Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
APPROACHES TO SPECIFIC NEOPLASMS: CHILDHOOD CANCER
Comprehensive Textbook of Oncology. Second Edition. Moossa AR et al, eds. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, p. 1469-614, 1991.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676563 Anonymous; No affiliation given
Abstract:
Only 6% of cancer deaths occur under 45 yr of age and less than 1% occur under 14 yr of age. Impressive progress has been made in the treatment of most childhood malignancies, but it is estimated that of the approx 6000 children under 14 yr of age who develop cancer each year in the United States, 2500 will die from cancer. Approaches to childhood cancer are reviewed as follows: (1) overview of cancer in children (major types, geographic and racial variations, in utero factors, the 'cancer-prone' host, chromosomal syndromes, primary immunodeficiency syndromes, gastrointestinal tract disorders, neurocutaneous syndromes, congenital defects, and survivors of cancer); (2) implications of molecular biology for diagnosis, classification, prognosis, and treatment of pediatric cancer; (3) childhood leukemias (epidemiology, pathophysiology, acute leukemias, chronic myelogenous leukemia, supportive care, and consequences of survival); (4) neuroblastoma (incidence and epidemiology, clinical presentations and metastases, pathology, evaluation, prognosis, therapy by age and stage, bone marrow transplantation, targeted therapies, and molecular biology correlates); (5) childhood lymphomas (Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma); (6) osteosarcoma; (7) soft tissue sarcomas with peak occurrence in childhood (rhabdomyosarcoma, extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor); (8) Wilms' tumor (pathology, natural history, diagnosis, staging, treatment, metastatic disease, bilateral tumors, and complications); (8) retinoblastoma (natural history, pathology, and treatment); (9) CNS tumors in children and adolescents (diagnosis, medulloblastoma, cerebellar astrocytoma, brainstem glioma, ependymoma, cerebral astrocytoma, pineal tumors, optic glioma, craniopharyngioma, and intraspinal tumors); (10) Langerhans cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X); (11) hemophagocytic histiocytic syndromes and malignant histiocytosis in children (pathology, familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, and malignant histiocytosis); (12) HIV infection in children (epidemiology, diagnosis, natural history, prognosis, and treatment); and (13) supportive care (psychologic supportive care, oncologic emergencies, acute toxicities of therapy, pain management, control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and emesis, nutritional support, hematologic supportive care, infectious complications, and chronic or late complications).
Keywords: Child Combined Modality Therapy Human Leukemia/DIAGNOSIS/GENETICS/*THERAPY Lymphoma/DIAGNOSIS/GENETICS/*THERAPY Neoplasms/DIAGNOSIS/GENETICS/*THERAPY Precancerous Conditions/THERAPY Risk Factors MONOGRAPH 912130
M91C4072
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
