(Producer) Training program includes a film based on documentation of actual surgeries, interviews with operating room staff, demonstrations of proper technique, and risk reduction guidelines; a manual providing in-depth review of viral transmission in the operating room setting, with background readings; and a poste
Geneva : World Health Organization ; Albany, NY : WHO Publications Center USA [distributor], 1988 iv, 27 p (WHO AIDS series, ISSN 1011-577 ; 1) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9100056
Rockville, MD (18-12 Parklawn Bldg., Rockville 20857) : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment, [1989] iii, 100 p (NCHSR program note) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9100247
Copenhagen : WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Manifestations of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection at Dental Dept., University Hospital, Copenhagen in collaboration with the WHO Global Programme on AIDS and the Oral Health Unit and the EEC Clearinghouse on Oral Problems Related to the HIV Infection, 1990 48 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9100256
Pindborg JJ
Bibliography of references covering the literature dealing with oral problems related to the HIV infection. Topical arrangement. Entries give bibliographical information and annotations of single or related articles. Author index.
Copenhagen : WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Manifestations of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection at Dental Dept., University Hospital, Copenhagen in collaboration with the WHO Global Programme on AIDS and the Oral Health Unit and the EEC Clearinghouse on Oral Problems Related to the HIV Infection, 1990 54 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9100257
Pindborg JJ
Intended to pinpoint either the first description of an oral manifestation or decisive new discoveries related to the oral manifestations. Topical arrangement. Entries give bibliographical information and annotation. Index.
Int J Immunotherapy; 4(4):229-34 1988. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90657982
Rogna S; Puppo F; Torresin A; Stagnaro R; Setti M; Pierri I; Orlando G; Indiveri F; Inst. of Internal Medicine, Univ. of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
AIDS patients (pts) often develop a conspicuous, although functionally ineffective, hypergammaglobulinemia. The authors have treated 9 pts affected by AIDS or AIDS-related diseases with repeated courses of plasma exchange coupled with immunoglobulin infusions. The schedule of each course was as follows: one apheretic
Gene expression of HIV-1, the etiological agent of AIDS, has been shown to be regulated by HIV-1 nonstructural regulatory polypeptides and by chemical and DNA virus modulators. Using a transient expression system, the herpes simplex virus (HSV) ICP4, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) IE
Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA as NTIS/PB89-125496, 126 p., 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659323
Haverkos HW; Dougherty JA; National Inst. on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD
Contents: Nitrite inhalants: historical perspective; Fate and toxicity of butyl nitrites; Acute toxicity of nitrite inhalants; Indications from animal and chemical experiments of a carcinogenic role for isobutyl nitrite; Toxicity of inhaled isobutyl nitrite in BALB/c mice: systemic and immunotoxic studies; Altered T-c
Sera from 39,898 blood donors at eight blood centers were tested for HTLV-1 antibody using two enzyme immunoassays (EIA) after an evaluation on six test kits. Sera testing initially reactive (IR) were retested in duplicate by both EIAs. Sera testing repeatedly reactive (RR) were further tested by two Western blots (WB
Oligodeoxynucleotides as Antisense Inhibitors of Gene Expression: Therapeutic Implications. June 18-21, 1989, Rockville, MD, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660171
Anonymous; No affiliation given
A symposium on therapeutic implications of oligodeoxynucleotides as antisense inhibitors of gene expression, held June 18-21, 1989, in Rockville, MD, was cosponsored by NCI and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Speakers presentations and poster sessions are summarized. Topics include the foll
HIV Detection by Genetic Engineering Methods. Luciw PA and Steimer KS, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 121-41, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660258
The Chiron recombinant immunoblot assay (CRIA) was developed to detect antibodies to HIV in human serum. Four recombinant viral antigens were used: p24, the major core protein and gag gene product; p31, a polypeptide from the endonuclease region of the pol gene; and two recombinant envelope polypeptides expressed from
HIV Detection by Genetic Engineering Methods. Luciw PA and Steimer KS, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 143-60, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660259
Rosen JI; Hom YL; Whalley AS; Smith RS; Naso RB; Johnson and Johnson Biotechnology Center, La Jolla, CA
In an effort to define critical, immunologically active epitopes for the development of both diagnostic and therapeutic products, 20 oligopeptides (each 15-20 amino acids in length) were synthesized from the published sequences of gag and env-lor genes of human lymphotropic virus-III. When these peptides were tested a
HIV Detection by Genetic Engineering Methods. Luciw PA and Steimer KS, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 161-7, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660260
Cosand WL; Houghton RL; Goldstein LC; Oncogen, Seattle, WA
An HIV-antibody immunoassay is described that employs peptide 39, which corresponds to amino acids 584-609 of the env precursor protein of the Bru LAV strain of HIV. Peptide 39 was synthesized by solid phase methodology. Serum or plasma samples were defined as seropositive or negative by the LAV EIA (Genetic Systems)
AIDS Updates; 2(5):1-8 1989. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90660518
Joseph SC; Des Jarlais DC; Dept. of Health, New York, NY
The use of needle and syringe exchanges as a method of preventing HIV infection among people who inject illicit drugs is reviewed, and a case history of the pilot exchange program in New York City is presented. In addition to reducing the spread of HIV infection, syringe exchange programs provide for safe disposal of
A symposium on HIV and AIDS, part of the UCLA series, was held in Keystone, Colorado, from March 31 to April 6, 1990. The symposium covered HIV regulation and pathogenesis; cellular targets for HIV infection; genetic and biologic variants of HIV; pathogenic mechanisms and immune responses in HIV; molecular targets for
Five pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were vaccinated twice, 4 wk apart, with a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) subunit vaccine. 4 wk post-vaccination, the vaccinated macaques and five control monkeys were challenged with a simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I)-infected cell line. Fol
2 ,3 -Dideoxycytidine (ddCyd) is a candidate for clinical trial in the treatment of AIDS, as a result of its potent inhibition of HIV replication. The cellular metabolism and cytotoxicity of ddCyd are discussed, as well as the interaction of ddCTP and other nucleotide and pyrophosphate analogs with mammalian DNA polym
McKenna CE; Levy JN; Khawli LA; Harutunian V; Ye TG; Starnes MC; Bapat A; Cheng YC; Dept. of Chemistry, Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; 90089-0744
Virus-specific enzymes essential for viral nucleic acid replication or related functions are targets for inhibition by substrate or product nucleotide analogs in which one or more P-O bonds are replaced by a P-C bond. The simplest examples of these are PFA (phosphonoformic acid) and PAA (phosphonoacetic acid), represe
The data presented in this thesis have focused on the isolation and characterization of variant viruses of a murine leukemia virus that exhibit changes in antigenicity following in vivo passage in adult immunocompetent hosts. Although antigenic variation has been described in other species, the results described in th
Gallo RC; Reitz MS Jr; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20205.
Three related, but very different, retroviruses have recently been identified in man. Human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV) type I apparently causes adult T-cell leukaemia. HTLV type II has been isolated only rarely and has not been identified with a disease. HTLV type III is very likely the causative agent in acquired
Pol Tyg Lek. 1989 Aug 21-28;44(34-35):801-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045372
Marczynska M
A case of Varicella-zoster virus re-infection in a 3.5-year child with the acute lymphoblastic leukemia is presented. This report aims at emphasizing a possibility of re-activation of the virus in younger and younger children with immunodeficiency. A clinical course may imitate chicken-pox creating diagnostic problems
Elia C; Oliveira AV; Madi K; Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, Programa SIDA,; AIDS da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
Histopathological changes in small bowel biopsy from 5 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are reported. The main abnormalities were villous atrophy, severe mononuclear infiltrate and enhanced regenerative activity with high number of mitosis in the crypts.
G Stomatol Ortognatodonzia. 1989 Jul-Dec;8(4):29-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91034483
Deangeli R; De Angelis V
In the last few years a codification of maxillo-facial surgical techniques has been reached. This has been possible because of a close interaction among different specialists. The use of blood transfusion must be carefully evaluated because of the different risks involved. The transmission of infectious agents like HI
Lefrere JJ; Paquez F; Duc A; Rouger P; Salmon C; Fondation Nationale de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris.
This study is based upon an interview with 31 individuals recently detected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive through the systematic screening of blood donations. The location of the blood donation, the type of blood donor, the risk of HIV infection, were established. Questions dealt with the use of bloo
Guillard A; Tirtaine C; Ouzan D; Follana R; Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Alpes-Maritimes,; Saint-Laurent-du-Var.
From December 1988 to September 1989, 973 blood donors, deferred for anti-HBc reactivity, Ag-HBs positivity, elevated ALT, isolated or associated, but negative for anti-HIV, were interviewed in our blood center in the weeks after donation. Among these 973 donors, 53 (5.4%, 46 males, 7 females) were found at risk for H
Preud'homme JL; Hanson LA; Laboratory of Immunology and Immunopathology (CNRS URA 1172),; University Hospital, Poitiers, France.
Although the occurrence of selective deficiencies of serum IgG subclasses has been known for 20 years, the large body of data presently available was collected only recently owing to the use of performing monoclonal antibodies. IgG subclass deficiency is frequent, both as an apparently isolated defect (about one fourt
Hari V; Baunoch D; Das P; Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202.
We have developed a sensitive method, sphere-linked immunodiagnostic assay, using specific antigens covalently bonded to microspheres for the detection of antibodies in serum. In this method, specific antigens, such as the capsid proteins of tobacco mosaic virus and tobacco etch virus, were independently, covalently b
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):1011-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026264
Melder RJ; Balachandran R; Rinaldo CR; Gupta P; Whiteside TL; Herberman RB; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
Natural killer (NK) cells have long been known to aid in the control of viral infections by killing virus-infected cells, including those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Among the possible NK-susceptible target cells in an infected individual, the monocyte/macrophages are of special significance sinc
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):1017-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026265
Gartner S; Popovic M; Primate Research Institute, Holloman AFB, NM 88330.
Both in vivo and in vitro studies clearly demonstrate that cells of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage are major hosts for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Presumably these cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To further delineate the interactio
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):1027-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026267
Pauza CD; Singh MK; Developmental Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological; Studies, San Diego, CA 92138-9216.
Persistent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of U937 monocytic cells resulted in the accumulation of novel forms of extrachromosomal viral DNA. These DNA species are larger than the genome size of HIV-1 and persist indefinitely. The extrachromosomal viral DNA species (E-DNA) were shown to be struct
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):1039-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026269
McGrath MS; Santulli S; Gaston I; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
GLQ223 is a formulated version of tricosanthin, a single-chain ribosome-inactivating protein that was shown in earlier studies to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in T-lymphoblastoid cells and to decrease HIV p24 levels in HIV-infected monocyte-derived macrophages as measured by flow cytometry. T
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):1051-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026271
Perno CF; Cooney DA; Currens MJ; Rocchi G; Johns DG; Broder S; Yarchoan R; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Monocyte/macrophages (M/M) are an important target cell for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the body. The study of HIV infection in these cells, however, is rather complicated because they represent a variable population, and because HIV entry and replication in M/M may be markedly influenced by a numb
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):965-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026273
Mock DJ; Roberts NJ Jr; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of; Medicine, NY 14642.
Knowledge of the pathogenesis of viruses which are less virulent than human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of HIV infection. Influenza virus, an enveloped RNA virus, infects monocyte-macrophages, although the infection is brief and abortive. Isolated purified lymphocyt
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):967-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026274
Meltzer MS; Nakamura M; Hansen BD; Turpin JA; Kalter DC; Gendelman HE; Department of Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
Although macrophages are major targets for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in vivo, study of HIV-macrophage interactions in vitro was hindered because many laboratory strains of HIV would not replicate in macrophages, and because survival of macrophages in culture was poor. Addition of purified macrophage
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):973-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026275
Novak RM; Holzer TJ; Kennedy MM; Heynen CA; Dawson G; University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
The effects of various cytokines were examined in an in vitro model of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of human peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Monocytes were obtained from blood of normal donors by Ficoll/hypaque gradient centrifugation and adherence. These cells were allowe
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):993-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026279
Kliks S; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0128.
Antibody-dependent enhancement of certain virus infections can occur in cells expressing Fc receptors. This mechanism plays an important pathogenetic role in the development of complications associated with dengue virus infection, including dengue hemorrhagic infection and dengue shock syndrome. The virulence of the v
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):999-1004. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026280
Takeda A; Ennis FA; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical; School, Worcester 01655.
Although CD4 is a major receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of cells, studied by ourselves and others clearly show that the Fc receptor (FcR) also plays a role in infection, perhaps in conjunction with other surface receptors. IgG antibodies to HIV-1 will enhance infectivity in cells (such as mon
Burnet NG; Wilkinson RC; Evans DS; Surgical Unit, Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Shropshire.
We report a case of mycotic aneurysm of the femoral artery which highlights the diagnostic features and management problems of the condition. Our patient required emergency ligation of the artery for life-threatening haemorrhage and subsequently his leg was not viable. The alternative treatment options of simple ligat
Cernescu C; Popescu-Tismana G; Alaicescu M; Popescu L; Cajal N; St. S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania.
The record of SSPE cases diagnosed immunochemically and serologically in our laboratory, standing for about 60% of the total new cases reported in our country, shows a significant decrease in the incidence in 1988-89 (from 5.21 new cases per year per million total population in 1987 to 1.82 cases in 1988). In 85% of t
Patrascu IV; Stefan S. Nicolau, Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania.
The pooling of five individual serum samples for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibodies was examined to assess whether testing pooled versus individual sera was technically feasible. Detection of HIV-1 antibodies was performed using a competitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) Wellcozyme HIV
LaPerriere AR; Antoni MH; Schneiderman N; Ironson G; Klimas N; Caralis P; Fletcher MA; Center for the Biopsychosocial Studies of AIDS, University of; Miami, Florida.
The impact of aerobic exercise training as a buffer of the affective distress and immune decrements which accompany the notification of HIV-1 antibody status in an AIDS risk group was studied. Fifty asymptomatic gay males with a pretraining fitness level of average or below (determined by predicted VO2 max) were rando
Zimmer JP; Lehr HA; Hubner C; Lindner SG; Ramsperger R; Claussen M; Kohlschutter A; Schmitz H; Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Nautical and; Tropical Diseases, Hamburg, West Germany.
Although most non-human primates, except the chimpanzee and the gibbon in vivo are not infectible by HIV-1, lymphocytes of several of these species can be infected by HIV-1 in vitro. In order to investigate whether the in vitro infectibility of primate lymphocytes might be attributed to plasma membrane adaptation proc
McKeganey N; Social Paediatric and Obstetric Research Unit, University of; Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
There is a growing concern within Britain, Europe and North America that injecting drug users may pose the greatest risk of transmitting HIV infection to the wider heterosexual non-drug injecting population. However, we know very little about the reactions of injecting drug users to the knowledge of being HIV positive
Klee H; Faugier J; Hayes C; Boulton T; Morris J; Faculty of Community Studies, Manchester Polytechnic, UK.
In a study of AIDS-related risk behaviour among injecting drug users in the north west of England it was found that 90% were polydrug users, and 28% were using temazepam. A third of all polydrug users had regularly used more than three drugs in addition to their preferred drug in the previous year. Statistical analysi
Can Med Assoc J. 1990 Dec 1;143(11):1177-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91028974
Rachlis AR; Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre,; Toronto, Ont.
Zidovudine ( AZT ) is the first antiretroviral agent to be licensed for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Since the initial placebo-controlled trial showing improved survival among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syn
Can Med Assoc J. 1990 Dec 1;143(11):1187-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91028975
Schechter MT; Ballem PJ; Buskard NA; Le TN; Thompson M; Marion SA; O'Shaughnessy MV; Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine,; University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
We performed an anonymous seroprevalence survey of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection through HIV antibody testing of blood samples from 22,512 women aged 15 to 44 years receiving prenatal care in British Columbia and the Yukon Territory from Mar. 15 to Sept. 30, 1989. Of the samples six were confirme
Can Med Assoc J. 1990 Nov 1;143(9):885-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91028999
Hankins CA; Laberge C; Lapointe N; Lai Tung MT; Racine L; O'Shaughnessy M; Centre d'etudes sur le SIDA, Departement de sante; communautaire, hopital general de Montreal.
This is the first anonymous unlinked seroprevalence study in Canada to use serum samples from newborns to determine the seroprevalence rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among childbearing women. Of the 68,808 samples tested 42 were confirmed as positive, for an o
Cancer. 1990 Nov 1;66(9):1933-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029100
Saji F; Ohashi K; Tokugawa Y; Kamiura S; Azuma C; Tanizawa O; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Medical; School, Japan.
A gene amplification technique, polymerase chain reaction, was used to detect human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, in mononuclear cells in peripheral blood and breast milk of ten HTLV-I carrier gravida. The DNA in umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells of t
Cancer Detect Prev. 1990;14(4):423-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029264
Sato E; Tokunaga M; Hasui K; Kitajima S; Nomoto M; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima; University, Japan.
In order to elucidate the pathological and epidemiological features of malignant lymphoma (ML), particularly of adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL) in the Kagoshima district, age-adjusted and age-specific incidence rates of malignant lymphomas were estimated on 3239 histologically confirmed cases between the years 1
Cancer Detect Prev. 1990;14(4):431-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029265
Ikeda S; Momita S; Amagasaki T; Tsukasaki K; Yamada Y; Kusumoto Y; Ito M; Kanda N; Tomonaga M; Soda H; et al; Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of; Medicine, Japan.
The prevalence of the preleukemic state of adult T-cell leukemia (pre-ATL) was studied in Nagasaki prefecture, one of the endemic human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) areas in Japan . Pre-ATL cases have the monoclonal proliferation of abnormal lymphocytes, without signs of mali
Cancer Detect Prev. 1990;14(4):437-44. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029266
Rapp F; Cory JM; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State; University, College of Medicine, Hershey 17033.
Oncogenic transformation of normal cells and the establishment of transformed cells to form malignant tumors is a complex, multistep process influenced by viruses in multiple ways. The relationship between viruses and the immune system manifests itself, in part, through various roles of viruses in transformation of ho
Wang Z; Zeng Y; Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy Preventive Medicine,; Beijing.
Using immunoenzymatic method (IE) for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) serologic detection, and comparing with indirect immunofluorescence method (IIF). This method had same specificity and reproducibility but more sensitivity than IIF. Because it is simple, practical and suitable, IE method can replace IIF
Cell. 1990 Nov 2;63(3):601-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029491
Sullenger BA; Gallardo HF; Ungers GE; Gilboa E; Program of Molecular Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer; Center, New York, New York 10021.
Overexpression of TAR-containing sequences (TAR decoys) was used to render cells resistant to HIV replication. A chimeric tRNA(meti)-TAR transcription unit contained in a double copy murine retroviral vector was used to express high levels of HIV-1 TAR-containing transcripts in CEM SS cells. Replication of HIV-1 was i
Cell. 1990 Nov 16;63(4):687-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029500
Wu JY; Zhou ZY; Judd A; Cartwright CA; Robinson WS; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine,; California 94305.
To study the functional mechanism of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) X (hbx) gene product, we have expressed the hbx protein in E. coli and purified it by HPLC. The purified hbx protein was shown to be active in transactivating transcription directed by the LTR sequence of HIV-1. The hbx protein was found to have an intri
Cell. 1990 Nov 16;63(4):791-802. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029510
Marciniak RA; Calnan BJ; Frankel AD; Sharp PA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of; Technology, Cambridge 02139.
Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus 1 is a potent trans-activator of viral gene expression. We show that purified Tat protein stimulates transcription from viral promoters greater than 10-fold in vitro. A Tat protein mutant that does not trans-activate in vivo did not stimulate transcription in vitro. Tat tran
Cell. 1990 Nov 16;63(4):803-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029511
Ballard DW; Walker WH; Doerre S; Sista P; Molitor JA; Dixon EP; Peffer NJ; Hannink M; Greene WC; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Studies of NF-kappa B suggest that this enhancer binding activity corresponds to a family of at least four proteins (p50, p55, p75, and p85) differentially induced with biphasic kinetics during T cell activation. While p55 and p50 are closely related to the 50 kd DNA binding subunit of NF-kappa B, p75 and p85 exhibit
Delamarter RB; Carr J; Saxton EH; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
This may be the first documented case in the United States and in the orthopedic literature of transfusion-transmitted human T-cell leukemia virus Type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy (HAM). Progressive myelopathy occurred in a 58-year-old white man with serologic and molecular eviden
Moskovic E; Miller R; Pearson M; Department of Radiology, Brompton Hospital, London.
High resolution computed tomography (CT) was performed on 11 homosexual men with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). All had bronchoscopically proven Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Six patients were re-scanned following treatment and symptomatic recovery. All the scans were abnormal, most showing fi
Flora GS; Modilevsky T; Antoniskis D; Barnes PF; Department of Medicine, Los Angeles County-University of Southern; California Medical Center.
We describe the clinical features of 11 patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection in whom tuberculosis was undiagnosed and untreated prior to death. Most patients (9 of 11) had pulmonary complaints and 8 of 11 had roentgenographic findings suggestive of tuberculosis (hilar or mediastinal adenopathy, pleural
Chechani V; Kamholz SL; Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Brooklyn.
Forty-eight patients with disseminated cryptococcosis and AIDS were retrospectively studied to define the pulmonary manifestations. Cryptococcus neoformans (CN) was first isolated from a pulmonary site in 12 patients. Disseminated disease was subsequently documented in all these patients. Symptoms and roentgenographic
Nathan S; Vaghaiwalla R; Mohsenifar Z; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School; of Medicine 90048.
An unusual case of endobronchial Kaposi s sarcoma causing right middle and lower lobe atelectasis is reported. The lesion was successfully removed with Nd-YAG laser photoresection.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1990 Oct 26;115(43):1619-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031004
Weber R; Opravil M; Bloch K; Speich R; Linnenberg HS; Kuster H; Kagi M; Jacquier P; Eckert J; Russi EW; et al; Departement fur Innere Medizin, Universitatsspital, Zurich.
The clinical presentation of 60 consecutive Pneumocystis carinii pneumonias in 58 HIV-infected patients (48 men, 10 women, mean age 34 [22-53] years) was prospectively evaluated from April to August 1989 and compared with 60 consecutive P. carinii pneumonias in 59 HIV-infected patients (55 men, 4 women, mean age 37.5
A 41-year old man of Brazilian origin, suffering from AIDS for one year, fell ill with pyrexia of over 39 degrees C, dyspnoea, chest pain and deterioration in his general condition. At the same time he noted a discrete skin eruption, mainly on the upper limbs. Diarrhoea began later. A chest radiograph revealed bilater
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jul;67(7):461-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031112
Maselle SY; Shao JF; Haukenes G; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili Medical; Centre, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Serum samples from 267 healthy subjects and patients either infected or not infected with HIV-1 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania , were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot techniques for evidence of HTLV-1 infection. Specific antibodies were detected in only 1
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jul;67(7):466-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031113
Burans JP; Fox E; Omar MA; Farah AH; Abbass S; Yusef S; Guled A; Mansour M; Abu-Elyazeed R; Woody JN; US Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt.
A group of 89 prostitutes and 45 patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in Mogadishu, Somalia were examined for evidence of HIV infection. Both groups reported more than 1 sexual partner routinely and had sexual contacts with prostitutes. There was a significant a
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jul;67(7):512-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031120
Mhalu FS; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili Medical; Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
The HIV is a typical sexually transmitted disease (STD) agent which depends for its transmission through sex on contact between raw body tissues of infected and uninfected individuals independent of sexual inclination. The dynamics of HIV transmission and its control in a community can be inferred from studying the so
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jul;67(7):518-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031121
Awan HR; Adala HS; Bahador FA; Department of Surgery, University of Nairobi.
A patient with confirmed acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and disseminated Kaposi s sarcoma was seen in the Eye Clinic, Kenyatta National Hospital, and was found to have involvement of the conjunctiva and lids, confirmed by biopsy. He also had retinal haemorrhages and cotton-wool spots. Kaposi s sarcoma of t
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jul;67(7):522-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031122
Awan HR; Adala HS; Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, University of; Nairobi.
A case is described of an 8 year old child who presented with Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus involving the left eye. He had a positive history of pulmonary tuberculosis, repeated hospital admissions and blood transfusion. He was confirmed to have Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. During the course of his followup, he d
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jul;67(7 Suppl 2):SS31-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031124
Young AS; Cummins JM; Overseas Development Administration of U.K.
The history of the discovery and development of knowledge on interferon is reviewed in some depth. Although interferons have been considered a very exciting group of proteins for many years during which they were initially shown to have antiviral effects and lately immunomodulatory and immunoregulatory effects, attemp
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jul;67(7 Suppl 2):SS64-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031125
Koech DK; Obel AO; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.
One hundred and ninety nine symptomatic and 5 asymptomatic patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were treated with KEMRON, a natural human interferon alpha (nHIF alpha) stabilized in a complex polysacchariche carrier. Treatment was given for at least 10 weeks at a daily oral dose of
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jul;67(7 Suppl 2):SS77-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031127
Koech DK; Obel AO; Kenya Medical Research Institute.
Treatment of HIV infections has involved the use of antiviral drugs as well as those drugs that act against opportunistic infections. Immune modulators have also been used. A review of these drugs is reported emphasizing on those which have great promise in the clinical management of HIV infections in the light of our
Oberg B; Vrang L; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Screening for new antiviral drugs is concentrated on a search for inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus, herpesviruses, influenza virus, hepatitis B virus and rhinovirus. The first step in the process is usually the screening of virus-infected cell cultures followed by secondary screening in infected animals.
Vranckx R; Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Brussels, Belgium.
A newly introduced single strip line immunoassay was evaluated as a possible alternative to Western blot for the differential detection of antibodies to multiple HIV-1 and HIV-2 antigens in human serum. In a panel of 153 sera found to be positive twice in currently used screening tests, the line immunoassay and the We
Berrebi A; Kobuch WE; Puel J; Tricoire J; Herne P; Grandjean H; Pontonnier G; Services de Gynecologie-Obstetrique, CHU La Grave, Toulouse,; France.
Over a period of 3 years (mean 16, extremes 3 and 36 months), we compared clinical and laboratory parameters of 128 female, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, all in clinical stage II or III (CDC classification). 34 patients were pregnant and delivered a viable infant after at least 28 weeks of amen
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1990 Jul;58(2):141-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91032876
Lewin CS; Watt B; Paton R; Amyes SG; Bacteriology Department, University Medical School, Edinburgh,; U.K.
Zidovudine-resistant Escherichia coli were isolated from faecal samples from 6 out of 11 AIDS patients receiving zidovudine. Resistance appeared to be due to the loss of thymidine kinase activity which is required for the phosphorylation of zidovudine to its active form. No zidovudine resistant enterobacteria were iso
Olsen HS; Cochrane AW; Dillon PJ; Nalin CM; Rosen CA; Department of Molecular Oncology and Virology, Roche Institute of; Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey.
Interaction of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Rev protein with a structured region within env mRNA (termed RRE) mediates the export of virus structural mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. We show that the region encompassing the basic stretch of amino acids is essential for the ability of Rev to
Roy S; Delling U; Chen CH; Rosen CA; Sonenberg N; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec,; Canada.
The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) trans-activates viral gene expression and is obligatory for virus replication. Tat function is mediated through a sequence termed TAR that comprises part of the 5 -noncoding region of all HIV-1 mRNAs. This region forms a stable stem-loop structure in vitro
Maiman M; Fruchter RG; Serur E; Remy JC; Feuer G; Boyce J; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New; York-Health Science Center, Brooklyn 11203.
To determine the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and cervical neoplasia, the characteristics of invasive and preinvasive cervical disease in 114 patients of known HIV status were assessed. Seven of thirty-seven patients (19%) under age 50 with invasive cervical carcinoma were HIV-posi
Semprini AE; Ravizza M; Bucceri A; Vucetich A; Pardi G; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milano; Medical School, Ospedale S. Paolo, Italy.
We have observed 74 HIV-seropositive and 48 HIV-seronegative drug-addicted women and 22 HIV-seropositive nondrug-addicted pregnant women during pregnancy and we report their perinatal outcome. 8 out of 96 HIV-seropositive patients had hematological signs of immunodeficiency and 2 of these patients were symptomatic bel
Bigi G; Stone G; Cerri A; Sun D; Sarin PS; Instituto di Medicina Interna e Fisiopatologia Medica,; Universita, Facolta di Medicina e Chirugia, Milano, Italy.
Multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) were detected in cell lines established from peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with: (a) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS), (b) chronic active hepatitis (CAH), (c) papular acrodermatitis (PA) negative for hepatitis B virus antigens but
Rossi G; Cadeo G; Stellini R; Zorzi F; Favret M; Sueri L; Carosi G; Mariano M; Marinone G; III Divisione Medicina Generale, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
The characteristics of 14 HIV-seropositive patients with NHL consecutively observed between 1984 and 1988 at our Institution are described. Patients belonged to a known population of 1242 HIV-seropositive individuals in whom the incidence of NHL was 1.13%, significantly higher than in age-matched controls (P less than
Angelucci E; Lucarelli G; Baronciani D; Durazzi SM; Galimberti M; Maddaloni D; Polchi P; Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale di Pesaro, Italy.
The authors report their experience on allogeneic bone marrow transplant in an HIV seropositive thalassemic child. Before transplant a treatment with Azidothymidine was performed with the aim of reducing the viral load. Engraftment took place but, later, an explosive upsurge of viral disease occurred with encephalitis
Secondary immunodeficiencies are much more frequent than primary immunological disorders. There are many etiologies, such as malnutrition, cytostatic drug therapy, burns, protein-losing conditions and infections. This review briefly considers the history of virus-induced immunosuppression. Today, measles and AIDS are
Franklyn KM; Warmington JR; Ott AK; Ashman RB; Department of Medical Technology, Curtin University of; Technology, Bentley, WA 6102.
Antibody to an immunodominant antigen of approximately 48 kDa is found in a high proportion of patients with mucocutaneous or systemic infections of the yeast Candida albicans. A cDNA encoding part of the 48 kDa antigen has been isolated. From the deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA clone, the 48 kDa antigen shows
Passi S; De Luca C; Picardo M; Morrone A; Ippolito F; Istituto Dermatologico Santa Maria e San Gallicano, Roma.
Plasma levels of vitamin E (vit E) and polyunsatured fatty acids of phospholipids (PUFA-PL) as well as erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity are significantly lower (p less than 0.001) in patients HIV sero-positive (AIDS and ARC cases) both affected and not affected with seborrheic dermatitis and in 32%
Indian J Med Res. 1990 Jul;91:239-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91033946
Mathai R; Prasad PV; Jacob M; Babu PG; John TJ; Department of Dermatology, Christian Medical College & Hospital,; Vellore.
In a prospective, systematic investigation, 2215 new patients with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) were screened for human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) infection during April 1986 to December 1988. Among them 9 were positive for HIV antibody giving a rate of 4/1000. In addition, 5 patients had been referred to ou
Mason PR; Gwanzura L; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe; Medical School, Harare.
Proliferative responses to mitogens were determined by using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from women with active trichomoniasis, with serological evidence of past infection with Trichomonas vaginalis, and with no evidence of current or past infection. Even after the human immunodeficiency virus antibody status o
Int Anesthesiol Clin. 1990 Fall;28(4):184-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91034223
Faust RJ; Warner MA; Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
Hepatitis remains the most serious transfusion risk, in terms of incidence and severity. Transfusion-associated AIDS, hemolytic reactions, TRALI, and anaphylaxis are severe problems that occur relatively rarely, while febrile reactions and mild allergic reactions are common but not serious. The key to avoiding all the
Int J Addict. 1990 Mar;25(3):291-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91034304
Ottomanelli G; Kramer TH; Bihari B; Fine J; Heller S; Mosely JA; State University of New York, Health Sciences Center, Brooklyn; 11203.
Ninety-two substance abusers were surveyed about AIDS-related risk behaviors. The questionnaire administered elicited information on demographics, sexual practices, substance abuse, and risk behaviors involving the use of needles. Results indicated an appropriate base of prevention knowledge and patients efforts to m
Ir Med J. 1990 Sep;83(3):109-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91034612
McLoughlin P; Mulcahy F; O'Briain DS; Kane B; Mulvihill E; Prichard JS; Department of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin.
We describe the results of 43 bronchoscopic examinations carried out on 35 patients who were HIV positive. Of these, 13 were intravenous drug abusers, 13 were homosexual or bisexual, six were haemophiliacs, two were homosexual intravenous drug abusers and one was a heterosexual contact of a drug abuser. All underwent
Arras JD; Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; New York, NY.
Participants in AIDS research may justify non-compliance with protocols by a coercion defense. While this defense may not be philosophically successful, a prudent social policy can enhance compliance by encouraging community participation and providing greater access to non-validated therapies.
Ast D; Cunha BA; Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital,; Mineola, NY 11501.
As mentioned previously, both MS and PML are demyelinating conditions of the CNS and pose diagnostic difficulties in their differentiation because of similarities in their clinical findings. However, certain features unique to each of these diseases are helpful in clinical diagnosis. MS, unlike PML, is a disease of un
Henry Ford Hosp Med J. 1990;38(1):68-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91034854
Amin MB; Abrash MP; Mezger E; Sekerak GF; Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202.
Pneumocystis carinii is usually considered a respiratory tract pathogen; however, there are reported cases of limited and generalized dissemination of the organism from the lungs of immunocompromised patients. We present the autopsy findings of a 29-year-old male with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and recu
Bird C; Burke J; Gleeson PA; McCluskey J; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Monash Medical School,; Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
The expression of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein products was studied in cells transfected with env gene constructs transcribed from an SV40 promoter. Gene constructs possessing the complete tat, rev (tat+ rev+) and env genes were transiently expressed in COS-1 cells as precursor SU-TM (g
Drucker DJ; Bailey D; Rotstein L; Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of; Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
A 38-yr-old male with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome developed neck pain in association with mild hyperthyroidism and a diffusely enlarged thyroid gland. Radioactive iodine scanning was consistent with thyroiditis, and biopsy of the thyroid demonstrated the presence of pneumocystis carinii in thyroid tissue. Treat
Chan MM; Campos JM; Josephs S; Rifai N; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Medical; Center, Washington, D.C. 20010.
The value of beta 2-microglobulin and neopterin concentrations in serum for early diagnosis of infants born to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected mothers was assessed. Concentrations of both markers were measured in serum samples from pediatric patients (Centers for Disease Control classifications P0
Suzuki Y; Remington JS; Department of Parasitology, Jikei University School of Medicine,; Tokyo, Japan.
Titers in a direct agglutination test using Formalin-fixed toxoplasma tachyzoites were significantly higher in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) than in those without TE. In contrast, when fresh (not fixed) tachyzoites were used, the titers did not differ from those in
Wilcox CM; Byford BA; Forsmark CE; Hadley WK; Cello JP; Jacobson MA; Division of Gastroenterology, San Francisco General Hospital,; California 94110.
Over a 25-month period, we prospectively evaluated 36 patients with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus disease (including 27 with unexplained chronic diarrhea) by flexible sigmoidoscopy for the presence of Campylobacter-like organisms. No Campylobacter-like organisms were isolated. Campylobacter-like organisms a
Verdier M; Denis F; Leonard G; Sangare A; Patillaud S; Prince-David M; Essex M; Department of Bacteriology-Virology, Centre Hospitalier; Universitaire Dupuytren, Limoges, France.
The effectiveness of four screening tests for detecting antibody to human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was determined by using 2,700 African serum specimens. The tests studied were indirect immunofluorescence, particle agglutination from Fujirebio, and two enzyme immunoassays, one from
Hanson CV; Crawford-Miksza L; Sheppard HW; Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department; of Health Services, Berkeley 94704.
To perform a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) plaque assay in nonadherent host cells, we developed a novel technique in which HIV-infected MT-2 cells were formed into monolayers by centrifugation through molten agarose. Infection, formation of cell monolayers, and enumeration of plaques all took place in 96-well mic
Espejo RT; Uribe P; Centro de Estudios Cientificos de Santiago, Chile.
Analysis by radioimmunoprecipitation of serum samples from 27 different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals residing in Chile showed that the sera of 26% of these individuals also react with glycoprotein gp125 of HIV type 2 (HIV-2). This cross-reaction s
York MK; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
Ten nonpathogenic Bacillus isolates were obtained from blood cultures collected over a 2-year period. Eight of these isolates were from patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and seven were recovered from blood cultures obtained in outpatient clinics. Five cases occurred during a 5-month period. These five c
Dickover RE; Donovan RM; Goldstein E; Dandekar S; Bush CE; Carlson JR; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis; 95616.
The polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the DNA copy number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Differences in polymerase chain reaction amplification efficiency were controlled by amplifying known amounts of HIV DNA in parallel with samples. This technique is a sensitive, accurate, and reproducible metho
Vitkovic L; Kalebic T; de Cunha A; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Human promonocytic cells chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) (clone U1.1.5) were grown in the presence of media conditioned by primary rat cortical astrocytes and HIV-1 expression was assessed by measuring reverse transcriptase activity. Media conditioned by non-stimulated and lipopolysacc
Thirty four patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had lymphadenopathy were investigated using fine needle aspiration. Cytological analysis included immunocytochemical investigation with the alkaline phosphatase-antialkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method. All patients had confirmation of cytological
Blick M; Bresser J; Lepe-Zuniga JL; Goodacre A; Luethke D; Holder WR; Duvic M; Department of Clinical Immunology and Biological Therapy,; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
Systemic lupus erythematosus, a multisystemic disorder, is considered a prototype of the autoimmune diseases. Although its cause remains unknown, a viral etiology has been proposed. We report that a rapid and sensitive messenger RNA in situ hybridization technique detected hybridizing sequences to the human immunodefi
Su IJ; Wu YC; Chen YC; Hsieh HC; Cheng AL; Wang CH; Kadin ME; Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital,; Taipei.
This study was undertaken to identify the cutaneous manifestations among different prognostic subgroups of postthymic T cell malignancies. Cutaneous involvement was demonstrated in 43 of 88 cases. We recognized five clinicopathologic subtypes: type I, classical cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) or mycosis fungoides, si
Stack RJ; Bickley LK; Coppel IG; Department of Pathology, New Jersey Medical School, Newark.
Acute miliary tuberculosis of the skin is an extremely rare infection that occurs in immunocompromised persons. We report an intravenous drug abuser with human immunodeficiency virus infection in whom erythematous papules developed on the trunk and proximal aspect of the extremities. Visceral lesions of unsuspected mi
Garcia-Muret MP; Pujol RM; Puig L; Moreno A; de Moragas JM; Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau,; Barcelona, Spain.
We report a 42-year-old white bisexual man with disseminated Kaposi s sarcoma limited to the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Results of several serum tests for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies have been negative. The CD4/CD8 ratio has remained normal, and his Kaposi s sarcoma has had a benign clinical co
Doran M; Hajnal JV; Van Bruggen N; King MD; Young IR; Bydder GM; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Royal Postgraduate Medical; School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England.
A pulsed magnetic field gradient spin echo technique was used to study the brain of two volunteers and eight patients. The pulsed gradients were applied both perpendicular and parallel to the image slice. Striking changes in signal intensity were demonstrated in white matter depending on the direction in which pulsed
Menon DK; Baudouin CJ; Tomlinson D; Hoyle C; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Royal Postgraduate Medical; School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, U.K.
Central nervous system involvement is increasingly being recognised as a common manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), either as a direct effect of the human immunodeficiency virus, or as a result of secondary infection or malignancy. A subset of patients with clinical or psychometric evidence
Kato H; Hamada T; Tsuji T; Baba T; Seki J; Kobayashi Y; Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Medical School,; Japan.
A patient with diabetes mellitus who developed the typical classic lesions of Kaposi s sarcoma is described. Our patient presented with a reddish-purple papulonodular lesion on the right foot of five months duration. A skin biopsy specimen showed a proliferation of spindle cells forming numerous vascular slits and a
Getty G; Stern P; Faculty of Nursing, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton.
Gay men continue to be the largest group in Canada developing AIDS. They have responded to this threat on a personal and community level. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of gay men about AIDS, and how they responded to these perceptions. Data were gathered
Frustration over their inability to reach sizable numbers of students for an AIDS education and prevention program, even after employing peer educators, prompted the staff of the SHS to devise a classroom-based program. Sixty-five faculty members gave permission for the presentations, and the students represented a ca
Gerberding JL; Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital,; California.
Studies in which noninfected persons shared households with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected family members and friends, and had substantial though non-sexual contact with them revealed no transmissions of the HIV virus. These results suggest a similar low risk for healthcare workers, particularly those who
Transmission of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pose substantial risks to institutional healthcare employees working with blood. While the risk of contracting hepatitis B in the hospital setting is much greater than the probability of acquiring HIV, the cost of treating the acquired
Hanan ZI; Mercy Hospital, Rockville Centre, New York.
The hospital s department of pharmacy plays an important role in lessening the risk of bloodborne disease transmission through its influences in the coordination and control of the hospital s drug distribution system, intravenous (IV) admixture service and purchasing decisions with regard to injectable drug products.
Miller RF; Semple SJ; University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, Middlesex; Hospital, London, U.K.
The majority of patients with AIDS and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia respond to treatment with either high-dose cotrimoxazole or IV pentamidine. Glucocorticoids have been given as adjuvant therapy in those patients who fail to respond to cotrimoxazole or pentamidine. This article discusses the role of glucocorticoi
Colebunders R; Bahwe Y; Nekwei W; Ryder R; Perriens J; Nsimba K; Turner A; Francis H; Lebughe I; Van der Stuyft P; et al; Project SIDA, Department of Public Health, Kinshasa, Zaire.
There is concern that the impaired cell mediated immunity caused by the human immunodeficiency virus may increase the risk of severity of Plasmodium falciparum infection and could lead eventually to a decreased response to standard antimalarial treatment. In 1986, at Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinshasa,
Nelson MR; Bower M; Smith D; Reed C; Shanson D; Gazzard B; Department of Medicine, Westminister Hospital, London, U.K.
Serum cryptococcal antigen titres were measured in 828 HIV-infected patients with pyrexia, 69 of whom had meningism. Serum cryptococcal antigen was positive in 17 patients of whom 16 had meningism with cryptococcus isolated from their CSF. The other patient had no meningism, had no evidence of cryptococcal infection o
Hillman RJ; Rao GG; Harris JR; Taylor-Robinson D; Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Clinical Research; Centre, Harrow, Middlesex, U.K.
Ciprofloxacin is an uncommon cause of pseudomembranous colitis. A case is described in which diarrhoea was associated with the presence of clostridial toxin in an HIV-infected patient and the possible implications are discussed.
Duvic M; Dept of Dermatology, University of TX Medical School, Houston; 77030.
The association of severe psoriasis with HIV infection, which dysregulates and destroys the human immune system, supports the hypothesis that psoriasis is an immunologically mediated disease. Psoriasis and Kaposi s sarcoma share angiogenesis as basic early findings and could both be caused by differential cytokine exp
Battjes RJ; Pickens RW; Amsel Z; Brown LS Jr; Division of Clinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse,; Rockville, MD 20857.
To examine sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among heterosexual intravenous drug users (IVDUs), HIV antibody status of IVDUs with intravenous drug-using sexual partners (IVSPs) was compared with that of IVDUs with no IVSPs. Initial bivariate analyses indicated IVDUs with IVSPs were more likely
Redd SC; Rutherford GW 3d; Sande MA; Lifson AR; Hadley WK; Facklam RR; Spika JS; Division of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, GA 30333.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an important risk factor for invasive pneumococcal disease, but information on clinical course and infecting serotypes is limited. To help develop strategies to reduce the morbidity due to invasive pneumococcal disease, episodes of pneumococcal bacteremia were identified by retros
Genesca J; Wang RY; Alter HJ; Shih JW; Department of Transfusion Medicine, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical; Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify a long sequence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA, to assess the correlation between PCR signal and clinical stage of disease, and to demonstrate the genotypic variability of different HIV isolates. Twenty-four (96%) of 25 anti-HIV-reactive patients and none
Galgiani JN; Ampel NM; Medical Service, VA Medical Center, Tucson, AZ 85723.
Coccidioidomycosis is at best a complicated fungal infection; often it is life-threatening. Coccidioidomycosis is confined epidemiologically to the southwestern region of the USA, and most cases have occurred in that area, particularly in Arizona. However, we have seen several cases in San Francisco in patients with o
Pincus SH; Wehrly K; Laboratory of Microbial Structure and Function, National; Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, Montana; 59840.
A sensitive and quantitative focal immunoassay has been used to measure the effects of three different therapeutic agents on tissue culture cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The effects of the drugs were studied on both acutely and persistently infected CD4+ cell lines. The three agents, azidothy
Sonnerborg A; Saaf J; Alexius B; Strannegard O; Wahlund LO; Wetterberg L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Roslagstull Hospital,; Stockholm, Sweden.
The brains of 65 individuals with antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), 20 HIV-1 seronegative homosexual men, and 75 heterosexual controls were examined by a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging technique. A white matter aberration was detected most frequently in patients with AIDS-related comp
Meyer RD; Moudgil T; Detels R; Phair JP; Hirsch MS; Ho DD; Department of Medicine, University of California School of; Medicine, Los Angeles 90048.
This study sought to define the seroprevalence of human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV) types I and II in selected populations of homosexual men. Serum specimens were screened for antibodies to HTLV and to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by enzyme immunoassay; successive testing of specimens with positive results was
Lewis DE; Minshall M; Wray NP; Paddock SW; Smith LC; Crane MM; Department of Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; TX 77030.
A central anomaly in the pathogenesis of AIDS is that few actively infected CD4+ cells (1 in 10(4)-10(5) have been detected in the peripheral blood, even though dramatic depletion (often greater than 90%) of CD4+ cells is the hallmark of disease progression. A sensitive, 35S-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RN
Midthun K; Garrison L; Clements ML; Farzadegan H; Fernie B; Quinn T; Center for Immunization Research, Rockville, Maryland.
As part of a phase 1 trial of a candidate AIDS vaccine, blood specimens were collected from 168 healthy adult volunteers at minimal or no risk for becoming infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). These specimens were screened for evidence of HIV-1 infection by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and the Biotec
J La State Med Soc. 1990 Aug;142(8):31-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91037612
Valainis GT; Parta MJ; Tulane Univ School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Section.
The clinical significance of bronchoscopy washing cultures for bacteria had been questioned before the era of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and the procedure was felt to be misleading more than helpful. Little has been mentioned of its utility in AIDS patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The
Tompkins MB; Novotney C; Grindem CB; Page R; English R; Nelson P; Tompkins WA; Department of Microbiology, Pathology and Parasitology, College; of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh; 27606.
Immunotherapy, with interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) or IL-2 plus lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, has been used to treat cancer and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in man. Similarities between feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection in the cat and human immunodef
Little D; Ferris JA; Department of Forensic Pathology, University of British Columbia,; Vancouver, Canada.
Sera from 207 forensic autopsy cases were tested for the presence of antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) using a recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) technique developed by Chiron Corporation of Emeryville, California--the Chiron RIBA-HIV216 test system. Out of these cases, 172 autopsies were of individu
Klatt EC; Mills NZ; Noguchi TT; Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical; Center.
The authors reviewed at autopsy the causes of death of 274 patients with evidence of intravenous drug abuse who had been admitted to a large public hospital. There were 127 who died from diseases unrelated to intravenous drug abuse, and in 41% of these, chronic alcoholism was implicated. Deaths from overdose syndromes
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1990 Oct;178(10):607-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91037986
Joseph JG; Caumartin SM; Tal M; Kirscht JP; Kessler RC; Ostrow DG; Wortman CB; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
This study describes the mental health of a large cohort of gay men participating in the Chicago Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/Coping and Change Study. Six biannual questionnaires were self-administered between 1984 and 1988. General mental health was determined by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL). An abbreviated
Giacometti A; Pongetti P; Petrelli E; Scalise G; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Ancona, Italy.
We studied the clinical efficacy and safety of imipenem, a broad spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic, in acute bacterial infections in 21 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC). Imipenem/cilastatin was administered as a 30-min intravenous infusion using a dose of 500 mg/8 h. Bacterial pathogens were isolated bef
Kayser C; Campbell R; Sartorious C; Bartlett M; Department of Surgery, Indiana University Medical Center,; Indianapolis.
Toxoplasma gondii has been reported to be the most common cause of focal brain lesions in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A case of intramedullary toxoplasmosis of the conus medullaris is reported in a patient with hemophilia A-associated AIDS. The diagnosis is discussed, with particular empha
Heald AE; Ransohoff DF; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of; Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510-8025.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and causes of needlestick injuries in medical and surgical housestaff. DESIGN: A retrospective survey. SETTING: Urban university teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: 386 housestaff; 221 responded. INTERVENTION: Survey questionnaire. MAIN RESULTS: 1) Frequency of needlestick: Of 221 respo
Lewis CE; UCLA Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1685.
The literature suggests that prior to 1981, the only groups concerned with sexual history taking were urologists, psychiatrists, and gynecologists. The appearance of AIDS, however, has made competency in this area of interviewing essential for all primary care physicians. The teaching of sexual history taking presents
A novel and sensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune-complex-transfer enzyme immunoassay) for antihuman T cell leukemia virus type 1 IgG (anti-HTLV-1 IgG) in human serum using recombinant gag(14-139)-env-(197-295) hybrid protein is described. Anti-HTLV-1 IgG in test serum was reacted with dinitrophenyl biotinyl bovine ser
Reddy MM; Vodian M; Grieco MH; R.A. Cooke Institute of Allergy, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital; Center, New York, NY 10019.
Circulating soluble CD4 (sCD4) levels were measured in 20 patients (11 with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS] and 9 with AIDS-related complex [ARC]) treated with azidothymidine ( AZT ) and in 12 patients (nine with AIDS and three with ARC) w
Baskerville A; Ramsay A; Cranage MP; Cook N; Cook RW; Dennis MJ; Greenaway PJ; Kitchin PA; Stott EJ; Public Health Laboratory Service, Centre for Applied Microbiology; and Research, Division of Pathology, Salisbury, Wiltshire, U.K.
The histological lesions were studied in seven rhesus and three cynomolgus monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus for periods ranging from nine weeks to 18 months. Lymphoreticular changes included hyperplasia, follicular involution and depletion, and one animal had amyloidosis of the spleen. Hyperplastic
Chalmers TC; Boston Veterans Administration Medical Center, Department of; Health Policy and Management, Harvard University School of Public; Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Craven DE; Liebman HA; Fuller J; Hagerty C; Cooley TP; Saunders CA; Steger KA; Libman H; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston City Hospital,; Massachusetts 02118.
Price RW; Sidtis JJ; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
The AIDS dementia complex (ADC) is one of the most common and important causes of morbidity associated with infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The evaluation of ADC in clinical trials is significant not only because of the clinical impact of this syndrome, bu
Fleming TR; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and; Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
In settings in which effective standard treatment exists, active control trials provide an ethically appealing approach to evaluating experimental therapies by allowing all patients to be randomized either to a promising new regimen or to the standard as it would be routinely delivered in clinical practice. This paper
J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 1990 Sep;80(9):469-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91038808
Steinfeld AD; Cooper JS; Division of Radiation Oncology, New York University Medical; Center, NY 10016.
The clinical behavior of Kaposi s sarcoma involving the feet is compared for patients with and without AIDS. Although AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma is less likely to be confined to the legs than is non-AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma, the legs are the most common site of disease in both forms. Kaposi s sarcoma occurring
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):167-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039255
Cheng SM; Blume M; Lee SG; Hung PP; Hirsch VM; Johnson PR; Biotechnology and Microbiology Division, Wyeth-Ayerst Research,; Radnor, PA.
The rev gene product is a trans-acting nuclear regulatory protein that is essential for AIDS virus replication. To define the effect of the SIV rev gene on its gp160 expression, two SV40 constructs have been made: pBC17 is a rev+env+ construct, and pBD21 is a rev-env+ construct. After transfecting the constructs into
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):217-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039259
Shibata R; Adachi A; Sakai H; Ishimoto A; Miura T; Hayami M; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
We constructed ten mutants of simian immunodeficiency virus isolated from African green monkey (SIVAGM), and nine mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) in vitro. Their infectivity, cytopathogenicity, transactivation potential, virus RNA, and protein synthesis were examined by transfection and infectio
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):227-38. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039260
Powell JD; Villinger F; Yehuda-Cohen T; Vuchetich M; McClure HM; Sell KW; Ahmed-Ansari A; Department of Pathology, Winship Cancer Center, Atlanta, GA.
Initial studies have revealed subtle differences in the T cell proliferative response to whole SIV antigen in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from sooty mangabeys and rhesus macaques. Preliminary findings utilizing the cellular Western blot assay are described.
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):269-78. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039263
Montefiori DC; Robinson WE Jr; Hirsch VM; Modliszewski A; Mitchell WM; Johnson PR; Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, School of; Medicine, Nashville, TN.
Plasma from four rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), of which two were experimentally infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolate SIVmac251, one with isolate SIVsmF236, and another with a SIVsmF236 molecular clone, SIVsmH-4, enhanced SIVmac infection of MT-2 cells. In addition to SIV-positive plasma, i
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):287-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039265
Hirsch VM; Zack PM; Johnson PR; Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University School of; Medicine, Rockville, MD.
Tissues from SIV-infected, immunodeficient macaques were analyzed by southern blot and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of env sequences. Provirus was readily detected in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues by southern blot analysis. The majority of virus was in an unintegrated state. Analysis of envel
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):295-303. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039266
Fomsgaard A; Allan J; Gravell M; London WT; Hirsch VM; Johnson PR; Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University, Rockville, MD.
Asymptomatic infection with simian lentiviruses (also called simian immunodeficiency viruses, or SIV) is common among feral African green monkeys. To characterize the range of SIV genetic diversity among infected African green monkeys, we have determined nucleotide sequences from complete or partial molecular clones o
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):317-26. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039268
Burns DP; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, MA.
A juvenile rhesus monkey that was inoculated intravenously with molecularly cloned SIVmac239 became persistently infected. A modified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure was used to specifically amplify full-length envelope (env) gene sequences from DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), l
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):351-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039271
Benveniste RE; Hill RW; Eron LJ; Csaikl UM; Knott WB; Henderson LE; Sowder RC; Nagashima K; Gonda MA; Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, MD.
Single-cell clones of HIV-1 (FRE-3) or SIV/Mne infected HuT 78 cells were obtained by plating dilutions of virally infected HuT 78 cells on a monolayer of sheep choroid plexus cells in 96-well microtiter plates. Several of these clones produce HIV-1 virus mutants that accumulate the gag precursor polyprotein and lack
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):367-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039272
Kuller L; Morton WR; Benveniste RE; Tsai CC; Clark EA; Gale MJ; Hu SL; Thouless ME; Katze MG; Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington,; Seattle.
Previous studies had tested the susceptibility of two macaque species, Macaca nemestrina and M. mulatta, to infection with the primate lymphotropic lentivirus SIVmne. In this report we describe the results obtained after infecting eleven M. fascicularis with SIVmne. Six of the animals had previously been immunized wit
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):381-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039273
Davison-Fairburn B; Blanchard J; Hu FS; Martin L; Harrison R; Ratterree M; Murphey-Corb M; Delta Regional Primate Research Center, Tulane University,; Covington, LA.
Ten rhesus monkeys were inoculated with SIV/DeltaB670 during various stages of gestation to determine factors predictive of transplacental infection. Two abortions associated with rapid disease occurred shortly after infection; uninfected infants were caesarean delivered from eight other females. SIV-specific RNA acco
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):395-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039274
Daniel MD; Sehgal PK; Kodama T; Wyand MS; Ringler DJ; King NW; Schmidt DK; Troup CD; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, MA.
Rhesus monkeys were immunized with purified, disrupted, noninfectious simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in adjuvant induced SIV neutralizing antibodies. Two of six previously vaccinated macaques were protected against infection when challenged with 200-1,000 animal infectious doses of uncloned, pathogenic SIV and bo
During retroviral maturation gag precursors are proteolytically cleaved to mature gag proteins. The number of mature gag proteins and their order in the gag precursors of HIV-I3B, SIVMne (captive macaque isolate), and SIVCat (wild mangabey isolate) has been determined by N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of matu
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):421-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039277
Kestler HW 3d; Mori K; Silva DP; Kodama T; King NW; Daniel MD; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA.
Molecular clones of SIVmac were constructed that differed only in sequences within the nef gene. DEAE-transfection of viral DNA containing an open from of nef yielded virus that replicated with similar kinetics and to a similar extent in macaque peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) cultures as virus with a deletion or st
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):431-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039278
Kodama T; Burns DP; Kestler HW 3d; Daniel MD; Desrosiers RC; New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical; School, Southborough, MA.
The SIVmac239 infectious clone does not have a premature stop codon in its transmembrane protein (TMP) region and it produces full-length (41 kilodalton, kDa) TMP in macaque peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in vitro and in vivo. However, viruses with truncated forms of TMP (28kDa) are selected during propagation in
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1990 Nov 21;82(22):1761-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039395
McMahon J; Schmid S; Weislow O; Stinson S; Camalier R; Gulakowski R; Shoemaker R; Kiser R; Dykes D; Harrison S; et al; Developmental Therapeutics Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research; and Development Center, MD 21701-1013.
We investigated the feasibility of micro-encapsulation technology for the evaluation of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drugs in vivo. The ability to place human cells in microcapsules with semipermeable membranes for implantation into test animals led to the development of this assay. The anti-HIV activity as
Wilkinson M; Carroll PR; Cancer Research Institute, University of California School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0738.
Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at increased risk for certain malignancies. Because acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and testicular cancer affect primarily young men, the potential complications that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome might impose raise significant concern. To address this q
JAMA. 1990 Nov 14;264(18):2416-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039696
Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.
As the public health impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in women and children has increased, so has interest in screening pregnant women and newborns for evidence of HIV infection. However, screening of pregnant women and newborns raises profound moral, legal, and policy issues. In this article, we
JAMA. 1990 Dec 5;264(21):2764-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039770
Lewis CE; Montgomery K; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024.
To determine the human immunodeficiency virus-testing policies adopted by US hospitals, we surveyed a stratified random sample of all nonfederal general acute care hospitals, drawn from the American Hospital Association s 1987 database. Interviews were completed with the chief administrator in 561 hospitals (response
Gan No Rinsho. 1990 Sep;36(11):2007-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039930
Kurihara K; Kohno H; Nakagawa K; Miyamoto N; Chikamori Y; Kondo T; Dept. of Pathology, Uwajima City Hospital.
Eleven cases of extranodal orofacial lymphomas (EOFL), consisting of 4 HTLV related and 7 HTLV unrelated EOFLs, have been investigated with regard to their immunohistological and clinical features. The HTLV related EOFLs were found to be of the T-cell phenotype and were associated with a poorer prognosis than the HTLV
Walsh ME; Bibace R; School of Education, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167.
A growing number of health and education professionals argue that AIDS/HIV education curricula should be developmentally-based. They suggest the principles of developmental psychology be used to design curricula based on the sequentially ordered ways children of different ages understand AIDS. Relying on findings of r
Ballard DJ; White DM; Glascoff MA; Dept. of Health and Physical Education, Texas A & M University,; College Station 77843.
Professional preparation programs should provide future elementary teachers opportunities to develop competence in dealing with school-related AIDS issues. Curriculum writers and instructors of preservice elementary teachers could be more effective if they were aware of this groups beliefs about school-related AIDS i
Dorman SM; Collins ME; Brey RA; Dept. of Health Science Education, University of Florida,; Gainesville 32611.
This paper describes the conceptualization, development, planning, and implementation of a new professional preparation course entitled AIDS/HIV Education: Issues and Strategies. The 15-week, campuswide course was offered through the Dept. of Health Science Education at the University of Florida during spring semester
Brown LK; Nassau JH; Barone VJ; Brown University, Providence, RI.
Grade-related similarities and differences in AIDS knowledge and attitudes were assessed in 441 fifth, seventh, and tenth graders from one school district. Grade level was a significant variable (p less than .01) on 53% of items. Grade-related differences in knowledge were apparent when students responded to questions
Nagy S; Hunt B; Adcock A; College of Education, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa; 35487-0312.
Effective curricula should influence knowledge levels of all students, including high-risk populations. In this study, a modified version of the National Adolescent Student Health Survey was administered to a group of eighth and 10th grade students (N = 3,803) exposed to a curriculum designed to improve AIDS and STD k
Life Sci. 1990;47(15):PL59-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041549
Martinez F; Watson RR; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of; Arizona, Tucson 85724.
Elevated serum levels of IgG are amongst the immunological abnormalities exhibited by intravenous drug addicts. We therefore addressed the hypothesis that cocaine and morphine (the major metabolite of heroin) exert a direct effect on human B cell function in vitro. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal
Med Teach. 1990;12(1):77-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041640
Ellis N; Stubbs S; Hargreaves I; University College of North Wales.
Health service workers attitudes to their patients carry significant health care consequences. In order to investigate the relationships between health workers attitudes to groups at high risk of AIDS and their knowledge of the disease and views on procedures for care, community health care workers and students comp
Medicine (Baltimore). 1990 Nov;69(6):345-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041689
Remick SC; Diamond C; Migliozzi JA; Solis O; Wagner H Jr; Haase RF; Ruckdeschel JC; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, New York 12208.
Twenty-two cases of PCL were reviewed, in which 9 patients had AIDS and 13 did not. A review of the literature identified 247 cases of AIDS-related PCL. Differences between patients with AIDS and immunocompetent PCL were noted in our series. AIDS-related PCL when compared to non-AIDS PCL in our series has the followin
Medicine (Baltimore). 1990 Nov;69(6):361-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041690
Wheat LJ; Connolly-Stringfield PA; Baker RL; Curfman MF; Eads ME; Israel KS; Norris SA; Webb DH; Zeckel ML; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
Histoplasmosis is a serious opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS, often representing the first manifestation of the syndrome. Most infections occurring within the endemic region are caused by exogenous exposure, while those occurring in nonendemic areas may represent endogenous reactivation of latent foci of
Medicine (Baltimore). 1990 Nov;69(6):392-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041693
Northfelt DW; Clement MJ; Safrin S; Division of AIDS Activities, University of California, San; Francisco.
Pneumocystis carinii infection is reported with increasing frequency as a cause of disease outside of the respiratory tract in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Extrapulmonary pneumocystosis is not limited to patients in any discrete risk group for HIV infection. Patients with HIV infection w
Hommes MJ; Romijn JA; Godfried MH; Schattenkerk JK; Buurman WA; Endert E; Sauerwein HP; Department of Endocrinology, University of Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
Even in the absence of anorexia and malabsorption, weight loss is frequently observed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC). To investigate whether increased resting energy expenditure (REE) might be responsible for this weight loss, indirect calorimetry was performed
Mutat Res. 1990 Nov-Dec;233(1-2):139-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042705
Strauss BS; Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of; Chicago, IL 60637.
Human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) can have a range of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) activities. PBLs from some individuals may have almost no MGMT activity. Such individuals have most often been subject to malignancy or to immunodeficiency disease. Long-term lymphoblastoid lines (LCLs) prepared
Mutat Res. 1990 Nov-Dec;233(1-2):45-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042722
Singer B; Dosanjh MK; Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley; 94720.
Two alkylation products implicated in initiation of carcinogenesis are O6-alkylguanine (m6G) and O4-alkylthymine (m4T). We have used site-specific insertion of these derivatives into oligonucleotides and measured the kinetic constants of various pairings, using both prokaryotic and eukaryotic polymerases for replicati
N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 22;323(21):1444-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042861
Gagnon S; Boota AM; Fischl MA; Baier H; Kirksey OW; La Voie L; Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine.
BACKGROUND. Preliminary reports suggest that patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia may benefit from the addition of corticosteroid treatment to antibiotic therapy. METHODS. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of adjunctiv
N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 22;323(21):1451-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042862
Bozzette SA; Sattler FR; Chiu J; Wu AW; Gluckstein D; Kemper C; Bartok A; Niosi J; Abramson I; Coffman J; et al; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego; 92103.
BACKGROUND. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia remains a common cause of serious morbidity and mortality in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The extensive lung injury that accompanies pneumocystis-associated respiratory failure and the reports of clinical benefit from the use of adjunctive cort
N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 29;323(22):1538-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042885
Gayle HD; Keeling RP; Garcia-Tunon M; Kilbourne BW; Narkunas JP; Ingram FR; Rogers MF; Curran JW; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
BACKGROUND AND METHODS. To estimate the magnitude of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic among university students, we conducted a blinded HIV-seroprevalence survey at 19 universities throughout the United States . HIV-antibody testing was performed on blood collected for ro
N Engl J Med. 1990 Dec 6;323(23):1573-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M59459
Relman DA; Loutit JS; Schmidt TM; Falkow S; Tompkins LS; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University,; Calif.
BACKGROUND. Bacillary angiomatosis is an infectious disease causing proliferation of small blood vessels in the skin and visceral organs of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and other immunocompromised hosts. The agent is often visualized in tissue sections of lesions with Warthin-Starry staining, b
N Engl J Med. 1990 Dec 6;323(23):1581-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042899
Perkocha LA; Geaghan SM; Yen TS; Nishimura SL; Chan SP; Garcia-Kennedy R; Honda G; Stoloff AC; Klein HZ; Goldman RL; et al; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco.
BACKGROUND. Peliosis hepatis is characterized by cystic, blood-filled spaces in the liver and is seen in patients with chronic infections or advanced cancer and as a consequence of therapy with anabolic steroids. Cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis is a bacterial infection that
N Engl J Med. 1990 Dec 6;323(23):1587-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042900
Slater LN; Welch DF; Hensel D; Coody DW; Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences; Center, College of Medicine, Oklahoma City.
BACKGROUND. We identified a motile, curved, gram-negative bacillus as the cause of persistent fever and bacteremia in two patients with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection. The same organism was subsequently recovered from a bone marrow-transplant recipient with septicemia and from two immunocompetent p
NIDA Res Monogr. 1990;96:150-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042959
Arora PK; Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Institute of Diabetes and; Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
NIDA Res Monogr. 1990;96:192-219. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042962
Kreek MJ; Laboratory of Biology of Addictive Diseases, Rockefeller; University, New York, NY 10021-6399.
These studies suggest that specific opiate receptors are not involved significantly in modulating NK-cell activity by any direct effect. The role normally played by the endogenous opioids in directly modulating NK-cell cytotoxic activity may be minimal and certainly is not a clinically relevant controlling factor. The
In sum, examination of the complex issues surrounding AIDS brings the disease into clearer focus for the individual health care professional. One of the benefits is that AIDS is causing the nursing profession to re-examine its role in health care. Absence of a cure is not tantamount to having nothing more to offer. In
Nature. 1990 Nov 1;348(6296):76-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91043047
Bours V; Villalobos J; Burd PR; Kelly K; Siebenlist U; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
We have cloned and characterized a mitogen-inducible gene isolated from human T cells that predicts a protein of 968 amino acids. The amino-terminal domain has regions homologous to the oncogene rel and to the developmentally important gene dorsal of Drosophila. The carboxy-terminal domain contains repeat structures f
Krauss JK; Collard M; Mohadjer M; Etou A; Kiesmann M; Mundinger F; Abteilung Stereotaxie und Neuronuklearmedizin,; Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat, Freiburg.
Sharer LR; Dowling PC; Michaels J; Cook SD; Menonna J; Blumberg BM; Epstein LG; Department of Pathology, UMD-New Jersey Medical School, Newark; 07103.
An autopsy study was performed on spinal cords from 18 children who died with HIV-1 infection, using standard histopathologic techniques as well as in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry for HIV-1. Of 16 spinal cords examined by histology, nine had inflammatory cell infiltrates and six had multinucleated cells;
Kaiser PK; Offermann JT; Lipton SA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
Picomolar concentrations of native or recombinant coat protein gp120, from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), injured rat retinal ganglion cell neurons in culture. This form of neurotoxicity could be completely abrogated by anti-gp120 but not by control preimmune serum, suggesting that the lethal effects
N J Med. 1990 Oct;87(10):811-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91043787
Barone JG; Hutchinson D; Cuppari AL; Barone JE; Department of Surgery, St. Francis Medical Center, Trenton, NJ.
We present the case of a 29-year-old intravenous drug user with AIDS and squamous cell cancer of the larynx. Profound immunosuppression was evident by an OKT4:OKT8 ratio of 0.1. Simultaneous treatment of the laryngeal cancer by laser vaporization and treatment of immunosuppression with zidovudine resulted in no tumor
Nucl Med Commun. 1990 Sep;11(9):639-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91043986
Maini CL; Pigorini F; Pau FM; Volpini V; Galgani S; Rosci MA; Narciso P; Chair of Nuclear Medicine, State University of Ancona, Italy.
Dementia complex is a syndrome that affects a high percentage of AIDS patients. Neuroradiological findings may be non-specific and the diagnosis can be difficult in its earlier stages. Preliminary radionuclide studies have recently reported derangements of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) which may be present before
This study was designed to evaluate the role of 67Ga-scintigraphy in AIDS-related intestinal infections. Seventeen out of twenty-five HIV-positive patients (68%) primarily investigated with 67Ga-scans to screen for opportunistic pneumonia presented pathologic abdominal 67Ga-uptake which was, in most cases, due to prov
Oda D; MacDougall L; Fritsche T; Worthington P; McDougal L/[corrected to MacDougall L]; Division of Oral Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle.
A 43-year-old homosexual man visited his dentist with painful, nodular, ulcerated lesions on the soft palate, right buccal mucosa, and right posterior maxillary gingiva. Serologic studies for exposure to human immunodeficiency virus, performed before biopsy, were positive. Biopsy of the maxillary gingiva demonstrated
Schweich PJ; Fosarelli PD; Duggan AK; Quinn TC; Baker JL; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Information on the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among children and adolescents requiring medical care is sparse. A small but significant risk of seroconversion occurs in health care workers who handle blood and body fluids of patients infected with HIV. The prevalence of HIV seropositivit
Thomas PA; Ralston SJ; Bernard M; Williams R; O'Donnell R; New York City Dept of Health, NY.
Surveillance data on incidence of twins among reported cases of pediatric AIDS in New York City are presented. Most pairs are concordant for HIV infection. Three discordant pairs have been described elsewhere. Possible reasons for the association are discussed, including the most likely explanation that twins show sym
Vincent KA; York-Higgins D; Quiroga M; Brown PO; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of; Medicine, CA 94305.
A conserved property of retroviral proviruses is the presence of a direct repeat in the host DNA immediately flanking the viral sequence; each virus generates a repeat with a characteristic length. By sequencing the viral/host DNA junctions from five HIV-1 proviral clones, we have confirmed that integration of HIV res
To assess the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for the work of community nursing staff, and to find out how community staff regard their contribution to the prevention of HIV infection, the care of people with AIDS and their preparation for this role was ascertained in a postal survey of one in five field
Nurs Times. 1990 Nov 7-13;86(45):49-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045240
Bond S; Rhodes T; Philips P; Tierney A
Findings from a survey of community nursing staff in Scotland reveal that there is limited knowledge about many aspects of HIV infection. Respondents were concerned about their lack of experience and knowledge as well as the in-service education that they had received. A substantial minority of community nursing staff
Mod Pathol. 1990 Sep;3(5):625-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045875
Wu AY; Forouhar F; Cartun RW; Berman MM; Shiue ST; Louie AT; Grunnet M; Department of Pathology, University of Connecticut Health Center,; Farmington.
A 35-year-old homosexual white male diagnosed as having human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented with recurrent pericardial effusion, and HIV was isolated from the pericardial fluid. Autopsy revealed an extensive gross infiltrative lesion in the left ventricle of the heart. Microscopic examination of the
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(20):8080-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045941
Hattori N; Michaels F; Fargnoli K; Marcon L; Gallo RC; Franchini G; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genetic determinant(s) responsible for tropism in human T cells or macrophages are not well defined. We studied the role of the HIV type 2 (HIV-2) nef and vpr genes in viral tropism. HIV-2 mutants, lacking either vpr or nef genes, or both vpr and nef, were obtained by site-specif
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(20):8085-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045942
Basch RS; Kouri YH; Karpatkin S; Department of Pathology, Kaplan Cancer Center, New York; University Medical School, NY 10016.
The CD4 antigen, which serves as the receptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) on T cells, has been detected on human megakaryocytes. Recent evidence of impaired thrombopoiesis in HIV-1-related thrombocytopenia suggested that these cells could be directly infected by the virus and prompted a search for
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(20):8090-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045943
Dasgupta P; Saikumar P; Reddy CD; Reddy EP; Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
The protooncogene c-myb encodes a nuclear transcription factor that binds to DNA in a sequence-specific manner and transactivates transcription of several viral and cellular genes. The expression of c-myb is induced in mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes and is constitutively expressed in several CD4+ T-ce
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8291-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045983
Kreitman RJ; Chaudhary VK; Waldmann T; Willingham MC; FitzGerald DJ; Pastan I; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute,; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Anti-Tac(Fv)-PE40 is a recombinant single-chain immunotoxin containing the heavy and light variable regions of the anti-Tac monoclonal antibody fused to a mutant form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE). Anti-Tac binds to the p55 subunit of the human interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) rece
Maj M; World Health Organization, Division of Mental Health/Global; Programme on AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland.
The literature on the psychiatric aspects of HIV-1 infection is reviewed. The whole range of psychiatric disorders described in HIV-1 infected subjects, from HIV-1 dementia to adjustment disorders, is covered, along with the AIDS-related psychopathology which may develop in subject
Soriano V; Tor J; Ribera A; Muga R; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Banco de Sangre, Hospital de; Badalona Germans Trias i Pujol, Universidad Autonoma de; Barcelona.
Gasparini P; Savoia A; Pignatti PF; Morandi C; Mezzelani P; De Sandre G; Istituto di Biologia, Policlinico Borgo Roma, Universita,; Verona.
We have utilized the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to detect proviral sequences of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from urine sediments of HIV seropositive individuals. HIV amplified DNA sequences, easily detectable in peripheral blood cells, were not found in the urine sediments of the seropositive
Rosci MA; Narciso P; Tricomi G; Bisetti A; Ospedale di Malattie infettive, Ospedale L. Spallanzani, Roma.
Tuberculous and mycobacterial infections and diseases increase now everywhere. Patients HIV-1 infected or with AIDS get more and more a mycobacterial complication. The clinical and radiological features of this event are: the bilateral extension in the lung, the importance of these lesions, the atypical appearance of
Tuberculous lesions of the skin occur rarely nowadays. We therefore have mostly lost the knowledge to recognize this entity. Furthermore, the great variability of the clinical and particularly dermatologic manifestations of the disease can tax the most astute clinician. The challenge is even greater, when the patient
Johnson SC; Stamm CP; Hicks CB; Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Army Medical Center,; Washington, D.C. 20307-5001.
A 34-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus infection and disseminated Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare infection developed a right psoas muscle abscess due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The abscess occurred 18 months after completion of a 12-month course of chemoprophylaxis with isoniazid
Clark RA; Greer D; Atkinson W; Valainis GT; Hyslop N; Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112.
Sixty-eight patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Cryptococcus neoformans who presented to three major medical centers in New Orleans, Louisiana, were studied retrospectively. In patients with meningitis the most common presenting symptoms were fever and headache. Those without central nervous
Asperilla MO; Smego RA Jr; Scott LK; Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, New York.
The 4-fluoroquinolones are a new class of antimicrobial agents that possess broad in vitro antibacterial activity, including efficacy against enteric pathogens such as Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, and Vibrio species. These drugs are clinically effective against both drug-sensitive and multiresistant
Ronald AR; Nicolle LE; Goldsand G; MacDonald N; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba,; Winnipeg, Canada.
Infectious diseases is a relatively new subspecialty in Canada . During the past decade, however, important advances have been made. These include the formation of the Canadian Infectious Diseases Society and the development of the first Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons exam
Groopman JE; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of AIDS. Laboratory tests available for assessment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection include the detection of antibodies to HIV type 1, the direct detection of the virus, the identification of surrogate markers, and the phenotypic analysis
Davey RT Jr; Lane HC; Clinical and Molecular Retrovirology Section, National Institute; of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Laboratory evaluation of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may involve detection of antibodies to HIV-1, direct detection of HIV-1 itself, and measurement of an individual s immunologic status at the time of presentation. The ELISA is currently the preferred initial screening test, although a
Groopman JE; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Replication of various strains of human immunodeficiency virus can be increased in vitro by certain colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), but the protective effect of zidovudine ( AZT ) on macrophages is not antagonized in the presence of those factors--sp
Levine AM; University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; 90033.
The multifactorial etiology of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), which is seen primarily in men, includes genetic predisposition and immunosuppression. Recently, the KS seen in association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been shown to be mediated by the production of certain growth factors. HIV per se may a
Myers MW; Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious; Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Since the first controlled clinical trial of zidovudine (ACT) was terminated in the fall of 1986, much has been learned concerning the use of this agent in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The recent report of HIV resistance associated with long-term
Francois T; Igual J; Cadranel J; Milleron B; Parquin F; Mayaud C; Akoun G; Service de Pneumologie et de Reanimation respiratoire, Hopital; Tenon, Paris.
We report 3 cases of bronchial carcinoma in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Like the other 13 cases found in the literature, these were characterized by their occurrence in young subjects, their often adenocarcinomatous nature and their abnormally severe course. These clinical features rais
HTLV-1 infection is endemic in Japan , black Africa, the Caribbean and several regions of South America. In these foci, the infections is very heterogeneously distributed (variations from village to village, intrafamilial clustering). The virus is transmitted from mother to child, an
Rev Prat. 1990 Oct 11;40(23):2124-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91047730
Buisson GG; Vernant JC; Service de neurologie, CHRU La Meynard, Fort-de-France,; Martinique.
In most cases the only manifestation of nervous system pathology associated with HTLV-1 infection is spastic paraplegia. The virus is transmitted by breast-feeding from mother to child, by transfusion of contaminated blood (or by syringes of intravenous drug addicts) or sexually from husband to wife. Paraplegia usuall
Rev Prat. 1990 Oct 11;40(23):2127-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91047731
Neisson-Vernant C; Edouard A; Hopital de jour, CHRU La Meynard, Fort-de-France.
A significant association between Strongyloides stercoralis and HTLV-1 infections has been demonstrated in areas (such as southern Japan and the Caribbean) where HTLV-1 is endemic. Due to the immunomodulating effects of the virus and the parasite, patients with both infections would
Rev Prat. 1990 Oct 11;40(23):2129-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91047732
Gachot B; Bouvet E; Bure A; Decre D; Wolff M; Vachon F; Clinique de reanimation des maladies infectieuses, groupe; hospitalier Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Paris.
Disseminated Strongyloides stercoralis infection occurs in immunocompromised patients. Despite the epidemiological overlap of HIV infection and strongyloidiasis observed in certain parts of the world, only six cases of dissemination have been reported in AIDS patients. The clinical presentation has no special features
Rev Prat. 1990 Oct 11;40(23):2131-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91047733
Georges AJ; Georges-Courbot MC; Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Republique centrafricaine, Centre; collaborateur OMS sur le sida.
Africa is the continent most severely affected by the pandemic of immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Nowadays (1990), at least 3 million individuals are infected and about 300,000 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been recorded. HIV infections started in the seventies as sporadic cases i
Rev Prat. 1990 Oct 11;40(23):2136-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91047734
Itoua-Ngaporo A; Service de gastro-enterologie et de medecine interne, Centre; hospitalier et universitaire, Brazzaville, Congo.
The clinical manifestations of HIV infection in Africa are similar to those observed in Europe and North America. However, some features related to ecological and diagnostic factors give the disease a certain African peculiarity. In more than 80 p. 100 of the cases AIDS is characterized by deep alteration of the subje
Rev Prat. 1990 Oct 11;40(23):2141-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91047735
Charmot G; Simon F; Hopital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris.
In sub-Saharian Africa, most HIV seropositive subjects carry either haematozoa (especially children) or antimalarial antibodies. Despite a transient decrease in cell-mediated immunity during malarial paroxysms, Plasmodium falciparum malaria does not seem to influence the course of the HIV infection. Paroxysms may be s
Cello JP; University of California, San Francisco.
Over the next several decades the gastroenterologist practicing anywhere in the world will be confronted with patients with AIDS-related gastrointestinal disorders. Universal body substance isolation precautions should be practiced, however, in dealing with all patients, including those outside traditional risk grou
Brattebo G; Wisborg T; Department of Surgery, Hammerfest Hospital, Norway.
A survey was made of a sample of 359 Norwegian health workers to assess attitudes towards HIV infected colleagues, and how the respondents would behave if they themselves became HIV infected. Two thirds of the 268 (75%) who responded would not allow that a HIV positive health worker treated their family, and 47% suppo
Eskild A; Magnus P; Nilsen O; Holme I; Department of Epidemiology Infectious Disease Control, Oslo city; Hospital, Norway.
The survival function of the 100 first AIDS patients in Norway is presented and analyzed with respect to four factors obtained at the time of diagnosis; a) year of diagnosis b) initial AIDS related disease c) knowledge of HIV seropositivity prior to onset of AIDS and d) age at time
In ten HIV-infected patients oral hyperpigmentations (HP) were observed, which seemed to be unrelated to any of the known endogenous or exogenous etiological factors. Light microscopy revealed accumulation of Fe-negative pigment in keratinocytes of the stratum basale as well as extra- and intracellularly within the su
Scott Med J. 1990 Aug;35(4):100-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91047926
Skidmore CA; Robertson JR; Savage G; Edinburgh Drug Addiction Study, Muirhouse Medical Group.
Mortality among a group of known drug users shows small numbers of deaths from AIDS so far but increasing deaths from overdose, especially in young women. Steadily rising numbers of drug injectors are observed. The need for a distinctly different educational approach in areas of very high seroprevalence is discussed a
Science. 1990 Nov 16;250(4983):997-1000. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048014
Bielinska A; Shivdasani RA; Zhang LQ; Nabel GJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Internal Medicine,; University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109-0650.
Alteration of gene transcription by inhibition of specific transcriptional regulatory proteins is necessary for determining how these factors participate in cellular differentiation. The functions of these proteins can be antagonized by several methods, each with specific limitations. Inhibition of sequence-specific D
Kramer EL; Sanger JJ; Department of Radiology, NYU Medical Center/Bellevue Hospital; Center, New York, 10016.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are accompanied by many different types of neurological complications. Opportunistic infections and neoplasms, particularly lymphoma, are often an underlying cause for these complications in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Frequently, these can be
Preble EA; United Nations Children's Fund, New York, NY 10017.
In Central and East Africa, pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are becoming increasing threats to child health due to the predominance of heterosexual transmission of HIV, high HIV infection rates in women of reproductive age and high birth rates. This
Hunter SS; Institute of Statistics and Applied Economics, Makerere; University, Kampala, Uganda.
Provisional estimates from a Save the Children Fund enumeration study in four Ugandan districts indicate that the total number of orphans (one or both parents missing) ranges between 620,000 and 1,200,000. Needs assessments with guardians and local administrators show that although extended family networks are absorbi
South Med J. 1990 Nov;83(11):1253-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048145
Harkess JR; Kudlac J; Istre GR; Epidemiology Service, Oklahoma State Department of Health,; Oklahoma City 73152.
To examine the interaction between syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection in Oklahoma, we conducted an unlinked HIV seroprevalence survey using serum specimens submitted to the Oklahoma State Department of Health for serologic test for syphilis. Of specimens with positive results from fluor
South Med J. 1990 Nov;83(11):1309-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048161
Judson MA; Postic B; Weiman DS; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of; South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia 29208.
A case of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in a patient with AIDS was manifested radiographically as a hilar mass and cavitary lesion. The patient had been receiving aerosolized pentamidine as prophylaxis against PCP. Nonuniform deposition of aerosolized pentamidine was probably responsible for this atypical radio
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1990 Jun;21(2):301-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048204
Manaloto CR; Hayes CG; Padre LP; Espinosa G; Andrada A; Mejia P; Cano D; Basaca-Sevilla V; US NAMRU-2, Manila, Philippines.
A study of female prostitutes in Manila who tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody ascertained demographic and sexual behavior information following diagnosis. Counselling alone did not appear to have a major impact on the sexual behavior of the HIV positive women since most continued to work
S Afr Med J. 1990 Nov 3;78(9):507-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048313
Schall R; Institute for Biostatistics, South African Medical Research; Council, Parowvallei, CP.
Using a macro-simulation model, the maximum size of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic among the heterosexual black population of South Africa is assessed. As a result of the simulations, it appears very unlikely that the demographic impact of AIDS is such that
S Afr Med J. 1990 Nov 3;78(9):511-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048314
Mathews C; Kuhn L; Metcalf CA; Joubert G; Cameron NA; Centre for Epidemiological Research in South African Medical; Research Council, Parowvallei, CP.
Students (N = 377) from four Cape Town township high schools were surveyed to obtain information on their knowledge of and attitudes towards the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and on their sexual behaviour. The study was undertaken to provide information for planning an AIDS education intervention. Three-q
S Afr Med J. 1990 Nov 3;78(9):520-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048316
Ijsselmuiden CB; Padayachee GN; Mashaba W; Martiny O; van Staden HP; Department of Community Health, University of the Witwatersrand,; Johannesburg.
The Chamber of Mines of South Africa employs approximately 750,000 miners from all over southern Africa. Sero-surveys in 1986 showed that, depending on geographical area of origin, between 0.02% and 3.76% of miners were positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies. A
S Afr Med J. 1990 Nov 3;78(9):524-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048317
Bobat RA; Coovadia HM; Windsor IM; Department of Paediatrics, University of Natal, Durban.
Nine black children aged between 3 months and 30 months of age, with human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-I) infection are described to draw the attention of health professionals in southern Africa to special clinical characteristics useful for recognising this problem, which has many shared features with common d
S Afr Med J. 1990 Nov 3;78(9):528-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048318
Friedman SY; Robertson BA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town.
As at 20 September 1989, 15 children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) had been diagnosed in South Africa and indications are that this number is going to increase at a rapid rate in the near future as the disease establishes itself in the heterosexual population.
S Afr Med J. 1990 Nov 3;78(9):533-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048319
Martin DJ; Schoub BD; Miller GB; Sim JG; Department of Virology, University of the Witwatersrand,; Johannesburg.
The diagnostic and therapeutic implications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis in South Africa , where tuberculosis remains a major health problem, are reviewed. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a high-grade pathogen and is able to establish infection ear
Pickett NA Jr; Drewry SJ; Comer EL; Metlife Central Head Office, Tulsa, OK.
The national health burden created by AIDS/HIV disease has had a significant impact on the insurance industry. In an analysis of the MetLife health and life insurance claims from 1986 through 1989, it was found that a total of $323,900,000 has been paid for AIDS/HIV disease. This figure and related information from th
Cao W; Sikorski EE; Fuchs BA; Stern ML; Luster MI; Munson AE; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of; Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298.
2 ,3 -Dideoxyadenosine (ddA) is a nucleoside analogue with anti-HIV activity and one of its metabolic products, 2 ,3 -dideoxyinosine (ddI), has shown promising results in clinical trials for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Because AIDS viruses target the immune system, it is important to un
Toxicol Lett. 1990 Oct;53(3):269-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048666
Pillai RM; Watson RR; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of; Arizona, Tucson 85724.
The application of immunotoxicology to the toxicologic assessment of drugs of abuse is a field of increasing importance. Interest in the effects of drugs of abuse on the immune system has greatly increased as a result of the AIDS epidemic. If drugs of abuse compromise the immune system, their use may well become a pre
Canavaggio M; Leckie G; Allain JP; Steaffens JW; Laurian Y; Brettler D; Lee H; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Illinois.
Antibody to HTLV-I/II was detected in 19 (0.3%) of 6286 plasma donors from five regions of the United States (US). This seroprevalence rate is approximately 10 times that in whole blood donors. The regional distribution of infection was as follows: Southwest, 0.68 percent; Southeast, 0
Prince HE; Cellular Immunology Laboratory, American Red Cross Blood; Services, Los Angeles, California.
Recent reports have demonstrated that some lymphocyte subsets are abnormal in Japanese blood donors who are seropositive for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). To determine if similar changes characterize American blood donors who are seropositive for HTLV-I/II, lymphocyte subsets were measured in 42 HTLV-ser
Bruisten SM; Tersmette M; Wester MR; Vos AH; Koppelman MH; Huisman JG; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
Strategies for diminishing the risk of blood transfusion-associated transmission of HIV-1 were evaluated. HIV-1-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells were added to blood that was subsequently filtered by using different white cell (WBC) filters (cellulose acetate and polyester). The average log reduction of infe
Morris SL; Rouse DA; Malik A; Chaparas SD; Witebsky FG; Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, United States Food; and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The plasmid profiles of 12 Mycobacterium avium strains isolated from 12 different patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were analysed. Plasmids were identified in 9 of these strains. Plasmids were isolated from all 7 serovars 4 and 8 strains, a serovar 20a strain and an untypeable strain, but were not detec
Ugeskr Laeger. 1990 Oct 29;152(44):3259-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91049050
Maltbaek N; Eriksson T; Kobenhavns Amts Sygehus i Glostrup, neuromedicinsk afdeling N.
Two case histories are presented of patients with AIDS. In both cases, the initial symptom, apart from the generalized symptoms, was rapidly progressive dementia . The most important neurological symptoms in the AIDS dementia complex are reviewed and the CNS complications of AIDS ar
Ugeskr Laeger. 1990 Nov 5;152(45):3360-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91049067
Foldspang A; Hedegaard M; Aarhus Universitet, Socialmedicinsk Institut.
During the period April 17-July 14, 1989, 820 pregnant women were offered HIV-antibody testing at the antenatal clinic, Aarhus Municipality Hospital. Seven hundred and seventy-nine (95%) agreed to complete a questionnaire concerning, among other things, previous HIV-antibody testing. 20% of the participants had been t
Abdominal complications as intercurrent infections and malignancies in AIDS-patients are one of the principal sources of morbidity and mortality in this disease. Air-contrast barium radiography of the gastrointestinal tract and computed tomography or sonography of the abdomen is of great clinical value in the evaluati
Owens RJ; Compans RW; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham; 35294.
The envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus consists of two subunits, designated gp120 and gp41, derived from the cleavage of a precursor polypeptide gp160. When expressed from a recombinant vaccinia virus and analyzed by velocity gradient sedimentation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a significa
Luo L; Li Y; Kang CY; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa,; Faculty of Medicine, Ontario, Canada.
A recombinant baculovirus carrying the gag gene but lacking the protease coding sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) has been constructed. When this recombinant baculovirus is used to infect insect cells, a high level of gag precursor protein, gag pr41, is expressed. Electron microscopy showed that
Pauza CD; Developmental Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological; Studies, San Diego, California 53706.
Proviral integration is a required step in the retrovirus life cycle. The mechanism of integration involves specific modification of the ends of linear viral DNA and subsequent recombination with host sequences. Integration results in the limited loss of sequence information at the termini of the viral genome. The com
Hjelle B; Mills R; Mertz G; Swenson S; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of; Medicine, Albuquerque.
Transmission of HTLV-I by transfusion is well documented in Japan , where HTLV-I is endemic. In non endemic regions such as the United States , HTLV-I/II infection has been transmitted by transfusion as well, but no effort to distinguish HTLV-I from HT
In HIV-infected patients major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II (= HLA-A, B, C, DR) association has been controversial. Of the MHC class III coded complement components C2, BF, C4A/C4B especially C4 allotypes appear of major immunogenetic relevance for their potential differences in virus neutralizing p
Krueger GR; Ramon A; Degenhardt S; Schrappe-Bacher M; Rasokat H; Koch B; Deninger J; Pathologisches Institut, Universitat Koln, BRD.
In a randomized double-blind longitudinal study with 30 HIV-1-positive patients with AIDS-related complex or stage Walter-Reed 5 disease, the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was tested for correcting eventual immune dysregulation. Although the IVIG-treated patients showed an improvement of their cli
The complement system, as the effector mechanism of the antigen-antibody reaction, and the levels of circulating immune complexes in a 1-year, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study served as laboratory parameters to assess the effect of long-term high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in 30 a
Berk RA; School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
The unified conceptualization of validity with regard to content-related evidence has been expressed succinctly by the authors of the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (AERA et al., 1985): Content-related evidence of validity is a central concern during [instrument] development, whether such developm
Z Lymphol. 1990 Aug;14(1):1-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91049868
Schmolke B; Immunologischen Laboratorien, Berlin.
In common with other organ systems in the body the immune system demonstrates functional disturbances which may lead to numerous immunological disorders with grave consequences for the health of the patient. Whenever the complex network of regulation and counter-regulation mechanisms within the defence system is impai
The data on the evaluation of the volume of information on the transmission routes of HIV infection, risk groups and prophylactic measures, acquired by young people aged 14-18 years, their attitude to different sources of information on AIDS, as well as the evaluation of the influence of lectures on the formation of t
Alvarez-Cermeno JC; Casado C; Villar LM; Ferreira A; Varela JM; Dominguez M; Bootello A; Najera R; Gonzalez-Porque P; Department of Neurology, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
sHLA are secreted by B and T lymphocytes upon activation. These antigens are present in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The establishment of a sHLA index, IH = (CSF sHLA/serum sHLA)/(CSF albumin/serum albumin) helped us to define that values above 9.7 reflect an intrathecal synthesis of these proteins. IH was sig
Kure K; Weidenheim KM; Lyman WD; Dickson DW; Division of Neuropathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY 10461.
Among 100 brains from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 33 brains (21 adults and 12 children) with histological evidence of subacute AIDS encephalitis were immunostained with one of the most sensitive antibodies to HIV-1 antigen, anti-gp41. Twenty-six (20/21 adults, 6/12 children) of the 33 brai
Ishimoto S; Sakai Y; Ishibashi T; Khono T; Inomata H; Itoyama Y; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyusyu; University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Interferon-alpha was effective for the treatment of retinal vasculitis and vitreous opacity in a patient with human T-lymphotropic virus type I associated myelopathy (HAM). The patient was a 40-year-old male with retinal vasculitis, vitreous opacity and Koeppe s iris nodules. Systemic administration of corticosteroid
Am Fam Physician. 1990 Nov;42(5):1274-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91051151
Campos-Outcalt D; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson.
The incidence of measles in the United States dramatically increased in the 1980s, from a low of 1,497 cases in 1983 to over 17,000 cases in 1989. Family physicians can help reverse this trend by following the revised immunization schedule, which includes a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR)
Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Nov;132(5):837-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91051488
Koblin BA; McCusker J; Lewis BF; Sullivan JL; School of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
Differences in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroprevalence and patterns of drug-use and sexual behaviors were examined among Hispanic, black, and white intravenous drug users recruited at multiple sites in Worcester, Massachusetts. A total of 1,092 (786 males, 306 females) intravenous drug users were in
Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Nov;132(5):847-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91051489
Vlahov D; Munoz A; Anthony JC; Cohn S; Celentano DD; Nelson KE; Department of Epidemiology, School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
During 1988 and 1989, intravenous drug users recruited through extensive community outreach efforts in Baltimore, Maryland, were interviewed about drug injection and sex practices in the prior 11 years, with screening for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Neither interviewers nor subjects were a
Am J Med. 1990 Nov;89(5):676-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91051601
Yancey WB Jr; Dolson LH; Oblon D; Smith LJ; Braylan R; Longley S; Williams RC Jr; Division of Rheumatology, University of Florida, College of; Medicine, Gainesville.
Am J Med Sci. 1990 Nov;300(5):330-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91051637
Weissler JC; Mootz AR; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas.
Pulmonary disease remains a major complication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Over the past decade several changes in the pattern of disease have occurred. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) remains the most common opportunistic pathogen in AIDS patients, though its incidence on bronchoscopy has declined
Minkoff HL; Henderson C; Mendez H; Gail MH; Holman S; Willoughby A; Goedett JJ; Rubinstein A; Stratton P; Walsh JH; et al; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of New; York Health Science Center, Brooklyn 11203-2098.
Between June 26, 1985, and Feb. 24, 1989, 101 seropositive pregnant women and 129 seronegative pregnant women from the same prenatal clinics in Brooklyn and the Bronx were recruited into a prospective study of human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnant women and their offspring. This report details the course
Am J Ophthalmol. 1990 Nov 15;110(5):500-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91051776
Dugel PU; Gill PS; Frangieh GT; Rao NA; Department of Ophthalmology, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles,; CA 90033.
We examined histopathologically 18 ocular adnexal Kaposi s sarcoma lesions related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. These lesions were classified into three types. Type I consisted of thin, dilated vascular channels lined by flat endothelial cells with lumen-containing erythrocytes. Type II featured plump, fusif
Am J Public Health. 1990 Nov;80(11):1305-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052014
Heymann SJ; International Health Programs, Harvard School of Public Health,; MA.
This study models the survival outcomes of children born to HIV-infected (human immunodeficiency virus) women who are breast-fed, bottle-fed, and wet-nursed. It is estimated that, given the relative risk of alternatives to maternal milk in developing countries, the probability of HIV transmission via breast milk would
Am J Public Health. 1990 Nov;80(11):1378-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052031
Velentgas P; Bynum C; Zierler S; Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, RI; 02912.
Buddy volunteers provide crucial assistance to people with HIV-related illnesses. Based on volunteers self-administered questionnaires, our study describes the nature of buddy work. Volunteers indicated their satisfaction with both personal performance and buddy program administration. Several factors were associated
Am J Public Health. 1990 Nov;80(11):1380-1. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052032
Chu SY; Buehler JW; Fleming PL; Berkelman RL; Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
National surveillance data for reported cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were used to assess demographic characteristics and behavioral risk factors in lesbians. From June 1, 1980 through September 30, 1989, 79 women with AIDS reported sex relations only with a female partner; most of these women (95
Am J Public Health. 1990 Dec;80(12):1475-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052055
Solomon RE; VanRaden M; Kaslow RA; Lyter D; Visscher B; Farzadegan H; Phair J; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We examined the associations between seropositivity for hepatitis B virus (HBV) with the presence or development of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and with HIV-1 induced T-helper lymphocyte deficiency or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Serologic data on HBV and HIV-1, cytometric enumerat
Am J Public Health. 1990 Dec;80(12):1509-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052066
Lifson AR; O'Malley PM; Hessol NA; Buchbinder SP; Cannon L; Rutherford GW; AIDS Office, Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA; 94102.
Seroconversion for HIV antibody occurred in two homosexual men who reported no anal intercourse for greater than or equal to 5 years and multiple episodes of receptive oral intercourse with ejaculation. Neither man reported intravenous drug use or receipt of blood products. The last antibody-negative specimen was also
Am J Public Health. 1990 Dec;80(12):1511-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052067
Lewis CE; Montgomery K; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1685.
Telephone interviews of random samples of Los Angeles primary care physicians in 1984, 1986, and 1989 obtained information about their AIDS-related practice experiences, and sexual history taking. Data from mid-1989 reveal almost 74 percent have worked up at least one patient for AIDS or HIV infection in the past six
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1990 Oct;43(4):410-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052098
Reeves WC; Cutler JR; Gracia F; Kaplan JE; Castillo L; Hartley TM; Brenes MM; Larreategui M; Loo de Lao S; Archbold C; et al; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, Georgia.
Preliminary studies found that 9% of Guaymi Indians from Bocas del Toro province have antibody to human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I/II). The present study enrolled 317 (21% of the population) Guaymi Indians from Changuinola, the capital of Bocas del Toro province and 333 (70% of the population) from Canquintu, a
Ann Emerg Med. 1990 Nov;19(11):1322-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052580
Talan DA; Baraff LJ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Olive View Medical Center,; Sylmar, California 91342.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine if an educational program would improve both knowledge and practice of universal precautions by nursing personnel. DESIGN: Participants were given a 14-question test and observed for their, practice of universal precautions during routine IV catheter placement or phlebotomy and trauma ca
Debs R; Brunette E; Fuchs H; Lin E; Shah M; Hargis A; Montgomery AB; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco.
Aerosolized pentamidine isoethionate is retained in the lung and appears to prevent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in many AIDS patients. We evaluated alternative formulations of pentamidine that might reduce the airway irritation associated with aerosolized pentamidine isoethionate. Specifically, we assessed th
Ann Intern Med. 1990 Nov 15;113(10):733-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052761
Donegan E; Stuart M; Niland JC; Sacks HS; Azen SP; Dietrich SL; Faucett C; Fletcher MA; Kleinman SH; Operskalski EA; et al; University of California, San Francisco.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) transmission by antibody (anti-HIV-1)-positive blood components, and to determine the immunologic and clinical course in HIV-1-infected recipients. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: We retrospectively tested approximately 200,000 donor blood component
Ann Intern Med. 1990 Nov 15;113(10):740-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052762
Henderson DK; Fahey BJ; Willy M; Schmitt JM; Carey K; Koziol DE; Lane HC; Fedio J; Saah AJ; Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
OBJECTIVES: To summarize the results of a 6-year, ongoing, prospective study of the risk for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission among health care workers, and to estimate the magnitude of the risk for HIV-1 infection associated with different types of occupational exposures. DESIGN: Prospective c
Ann Intern Med. 1990 Dec 1;113(11):872-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052793
Musher DM; Hamill RJ; Baughn RE; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas.
PURPOSE: To evaluate evidence that concurrent infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) alters both the natural history of syphilis (by increasing the frequency of early neurosyphilis) and the response to penicillin. DATA IDENTIFICATION: Review of major works on syphilis in the English language and files maint
Spandidos DA; Zoumpourlis V; Kotsinas A; Tsiriyotis C; Sekeris CE; Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National; Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.
We have employed a recombinant plasmid, pBHIV1, carrying the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) linked to the reporter chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) gene and to the aminoglycoside phosphotransferase (aph) gene as a selectable marker. We have introduced pBHIV1 in rat 208
Ann Neurol. 1990 Sep;28(3):303-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91053061
Park YD; Belman AL; Kim TS; Kure K; Llena JF; Lantos G; Bernstein L; Dickson DW; Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY 10461.
In a 4 1/2-year period, 4 of 68 children in a longitudinal study of neurological complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection had clinical and/or neuroradiological evidence of stroke, yielding a clinical incidence of stroke in this population of 1.3% per year. During this period, 32 subjects died, and
Boutelje J; Karlstrom AR; Hartmanis MG; Holmgren E; Sjogren A; Levine RL; Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood; Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
Processing of the gag and pol gene precursor proteins of retroviruses is essential for the production of mature infectious virions. The processing is directed by a viral protease that itself is part of these precursors and is presumed to cleave itself autocatalytically. To facilitate study of this process, the proteas
Horn TD; Herzberg GZ; Hood AF; Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
We investigated the dermal inflammatory cell infiltrates of psoriatic lesions from nine human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and nine age-, sex-, and site-matched control specimens. The study was retrospective and observer blinded. T lymphocytes were quantitated using UCHL-1, a pan-T-cell monoclonal antibody
Nokes KM; Kendrew J; Hunter Bellevue School of Nursing, Hunter College, New York, New; York, NY 10010.
The purposes of this study were to examine loneliness in men with AIDS over a 6-month period and relate the extent of loneliness to the development of infections. Psychoneuroimmunology theory suggests that emotional distress alters immune response. It was believed that loneliness would increase vulnerability to infect
Ann Rheum Dis. 1990 Sep;49(9):718-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91053340
Ijichi S; Matsuda T; Maruyama I; Izumihara T; Kojima K; Niimura T; Maruyama Y; Sonoda S; Yoshida A; Osame M; Center of Rheumatic Diseases, Kagoshima Red Cross Hospital,; Japan.
The case is described of a 57 year old woman with polyarthritis fulfilling the 1987 revised criteria of the American Rheumatism Association for rheumatoid arthritis, accompanied by clinical carrier state infection of HTLV-I. Anti-HTLV-I IgM antibodies were detected by western blot analysis in her synovial fluid and se
Simon DI; Brosius FC 3d; Rothstein DM; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Mass.
Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis is an important opportunistic infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, estimated to occur in 20,000 to 40,000 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the United States by 1991. The combination of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine is r
Grinde B; Hungnes O; Tjotta E; Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health,; Oslo, Norway.
The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) codes for a proteinase that cuts viral proteins at specific sites. We have tested 13 modified oligopeptides related to these cleavage sites to see if they inhibit viral replication. To indicate whether a decrease in replication could be due to a general inhibition of cell met
Shirabe S; Nakamura T; Tsujihata M; Nagataki S; Seiki M; Yoshida M; Department of Viral Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
A retrovirus was isolated from a T-cell line that was established from lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with human T-cell leukemia virus type I-associated myelopathy (HAM), and its genome was sequenced. The nucleotide sequence of the 3 half of the total genome was identical in 99.5% of the nucleoti
All fatalities investigated at the Institutes of Forensic Medicine in Hamburg and Munich are screened for HIV-1-antibodies. The serological findings of 1,000 consecutive cases in the year 1989 were compared concerning HIV-1-prevalence, riskgroup, age and sex distribution. The prevalence rate of HIV-1-antibodies was 5%
Serological screening investigations for hepatitis B were carried out on 1000 sudden and unexpected fatalities from natural causes and non-natural deaths at the Institute for Forensic Medicine in Hamburg. The results were compared with the serological tests of the drug deaths from 1983-1989 and the HIV-infected bodies
Wolf RF; Sprenger HG; Mooyaart EL; Tamsma JT; Kengen RA; Weits J; Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Groningen, The; Netherlands.
We report a case of nontropical pyomyositis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection, in which severe myalgia was the presenting symptom over several weeks. Multifocal muscle lesions were identified by gallium scanning and magnetic resonance imaging techniques
Gendelman HE; Friedman RM; Joe S; Baca LM; Turpin JA; Dveksler G; Meltzer MS; Dieffenbach C; Department of Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Rockville, Maryland 20850.
Interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) induces significant antiretroviral activities that affect the ability of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to infect and replicate in its principal target cells, CD4+ T cells and macrophages. A major endogenous source of IFN-alpha during any infection is the macrophage. Thus, macrophages
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):1045-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026270
Gendelman HE; Baca L; Turpin JA; Kalter DC; Hansen BD; Orenstein JM; Friedman RM; Meltzer MS; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military; Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852.
Human recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) restricted viral replication in human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV) infected T cells and monocytes. With T cells, reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in culture fluids was reduced threefold from that of control infected cells by IFN treatment, but HIV p24 antigen levels w
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):987-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026278
Schmitt MP; Gendrault JL; Schweitzer C; Steffan AM; Beyer C; Royer C; Jaeck D; Pasquali JL; Kirn A; Aubertin AM; Laboratoire de Virologie de la Faculte de Medecine et Unite; INSERM U 74, Strasbourg, France.
Kupffer cells (liver macrophages) represent the largest reservoir of fixed macrophages in the body. Accordingly, we have undertaken a study to evaluate their susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Five-day-old primary cultures of Kupffer cells (KC) were infected with HIV-1, and as the infection
Xercavins Valls M; Gallego Carrion B; Martin Casabona N; Gonzalez Fuente T; Vidal Pla R; Servicio de Microbiologia y Parasitologia, Ciutat Sanitaria; Vall d'Hebron, Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Autonoma de; Barcelona.
The isolation of mycobacteria in abdominal specimens during a 10 years period is presented. Twenty-three clinical cases have been reviewed; patients were divided in three groups: 1) Peritoneal and intestinal tuberculosis. 2) Pulmonary tuberculosis with isolation of M. tuberculosis in feces, and 3) Miliary tuberculosis
Madhok R; Gracie JA; Smith J; Lowe GD; Forbes CD; University Department of Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary,; Scotland.
Capacity to produce interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) was measured in haemophiliacs from a well-defined treated cohort. Patients were selected on the basis of HIV-1 antibody status, mean annual dose of clotting factor and liver disease severity. T-cell subsets and peripheral blood
Cancer Detect Prev. 1990;14(4):445-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029267
Chapel A; Bourges JF; Bensussan A; d'Auriol L; Vilmer E; Dormont D; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Experimentale et de; Neurovirologie, CRSSA CEA DPS/SPE, Paris, France.
Although knowledge has accumulated about GP110-CD4 interaction, viral penetration into human CD4+ lymphocytes remains unclear, in spite of the fact that all studies on HIV infection were performed on cell-transformed lineages, or on human polyclonal CD4+ cells. In order to investigate this viral entrance into suscepti
Momita S; Ikeda S; Amagasaki T; Soda H; Yamada Y; Kamihira S; Tomonaga M; Kinoshita K; Ichimaru M; Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine.
To evaluate the intrafamilial clustering of HTLV-I, we examined the sera or plasma of 296 healthy family members of patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) for anti-HTLV-I antibodies. Of 296 subjects, 132 (44.6%) had anti-HTLV-I antibodies. Fifty-nine (41.0%) out of 144 males and 73 (48.0%) out of 152 females were s
Saito S; Furuki K; Ando Y; Tanigawa T; Kakimoto K; Moriyama I; Ichijo M; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University.
We developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method which has high sensitivity and simple technique in order to investigate the presence or absence of human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) provirus in cord blood mononuclear cells of neonates born to HTLV-I carrier mothers. Out of 40, three subjects were found t
Kodaka T; Uchiyama T; Ishikawa T; Kamio M; Onishi R; Itoh K; Hori T; Uchino H; Tsudo M; Araki K; First Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto; University.
To determine whether the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) beta-chain (p70-75) is expressed on leukemic cells from patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) as well as alpha-chain (p55, Tac), we performed radiolabeled interleukin-2 (IL-2) binding assay, chemical crosslinking of radiolabeled IL-2 and flow cytometric analy
Peptide mapping was used for the quality control of different batches of the recombinant HIV proteins p24 core and p24-gp41, expressed in Escherichia coli. These proteins comprise gag and env region polypeptides of the virus and may serve as suitable components in the diagnosis of HIV infections. The proteins were dig
A new, rapid method for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) was developed. In this assay format, microtitration strips were coated with a recombinant fusion protein, and the same protein was labeled with europium and added into the wells sim
Benveniste EN; Sparacio SM; Norris JG; Grenett HE; Fuller GM; Department of Neurology, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
Cells that produce interleukin-6 (IL-6) require the presence of signaling molecules since this cytokine is not normally constitutively expressed. It is now established that astrocytes produce IL-6; however, the precise inducing molecules and the kinetics of their action have not yet been clearly identified. In the cur
Amato DA; Lagakos SW; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University School of Public; Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
An important aspect of the design of an efficacy clinical trial for persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus is the selection of end points. Ideally, the choice of the primary end points for the trial should ensure that execution of the trial is feasible, that the data are directly interpretable with res
Minagi S; Kohada A; Akagawa Y; Tsuru H; Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Hiroshima University,; School of Dentistry, Japan.
The effect of glutaraldehyde solution, an effective disinfectant for viruses, on the dimensional stability of hydrophilic silicone rubber impression materials was evaluated in this study. Disinfection with 2% glutaraldehyde solution showed a slight expanding effect on the dimensional stability of the hydrophilic silic
Bor R; Miller R; Royal Free Hospital & School of Medicine, London.
AIDS counselling is vitally important in the prevention of HIV transmission. It is also widely used in the context of patient management. Culturally sensitive counselling approaches need to be developed for the African setting. Establishing counselling services requires problem-solving, managerial interventions and in
J Med Microbiol. 1990 Oct;33(2):127-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039248
Lewin CS; Allen RA; Amyes SG; Department of Bacteriology, University of Edinburgh Medical; School.
Since patients with AIDS may receive fluoroquinolones concurrently with zidovudine, the antibacterial interaction of these drugs was investigated. No evidence was found of antagonism between zidovudine and ciprofloxacin, DR-3355, enoxacin, lomefloxacin or ofloxacin against enterobacteria, staphylococci or Pseudomonas
Kotler DP; Tierney AR; Culpepper-Morgan JA; Wang J; Pierson RN Jr; Gastrointestinal Division, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center,; College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New; York, New York 10025.
Malnutrition occurs commonly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The efficacy of nutritional support is unknown. A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted to determine the effect of prolonged total parenteral nutrition on body composition in 12 AIDS patients. Five patients were malnourish
Life Sci. 1990;47(12):993-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041534
Mohan P; Singh R; Wepsiec J; Gonzalez I; Sun DK; Sarin PS; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of; Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago.
Several naphthalenemonosulfonic acid analogs and a bis naphthalenedisulfonic acid have been evaluated for anti-HIV activity in assays using H9 and MOLT-3 cells. Among the naphthalenemonosulfonic acids, a 4-amino-5-hydroxy compound and a 4,5-diamino compound showed low anti-HIV activity (upto 50% inhibition) at non-tox
Medicine (Baltimore). 1990 Nov;69(6):375-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041691
Barber TW; Craven DE; McCabe WR; Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine,; Maxwell Finland Laboratory, MA 02118.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteremia is being reported more frequently in patients with human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We report 9 patients with bacteremia due to M. tuberculosis and HIV infection who were identified over a 36-month period. Of the 9 patients studied, 8 were male, 8 were black
Bartlett KA; Infectious Disease Clinic, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical; Center, San Francisco, CA.
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related disease have a host of related medical and other problems that respond to a collaborative model of health care. At the Infectious Disease Clinic at the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, physicians and nurses provide collaborative outp
Gadiolet Y; Bayle JY; Perol M; Guerin JC; Service de Pneumologie, Hopital de la Craix Rousse, Lyon.
Four cases of bronchial tuberculosis are reported. The first case was revealed by signs of bronchitis; in the second patient M. tuberculosis was found at light microscopy but x-ray films of the chest were normal; the third patient presented with signs of bronchitis and upper lobe infiltration on fibrous sequelae; the
d'Agay MF; de Roquancourt A; Peuchmaur M; Janier M; Brocheriou C; Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris,; France.
Two cases of cystic benign lymphoepithelial lesions (CBLL) of the submandibular and parotid glands occurring in HIV-positive patients are reported. The clinical and pathological criteria are defined and the differences from Sjogren s syndrome discussed. The presence, in the epithelial component, of T-cells labelled by
Rubaltelli L; Proto E; Salmaso R; Bortoletto P; Candiani F; Cagol P; Istituto di Radiologia, Universita di Padova, Italy.
The sonographic evaluation of lymph nodes is based primarily on evaluation of their shape and size. Recently, however, the availability of high-frequency transducers has made consideration of internal structure possible. An important objective is to determine whether node enlargement is due to inflammatory or neoplast
A case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with a sudden death due to a toxoplasmic myocarditis is reported. The diagnosis was postmortem. At the autopsy, only the heart was affected by toxoplasmic lesions. The toxoplasmosis is a frequent disease in AIDS patients. So a toxoplasmic myocarditis must be suspected when
Am J Public Health. 1990 Dec;80(12):1507-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052065
Williams ML
HIV seroprevalence was 8.4 percent in a sample of 921 heterosexual male intravenous drug users in Houston, Texas who were not in drug treatment at the time of the study. Males who were Black, injected drugs daily, or had a history of syphilis had greater odds of being HIV positive than participants without those chara
Perronne C; Bricaire F; Leport C; Assan D; Vilde JL; Assan R; Infectious and Tropical Disease Department, Claude Bernard; Hospital, Paris, France.
Of 18 AIDS patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treated with pentamidine mesylate parenterally, four developed serious to severe hypoglycaemia, three hypoglycaemia followed by insulin-requiring diabetes, and two others diabetes alone. Hypoglycaemia (blood glucose 2.1 +/- 0.2 (+/- SE) mmol l-1) occurred 9 (2-22
Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California School of; Medicine, San Francisco.
With HIV infection, a struggle between virus and host begins. Even though the eventual outcome seems predetermined, in most patients HIV may remain relatively nonpathogenic as long as the immune system can suppress it. A key question is whether host antiviral activity eventually breaks down or whether the virus mutate
Medicine (Baltimore). 1990 Nov;69(6):384-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041692
Fish DG; Ampel NM; Galgiani JN; Dols CL; Kelly PC; Johnson CH; Pappagianis D; Edwards JE; Wasserman RB; Clark RJ; et al; Medical Service, Tucson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, AZ.
Through a retrospective review, we identified 77 previously unreported cases of coccidioidomycosis during HIV infection. Patients were classified into 1 of 6 categories based on their primary clinical presentation: 20 had focal pulmonary disease (Group 1), 31 had dif
Nature. 1990 Nov 15;348(6298):245-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91043091
Jacobson S; Shida H; McFarlin DE; Fauci AS; Koenig S; Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological; Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
The human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), the first human retrovirus to be characterized, is associated with adult T-cell leukaemia and a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system termed tropical spastic paraparesis, or HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. Only 1% of individuals infected with HTLV-I dev
N Y State Dent J. 1990 Oct;56(8):24-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91043974
Waldron JM; Department of Dentistry, University Hospital, Stony Brook.
The management of a patient with a significant and complicated medical history was presented. As medical technology advances in the coming years, more patients will survive various disease modalities which in the past would have proved fatal. The dentist will therefore be faced with the management of patients whose me
Statistical analysis of AIDS case data shows that the flattening out of growth rates of AIDS in the FRG are solely due to the development of case rates in some groups of homosexual men in HIV epicentres and the absence of new infections in haemophiliacs and in patients receiving blood transfusions. Development in the
In HIV tests, the sensitivity is important, but even more so is the specificity, i.e., the reliability of positive tests results. A third parameter, the positive predictive value, is connected with these test characteristics; but even more it depends to a high degree on the prevalence of the infection. To solve these
Fischer D; Gesundheitsamt der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart.
In 1986 the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany , started--with considerable financial and personal involvement--eight programs for AIDS-Prevention. An interimsreport of the associated research program gives first hints of success and compulsory modifications.
Topical treatment of cutaneous larva migrans with thiabendazole and cambendazole is briefly described. AIDS has focused attention on the coccidial parasites Cryptosporidium spp. and Isospora belli because they can be responsible for severe chronic enteritis in immunodeficient patients. The species formerly known as Is
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(20):7861-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045897
Hazan U; Thomas D; Alcami J; Bachelerie F; Israel N; Yssel H; Virelizier JL; Arenzana-Seisdedos F; Unite d'Immunologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
The expression of transiently transfected expression vectors under the control of the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or its enhancer sequence and the translocation of the HIV enhancer-binding protein NF-kappa B were analyzed in two human T-cell clones stimulated through their T-ce
A sensitive flow-cytometric method was established to quantify the number of complement receptor 1 (CR1, C3b/C4b receptor, CD35) on the surface of purified erythrocytes of 12 patients infected by HIV-1 and showing two clinical AIDS-related complex/Walter-Reed 5 criteria. Erythrocytes were incubated with biotinylated m
Smoller BR; McNutt NS; Gray MH; Krueger J; Hsu A; Gottlieb AB; Department of Pathology, Hospital-Cornell University Medical; Center, New York, NY.
Interferon-gamma-induced protein 10 is a 10-kd protein produced by human keratinocytes following an exposure to interferon gamma. Keratinocytes within psoriatic plaques and within delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions have been shown to stain strongly with an affinity-purified rabbit antibody prepared against interf
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):1023-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026266
Kornbluth RS; Munis JR; Oh PS; Meylan PR; Richman DD; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
Macrophages, unlike CD4+ T cells, can be productively infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) without prior cellular activation. Cytopathic infection ensues without the induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin 6 (IL-6), or tissue factor genes. In detailed
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):979-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026277
Plata F; Garcia-Pons F; Ryter A; Lebargy F; Goodenow MM; Dat MH; Autran B; Mayaud C; Laboratoire de Biologie et d'Immunologie Molecularies des; Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
We have studied the infected cell populations in the lungs of four human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive patients suffering from lymphocytic alveolitis or lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis. Adherent cells were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and were analyzed by various technical approac
Br Dent J. 1990 Oct 6;169(7):208-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026402
Macleod RI; Long LQ; Soames JV; Ward MK; Department of Oral Pathology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne,; Dental School.
A case of oral hairy leukoplakia presenting in an HIV-negative renal transplant recipient is described. The diagnosis was confirmed by identifying Epstein-Barr viral particles in the upper prickle cell layers of the epithelium by electron microscopy and by in situ DNA hybridisation.
Br Vet J. 1990 Sep-Oct;146(5):468-75. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91028680
Lin DS; Lai SS; Bowman DD; Jacobson RH; Barr MC; Giovengo SL; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, New York State College of; Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853.
A population consisting of 70 breeder cats, 43 clinical cases, and 16 feral cats was examined for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV). No oocysts of T. gondii were observed in 96 faecal samples; faecal samples were not available from the feral cats.
Aragues M; Sanchez Perez J; Fraga J; Burgos E; Noguerado A; Garcia Diez A; Section of Dermatology, Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
Thirty-three cases of hairy leucoplakia (HL) in HIV-positive patients were studied. The most frequent clinical presentation was the development of corrugated plaques on the lateral sides of the tongue without spiculations on the surface. In all biopsies, herpetic-type viral inclusions were found. In 12 out of 14 cases
Morgello S; Petito CK; Mouradian JA; Department of Pathology, New York Hospital-Cornell University; Medical Center, NY 10021.
Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas were studied in fifteen autopsied patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Using the working formulation for non-Hodgkin s lymphomas, the tumors were classified as large cell (7 patients), mixed large and small cell (6 patients), small cleaved cell (1
Derix MM; de Gans J; Stam J; Portegies P; Department of Neurology, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam.
Mental changes are common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Neuropsychological data of 32 patients with AIDS and cognitive symptoms were reviewed. All patients were neurologically examined and ancillary investigations were performed. According to the neuropsychological data three groups could
Pantazis P; Goustin AS; Nixon J; Stehlin Foundation for Cancer Research, Houston, Texas 77003.
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a family of dimeric protein molecules synthesized by differentiated, non-dividing and proliferating blood cells. Experimental findings indicate that PDGF is involved in development and/or maintenance of physiological functions of certain normal blood cells. Also, PDGF synthesis
Ambinder RF; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Epstein-Barr virus and HTLV-1 are both lymphotropic viruses, capable of immortalizing lymphocytes in vitro (Fig. 1). Both viruses have been sequenced and subjected to intense molecular biologic scrutiny, and in both cases genes believed to be important in lymphocyte immortalization have been identified. These viral ge
Telenti A; Marshall WF; Smith TF; Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester,; Minnesota 55905.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to study DNA extracted from the blood of 25 transplant patients, 5 patients with infectious mononucleosis, and 13 healthy subjects and autopsy or biopsy tissue from 29 patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. Primers were directed to conserved regions of the Epstein-Bar
Levy JA; Landay A; Lennette ET; Cancer Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco 94143.
The SF strain of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6SF) isolated from the saliva of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individual was shown to inhibit HIV type 1 (HIV-1) replication in both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and purified CD4+ lymphocytes. This suppression of HIV-1 replication led to decreased cytopa
Prose NS; von Knebel-Doeberitz C; Miller S; Milburn PB; Heilman E; Department of Dermatology, State University of New York-Health; Science Center, Brooklyn.
Numerous flat and tinea versicolor-like warts developed on the face, trunk, and upper extremities of a 10-year-old boy with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Nucleic acid analysis of involved skin revealed human papillomavirus type 5, which has sometimes been associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis. This
A 45-year-old woman, a native of the French West Indies who had lived in France since 1973, developed multiple cutaneous plaques and nodules in 1987. Histopathologic studies revealed dermal infiltration with mature activated T cells (CD4+, CD25+, DR+) with nuclear convolutions and
Miramontes H; CNA Services, Inc., San Francisco, California.
In 1987, following the first documented reports of occupationally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in healthcare employees, the American Nurses Association and some labor unions petitioned the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to issue an emergency infection control standard. OSHA respond
Pizzo PA; Butler K; Balis F; Brouwers E; Hawkins M; Eddy J; Einloth M; Falloon J; Husson R; Jarosinski P; et al; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a short course of 2 ,3 -dideoxycytidine ( ddC ) could provide safe antiretroviral activity in children with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection and whether it could be used with azidothymidine (
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):189-202. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039257
Tsai CC; Tsai CC; Roodman ST; Woon MD; Department of Pathology, St. Louis University School of Medicine,; MO.
We have observed several mesenchymal proliferative disorders (MPD) in macaques with SAIDS associated with SRV-2 infection. Retroperitoneal and subcutaneous fibromatosis, progressive fibrovascular proliferation, mimicking Kaposi s sarcoma, were seen in 165 macaques. Three obliterative fibrointimal proliferative arterio
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):203-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039258
Tsai CC; Follis KE; Snyder K; Windsor S; Thouless ME; Kuller L; Morton WR; Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington,; Seattle.
Pregnant macaques were used as a natural model for maternal-infant transmission of SRV-2 retrovirus. Fifty-one pregnant females were placed into one of four virus/antibody groups. Nonviremic mothers produced 100% virus-negative offspring at birth. In contrast, viremic mothers produced offspring which were 17% virus-ne
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):305-16. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039267
Dezzutti CS; Frazier DE; Lafrado LJ; Olsen RG; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Ohio State University,; Columbus.
Pig-tailed macaques were vaccinated with a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) subunit vaccine. Vaccinates and controls were challenged with simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I)-infected cells. Vaccination yielded antibody responses to HTLV-I and STLV-I gag and env precursors. Controls develope
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):327-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039269
Barry PA; Pratt-Lowe E; Unger RE; Marthas M; Alcendor DJ; Luciw PA; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis.
In HuT 78 cells chronically infected with SIV, super-infection with rhesus cytomegalovirus (rhCMV) stimulated an increase in SIV replication. Utilizing transient expression assays with the SIV long terminal repeat (LTR) driving expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (C
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):339-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039270
Lackner AA; Moore PF; Marx PA; Munn RJ; Gardner MB; Lowenstine LJ; California Primate Research Center, University of California,; Davis.
Type D retrovirus infection of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) shares many features with AIDS in man including gastrointestinal signs such as chronic diarrhea and wasting. In some humans and macaques afflicted with these signs and symptoms no etiology can be established. In this study immunohistochemistry was employe
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):401-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039275
Miller CJ; Alexander NJ; Sutjipto S; Joye SM; Hendrickx AG; Jennings M; Marx PA; California Primate Research Center, University of California,; Davis.
One inoculation of cell-free SIVmac (50 TCID50) caused persistent viremia in nine of 13 female rhesus macaques inoculated intravaginally. Persistent viremia was produced in two of four male rhesus macaques by twice placing cell-free SIVMAC (50 TCID50) onto the skin and urethral os of the penis. Placing a spermicide co
Hebert JR; Nichols SE Jr; Kabat GC; Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of; Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655.
As the AIDS epidemic in the United States moves steadily into the IV drug-abusing population, knowledge of factors related to immune suppression and disease progression gain in public health importance. Indicators of nutritional status, consisting of anthropometric and hematologic data
Med Law. 1990;9(3):918-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041574
Keys GG; Department of Oral Pathology School of Dentistry, West Virginia; University.
Many medical and legal problems have been raised by the acquired immunodeficiency disease. While there is a large volume of literature which addresses these problems, scant attention has been paid to problems which arise when health care faculty and students are affected by this disease. Some health care administrator
306 children who received polytransfusion or exchange transfusion between 1979 and 1983 and 104 age-matched controls were re-examined at a median age of 2.9 years for hepatitis A and B, CMV , EBV, and HIV infections. This retrospective study revealed no differenc
NIDA Res Monogr. 1990;96:220-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91042964
Bhargava HN; Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University; of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
The studies have clearly demonstrated that binding sites for opioid peptides, beta-endorphin, and methionine-enkephalin exist on T lymphocytes. beta-Endorphin appears to be immunodepressant, whereas methionine-enkephalin is immunostimulant. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that methionine-enkephalin can in
Nature. 1990 Nov 1;348(6296):69-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91043044
O'Brien WA; Koyanagi Y; Namazie A; Zhao JQ; Diagne A; Idler K; Zack JA; Chen IS; Department of Medicine, West Los Angeles Veteran's Administration; Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, 90073.
Cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system are the predominant cell producing HIV-1 in most tissues including the central nervous system (CNS), spinal cord, lung and skin; infection is associated with dementia , neuropathy, pneumonitis, and dermatitis respectively. Different HIV-1 is
Belec L; Tayot J; Tron P; Mikol J; Scaravilli F; Gray F; Departement de Pathologie (Neuropathologie), Hopital Henri; Mondor, Creteil, France.
A female infant born pre-term to a HIV seropositive mother presented at birth with seropositivity for HIV and CMV viruria. At five months of age she developed an AIDS-related complex. Six months later she died from rapidly progressive diffuse encephalopathy. Pos
Kratochvil FJ; Riordan GP; Auclair PL; Huber MA; Kragel PJ; National Naval Dental Center, Bethesda, Md.
Lingual exfoliative cytologic specimens (scrapings) were obtained from 18 patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus with clinical oral hairy leukoplakia. Buccal mucosal scrapings were obtained from 12 of these patients. The specimens were processed for examination by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Si
Casin I; Bianchi A; Ramel F; Lajoie C; Chastang C; Scieux C; Ferchal F; Janier M; Morel P; Perol Y; Service de Bacteriologie-Virologie, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris,; France.
Between November 1986 and June 1987, the microbial aetiology of genital ulcers was assessed in 75 male patients attending the Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) clinic in Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris. Evidence of Haemophilus ducreyi was found in 18 patients (24%), Herpes simplex virus in 19 (25.3%). Syphilis was diagnos
Bean B; Department of Pathology, Michael Reese Hospital and Medical; Center, Chicago, IL 60616.
Cytomegalovirus infection is spread in various ways--from mother to fetus or baby, from small children in day-care centers to caregivers and parents, by blood transfusions, by sexual contact. Although the illness is usually inconsequential, congenital infection can have severe consequences, including mental retardatio
Mod Pathol. 1990 Sep;3(5):575-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045866
Fineberg SA; Schinella R; Department of Pathology, New York University, Bellevue Hospital; Medical Center.
We examined surgical specimens from 19 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive females and 83 females with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to determine (a) frequency of opportunistic infections (OI) and malignancies, (b) differences or similarities between different risk groups, and (c) differences o
Mod Pathol. 1990 Sep;3(5):609-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045872
List AF; Greer JP; Cousar JP; Johnson DH; Greco FA; Volsky DJ; Purtilo DT; Division of Hematology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,; Nashville, Tennessee.
Epstein-Barr virus has been implicated in the pathogenesis of primary brain lymphoma in patients with congenital or acquired immunodeficiency states. To examine its role in central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma in the immunocompetent host, Epstein-Barr virologic studies were performed in six consecutive cases seen at
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8282-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045981
Wakasugi N; Tagaya Y; Wakasugi H; Mitsui A; Maeda M; Yodoi J; Tursz T; Laboratoire d'Immuno-Biologie Cellulaire, UA1156 Centre National; de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif,; France.
Interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been obtained from the Epstein-Barr virus-infected B-lymphoblastoid cell line 3B6 and shown to be involved in autocrine growth of 3B6 B cells. Independently, adult T-cell leukemia-derived factor (ADF) was purified from human T-lymphotropic virus I-infected leukemic T-cell line (ATL-2) and repo
Ten of our AIDS patients developed a unilateral or bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax. Four patients previously had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and one had pulmonary tuberculosis. In six patients the pneumothorax occurred during the acute period of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Five patients were admitted to hosp
Freeman WR; Stern WH; Gross JG; Taylor PB; Nadel AJ; Wiley CA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego,; La Jolla 92093.
The authors report four cases in which retinal biopsy findings yielded unexpected or previously unreported diagnoses in patients with inflammatory retinitis. The tissue diagnoses included Wegener s retinal vasculitis in an immunosuppressed patient with a clinical diagnosis of cytomegal
Bucher B; Poupard JA; Vernant JC; DeFreitas EC; Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Regional Martinique,; French West Indies.
Debilitating disorders of the nervous system have a relatively high prevalence in the tropics, a geographic region that is often deficient in specialists in the fields of neurology and epidemiology. During World War II, attention was called to a possible nutritional origin for most of these diseases. Recently, however
Merigan TC; Resta S; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine,; California 94305.
Nearly 30 years have elapsed since Rowe and Weller and their colleagues discovered human cytomegalovirus ( CMV ). Because of its complex structure, long replicative cycle, low yield in vitro, and highly species-specific cell-su
Ho M; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate; School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
The determinants of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection and disease can now be understood from studies of newborns, recipients of organ or bone marrow transplants, subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus, and recipien
Treatment of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infections has assumed increasing importance in the care of immunocompromised patients, particularly allograft recipients and patients with symptomatic infection with the human immunodeficie
Schooley RT; Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts.
Human cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) has several possible roles in the pathogenesis of AIDS. CMV causes a number of clinical syndromes, including retinitis, pneumonitis, and gastroenteritis in patients infected with human immunodefici
Frenkel LD; Gaur S; Tsolia M; Scudder R; Howell R; Kesarwala H; Department of Pediatrics, UMDNJ--Robert Wood Johnson Medical; School, New Brunswick 08903-0019.
Data for 38 children perinatally exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were evaluated to determine the impact of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection on the course of perinatally acquired HIV infection. Thirteen children b
Balfour HH Jr; Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Minnesota Health; Sciences Center, Minneapolis 55455.
Treatment of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) disease met with limited success until the development of ganciclovir. Favorable clinical responses to ganciclovir have been reported in approximately 80% of immunocompromised patients with
The present paper reports data referring to the mechanism of the CNS degenerating process of prion origin, the role of the biological timing in prion diseases, the interrelations between the prion diseases and Alzheimer s disease, new data on the normal cell protein PrPc and prion protein in the PrPsc scrapie, the phy
Rev Prat. 1990 Oct 11;40(23):2116-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91047728
Brun-Vezinet F; Simon F; Laboratoire de virologie, hopital Claude-Bernard-Bichat, Paris.
The retroviridae comprise a large number of viruses. In both nature and laboratories these viruses are associated with numerous diseases, including rapid or long latency malignancies, neurological disorders and immunodeficiency. The replication cycle is characterized by integration of the viral DNA into the host s gen
Taylor PE; Stevens CE; Pindyck J; Schrode J; Steaffens JW; Lee H; Wolf Szmuness Laboratory of Epidemiology, New York Blood Center,; New York.
Serum samples collected in 1985 and 1986 from 18,257 donors to the Greater New York Blood Program were screened by enzyme-linked immunoassay for antibody to human T-cell lymphotropic virus (anti-HTLV). Fifteen samples (0.08%) were confirmed positive: 7 by radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) alone, 6 by Western blot
Nigro G; Lionetti P; Digilio G; Multari G; Vania A; Midulla M; Pediatric Department, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
For 9 months, 38 transfusion-dependent patients with beta-thalassemia, ranging in age from 3.4 to 19.1 years, were observed for serologic evidence of viral infections, by the collection of serial serum samples. Seventy-six age-matched healthy subjects, two for each patient, were followed as controls. Samples taken at
The seven makes of condom which are marketed in Denmark were examined for the nonoxynol content with the object of assessing whether the content of nonoxynol in the condoms is sufficient to present HIV spread in connection with use
Delwart EL; Panganiban AT; McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of; Wisconsin-Madison 53706.
Different properties of the spleen necrosis virus (SNV) envelope glycoprotein were analyzed following biosynthesis in the presence of glycosylation inhibitors. Tunicamycin, which inhibits all asparagine N-linked glycosylation, prevented intracellular processing and translocation to the cell surface of the envelope pro
In a randomized, controlled double-blind study, 15 patients with AIDS-related complex/Walter-Reed 5 (ARC/WR5) were compared during 6 months intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment (0.4 g/kg body weight every 2 weeks) with 15 placebo-treated patients. This study was aimed at the lymphocyte response to T and B cell
Schmidbauer M; Budka H; Shah KV; Neurologisches Institut, Universitat Wien, Austria.
Twenty-five brains with definite, and three brains with possible, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), including six brains of AIDS patients, were studied with special regard to the detection of papovaviruses. Formalin-fixed serial paraffin sections were immunostained with monospecific anti-JC virus (JCV)
Am Fam Physician. 1990 Nov;42(5):1299-308. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91051154
Brooke GL; Safran GF; Perlmutter BL; Perez JA; Zatlin GS; St. Mary Hospital, Hoboken, New Jersey.
The first part of this two-part article included recommendations for the initial evaluation of patients suspected of having HIV infection, the Centers for Disease Control s classification scheme for HIV disease and current recommendations for the use of zidovudine. In this second part, secondary infections and maligna
Ellaurie M; Calvelli T; Rubinstein A; Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY 10461.
Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were analyzed in a cohort of 30 children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Elevated CIC were detected by the C1q assay in 70% (21/30) of all patients and by the Raji cell assay in 93% (28/30) of all patients. While only less than one third of patients with elevated CIC
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1990 Nov;43(5):527-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052110
Lange WR; Frame JD; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
Protestant missionaries (n = 360) serving in sub-Saharan Africa between 1967-1984 were studied to determine the risk of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Personnel were serologically screened for antibody to both the hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) and the surface antigen to the hepatitis B v
Ann Intern Med. 1990 Dec 15;113(12):926-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91052811
Frickhofen N; Abkowitz JL; Safford M; Berry JM; Antunez-de-Mayolo J; Astrow A; Cohen R; Halperin I; King L; Mintzer D; et al; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of B19 parvovirus in red cell aplasia of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). DESIGN: Uncontrolled clinical trial, with assay of serum, peripheral blood cells, and bone marrow for virus using DNA hybridization and immunocytochemistry techniques; these ass
Plott RT; Wagner RF Jr; Tyring SK; Department of Dermatology, University of Arkansas for Medical; Sciences, Little Rock 72205.
An investigation of the potential spread of iatrogenic infections through contaminated multidose vials was performed. Contamination of a multidose vial was hypothesized to occur after a single syringe is used to inject an infected patient with medication, and the same syringe subsequently is used to withdraw additiona
The interaction of 11 overlapping synthetic peptides corresponding to N-terminal segment of HIV transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 (fusion domain) with artificial lipid membranes has been studied. For this purpose the increase of a bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) conductivity and the changes in ESR spectra of spin-labelled
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):1031-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026268
Crowe SM; Mills J; Kirihara J; Boothman J; Marshall JA; McGrath MS; Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical Research, Fairfield; Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Human immunodeficiency virus-(HIV) infected monocyte-macrophages may contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV-associated immune deficiency and dysfunction by acting as a target and potential reservoir for the virus in vivo, and by functioning abnormally following infection. We have shown that HIV-infected macrophages fus
East Afr Med J. 1990 Jul;67(7 Suppl 2):SS71-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91031126
Obel AO; Koech DK; Department of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
Thirty two critically ill patients were admitted to Kenyatta National Hospital with a diagnosis of HIV-1 seropositivity on both ELISA and Western Blot between October 1989 and January 1990. Sixteen of the patients received low dose oral interferon alpha while the other 16 patients received intensive supportive managem
Gallo D; Diggs JL; Hanson CV; Department of Health Services, Division of Laboratories, State of; California, Berkeley 94704.
Twenty human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) antibody-positive sera from Japan , Hawaii, and the Marshall Islands and 15 HTLV type II (HTLV-II) antibody-positive sera from intravenous drug use
Ohlsson-Wilhelm BM; Cory JM; Kessler HA; Eyster ME; Rapp F; Landay A; Department of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center,; Pennsylvania State University, Hershey 17033.
Asymptomatic individuals seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) progress in a heterogeneous fashion toward AIDS. To facilitate monitoring of disease progression and response to therapy, a rapid, new flow cytometric assay (FCA) lymphocyte p24-FCA, has been devised to quantify peripheral blood lymphocytes e
Senaldi G; Peakman M; McManus T; Davies ET; Tee DE; Vergani D; Department of Immunology, King's College School of Medicine and; Dentistry, London, United Kingdom.
In vitro studies implicate classical and alternative complement pathway activation in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To ascertain their importance in vivo, activation fragments of the classical (C4d), alternative (Ba), and common (C3d) pathways were measured and fragment to parent mo
Spear GT; Ou CY; Kessler HA; Moore JL; Schochetman G; Landay AL; Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush-Presbyterian-St.; Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects and depletes or alters the function of cells involved in immune responsiveness. While both T helper lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages can be infected via cell-surface CD4 in vitro, previous studies showed that few blood cells express HIV RNA in vivo. This study used DN
Laurent AG; Hovanessian AG; Riviere Y; Krust B; Regnault A; Montagnier L; Findeli A; Kieny MP; Guy B; Unite d'Oncologie Virale (URA CNRS 1157), Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.
The nef gene product of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is suggested to be a negative factor involved in down-regulating viral expression by a mechanism in which the correct conformation of the nef protein is essential. The nef protein expressed by vaccinia virus recombinants is phosphorylated by protein kinase
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):177-87. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039256
McGraw TP; Vowels BR; Gershwin ME; Gardner MB; Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis.
Optimal conditions for the assessment of T cell proliferation and cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses specific for primate lentivirus were established. CTL and T cell proliferative responses were demonstrated as early as two weeks post-infection. Although the majority of CTL were CD8+, MHC class I-restricted, this
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):279-86. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039264
Johnson PR; Goldstein S; London WT; Fomsgaard A; Hirsch VM; Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University, Rockville, MD.
We have investigated the ability of biologically-active proviral molecular clones of SIVsm and SIVagm to infect rhesus macaques, pig-tail macaques, and African green monkeys. Two clones of SIVsm were individually inoculated into four rhesus and four pig-tail macaques. All eight macaques became infected, and two have e
Lancet. 1990 Nov 10;336(8724):1153-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041275
Chen YM; Lee TH; Wiktor SZ; Shaw GM; Murphy EL; Blattner WA; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
55 HTLV-I (human T-cell lymphotropic virus) and 45 HTLV-II carriers, confirmed by HTLV-type specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), were distinguished by western blot assays with recombinant HTLV I or II envelope glycoproteins. Recombinant protein (RP) B1 contains aminoacids 166-201 from HTLV-I exterior glycoprotein
Lancet. 1990 Nov 17;336(8725):1214-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041319
Chen YM; Gomez-Lucia E; Okayama A; Tachibana N; Lee TH; Mueller N; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
To define the antibody profile of early seroconversion in infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), consecutive serum samples from 10 subjects presumed to have seroconverted on the basis of the particle agglutination test were studied by three enzyme immunoassays and two confirmatory tests (radio
Lancet. 1990 Dec 1;336(8727):1345-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041416
LaGrenade L; Hanchard B; Fletcher V; Cranston B; Blattner W; Department of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Mona,; Jamaica.
In Jamaican children infective dermatitis is a chronic eczema associated with refractory nonvirulent Staphylococcus aureus or beta-haemolytic streptococcus infection of the skin and nasal vestibule. 14 children between the ages of 2 and 17 years with typical infective dermatitis, attending the dermatology clinic at th
Lancet. 1990 Dec 1;336(8727):1364-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91041425
Hudson CP; Department of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, London School; of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
For developing countries the cost-benefit of vaccination in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is great since the acute infection is generally subclinical and the benefit is the prevention of small numbers of cases of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Since the pattern of HBV infection in Africa is
Yoshida N; Takahashi K; Kurozumi H; Hyodo Y; Yokota S; Department of Infection and Immunology, Kanagawa Children's; Medical Center, Yokohama-city.
A case of polyarteritis nodosa (PN) in childhood involving various organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, skin, CNS, kidneys and liver with hypogammaglobulinemia is reported. This 6 month old girl was admitted to our hospital with vomiting, diarrhea, bloody stools with mucous and weight loss. For the past 5 months
Lehr HA; Zimmer JP; Hubner C; Ballmann M; Hachmann W; Vogel W; Baisch H; Hartter P; Albani M; Kohlschutter A; et al; Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Nautical and; Tropical Diseases, Hamburg, Germany.
Plasma membrane fluidity of intact peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of phenytoin-treated nonepileptic patients and phenytoin-treated CD4+ lymphoid cells H9 and K37 was determined by fluorescence anisotropy measurements. Anisotropy values of the membrane probe 6-(9-anthroyloxy) stearic acid were decreased in all cell
Schrappe-Bacher M; Rasokat H; Bauer P; Bendick C; Bube FW; Degenhardt S; Fatkenheuer G; Heiniger HJ; Heitmann K; Imbach P; et al; Medizinische Klinik II und Poliklinik, Universitat Koln, BRD.
The influence of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins (HD-IVIG) on the clinical status and T4 cell count of adults with AIDS-related complex (ARC) and Walter-Reed 5 (WR5) was evaluated in a randomized double-blind longitudinal study. Inclusion criteria were: (1) T4 cells less than 400/microliters and (2a) oral
Blanche S; Tardieu M; Duliege A; Rouzioux C; Le Deist F; Fukunaga K; Caniglia M; Jacomet C; Messiah A; Griscelli C; Immunology Unit, INSERM U 132, Paris, France.
To better define the clinical and biological evolution of infants after vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, we analyzed 94 consecutive infected patients followed up after their first clinical symptoms. The expression of clinical symptoms and biological abnormalities followed a bimodal distribution,
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):1005-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026263
Debs RJ; Krowka J; Stites D; Brunette EN; Duzgunes N; Philip R; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0128.
Peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) can selectively lyse malignant or virus-infected cells. We investigated the effects of target cell infection with HIV-1 on PBM cytolytic function. Cytokine-activated PBM lysed uninfected, HSV-1-infected or vaccinia virus-infected tumor cells, but did not lyse the same cell lines when i
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Aug;6(8):977-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91026276
Valentin A; Matsuda S; Asjo B; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
The in vitro maturation of peripheral blood monocytes to macrophages can be followed morphologically, and by measurement of cell surface antigens (CD4, HLA-DR, and FcR III) and lysozyme production. We used these markers to correlate monocyte maturation with susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectio
Beck KW; Schramel P; Hedl A; Jaeger H; Kaboth W; I. Medizinische Abteilung, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus; Muenchen-Schwabing, West Germany.
The absolute number of T4 cells and the serum concentrations of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, P, Se, and Zn were determined in 59 Walter-Reed staged, HIV-infected men, compared to healthy controls, serum levels of Ca, Cu, and Fe were significantly higher, those of P and Se significantly lower in the HIV-infected subjects. In the
Cancer. 1990 Nov 1;66(9):1869-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91029089
Lassoued K; Clauvel JP; Katlama C; Janier M; Picard C; Matheron S; Service d'Immunohematologie et Immunopathologie, Hopital; Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
A nonrandomized trial was conducted to assess the efficiency and toxicity of bleomycin as a single agent in treatment of non-life-threatening AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Sixty patients were enrolled in this study. They all had a disseminated and progressive non-life-threatening AIDS-related KS associated with
Truneh A; Frescatore RL; Thiem P; Leary JJ; Rosenberg M; Hanna N; Sweet R; Bugelski PJ; Department of Immunology, Smith Kline & French Laboratories,; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The CD4 cell surface glycoprotein which is expressed primarily by a subset of T lymphocytes plays a key role in normal immune responses. In the immunopathogenesis of AIDS, it serves as the high-affinity receptor for HIV, facilitating viral attachment and entry into CD4+ cells. As such, the truncated soluble form of th
Kuroda Y; Takashima H; Endo C; Neshige R; Kakigi R; Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School.
We administered alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) and gamma-globulin (gamma-gl) to patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM). Patients selected for this study fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of HAM by Osame et al. As for alpha-IFN, 12 patients were injected intramuscularly with a dose of 3 X 10(6) IU/day of alpha-
Four out of eleven patients--none of them HIV positive--who received treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma by the MACOP-B protocol between June 1989 and February 1990 were taken ill during or shortly after the conclusion of the course with fulminant pneumonia necessitating artificial ventilation. In three cases Pneumocys
FEBS Lett. 1990 Sep 17;270(1-2):76-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91032035
Becerra SP; Clore GM; Gronenborn AM; Karlstrom AR; Stahl SJ; Wilson SH; Wingfield PT; Laboratory of Biochemistry, NCI, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
The ribonuclease H (RNase H) domain of human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase has been produced with the aim of providing sufficient amounts of protein for biophysical studies. A plasmid vector is described which directs high level expression of the RNase H domain under the control of the lambda P
FEBS Lett. 1990 Oct 1;271(1-2):194-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91032066
Crabbe MJ; Evans DJ; Almond JW; Department of Microbiology, School of Animal and Microbial; Sciences, University of Reading, UK.
We have used laboratory-based molecular modelling to identify structural features of antigen chimaeras of poliovirus expressing epitopes from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) that may affect virus viability. Chimaeras were constructed by replacement of antigenic site 1 of VP1 by sequences corresponding to epitopes
FEBS Lett. 1990 Oct 15;272(1-2):12-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91032105
Lee-Huang S; Huang PL; Nara PL; Chen HC; Kung HF; Huang P; Huang HI; Huang PL; Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of; Medicine, NY 10016.
A new inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been isolated and purified to homogeneity from the seeds and fruits of the Momordica charantia. This compound, MAP 30 (Momordica Anti-HIV Protein), is a basic protein of about 30 kDa. It exhibits dose-dependent inhibition of cell-free HIV-1 infection and replic
Arima T; Shimomura H; Nakajima T; Kanai K; Nagashima H; Tsuji T; First Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama University Medical; School, Japan.
A random primed lambda gt11-cDNA library was constructed from donors plasma presumably infected by blood-borne non-A, non-B hepatitis (hepatitis C:HC) agent and immunoscreened with serum pooled from patients with acute or chronic HC. Twelve lambda gt11-cDNA clones were isolated that was shown to encode antigens associ
Ng VL; Virani NA; Chaisson RE; Yajko DM; Sphar HT; Cabrian K; Rollins N; Charache P; Krieger M; Hadley WK; et al; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco 94110.
A collaborative study was undertaken at two institutions to assess the performance of a direct fluorescent-antibody stain for the detection of Pneumocystis carinii in respiratory specimens from patients with known or suspected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infections. A total of 163 specimens (125 induced sputa,
Wolfson JS; Waldron MA; Sierra LS; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard; Medical School, Boston.
A new direct immunofluorescence monoclonal antibody (DFA) method (Genetic Systems, Inc., Seattle, Wash.) for identification of Pneumocystis carinii in induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens was compared in a blinded study with an established Giemsa stain method. We evaluated 148 consecutive clinical speci
J Immunol. 1990 Nov 15;145(10):3240-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M36294
Masuda T; Matsushita S; Kuroda MJ; Kannagi M; Takatsuki K; Harada S; Department of Biodefence and Medical Virology, Kumamoto; University Medical School, Japan.
Antigenic mutants of HIV-1 were isolated from three plaque-cloned viruses by the resistance of the virus to neutralizing mAb 0.5 beta against V3 domain of viral gp120, when the viruses were passaged in the presence of the antibody. However, when chronically infected MOLT-4 cells were treated with 0.5 beta mAb, recover
J Immunol. 1990 Nov 15;145(10):3276-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91036969
Tyler DS; Stanley SD; Zolla-Pazner S; Gorny MK; Shadduck PP; Langlois AJ; Matthews TJ; Bolognesi DP; Palker TJ; Weinhold KJ; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; 27710.
In an effort to determine the functional activity of anti-HIV-1 human mAb and to define the epitopes against which they are directed, supernatants from 10 EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines producing mAb to HIV were tested. Five clones producing mAb to gp41 and five producing mAb to p24 were identified. The ant
Yagi T; Department of Microbiology, Osaka Medical College.
Sensitive reverse transcriptase assay was applied to human immunodeficiency virus type 2. The kinetics of this assay, stability of the enzyme and the effect of BSA to this assay indicated that the condition of this assay should be 37 degrees C in reaction temperature. The sensitivity of this assay increased by adding
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):239-49. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039261
Powell JD; Yehuda-Cohen T; Villinger F; McClure HM; Sell KW; Ahmed-Ansari A; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Winship Cancer; Center, Atlanta, GA.
Several investigators have demonstrated the ability of CD8+ T cells from HIV-1 infected humans and SIV infected rhesus macaques to inhibit viral replication in vitro. In this report we show that CD8+ cells from naturally SIV infected sooty mangabeys also have the ability to inhibit viral replication in vitro. In addit
J Med Primatol. 1990;19(3-4):251-67. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91039262
Yehuda-Cohen T; Powell JD; Villinger F; McClure HM; Sell KW; Ahmed-Ansari A; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Winship Cancer; Center, Atlanta, GA.
Monocytes from SIV/SMM infected sooty mangabeys and rhesus macaques were incubated in vitro with live SIV/SMM. The reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in the supernatant fluids of the monocyte cultures of the former species was higher than the RT activity in the latter species. No differences were found in the superna
Mil Med. 1990 Jun;155(6):235-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91043608
McGrane WL; Toth FJ; Allely EB; Center for Interactive Media in Medicine, Uniformed Services; University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.
Over 50 years of risk-reduction efforts for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) exist as a foundation for Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease Syndrome (AIDS) prevention programs in the military, yet very few innovative prevention concepts have been generated. However, the military has used interactive media successfully
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8321-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91045989
Kekow J; Wachsman W; McCutchan JA; Cronin M; Carson DA; Lotz M; Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Research; Institute of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037.
This study examines the contribution of transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), one of the most potent endogenous immunosuppressive factors, to the development of immunodeficiency in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Increased titers of TGF beta were found in supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclea
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8597-601. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91046042
Scott CF Jr; Silver S; Profy AT; Putney SD; Langlois A; Weinhold K; Robinson JE; Repligen Corporation, Cambridge, MA 02139.
We describe a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (N701.9b) derived by Epstein-Barr virus transformation of B cells from a human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive asymptomatic donor. This antibody was shown to recognize the principal neutralizing domain contained within the V3 region of gp120 of the MN strain of human im
S Afr Med J. 1990 Nov 3;78(9):517-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91048315
Evian CR; Ijsselmuiden CB; Padayachee GN; Hurwitz HS; Johannesburg City Health Department.
In January 1989, the Johannesburg City Health Department developed an AIDS education poster. The poster was adapted from a cartoon in the Sowetan newspaper and was formally evaluated before its final production. As a result of this evaluation further editing and restructuring of the poster proved necessary. The method
Pautrat G; Suzan M; Salaun D; Corbeau P; Allasia C; Morel G; Filippi P; INSERM U322, Laboratoire des Retrovirus et Maladies Associees,; Marseille, France.
The differentiation of U937 monoblastoid cells after human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection was studied using the following approaches: reverse transcriptase activity measurement, immunofluorescence labeling, and electron microscopy. For comparison, uninfected U937 cells were induced to differentiate fr
Prasad VR; Myrick K; Haseltine W; Goff SP; Department of Biochemistry, Columbia University, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
A fragment of the SIVmac251 pol gene was expressed in Escherichia coli as a trpE fusion protein. Analysis of extracts from bacteria containing this expression plasmid revealed the presence of a reverse transcriptase activity dependent on Mg2+ as divalent cation and active on both poly(rA).oligo(dT) and poly(rC.oligo(d
Mertens T; Ramon A; Kruppenbacher JP; Heitmann K; Pika U; Leyssens N; Lievens M; Institut fur Virologie, Universitat Koln, BRD.
Thirty patients with AIDS-related complex/Walter-Reed 5 enrolled in a placebo-controlled double-blind study with high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin administration were tested by quantitating HIV Western blot and other serological tests for viral antibodies. Furthermore, conventional virus isolation attempts were perf
Katz PR; Karuza J; Gutman SI; Bartholomew W; Richman G; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo.
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and selected acute-phase proteins (APPs) were studied in 101 elderly people (mean age, 72 years) to determine their utility as diagnostic aids in subjects with underlying infections or inflammation. ESR and values for serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), the fourth component of comple
Shibata R; Sakai H; Ogawa K; Ishimoto A; Adachi A; Department of Viral Oncology, Kyoto University, Japan.
A frame-shift tat gene mutant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), which showed no detectable trans-activation potential, was constructed in vitro. Upon transfection, this clone directed the synthesis of virus mRNAs, gag proteins and virion-associated reverse transcriptase (RT) at a low level as was observe
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1990 Sep;24(3):391-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91054142
Wright JM; Perkins RJ; Department of Liaison Psychiatry, Prince Henry Hospital, Sydney; NSW.
The experience of a liaison psychiatry team working in the setting of an AIDS unit is described. Several clinical themes are identified which highlight crucial issues with regard to both diagnosis and management. These issues are illustrated by case histories. Discussion draws attention to the value of using a biopsyc
A facile technique of manual oligonucleotide synthesis via H-phosphonate approach is developed. Syntheses carried out in pipette tips with siliconised glasswool filters take 3-3.5 min per cycle with 97-98% yields per condensation. The method was used to synthesize 12-55-mers: T7 and PL promoter regions, gene of the si
Rossi JJ; Sarver N; Department of Molecular Genetics, Beckman Research Institute,; City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010.
Among the landmark discoveries of recent years are ribozymes, RNA molecules which possess enzymatic, self-cleaving activities. The concept of exploiting the ribozyme catalytic center for cleaving (inactivating) a specific RNA transcript is now emerging as a potential therapeutic or preventative strategy in human disea
This information is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between you and your doctor.