Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
CD4-GP120 INTERACTION: IDIOTYPE MIMICRY AS PUTATIVE VACCINES AND THERAPEUTICS AGAINST HIV INFECTION
AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials. Putney SD and Bolognesi DP, eds. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 241-64, 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91676950 Kennedy RC; Chanh TC; Maino VC; Warner NL; Koff WC; Dept. of Virology, and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Res., San Antonio, TX
Abstract:
The network theory of immune regulation was proposed to explain how idiotype anti-idiotype interactions may be involved in regulating the immune response to an antigen. An idiotype (Id) defines the variable (V) region of the antibody molecule and often serves as a V region phenotypic marker. Even within a single antibody molecule, different areas within the V region can combine with different antigenic determinants. The possible role of Id mimicry in creating vaccines against AIDS is discussed, including anti-Id modulation and Id networks, serologic classification of anti-Id, possible advantages of anti-Id-based vaccines, Id networks in hepatitis B virus infection, considerations when developing a vaccine for HIV, CD4-HIV gp120 interaction, and studies on Id-based strategies for HIV. Early studies defined Id as predominantly private or unique Id determinants. However, shared Ids have been observed in a wide variety of species with antibodies generated to many antigens. Numerous studies have demonstrated that anti-Id reagents may regulate the immune response to a wide variety of antigens, including those associated with infectious agents such as HIV. Although data are still not conclusive that Id networks are involved in HIV infection and/or pathogenesis, present studies and studies of other vaccine candidates indicate that it is not unreasonable to speculate that Id-based reagents may have a role as putative vaccine and/or therapeutic agents in controlling HIV infection. A putative Id cascade leading from initial antigen (HIV), is diagrammed. Since the Id is a serologic representative and phenotypic marker of the V region, and a given V region is encoded by germ-cell lines, the induction of response with anti-HIV activity can potentially be preprogrammed for Id expression by activation of a particular V-region germ line gene product. However, current vaccine strategies that immunize with HIV antigens have very little control over the V-region products expressed. The host and the immune system determine what HIV-specific immunity will result from HIV antigen stimulation. The possible use and advantage of anti-Id strategies is the potential preprogramming of the V-region repertoire based on Id expression prior to HIV antigen stimulation. Id-based vaccine strategies to control HIV infection possibly could be employed together with other strategies. (101 Refs)
Keywords: Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/IMMUNOLOGY Antigens, CD4/*IMMUNOLOGY Epitopes/IMMUNOLOGY Human HIV/IMMUNOLOGY HIV Antibodies/BIOSYNTHESIS/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV Envelope Protein gp120/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV Infections/*IMMUNOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL Immunoglobulin Idiotypes/*IMMUNOLOGY Vaccines, Synthetic/*IMMUNOLOGY Viral Vaccines/*IMMUNOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEW 912130
M91C4069
AEGiS presents published material, reprinted with permission and neither endorses nor opposes any material. All information contained on this website, including information relating to health conditions, products, and treatments, is for informational purposes only. It is often presented in summary or aggregate form. It is not meant to be a substitute for the advice provided by your own physician or other medical professionals. Always discuss treatment options with a doctor who specializes in treating HIV.
Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1991. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
