RETROVIRAL PATHOGENESIS AND VACCINE DEVELOPMENT IN MACACA NEMESTRINA AND RETROVIRAL-INDUCED ALTERATIONS OF INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM METABOLISM FROM CELLS OF HEMATOPOIETIC ORIGIN

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

RETROVIRAL PATHOGENESIS AND VACCINE DEVELOPMENT IN MACACA NEMESTRINA AND RETROVIRAL-INDUCED ALTERATIONS OF INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM METABOLISM FROM CELLS OF HEMATOPOIETIC ORIGIN

Diss Abstr Int [B]; 50(12):5536 1990. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90666765
Dezzutti CS; Ohio State Univ.

Abstract: Five pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were vaccinated twice, 4 wk apart, with a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) subunit vaccine. 4 wk post-vaccination, the vaccinated macaques and five control monkeys were challenged with a simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I)-infected cell line. Following the first vaccination, an antibody response developed to HTLV-I and STLV-I viral proteins as visualized by Western blot. The antibody recognized both gag and env protein precursors and the titer remained elevated after the second vaccination. After challenge, the antibody titers of the vaccinates increased. The controls also developed HTLV-I and STLV-I specific antibody which recognized the gag precursor and to a lesser extent the putative tax protein. Immunized monkeys also produced syncytium inhibiting antibody primarily toward HTLV-I-infected cells and to a lesser extent toward STLV-I-infected cells. Control monkeys produced negligible amounts of syncytium inhibiting antibody. Additionally, both neutrophil and mononuclear (MNC) cells were examined. The neutrophil population was tested for its ability to generate a chemiluminescence (CL) response. Neither the vaccination nor challenge had any significant effect on the neutrophil CL response. The MNCs were tested for their capability to proliferate after stimulation. Again, no significant change occurred. In order to determine if the immunized monkeys were protected by the subunit vaccine against the STLV-I challenge, reverse transcriptase (RT) activity was measured in the ten macaque MNCs. RT activity was exclusively present in the non-immunized, control monkeys implying that the HTLV-I subunit vaccine was successful in protecting the pig-tailed macaques from the STLV-I infection. Alteration in calcium metabolism is known to occur in many retroviral infections, such as HTLV-I and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). Two hematopoietic cell types, neutrophils and lymphocytes, have decreased functional capacities when infected with or exposed to FeLV. In order to define the cause of the hypoactivity, the cell's ability to generate an intracellular-free calcium flux (SI) was examined using a fluorescent probe, Fura 2-AM. Neutrophils and lymphocytes from three cat populations (control, nonviremic and viremic) were examined. The control cat neutrophils produced a lower SI after receptor-dependent stimulation with LTB4 and PAF than either the nonviremic or viremic cat neutrophils while the GTP-protein stimulator (AIF(sp4-)) produced comparable SIs. Each cat lymphocyte group SI was similar for each stimulant (con A, PAF and AIF(sp4-)). Apparently, the effects of FeLV on cat neutrophil and lymphocyte SI are dependent on a variety of factors such as an active infection vs a latent infection and the type of cell infected. (Full text available from University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor, MI, as Order No. AAD90-11161)

Keywords: Animal Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Calcium/*METABOLISM Cats Hematopoietic System/CYTOLOGY/*METABOLISM HTLV-I/*IMMUNOLOGY HTLV-I Antibodies/*ANALYSIS Lymphocytes/METABOLISM Macaca nemestrina Neutrophils/METABOLISM Retroviridae Infections/IMMUNOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL STLV/IMMUNOLOGY *Vaccination Viral Vaccines/ADMINISTRATION & DOSAGE/*IMMUNOLOGY THESIS
910228
M9120717

AEGiS is a 501(c)3, not-for-profit, tax-exempt, educational corporation. AEGiS is made possible through unrestricted funding from Boehringer Ingelheim, Bridgestone/Firestone Charitable Trust, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Elton John AIDS Foundation, Gill Foundation, the National Library of Medicine, Quest Diagnostics, Roche and Trimeris, and donations from users like you. Always watch for outdated information. This article first appeared in 1991. This material is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor.

AEGiS presents published material, reprinted with permission and neither endorses nor opposes any material. All information contained on this website, including information relating to health conditions, products, and treatments, is for informational purposes only. It is often presented in summary or aggregate form. It is not meant to be a substitute for the advice provided by your own physician or other medical professionals. Always discuss treatment options with a doctor who specializes in treating HIV.

Copyright ©1980, 1991. AEGiS. All materials appearing on AEGiS are protected by copyright as a collective work or compilation under U.S. copyright and other laws and are the property of AEGiS, or the party credited as the provider of the content. .