiacomo TR; Tan PM; Loggi DG; Itkin AB; University of Miami, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,; Doctor's Hospital, Coral Gables, Fla.
A pathologic condition is described, characterized by rampant necrosis of gingival mucosa, periodontium, and related osseous structures associated with systemic infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is believed that this condition is an extension beyond the normal clinical course of HIV-periodontit
Ongradi J; Ceccherini-Nelli L; Pistello M; Bendinelli M; Szilagyi J; Pisai Egyetem, Orvosbiologiai Tanszek, Pisa, Olaszorszag.
Sensitivity of the cell-free human immundeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and its producer cells was Studied in acidic media between pH 7.4 and 4.9 vitro. The cytopathic effect, reverse transcriptase activity and p24 antigen production by survived viruses were monitored in indicator cell cultures. It was established tha
Pediatr Ann. 1990 Aug;19(8):468-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91016610
Lambert JS; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of; Medicine and Dentistry, New York 14642.
A review of the information available regarding maternal and fetal factors involved in both protection from and infection with HIV raises more questions than answers. Although providing prevention of HIV infection in women and infants is the ultimate goal, the recent increases in HIV seroprevalence among women of chil
Without a cure on the horizon there is a need to identify ways to sustain hope and spiritual well-being in patients with AIDS. This article examines the impact of AIDS on the emotional and spiritual health of its victims and summarizes current research findings on spiritual well-being in the ill. It also summarizes th
Mod Pathol. 1990 Jul;3(4):462-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017483
Radio SJ; Hansen S; Goldsmith J; Linder J; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha.
Pneumocystis carinii is the pre-eminent pulmonary pathogen and leading cause of death in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The diagnosis of this organism depends upon the morphologic demonstration of the cyst wall, trophozoite, or sporozoite in specimens from the lower respiratory tract. A varie
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7438-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017521
Mathez D; Paul D; de Belilovsky C; Sultan Y; Deleuze J; Gorin I; Saurin W; Decker R; Leibowitch J; Unite d'Immuno-virologie, Hopital Raymond-Poincare,; Universite Rene-Descartes Paris-Ouest, Garches, France.
Mononuclear cells were obtained from 71 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive subjects presenting and first visit either as asymptomatic or with minor symptoms and with CD4 lymphocytes greater than 550 per mm3 (group A, 35 patients) or as patients with AIDS, AIDS-related illnesses, or CD4 lymphocyte
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7472-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017528
Ashorn P; McQuade TJ; Thaisrivongs S; Tomasselli AG; Tarpley WG; Moss B; Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
The activity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease is essential for processing of the gag-pol precursor proteins and maturation of infectious virions. We have prepared a peptidomimetic inhibitor, U-75875, that inhibited HIV-1 gag-pol protein processing in an essentially irreversible manner. Noninfectious
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7593-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017551
Nalin CM; Purcell RD; Antelman D; Mueller D; Tomchak L; Wegrzynski B; McCarney E; Toome V; Kramer R; Hsu MC; Department of Protein Biochemistry, Roche Research Center,; Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ 07110.
Recombinant Rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 has been expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by ion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. Specific binding of the purified protein to the Rev-responsive element of the viral RNA is demonstrated. Physical characterization of the purified protei
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7598-602. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017552
Lu XB; Heimer J; Rekosh D; Hammarskjold ML; Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York,; Buffalo 14214.
rev-regulated expression of HIV-1 envelope proteins from a simian virus 40 late replacement vector was found to be dependent on the presence of a 5 splice site in the env mRNA in spite of the fact that this mRNA remains unspliced. When the 5 splice site upstream of the env open reading frame was deleted or mutated,
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7727-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017577
Schnittman SM; Denning SM; Greenhouse JJ; Justement JS; Baseler M; Kurtzberg J; Haynes BF; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Individuals infected by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) demonstrate progressive depletion and qualitative dysfunction of the helper T4 (CD4+) cell population. Mechanisms proposed for attrition of CD4+ T cells include direct cytopathicity of these mature cells following infection as well as infection of
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7787-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017589
Hope TJ; Huang XJ; McDonald D; Parslow TG; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; 94143.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transactivator Rev is a nuclear protein that regulates expression of certain HIV-1 transcripts by binding to an RNA target element (the RRE) present in these transcripts. A short arginine-rich sequence in Rev contains the signals required to direct this protein into nucl
Swoyer J; Rhame F; Hrushesky W; Sackett-Lundeen L; Sothern R; Gale H; Haus E; St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center/Ramsey Clinic, University of; Minnesota, St. Paul.
Sothern RB; Rhame F; Suarez C; Fletcher C; Sackett-Lundeen L; Haus E; Hrushesky WJ; Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; 55455.
Schulten EA; ten Kate RW; van der Waal I; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Free University; Hospital/Academic Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The occurrence of oral mucosal lesions was studied in 70 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, including 35 patients with AIDS, who had been admitted to a Department of Internal Medicine. Lesions of the oral mucosa were observed in 52 patients (74 per cent). Oral candidiasis (50 per cent),
Heitzman ER; Department of Radiology, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Syracuse 13210.
Kaposi sarcoma and lymphoma are the most common forms of neoplastic disease encountered in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Pulmonary involvement is fairly common with Kaposi sarcoma, while lymphoma only rarely involves the lungs. There has been a significant increase in the number of AIDS pati
Reron E; Z Kliniki Otolaryngologicznej AM w Krakowie.
In a group of 130 tested newborns, pathological brain stem responses derived from acoustic stimulus was achieved in 28 cases (21.5%). 85.2% of newborns in this group of birthed babies comprised a high-risk pregnancy group. Based on criteria evaluating monitoring and parameters achieved ABR responses: conduction hearin
Cronin ME; Plotz PH; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are a heterogeneous group of uncommon diseases. The incidence rate of IIM is approximately 5 cases per million population, but there appears to be an increase in the rate over the last two decades, particularly in black females. This may be a true increase or due to renewed inter
Scand J Prim Health Care. 1990 Jul;8(2):75-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91019004
Larsen JH; Lassen LC; Munster K; Institute of General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
The occurrence and geographical distribution of HIV infections and AIDS (HIV/AIDS) in Danish general practice were examined in a questionnaire study sent to a 10% random sample of the GPs. Response rate was 92%. In 1988, a total of 2969 patients were tested, median 10 patients per GP. GPs had 148 HIV-positive patients
Stat Med. 1990 Jun;9(6):681-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91019020
Darby SC; Doll R; Thakrar B; Rizza CR; Cox DR; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Cancer Epidemiology and Clinical; Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Gibson Laboratories, Radcliffe; Infirmary, U.K.
The two-stage parametric regression model of Brookmeyer and Goedert has been adapted and fitted to data on the development of AIDS in haemophiliacs in the UK who are seropositive for HIV. The risk of developing AIDS by a given time following seroconversion increases with increasing age at seroconversion. It is likely
Stat Med. 1990 Jul;9(7):721-36. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91019024
Van Druten JA; Reintjes AG; Jager JC; Heisterkamp SH; Poos MJ; Coutinho RA; Dijkgraaf MG; Ruitenberg EJ; Department of Medicial Statistics (MSA), University of Nijmegen,; The Netherlands.
A multigroup transmission model is described to study the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in linked risk groups. The model permits simultaneous investigation of the increase in the number of persons infected with HIV in three main risk groups: promiscuous homo/bisexual men (two levels of promiscuity),
Rev Med Brux. 1990 Sep;11(7):278-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91019061
Meunier F; Service de Medecine Interne, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite; Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique.
Invasive fungal infections are major problems in immunocompromised patients and optimal therapeutical modalities are still far from optimal. Recently, progresses of antifungal therapy have been achieved with the development of new antifungal agents. In particular, fluconazole seems very promising due to the availabili
Huber-Stemich F; Haas H; Psychiatrische Beratungsstelle fur Jugend- und Drogenprobleme,; Sozialpsychiatrischer Dienst der Psychiatrischen; Universitatsklinik, Zurich.
We were able to show for 21 patients who were all HIV-negative at the beginning of the methadone maintenance program of the Drop-in in Zurich that they remained HIV-negative over an average period of 34 months. At the beginning of the program 48% of the patients had a good social integration with few contacts to the d
Mboussa J; Service de Pneumophtisiologie, CHU de Brazzaville, Republique; populaire du Congo.
The authors has recorded all respiratory diseases encountered in the chest department of the University Hospital of Brazzaville, from January 1 to December 31, 1988. The case-records of 912 patients were involved in this study. Respiratory disease were found to be more frequent in men than in women. Tuberculosis ranke
Goldsteen RL; Goldsteen K; Department of Health and Safety Studies, University of Illinois,; Urbana-Champaign 61820.
An investigation into support for restrictions on people testing seropositive for HIV is reported on. Data were collected during telephone interviews with two-hundred adults aged eighteen to sixty-five in the Chicago metropolitan area. Using the analytic technique of LISREL, six models which attempt to explain support
Giesecke J; Scalia-Tomba G; Hakansson C; Karlsson A; Lidman K; Department of Infectious Disease Control (MME), Karolinska; Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
The time from infection with HIV to symptoms and AIDS is an important parameter in describing the natural course of HIV infection. We here describe disease progression in a group of 389 homo- and bisexual men. Of these 102 had known dates of infection, and during an average follow-up time of 31 months (range 2-108), 2
Steinmann E; di Gallo A; Ruttimann S; Loosli J; Dubach UC; Medizinische Universitats-Poliklinik, Departement fur Innere; Medizin, Kantonsspital Basel.
In 1986 and 1987 the stool samples of 206 patients of the Medical Outpatient Clinic Basel were examined prospectively for bacteria, protozoa and worms. Clinical data of the patients were recorded by questionnaire. The patient group comprised 63 immunocompetent patients as well as 23 HIV-infected patients, all with sym
Sturzenegger M; Rutz M; Neurologische Universitatsklinik, Inselspital Bern.
Bilateral radial nerve palsies are rare, and hence in this situation an underlying generalized peripheral neuropathy must always be considered. Among 103 patients with radial nerve palsies seen at our department during the last five years, there were three cases prese
Meystre-Agustoni G; Van Melle G; Chave JP; Martin J; Billo N; Glauser MP; Francioli P; Division des maladies infectieuses, Centre hospitalier; universitaire vaudois, Lausanne.
A two-phase survey was conducted in the Canton of Vaud among the 1006 registered private practitioners (response rate 98%). The first phase aimed at determining the proportion of these physicians involved in the care of HIV+ persons. The results showed that 43% of the practitioners had been consulted by HIV+ patients.
Lennon MC; Martin JL; Dean L; Division of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University, School of; Public Health, New York, NY 10032.
This paper examines the relationships between instrumental and emotional social support and the experience of grief reaction in a sample of 180 gay men who had lost a lover or close friend to AIDS during the first 5 years of the epidemic. Structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted in mid-1985. Grief reaction w
Singelenberg R; Department of Cultural Anthropology, University of Utrecht, The; Netherlands.
Jehovah s Witnesses are not allowed to accept a blood transfusion. According to the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society this therapy is a transgression of divine precepts. Additionally, in the judgement of the believers, secular proof is abundant these days; to them AIDS is a powerful justification to abstain from blo
Wilson D; Sibanda B; Mboyi L; Msimanga S; Dube G; Department of Psychology, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant.
In a health education pilot study for a programme to reduce HIV transmission among commercial sex workers (CSWs), 113 CSWs were interviewed and observed in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe during 1989. The educational level of the sample was low and less than a quarter had another job, either
South Med J. 1990 Oct;83(10):1121-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91019594
Orient JM; Infection Control Committee, Carondelet St. Joseph's Hospital,; Tucson, Ariz.
In determining infection control policy, it is essential to quantitatively assess the risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to health care workers and their families. The risk should be placed in perspective by comparing it with other occupational hazards. The risk of seroconversion from a needles
South Med J. 1990 Oct;83(10):1226-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91019615
Kramer MR; Gregg PA; Goldstein M; Llamas R; Krieger BP; Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami; Beach, Fla.
In conclusion, disseminated strongyloidiasis is a fatal disease that commonly affects the lungs. The disease should be suspected in an immunocompromised host who came from an area endemic for S stercoralis even years before the onset of symptoms or in patients with unexplained gram-negative bacteremia or meningitis. T
Kraft JW; Bostic JQ; Tallent MK; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine,; Lubbock 79409-4560.
We conducted this study to determine the knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and sources of AIDS information among teenagers in West Texas. We also examined differences by gender, ethnicity, and rural/urban status. Results were divided into the following categories: general knowledge of AIDS, AIDS-related attitudes, beha
Vacalis TD; George T; University of Texas, Austin 78712.
This article highlights for the practicing physician some of the more important laws and regulations related to and arising from the AIDS epidemic. Medical-legal issues regarding the availability of health care as defined by federal and state law regarding employment and level of medical care given based on HIV status
Hirschel B; Division des maladies infectieuses, Hopital cantonal; universitaire, Geneve.
Acyclovir and zidovudine are the two most widely used antiviral drugs. Acyclovir is efficacious against all infections caused by herpes simplex virus, but treatment must start early to be effective. Herpes zoster virus is less susceptible to acyclovir, but high doses shorten the
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1990 Aug 30;110(20):2660-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91020048
Arva P; Dobloug JH; Vatn S; Aarseth S; Lystad A; Bedriftshelsetjenesten, Aker sykehus, Oslo.
During the period from 1986 to 1989 a study was carried out to determine the risk of occupational exposure to hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus among approximately 5,500 employees at Aker hospital, Ulleval hospital and Sentralsykehuset in Akershus. Four hundred and fourteen injuries were reported duri
An increasing number of patients are immunocompromised due to modern treatment of cancer, organ transplantations and HIV-infections. Opportunistic viral infections are common and may cause serious disease among these patients. New vaccines, immunomodulators and antiviral drugs make it possible to prevent and treat man
Knutsen T; Waal H; Akuttinstitusjonen, Kriseavdeling for stoffmisbrukere, Oslo.
Drug taking behaviour(DTES), psychiatric condition(DSM-III-R) and physical health were evaluated in 44 HIV-positive inpatients at a detoxification unit for drug addicts during the period October 1987 to December 1988. The investigation revealed marked psychopathology, especially in terms of personality disorders. The
The knowledge of and attitudes to HIV infection were investigated by means of questionnaires during the period 1.10.1988 to 30.4.1989 in two small Danish Hospitals. Two hundred and thirty two nurses, 147 nursing aids, 44 doctors, 25 laboratory workers and 22 midwives took part in the investigation. The overall respons
Employment of allogenic blood products involves the risk of a series of complications in the recipient: transfusion-transmitted disease, immune suppression, immunological transfusion reactions and coagulopathy. Hepatitis C is the most common transfusion-transmitted infection with a post-transfusion incidence of 2-4%.
Tiley LS; Brown PH; Cullen BR; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University; Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) encodes a transcriptional trans-activator, termed Tat, that is absolutely required for viral replication in vitro. By analogy to other known transcription factors, it has been suggested that the HIV-1 Tat protein may contain discrete protein domains that determine sequence s
von Briesen H; Andreesen R; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Chemotherapeutisches Forschungsinstitut Georg-Speyer-Haus,; Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany.
The growth properties and cytopathic effects of several HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains were compared between cultures on human lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages, respectively. For some isolates (among these three paired isolates from blood and cerebrospinal fluid) replication and cytopathogenicity were comparable between
Recombinant vaccinia viruses that contained regions of the gag-pol open reading frames of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were constructed. Cells infected with recombinants containing both gag and protease genes expressed and processed HIV gag antigens efficiently. Processing was much reduced in cells infe
Banerjee R; Price PM; Sung MW; Karpen S; Acs G; Department of Neoplastic Diseases, Mount Sinai School of; Medicine, New York, New York 10029.
The transient expression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface and eJ antigens caused by transfection of human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells with HBV DNA was markedly inhibited by cotransfection with poly(I):poly(C). Cotransfection with poly(I):poly(C) also inhibited the expression of bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransfe
Zweig M; Samuel KP; Showalter SD; Bladen SV; DuBois GC; Lautenberger JA; Hodge DR; Papas TS; Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis Laboratory, Program Resources,; Inc., NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center,; Maryland 21702.
Human T-lymphocytic cell line H9 infected with the HTLV-IIIB isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) synthesizes two forms of the Nef protein (p25 and p27) that differ both in molecular weight and charge. Different subpopulations of viruses were isolated from the HTLV-IIIB stock which induce expression
Overton HA; McMillan DJ; Gridley SJ; Brenner J; Redshaw S; Mills JS; Department of Chemotherapy Biology, Roche Products Ltd., Welwyn; Garden City, Herts, U.K.
The ability of two novel synthetic compounds to inhibit the HIV protease-mediated processing of HIV-1 precursor polyproteins was investigated in an in vitro gag-protease mixed lysate assay system and in an assay using recombinant baculoviruses engineered to express the HIV-1 gag and pol genes in cultured insect cells.
Treatment of virions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with ionic and nonionic detergents (NP-40, octylglucoside, sodium deoxycholate) exerted an effect on the virus uncommon for enveloped viruses: instead of solubilization, both glycoproteins (gp120 and gp41) were found in subviral particles, whereas the
A hybrid plasmid pPR6 was constructed containing BgII-EcoRI fragment of the pol region of HIV (strain IIIB) genome which determined the synthesis of virus-specific protease. Extracts of E. coli DN5/pPR6 bacteria provided for specific hydrolysis of hybrid protein p165 (the N-terminus of which is presented by complete b
Interaction of HTLV-1 and vaccine strain of measles virus (VM-L16) in different T and B cell lines was studied. VM-L16 replicated in T and B cells with a cytopathic effect. At a multiplicity of infection of 1 TCD50 per 10 cells, all the cells in cultures died within 4-13 days. No effect of HTLV-1 on cell sensitivity t
The optimum conditions for using the method of radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in serum samples have been established. Out of several available cell lines persistently infected with HIV, specially selected line 17 has been chosen. The characteristic feature of thi
Moeller AA; Backmund HC; Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Institute for Clinical; Research, Munich, West Germany.
As part of the computerized tomographic assessment of an unselected group of 47 patients in different stages of HIV infection we determined the ventricle brain ratio (VBR) and the width of several cortical sulci. We compared the findings for subgroups of patients defined by their stage in the Walter Reed Staging Class
Five strains of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from the cerebro-spinal fluid and 4 from the blood of AIDS patients, were studied. Although morphologically identical, they differed in the auxanographic pattern. All strains were pathogenic for mice by intracerebral route. Six isolates were sensitive and the other thre
Am Fam Physician. 1990 Oct;42(4):971-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91022329
Brooke GL; Safran GF; Perlmutter BL; Perez JA; Zatlin GS; St. Mary Hospital, Hoboken, New Jersey.
Family physicians will be challenged with caring for increasing numbers of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. After confirming the presence of the infection, the physician must follow a logical sequence of evaluation, counseling and treatment. The current Centers for Disease Control classification an
Am J Cardiol. 1990 Oct 1;66(10):888-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91022418
Stein KM; Haronian H; Mensah GA; Acosta A; Jacobs J; Kligfield P; Department of Medicine, New York Hospital-Cornell University; Medical Center, New York 10021.
Nyberg M; Suni J; Haltia M; Department of Pathology, Aurora Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Blood and tissue were studied for potential infectivity at autopsy of ten patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Special attention was paid to the possibility of detecting HIV in bone at craniotomy. Postmortem intervals were one to six days. Specimens for HIV isolation included skull bone, brain,
Cash RG; Department of Orthodontics, Emory University School of Dentistry,; Savannah, Ga.
The present survey is a repetition of a 1987 survey examining the sterilization/disinfection procedures of Georgia s orthodontists. The purpose of this study is to examine the trends in orthodontic sterilization/disinfection procedures. Orthodontists in Georgia have dramatically changed their sterilization and disinfe
Am J Gastroenterol. 1990 Oct;85(10):1418-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91022625
Ortego TJ; Robey B; Morrison D; Chan C; Department of Gastroenterology, University of Arkansas for; Medical Sciences, Little Rock.
A 71-yr-old male presented with a 2-month history of fever, malaise, and weight loss. Physical exam revealed chorioretinitis. Laboratory studies were notable for elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase. Immunoglobulin G antibody to Toxopl
Am J Gastroenterol. 1990 Oct;85(10):1421-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91022626
Daly JS; Porter KA; Chong FK; Robillard RJ; Department of Medicine, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Gastrointestinal cryptococcosis is extremely rare, especially in patients with no involvement of the central nervous system. We describe a 63-yr-old man undergoing prednisone therapy for chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis who presented with peritonitis, colitis, and skin lesions. Pathological studies revealed necrosis an
Am J Hematol. 1990 Nov;35(3):210-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91022653
Green D; Snapper H; Abu-Jawdeh G; Reddy J; Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, Illinois.
Thrombosis in hemophilia is very rare and is usually associated with the administration of prothrombin complex concentrates. We describe a severe hemophiliac with P. carinii pneumonia who had clinical and laboratory evidence of acute myocardial infarction and disseminated intravascular coagulation, and at autopsy, non
Hoegsberg B; Abulafia O; Sedlis A; Feldman J; DesJalais D; Landesman S; Minkoff H; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New; York, Brooklyn 11203.
Both human immunodeficiency virus infections and pelvic inflammatory diseases are sexually acquired illnesses of great consequence to women. This study was undertaken to determine if women hospitalized with pelvic inflammatory disease, in a community endemic for human immunodeficiency virus, were at high risk to be in
Am J Ophthalmol. 1990 Oct 15;110(4):341-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91022924
Forster DJ; Dugel PU; Frangieh GT; Liggett PE; Rao NA; Department of Ophthalmology, Doheny Eye Institute, University of; Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Two patients, both seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus, developed rapidly progressive retinal necrosis associated with a systemic herpes zoster infection. The retinitis in these patients was characterized by primary involvement of the outer retina, with sparing of the inner retina and retinal vasculature
Am J Pathol. 1990 Oct;137(4):811-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91022978
Schaible UE; Gay S; Museteanu C; Kramer MD; Zimmer G; Eichmann K; Museteanu U; Simon MM; Max-Planck Institute for Immunobiology, Freiburg, Federal; Republic of Germany.
The authors describe the histopathologic evolution of Lyme disease in severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) and normal C.B-17 and C57BL/6 mice inoculated with Borrelia burgdorferi. Starting on day 7 after inoculation, all scid mice infected subcutaneously in the tail with a low-passage European tick isolate of B. bu
Wondrak EM; Copeland TD; Louis JM; Oroszlan S; Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Carcinogenesis,; NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701.
A solid phase assay for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease using an immobilized substrate, Affi Gel 10-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val-Gln-[3H]Gly-OH has been devised. The Tyr-Pro bond of the substrate was hydrolyzed by the protease, releasing the radiolabeled cleavage product, Pro-Ile-Val-Gln
Anal Biochem. 1990 Aug 1;188(2):408-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91023488
Hyland LJ; Dayton BD; Moore ML; Shu AY; Heys JR; Meek TD; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, SmithKline Beecham; Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
A rapid, high-throughput radiometric assay for HIV-1 protease has been developed using ion-exchange chromatography performed in 96-well filtration plates. The assay monitors the activity of the HIV-1 protease on the radiolabeled form of a heptapeptide substrate, [tyrosyl-3,5-3H]Ac-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Val-Val-NH2, whic
Kristensen MS; Sloth E; Jensen TK; Department of Anesthesia, Randers Central Hospital, Denmark.
We recorded the frequency with which anesthesia personnel came in contact with patient body fluids in order to provide an empirical basis for the recommendation of relevant precautions. Anesthesia personnel completed a questionnaire when performing a range of standardized procedures. The rate of contact with blood was
Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1990;48(6):413-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91023630
Laure F; Courgnaud V; Brechot C; Diagnostics Pasteur, Marnes, France.
The PCR technique detects HIV1 and HIV2 DNA and RNA sequences in mononuclear cells with high sensitivity. It allows therefore to analyse the mother to child HIV1 transmission. Moreover, in the near future, the quantification of the PCR products could allow the follow-up of the patients treated for HIV infection.
Jucker MT; Falkinham JO 3d; Department of Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State; University, Blacksburg 24061.
A 12.9 kb plasmid, pVT2, from a clinical Mycobacterium avium isolate, MD1, was cloned and radiolabeled for use as a DNA probe to examine the relatedness of plasmids in M. avium complex. That probe hybridized with plasmids isolated from M. avium complex strains from the environment (7 of 16) and from non-acquired immun
Lowery WS; Whitlock WL; Dietrich RA; Fine JM; Pulmonary Disease Service, Psbyterian Medical Center, San; Francisco, California.
We report three cases of sarcoidosis complicated by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and review four other isolated case reports in the literature. There is clinical overlap of both diseases, including symptoms, pulmonary function abnormalities, and lymphocyte function. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in thes
Ann Intern Med. 1990 Nov 1;113(9):677-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91023794
Baskin MI; Abd AG; Ilowite JS; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York,; New York.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of varying body position and breathing pattern on overall lung distribution of aerosolized pentamidine. DESIGN: Nonrandomized control trial with four weekly inhalational treatments. SETTING: The nuclear medicine department of a voluntary hospital. PATIENTS: Sixteen men with the acqui
Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac. 1990;107(5):311-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91023927
Gehanno P; Barry B; Depondt J; Guedon C; Poignonec S; Leport C; Gorin I; Service ORL, Groupe Hospitalier Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris.
In a series of 12 patients suffering from an HIV infection, including 9 with confirmed AIDS, who complained about pharyngeal pain in a fixed site, having a progressive intensity and not relieved by antalgics and the specific treatments that were prescribed empirically, and for whom etiological investigation yielded ne
Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1990 Sep;72(5):281-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91023972
Stotter AT; Vipond MN; Guillou PJ; Academic Surgical Unit, St Mary's Hospital, London.
The prevalence of HIV in the UK has been estimated to be 1 in 1000 of the population. Surgeons are at particular risk of occupational transmission from infected blood. To determine the effect of HIV on surgical practice we sent a questionnaire to 681 general surgeons in England and Wales; 450 replied (66%). Of those w
McDonald V; Stables R; Warhurst DC; Barer MR; Blewett DA; Chapman HD; Connolly GM; Chiodini PL; McAdam KP; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
Sporozoites of Cryptosporidium parvum which were excysted in vitro from oocysts isolated from calves or patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome underwent development in monolayers of the mouse fibroblast cell line L929. Asexual multiplication occurred, with the maximum numbers of parasites usually being obse
Clinical cardiac manifestations are rare in the course of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but cardiac lesions can be found at autopsy in 60% of cases. Myocardium and pericardium are the most frequently involved. Cardiac involvement in opportunistic infections, Kaposi s sarcoma, and non Hodgkin s malignant l
Newsome GS; Ward DJ; Pierce PF; Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007.
Spontaneous pneumothorax is a known complication of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. To evaluate the possible pathogenesis and natural history of pneumothorax in patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis, we retrospectively reviewed 327 outpatients po
Crespo MD; Ochoa E; Vicente N; Perez de los Cobos J; Morales P; Unidad de Psiquiatria de Enlace del Hospital Ramon y Cajal,; Madrid.
A follow-up study after one or two years of treatment was carried out on 107 AIDS patients who were seen by the Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Unit of the Ramon y Cajal Hospital. The sample was reduced to 52 patients (49%) mainly due to the lack of check-ups in 43% and to the death of 8% of the cases. 36% of patients
The psychiatric disorders related with HIV infection can take various and complex forms. One case of Hypomania in a drug abuser patient with HIV + is reported, and it is suggested that this virus may produce symptomatology indistinguishable from the functional disorders.
Sokoloff L; Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Stony; Brook 11794-8691.
Thirty-two knee and 23 sternoclavicular joints from 35 subjects with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were examined prospectively at necropsy. There were two instances of opportunistic infectious arthritis: one caused by Staphylococcus aureus, the other by Sporothrix schenckii. In five other subjects, para-articular
Sanders RC; Levin A; Anian G; Webber I; Lee H; Swanson P; Diwan A; Desowitz R; Blattner WA; Alpers MP; Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka.
Serum samples collected in 1984 during a malariometric survey of two villages in the East Sepik Province of Papua New Guinea were tested for antibodies to HTLV-I. None of the villagers showed any symptoms suggestive of retrovirus in
The paper relates the author s concern for diminishing interest of the pathologists to investigations of adult acute pneumonia, though chronic lung diseases and acute childhood pneumonia draw much attention. It is believed invalid to neglect classic methods of histobacterioscopy which are to be advanced. The researche
Perl A; Nagy K; Pazmany T; Isaacs C; Baraczka K; Szabo T; Feher J; Second Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest,; Hungary.
The involvement of human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLVs) in the pathogenesis of 18 Hungarian patients with multiple sclerosis was investigated. No antibody to HTLVs could be detected in any of the patients. Furthermore, using polymerase chain reaction under highly sensitive conditions, neither HTLV-I DNA nor HTLV-II D
Chen IS; Haislip AM; Myers LW; Ellison GW; Merrill JE; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine.
We tested 11 patients with multiple sclerosis for the presence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)- or type II (HTLV-II)-related sequences. DNA from blood mononuclear cells was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction utilizing three different oligonucleotide primer pairs. Two of these primer pairs detect
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Oct 15;172(1):288-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91025057
Rosowsky A; Saha J; Fazely F; Koch J; Ruprecht RM; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; Massachusetts 02115.
The water-soluble ammonium salt of 3 -azido-5 -(O-ethoxycarbonylphosphinyl)-3 -deoxythymidine (ECP- AZT ), the prototype of a novel class of compounds incorporating two active antiretroviral agents, in this case 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (AZT) and phos
Reveille JD; Conant MA; Duvic M; Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science; Center, Houston 77225.
The presence of peripheral arthritis and HLA-A, B, C, DR, and DQ antigens was evaluated prospectively in 18 Caucasian men with human immunodeficiency virus-associated psoriasis. An asymmetric polyarthritis occurred in 32% of the patients and correlated with the presence of HLA-B27. Extensive clinical overlap between p
We have developed a system in animal cells which allows the quantification of frameshifting determined by specific mRNA sequences. The method is based on the expression of an N-terminally extended firefly luciferase gene which requires frameshifting in order to be translated as a functional enzyme. The systems sensiti
Gumbel H; Ohrloff C; Shah PM; Zentrum der Augenheilkunde, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universitat,; Frankfurt/M.
We evaluated the incidence of bacterial cultures taken from 23 outpatient and nosocomial AIDS patients. It was found that 36.6% of the 11 outpatients had non-pathogenic bacterial flora (Staphylococcus epidermis). Staphylococcus aureus as a pathogenic bacterium was found in 25% of the positive cultures in a group of 12
The control of (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (H4biopterin) synthesis in primed T cells was analyzed by using the human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-transformed T cell line MT-2. In contrast to the slowly progressing induction of H4biopterin synthesis during activation of resting T cells, it is completed du
Cavard C; Zider A; Vernet M; Bennoun M; Saragosti S; Grimber G; Briand P; Unite 152 Institut Cochin de Genetique Moleculaire, Institut; National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medical, Paris, France.
It has been previously shown in vitro that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat (LTR) is activated by ultraviolet irradiation. In order to analyze if a similar effect could occur in vivo, transgenic mice carrying the lacZ gene under the control of the viral LTR were irradiated at 280-300 and 25
Tokuda Y; Nakamura T; Satonaka K; Maeda S; Doi K; Baba S; Sugiyama T; Department of Pathology, Kobe University School of Medicine,; Japan.
The mechanism of DNA degradation and its clinical applications were examined. When purified lambda phage and extracted liver DNA were fixed in phosphate buffered formaldehyde, the DNA did not degrade, but there was incomplete digestion with endonuclease. Rat liver tissues were fixed under various conditions and DNA ex
Hulsebosch HJ; Claessen FA; van Ginkel CJ; Kuiters GR; Goudsmit J; Lange JM; Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Centre, University of; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exanthem can be the primary manifestation of HIV infection. We report three cases of an exanthematous skin eruption associated with acute HIV infection. HIV antigen (p24 core antigen) was present, whereas results of the HIV antibody test were negative.
DeBehnke DJ; Angelos MG; Wright State University School of Medicine, Department of; Emergency Medicine, Dayton, Ohio 45401-0927.
Hemophiliacs, as a result of low coagulation factor levels, may suffer spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage. A case of intracranial hemorrhage in a hemophiliac patient with a history of intravenous drug abuse and HIV infection is reported. Factor replacement, airway management, and risks of HIV exposure to emergency de
Groot RH; van Merkesteyn JP; Bras J; Department of Oral Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
The incidence of non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is relatively high. However, there have been few reports on the clinical and histopathological features of oral manifestations of NHL in these patients. The lesions reported so far were all tumorous swellings wi
Larsen CE; Alford DR; Young LJ; McGraw TP; Duzgunes N; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
Simian immunodeficiency virus from macaques (SIVmac) is closely related in its structure and biological activity to human immunodeficiency virus, and is the best animal model for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We investigated the kinetics of membrane fusion between SIVmac and phospholipid vesicles and the eff
Lopez-Anaya A; Unadkat JD; Schumann LA; Smith AL; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of; Washington, Seattle 98195.
The pharmacokinetics of zidovudine (ZDV or azidothymidine) were investigated in newborn macaques (Macaca nemestrina) at various ages ranging from less than 1 week to 4 months. The mean ZDV total plasma clearance, renal clearance, and the metabolic clearance of ZDV to the glucuronide (ZDVG) were significantly (p less t
Conway B; Adler KE; Bechtel LJ; Kaplan JC; Hirsch MS; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; 02114.
The aim of this study was to detect HIV-1 proviral DNA in lysates of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hybridization with a nonradioactive probe. PBMCs were lysed in 1% Triton X-100. PCR was then carried out using primers complementary to a conserved region of the HI
Hope TJ; McDonald D; Huang XJ; Low J; Parslow TG; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco; 94143-0506.
The expression of certain mRNAs from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is controlled by the viral transactivator Rev, a nucleolar protein that binds a cis-acting element in these mRNAs. Rev is encoded by two viral exons that specify amino acids 1 to 26 and 27 to 116, respectively. Earlier studies have mapped
Misago N; Nishi T; Motoki K; Kohda H; Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School.
Three cases of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) with cutaneous lesions of disseminated papules or nodules were treated with recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by intravenous administration. Clinical stage of each case was different, i.e., 1) preleukemic state of ATL (pre-ATL), 2) chronic-type ATL, and 3) crisis
N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 8;323(19):1308-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91015274
Busch MP; Taylor PE; Lenes BA; Kleinman SH; Stuart M; Stevens CE; Tomasulo PA; Allain JP; Hollingsworth CG; Mosley JW; Irwin Memorial Blood Center, San Francisco, CA.
BACKGROUND. The p24 antigen of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is sometimes detected before antibody (anti-HIV-1) is detectable in the serum of recently infected persons. This has led to the consideration of p24-antigen testing for routine screening of blood donors. METHODS. To estimate how many HIV-infect
N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 8;323(19):1312-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91015275
Alter HJ; Epstein JS; Swenson SG; VanRaden MJ; Ward JW; Kaslow RA; Menitove JE; Klein HG; Sandler SG; Sayers MH; et al; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
BACKGROUND. We performed a multicenter study in 1989 to determine whether screening whole-blood donors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p24 antigen would improve transfusion safety by identifying carriers of the virus who are seronegative for HIV-1 antibody. METHODS. More than 500,000 donations were tes
Mulder JW; Lange JM; de Wolf F; Houweling JT; Bakker M; Coutinho RA; Goudsmit J; Department of Infectious Diseases, Municipal Health Service,; Amsterdam.
HIV-1 p24 antigen levels were determined in sequential serum samples from 71 subjects with persistent p24 antigenaemia, obtained over a period of 6-36 months during which no antiretroviral treatment was given. Fifty-six subjects were initially symptom free: 39 remained so during follow-up and 17 developed AIDS. Fiftee
Mil Med. 1990 Sep;155(9):394-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91015813
Wilson KW; Winget D; Wilks S; Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland AFB, TX 78236.
Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) is a protozoan that may inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract. In our study we reviewed the signs and symptoms of patients at Wilford Hall with stool specimens positive for B. hominis. These patients fell into four groups, HIV-positive adults, foreign nationals, children, and adult
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7492-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017532
SenGupta DN; Berkhout B; Gatignol A; Zhou AM; Silverman RH; Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the; Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799.
Translational effects of the RNA leader and Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were investigated in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. Hybrid RNA species with natural or mutated HIV-1 leader fused to human interferon- gamma mRNA were produced in vitro from recombinant plasmids. HIV-1 leader RNA was fo
Public Health Rep. 1990 Sep-Oct;105(5):463-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91018162
Vilnius D; Dandoy S; Division of Community Health Services, Utah Department of Health,; Salt Lake City 84116-0660.
When resources are limited, decisions must be made regarding which public health activities to undertake. A priority rating system, which incorporates various data sources, can be used to quantify disease problems or risk factors, or both. The model described in this paper ranks public health issues according to size,
Public Health Rep. 1990 Sep-Oct;105(5):496-504. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91018167
Smyser MS; Bryce J; Joseph JG; Special Office on AIDS Prevention, Michigan Department of Public; Health.
AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and precautionary behaviors were assessed among a random sample of Michigan-licensed emergency medical service (EMS) professionals between June and August 1988. Of 2,000 mailed questionnaires, 1,020 were returned (51 percent response), and 997 of the returned questionnaires were used
Public Health Rep. 1990 Sep-Oct;105(5):504-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91018168
Dengelegi L; Weber J; Torquato S; Rutgers University, Institute for Health, New Brunswick, NJ; 08903.
The investigators interviewed 100 drug users in a detoxification facility before and after they received information about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The drug users already had a considerable amount of information about AIDS and HIV transmission modes before they
Public Health Rep. 1990 Sep-Oct;105(5):510-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91018169
Patel KK; Hutchinson C; Sienko DG; Special Office on AIDS Prevention, Michigan Department of Public; Health, Lansing.
Seroprevalence surveys of incoming inmates provide useful sentinel information on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection rates among groups that practice HIV-associated high-risk behaviors. In addition, such data are beneficial to corrections officials in the formulation of institutional policies to prevent HIV
Mariotti M; Rouger P; Thauvin M; Salmon C; Lefrere JJ; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
Individuals with isolated and persistent core antibodies (anti-p24 or -p17) to HIV-1 are sometimes diagnosed through the systematic screening of blood donations. The significance of such serum reactivities remains unknown. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a new technique allowing the direct detection of HIV-1 DNA in
Castro BA; Barnett SW; Evans LA; Moreau J; Odehouri K; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
Seven HIV-2 isolates recovered from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients from the Ivory Coast have been biologically characterized. All seven strains replicated well in primary human lymphocyte and macrophage cultures and in established human T cell lines. The
Mares M; Sartori MT; Carretta M; Bertaggia A; Girolami A; 2nd Chair of Medicine, University of Padual Medical School,; Italy.
A hemophilia B patient, seropositive for HIV antibodies since 1984, came to us in March 1989 with a severe necrotizing lesion of the nose. It was an erythematous lesion and looked like rhinophyma. Microbiological examination of the skin biopsy showed the presence of Cryptococcus neoformans. At the time of the study, t
Hartmann LC; Nauseef WM; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Iowa,; Iowa City.
We report a case of polyarticular group B streptococcal infection in an HIV-negative 46-year-old alcoholic with factor IX deficiency. Septic arthritis occurs infrequently in the hemophilic population despite their chronic joint disease; indications for diagnostic arthrocentesis in these individuals are discussed. The
Grafe MR; Press GA; Berthoty DP; Hesselink JR; Wiley CA; Department of Pathology, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Diego 92103.
The ability of MR to detect CNS lesions in AIDS patients was evaluated by postmortem scanning of 10 formalin-fixed brains. Nine patients had premortem mental status changes and five had focal neurologic deficits. The brains were imaged and sectioned in corresponding planes. MR images showed atrophy in eight of the 10.
Am J Med. 1990 Oct;89(4):451-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91022801
Kramer F; Modilevsky T; Waliany AR; Leedom JM; Barnes PF; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
PURPOSE: To determine the frequency with which the diagnosis of tuberculosis is delayed in patients with concomitant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and to identify reasons for such delays. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed medical records of 52 consecutive HIV-infected patients with culture-proven tuber
Minkoff HL; Moreno JD; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New; York Health Science Center, Brooklyn.
More than 5000 women infected with human immunodeficiency virus give birth annually in the United States . Many of these women are offered human immunodeficiency virus tests in prenatal settings. One of the incentives for them to be tested is access to medications that have been shown t
Torres RA; Mani S; Altholz J; Brickner PW; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center; of New York, NY 10011.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence among a selected sample of 169 high-risk homeless men residing in a congregate shelter in New York City, NY, was 62%. Seropositivity for HIV correlated significantly with intravenous drug use (odds ratio, 3.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 4.4) and active tubercu
Miedema F; Tersmette M; van Lier RA; Department of Clinical Immunology and Virology, Central; Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
Froschl M; Land HG; Landthaler M; Dermatological Department, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich,; West Germany.
Diseases of the skin and visible mucous membranes are important signs of HIV infection. Dermatitis and eczema present mostly as seborrheic dermatitis. Thirty-one % of asymptomatic patients in seropositive latency period and up to 83% of AIDS patients present with this common symptom of HIV infection. Up to now there ig
Macatonia SE; Lau R; Patterson S; Pinching AJ; Knight SC; MRC Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, Middlesex, U.K.
Immune responses in resting T cells are initiated by the presentation of antigen by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC). Normal DC are susceptible to infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro (Patterson & Knight, 1987) and this blocks their capacity to stimulate T-cell responses to other antig
Hellinger FJ; Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, U.S. Department of; Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852-4993.
Two methods used to forecast AIDS cases--trend analysis and back calculation--are examined in this paper. I forecast AIDS cases using trend analysis with data on the number of cases reported between January 1984 and March 1990. Forecasts using back calculation methods are based on the assumption that the progression r
May LP; Kelly J; Sanchez M; Department of Dermatology, New York University Medical Center, NY; 10016.
We report two men with human immunodeficiency virus infection who had unusual cutaneous manifestations of hypereosinophilic syndrome, exfoliative erythroderma, and linear flagellate plaques. In the first patient the cutaneous disease was the initial manifestation, and in the second the skin was the only organ affected
Yu XF; Matsuda M; Essex M; Lee TH; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
The genomes of simian immunodeficiency viruses isolated from rhesus macaques (SIVmac) contain an open reading frame (ORF), vpr, which has a coding potential of 97 to 101 amino acid residues. In this study, a vpr ORF-encoded protein of approximately 11 kDa was identified, and anti-vpr antibodies were detected in rhesus
Faber HJ; Sprenger HG; Weits J; Department of Internal Medicine, State University Hospital; Groningen.
This is a case report of a 31-yr-old homosexual male with AIDS, admitted to our clinic with a relapse P. carinii pneumonitis (PCP) and a previous history of severe adverse reactions to currently used therapy. He was treated successfully with trimetrexate (TMTX), a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor combined with leucov
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7613-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017555
Karpas A; Hewlett IK; Hill F; Gray J; Byron N; Gilgen D; Bally V; Oates JK; Gazzard B; Epstein JE; Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Clinical School,; United Kingdom.
We tried to assess the long-term safety and potential efficacy of passive immunization in AIDS-related-complex (ARC) and AIDS patients. We also wanted to establish whether hyperimmune plasma from healthy human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals clears the cell-free virus from circulation. Using the
The analysis of curative and diagnostic work of AIDS counselling and diagnostic units (CDU) showed that during a year and a half 15,000 people had been screened, 27 of these were identified as persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 4 persons identified at other places, were registered for followu
Auger IE; Lawrence CE; Laboratory of Biometrics, Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and; Research, New York State Department of Health, Albany 12201.
Amphipathic helices, which play important roles in protein structure, occur in a wide variety of lengths. Yet existing methods employ fixed window lengths. We present a hierarchical procedure that identifies the Q most significant amphipathic helices regardless of length. Since the observed hydrophobicities are not no
The trans-activating visna virus and HIV-1 Tat proteins share, at their amino-acid sequence level, a significant 60% analogy on 17 consecutive residues. These homologous sequences are also found in a part of the short neurotoxin sequence from snake venom. Synthetic peptides representative of the two analogous viral se
Cancer. 1990 Oct 15;66(8):1763-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91003891
Matsuzaki H; Asou N; Kawaguchi Y; Hata H; Yoshinaga T; Kinuwaki E; Ishii T; Yamaguchi K; Takatsuki K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; Medical School, Japan.
A patient with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) whose serum contained high levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptors is reported. Soluble interleukin-2 receptors in the supernatant of cultured SCLC cells obtained from the patient s pleural effusion while he had malignant pleuritis, increased almost linearly from the time
Cell. 1990 Oct 5;63(1):77-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91004229
Rhee SS; Hunter E; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
Two different morphogenic processes of retroviral capsid assembly have been observed: the capsid is either assembled at the plasma membrane during the budding process (type C), or preassembled within the cytoplasm (types B and D). We describe here a gag mutant of Mason- Pfizer
Snoeck R; Lagneaux L; Delforge A; Bron D; Van der Auwera P; Stryckmans P; Balzarini J; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
Phosphonoformate, ganciclovir, zidovudine and the novel acyclic nucleotide analogues (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine [(S)-HPMPA] and (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine [(S)-HPMPC] were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on colony forming unit formation by human granulocyte-macrop
De Rossi A; Roncella S; Calabro ML; D'Andrea E; Pasti M; Panozzo M; Mammano F; Ferrarini M; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, University of Padova, Italy.
Four Epstein-Barr virus-positive lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) were successfully infected in vitro with immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) as demonstrated by reverse transcriptase activity and p24 HIV antigen in culture supernatants, positive cell staining for gag-encoded HIV proteins, presence of viral HIV genom
Thompson A; Hendriks RW; Kraakman ME; Koning F; Langlois-van den Bergh R; Vossen JM; Weemaes CM; Schuurman RK; Division of Immunobiology and Genetics, University Medical; Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
An autosomal recessive type of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) was characterized by an absence of immunoglobulins (Ig) in the serum and of Ig+ lymphocytes in bone barrow (BM) and peripheral blood. In the BM CD10+/terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-positive lymphocytes were identified. Epstein-Barr v
Shindo T; Sugie K; Nakamura K; Tagaya Y; Maeda M; Uchiyama T; Sagawa K; Yokoyama M; Wada H; Hitomi S; et al; Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University,; Japan.
Using KOLT-2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) recognizing a 44,000 molecular weight (MW) T-cell activation antigen (CD28), we observed the co-expression of KOLT-2 (CD28) antigen and Tac (CD25) antigen, associated with a 55,000 MW chain of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) complex. IL-2R (p55), on several T-cell lines transf
Lymph nodes obtained from 7 HIV-positive and 20 HIV-negative patients with Hodgkin s disease were examined for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus antigens and genome. EBV antigens were observed in only 2 out of 20 HIV-negative patients, whereas lymph nodes of HIV-positive patients did not reveal evidence of EBV antige
Owens BJ; Anantharamaiah GM; Kahlon JB; Srinivas RV; Compans RW; Segrest JP; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
The envelope (membrane) glycoprotein of HIV is essential for virus attachment and entry into host cells. Additionally, when expressed on the plasma membrane of infected cells, the envelope protein is responsible for mediating cell-cell fusion which leads to the formation of multinucleated giant cells, one of the major
Blatchford NR; Janssen Research Foundation, Wantage, Oxon, United Kingdom.
Oral candidosis is a common infection in infants, elderly persons, patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The orally active antifungal agent itraconazole has been evaluated in a number of different patient populations with oral and oropharyngeal candi
Viviani MA; Tortorano AM; Pagano A; Vigevani GM; Gubertini G; Cristina S; Assaisso ML; Suter F; Farina C; Minetti B; et al; Istituto di Igiene, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
Since January 1985 more than 100 patients with deep fungal infections have been treated with itraconazole (200 to 400 mg/day) in Northern Italy . Evaluation of the drug efficacy and tolerance was possible in one patient with sporotrichosis, in 34 with aspergillosis, and in 36 with cr
Denning DW; Tucker RM; Hanson LH; Stevens DA; Department of Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San; Jose, CA 95128.
Striking results were obtained with oral itraconazole therapy in two opportunistic mycoses. Of 28 patients with cryptococcal meningitis, 18 achieved complete responses, including 16 of 24 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Other manifestations of cryptococcosis were similarly responsive. In aspergillosi
As we enter the 1990s drug abuse has once again become a major health concern, and for the first time the drug treatment field has had to address many of the policy, regulation, and planning issues resulting from cost inflation that have become commonplace in other parts of the health care field. To avoid serious erro
Thomas V; El Alaoui S; Roch AM; Quash G; Laboratoire d'Immunochemie, INSERM C.J.F., 89-05, Faculte de; Medecine Lyon Sud, Chemin du Petit Revoyet, BP 12, Oullins,; France.
The coupling of viral antigens from parainfluenza virus (PIV-1), cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) to chemically functionalized polystyrene plates has permitted us to develop a covalent enzyme-lin
Rappersberger K; Tschachler E; Zonzits E; Gillitzer R; Hatzakis A; Kaloterakis A; Mann DL; Popow-Kraupp T; Biggar RJ; Berger R; et al; Department of Dermatology I, University of Vienna Medical School,; Austria.
In 1984, Greek physicians reported on the clustering of cases of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) on the Peloponnesus peninsula. To gain more insight into its pathogenesis, we studied the seroepidemiologic and clinicopathologic characteristics of 12 Greek KS patients (eight male/four female) five of whom were residents of an end
O'Brien JM; Montgomery RR; Burns WH; Gaffney DK; Sieber F; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin.
Dry or wet heat, solvents, and detergents combined with ultraviolet irradiation provide effective means of sterilizing soluble blood products such as albumin or factor VIII. For obvious reasons, these procedures are not applicable to cellular blood components. We have recently shown that simultaneous exposure to the p
Rhodes A; James W; Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, U.K.
Antisense RNA, which has a sequence complementary to mRNA, may provide the basis for antiviral therapies of high selectivity. We have explored the inhibitory effect of six antisense RNAs upon the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in cell culture. We chose regions of the HIV genome to test whether seque
Davis D; Chaudhri B; Stephens DM; Carne CA; Willers C; Lachmann PJ; Molecular Immunopathology Unit, MRC Centre, Cambridge, U.K.
Six major epitopes have been recognized within the transmembrane gp41 molecule of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The immunodominant epitope is also recognized by antibodies in sera from laboratory personnel and is similar to a linear sequence of amino acids in the genome protein of two rhinovirus serotyp
Panegyres PK; Papadimitriou JM; Hollingsworth PN; Armstrong JA; Kakulas BA; Department of Neuropathology, Royal Perth Hospital, Western; Australia.
Six patients with AIDS and AIDS related complex (ARC) who developed neuromuscular symptoms associated with vesicular changes in muscle fibres are reported. Two patients in the advanced stages of AIDS, who did not receive zidovudine, developed proximal limb weakness and wasting: both had a necrotising myopathy with an
Roilides E; Mertins S; Eddy J; Walsh TJ; Pizzo PA; Rubin M; Infectious Diseases Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Because polymorphonuclear neutrophils are the most important component of host defense against bacteria, we assessed their function in 13 children with asymptomatic and 12 with symptomatic infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and compared their values with healthy adult control values. The funct
Laue L; Pizzo PA; Butler K; Cutler GB Jr; Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.; 20007.
To assess whether neuroendocrine dysfunction is present in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and growth failure, we evaluated the thyroid, adrenal, and growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) axes in nine children with AIDS and failure to thrive. Basal thyroid-stimulating hormone, fre
de Mars M; Cizdziel PE; Murphy EC Jr; Department of Tumor Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson; Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
We have examined splice site activation in relation to intron structure in murine sarcoma virus (MuSV)-124 RNA. MuSV-124 contains inactive murine leukemia virus env gene splice sites (termed 5 env and 3 env) as well as cryptic sites in the gag and v-mos genes (termed 5 gag and 3 mos) which are activated for thermo
Massey AC; Coppola MA; Thomas CY; Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences; Center, Charlottesville 22908.
The acquisition of U3 region sequences derived from the endogenous xenotropic provirus Bxv-1 appears to be an important step in the generation of leukemogenic recombinant viruses in AKR, HRS, C58, and some CWD mice. We report here that each of three CWD lymphomas produced infectious xenotropic murine leukemia virus re
Bonnet D; Spahr PF; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Geneva,; Switzerland.
In avian cells, the product of the gag gene of Rous sarcoma virus, Pr76gag, has been shown to be targeted to the plasma membrane, to form virus particles, and then to be processed into mature viral gag proteins. To explore how these phenomena may be dependent upon cellular (host) factors, we expressed the Rous sarcoma
Good RA; Ogasawara M; Liu WT; Lorenz E; Day NK; Department of Pediatrics, All Children's Hospital, University of; South Florida, St. Petersburg.
The immunosuppressive properties of retroviruses were first demonstrated by Old et al. We later showed that Gross Passage A retrovirus superinfection in mice resulted in decreased antibody production and diminished allograft rejection. We have studied in some detail the immunosuppression which occurs subsequent to inf
Racz P; Tenner-Racz K; van Vloten F; Schmidt H; Dietrich M; Gluckman JC; Letvin NL; Janossy G; Department of Pathology, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for Tropical; Medicine, Hamburg, West Germany.
Based on immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and electron microscopy, lymphatic tissue changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other retroviral infections represent different stages of a dynamic process progressing from hyperplasia to atrophy. The germinal centers (GC) function early as a virus rese
Sninsky JJ; Department of Infectious Diseases, Cetus Corporation, Emeryville,; California.
Although the detection of antibodies to a specific pathogen is used initially as the assay of choice, direct detection of human retroviruses is difficult. First, only a small fraction of cells are infected in the peripheral blood and lymphatic tissue may serve as a reservoir for infection. Second, infected cells may h
Pierron H; Gillet R; Perrimond H; Broudeur JC; Soudry G; Service de pediatrie 1, hopital intercommunal Toulon/La Seyne,; France.
The authors report 4 cases of Yersinia enterocolitica (Ye) infection in patients with hemoglobin disorders (3 beta thalassemia major, 1 sickle cell anemia). Patients with hemoglobin disorders are particularly vulnerable to Ye infection. Predisposing factors consist mainly of iron overload and deferoxamine therapy; sup
Shpaer EG; Mullins JI; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University; School of Medicine, CA 94305-5402.
Extremely low frequencies of CpG dinucleotides are found in the genomes of the lentivirus subfamily of retroviruses, including the human, simian and feline immunodeficiency viruses (HIV1, HIV2, SIV, and FIV, respectively), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), and the ovine lentivirus, Visna. The occurrence of CpG di
Cochereau-Massin I; Le Hoang P; Lautier-Frau M; Zazoun L; Marcel P; Robinet M; Besingue A; Rousselie F; Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hopital La Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis is the most frequent ocular infection in AIDS, and it is responsible for blindness. Intravitreal injections of ganciclovir in doses of 400 g have been tried in patients who could not tolerate any systemic treatment. Induction ther
Mod Pathol. 1990 Jul;3(4):429-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017478
Bashir RM; Hochberg FH; Harris NL; Purtilo D; Department of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center,; Omaha.
In situ hybridization, using a biotinylated sequence from the internal repeat (IR1) region of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), was performed on two well characterized EBV-infected cell lines, B95-8 (productively infected) and Namalwa (latently infected), and on eighteen formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary central nervou
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7497-501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91017533
Tiley LS; Brown PH; Le SY; Maizel JV; Clements JE; Cullen BR; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, NC 27710.
Visna virus is an ungulate lentivirus that is distantly related to the primate lentiviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Replication of HIV-1 and of other complex primate retroviruses, including human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), requires the expression in trans of a virally encode
Henkes H; Schorner W; Jochens R; Lang P; Ruf B; Heise W; Trautmann M; Felix R; Radiologische Klinik, Universitatsklinikum Rudolf; Virchow/Standort, Charlottenburg.
We studied 129 AIDS patients with suspected or proved intracranial manifestations of the disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic sensitivity of unenhanced and contrast enhanced CT and unenhanced T2-weighted MR. In 35/129 patients CT and MR findings were normal. In 37/129 patients equivalent fi
Schulman S; Grillner L; Department of Internal Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm,; Sweden.
The prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis C virus in 160 Swedish patients with haemophilia or related coagulation disorders and 13 heterosexual partners was assessed by means of an ELISA method. A high prevalence of HCV antibodies was found in haemophiliacs with chronic hepatitis (87%), with HIV-antibodies (87%),
Jensen BN; Gerstoft J; Hojlyng N; Backer V; Paaske M; Gomme G; Skinhoj P; Department of Infectious Diseases, State University Hospital,; Copenhagen, Denmark.
On well defined criteria a total of 102 fiberoptic bronchoscopies (FB) were done on HIV-infected patients with pulmonary symptoms. A microbiological agent was identified in 85 patients (83%). Pneumocystis carinii (PC) was histologically verified in 61 patients, bacteria cultured in 22 patients, and
Bushman FD; Fujiwara T; Craigie R; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes,; and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Efficient retroviral growth requires integration of a DNA copy of the viral RNA genome into a chromosome of the host. As a first step in analyzing the mechanism of integration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA, a cell-free system was established that models the integration reaction. The in vitro system depends
South Med J. 1990 Oct;83(10):1231-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91019617
Berman S; Jensen J; Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical; Center, Long Beach, Calif. 90822.
A 43-year-old man with AIDS had a periodontal abscess, no fever, and normal findings on funduscopic examination. Three months later, the abscess area was debrided, and histologic examination of the tissue revealed osteomyelitis of the mandible. Within the area of osteomyelitis were numerous cells with inclusions typic
Lindstrom P; Harris M; Hoberman AM; Dunnick JK; Morrissey RE; National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental; Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
2 ,3 -Dideoxycytidine (DDC), a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is presently undergoing clinical trials as a promising anti-AIDS drug. Since there are very limited published animal toxicity data available, and nucleoside analogues are being considered for treatment of HIV-infected pregnant women
Aukrust P; Medisinsk avdeling, A Rikshospitalet, Oslo.
Infection with acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex-virus is now a clinical reality in patients with AIDS or who are otherwise immunocompromised. The most common mechanism of resistance is selection of mutants with inability to express thymidine kinase activity. Vidarabine, foscarnet and gancyclovir can be used to treat
Canivet M; Hoffman AD; Hardy D; Sernatinger J; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
Human T cells co-infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and the xenotropic or dual-tropic mouse type C virus (MuLV) give rise, by phenotypic mixing, to progeny virus that can transfer HIV-1 into a wide variety of mammalian and avian cells. Differences in the extent of HIV-1 replication in these
Saltarelli M; Querat G; Konings DA; Vigne R; Clements JE; Division of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
The lentivirus caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) is closely related by nucleotide sequence homology to visna virus and other sheep lentiviruses and shows less similarity to the other animal and human lentiviruses. The genomic organization of CAEV is very similar to that of visna virus and the South African o
Burstein H; Resnick-Roguel N; Hamburger J; Arad G; Malkinson M; Kotler M; Department of Molecular Genetics, Hebrew University-Hadassah; Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
An avian retrovirus isolated from spontaneous cavernous hemangiomas of layer hens codes for an env protein that induces a cytopathic effect on a wide variety of cultured avian and mammalian cells and also causes thrombogenicity of endothelial cells. Sequence analysis of the avian hemangioma inducing virus revealed uni
Kondzhariia IG; D'iachenko AG; Lapin BA; Rudaia LD
Proviral integration of a simian T-cell leukemia virus, S(H)TLV-I, highly homologous to human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 was examined in cellular DNAs isolated from lymphoid organs of lymphomatous and healthy baboons from the Sukhumi monkey colony. Most of the sick and some of healthy monkeys contained HTLV-I-relate
Imoto EM; Stein RM; Shellito JE; Curtis JL; Medical Service, San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical; Center, California.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can present as either disseminated disease, pneumonitis, retinitis, gastroenteritis, neuropathy, or a subclinical infection. We report a patient whose initial manifest
Perronne C; Gikas A; Truffot-Pernot C; Grosset J; Pocidalo JJ; Vilde JL; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale; Unite 13, Groupe Hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris,; France.
The activities of clarithromycin, sulfisoxazole, and rifabutin against three virulent strains of Mycobacterium avium complex isolated from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were evaluated in a model of intracellular infection. Human monocyte-derived macrophages were infected at day 6 of culture with M.
Infection of H9 cells with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was found to decrease the phosphorylation of DNA topoisomerase II during the initial phase of infection. Simultaneously, with a later overshoot of phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of DNA topoisomerase II, the production of HIV-1 starte
Gidlund M; Sydow M; Stenbeck A; Flodby P; Fossum H; Matsuda S; Lundin K; Wigzell H; Lind P; Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
We have used a bovine papilloma virus (BPV) based mammalian cell expression vector consisting of the complete BPV genome and a human cytomegalovirus transcription unit for the production of soluble CD4. Mouse C-127 cells were transfected with vector DNA together with a selectable G
Frickhofen N; Young NS; Cell Biology Section, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland.
Development of a polymerase chain reaction for detection of parvovirus B19 is described. Among 14 primer pairs spanning the whole genome, 6 were shown to amplify viral DNA at least 10(5) fold and 4 did not amplify non B19-DNA to levels detectable by hybridization with a virus specific DNA probe. Failure to amplify onl
Blood. 1990 Oct 15;76(8):1657-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91002927
Kataoka R; Takehara N; Iwahara Y; Sawada T; Ohtsuki Y; Dawei Y; Hoshino H; Miyoshi I; Department of Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Japan.
To determine the minimum volume of blood required to transmit human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), heparinized blood was collected from a virus-infected female rabbit and aliquots of 10, 5, 1, 0.5, 0.1, and 0.01 mL were transfused into groups of two male rabbits each. All 10 rabbits transfused with 10 to 0.1 m
Muller F; Rollag H; Froland SS; Kaptein Wilhelmsen og Frues Institute of Bacteriology,; Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
Oxidative burst responses of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) were studied in 40 subjects with HIV infection of different clinical stages. Oxidative burst was assessed as reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) with or without stimulants. Results were determined as oxidative burst responses per cell a
Lin RY; Nygren E; Valinsky J; Lorenzana FG; Ralph H; Metropolitan Hospital, New York, N.Y.
Serum from 36 intravenous drug abusers without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex were tested for concentrations of neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin. The seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody in this group was 50%. Previous studies of this group showed that the
Mosier DE; Division of Immunology, Medical Biology Institute, La Jolla,; California 92037.
This review article deals with the transfer of human lymphoid or hematopoietic tissues to severely immunodeficient mice to create new small animal models for the study of human biology and disease. The degree of functional reconstitution in the three current models is discussed. SCID mice with human grafts have been i
J Immunol. 1990 Oct 15;145(8):2669-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91010745
Gendelman HE; Baca LM; Turpin J; Kalter DC; Hansen B; Orenstein JM; Dieffenbach CW; Friedman RM; Meltzer MS; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military; Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852.
In a survey of 15 different virus isolates, no IFN-alpha or IFN-beta activity was detected in culture fluids of HIV-infected T cells or monocytes. Exogenous rIFN-alpha added to T lymphoblast or monocyte cultures induced restriction in replication of the amphotropic HIV that infect both cell types. With IFN-treated HIV
Morofuji M; Kajiyama W; Nakashima K; Noguchi A; Hayashi J; Kashiwagi S; Sumida I; Hanada M; Department of General Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital.
The Kyusyu district is known as an endemic area of HTLV-I. But the prevalence of anti-ATLA in Saga prefecture was reportedly relatively low. In this study, in order to determine the distribution of antibody to ATL-associated antigen (anti-ATLA) in the Karatsu and Higashimatsuura districts of the northern Kyusyu, the d
Ardman B; Sikorski MA; Settles M; Staunton DE; Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center Hospitals,; Boston, Massachusetts 02111.
Sera from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected and -noninfected individuals were screened for antibodies that could bind to native T cell differentiation antigens. Antibodies that could immunoprecipitate CD43 (sialophorin, leukosialin) from a T cell lymphoma line were detected in sera from 27% of patie
Machado SG; Gail MH; Ellenberg SS; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
There are strong ethical and practical reasons for hastening decision-making about the efficacy of new treatments for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. One strategy is to use early markers of disease progression, such as CD4+ lymphocyte levels, as surrogates for ultimate clinical endpoints, such as the dev
Valeriano-Marcet J; Ravichandran L; Kerr LD; Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Rheumatology, New York,; NY 10029.
The spectrum of HIV associated rheumatic syndromes continues to expand as does our experience with the disease. The following is a case of HIV associated systemic necrotizing vasculitis documented by rectal biopsy. The patient was treated successfully with corticosteroids alone, and after 9 months of followup has no e
Matsumoto C; Mitsunaga S; Oguchi T; Mitomi Y; Shimada T; Ichikawa A; Watanabe J; Nishioka K; Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Center, Tokyo.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) provirus DNA from the cultured cell line HUT 102 and from peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) of anti-HTLV-I antibody-positive Japanese blood donors was detected by the nested double polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. This procedure consists of a first amplification and
Paul NL; Lenardo MJ; Novak KD; Sarr T; Tang WL; Ruddle NH; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University; School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected T-cell lines constitutively produce high levels of biologically active lymphotoxin (LT; tumor necrosis factor-beta) protein and LT mRNA. To understand the regulation of LT transcription by HTLV-I, we analyzed the ability of a series of deletions of the LT promoter t
Quackenbush SL; Donahue PR; Dean GA; Myles MH; Ackley CD; Cooper MD; Mullins JI; Hoover EA; Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523.
The FeLV-FAIDS strain of feline leukemia virus consistently induces fatal immunodeficiency. To investigate the immunopathogenesis and viral genetic determinants responsible for the induction of immunodeficiency disease in vivo, we have generated chimeras between the two major viral genomes in the original virus isolat
Kim S; Ikeuchi K; Groopman J; Baltimore D; Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142.
To evaluate the basis of the slow growth of many human immunodeficiency virus strains in monocytes/macrophages, various stages of the virus life cycle have been studied for their possible contribution to viral tropism. Although we found that monocytic U937 cells had a higher percentage of CD4-positive cells than T-lym
Takeda A; Sweet RW; Ennis FA; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical; School, Worcester 01655.
Evidence of antibody-dependent enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection via Fc receptor (FcR) was published previously (A. Takeda, C. U. Tuazon, and F. A. Ennis, Science 242:580-583, 1988). To define the entry mechanism of HIV-1 complexed with anti-HIV-1 antibody, we attempted to determine
Ackley CD; Yamamoto JK; Levy N; Pedersen NC; Cooper MD; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
Blood mononuclear cells from 47 cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were examined by using monoclonal antibodies directed against feline CD4 and CD8 homologs, a pan-T-cell antigen, and cell surface immunoglobulin. Significant inversion of the CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio was observed only i
Richardson JH; Edwards AJ; Cruickshank JK; Rudge P; Dalgleish AG; Department of Transplantation Biology, MRC Clinical Research; Centre, Harrow, Middlesex, United Kingdom.
To establish the phenotype of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected cells in peripheral blood, the polymerase chain reaction was used to detect and quantitate viral DNA in subpopulations of leukocytes obtained from patients with tropical spastic paraparesis and asymptomatic carriers. HTLV-1 could not be
In 36 HIV seropositive patients with the clinical manifestation of AIDS and a suspected Pneumocystis carinii infection, lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed in the peripheral blood (PBL) and compared with the results of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Of those 36 patients, 29 showed a highly abnormal CD4/CD8 rati
Lancet. 1990 Oct 20;336(8721):987-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91014370
de Oliveira MS; Matutes E; Famadas LC; Schulz TF; Calabro ML; Nucci M; Andrada-Serpa MJ; Tedder RS; Weiss RA; Catovsky D; Instituto Nacional do Cancer, Hospital Universitario do Fundao,; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
In a series of fourteen patients with adult T-cell lymphoma-leukaemia (ATLL) in Brazil the main features were lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, hypercalcaemia, and high leucocyte counts, with abnormal lymphoid cells which had irregular nuclei. The series included the youngest pa
N Engl J Med. 1990 Oct 11;323(15):1009-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91015197
Fischl MA; Parker CB; Pettinelli C; Wulfsohn M; Hirsch MS; Collier AC; Antoniskis D; Ho M; Richman DD; Fuchs E; et al; University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Medicine,; FL 33101.
BACKGROUND. The initially tested dose of zidovudine for the treatment of patients with advanced disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) was 1500 mg. Although this dose is effective, it is associated with substantial toxicity. METHODS. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a reduced dose, we co
N Engl J Med. 1990 Oct 11;323(15):1015-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91015198
Collier AC; Bozzette S; Coombs RW; Causey DM; Schoenfeld DA; Spector SA; Pettinelli CB; Davies G; Richman DD; Leedom JM; et al; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of; Medicine, Seattle.
BACKGROUND. Zidovudine delays the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but is associated with hematologic toxicity at high doses. Regimens are needed that preserve or enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity. Acyclovir has been reported to potentiate the effec
Gollapudi S; Gupta S; Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of; California, Irvine 92717.
Because prolonged treatment of HIV infection with 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) is associated with in vitro resistance to AZT, we examined whether HIV could induce/amplify the expression of p-glycoprotein in infected cells resulting in reduced drug
Ahluwalia G; Cooney DA; Bondoc LL Jr; Currens MJ; Ford H; Johns DG; Mitsuya H; Fridland A; Developmental Therapeutics Program, National Cancer Institute,; NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The inosinate dehydrogenase (IMPD) inhibitors ribavirin, tiazofurin and mycophenolic acid were found to stimulate by as much as 20-fold the anabolism of the anti-HIV agent 2 ,3 dideoxyguanosine to its 5 -diphosphate (ddGDP) in a human T-cell culture system (Molt-4 cells). Stimulation of the further conversion to ddGT
Yarchoan R; Mitsuya H; Broder S; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
A number of drugs acting at different stages of viral replication have been shown to be effective anti-HIV agents in the laboratory, and several have been found to be active in patients. It has become evident that inhibition of viral replication in HIV-infected patients will result in an improvement in their immune fu
Blood. 1990 Oct 1;76(7):1281-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91002877
von Laer D; Hufert FT; Fenner TE; Schwander S; Dietrich M; Schmitz H; Kern P; Clinical and Virological Department, Bernhard-Nocht Institute for; Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, FRG.
Hematologic abnormalities occur in the majority of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Infection of the hematopoietic progenitor cells has been proposed as a potential explanation. In this study, different bone marrow cell populations, including the CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells, were purif
Blood. 1990 Oct 1;76(7):1361-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91002889
Labastide WB; Rana MT; Barker CR; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, UK.
We describe a new rat immunoglobulin M monoclonal antibody (CH-F42) that recognizes a subset (1.5% to 8%) of normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes. The phenotype of these cells was determined, using dual-color immunofluorescence, to be CD2+, CD3+, CD4+, CD5+, CD7-, CD8-. They do not express T-cell activation markers,
Chung Hua Nei Ko Tsa Chih. 1990 Mar;29(3):141-3, 188-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91005585
Cheng GM; Karayiannis P; Thomas HC; Institute of Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical University.
Response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier is preceded by the appearance of IgM class anti-HBc (antibody to hepatitis B core antigen). The temporal relationship and magnitude of the IgM anti-HBc response is variable, suggesting that the antibody is not directly involved in hepatocyte lys
Heidenreich O; Kruhoffer M; Grosse F; Eckstein F; Max-Planck-Institut fur Experimentelle Medizin, Abteilung; Chemie, Gottingen, Federal Republic of Germany.
In the presence of oligo(dT).poly(rA) as primer-template, 3 -azidothymidine triphosphate (N3 (3)-ddTTP) is a substrate for human immunodeficiency virus 1 reverse transcriptase with an apparent Km value of 3.0 microM. This compares with an apparent Km for thymidine monophosphate (dTMP) incorporation of 2.5 microM. The
An expression vector (pU3R-III/2-5AS) of human 2 ,5 -oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase was constructed in which a cDNA encoding an active form of the enzyme was located 3 to a 3 -long terminal repeat (LTR) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The LTR-directed expression of this hybrid DNA could be activated
Int J Cancer. 1990 Oct 15;46(4):675-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91007993
Tanaka Y; Yasumoto M; Nyunoya H; Ogura T; Kikuchi M; Shimotohno K; Shiraki H; Kuroda N; Shida H; Tozawa H; Department of Immunology, School of Hygienic Sciences, Kitasato; University, Kanagawa, Japan.
In order to study the antigenicity of envelope 46 kDa glycoprotein (gp46) of human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-1), we have generated monoclonal anti-gp46 antibodies (MAbs), REY-7, REY-11, REY-16, REY-30, MET-2 and MET-3 from rats and mice. Immunoblot and immunofluorescence assays showed that these MAbs recogniz
Williams KJ; Loeb LA; Fry M; Joseph Gottstein Memorial Cancer Research Laboratory, Department; of Pathology, Unversity of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
The genome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and especially the envelope gene are mutated with unusually high frequency during in vivo replication. Recent studies indicate that HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) is unusually error prone and that the number of generated mutations is disproportionately high within repet
Morikawa Y; Moore JP; Jones IM; NERC Institute of Virology and Environmental Microbiology,; Oxford, U.K.
A non-glycosylated form of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 and four truncated derivatives have been expressed as non-fused secreted products in the periplasmic space of E. coli. We show that the full length molecule, whilst folded and soluble, fails to bind to CD4 consistent with other work that suggests an essential
Gallo P; Pagni S; Giometto B; Piccinno MG; Bozza F; Argentiero V; Tavolato B; Second Neurologic Clinic, University of Padua, School of; Medicine, Italy.
In a series of 145 cases with neurological diseases, macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) was detected in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain tumors, bacterial meningitis, and less frequently, AIDS- dementia complex. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was f
Yamato K; el-Hajjaoui Z; Simon K; Koeffler HP; Department of Medicine, University of California School of; Medicine, Los Angeles 90024-1678.
The effect of HIV-1 infection on cytokine levels was studied in monocytic cells by using Northern blotting analysis. Monoblasts (THP-1, U937) did not express IL-1 beta RNA even if the cells were infected with HIV-1. After exposure to LPS (10 micrograms/ml) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA, 100 nM) for 12
J Immunol. 1990 Oct 15;145(8):2677-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91010746
Hart MK; Palker TJ; Matthews TJ; Langlois AJ; Lerche NW; Martin ME; Scearce RM; McDanal C; Bolognesi DP; Haynes BF; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
We have previously described a synthetic peptide (T1-SP10) derived from two noncontiguous regions of HTLVIIIB envelope gp120 (T1, amino acids 428-443; SP10, amino acids 303-321) that induced type-specific anti-HIV neutralizing antibodies and T cell proliferative responses against native HIV gp120 when used as a carrie
J Immunol. 1990 Nov 1;145(9):2839-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91010770
Merkenschlager M; Buck D; Beverley PC; Sattentau QJ; ICRF Human Tumor Immunology Group, University College and; Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK.
This study was designed to define regions on the human CD4 molecule important for the class II-dependent activation of resting, polyclonal CD4 T cells. With the use of mAb to known epitopes on CD4, we assayed the degree of CD4 saturation and functional effects on T cell activation over a range of antibody concentratio
J Immunol. 1990 Nov 1;145(9):2896-901. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91010777
Tremblay M; Numazaki K; Li XG; Gornitsky M; Hiscott J; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec,; Canada.
We have investigated whether PBMC of HIV-1-seropositive subjects are as susceptible to in vitro infection by HIV-1 as are PBMC from seronegative controls. Accordingly, stimulated PBMC from 19 HIV-1-infected subjects were inoculated with four different variants of HIV-1. None of these cultures produced either detectabl
Buschle M; Brenner MK; Chen IS; Drexler HG; Gignac SM; Rooney CM; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, St. Mary's Branch, London,; U.K.
Although many different protocols for transfection of lymphoid cell lines exist, successful DNA transfer into primary B lymphocytes has, to date, not been demonstrated. We now describe a simple method for gene transfer into highly purified normal and malignant B lymphocytes by electroporation. Using a powerful express
Healey D; Dianda L; Moore JP; McDougal JS; Moore MJ; Estess P; Buck D; Kwong PD; Beverley PC; Sattentau QJ; Academic Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, University; College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) binds to cells via an interaction between CD4 and the virus envelope glycoprotein, gp120. Previous studies have localized the high affinity binding site for gp120 to the first domain of CD4, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reactive with this region compete with gp120 binding and the
Nonaka G; Nishioka I; Nishizawa M; Yamagishi T; Kashiwada Y; Dutschman GE; Bodner AJ; Kilkuskie RE; Cheng YC; Lee KH; Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of; North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.
Nine tannins, including gallo- and ellagitannins, were evaluated as potential inhibitors of HIV replication. 1,3,4-Tri-O-galloylquinic acid [1], 3,5-di-O-galloyl-shikimic acid [2], 3,4,5-tri-O-galloylshikimic acid [3], punicalin [6], and punicalagin [7] inhibited HIV replication in infected H9 lymphocytes with little
Arvinte T; Schulz B; Madoulet C; Nicolau C; Cell Biology Section, Institute of Biosciences and Technology,; Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-2401.
Full-length recombinant CD4 (rCD4) was bound to human red blood cell membranes using a low-pH incubation procedure. The red blood cells bearing recombinant CD4 (RBC-rCD4+) specifically bound to gp 120-covered plates. The binding showed a threshold effect at low rCD4 concentrations per RBC. The binding of RBC-rCD4+ to
Robinson WE Jr; Kawamura T; Lake D; Masuho Y; Mitchell WM; Hersh EM; Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville,; Tennessee 37232-2561.
Previous experiments had shown that two human monoclonal antibodies (huMAbs) directed against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enhanced HIV-1 infection in vitro (Robinson et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87:3185-3189, 1990). This complement-mediated, antibody-dependent enhancement (C -ADE) of HIV-1 infec
Hansen M; Jelinek L; Whiting S; Barklis E; Vollum Institute for Advanced Biomedical Research, Oregon Health; Sciences University, Portland 97201.
We have studied the process of Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) assembly by characterization of core (gag) protein mutants and analysis of wild-type (wt) gag proteins produced by cells in the presence of the ionophore monensin. Our genetic studies involved examination of linker insertion mutants of a Gag-beta-ga
Med Cutan Ibero Lat Am. 1990;18(2):148-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91014122
Vicente MA; Iranzo P; Azon A; Mascaro JM; Grau J; Servicio de Dermatologia y Oncologia, Hospital Clinico y; Provincial, Facultad de Medicina, Barcelona.
Bleomycin may produce an unusual characteristic cutaneous manifestation: flagellate pigmentation. We present 2 patients, who received bleomycin for treatment of oral carcinoma and AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma respectively, developing such pigmented flagellate streaks.
Saitoh A; Iwasaki H; Nakata A; Adachi A; Shinagawa H; Department of Experimental Chemotherapy, Osaka University.
Overexpression of the reverse transcriptase was designed in E. coli. For a high level of expression, HIV protein was expressed as a protein fusion with beta-galactosidase. When the proviral DNA fragment covering the 3 half of the gag gene and the entire pol gene was ligated to the 3 end of the lacZ gene to fuse the
Mizrahi V; Usdin MT; Harington A; Dudding LR; Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Pathology, South African; Institute for Medical Research, Johannesburg.
Substitution of the conserved Asp-443 residue of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by asparagine specifically suppressed the ribonuclease H activity of the enzyme without affecting the reverse transcriptase activity, suggesting involvement of this ionizable residue at the ribonuclease H active site. An analogous asparagine
McLeod DT; Neill P; Gwanzura L; Latif AS; Emmanuel JC; Nkanza N; Lucas SB; Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Zimbabwe,; Harare.
Over a period of 11 months, 37 patients infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) presenting with symptoms of bronchopulmonary disease were investigated. Patients presented with cough, weight loss, fever and dyspnoea. Investigations included fibreoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronc
Mitsuya H; Yarchoan R; Broder S; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
The development of antiretroviral therapy against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been an intense research effort since the discovery of the causative agent, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A large array of drugs and biologic substances can inhibit HIV replication in vitro. Nucleoside analogs--partic
Rasmussen L; Battles JK; Ennis WH; Nagashima K; Gonda MA; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Structure, Program Resources,; Inc., NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701.
The entire gag gene of the bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV) was inserted behind the strong polyhedron promoter of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV). The resultant recombinant baculovirus (AcNPV-BIVgag) was used to infect insect cells in order to overexpress and characterize BIV gag gene
Dubreuil M; Sportza L; D'Addario M; Lacoste J; Rooke R; Wainberg MA; Hiscott J; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B.; Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
HIV-1 infection of promonocytic U937 cells was used to examined induction of IFN-alpha/beta gene expression and to determine the inhibitory effects of IFN-alpha 2 and/or AZT on de novo HIV-1 infection, initiated either by coculture of virus-shedding U
Tochikura TS; Hayes KA; Cheney CM; Tanabe-Tochikura A; Rojko JL; Mathes LE; Olsen RG; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Ohio State University,; Columbus 43210.
Cytotoxic feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection was established in feline T4 thymic lymphoma 3201 cells with the Petaluma isolate of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV-Petaluma). Mg2(+)-dependent, reverse transcriptase (Mg2+ RT) activity and FIV p24/28-positive cells were evident beginning at 18 days posti
Stein A; Iversen PL; Subasinghe C; Cohen JS; Stec WJ; Zon G; Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
The title compounds were chemically synthesized as their 5 -dimethoxytrityl derivatives by base-catalyzed reaction of 35S-enriched elemental sulfur with support-bound hydrogen phosphonate oligomer. This was derived from adamantane carbonyl chloride-activated coupling of nucleotide hydrogen phosphonate monomers, and si
North TW; Cronn RC; Remington KM; Tandberg RT; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula; 59812.
The sensitivities of reverse transcriptases (RTs) from feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) were directly compared. The two enzymes had similar sensitivities to three analogs of dTTP, namely, 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine 5 -triphosphate, 2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine 5 -triphosphate
Votruba I; Travnicek M; Rosenberg I; Otmar M; Merta A; Hrebabecky H; Holy A; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czechoslovak; Academy of Sciences, Prague.
Diphosphates of N-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) derivatives of heterocyclic bases were studied in the endogenous oligo(dT)12-18 primed reaction of reverse transcriptase from detergent-disrupted AMV(MAV) retrovirions. These diphosphates (analogues of nucleotide 5 -triphosphates) exhibited an inhibitory activity towards re
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Oct 15;172(1):149-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91025032
Kraus GA; Pratt D; Tossberg J; Carpenter S; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
Hypericin and pseudohypericin are naturally occurring polycyclic quinones which have recently been shown to inhibit the infectivity of several retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus. To better understand the antiviral mechanisms of these compounds, hypericin and a series of analogous quinones were synthe
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