Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
ANTIBODIES TO HTLV-1: DETECTION, SEROPREVALENCE IN BLOOD DONORS, AND SEROLOGIC RELATIONSHIP TO HIV-1
Diss Abstr Int [B]; 50(4):1242 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659891 Fang C; George Washington Univ.
Abstract:
Sera from 39,898 blood donors at eight blood centers were tested for HTLV-1 antibody using two enzyme immunoassays (EIA) after an evaluation on six test kits. Sera testing initially reactive (IR) were retested in duplicate by both EIAs. Sera testing repeatedly reactive (RR) were further tested by two Western blots (WB) and by two radioimmunoprecipitation assays (RIPA). There were 176 (0.44%) EIA IR and 68 (0.17%) RR results. On WBs, 10 of the 68 EIA RR sera demonstrated reactivity to HTLV-1 gag gene-encoded core protein p24, with or without reactivity to other core proteins (p19, p28, p53/55). These 10 sera were the only ones demonstrating reactivity on RIPAs to other HTLV-1 gene products--env gene-encoded glycoproteins gp46, gp61/68, or tax gene-encoded HTLV-1 transcriptional activator p40x. The 10 sera were interpreted as positive for HTLV-1 antibody. Of the remaining 58 EIA RR sera, 21 were negative by WBs and RIPAs and 37 demonstrated reactivity to various combinations of p19, p28, and p53/55 but not to p24 on WBs. These 37 sera were interpreted as 'indeterminate,' because they were negative by RIPAs. No serological cross-reaction was demonstrated between HTLV-1 and HIV-1 on EIA and WB. Seroprevalence rates ranged from 0 to 0.10% at the locations sampled, with HTLV-1 antibody found predominately in donors from the southeastern and southwestern United States. Matched case-control interviews and laboratory studies were performed on five seropositive women and two seropositive men from a subset of 33,893 donors at six of the eight blood centers. Four of the women and both men are black; one woman is Caucasian. Four of the seven seropositive individuals admitted to prior intravenous drug abuse or sexual contact with an intravenous drug user. Sexual contact with native inhabitants of an HTLV-1 endemic area was the only identified risk factor for one male. The distribution of HTLV-1 antibody in this U.S. blood-donor sample corroborates the previous reported epidemiology of the agent and suggests that additional donor screening measures, including the testing of donated blood for HTLV-1 markers, may be necessary to prevent the spread of HTLV-1 to transfusion recipients. (Full text available from University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor, MI, as Order No. AAD89-13298)
Keywords: Blood Donors Female Human HIV Antibodies/*ANALYSIS HIV Infections/IMMUNOLOGY *HIV Seroprevalence HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY HTLV-I/*IMMUNOLOGY HTLV-I Antibodies/*ANALYSIS HTLV-I Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY Male Risk Factors United States/EPIDEMIOLOGY THESIS 910228
M9120724
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
