Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
IMMUNOPATHOLOGIC DISEASES
Diagnostic Immunopathology. Colvin RB et al, eds. New York, Raven, p. 41-197, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90658754 Anonymous; No affiliation given
Abstract:
Most of the major forms of glomerulonephritis are characterized by conspicuous glomerular accumulation of immunoglobulins, complement components, or both, often in distinctive patterns or with predominance of a particular immunoglobulin class. The use of immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of the following renal diseases is reviewed: membranous, idiopathic crescentic (types II and III), acute, and membranoproliferative (types I and II) glomerulonephritides; IgA nephropathies; idiopathic mixed cryoglobulinemia; lupus nephritis; systemic light chain disease; tubulointerstitial renal disease; and hereditary nephritis. Immunofluorescence studies are also used frequently by dermatopathologists. Diagnosis of the following skin diseases is discussed: pemphigus vulgaris, vegetans, foliaceus, and erythematosus; intraepidermal neutrophilic IgG dermatosis; bullous and cicatricial pemphigoid; herpes gestationis; epidermal bullous aquisita; linear IgA bullous dermatosis; dermatitis herpetiformis; Henoch-Schonlein purpura; forms of vasculitis; epidermolysis bullosa; Alport's syndrome; and discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus. Detection of autoantibodies as an aid in diagnosis or prognosis is well established, but the relationship between the autoantibody and the pathogenesis of many diseases is less clear. The most frequently detected autoantibodies (antinuclear antibody; antimitochondrial antibody; rheumatoid factor; and autoantibodies to endocrine organs, muscle, gastric parietal cells, and cell surface receptors for acetylcholine and TSH) and methods for their measurement and their interpretation are discussed. The clinical and histopathological features of the following immunodeficiency disorders are summarized and illustrated: X-linked agammaglobulinemia, selective IgA deficiency, common variable immunodeficiency, third- and fourth-pouch/arch syndrome, severe combined immune deficiency syndrome, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, protein-calorie malnutrition, stress-induced involution of the thymus, virus-induced immune suppression, and AIDS. Mechanisms of virus-induced immunodeficiency and opportunistic infectious diseases and malignant neoplasms are considered in the context of defective immune surveillance. The pathogenesis of various forms of renal allograft dysfunction, the practical aspects of renal biopsy interpretation, and alternative immunopathologic tests are reviewed.
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY Autoantibodies/*ANALYSIS *Fluorescent Antibody Technique Human Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*DIAGNOSIS/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY Kidney Diseases/*DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY/SURGERY Kidney Transplantation/*IMMUNOLOGY Skin Diseases/*DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEW 912130
M91C4115
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
