A panel consisting of an ethicist, a specialist in infectious diseases, and a lawyer discusses the ethical issues raised by the diagnosis of AIDS or a positive HIV test. Using concrete cases, the panel offers an orderly approach to highly sensitive and critical issues. Also provides some insights into the impact of
[Minneapolis, Minn.] : Minnesota American Indian AIDS Task Force, c1989 1 videocassette (22 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/9100203A
(Producer) Carole Lafavor, member of the Ojibwe tribe, activist, mother and registered nurse, is a person with AIDS. In this candid and moving portrait, Lafavor relates how she has come to terms with AIDS by combining her traditional beliefs and healing practices with Western medicine. Her giveaway to the larger AI
Presents the insights of a clinical researcher as to the efficacy, safety, and likely dosing regimens of recombinant human erythropoietin in the management of anemias related to AIDS, cancer, and other chronic diseases.
Provides criteria for effective antiretroviral therapy, phase I findings for ddI and ddC , and the current clinical status of these and other experimental anti-HIV drugs.
Geneva : World Health Organization ; Albany, NY : WHO Publications Center USA [distributor], 1988 iv, 42 p (WHO AIDS series, ISSN 1011-5773 ; 3) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9102109
Atlanta, Ga. : Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control ; Cincinnati, Ohio (4676 Columbia Parkwy, Cincinnati, 45226) : NIOSH [distributor], [1989] 1 v. (various pagings) (DHHS (NIOSH) publication ; no. 89-108) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9102057
Stockholm : Dept. of Virology, National Bacteriological Laboratory ; Dept. of Immunology, Dept. of Virology, Karolinska Institute, 1990 1 v. (various pagings) : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9102493
Rockville, Md. : The Clearinghouse, v Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/9102767
Listings of scheduled conferences and other meetings related to HIV infections and AIDS. Arranged chronologically. Entries give dates, sponsor, location, contact, and topic. Sponsor, geographic indexes. Contains list of NAIC publications.
Immune System and Cancer. Tokyo, 1988. Hamaoka T et al, eds. Philadelphia, Taylor and Francis, 347 p., 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91662231
Anonymous; No affiliation given
This book contains the proceedings of the 19th International Symposium of The Princess Takamatsu Cancer Research Fund, which presented results in a number of areas of immune cell biology directed toward the problems of cancer. Keynote lectures addressed immunologic aspects of B-cell-derived tumors in humans and rodent
Konig R; Ashwell G; Hanover JA; Lab. of Biochemistry and Metabolism, NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD; 20892
The T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 plays an important role in cellular immunity and serves as a receptor for HIV. To study the biosynthesis and assembly of CD4, CD4 was overexpressed in wild-type and glycosylation-deficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by cotransfection of a human CD4 cDNA and a cDNA encoding th
AIDS Updates; 3(2):1-7 1990. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91667835
Armstrong D; Bernard E; Infectious Disease Service, Dept. of Medicine, Memorial; Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
Aerosolized pentamidine is a reasonable method to try to prevent pneumocystosis of the lung is in HIV-infected people. Studies so far demonstrate that it will not be 100% effective and that failures will occur in 5% to 25% of people. The more episodes of pneumocystis pneumonia a person has had, the greater the risk of
The molecular mechanism of retroviral mediated immunosuppression was characterized by testing the effect of synthetic, recombinant and native retroviral transmembrane polypeptides on several aspects of immune function. By use of synthetic peptides the minimum amino acid (aa) sequence required for inhibition of lymphop
A cross-sectional study on HTLV-I infection was conducted in Japanese families originated from Okinawa, an HTLV-I endemic area in Japan, and now residing in Hawaii, a non-endemic area. The aim of the study was to examine the seroprevalence, factors related to transmission, and health implications of HTLV-I infection.
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was first isolated from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with various lymphoproliferative disorders, including AIDS, in 1986. It has since been shown that greater than 95% of adults have serologic evidence of infection and that it is the causative agent of exanthem subitum. This
1990 International Conference on Virology. Viruses That Affect the Immune System. March 1-3, 1990, Newport Beach, CA, 53 p., 1990.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/91669753
Anonymous; No affiliation given
Viruses that affect the immune system was the topic of the 1990 ICN-UCI International Conference on Virology, held March 1-3, 1990, in Newport Beach, California. The meeting sessions addressed (1) the host response to viral infection, (2) virus-induced immunodeficiency, and (3) virus-induced tumorigenesis. Abstracts a
Papillomas induced by the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) progress at a high frequency to cancers. This property makes the CRPV system unique for the study of tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis. In this dissertation we have looked at CRPV regulatory sequences and early gene products that are likely to be involve
The EBV-specific serology and the lymphocyte transformation assay are not ideal methods with which to study the role of EBV in clinical problems such as chronic headaches, HIV infection, and lymphoproliferative disorders in the immunocompromised host. Nucleic acid hybridization techniques were developed and applied to
The way people think about illness relates to both illness behaviors and how they perceive and behave towards ill individuals. In order to better understand these behaviors, an implicit taxonomy, allowing for a comprehensive approach to the examination of a diverse set of illnesses is needed. This dissertation examine
Processing of a synthetic tRNA(Phe) dimer and a natural mutant tRNA(His) precursor by RNase P occurred at two different sites, depending upon experimental conditions. The alternate site for both substrates was induced only by high concentrations of Mg++, and was determined to occur one base 5 - to the normal site. Ble
The transmission of HIV infection through contaminated blood and blood products is of a great concern to the medical and dental community and household contacts. The available data support the concept that the risk of causal nosocomial transmission of HIV following needlestick or mucous membranes injuries is extremely
Kotsiomiti H; Totsika A; Diakoyianni-Mordohai H; Kaloyiannides A
The influence of four antiseptic solutions on some dental materials was examined in this study. The antiseptic solutions were sodium chloride 10%, alcohol 75%, Cidex and Sterile pack fluid, whereas the dental materials were dental modelling wax, impression compound, shellac base plate and zinc-oxide eugenol paste. The
Ayuso Mateos JL; Bayon Perez C; Santo-Domingo Carrasco J; de Salas Jimenez de Azcarate J; Olivares D; Servicio de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la S.S. La Paz, Madrid,; Espana.
The study describes the psychiatric disorders found in 100 HIV-positive patients, in different stages of the illness, at the psychiatric consultation service of a general hospital in Madrid. Eighty-five percent of the sample fell within the intravenous drug addicts risk group, which coincides with the epidemiological
Very few case reports evaluate clinical and laboratory parameters of acute HIV infection. This paper describes seven such cases, four being mononucleosis like disease and one lymphocytic meningitis. Clinical manifestations were fever (7/7), lymphadenopathy (7/7), enlarged liver size (7/7) pharyngitis (6/7), malaise (4
Turk J Pediatr. 1989 Oct-Dec;31(4):297-303. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91082239
Akman ES; Ertem U; Tankal V; Pamir A; Tuncer AM; Uluoglu O; Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dr. Sami Ulus Children's; Hospital, Ankara.
A three-year-old-boy with generalized Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is presented. The child died of progressive pulmonary insufficiency on the eighteenth day of the course of his illness, the tenth hospital day. On postmortem examination diffuse KS infiltration was observed in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, lymp
Anasassiadou V; Sofou A; Laskaridis I; Kaloyiannides A
The aim of this study is to investigate the dimensional changes of hydrocolloid impression materials agar type and alginates, when they are placed in fluids for AIDS virus sterilization as Sterile pack, alcohol 75%, sodium chloride 10% and Cidex for 40 min. It was found out that when the hydrocolloids were placed in a
Ann Pathol. 1990;10(4):247-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91076949
Hofman P; Michiels JF; Saint Paul MC; Bernard E; Dellamonica P; Loubiere R; Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hopital Pasteur, Nice.
The pathologic study of the cardiac lesions in 25 persons who died of AIDS were studied from autopsies. Most of these patients were intravenous drug abusers (14 cases). Heart failure was symptomatic and lead to death in 4 cases. This study showed histological abnormalities in 76% of the cases. We observed 12 myocardit
Hoglund S; Akerblom L; Ozel M; Villacres M; Eriksson M; Gelderblom HR; Arthur L; Morein B; Institute of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.
HIV-1, strain HTLV-III, propagated in H9 cells and purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation, was used as native antigen source for the preparation of immunostimulating complexes, HIV-iscoms. The major antigen detected in the iscom was the cell-derived HLA-DR, which readily could be removed from the virus lysate by
Shen RN; Lu L; Broxmeyer HE; Department of Radiation Oncology/Medicine, Walther Oncology; Center, Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
Understanding the biology and treatment of various cancers (including leukemia) and immunodeficiency disorders is still an ongoing and experimental process. Animal models have been and continue to be important to this process. This review will focus in on work by ourselves and others that have used murine models asses
Blood. 1990 Dec 1;76(11):2210-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91077425
Calabresi P; Falcone A; St Clair MH; Wiemann MC; Chu SH; Darnowski JW; Department of Medicine, Roger Williams General Hospital,; Providence, RI 02908.
Increased extracellular concentrations of uridine (Urd) have been reported to reduce, in vitro, azidothymidine ( AZT )-induced inhibition of human granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells without impairment of its antihuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) a
Blood. 1990 Dec 1;76(11):2216-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91077426
Falcone A; Darnowski JW; Ruprecht RM; Chu SH; Brunetti I; Calabresi P; Department of Medicine, Roger Williams General Hospital, Boston,; MA.
It has been reported that in vitro uridine (Urd) can reverse azidothymidine ( AZT ) cytotoxicity without decreasing anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity. Our studies in mice have shown that daily oral doses of benzylacyclouridine (BAU), an i
Blood. 1990 Dec 1;76(11):2303-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91077439
Birx DL; Redfield RR; Tencer K; Fowler A; Burke DS; Tosato G; Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington DC.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional cytokine produced in monocytes, fibroblasts, and other cell types, is induced by a variety of stimuli, including bacteria, viruses, and other cytokines. When normal monocyte cultures were exposed to a monocytotropic strain of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HTLV-IIIBa-L, sig
Can Assoc Radiol J. 1990 Dec;41(6):342-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91077771
Grosman H; Stein M; Perrin RC; Gray R; St. Louis EL; Department of Radiology, Wellesley Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
Asymmetry of the ventricles of the brain without an obvious cause is a common and intriguing radiologic finding. To understand this phenomenon better the authors conducted a 24-month study to compare clinical and structural manifestations of two groups of patients who had undergone head computed tomography (CT): group
Can Assoc Radiol J. 1990 Dec;41(6):353-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91077774
Perich J; Ayuso MC; Vilana R; Ayuso JR; Cardenal C; Mallofre C; Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
There is an increased frequency of disseminated tuberculosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The authors reviewed 6 thoracic and 10 abdominal computed tomography scans from 11 patients who had AIDS and disseminated tuberculosis. All scans demonstrated multiple, large, mediastinal or retrope
Osborn JE; School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
The presentation excerpted here was given at the Cleveland Clinic s Second Annual Update on the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in May 1989. At that time, the numbers herein were current. Since then, the number of reported cases of AIDS in the United States has surpassed 120,000, an
Berry JP; Galle P; SC 27 de l'INSERM, Centre de Microanalyse Appliquee a la; Biologie du CNRS, Faculte de Medecine, Creteil, France.
The anti-viral drug HPA-23 (ammonium 21-tungsto-9-antimonate) has been proposed for use in the combat against AIDS. The two elements tungsten (W) and antimony (Sb) in the molecule enable the intracellular localization and possible breakdown of the product to be studied using electron probe microanalysis methods. Such
Gene. 1990 Oct 15;94(2):223-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91078643
Kemp DJ; Churchill MJ; Smith DB; Biggs BA; Foote SJ; Peterson MG; Samaras N; Deacon NJ; Doherty R; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria,; Australia.
We have previously described a colorimetric test, designated an amplified DNA assay (ADA), for specific segments of DNA amplified by polymerase chain reactions (PCRs), suited to diagnostic applications. This relied on binding the amplified DNA via a sequence in one oligodeoxyribonucleotide (oligo) to the DNA-binding p
Buskila D; Bookman A; Sukenik S; Dept. of Medicine A, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheba.
Recent reports have suggested an association between psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV). However, few cases of coincidental occurrence of HIV infection and psoriatic arthritis have been described. We present another patient with psoriasis who developed a sudden flare-up of
Hintz S; Kuck J; Peterkin JJ; Volk DM; Zisook S; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego.
A chart review of 90 male outpatients was conducted to document the type of depressive symptomatology associated with HIV infection and to review the nature of antidepressant treatment provided in two university-affiliated outpatient settings. Forty-five individuals who tested positive for HIV infection and who were t
Gibbs A; Andrewes DG; Szmukler G; Mulhall B; Bowden SC; Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville,; Victoria, Australia.
Sixty male outpatients with no past neuropsychiatric history were examined for evidence of early HIV-related neuropsychological impairment. Significant cognitive deficit, as measured by the RAVLT and WAIS-R Digit Symbol Substitution tests, and moderate correlation with indices of immune function, were observed in a gr
van Gorp WG; Tulin SJ; Evans G; Satz P; West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Neuropsychology Laboratory,; CA 90073.
The incidence of a WAIS-R subtest marker sensitive to cholinergic dysfunction was assessed in a sample 116 homosexual males infected with HIV (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome [AIDS] N = 40; AIDS Related Complex [ARC], N = 76). The incidence of positive profiles was low in the overall sample (11/116, 9%), and signif
Kawe LW; Renard G; Le Hoang P; Kayembe L; Odio W; Hopital general de reference de Dikingu, Kasai-oriental,; Zaire.
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a pathological entity whose agent is a virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). The principal immunological deficit is the insufficience of immunity in mediation cell. Actually AIDS can be considered as the bubonic plague of the 20th century. Eye lesions caused by
Delvigne A; Gustin ML; Englert Y; Laruelle C; Vekemans M; Service de Gynecologie-Obstetrique, Hopital Universitaire; Saint-Pierre, Bruxelles, Belgique.
Such demands raise difficulties, as the physician has to consider (and has to be the defender of) the coming child. A thorough psychological investigation must be conducted, as the couple s motives and those of each partner considered separately are not necessarily in agreement. Most important for the couple are the p
J Immunol. 1990 Dec 15;145(12):4059-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91079485
Honda M; Kitamura K; Mizutani Y; Oishi M; Arai M; Okura T; Igarahi K; Yasukawa K; Hirano T; Kishimoto T; et al; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
We have devised a luminescence sandwich ELISA for the quantification of IL-6 in both sera and cell culture supernatants, which had a detection limit of 100 fg/ml of test sample. By using the luminescence sandwich-ELISA, low but measurable levels of IL-6 (9.5 pg/ml on average) were found in the sera from normal individ
J Immunol. 1990 Dec 15;145(12):4065-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91079486
Jewett A; Giorgi JV; Bonavida B; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UCLA School of; Medicine 90024.
Cytotoxic effector cells like cytotoxic T cells, NK cells, monocytes/macrophages, and neutrophils can lyse directly HIV-infected or HIV-coated cells in the absence or presence of anti-HIV antibodies. Therefore, these cytotoxic mechanisms can be invoked either in the control of HIV infection at early stages of the dise
J Immunol. 1990 Dec 15;145(12):4348-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91079526
Tong-Starksen SE; Welsh TM; Peterlin BM; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine,; University of California San Francisco, 94143.
T cell activation results in high levels of HIV replication and is thought to be one mechanism leading to the conversion from latent to active viral infection. In HIV-1, the sequences that respond to these signaling events are found in the long terminal repeat (LTR) and comprise the transcriptional enhancer, which con
Stadler R; Bratzke B; Schaart F; Orfanos CE; Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Steglitz,; Free University of Berlin, F.R.G.
Interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) has been shown to be effective in treating HIV-associated KS in at least 30% of patients, and Zidovudine has proved beneficial for AIDS patients. Moreover, both drugs have demonstrated an inhibitory effect on HIV replication. Based on the above, we combined IFN-alpha and zidovudine for tre
Rybojad M; Borradori L; Verola O; Zeller J; Puissant A; Morel P; Dermatologic Clinic, University of Paris VII, France.
In the treatment of the classical and endemic African forms of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS), radiation therapy and chemotherapy have been widely used with varying degrees of success and morbidity. We here report our preliminary experiences with low doses of recombinant interferon alfa-2b (rIFN alpha-2b) in the treatment of t
Williams AB; Clinical Nurse Scholars Program, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
This qualitative, exploratory study investigated knowledge about perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and perceptions of the childbearing role among women at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) through injection drug use. Content analysis was used to analyze the results of 21 fac
Visvesvara GS; Stehr-Green JK; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, U.S.; Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Small free-living amebas belonging to the genera Acanthamoeba and Naegleria occur world-wide. They have been isolated from a variety of habitats including fresh water, thermal discharges of power plants, soil, sewage and also from the nose and throats of patients with respiratory illness as well as healthy persons. Al
Casale E; Wenisch E; He XM; Righetti PG; Snyder RS; Jungbauer A; Tauer C; Ruker F; Carter DC; Space Science Laboratory, Marshall Space Flight Center,; Huntsville, AL 35812.
A monoclonal IgG antibody directed against gp 41 from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) has been crystallized in both intact and Fab forms. Crystals of the intact antibody grow as tetragonal-like prisms too small for conventional X-ray analysis. However, the Fab portion of the antibody produces suitable plate-l
Burkett W; Brown LS Jr; Division of Evaluation and Medical Affairs, Addiction Research; and Treatment Corporation, Brooklyn, New York 11201.
Drug treatment programs represent a point of access to intravenous drug abusers and, as such, may also be useful in monitoring health status indicators among this population. Such a surveillance project was established in 1985 among drug treatment clinics in New York City to monitor the human immunodeficiency virus (H
Sera of 1980 homo- and bisexual men who visited the Landesinstitut fur Tropenmedizin Berlin (West) between April 1983 and December 1987 were tested for HIV antibodies; 24.3% were positive. Of HIV-antibody-positive men, 78.9% reported both active and passive anal intercourse, 58.8%, rectal enemas, and 53.3%, use of but
Isono T; Ogawa K; Seto A; Department of Microbiology, Shiga University of Medical Science,; Ohtsu, Japan.
The antiviral effect of zidovudine was examined in an experimental model of adult T cell leukemia in rabbits. AZT retarded the growth of HTLV-I-transformed rabbit cell line (F647a) and inhibited the transformation of normal peripheral blood lymphocyte
Goldstein J; San Francisco Headache Clinic, California.
Because the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus is neurotropic, physicians will continue to see a rise in the number of neurologic complications of this syndrome. Much of this increase will be accompanied by headache, not only as a primary symptom of HIV infection or opportunistic disease but also as a res
Bye MR; Bernstein LJ; Glaser J; Kleid D; Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Albert Einstein College; of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York 10461.
We present our experience with 54 episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in 50 young children with AIDS, all but one representing congenitally acquired infection. Findings at history and physical examination are not helpful in suggesting the diagnosis. The diagnosis is suggested by marked hypoxemia, diffuse diseas
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has become one of the most important public health issues in America. This study examined the attitudes of 300 radiographers toward the medical and social issues of AIDS. Respondents supported disclosure of AIDS results to persons having contact with AIDS patients and mandato
Grant I; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego; 92093.
With the advent of HIV infection, a new causal group of neurobehavioral disorders has emerged. These are the neurogenic and psychogenic neurobehavioral disturbances associated with HIV. Neurogenic disorders are those caused by the direct effects of HIV on the CNS, or by other infectious agents, neoplasms, vascular eve
Jensen BN; Nielsen TL; Lerche B; Jensen TH; Backer V; Mathiesen L; Nielsen JO; Skinhoj P; Department of Infectious Diseases, State University Hospital,; Copenhagen, Denmark.
The effectiveness of biweekly administration of 60 mg aerosolised pentamidine (AP) as secondary prophylaxis against relapse of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was investigated in 45 male AIDS patients. The nebuliser used was an Acorn System 22. In total the patients received AP for a mean period of 13.8 months (3
Meyer RD; Gaut PL; Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center/UCLA School; of Medicine 90048.
The unusual occurrence of a case of indolent Candida albicans pyarthrosis arising as a late complication in a 57-year-old male patient with AIDS, despite prior treatment with amphotericin B for candidemia, is reported. The case is discussed in the context of candidal pyarthrosis and of the rarely reported other fungal
Von Roenn JH; Murphy RL; Wegener N; Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, IL 60611.
Cachexia is a common problem in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Megestrol acetate, an agent used for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, is associated with appetite stimulation and weight gain. To determine whether this drug might benefit HIV-positive patients, 22 such subjects (14d
Hellerstein MK; Kahn J; Mudie H; Viteri F; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California,; Berkeley 94720.
Relationships between nutrition and infection are generally complex, bidirectional, and not perfectly worked out. Healthy people can adapt to simple decreases in intake or increases in expenditure. However, the imposition of infection with associated cytokines may impair such adaptations, resulting in wasting of lean d
Singapore Med J. 1990 Oct;31(5):477-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91081836
Chan RK; National Skin Centre, Singapore.
HIV infection produces a spectrum of illness from totally asymptomatic infection to AIDS. In between these two extremes, infected persons may manifest a variety of signs and symptoms. These include an acute infectious mononucleosis-like illness, progressive generalised lymphadenopathy, and numerous cutaneous and oral d
Leslie C; Center for Science & Culture, University of Delaware, Newark; 19716.
The scholars who use Social Science & Medicine in their research and teaching, who publish their work in it, participate in its peer review of manuscripts, and attend its conferences belong to various nationalities, disciplines, and cultural traditions. Our common enterprise originated in and depends upon liberal d
Westermann VA; Muller RP; Adler M; Bendick C; Rasokat H; Klinik und Poliklinik fur Strahlentherapie, Universitat zu; Koln.
From August 1986 to May 1989, 15 patients suffering from Kaposi s sarcoma and serologically proven HIV infections were treated in the Department of Radiotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Hospital. All patients were male and homosexual. Therapeutic objectives were palliation of pain and functional impairment as w
Degremont A; Lorenz N; Schweizer Tropeninstitut, Basel.
During the last years, imported diseases have become more frequent in Switzerland . This is easily explained by the enormous increase of tourism to tropical and subtropical countries. Immigration from these countries has equally seen an important augmentation. The principal imp
Frei M; Baltes R; St. Francis Hospital, Ifakara, Tansania.
In developing countries, AIDS is transmitted in essentially the same way as other sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore the spread of AIDS is also associated with travel. Unfortunately, it is still very difficult to assess the distribution of the infection, especially in developing countries, because in these count
Gimenez S; Bagheri H; Marchou B; Massip P; Lafont J; Sorbette F; Armengaud M; Montastruc JL; Hotel Dieu, Toulouse.
A therapeutic committee was established in Toulouse Regional University Hospital in order to prescribe zidovudine in patients suffering from AIDS. Using an informatic card, the side effects were evaluated in the 125 patients treated by Zidovudine since the creation of the Committee (from July 1987 to January 1989). Zi
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1990 May-Jun;84(3):336-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91082140
Muller O; Moser R; League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Geneva,; Switzerland.
The relation between Plasmodium falciparum malaria and symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection was investigated in paediatric and adult patients in Kampala, Uganda , from 1987 to 1989. Both infections contributed largely to hospital morbidity. Of 1527 clinically
Mukiibi JM; Paul B; Field SP; Lloyd SE; Department of Haematology, Godfrey Huggins School of Medicine,; University of Zimbabwe, Harare.
Of the 120 haemophiliacs diagnosed in Zimbabwe in 8 years, haemophilia A and Christmas disease accounted for 90% and 10% respectively (i.e. a ratio of 9:1). Although the clinical and laboratory parameters were essentially similar to those previously described in Caucasian, Africa
Kool HE; Bloemkolk D; Reeve PA; Danner SA; Department of Medicine (AIDS Unit), University Hospital,; University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The incidence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Malawi is one of the highest in Central Africa. Since tuberculosis is an important initial manifestations of the disease, consecutive patients admitted to the tuberculosis (TB) wards of Zomba General Hospital, Malawi
Am J Pathol. 1990 Dec;137(6):1365-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91082916
Beschorner WE; Baughman K; Turnicky RP; Hutchins GM; Rowe SA; Kavanaugh-McHugh AL; Suresch DL; Herskowitz A; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Autopsy studies of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) patients showed a high incidence of myocarditis. To attain a better understanding of the pathogenesis, the pathology and immunopathology of nine endomyocardial biopsies with active myocarditis from 18 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients wer
Arch Sex Behav. 1990 Oct;19(5):517-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91083479
Winslow RW; Rumbaut RG; Hwang J; San Diego State University, California 92182-0383.
A social reactivist study was conducted of the responses of 563 students enrolled in a Southern California university compared with those of a random sample of 1002 Californians telephone-polled by the California Poll. The study focused on AIDS-phobia, the fear of getting AIDS or the AIDS virus, HIV, from casual conta
Bol Asoc Med P R. 1990 Aug;82(8):340-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91083761
Reyes-Iglesias Y; Melendez-Feliciano R; Garayalde-Cotroneo G; Noriega-Sanchez A; Neurology Department, University of Puerto Rico School of; Medicine, San Juan.
The development of neurologic deficits confined to the corticospinal tracts has been referred as Primary Lateral Sclerosis (PLS). Through the years, this diagnosis has remained uncertain. In this study we describe seven patients with chronic involvement of the pyramidal system. Two of these patients had serologic evid
Braddick MR; Kreiss JK; Embree JB; Datta P; Ndinya-Achola JO; Pamba H; Maitha G; Roberts PL; Quinn TC; Holmes KK; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
In a case-control study of 177 HIV-seropositive and 326 seronegative women and their newborns in Nairobi, Kenya , maternal HIV infection at term was independently associated with travel to other African countries [odds ratio (OR) 4.9, P less than 0.0001], history of a blood transfusi
Zaccarelli M; Rezza G; Girardi E; Puro V; Pezzotti P; Lelli V; Narciso P; AIDS Unit USL-RM10, Rome, Italy.
To examine the incidence and prevalence of HIV infection, we studied a large sample of intravenous drug users (IVDUs) attending a drug dependency unit in Rome over the period 1985-1989. The annual prevalence of HIV antibodies remained stable over the 5-year period. However, a seroconversion study conducted on 302 subj
Herlitz C; Brorsson B; Department of Social Medicine, University of Uppsala, Sweden.
In order to assess changes in knowledge, attitudes and behaviour related to AIDS, annual mail surveys (1986-1989) were sent to random samples of the general public, aged 16-44 years. In total, 16,900 individuals were sampled, with an average response rate of 71%. Knowledge about the major routes of infection was gener
Smith D; Davies S; Nelson M; Youle M; Gleeson J; Gazzard B; Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
Eflornithine (DFMO) was used to treat 31 AIDS patients with confirmed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who had clinically failed treatment with pentamidine, sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim or both agents as their first-line therapy. Twenty-one of 31 (68%) responded to second-line treatment with 400mg/kg per day of eflorn
Martin V; Bayas JM; Laliga A; Pumarola T; Vidal J; Jimenez de Anta MT; Salleras L; Servei de Sanitat Penitenciaria, Departament de Justicia,; Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
A seroepidemiological study of HIV-1 infection was carried out among all the subjects who were imprisoned in a correctional centre in Catalonia ( Spain ) between October 1987 and April 1988. Six hundred and thirty-one inmates (male, mean age 19.1 +/- 1.7 years) were surveyed. The over
Reisinger EC; Vogetseder W; Berzow D; Kofler D; Bitterlich G; Lehr HA; Wachter H; Dierich MP; Institute of Hygiene, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
To assess the role of complement and complement receptors in HIV-1 infection of monocytes and macrophages, we studied the infectivity of HIV-1, isolated from the peripheral blood of a patient with subacute AIDS-related encephalopathy, on the human monoblastoid cell line U937. HIV-1 and HIV-1-infected cells were capabl
Gilks CF; Brindle RJ; Otieno LS; Bhatt SM; Newnham RS; Simani PM; Lule GN; Okelo GB; Watkins WM; Waiyaki PG; et al; Clinical Research Centre, Kenya Medical Research Institute,; Nairobi.
We studied 506 consecutive adult acute medical admissions to hospital in Nairobi; 95 (18.8%) were seropositive for HIV-1, and 43 new cases of active tuberculosis (TB) were identified. TB was clearly associated with HIV infection, occurring in 17.9% of seropositive patients compared with 6.3% of seronegatives [odds rat
Gaines H; von Sydow MA; von Stedingk LV; Biberfeld G; Bottiger B; Hansson LO; Lundbergh P; Sonnerborg AB; Wasserman J; Strannegaard OO; Virological Department, Central Microbiological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Homosexual men with symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection displayed a pronounced lymphopaenia with significantly depressed numbers of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells and B cells during the first week of illness. Subsequently, the CD8+ cell counts rose in parallel with numbers of CD3+ cells, atypical lymphocytes and activated
Ryder RW; Ndilu M; Hassig SE; Kamenga M; Sequeira D; Kashamuka M; Francis H; Behets F; Colebunders RL; Dopagne A; et al; Project SIDA, Department of Public Health, Kinshasa, Zaire.
To better understand the reasons why up to 80% of all HIV-1 infections in Zaire , but less than 5% in North America and Europe, are acquired through heterosexual transmission, and to assess the impact of HIV-1 infection on a large urban African workforce, we enrolled 7068 male empl
Miotti PG; Dallabetta G; Ndovi E; Liomba G; Saah AJ; Chiphangwi J; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and; Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
The major goals of this study were to measure the current prevalence and estimate the annual incidence of HIV-1 infection in young pregnant women from urban Malawi , to identify factors that were associated with HIV-1 infection, and to examine adverse pregnancy outcomes. Four hundre
Ostrow DG; VanRaden MJ; Fox R; Kingsley LA; Dudley J; Kaslow RA; Howard Brown Memorial Clinic, Northwestern University Medical; School, Chicago, Illinois.
The relationship between use of recreational drugs and high-risk (HIV-transmitting) homosexual behavior was examined in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) population. Among the 3916 men who completed both the baseline (1984) and first 6-month follow-up evaluations and were sexually active during the 6 months pri
Norman SE; Chediak AD; Kiel M; Cohn MA; Sleep Disorders Center, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach,; Florida 33140.
To provide a better understanding of the etiology of subjective sleep complaints in HIV-infected individuals, a study to evaluate sleep/wake disturbances in 10 healthy HIV-infected male volunteers was performed. All subjects were HIV-infected but had no history of AIDS-related infections, and considered clinically asy
Casoli C; Magnani G; Schianchi C; Barchi E; Bertazzoni U; Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universita di Parma, Italy.
The levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA) were determined in the erythrocytes of 10 patients with sexually transmitted HIV-1 infection [five cases with AIDS-related complex (ARC) and five with AIDS] before and after therapy with zidovudine (azidothymidine;
Snell JJ; Supran EM; Esparza J; Tamashiro H; Division of Microbiological Reagents and Quality Control, Central; Public Health Laboratory, Colindale, London, UK.
A serum panel comprising 19 samples of known (five positives and 14 negatives) but undisclosed HIV-1-antibody content was distributed to 30 national reference laboratories for HIV serology. In order to simulate normal circumstances of referral, participants were asked to test the panel for HIV-1-antibody status using
Krueger LE; Wood RW; Diehr PH; Maxwell CL; Seattle King County Department of Public Health, AIDS Prevention; Projection, Washington 98101.
We analyzed demographic and behavioral risk factors for HIV seropositivity using data from 3601 clients of the main HIV counseling and testing clinic for high-risk people in Seattle, Washington, USA. Clients with lower income were found to be more likely to be HIV seropositive, before and after controlling for other d
Br Dent J. 1990 Nov 10;169(9):295-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91084171
Scully C; Epstein JB; Porter S; Luker J; Centre for the Study of Oral Diseases, University Department of; Oral Medicine, Surgery and Pathology, Bristol Dental Hospital and; School.
Oral problems are often the first significant clinical manifestations of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Their early recognition affords the best opportunity for effective therapeutic intervention of HIV infection and opportunistic infections, as well as for oral health education in order to avoid f
Ann Oncol. 1990;1(3):203-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91084281
Monfardini S; Vaccher E; Foa R; Tirelli U; Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Pordenone, Italy.
Because of growing evidence that there are differences in the natural history of HIV infection in intravenous drug users (IVDU) and homosexual men, the clinicopathological features and response to treatment of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin s lymphomas (NHL) were analyzed in 150 cases (96 IVDU and 31 homosexual men) by the
Brunt AM; Phillips RH; Stanford Cade Department of Radiotherapy, Westminster Hospital,; London.
AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma is often treated by local therapy for physically or cosmetically disabling symptoms. We present the first case of a bulbar conjunctival Kaposi s sarcoma lesion to be treated with a strontium-90 ophthalmic applicator. The treatment is simple, effective and well tolerated and we recommend t
Biochemistry. 1990 Aug 28;29(34):7786-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91084436
South TL; Blake PR; Sowder RC 3d; Arthur LO; Henderson LE; Summers MF; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland; Baltimore County 21228.
The role of zinc in retroviral gag protein function has been addressed through the application of high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to samples of the nucleocapsid protein (NCP, p7) isolated directly from infectious HIV-1 particles. Unlike reports for the NCP from avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV)
Biochemistry. 1990 Aug 28;29(34):7917-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91084454
Rafalski M; Lear JD; DeGrado WF; Central Research and Development Department, E. I. du Pont de; Nemours & Company, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0328.
Peptides representing the N-terminal 23 residues of the surface protein gp41 of LAV1a and LAVmal strains of the human immunodeficiency virus were synthesized and their interactions with phospholipid vesicles studied. The peptides are surface-active and penetrate lipid monolayers composed of negatively charged but not
BMJ. 1990 Nov 24;301(6762):1183-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91084648
Rutherford GW; Lifson AR; Hessol NA; Darrow WW; O'Malley PM; Buchbinder SP; Barnhart JL; Bodecker TW; Cannon L; Doll LS; et al; Department of Public Health, City and County of San Francisco,; California 94102.
OBJECTIVE--To characterise the natural history of sexually transmitted HIV-I infection in homosexual and bisexual men. DESIGN--Cohort study. SETTING--San Francisco municipal sexually transmitted disease clinic. PATIENTS--Cohort included 6705 homosexual and bisexual men originally recruited from 1978 to 1980 for studie
Beginning in the middle of the 1980s, there was an alarming rise in the number of drug-exposed newborns that was directly attributable to the rise in the abuse of cocaine and its highly addictive smokeable derivative, known as crack, by pregnant women. Crack babies have now become a major national problem.
Tsaihong JC; Ma P; Department of Parasitology, National Yang-Ming Medical College,; Taipei, Taiwan.
A total of 342 patients, 70 with AIDS and 272 without AIDS, who had gastro-intestinal illness were selected for tests for cryptosporidiosis. Stool and serum specimens were obtained from each patient. The stool specimens were examined for cryptosporidial oocysts by acid-fast stain and the serum specimens were tested fo
FEBS Lett. 1990 Nov 26;275(1-2):146-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91085548
Moritz D; Dirckx L; Mous J; Schneider J; Central Research Units, F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd., Basel,; Switzerland.
Soluble CD4-immunoglobulin chimeric proteins were covalently attached to CNBr-activated Sepharose. This affinity matrix was used to establish a powerful new method to isolate different species of the HIV external glycoprotein gp120 from cell-free culture supernatants. Recombinant gp120 was expressed in Baculovirus-inf
Ullrich R; Zeitz M; Heise W; L'age M; Ziegler K; Bergs C; Riecken EO; Department of Medicine, Klinikum Steglitz, Free University of; Berlin.
Gastrointestinal symptoms and malabsorption are frequent in HIV-infected patients even in the absence of opportunistic infections. In earlier studies we found indications that the gastrointestinal mucosa itself may be affected by HIV. Since there is evidence that the mucosal structure is influenced by changes in the g
Dozor RB; Meece KS; Family Practice Residency Program, Community Hospital, Santa; Rosa, CA 95404.
AIDS, more than most diseases, evokes compelling and tragic stories. The AIDS epidemic is The Plague. We seek the optimally therapeutic relationship, embodied in the metaphor of the covenant. There is a fundamental human possibility of healing through dying. Death teaches us to live. We advocate asking AIDS patients t
Int J Cardiol. 1990 Oct;29(1):35-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91085956
van Hoeven KH; Segal B; Factor SM; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY 10461.
Consecutive autopsies of 59 male AIDS patients revealed that 21 had other myocardial risk factors: 17 were alcohol abusers and 6 had hypertension or coronary artery disease. AIDS patients with these myocardial risk factors were older (mean age 45 versus 35 years, P less than 0.01), and were more likely to have cardiom
Int J Epidemiol. 1990 Sep;19(3):693-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91086013
Moses S; Bradley JE; Nagelkerke NJ; Ronald AR; Ndinya-Achola JO; Plummer FA; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
To ascertain whether male circumcision might explain some of the geographical variation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence in Africa, we investigated the association between the practice of male circumcision at a societal level and HIV seroprevalence. Male circumcision practices for over 700 African
Agius G; Kolesnitchenko V; Snart R; Zagury JF; Laaroubi K; Zagury D; Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Universite Pierre et; Marie Curie, Paris, France.
DNA isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-1 seropositive individuals was used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of gag and envelope regions. Eight aliquots of the amplified DNA fragments have been subjected to Southern/dot blot analysis, hybridizing with 32P-labelled-BH10 (HIV-1 s
Sample S; Chernoff DN; Lenahan GA; Serwonska MH; Rangi S; Sherman JW; Sooy CD; Hollander H; Goetzl EJ; Department of Medicine, University of California Medical Center,; San Francisco.
Forty-five homosexual male subjects with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, who received care during a 4-month period in an ambulatory center for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), were classified according to their principal presentation with characteristic secondary infections (CDC group IV C, N =
Mittman RJ; Bernstein DI; Adler TR; Korbee L; Nath V; Gallagher JS; Bernstein IL; Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center,; Ohio.
A 24-year-old white woman reported sexual intercourse-related pruritus, hives, wheezing, and dyspnea within 5 minutes after ejaculation. Systemic reactions (SRs) were prevented by use of condoms. Prick testing confirmed sensitization to five Sephadex G-100-separated fractions of her husband s seminal plasma. The intra
J La State Med Soc. 1990 Nov;142(11):31-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91086806
Holdiness MR; Lakeside Hospital, Metairie, LA 70001.
Atypical mycobacterial infections play an important role in human pathogenicity. Mycobacterium avium complex has been reported to occur in 17% to 50% of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus. In the southwestern United States , Mycobacterium kansasii is reported to be a
Ellaurie M; Rubinstein A; Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, NY.
Serum concentrations of beta-2-microglobulin (B2-M) were correlated with disease outcome in 40 children infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. Serum B2-M serum concentrations below 3.0 mg/100 ml or decreasing concentrations were indicative of a stable disease course but were also noted preterminally in lymphope
Mod Pathol. 1990 Nov;3(6):659-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91088517
Said JW; Sassoon AF; Shintaku IP; Corcoran P; Nichols SW; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai; Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
bcl-2 is a marker for the translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) indicative of follicular B-cell lymphoma. We studied 115 cases of lymphoproliferative disease with the polymerase chain reaction for bcl-2 oncogene using biotin and radiolabeled probes to the major breakpoint and minor cluster regions. Twenty-three percent of B
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):10015-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91088535
Gojobori T; Moriyama EN; Kimura M; National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
Evolution of viral genes is characterized by enormously high speed compared with that of nuclear genes of eukaryotic organisms. In this paper, the evolutionary rates and patterns of base substitutions are examined for retroviral oncogenes, human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), hepatitis B viruses (HBV), and influenza
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9660-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91088572
Cheng YS; Yin FH; Foundling S; Blomstrom D; Kettner CA; Central Research and Development Department, E.I. du Pont de; Nemours and Co., Wilmington, DE 19880-0328.
A single-chain tethered dimer of human immunodeficiency virus protease (HIV-PR) was produced by expression of a synthetic gene in Escherichia coli. The tethered dimer, which consists of two 99-amino acid HIV-PR subunits linked together by a pentapeptide, was isolated from inclusion bodies and refolded as an active pro
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9943-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91088627
Staal FJ; Roederer M; Herzenberg LA; Herzenberg LA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine,; CA 94305.
The activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) has been implicated in the regulation of transcription of a variety of genes and has been shown to be essential for the expression of genes controlled by the long terminal repeat of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV LTR). We show here that intracellular thiol level
Young M; Henderson MM; Marx D; Health Science Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville; 72701.
Nursing students (N = 124) voluntarily completed a questionnaire designed to measure attitudes towards patients with AIDS. The questionnaire included one of two vignettes, a prejudicial evaluation scale, and the Index of Homophobia. Results indicate that nursing students expressed a significantly more negative attitud
Sandstrom A; Wall S; Department of Epidemiology and Health Care Research, University; of Umea, Sweden.
Health research and planning need valid data for decision making. In a developing country cost-effectiveness in research design is of special significance. In such situations, population-based data are needed. This paper reviews the literature on HIV/AIDS studies published during 1982-88 with respect to epidemiologica
Jessamine PG; Plummer FA; Ndinya Achola JO; Wainberg MA; Wamola I; D'Costa LJ; Cameron DW; Simonsen JN; Plourde P; Ronald AR; University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Epidemiologic studies in Nairobi and elsewhere in Africa, have shown that men infected with HIV-1 more commonly have a history of genital ulcer disease compared to uninfected men. In one study, HIV infected men were three times as likely to have a recent history of genital ulcers. In a prospective study of seronegativ
Gupta S; Anderson RM; Parasite Epidemiology Research Group, Imperial College, London; University, UK.
The paper describes the development of an age-structured model of the transmission dynamics of HIV-1 in a male homosexual population with age-dependent rates of sexual partner acquisition, and explores the properties of the model by means of numerical methods. Age-dependency in rates of sexual partner change acts to i
Wigzell H; Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Sexually transmitted infectious diseases continue to be an important threat and has through the appearance of HIV-AIDS increased in significance. In the present article a brief survey is made in relation to whether STDs present unusual problems to the immune system when vaccines are considered. The conclusion is that
Piot P; Tezzo R; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine,; Antwerp, Belgium.
As for several other infectious diseases, sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in many developing countries are characterized by a high incidence and prevalence, a high rate of complications and sequelae (particularly in women and neonates), a different clinical spectrum (more genital ulcer disease), and a severe probl
Bergstrom S; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital,; Uppsala, Sweden.
Genital infections in impoverished countries take a heavy toll both in the etiology of childlessness and in pregnancy-related morbidity, both for the carrier (mother) and the passenger (fetus/newborn). Tubal damage is by far the most common single etiology in cases of childlessness. Among the three factors principally
Sex Transm Dis. 1990 Oct-Dec;17(4):169-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91089122
Lee JH; Branan L; Hoff GL; Datwyler ML; Bayer WL; Health Department, City of Kansas City, Missouri 64109.
Universal, voluntary testing for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was offered to 17,092 eligible clients attending a public sexually transmitted disease clinic between March, 1988 and June, 1989. In an environment of legally mandated reporting and partner notification, 15,649 (91.6%) clients were t
Sex Transm Dis. 1990 Oct-Dec;17(4):190-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91089126
Schoenbaum EE; Webber MP; Vermund S; Gayle H; Department of Epidemiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert; Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467.
An anonymous human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence survey was performed on bloods sent for syphilis serologic testing from the general medical or pediatric clinics or emergency room of a municipal hospital in the Bronx, New York City. From July-December 1987, 549 sera from persons aged 15-54 were collected
Sex Transm Dis. 1990 Oct-Dec;17(4):194-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91089127
Erickson B; Wasserheit JN; Rompalo AM; Brathwaite W; Glasser D; Hook EW 3d; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Baltimore; City Health Department, MD 21202.
Since January 25, 1988, the Baltimore City Health Department has offered routine, confidential, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing to clients of the city s two sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics. During the first 11 months of the program, testing was offered at 20,843 patient visits and was accepted at
Craske J; Turner A; Abbott R; Collier M; Gunson HH; Lee D; Martlew V; Howell P; Love E; Public Health Laboratory, Withington Hospital, Manchester, UK.
In a 2-year study of false-positive anti-HIV-1 tests in blood donors at Manchester and Lancaster Blood Banks, the reactions associated with a HIV-infected cell lysate antigen were compared with those using recombinant-antigen-based tests. In year 1 (cell lysate test) at Manchester BTS 0.21% of 119.178 donations were r
Am J Med Sci. 1990 Dec;300(6):345-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090151
Lamb R; Gonzalez R; Myers A; Bunn P Jr; Robinson W; Quillen-Dishner College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee.
The authors performed this retrospective study to further investigate the relationship between non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). From January 1984 through December 1987 all cases of AIDS and NHL diagnosed at the University of Colorado a
Am J Med Sci. 1990 Dec;300(6):383-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090158
Bordelon TR; Burton GV; Grafton WD; Mills GM; Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Medical; Center, Shreveport 71130-3932.
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) is a predominantly cutaneous malignancy with several clinical variants. Extracutaneous sites of involvement are uncommon in all disease variants except epidemic KS (human immunodeficiency virus related) and the African lymphadenopathic variant. Extracutaneous KS usually involves the lymph nodes,
Kapita B; Colebunders R; Lusakumunu K; Henry MC; Departement de Medecine Interne, Hopital Mama Yemo, Kinshasa,; Zaire.
Opportunistic parasitic infections are diagnosed more and more often in African patients with AIDS. Cryptosporidiosis is the most frequent with a prevalence between 7 and 31%. The prevalence of Isospora belli is between 5 and 19% and that of strongyloidiasis between 2 and 5%, depending on the authors. These parasitic
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1073-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/M62320
Oram JD; Downing RG; Roff M; Clegg JC; Serwadda D; Carswell JW; Division of Pathology, PHLS Centre for Applied Microbiology and; Research, Salisbury, England.
A Ugandan isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), designated U455, was adapted to growth in U937 cells, the provirus cloned into the lambda L47.1 vector, and its DNA sequence determined. The sequences of some of the U455 genes showed a marked divergence from those of North American and other African is
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1079-85. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090982
Zagury JF; Josephs SF; Agius G; Nicol I; Willer A; Kalyanaraman VS; Zagury D; Wong-Staal F; Gallo RC; Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
We have previously described the cloning and sequencing of a novel stain of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) called HIV-2NIH-Z. A plasmid clone, pHIV2Z, containing the full-length provirus has now been constructed, and virus particles have been obtained upon transfection into COS-1 and H-9 cells. These part
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1099-105. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090984
Cheingsong-Popov R; Panagiotidi C; Ali M; Bowcock S; Watkins P; Aronstam A; Wassef M; Weber J; Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Postgraduate Medical; School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England.
A sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunoassay for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nef gene product, p27, has been developed using recombinant Escherichia coli-derived protein from the LAV-1-Bru sequence. Of 92 HIV-1 infected hemophiliacs, 72 (78%) produced anti-nef antibodies in this
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1131-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090988
Warren JT; McMahon JB; Weislow OS; Gulakowski RJ; Kiser RF; Boyd MR; Program Development Research Group (PDRG), National Cancer; Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center; (NCI-FCRDC), MD 21701.
We have used interactive laser cytometry to investigate the expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoproteins gp160, gp41, gp120, and the core protein p24 in the HIV-infected human lymphocyte cell lines H-9, CEM-SS, and C8166. This method allowed for the ultrasensitive detection of fluorescence s
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1139-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090989
Busso ME; Resnick L; Yang BH; Mian AM; Department of Retrovirology Research, Mount Sinai Medical Center,; Miami Beach, FL 33140.
The antiviral activity, uptake, and metabolism of 2 ,3 -dideoxyguanosine was investigated in human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV) infected and noninfected human cells. 2 ,3 -Dideoxyguanosine had anti-HIV activity (effective dose 50%: 0.1-1.0 microM) in H-9 and MT-2 cells. The addition of excess (greater than or equal t
AIDS Educ Prev. 1990 Fall;2(3):235-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91091035
Leukefeld CG; Battjes RJ; Amsel Z; National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 20857.
Drug abusers currently represent almost 30% of AIDS cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control. Intravenous drug abusers have been recognized as a major vector for the spread of HIV to the general public. Considering the high levels of AIDS risk behaviors among intravenous drug abusers, prevention efforts to re
Boyle MJ; Swanson CE; Turner JJ; Thompson IL; Roberts J; Penny R; Cooper DA; Centre for Immunology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected person is an AIDS-defining condition. There is both an increased incidence of NHL and a poorer prognosis for the disease in these HIV-infected persons, compared with patients who spontaneously develop NHL. A series of 41 consecutive patients w
Blood. 1990 Dec 15;76(12):2476-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91091486
Molina JM; Scadden DT; Sakaguchi M; Fuller B; Woon A; Groopman JE; Division of Hematology/Oncology, New England Deaconess Hospital,; Boston, MA 02215.
The pathogenesis of the hematologic abnormalities commonly observed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is incompletely understood. We report here that in vitro growth of myeloid (CFU-GM) and erythroid (BFU-E) progenitor cells from six patients with AIDS was not significantly different from that
One of the methadone programmes of the Amsterdam Municipal Health Service is the methadone by bus project. Two mobile clinics cruise the city, stopping at six different locations daily. The liquid methadone is consumed on the spot and clean needles and condoms are available. This project is based on the principles o
Oppenheimer E; Sheehan M; Taylor C; Addiction Research Unit, National Addiction Centre, London, UK.
In a 2.5-5 year follow-up study of 150 drug misusers who were new to treatment at three London Drug Treatment agencies, a 77% follow-up rate was obtained. High rates of self-reported abstinence from opiates and other drugs were found. Some 37% of those followed-up were totally drug free at follow-up. Seventy-one per c
Strang J; Young A; Drug Dependence Clinical Research and Treatment Unit, Maudsley; Hospital, London, UK.
An historical account is presented of the introduction and subsequent work of the Drug Advisory Service (DAS) of England and Wales since 1986. Data are presented from an analysis of the recommendations contained within the first 11 reports. The structural and operational strengths and weaknesses of the present approac
Broderick PA; Krinsley JS; Department of Pathology, St. Joseph Medical Center, Stamford.
While Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) classically present with rather typical skin lesions in elderly Jewish and Italian males, visceral lesions are also well documented. More recently the occurrence of this disease in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is being recognized with increasing frequency. Th
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1990 Nov;26(3):265-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092173
Thomas RM; Plant MA; Plant ML; Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K.
During 1988 and 1989 self-reported data were obtained from 206 males and three females who had paid for physical sexual services. Respondents were contacted by snowballing, mainly with the assistance of sex workers. The study group reported that both alcohol and illicit drug use were commonplace during their contact w
Hunt AJ; Christofinis G; Coxon AP; Davies PM; McManus TJ; Sutherland S; Weatherburn P; Department of Social Sciences, South Bank Polytechnic, London.
A non-clinic cohort of 525 homosexually active men from London and South Wales were recruited in 1988 for a study by interview of sexual behaviour. A sample of blood was tested for HIV-1 antibodies. Seropositivity in London was 9.2% compared with 3.4% in South Wales. Men who were not regular STD clinic attenders had a
Hay PE; Clarke JR; Taylor-Robinson D; Goldmeier D; Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect Treponema pallidum DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with and without syphilis. The CSF from 10 of 19 patients with positive serological tests for syphilis who were being investigated for late syphilis were treponemal DNA-positive. In contrast, the
Estreich S; Forster GE; Robinson A; Ambrose King Centre, Royal London Hospital, UK.
From 1 January 1986 to 1 September 1989 124 women presented to the Ambrose King Centre (the department of genitourinary medicine of the London Hospital) alleging rape. Sexually transmitted diseases were found in 36 (29%) women (excluding candidosis and bacterial vaginosis). The commonest organisms detected were Neisse
Goorney BP; Lacey H; Thurairajasingam S; Brown JD; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Hope Hospital, University; of Manchester School of Medicine, Salford, UK.
The development of an osteonecrotic (avascular necrosis) hip joint in a patient with symptomatic CDC Stage 1V C2 disease is reported. The diagnosis was aided by radiological assessment and confirmed by radioisotope bone scan. This case serves as yet another musculoskeletal manifestation in association with HIV infecti
Ogata M; Iwasaki M; Kubo S; Nakasono I; Suyama H; Kinoshita K; Ikeda S; Momida S; Ichimaru M; Department of Legal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of; Medicine, Japan.
The serum Gc, Hp and alpha 2HS phenotypes were examined in 64 subjects known to have the human T-lymphotropic leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection and in 60 uninfected subjects. There were no significant differences in the distributions of Gc, Hp and alpha 2HS phenotype and allele frequencies between any grouping
Kaplan C; Muller JY; Doinel C; Lefrere JJ; Paquez F; Rouger P; Salmon D; Salmon C; Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.
No difference in HLA-A, B or DR gene frequencies could be observed between 172 control subjects and 180 HIV-1-seropositive subjects of European ancestry diagnosed through the systematic screening of blood donations. In contrast, progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS; 21 patients) or CD4 lymphocyte l
Int J Addict. 1990 Jun;25(6):621-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092723
Leukefeld CG; Tims FM; Division of Clinical Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse,; Rockville, Maryland 20857.
Using research which shows treatment to be effective in reducing intravenous drug abuse, and the importance of retention in treatment as a determinant of outcome, compulsory treatment is examined and a set of policy and research recommendations are developed. Particularly, civil commitment and court diversion programs
Int J Health Serv. 1990;20(4):583-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092733
Krieger N; Margo G; Division of Research, Kaiser Foundation Research Institute,; Oakland, CA 94611.
In one short decade, the politics of AIDS has become the politics of survival. In a world whose social order is changing before our eyes, AIDS insistently brings new meaning to the age-old question of what it is we must do to survive--as individuals, as families, as communities, as nations, as members of an interdepen
Int J Health Serv. 1990;20(4):589-99. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092734
Freudenberg N; Center for Community Action to Prevent AIDS, Hunter College, City; University of New York, NY 10010.
AIDS prevention programs in the United States have been relatively successful in providing accurate information on AIDS to a wide cross-section of the population, but less successful in helping people to change their risk behavior. The most significant changes have been reported in urb
Int J Health Serv. 1990;20(4):601-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092735
Drucker E; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore; Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467.
The characteristics and consequences of the AIDS/HIV epidemic in New York City are examined, with special attention to its impact on inner-city communities. The high numbers of AIDS cases are the source of increasing stress on public and community treatment and family and neighborhood networks of support. As the epide
Int J Health Serv. 1990;20(4):617-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092736
Birn AE; Santelli J; Burwell LG; Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
Pediatric AIDS cases constitute approximately 2 percent of total AIDS cases in the United States , but HIV infection and AIDS among children pose a growing concern. Government policies have failed to match the epidemiological reality of the disease. The powerful shapers of public opinio
Int J Psychiatry Med. 1990;20(3):285-92. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092749
Cazzullo CL; Gala C; Martini S; Pergami A; Rossini M; Russo R; Institute of Psychiatry, University of Milan Medical School,; Italy.
Personal and familial psychopathological histories and information about early losses were collected and the results of the locus of control test and tests for psychological responses were determined for a series of ninety-two HIV-infected subjects (58 drug addicts; 26 homosexuals; 8 heterosexuals, partners of drug ad
Henni T; Divine M; Gaulard P; Haioun C; Duc Dodon M; Gourdin MF; Desforges L; Goossens M; Reyes F; Farcet JP; INSERM U 91, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France.
HTLV-I seronegative patients in nonendemic areas have been described with T-cell proliferations the DNA of which contains specific HTLV-I viral sequences. We have looked for the presence of HTLV-I DNA sequences in 27 HTLV-I seronegative patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas, distinct from adult T-cell leukemia (AT
Nurses often have negative beliefs about caring for people with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) that may affect the care given their patients. The relation between these beliefs about caring for clients with AIDS and nurses knowledge about such patient care is studied. A study of 515 registered nurses s
Teno J; Fleishman J; Brock DW; Mor V; Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Providence,; Rhode Island.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the knowledge of, counseling about, and use of prior directives among patients with HIV-related disease. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey with personal interviews that was part of the evaluation of a multi-site AIDS Health Services Program. SETTING: Outpatient clinics and AIDS community-based organ
Med Klin. 1990 Nov 15;85(11):647-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91094735
Plettenberg A; Kern P; Dietrich M; Meigel W; Allgemeines Krankenhaus St. Georg, Abteilung fur Dermatologie,; Hamburg.
47 HIV-positive male patients with cutaneous Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) were treated with recombinant interferon alpha-2A (IFN) in an open, prospective study. 45 patients received 18 million I.U. IFN s.c. daily for the first three months. From the fourth month, the patients received 18 million I.U. IFN s.c. three times wee
Levine C; Dubler NN; Citizens Commission on AIDS for New York City and Northern New; Jersey, NY 10013.
Although most babies born to women with HIV will not develop AIDS, many health professionals and segments of the public object when these women will not forgo pregnancy. Such a view fails to consider fully the cultural, political, and socioeconomic contexts in which seropositive women make reproductive choices. HIV in
Arras JD; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore; Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467.
The risks of perinatal HIV transmission do not currently constitute grounds for morally criticizing the reproductive choices of particular infected women. A contextualized assessment of morally relevant factors might in some cases, however, justify judgments of reproductive irresponsibility. Although no women should b
A literature survey is presented concerning the clinical pattern of early syphilis in subjects infected with HIV. The course of syphilis infection in HIV-positive subjects differs often from the usual one, the clinical picture may be that of the so called malignant syphilis with early development of syphilitic lesions
Res Immunol. 1990 May-Jun;141(4-5):357-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91095760
Devaux C; Boucraut J; Poirier G; Corbeau P; Rey F; Benkirane M; Perarnau B; Kourilsky F; Chermann JC; INSERM-U322, Unite de Recherches sur les Retrovirus et Maladies; Associees, Marseille, France.
We attempted to select monoclonal antibodies (mAb) which reacted with T-cell surface molecules and were able to interfere with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1) replicative cycle in the MT4 T-leukaemic cell line. In comparison with OKT4A, an anti-CD4 mAb, only one mAb, HC11.151.1, was found to significant
Raviglione MC; Department of Medicine, Cabrini Medical Center, New York, New; York.
Over the last 35 years, 50 cases of extrapulmonary infection with Pneumocystis carinii have been reported in the literature throughout the world. Use of prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine may have facilitated the relative prevalence of extrapulmonary disease because of its inadequate systemic distribution. An increa
Ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide) is a broad-spectrum antiviral agent whose molecular mode of action remains remarkably controversial. This antiviral agent was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1986 for use as an aerosol for infants with serious infections due to respir
Raffanti SP; Fyfe B; Carreiro S; Sharp SE; Hyma BA; Ratzan KR; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami, Florida.
A 53-year-old man with AIDS developed mitral valve endocarditis due to infection with the fungus Pseudallescheria boydii. A limited number of cases of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by this organism have been described. We report a unique case of pseudallescheria infection of a native valve and describe this dis
Francis MJ; Department of Virology, Wellcome Biotechnology Ltd., Beckenham,; Kent, U.K.
The technique of vaccination developed over 200 years ago has played a major role in the control and eradication of viral diseases both in man and in animals. Most current viral vaccines are either live attenuated (weakened) or inactivated (killed) products which, despite being highly successful, can have certain limi
Soc Work Health Care. 1990;15(1):45-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096123
Carlton TO; Poole DL; School of Social Work, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond; 23284-2027.
Trends are reviewed in four areas of maternal and child health care: (1) prenatal care; (2) infant mortality; (3) teenage pregnancy; and (4) HIV infected mothers and infants. The purpose of this review is to identify major trends in these programmatic areas, key indicators of physical-social health risk and survival,
Women Health. 1990;16(3-4):155-76. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096458
King D; Graduate School, City University of New York.
Misrepresentation in the media portrays women prostitutes as sexual transmitters of AIDS to men. Yet careful study of the available data shows male-to-female transmission of the HIV virus is the overwhelming mode of heterosexual transmission of AIDS. Content analysis is performed to analyze the role newspaper coverage
Z Arztl Fortbild (Jena). 1990;84(18):909-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096479
Vocks M; Grosch-Worner I; Koch S; Fritz E; Freie Universitat, Universitatsklinikum Rudolf Virchow,; Standort Charlottenburg, Kinderklinik und Poliklinik Kaiserin; Auguste Victoria Haus.
Neuropsychiatric complications in AIDS patients are common and have been reported in many recent articles. The author reviewed the medical charts of 80 patients admitted for AIDS between April 1984 and April 1988 to determine the frequency and nature of psychiatric complications in these patients and to compare these
Gould JL; Department of Biology, Princeton University, NJ 08544.
The visual memory of honey bees is stored pictorially. Bees will accept a mirror-image reversal of a familiar pattern in the absence of the original, but prefer the original over the reversal; the matching system of bees, therefore, does not incorporate a mirror-image ambiguity. Bees will not accept a rotation of a fa
Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:43-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91099251
Brookmeyer R; Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,; MD 21205.
The development of effective disease prevention and treatment programs depends on an understanding of the natural history of disease. A conceptual framework is presented for disease natural history and consists of an asymptomatic period of disease followed by a period of symptomatic disease. The focus is on epidemiolo
Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:77-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91099257
Yanagawa T; Tokudome S; Department of Mathematics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
We developed methods to assess the cancer risks by screening tests. These methods estimate the size of the high risk group adjusted for the characteristics of screening tests and estimate the incidence rates of cancer among the high risk group adjusted for the characteristics of the tests. A method was also developed
Abbruzzese G; Rizzo F; Dall'Agata D; Morandi N; Favale E; Department of Neurology, University of Genoa, Italy.
We report the case of a 36-year-old, drug-addicted woman with laboratory evidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in the central nervous system. The patient presented with generalized dystonia involving both axial and segmental muscles, mainly in the legs, and with minimal additional neurological abnormaliti
Weltfriend S; Friedman-Birnbaum R; Pollack S; Department of Dermatology, Rambam Medical Center, Faculty of; Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa.
Natural killer (NK) cell activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes was evaluated in a group of 13 patients with classical Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). All patients had a normal T4/T8 ratio, and the disease was confined to the skin of the lower extremities. A group of 5 healthy subjects served as controls. NK cell function wa
Dev Med Child Neurol. 1990 Nov;32(11):999-1004. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91099635
Diamond GW; Gurdin P; Wiznia AA; Belman AL; Rubinstein A; Cohen HJ; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Rose F. Kennedy Center,; Children's Evaluation and Rehabilitation Center, Bronx, N.Y.
High rates of neurological complications related to congenital HIV infection have been reported, but often it has been difficult to delineate those clinical impairments specifically related to viral infection of the developing nervous system. The present study attempted to hold causative environmental factors constant
Ratnasabapathy R; Sheldon M; Johal L; Hernandez N; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724.
We describe an unusual element that activates the synthesis of short transcripts from a wide variety of mRNA and small nuclear RNA (snRNA) promoters, including the U6 RNA polymerase III promoter. This inducer of short transcripts (IST) is located between positions -5 and +82 relative to the cap site in the HIV-1 LTR.
Immunol Lett. 1990 Nov;26(2):193-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91099821
Veljkovic V; Metlas R; Laboratory for Multidisciplinary Research, Boris Kidric; Institute, Beograd, Yugoslavia.
The production of neutralizing antibodies against the central portion of HIV-1 gp120 requires cooperation between T cell and B cell epitopes of this region. We found a motif common to the carboxyterminus of the second conserved region of HIV-1 gp120 and sequences of some human proteins, most of which participate in im
Grant M; Johnstone BM; World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
This paper identifies likely important research directions in drug and alcohol studies during the next quarter century. The discussion focuses first on several emergent trends in contemporary research which have the potential to make crucial contributions both to our general understanding of psychoactive substance use
Estebanez Estebanez P; Colomo Gomez C; Zunzunegui Pastor MV; Rua Figueroa M; Perez M; Ortiz C; Heras P; Babin F; Instituto Carlos III, Zona Centro, Ayuntamiento de Madrid.
The spread and risk factors for HIV infection were studied in 288 men and 95 women at the prisons of Carabanchel and Yeserias, Madrid. These men and women requested care at the AIDS prevention program in the jails of Madrid, from April to December 1987. Among the men studied at Carabanchel, 55% were positive to HIV (7
Nyamathi A; Shuler P; School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024-6918.
AIDS has become a leading cause of death for women between the ages of 25 and 34. An overwhelming proportion of these women are Black (52%) or Hispanic (20%). Despite the disproportionate number of minority women who are HIV infected, the majority of AIDS educational programmes have been directed at the White gay male
J N Y State Nurses Assoc. 1990 Dec;21(4):7-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91101078
Ungvarski PJ
Current surveillance data indicate that the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has increased the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB). After years of decline, in 1986, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported a 2.6% rise in the number of cases of TB. The dual diagnosis of TB and HIV infect
Osuji OO; Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Medicine,; University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
This study analyzed 58 cases of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) and 5 cases of cancrum oris among children who sought treatment at the Ibadan University College Hospital, Dental Centre in a 1-year period. The peak occurrence of NUG was among 4- and 5-year old children and 84.5% of them were in the 2 to 7 years
McDevitt TM; Sheehan EP; Lennon R; Ambrosio AL; Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education,; University of Northern Colorado, Greeley 80639.
In 1840 William Farr published his Laws of Epidemics which he applied in 1866 to predict the cresting of an epidemic of rinderpest in England. Early in 1990 Bregman and Langmuir used these laws to predict the course of the AIDS epidemic in the U.S.A. They concluded that this epidemic had crested in 1988-1989. Applyi
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1990 Dec 22;134(51):2482-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91101735
van de Water HP; Wiggers CC; Bijleveld CC; Berkane M; Nederlands Instituut voor Praeventieve Gezondheidszorg-TNO,; Leiden.
In this article we estimate the total number of HIV seropositives in the Netherlands with an extended version of the Fast Back Calculation model. As a result we found between 5500 and 6500 seropositives for the end of 1987. This is considerably lower than earlier expectations.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1990 Dec 22;134(51):2486-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91101736
Jager JC; Poos MJ; Houweling H; Postema CA; Coutinho RA; Centrum voor Wiskundige Methoden, Rijksinstituut voor; Volksgezondheid en Milieuhygiene.
In the Netherlands by the 1st of January 1990 1074 AIDS patients have been reported to the Department of the Chief Medical Officer. In the last few years the proportion of intravenous drug users increased and the proportion of homo/bisexual men decreased. After adjustment for
Nord Med. 1990;105(12):328-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102064
Bakken JS; Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth.
Home intravenous antibiotic therapy (HIVAT) is increasingly employed for the treatment of chronic infections in the USA. HIVAT has been shown to be safe and effective, and is clearly cost effective for patients, hospitals and society when compared with equivalent therapy rendered in a hospital. Health care, as current
During the period 1986--1988, approximately 1,200,000 portions of blood were anti-HIV screened in Denmark . A total of 19 donors were found to be anti-HIV positive and no increase in the frequency of anti-HIV blood donors has been ob
Catania JA; Gibson DR; Chitwood DD; Coates TJ; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
An unprecedented number of human sexuality studies have been initiated in response to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. Unfortunately, methodological developments in the field of sex research have been slow in meeting the demands of AIDS investigations focusing on the diverse populations at risk
O'Leary A; Rutgers--The State University of New Jersey.
This article provides a review of empirical evidence linking emotional processes to immune function in humans. Acute stressors have produced mixed effects on immunity, presumably through differential activation of physiological stress systems. Chronic stress has been associated with suppression of immune function, and
P R Health Sci J. 1990 Apr;9(1):37-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102181
Castro de Alvarez V
Historically women are considered the family s primary care provider and biologically, they are the link in the transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Because of this dual role, they need programs that are culturally sensitive and effective. Many Latinas do not perceive themselves to be at risk despite the
P R Health Sci J. 1990 Apr;9(1):43-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102182
Menendez BS; Health Services Department, Lehman College, Bronx, NY 10468.
The present study analyzes the impact of AIDS on the mortality experience of Puerto Rican women in New York City for the time period 1981-1987. This study shows that Puerto Rican women in New York City are at higher risk for AIDS than any other racial or ethnic group. Economic and sociocultural factors in the Puerto R
P R Health Sci J. 1990 Apr;9(1):99-104. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102194
Rivera Robles R; Manuel Colon H; Gonzalez A; Mateos T
This paper examines social relations and roles of women sexual partners of IV drug users. It is argued that the Island socio-cultural environment does not provide the socio-structural conditions for individuals to organize groups and get the power to solve community problems. It is further assumed that individuals hav
Rev Mal Respir. 1990;7(6):497-503. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102344
de Blic J; Unite d'Allergologie et de Pneumologie Infantiles, Hopital des; Enfants-Malades, Paris.
Respiratory disorders during the course of infections in children who are HIV positive are frequent. These are interstitial pneumonia (IP) and bacterial pneumonia. The acute IP are most often infectious in particular opportunist infection, and are dominated by Pneumocystis carinii (PC, 82 to 86% of the infectious agen
Rev Mal Respir. 1990;7(6):505-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102345
Dautzenberg B; Antoun F; Service de Pneumologie et de Reanimation Respiratoire, Groupe; Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris.
The lung is directly affected by HIV virus early in the disease and is the site of a specific lymphocytic alveolitis. Neoplastic pulmonary disease linked to the virus occurs (Kaposi sarcoma, lymphoma and epidermoid tumour) but it is principally following opportunistic infections that patients with AIDS come under the
Rev Mal Respir. 1990;7(6):569-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102353
Diot P; Le Pape A; Jubault C; Bastides F; Baulieu JL; Choutet P; Diot E; Carre P; Lavandier M; Besnard JC; et al; Service de Pneumologie, INSERM U 316, CHU Bretonneau, Tours.
Isotopic techniques enable to determine the best conditions to aerosolize pentamidine as a preventive treatment of pneumocystis. An original labelling technique of pentamidine isethionate has led into a feasibility study of pentamidine scintigraphy in the monkey, and then to a clinical study. A tracer dose of 2 mg of
Rev Mal Respir. 1990;7(6):603-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102360
Liote H; Porte JM; Postal MJ; Martin de Lassalle E; Derenne JP; Service de Pneumologie et Reanimation Respiratoire, Groupe; Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris.
A 39 year old man who was HIV positive and was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for pneumocystis with hypoxaemia. During the acute episode he had a persistent fever of 38 degrees and hypoxaemia with a PaO2 of 65 mm/Hg and bilateral opacities both radiologically and on a CT scan, which were of alveolar type,
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1990 Dec 15;120(50):1928-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102499
Larpin R; Chave JP; Schaller MD; Perret C; Service des soins intensifs de medecine, Centre hospitalier; universitaire vaudois, Lausanne.
Respiratory failure secondary to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is associated with high mortality in AIDS patients. In a search for prognostic indicators, we reviewed hospital charts of 13 AIDS patients admitted to our intensive care service from 1982 to 1989. Mortality rate was higher from 1982 to 1987 (4/5 pat
W V Med J. 1990 Dec;86(12):561-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102946
Balaan MR
Pneumocystis carinii (PCP) pneumonia is the most common pulmonary infection associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Patients at risk for PCP have defects in T lymphocyte function and include cancer and transplant patients who are on immune suppressing agents and corticosteroids. In West Virginia
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1990 Dec;51(12):A802-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91103149
Gershon RM; Vlahov D; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins; University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD; 21205-2179.
The risk of occupationally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in exposed health-care workers has been estimated to be 0.5% after accidental needlestick with an HIV-contaminated needle. Needlestick injuries resulting in parenteral exposure to HIV-infected material are the most common reported cause o
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1990 Dec;51(12):A807-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91103150
Gershon RM; Vlahov D; Nelson KE; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, John Hopkins; University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD; 21205-2179.
As has been summarized above, the risk of casual contact transmission of HIV virus is remote. A review of these data should provide reassurance to both workers and management. No evidence exists for direct contact spread through shaking hands and nonsexual touching. There is also no evidence for indirect spread throug
Am J Chin Med. 1990;18(3-4):175-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91103217
Gau JP; Lin CK; Lee SS; Wang SR; Section of Hematology, National Yang-Ming Medical College,; Taipei, Taiwan.
Effects of the extracts from Ganoderm lucidum (GL-P) to influence immune status of the hemophiliacs with positive HIV antibody and reversed helper/suppressor T-lymphocyte ratio were studied. Since the extracts from G. lucidum have been reported to contain high levels of adenosine, the untoward antiplatelet effect of t
An infant infected with HIV presented with fever, tachypnoea, hypoxia, and radiological evidence of bilateral pneumonitis. Fluorescent antibody technique identified Pneumocystis carinii within 24 hours from secretions obtained by nasopharyngeal aspiration. This rapid, non-invasive method should be the first line inves
Fiore JR; Angarano G; Fico C; Lo Caputo S; Fracasso C; Barile M; Pastore G; Clinica di Malattie Infettive, Universita di Bari.
The authors report preliminary results of the virological evaluation (performed by serum p24 antigen detection and HIV isolation from peripheral blood lymphocytes) of Zidovudine therapy in 64 anti-HIV positive subjects. Data presented indicate that the administration of therapeutic doses of the drug can efficiently an
Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis. 1990 Jun-Sep;65(2-3):23-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91077508
Rook GA; Foley NM; Meager A; Department of Medical Microbiology, University College &; Middlesex School of Medicine, School of Pathology, London, United; Kingdom.
We describe an assay system which allows easy quantitation of transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) promoter by the viral Tat protein. We make use of the novel expression assay for the study of transcriptional activators [Rusconi et al., Gene 89 (1990) 211-221]. After transfection of a reference pl
Rozenbaum W; Gharakhanian S; Navarette MS; De Sahb R; Cardon B; Rouzioux C; Infectious Diseases Unit, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France.
One hundred and twenty patients suffering from an AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma treated by 18 million units of recombinant alpha-2A-interferon daily were followed prospectively for a period of between one and six years. An overall complete response was observed in 35% of these patients; the figure was significantly hi
Otake T; Mori H; Morimoto M; Ueba N; Kunita N; Sano K; Nakai M; Okubo S; Yasunaga K; Nagao N; et al; Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health.
We investigated 18 anti-HIV seropositive subjects with respect to the isolation of HIV from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and cellular and serologic markers for progression to AIDS. The subjects included homosexuals and recipients of blood products. Three had AIDS, an asymptomatic subject developed AIDS du
Darlix JL; Gabus C; Nugeyre MT; Clavel F; Barre-Sinoussi F; LaboRetro, CRBGC du CNRS, Toulouse, France.
The retroviral genome consists of two identical RNA molecules joined at their 5 ends by the Dimer Linkage Structure (DLS). To study the mechanism of dimerization and the DLS of HIV-1 RNA, large amounts of bona fide HIV-1 RNA and of mutants have been synthesized in vitro. We report that HIV-1 RNA forms dimeric molecul
Hidalgo J; Center for AIDS Services Planning and Development, Maryland; Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore 21201.
Not only are advances being made in delaying the virulent course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but preventive measures are now available to eliminate or delay opportunistic infections related to HIV. Changes in the treatment of HIV-related diseases have shifted the focus from inpatient to community care. Howe
Public Health Rep. 1990 Nov-Dec;105(6):562-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91081509
Matuszak DL; Panny SR; Patel J; Israel E; Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore; 21201.
Because blood specimens from newborns reflect the antibody status of the mother, seroprevalence rates among childbearing women are obtainable from analysis of the specimens. A blinded survey of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody seroprevalence among childbearing women was conducted in Maryland. The survey use
Public Health Rep. 1990 Nov-Dec;105(6):629-34. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91081519
Hardy AM; Division of Health Interview Statistics, National Center For; Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD 20782.
Information collected with the 1989 National Health Interview Survey of AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes from a nationally representative sample of 40,609 adults was examined to determine how knowledge about AIDS varied within demographic subgroups of the population. Most adults (83 percent) had seen or heard public servi
Public Health Rep. 1990 Nov-Dec;105(6):638-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91081521
Martin DJ; University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) School of; Medicine.
The use of condoms has been advocated as an important method of reducing the risk of AIDS for such people as gay men, prostitutes, IV drug users, adolescents, hemophiliacs, and others who may become infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS. Although AIDS risk-reduction programs have provid
Chikwem JO; Mohammed I; Bwala HG; Ola TO; Department of Microbiology, University of Maiduguri, Borno State,; Nigeria.
Results of a study to determine if patients attending sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinics are at high risk to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are presented. The 206 patients who attended the STD clinic at the Maiduguri General Hospital consisted of 200 males and 6 females, most of whom were aged b
Recombinant antigens containing all or parts of the HIV-1 proteins p24, Nef and gp41 and HIV-2 gp36 have been purified and used to develop a rapid immunoassay to detect and differentiate between HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies in a single test. The antigens were produced as particulate fusion proteins by exploiting the abi
Behets F; Bertozzi S; Kasali M; Kashamuka M; Atikala L; Brown C; Ryder RW; Quinn TC; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
To determine the accuracy and cost efficiency of pooling sera prior to HIV-1 testing, sera from 8,000 Kinshasa factory workers and their spouses were screened individually (2.44% seropositive) and in 800 pools of 10 sera each. There were no false-negative or false-positive pools, resulting in a calculated seroprevalen
Berkhout B; Jeang KT; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
The coat protein of the single stranded RNA bacteriophages acts as a translational repressor by binding with high affinity to a target RNA that encompasses the ribosomal binding site of the replicase gene. We have expressed this procaryotic RNA-binding protein in mammalian cells. Using the coat protein binding site at
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):10023-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91088537
Baum EZ; Bebernitz GA; Gluzman Y; Molecular Biology Section, Lederle Laboratories, American; Cyanamid Company, Pearl River, NY 10965.
A cleavage cassette specifying a decapeptide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease cleavage site was introduced into six different locations of beta-galactosidase (beta-D-galactoside galactohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.23) in Escherichia coli. Four of these constructs retained beta-galactosidase activity despite the inse
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9980-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91088635
Prongay AJ; Smith TJ; Rossmann MG; Ehrlich LS; Carter CA; McClure J; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West; Lafayette, IN 47907.
A recombinant form of human immunodeficiency virus capsid protein, p24, expressed in Escherichia coli has been purified to homogeneity and separated into distinct isoelectric forms. A monoclonal antibody, mAb25.4, which recognizes an epitope in the amino-terminal region of p24, has been purified to homogeneity from as
Dietrich SL; Mosley JW; Lusher JM; Hilgartner MW; Operskalski EA; Habel L; Aledort LM; Gjerset GF; Koerper MA; Lewis BH; et al; University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
The Transfusion Safety Study monitored susceptible persons for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections transmitted by plasma products and blood components. Through December, 1988, 6 subjects without antibody to HIV-1 (anti-HIV-1) became seropositive after receiving dry-heated factor VIII concentrate. Th
Public awareness of cross infection has grown in the wake of hepatitis B and HIV. Sandra Ilott puts forward measures to help nurses keep their knowledge of infection control procedures up to standard.
Zwilling BS; Darrow R; Mcpeek M; Laufman H; Pearl D; Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus.
The expression of HLA class II glycoproteins by monocytes from HIV-infected individuals was evaluated. We found no differences in HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, or HLA-DP expression by freshly isolated monocytes from patients with clinical AIDS, HIV-infected patients without AIDS or from uninfected individuals. However, monocytes fr
EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(13):4243-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092246
Pique C; Tursz T; Dokhelar MC; CNRS UA 1156, Institut G. Roussy, Villejuif, France.
The envelope protein of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is highly conserved among the isolates sequenced so far, as opposed to what is observed for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope. By linker insertion scanning, we have produced 33 random mutations along the HTLV-I envelope gene, cloned
EMBO J. 1990 Dec;9(13):4417-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092266
Harrich D; Garcia J; Mitsuyasu R; Gaynor R; Department of Pathology, UCLA School of Medicine.
Multiple regulatory elements in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (HIV LTR) are required for activation of HIV gene expression. Previous transfection studies of HIV LTR constructs linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene indicated that multiple regulatory regions including the enhancer,
van Leeuwen R; van den Hurk PJ; Jobsis GJ; van der Wouw PA; Reiss P; Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK; Danner SA; Lange JM; Department of Internal Medicine (AIDS unit), University of; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Long-term tolerance of zidovudine treatment was retrospectively analysed in 97 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. After one year of treatment 68% and after two years 87% of the patients had had at least one dose adjustment during their course of therapy. Myelotoxicity was the most common cause (58% of all cas
Mori S; Takada R; Shimotohno K; Okamoto T; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo.
The nef gene product of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been implicated as a negative factor for viral replication and is suspected to play an important role in the maintenance of viral latency. However, there seems to be evidence both for and against the negative effect of nef gene product. In the pre
Velpandi A; Monken CE; Srinivasan A; Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19104.
The transactivator (tat) gene of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) plays an essential role in the replication cycle of HIV. Previous studies have evaluated the extent and mechanistic aspects of tat-mediated transactivation using lymphoid and adherent non-lymphoid cells. We have exploited the transactivation property
J Med Virol. 1990 Aug;31(4):291-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91100969
O'Shea S; Cordery M; Barrett WY; Richman DD; Bradbeer C; Banatvala JE; Department of Virology, United Medical School, Guys Hospital,; London.
HIV excretion patterns and specific antibody responses were evaluated in blood, semen, female genital secretions, saliva, and crevicular fluid. Samples were examined for infectious virus, viral antigens, viral nucleic acid, HIV specific IgG, IgA, anti-nef, and anti-p24. Viral load in peripheral blood appeared to incre
Lydyard PM; Quartey-Papafio RP; Broker BM; MacKenzie L; Hay FC; Youinou PY; Jefferis R; Mageed RA; Departments of Immunology, University College, London, UK.
Our previous studies have shown that a high frequency of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized cord blood (CB) and fetal liver (FL) clones produce IgM antibodies which display extensive autoreactivity for IgG Fc (rheumatoid factor, RF). To investigate further the repertoire of these early B cells, we have examined the
Wis Med J. 1990 Nov;89(11):627-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91082509
Hoxie NJ; Vergeront JM; Pfister JR; Hoffman G; Markwardt PA; Davis JP; Wisconsin Division of Health, Madison.
To estimate the prevalence of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) among Wisconsin childbearing women (CBW), a continuous blinded HIV-1 seroprevalence survey is being conducted. This survey uses dried blood specimens obtained from infants as part of the Wisconsin Newborn Screening Program. From Febr
Limbrock GJ; Hoyer H; Scheying H; Institute for Social Pediatrics and Youth Medicine, University of; Munich, Germany.
About 23 percent of the sixty-eight children with cerebral palsy, studied at the Werner-Otto-Institute s Pediatric Rehabilitation Center, suffered from a spastic tetraparesis. About 19 percent suffered from an athetosis; about 20 percent from a hypotonia, including three with cerebellar ataxia. The remainder of the gr
Shimizu H; Tsuchie H; Yoshida K; Morikawa S; Tsuruoka T; Yamamoto H; Ushijima H; Kitamura T; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health,; Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
The effect of 11 derivatives of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNM) on the replication of HIV-1 was studied. Compared with DNM, seven of them showed remarkable inhibition of HIV-1-induced syncytium formation at significantly low concentrations which were not cytotoxic. Two derivatives were found to markedly reduce the infectious
A case is presented of severe erythema multiforme occurring in a 2-month-old boy from Zimbabwe which was probably triggered by phenobarbitone. He later developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and serological tests suggested that it was a congenital HIV-I infection.
With regard to a foot localization of a cutaneous Kaposi s Sarcoma, the Authors briefly evoke the manifestations of this acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Some clinical aspects of the AIDS, commonly looking, but often revealing the disease, may lead the patient to an orthopaedic surgeon.
Rytik PG; van der Groen G; Eremin VF; Kolomiets ND; Popov SA; Nijs P; Willems V; Verkauteren G; Il'kevich IuG; Lemeshko NN
Biological properties of an AIDS agent first isolated from a native citizen in the USSR are presented. The source of the virus was a young Byelorussian woman who in the near past had had sexual contacts with a citizen from one of the Central Africa countries. The isolate is thought to be of HIV-I type. It replicated p
Mertins SD; Ortona L; Cauda R; Infectious Disease Section, National Cancer Institute, National; Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Neutrophil function is an integral part of the host defense against multiple pathogens. Through phagocytosis and production of toxic substances, these short lived cells aid in the effective elimination of invading microorganisms such as bacterial and fungal targets. Viral infections, and in particular those of the ret
The use of animal models in the preclinical evaluation of anti-HIV drugs and vaccines was discussed at an informal consultation at World Health Organization headquarters in Geneva, 14-15 September 1989. The consultation was attended by six experts from four countries. HIV animal models
Cancer Detect Prev. 1990;14(6):661-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91077838
Boiocchi M; De Re V; Dolcetti R; Volpe R; Gloghini A; Tavian M; Viel A; Maestro R; Carbone A; Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy.
To study the pathogenesis of malignant lymphomas (ML) in intravenous drug-abuser HIV-infected patients, we analyzed 19 cases of reactive lymphadenopathy (LAS) and 10 cases of ML. Clonality and differences in characteristics of these lymphoproliferative disorders were investigated by immunohistochemical and Ig and TCR
Maurer M; Henn V; Dittrich A; Hofmann A; PSIN - Psychologisches Institut fur Beratung und Forschung,; Zurich, Switzerland.
A double-blind study was performed comparing 5 mg delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) p.o., 50 mg codeine p.o., and placebo in a patient with spasticity and pain due to spinal cord injury. The three conditions were applied 18 times each in a randomized and balanced order. Delta-9-THC and codeine both had an analgesic e
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1990 Oct;26(2):183-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91082394
Lin DS; Bowman DD; Jacobson RH; Barr MC; Fevereiro M; Williams JR; Noronha FM; Scott FW; Avery RJ; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, New; York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University,; Ithaca 14853-6401.
Lymphocytes from normal cats or cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen, or concanavalin A. Lymphocytes from infected cats had lower responses than those from uninfected cats. These results support the hypothesis that FIV induces i
Am J Pathol. 1990 Dec;137(6):1317-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91082911
Anagnostopoulos I; Hummel M; Kaudewitz P; Herbst H; Braun-Falco O; Stein H; Steglitz Medical Center, Free University of Berlin, Federal; Republic of Germany.
To investigate the possibility that cutaneous T-cell lymphomas of large cell type may be associated with human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I infection in nonendemic regions, tissue samples from six cases of large cell cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and four cases of small cell cutaneous T-cell lymphoma were screene
Gerna G; Parea M; Percivalle E; Zipeto D; Silini E; Barbarini G; Milanesi G; Virus Laboratory, Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of; Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Italy.
Eighty-two HIV-1-seropositive subjects were examined for the presence and quantification of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) by polymerase chain reaction, culture and immunofluorescence in order to investigate the relationship bet
Nagelkerke NJ; Plummer FA; Holton D; Anzala AO; Manji F; Ngugi EN; Moses S; Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.
The progression of HIV-related disease from infection to death is represented as a staged Markov model. Transitions between stages are considered reversible. The model is fitted to data from a cohort of African prostitutes by means of maximum likelihood. It appears that the progression to symptomatic disease (Centers
Clifford DB; Jacoby RG; Miller JP; Seyfried WR; Glicksman M; Department of Neurology and Neurological Surgery (Neurology), St; Louis, Missouri.
The objective of this study was to determine whether there are measurable differences in neuropsychometric performances between HIV-positive asymptomatic subjects and high-risk HIV-negative individuals. We carried out concurrent neuropsychological testing of HIV-positive subjects screened for drug treatment protocols
Cohen AJ; Weiser B; Afzal Q; Fuhrer J; State University of New York, School of Medicine, Stony Brook.
We report two cases of patients who developed ventricular tachycardia while receiving intravenous infusions of ganciclovir [9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methylguanine, DHPG]. Worsening cytomegalovirus infection prompted renewal of ganciclovir therapy under close cardiac monitoring in
Segondy M; Vendrell JP; Reynes J; Huguet MF; Albat B; Ducos J; Nicolas JC; Serre A; Laboratoire de Virologie, Hopital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier,; France.
In vitro secretion of antibodies to cytomegalovirus was investigated by analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture supernatants from subjects infected with cytomegalovirus. Patients with primary or recurrent cytomegalovirus infection showed transient in vitro cytomegalov
Brown Y; Calder B; Rae D; College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon,; Canada.
The purpose of this study was to determine if increased knowledge changes nursing students attitudes toward individuals with AIDS. A pretest/post-test design was used to administer a questionnaire, developed and validated in the United States , and adapted for use in this study. Subjec
Lakartidningen. 1990 Nov 21;87(47):3984-6, 3990. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91087551
Wadell G; Strannegard O; Avdelningen for virologi, Umea universitet, Stockholm.
Viral infections can be diagnosed with using methods of molecular biology. Provided at least part of the gene sequence is known for the virus under consideration, the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique can be used to identify such viruses as HIV, papilloma virus, cytomegalovirus
Dooley SW Jr; Castro KG; Hutton MD; Mullan RJ; Polder JA; Snider DE Jr
The transmission of tuberculosis is a recognized risk in health-care settings. Several recent outbreaks of tuberculosis in health-care settings, including outbreaks involving multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, have heightened concern about nosocomial transmission. In addition, increases in tube
Schmidbauer M; Budka H; Okeda R; Cristina S; Lechi A; Trabattoni GR; Neurological Institute, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria.
A 20-year-old male AIDS patient developed rapidly progressive dementia for more than 3 months prior to death. Autopsy showed, in addition to adrenal cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection and foc
Ficarra G; Shillitoe EJ; Adler-Storthz K; Gaglioti D; Di Pietro M; Riccardi R; Forti G; Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florence, Italy.
A group of 217 patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were studied for 2 years, during which time pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa developed in 14 (6.4%) of them. The lesions were well circumscribed in some cases and diffuse in others. In some patients the macules enlarged or recurred after s
Cripe TP; Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine,; Iowa City 52242.
As summarized here human papillomaviruses are associated with a wide spectrum of epithelial lesions, ranging from benign warts to invasive carcinomas. They have been difficult to study in part because they have not yet been propagated in tissue culture. Fortunately advances in molecular biology have allowed characteri
Nahmias AJ; Lee FK; Beckman-Nahmias S; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine,; Atlanta, Georgia 30303.
A newly developed Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and type 2 enzyme immunoassay has been applied to over 40,000 sera from different populations in the US and 17 other countries on all 5 continents. The HSV-1 antibody patterns found permit the current and past socioeconomic status, as well as the extent of oral-genit
Converse PJ; Fehniger TE; Ehrnst A; Strannegard O; Britton S; Department of Infectious Diseases, Roslagstull Hospital,; Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
In order to delineate the molecular pathogenesis of the increased susceptibility to CMV disease in HIV infection, the patterns of antigen responsiveness in HIV-infected and non-infected individuals were investigated. CMV was fractionated by SDS-PAGE and electrob
Czermak M; Jean T; Psychiatre des Hopitaux, Hopital Henri Rousselle, Paris.
The AIDS epidemic is currently considered to be the first retroviral disease in humans. However, in the large volume of work on von Economo-Cruchet s encephalitis lethargica, the authors reveal a series of common points between both diseases. The progress of both diseases is identical at every stage, with neurotropism
Ampel NM; Stout ML; Garewal HS; Davis JR; Medical Service (111), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tucson,; Arizona 85723.
Rectal dysplasia and carcinoma associated with human papillomavirus infection are increasing in prevalence among homosexual men, particularly those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. We report a case involving a 39-year-old homosexual man with AIDS who developed a persistent rectal ulcer. A biopsy of the
Am J Dermatopathol. 1990 Dec;12(6):571-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096935
Fernandez JF; Benito MA; Lizaldez EB; Montanes MA; Pathologic Anatomy Service, Hospital de la, La Princesa; Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain.
Oral hairy leukoplakia (HL) was studied in 32 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Features most often found were parakeratosis of variable thickness, acanthosis, little or absent submucosal chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate, association with candidiasis in 71.8%, and intranuclear herpetic
Ina Y; Gojobori T; National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
Phylogenetic trees for the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) and its related viruses were constructed by use of nucleotide sequences of the long terminal repeat (LTR) and the tax gene. The trees showed that the viruses diverged from a common ancestral virus and that they are classified into two groups whose
Cancer Detect Prev. 1990;14(6):669-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91077839
Chavanet P; Malet J; Waldner A; Aho S; Buisson M; Bielefeld P; Portier H; Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital du; Bocage CHRU, Dijon, France.
Herpesvirus infections are thought to be cofactors of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, and high concentrations of acyclovir (ACV) are active on all herpesviruses. Because ACV was shown to delay the cytopathic effect of HIV in vitro, we evaluated the effect of inte
Med Hypotheses. 1990 Oct;33(2):129-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91080739
Aranda-Anzaldo A; Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie, Faculte de Medecine, Paris V,; France.
AIDS is presumably caused by HIV, a retrovirus. The main support for this view comes from the consistent epidemiological correlation between AIDS and the presence of antibody against HIV. Several HIV-associated mechanisms have been described to explain the cytopathic effects on helper-T-lymphocytes observed in vitro b
Biochem Pharmacol. 1990 Dec 15;40(12):2603-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91083672
Molema G; Jansen RW; Pauwels R; de Clercq E; Meijer DK; Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Groningen University,; The Netherlands.
The delivery of the anti-HIV agent 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ), in its 5 -monophosphate form, (in) to human T-lymphocyte MT-4 cells in vitro through covalent coupling to neoglycoproteins was investigated. In vivo application of this drug targetin
Fernandez-Cruz E; Desco M; Garcia Montes M; Longo N; Gonzalez B; Zabay JM; Department of Immunology, Hospital General, Gregorio Maranon,; Madrid, Spain.
We have performed a prospective 33-month follow-up of the evolution of HIV infection in a cohort of 76 HIV-positive intravenous drug users (IVDUs). We report on immunological and serological variables that proved to be highly predictive of development to AIDS. In a stepwise multivariate analysis of the actuarial progr
Swanson CE; Cooper DA; National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
In a multicentre study of zidovudine therapy in Australia commencing in June 1987, 308 homosexual or bisexual men with AIDS started on zidovudine by 30 June 1988. Using follow-up data collected through 31 December 1988, the outcome of the first 18 months of zidovudine therapy in
Putkonen P; Thorstensson R; Albert J; Hild K; Norrby E; Biberfeld P; Biberfeld G; Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in cynomolgus macaques leads to severe immunodeficiency with a fatal outcome. In contrast, HIV-2 infects these primates without apparently causing any immunological abnormalities. In this study three cynomolgus monkeys were experimentally infected with HIV-2 strain SBL-K13
Emilie D; Maillot MC; Bonnerot C; Devergne O; Delfraissy JF; Nicolas JF; Galanaud P; INSERM U131, Clamart, France.
We used a quantitative bioassay (the beta-gal assay) to visualize and quantify syncytium induction by fresh HIV isolates. This bioassay is based on the transactivation by tat of a chimeric gene comprising an HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) fused to a modified lacZ gene of Escherichia coli. The chimeric gene encodes a
Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl). 1990;179(4):193-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91087811
Schneweis KE; Kleim JP; Bailly E; Niese D; Wagner N; Brackmann HH; Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of; Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany.
To determine whether the biological variability of HIV-1 has any clinical significance, the highly variable cytopathogenicity of 153 HIV-1 strains, isolated from 119 hemophiliacs, was related to the number of CD4+ lymphocytes present in the patient s blood at the time of virus isolation. It was shown that the cytopath
de Stasio G; Canavaggio M; Rizzi L; Lattanzio A; Lancieri M; D'Erasmo F; Colapietro A; Barbuti S; Quarto M; Liso V; et al; Servizio di Immunoematologia e Trasfusione, Ospedale Di Venere; USL BA/11, Italy.
A stringent procedure for the diagnosis of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection was applied to 1,732 volunteer blood donors, 401 patients with various hematological disorders and 78 individuals at high risk for HIV infection. It consisted of a viral lysate-based screening assay (
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1125-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090987
Weaver JL; Gergely P; Pine PS; Patzer E; Aszalos A; Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC 20204.
We studied the ability of several polyionic compounds, previously shown to have activity in vitro against human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) to block binding of anti-CD4 and recombinant HIV gp120 to the CD4 receptor on human lymphocytes. We found that Evans blue and aurin tricarboxylic acid could completely inhib
Presse Med. 1990 Dec 1;19(41):1892-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91095379
Wintrebert F; Certain A; Laboratoire Bristol-myers squibb, La Defense.
The purpose of this paper is to trace the evolution of AIDS definition and describe the principal classification systems of HIV infection as defined since 1981. Our work is principally based on data from the American Centers of Disease Control on the one hand (clinical evaluation of infection stage) and from the Walte
Ten patients with CDC stage III of infection by HIV were treated with AZT at doses of 300 mg/day (100 mg tid). There were 5 males and 5 females, the median age being 40.5 yr (range 26-46). Seventy percent of them had transfusion-associated HIV infect
Hendriks RW; Kraakman ME; Craig IW; Espanol T; Schuurman RK; Department of Immunohematology, University Medical Center,; Leiden. The Netherlands.
X-linked immunodeficiency with hyperimmunoglobulinemia M (XHM) reflects an impairment of the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy (H) chain class switch of B lymphocytes from IgM to IgG and IgA. XHM is recessive; female carriers manifest normal IgG and IgA production. Due to random X chromosome inactivation in all somatic cells
Holmes KL; Morse HC 3d; Makino M; Hardy RR; Hayakawa K; Biological Resources Branch, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Some strains of mice inoculated with LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) develop a syndrome, termed mouse acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS), characterized by progressive lymphoproliferation and profound immunodeficiency. LP-BM5 MuLV is a virus mixture that contains ecotropic (eco) and mink cell focus-induced
Nakashima H; Balzarini J; Pauwels R; Schols D; Desmyter J; De Clercq E; Department of Human Biology, Rega Institute for Medical Research,; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
The inhibitory effects of a series of antiviral compounds on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were evaluated in a plaque assay (PA) in MT-4 cells and a focal immunoassay (FIA) in CD4+ HeLa cells. Similar 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were obtained for the sulfated polysaccharides when measured by PA
Rev Mal Respir. 1990;7(6):517-28. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102346
Mornex JF; Ecochard D; Greenland T; Patet J; Cadore JL; Crevon J; Loire R; Cozon G; Guiguen F; Brune J; et al; Service de Pneumologie, UFR Grange-Blanche, Hopital; Louis-Pradel, Lyon.
Lentiviruses belong to the retroviruses family (ie RNA viruses with reverse transcriptase activity); they induce inflammatory and/or degenerative slowly progressive diseases, affecting various organs. Some lentiviruses preferentially infect lymphocytes (HIV-1 and HIV-2, SIV and FIV) and are associated with infectious
Wagner N; Bialek R; Radinger H; Becker M; Schneweis KE; Brackmann HH; Niese D; Department of Paediatrics, University of Bonn, Federal Republic; of Germany.
The course of HIV infection in 53 haemophilic patients aged 5-20 years was evaluated by clinical examination and laboratory tests. During the evaluation time (median 30 months) two patients died of AIDS and 32 patients (60%) deteriorated when assessed by the Brodt-Helm classification. Nineteen patients (37%) had decre
J Immunol. 1991 Jan 1;146(1):377-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91079577
Suzan M; Salaun D; Neuveut C; Spire B; Hirsch I; Le Bouteiller P; Querat G; Sire J; Laboratoire de Virologie, Faculte de Medecine Secteur Nord,; Marseille, France.
The production of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) progeny was followed in the U937 promonocytic cell line after stimulation either with retinoic acid or PMA, and in purified human monocytes and macrophages. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and Southwestern blotting experiments were used to detect the
J Immunol. 1991 Jan 1;146(1):57-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91079584
Amadori A; Zamarchi R; Veronese ML; Panozzo M; Barelli A; Borri A; Sironi M; Colotta F; Mantovani A; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, University of Padua, Italy.
This study examined the mechanisms underlying the intense activation of HIV-1-specific B cells observed in peripheral blood of HIV-1-infected subjects. Spontaneous in vitro synthesis of anti-HIV-1 antibodies, as well as total Ig production, were dramatically reduced by accessory cell, but not T cell removal. This fall
J Immunol. 1991 Jan 1;146(1):81-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91079588
Peterson PK; Gekker G; Chao CC; Schut R; Molitor TW; Balfour HH Jr; Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center,; Minneapolis, MN 55415.
Cocaine use is an important high risk behavior in the AIDS epidemic. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that cocaine potentiates the replication of HIV-1 in human PBMC. A coculture system was used in which PBMC from healthy donors were incubated in the absence (control) or presence of cocaine before activation wi
Synthetic peptides corresponding with unique regions of the envelope glycoproteins (gp46) of human T cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) were used in an enzyme immunoassay to determine if HTLV-I and -II infections could be discriminated. Two synthetic HTLV-I sequence-derived peptides, Env-1 (amino acids 191-215) and Env
Okayama A; Chen YM; Tachibana N; Shioiri S; Lee TH; Tsuda K; Essex M; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard University School of Public; Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Adult T cell leukemia (ATL) is caused by the human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Although the mechanisms of the leukemogenic process are unknown, the tax gene may have a role in this process. Because clustering occurs with HTLV-I and ATL, members of ATL families were examined for antibodies to the tax protein
Chesebro B; Wehrly K; Metcalf J; Griffin DE; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland.
A new CD4-positive HeLa cell line (clone 1022) with increased sensitivity for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolates derived from AIDS patients could titer infectivity of HIV from most isolates at a level equal to that observed using normal human phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocyte cultures. By use of
Mellors JW; Griffith BP; Ortiz MA; Landry ML; Ryan JL; Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Yale; University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Macrophages are important target cells for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The ability of HIV-1 to productively infect macrophages may be influenced by endogenous cytokines that alter the activation state of these cells. In this study, the effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha/cachectin (TNF alpha), a cyt
Med J Aust. 1991 Jan 7;154(1):61-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91080764
Lansdell GT; Law Programme, School of Economics, Commerce and Law, Murdoch; University, WA.
In dealing with HIV infection and AIDS, the law must balance the public health interests of the community against the potentially conflicting rights of individuals to liberty and privacy. This article reviews public health legislation currently in force in Australian States and Territories, discusses the potential for
Haffar OK; Dowbenko DJ; Berman PW; Department of Developmental Biology, Genentech, Inc., South San; Francisco, California 94080.
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp160 associates with cellular membranes via a discrete transmembrane domain. Unlike other retroviral envelope proteins, however, gp160 also forms a secondary association with the lipid bilayer mediated by one or more regions located in the cytoplasmic tail. We have expressed the full c
Am J Hematol. 1991 Jan;36(1):35-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91082803
Kinney JS; Conway JH; Hilgartner MW; Clayman B; Mayur K; Yolken RH; Viscidi RP; Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,; Baltimore, Maryland.
Solid-phase enzyme immunoassays using recombinant gag and env proteins were developed to study humoral immune responses to HIV infection in a cohort of 105 hemophiliac patients. Thirteen patients with ARC or AIDS and 92 asymptomatic patients were studied. A cross-sectional study showed a wide range of antibody respons
Am J Hematol. 1991 Jan;36(1):71-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91082813
DaCosta NA; Hultin MB; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony; Brook.
A 32-year-old woman with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and progressive anemia presented to University Hospital with a hemoglobin of 3.4 g/dl. Because of her religious beliefs, she refused transfusion, and no iron or vitamin deficiency was found. She responded to recombinant human erythropoietin 150 U/kg
Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1991 Jan;51(1):131-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91084777
Sadamori N; Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine,; Japan.
The close association between adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) has been established. Nevertheless, the mechanism of progression of ATL by HTLV-I infection is still uncertain, because the virus contains no typical oncogene and no significant expression of the viral RNA has bee
Long R; Maycher B; Scalcini M; Manfreda J; Department of Medicine, Hopital Albert Schweitzer, Haiti.
To determine the impact that co-infection with HIV has on the radiographic presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis, we examined the chest roentgenograms obtained before treatment in 225 HIV-tested adult Haitians with bacillary (smear or culture or both) positive pulmonary tuberculosis. There were 67 HIV-seropositive an
Mascarenhas DA; Vasudevan VP; Vaidya KP; Department of Medicine, Woodhull Medical and Mental Health; Center, Brooklyn, NY.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a frequent manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It commonly presents with nonproductive cough, fever, and dyspnea. We report this case of P carinii pneumonia presenting with hemoptysis, since to the best of our knowledge, hemoptysis has not been reported to
Bauer FA; Wear DJ; Angritt P; Lo SC; American Registry of Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of; Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
We studied renal tissues from 203 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Of the 203 patients, 20 showed light-microscopic changes characteristic of AIDS-associated nephropathy (AAN). Fifteen of the 20 (group A) were examined by immunohistochemistry using Mycoplasma fermentans (incognitus strain)-spec
McElrath MJ; Steinman RM; Cohn ZA; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller; University, New York 10021.
The extent of latent HIV-1 infection in blood T cells and monocytes of 23 seropositive individuals was examined using DNA amplification (PCR) of HIV-1 sequences. Amplified DNA was found in at least one cell type in all seropositives tested, including 13 asymptomatic, 5 ARC, and 5 AIDS patients. Amplification with two
Rieckmann P; Poli G; Kehrl JH; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Freshly isolated B lymphocytes from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in contrast to B cells from normal controls, were shown to induce viral expression in two cell lines: ACH-2, a T cell line, and U1, a promonocytic cell line, which are chronically infected with HIV, as well as in autologous
Bredfeldt RC; Dardeau FM; Wesley RM; Vaughan-Wrobel BC; Markland L; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Area Health; Education Center-Northwest Family Practice Residency,; Fayetteville 72701.
A study was developed to examine the current experiences and opinions of a national sample of family physicians with regard to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The survey response rate was 72.5% (757 questionnaires were returned out of a sample of 1044). Approximately 47% of respondents have cared for an HIV
Watanabe N; Nishi M; Ikawa Y; Amanuma H; Laboratory of Gene Technology and Safety, Institute of Physical; and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Ibaraki, Japan.
The 3 half of the env gene of the dualtropic Friend mink cell focus-forming virus was modified by replacing the restriction enzyme fragment of the genome DNA with the corresponding fragment of the acutely leukemogenic, polycythemia-inducing strain of Friend spleen focus-forming virus (F-SFFVP) genome DNA. Replacement
Freed EO; Myers DJ; Risser R; McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin,; Madison 53706.
The V3 loop, located near the middle of the surface envelope glycoprotein gp120, is the major neutralizing domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Although the majority of the V3 loop is highly variable between different strains of HIV-1, a Gly-Pro-Gly-Arg motif at the tip of the loop is highly conserve
Delassus S; Cheynier R; Wain-Hobson S; Laboratoire de Retrovirologie Moleculaire, Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.
The evolution of an 851-bp segment of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome encoding the nef open reading frame and U3/R elements of the long terminal repeat has been followed over a 4-year period in vivo and in vitro. The population of viral sequences at any given time was established by sequencing c
Earl PL; Koenig S; Moss B; Laboratories of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The effects of C-terminal and internal deletions on the synthesis, transport, biological properties, and antigenicity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope protein were determined. A family of recombinant vaccinia viruses that express N-terminal overlapping env proteins of 204, 287, 393, 502 (full-length
Schuitemaker H; Kootstra NA; de Goede RE; de Wolf F; Miedema F; Tersmette M; Central Laboratory, The Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
We previously demonstrated a correlation between the presence of syncytium-inducing (SI) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants showing tropism for cell line H9 and the occurrence of rapid CD4 cell decline and progression to AIDS. In contrast, in stable asymptomatic individuals, we detected only isolates
Kim JH; Kaufman PA; Hanly SM; Rimsky LT; Greene WC; Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710.
The Rex protein of the human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II), Rex-II, plays a central role in regulating the expression of the structural genes of this retrovirus. Rex-II acts posttranscriptionally by inducing the cytoplasmic expression of the incompletely spliced viral mRNAs that encode the Gag and Env struct
Dillon PJ; Nelbock P; Perkins A; Rosen CA; Department of Molecular Oncology and Virology, Roche Institute of; Molecular Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110-1199.
The Rev proteins of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are necessary for expression of viral structural gene products. Site-directed mutations were made within the HIV-2 rev gene to identify functional domains. We observed that similar to HIV-1 Rev, the HIV-2 Rev protein was phosphorylated, albeit to a much lesser
Griffiths JC; Berrie EL; Holdsworth LN; Moore JP; Harris SJ; Senior JM; Kingsman SM; Kingsman AJ; Adams SE; British Bio-technology Ltd., Cowley, Oxford, United Kingdom.
The localization of neutralization determinants within the envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been largely achieved by immunizing small animals in conjunction with Freund s adjuvant. However, for eventual use in humans, candidate HIV vaccine components must also be efficacious in a nontox
Sczakiel G; Pawlita M; Institut fur Virusforschung, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum,; Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Human T-lymphoid cell lines with constitutive intracellular expression of antisense RNA complementary to a 407-bp sequence of the 5 leader-gag region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 were established by using a nonretroviral expression vector. In cell lines with antisense RNA expression detectable by Northern (
Anderson MG; Clements JE; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins; University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
The U3 regions of the long terminal repeats (LTRs) of simian immunodeficiency viruses SIVmac251 and SIVmac239 were analyzed for basal transcriptional activity and for interaction with cellular factors in the T-cell line HUT-78 and the monocyte/macrophage cell line U937. A number of 5 deletions and mutations were made
Poznansky M; Lever A; Bergeron L; Haseltine W; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviruses containing deletions between nucleotides 301 and 319 express viral proteins but exhibit marked attenuation in the packaging of viral RNA into virions (A. Lever, H. Gottlinger, W. Haseltine, and J. Sodroski, J. Virol. 63:4085-4087, 1989; A. Aldovini and R. A. Young
Hong T; Drlica K; Pinter A; Murphy E; Public Health Reserach Institute, New York, New York 10016.
During infection of cells by retroviruses, some of the nonintegrated viral DNA can be found as a circular form containing two tandem, directly repeated long terminal repeats. The nucleotide sequence at the point where the long terminal repeats join (the circle junction) can be used to deduce the terminal nucleotides o
Bohnlein S; Pirker FP; Hofer L; Zimmermann K; Bachmayer H; Bohnlein E; Hauber J; SANDOZ Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) encodes a 27-kDa trans-acting gene product (Rex) which is involved in the regulated expression of transcripts coding for the viral structural proteins. We used oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis to generate a series of mutant HTLV-I rex genes. Transient expression experime
Nature. 1991 Jan 3;349(6304):74-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91087923
Kozlowski S; Takeshita T; Boehncke WH; Takahashi H; Boyd LF; Germain RN; Berzofsky JA; Margulies DH; Molecular Biology Section, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
T lymphocytes expressing alpha beta receptors recognize antigenic peptide fragments bound to major histocompatibility complex class I or class II molecules present on the surface membranes of other cells. Peptide fragments are present in the two available HLA crystal structures and recent data indicate that peptide is
Gray F; Chimelli L; Mohr M; Clavelou P; Scaravilli F; Poirier J; Departement de Pathologie (Neuropathologie), Hopital Henri; Mondor, Creteil, France.
A 66-year-old French homosexual man and a 42-year-old Brazilian man with no known risk factors for HIV infection developed headaches, asthenia, and neurologic episodes of abrupt onset. CT showed multiple hypodense, nonenhancing lesions. Serology for HIV was positive. They died respectively 2 months and 1 month after o
Kaneko K; Sato S; Miyatake T; Tsuji S; Department of Neurology, Niigata University, Japan.
We tried to detect HTLV-I-related sequences in Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis with a highly sensitive method that employs the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of genomic DNA followed by Southern blot hybridization analysis. To amplify HTLV-I sequences, we used primers for LTR, pol, gag, and env coding region
Pascual-Leone A; Dhuna A; Anderson DC; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
We compared cranial CTs of 35 habitual cocaine abusers, 16 self-reported 1st-time users, and 54 headache patients using linear planimetric measures. All patients met the following criteria: age 20 to 40 years, no polydrug abuse (including alcohol), HIV seronegativity, normal albumin level, and no history of any other
Berger JR; Svenningsson A; Raffanti S; Resnick L; Department of Neurology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33136.
We describe a 34-year-old man from southern Florida with a history of intravenous drug use, dually infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II), who developed a myelopathy clinically indistinguishable from HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic parap
Katz MH; Baron RB; Grady D; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California; School of Medicine, San Francisco.
To determine whether aspects of clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory studies improve the diagnostic accuracy of the chest roentgenogram in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), we followed up 302 consecutive patients with respiratory symptoms and risk factors for human immunodeficien
Cantor ES; Kimmel PL; Bosch JP; Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, DC 20037.
The prevalence of renal disease associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is unknown, but appears to vary in different regions. Centers in New York, NY, and Miami, Fla, have reported patients with renal disease complicating AIDS. These populations have included large proportions of black patients a
Blood. 1991 Jan 15;77(2):249-56. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91091514
Fischer A; Friedrich W; Fasth A; Blanche S; Le Deist F; Girault D; Veber F; Vossen J; Lopez M; Griscelli C; et al; Department of Pediatrics, Hopital des Enfants-Malades, Paris,; France.
Forty-six infants and children suffering from either inherited immunodeficiency disorders (Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, functional T-cell immunodeficiency with or without HLA class II expression deficiency), malignant osteopetrosis, or Fanconi s anemia received HLA-nonidentical bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from rela
Morrow WJ; Isenberg DA; Sobol RE; Stricker RB; Kieber-Emmons T; IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation, La Jolla, California 92037.
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a viral-induced disorder of humans that is reaching pandemic proportions. The etiologic agent responsible for AIDS is recognized as a retrovirus termed the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This virus is both cytotropic and cytopathic for T lymphocytes in vitro, and
Lal RB; Heiba IM; Dhawan RR; Smith ES; Perine PL; Division of Tropical Public Health, Uniformed Services University; of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.
To analyze differential antibody responsiveness of potential pathogenetic significance, sera from 66 patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infections at various Walter Reed (WR) stages of the disease were analyzed to determine the subclass distribution of HIV antibodies. Although all IgG subclasses were
Int J Cancer. 1991 Jan 2;47(1):49-53. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91092712
Casabona J; Melbye M; Biggar RJ; AIDS Epidemiology Section, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona,; Spain.
Prior to the AIDS epidemic, Kaposi s sarcoma (non-AIDS-KS) in Europe was mainly a disease of elderly Mediterranean men. In 1989 AIDS data from 15 European countries were collected to study proportional trends in AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma (AIDS-KS) in order to determine whether specific factors in Southern Europe m
Kawashima H; Bandyopadhyay S; Rutstein R; Plotkin SA; Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Joseph Stokes Jr.; Research Institute of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; 19104.
Med J Aust. 1991 Jan 21;154(2):90-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91094706
Donovan JW; Australian Institute of Health, Canberra, ACT.
From 1983 to 1988 there were 396 registrations of death certified as caused by immunodeficiencies including the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Detailed examination of other death registration data yields an estimate of 692 deaths in this period from AIDS and its sequelae. Over the same period, 617 notified
Nature. 1991 Jan 10;349(6305):167-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91095022
Shioda T; Levy JA; Cheng-Mayer C; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; 94143-0128.
Strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) display a high degree of biological heterogeneity which may be linked to certain clinical manifestation of AIDS. They vary in their ability to infect different cell types, to replicate rapidly and to high titre in culture, to down-modulate the CD4 receptor, and to
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 1;88(1):120-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91095411
Watanabe M; Chen ZW; Tsubota H; Lord CI; Levine CG; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, MA 01772.
Rhesus monkeys infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac) demonstrate significant virologic and clinical improvement as a result of treatment with human recombinant soluble CD4 (rsCD4). We show that human rsCD4 does not efficiently inhibit SIVmac replication in bone marrow macrophages of rhes
South Med J. 1991 Jan;84(1):22-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91095997
Campbell LS; Stein J; Fondren LK; Kory WP; Savitz LA; Kilpatrick KE; Ricketts TC 3d; Dalton K; Meriwether RA; Roye WE; Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina,; Chapel Hill 27599-7240.
To determine the economic impact of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) cases on North Carolina hospitals, we collected inpatient data from all North Carolina hospitals on charges and number of patients discharged with these diagnoses. More than 97% of the state s hospitals responde
South Med J. 1991 Jan;84(1):97-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096014
Casey DA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of; Louisville School of Medicine, KY.
An elderly woman with symptoms of depression and an AIDS delusion was found also to have pancreatic carcinoma. I have discussed her case in conjunction with organic affective disorder, the evaluation of depression in the elderly, and suicide in the elderly.
Busch MP; Young MJ; Samson SM; Mosley JW; Ward JW; Perkins HA; Irwin Memorial Blood Centers, San Francisco, California.
Little information is available regarding the risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection for patients transfused before routine anti-HIV-1 screening of blood donors was instituted in March 1985. A model was developed for estimating both the proportion and the number of transfusion recipients in the
Am Fam Physician. 1991 Jan;43(1):197-204. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096704
Goodpasture HC; University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita.
Major advances in molecular virology have led to the development of new antiviral compounds. These drugs include ribavirin, used in the treatment of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in children; amantadine, used in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A infection;
Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Jan;86(1):1-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096754
Cappell MS; Department of Medicine, University of Medicine of New; Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson (Rutgers) Medical School, New; Brunswick.
Patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) frequently develop hepatic dysfunction. Although hepatic injury may indirectly result from malnutrition, hypotension, administered medications, sepsis, or other conditions, the hepatic injury is frequently due to opportunistic hepatic infection, directly rel
Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Jan;86(1):82-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096785
Sachs JR; Greenfield SM; Sohn M; Turner JL; Section of Gastroenterology, Graduate Hospital, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania.
Extrapulmonary infection with Pneumocystis carinii (P. carinii) in AIDS patients is uncommon, and is often described only at postmortem examination. Although most antemortem cases involve spread to the bone marrow or spleen, P. carinii involvement of other organs has only recently been described. Despite the frequency
Charasse C; Michelet C; Le Tulzo Y; Liegaux JM; Camus C; Thomas R; Cartier F; Ramee MP; Service de Reanimation Medicale, Hopital Pontchaillou, Rennes,; France.
We report a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in whom the acute onset of neurologic disorders and renal failure could be attributed to thrombotic microangiopathy. Clinical, biological, and pathological features were compatible with the diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Su
Am J Med. 1991 Jan;90(1):85-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096836
Mangione CM; Gerberding JL; Cummings SR; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
PURPOSE: To study the frequency of work-related exposures to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected blood and reporting of exposures among medical housestaff. SETTINGS: Three teaching hospitals where HIV infection is prevalent among patients. SUBJECTS: Internal medicine interns and residents in training in 1988-1
Eriki PP; Okwera A; Aisu T; Morrissey AB; Ellner JJ; Daniel TM; Ministry of Health, Tuberculosis Control Programme, Kampala,; Uganda.
The clinical, radiographic, and microbiologic features of 59 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Kampala, Uganda were studied and correlated with the serologic reactivity to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) of these patients. Two-thirds of the patients with tuberculosis w
Nassos PS; Yajko DM; Sanders CA; Hadley WK; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco General Hospital Medical Center 94110.
Over the past several years there has been a large increase in the recovery of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) isolates from respiratory specimens submitted to the clinical laboratory at San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH). This increase in MAC recovery correlates with an increase in the number of cases of acquire
Flanigan TP; Aji T; Marshall R; Soave R; Aikawa M; Kaetzel C; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University,; University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
Unremitting diarrhea with malabsorption is associated with Cryptosporidium parvum infection of the small intestine in patients with AIDS. The lack of a well-defined in vitro model of C. parvum infection has severely hampered research into the biology of cryptosporidial invasion of the host epithelial cell and developm
Goldstein JD; Zeifer B; Chao C; Moser FG; Dickson DW; Hirschfeld AD; Davis L; Department of Radiation Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center,; Bronx, NY.
Cranial CT studies of 32 patients with biopsy-proven AIDS-related primary CNS lymphoma were reviewed retrospectively. A wide variety of different CT appearances were identified. Mass lesions varied in location, size, and number. Most lesions were either iso- or hyperdense and all e
Stransky G; Gay S; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
We developed a post-embedding immunogold labeling procedure for the ultrastructural localization of the HTLV-I gag proteins p19 and p24 by the use of monoclonal antibodies (MAb). Both antigens were shown to withstand fixation with 1% glutaraldehyde. In addition, p19 antigenicity was found not to be affected by post-fi
J Immunol. 1991 Jan 15;146(2):550-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91100765
Villiger PM; Cronin MT; Amenomori T; Wachsman W; Lotz M; Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Research; Institute of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037.
IL-6 is an important regulator of humoral and cellular immunity. Although this cytokine is produced by diverse cell types, it is not known whether it is produced by T lymphocytes under physiologic conditions or which agents can induce T cell expression of IL-6. We analyzed the production of IL-6 by human peripheral bl
Rakusan TA; Parrott RH; Sever JL; Special Immunology Service, Children's National Medical Center,; Washington, D.C. 20010-2970.
At present, the only well-standardized and widely available diagnostic techniques for HIV infection are detection of IgG HIV antibodies and HIV antigen. The antibody detection is sensitive, but is useful only in infants and children older than 15 months because of the presence of maternal antibodies. The utility of HI
Escaich S; Wallon M; Baginski I; Ritter J; Philippe N; Bertrand Y; Claris O; Raudrant D; Sepetjan M; Trepo C; INSERM U271, Lyon, France.
An early and accurate diagnosis of HIV infection is needed in the offspring of seropositive mothers. To this end, we have used two techniques for the direct detection of HIV in 12 newborns tested within 2 weeks after birth and 12 children. HIV isolation was carried out in lymphocyte cocultures and compared with detect
Greenblatt RM; Hollander H; McMaster JR; Henke CJ; Department of Medicine, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco.
The objective of this study was to describe the utilization and characteristics associated with the use of prescribed, over-the-counter, investigational, and unorthodox treatments among AIDS clinic patients. This report is derived from cross-sectional data obtained using structured telephone surveys. Study participant
Friedland GH; Saltzman B; Vileno J; Freeman K; Schrager LK; Klein RS; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New; York 10467.
To define the clinical, demographic, and behavioral variables that may influence survival in patients with AIDS, we studied 526 patients with AIDS diagnosed through September 1987 who were cared for at a single medical center. A diversity of racial and ethnic backgrounds, ages, both men and women, and all risk behavio
Lu YC; Touzjian N; Stenzel M; Dorfman T; Sodroski JG; Haseltine WA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
The rate of transcription initiation directed by the long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 increases in response to mitogenic stimuli of T cells. Here we show that the response of the HIV-1 LTR may be governed by two independent sequences located 5 to the site of transcription initiation sequences that bind either NFAT
Niedzwicki JG; Kouttab NM; Mayer KH; Carpenter CC; Parks RE Jr; Abushanab E; Abernethy DR; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Brown University Providence,; Rhode Island.
Plasma concentrations of the two isoenzymes of adenosine deaminase (ADA, E.C. 3.5.4.4), adenosine deaminase1 (ADA1) and adenosine deaminase2 (ADA2), were measured in a cohort of ambulatory patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and controls. A sensitive isoenzyme-specific radioisotopic assay sys
Behets FM; Edidi B; Quinn TC; Atikala L; Bishagara K; Nzila N; Laga M; Piot P; Ryder RW; Brown CC; Projet SIDA, Kinshasa, Zaire.
Saliva and blood samples were tested for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) antibodies in two high-risk populations in Kinshasa, Zaire . In a seroprevalence study of 458 sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attendees, 142 of 145 seropositive individuals had enzyme-linked i
Bennett CL; Cvitanic M; Pascal A; Department of Social Sciences, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica,; California 90406.
This article reports on the findings of a study of medical and non-medical expenditures of persons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Los Angeles in 1987 and 1988. Sociodemographic and clinical data as well as information on medical and nonmedical expenditures on 36 persons with AIDS were obtained thro
Pomerantz RJ; Feinberg MB; Andino R; Baltimore D; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge,; Massachusetts 02142.
The long terminal repeats (LTRs) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains from the central nervous systems of four patients with AIDS and of an HIV-1 isolate which is highly macrophage-tropic were isolated by using the polymerase chain reaction. In transient transfection assays, these LTRs demonstrated n
Kaminchik J; Bashan N; Itach A; Sarver N; Gorecki M; Panet A; Biotechnology General (Israel) Ltd., Rehovot.
Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef gene was studied by in vitro transcription-translation and by transfection into monkey COS cells. Two Nef-related peptides, of 27 and 25 kDa, were identified by immunoprecipitation with anti-Nef antibodies. The relation between these two proteins was determined
Tritch RJ; Cheng YE; Yin FH; Erickson-Viitanen S; Medical Products, Department, E. I. DuPont de Nemours and Co.,; Inc., Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0400.
The virally encoded protease of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is responsible for specific cleavage events leading to the liberation of the enzymes reverse transcriptase, integrase, ribonuclease H, and the core proteins from the gag-pol and gag polyprotein precursors. Utilizing gag polyprotein synthesized in vitro
Caldwell MB; Rogers MF; Division HIV/AIDS Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for; Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.
Perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to increase. In 1989 alone, it is estimated that 1750 infected children were born in the United States . Although transmission is spreading to areas outside the cities originally most affected, these cities continue
Hilgartner M; Department of Pediatrics, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical; Center, New York.
In summary, the HIV virus was transmitted to approximately 90% of recipients by infectious blood and blood products transfused prior to donor and product testing begun in March 1985. Self-elimination of at-risk donors several years prior to testing donor blood helped to reduce the number of infected donations. Virtual
McKinney RE Jr; Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina.
Antiretroviral therapy for children is still at an early stage, although progress is being made slowly. Zidovudine administered at 180 mg/m2/dose every 6 hours is the current standard therapy for symptomatic children and those with low CD4 counts. This standard is likely to evolve as further testing clarifies the opti
Meyers A; Weitzman M; Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine,; Massachusetts.
HIV disease has emerged as a major chronic illness of childhood. Children with HIV infection and children with other chronic health impairments have much in common, including the need for comprehensive, multidisciplinary, coordinated care that includes special attention to the psychosocial effects on the child and fam
Krasinski K; Borkowsky W; Department of Pediatrics, New York University Medical Center, New; York.
Laboratory diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is complicated by absence of data on sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of the various tests as they apply to children. The presence of maternal anti-HIV passively transmitted across the placenta also confounds diagnosis. The authors revie
Noel GJ; Department of Pediatrics, New York Hospital-Cornell University; Medical College, New York.
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) impairs immune function. Most abnormalities in host defense associated with HIV infection are due to helper T-cell dysfunction. Studies defining these abnormalities in the HIV-infected patient have largely been done in adults. A more complete understanding of the immun
Burroughs MH; Edelson PJ; New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York.
Familiarity with the demographics of pediatric HIV disease and recognition of common and uncommon presentations of infection are keys to diagnosing the HIV-infected child. Subsequent management entails preventative care, including immunizations and nutritional support, as well as management of HIV-related complication
Sanders-Laufer D; DeBruin W; Edelson PJ; Department of Pediatrics, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical; Center, New York.
Since 1981, 1200 children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have been reported to the Centers for Disease Control. Among these children, Pneumocystis carinii has been the leading cause of serious morbidity and mortality. This review discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of P. carinii.
Pitt J; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia is at present a pathologic diagnosis. In the setting of a chronic interstitial pneumonia in a child with lymphocytosis, hyperglobulinemia, and lymphadenopathy or parotid enlargement, the diagnosis is often clinically presumed. At present the diagnosis can be established firmly only b
Joshi VV; Department of Clinical Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, East; Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, North; Carolina.
Pathologic lesions in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can be classified into three broad categories: (1) primary lesions related directly to infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (e.g., in the lymphoreticular system and brain); (2) associated lesions related to direct or indirect sequ
Science. 1991 Jan 18;251(4991):305-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102583
Simard C; Jolicoeur P; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Clinical Research Institute of; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
The murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) is associated with proliferation of target cells that have been infected by a defective retrovirus. To control the growth of this primary neoplasia, virus-inoculated mice were treated with anti-neoplastic drugs. Paradoxically, cyclophosphamide, which is also immuno
Kornbluth M; You-Ten E; Desbarats J; Gamache S; Xenocostas A; Lapp WS; Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec,; Canada.
We have investigated the effects of graft-versus-host disease on T cell differentiation in the murine thymus. We previously reported that GVH-induced thymic dysplasia results in a T cell immunodeficiency associated with a lack of IL-2 production. This deficiency in IL-
Dembinski AS; Smith DM; Goldsmith JC; Woods GL; Department of Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,; Omaha 68105.
Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) may be infected with many opportunistic pathogens, the most common of which is Pneumocystis carinii. P. carinii infection typically presents as a subacute pneumonia. However, rare cases of localized, extrapulmonary, and disseminated disease have been described.
Biopsy samples from five acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-Kaposi s sarcomas and one non-AIDS-associated Kaposi s sarcoma were assayed by in situ RNA hybridization onto paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin sections for the presence of two fibroblast growth factor gene transcripts, FGFB and FGF5. FGF
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1991 Jan;18(1):63-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91103565
Kagimoto T; Oda T; Nakakuma H; Kawaguchi T; Hidaka M; Horikawa K; Matsuzaki H; Takatsuki K; Dept. of 2nd Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University Medical; School.
Serum deoxythymidine kinase activities (s-TK) of the patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), carriers and healthy persons were measured, using a recently developed TK assay with 125I-iodo-deoxyuridine as a substrate. The mean s-TK values were 3.3 +/- 2.7 U/l (n = 21) in normal subjects (HTLV-1(-)), 4.7 +/- 5.0 U/l
Raphael M; Gentilhomme O; Tulliez M; Byron PA; Diebold J; Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital Cochin, Paris,; France.
High-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphomas are observed in 5% to 10% of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. To describe their histologic subtypes, a group of pathologists was formed. One hundred thirteen cases were reviewed and classified according to the Working Formulation, the updated Kiel classificati
Anzil AP; Rao C; Wrzolek MA; Visvesvara GS; Sher JH; Kozlowski PB; Department of Pathology, Kings County Hospital Center, NY.
A fatal case of meningoencephalitis due to a leptomyxid ameba in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is presented. This opportunistic organism has not been previously recognized as a human pathogen. A 36-year-old male intravenous drug abuser died after an 18-day hospital course heralded by fever and
O'Gorman MR; Weber D; Landis SE; Schoenbach VJ; Mittal M; Folds JD; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina; Hospitals, Chapel Hill 27514.
This project was designed to evaluate different criteria used in the interpretation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Western blot assay on a group of serum samples blinded to the examiner that were collected from individuals attending three different public health departments in central North Carolin
Medical information related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is highly diverse, and the practicing physician or researcher may find specific information difficult to locate. To provide timely access to medical information on topics related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), several comput
A survey based on a probability sample of U.S. households was suggested as a method to determine the number of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To test the feasibility of such a survey, CDC s National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) recently conducted a pilot study in two sites through a c
Green PL; Xie YM; Chen IS; Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles,; School of Medicine.
The Rex proteins of human T-cell leukemia virus types I and II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) induce cytoplasmic expression of unspliced gag-pol mRNA and singly spliced env mRNA and are critical for virus replication. Two rex gene products, p27rex and p21rex of HTLV-I and p26rex and p24rex of HTLV-II, have been detected in HTLV
Possible transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during an invasive dental procedure was previously reported in a young woman (patient A) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Patient A had no identified risk factor for HIV infection and was infected with a strain of HIV closely related
Griffin DE; McArthur JC; Cornblath DR; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
We measured the levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and neopterin in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of 121 human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive (HIV+) and 62-seronegative (HIV-) individuals evaluated for neurologic disease. CSF levels of IFN-gamma and serum and CSF levels of neopterin were higher in HIV+ th
From 1981 through 1990, 100,777 deaths among persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reported to CDC by local, state, and territorial health departments; almost one third (31,196) of these deaths were reported during 1990. During the 1980s, AIDS emerged as a leading cause of death among young adult
N Engl J Med. 1991 Jan 31;324(5):289-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91094968
Small PM; Schecter GF; Goodman PC; Sande MA; Chaisson RE; Hopewell PC; Medical Service, San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center,; CA 94110.
BACKGROUND AND METHODS. Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the risk of tuberculosis and may interfere with the effectiveness of antituberculosis chemotherapy. To examine the outcomes in patients with both diagnoses, we conducted a retrospective study of all 132 patients listed in both the
Hiemstra H; Tersmette M; Vos AH; Over J; van Berkel MP; de Bree H; Central Laboratory of The Netherlands, Red Cross Blood; Transfusion Service, Amsterdam.
The inactivation of HIV by gamma-radiation was studied in frozen and liquid plasma; a reduction of the virus titer of 5 to 6 logs was achieved at doses of 5 to 10 Mrad at -80 degrees C and 2.5 Mrad at 15 degrees C. The effect of irradiation on the biologic activity of a number of coagulation factors in plasma and in l
Buckner CB; Leithiser RE; Walker CW; Allison JW; Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical; Sciences, Little Rock 72205.
Diseases consequent to infection with mycobacterial organisms, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacterial species, remain a significant health problem in the United States . Over the past decade several new factors have amplified this problem, the most significant of whi
Long R; Scalcini M; Manfreda J; Carre G; Philippe E; Hershfield E; Sekla L; Stackiw W; Department of Medicine, Hopital Albert Schweitzer, Deschapelles,; Haiti.
We conducted a case-control study to determine the relative and attributable risk of HIV seropositivity for bacillary-positive (smear and/or culture) pulmonary tuberculosis in Haiti . There were 274 patients with tuberculosis and an equal number of control subjects. Antibodies to HIV
Snyder HM 3d; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
The link to urinary tract infection during infancy has renewed the neonatal circumcision debate, with all of its emotional overtones. Proponents maintain that the intact prepuce invites bacterial colonization, and this in turn can lead to permanent renal damage. Opponents cite disadvantages and risks of the procedure.
Reiss P; de Wolf F; Kuiken CL; de Ronde A; Dekker J; Boucher CA; Debouck C; Lange JM; Goudsmit J; Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Centre,; University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The relation between antibody-response profiles to Escherichia coli-produced HIV-1 nef, rev, tat, and protease proteins and the risk of developing AIDS was studied using stored serum samples taken sequentially from a cohort of 195 initially symptom-free men who were seropositive for antibodies to HIV-1 structural prot
McKeating JA; McKnight A; Moore JP; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
Several parameters which may affect the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in tissue culture were analyzed. In particular, we used gel exclusion chromatography to investigate how the loss of the surface glycoprotein gp120 from virions of the HTLV-IIIB (IIIB), HTLV-IIIRF (RF), and SF-2 isolates modulate
Sabatier JM; Vives E; Mabrouk K; Benjouad A; Rochat H; Duval A; Hue B; Bahraoui E; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre National de la Recherche; Scientifique URA 1179, Faculte de Medecine, Marseille, France.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genome codes for a trans-activating regulatory protein, tat. Using chemically synthesized tat, it was found that 125I-tat and 125I-tat38-86 specifically bound to rat brain synaptosomal membranes with moderate affinity (K0.5 = 3 microM). Interaction of tat with nerve cells was als
Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Feb;148(2):248-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91103353
Brody D; Serby M; Etienne N; Kalkstein DS; Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine,; New York VA Medical Center, NY.
OBJECTIVE: Impaired odor identification is described in a number of CNS disorders, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects the CNS in a large percentage of patients. To evaluate whether impaired olfaction may indicate CNS disease, the authors measured odor identification in patient groups defined along a contin
Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Jan;148(1):41-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91083125
Gorman JM; Kertzner R; Cooper T; Goetz RR; Lagomasino I; Novacenko H; Williams JB; Stern Y; Mayeux R; Ehrhardt AA; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State; Psychiatric Institute, NY.
OBJECTIVE: There is a controversial literature suggesting that stress, anxiety, and depression are harmful to the immune system and therefore to health. Preclinical studies indicate that activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by stress may be responsible for immunocompromise. The goal of this stud
Blood. 1991 Jan 1;77(1):133-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91084577
Weimer R; Daniel V; Zimmermann R; Schimpf K; Opelz G; Department of Transplantation Immunology, University of; Heidelberg, FRG.
To investigate whether autoantibodies against CD4-positive lymphocytes might induce helper dysfunction, autoantibody formation and T-cell function was examined simultaneously in 61 hemophilia patients. Twenty patients were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative, 26 HIV-positive stage CDC II or III, and 15 were HI
Wong JT; Colvin RB; Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
CD3,4 (anti-CD3:anti-CD4) bispecific monoclonal antibodies (BSMAB) cause a profound decrease in CD4+ T cells and a marked proliferation of CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. CD3,8 (anti-CD3:anti-CD8) BSMAB causes a reciprocal decrease in CD8+ T cells and a proliferation of CD4+ T cells. The m
Am J Med. 1991 Jan;90(1):118-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096812
Rose RM; O'Hara CJ; Harbison MA; Pinkston P; Marselle LM; Deleo M; Hammer SM; Department of Medicine, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts 02215.
The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a disorder in which peripheral blood and multiple organs are infiltrated by malignantly transformed T lymphocytes. We investigated the nature of pulmonary disease in a patient with serologic evidence of
Birx DL; Rhoads JL; Wright JC; Burke DS; Redfield RR; Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Rockville, MD 20850.
Twenty-one asymptomatic HIV-seropositive subjects and 20 HIV-seronegative controls were assessed for their serologic response to multiple live attenuated viral, protein (toxoid), and polysaccharide vaccine antigens. Extensive in vivo and in vitro immunologic evaluations were performed. Factors predictive of immunogen
Science. 1991 Jan 11;251(4990):195-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91102567
Oehen S; Hengartner H; Zinkernagel RM; Laboratory for Experimental Pathology, University of Zurich,; Switzerland.
Recombinant virus vaccines that express a limited number of epitopes are currently being developed to prevent disease by changing the relative balance between viral spread and the immune response. Some circumstances, however, were found in infections with a noncytopathic virus in which vaccination caused disease; sens
Balachandran N; Tirawatnapong S; Pfeiffer B; Ablashi DV; Salahuddin SZ; Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology,; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66103.
Proteins of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) eliciting human antibody responses were examined in serum from healthy adults and patients with AIDS, chronic fatigue syndrome, Hodgkin s disease, and Sjogren s syndrome. HHV-6 IgG antibody titers measured by immunofluorescence (IF) ranged from 1:10 to 1:1280. Lysates of HHV-6-i
Joab I; Triki H; de Saint Martin J; Perricaudet M; Nicolas JC; Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, URA 1301, Villejuif, France.
Patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex often show symptoms of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation. Several EBV-encoded trans-acting factors activate the EBV lytic cycle, and one, ZEBRA (BamHI Z EBV replication activator; also called EB1), switches EBV from its latent to productive cycle. Indirect immunofluoresc
Jackson MK; Knowles DP; Stem TA; Harwood WG; Robinson MM; Cheevers WP; Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington; State University, Pullman 99164.
The nucleotide sequence of the pol-env intergenic region of two isolates of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) was determined. Two open reading frames (orfs) were identified, designated Q and S by homology with visna virus. CAEV orf S is a single exon encoding a deduced 87-amino acid gene product sharing 36 a
Vile RG; Schulz TF; Danos OF; Collins MK; Weiss RA; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research,; London, United Kingdom.
A murine cell line, EH, expressing the gag and pol proteins of Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MLV) as well as an Mo-MLV recombinant genome with a selectable marker (histidinol dehydrogenase), was transfected with a plasmid coding for the gene of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) envelope precursor (gp
Landau NR; Page KA; Littman DR; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of; California, San Francisco.
Several epidemiologic and clinical studies suggest that patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the primary etiologic agent in AIDS, and other viruses, such as cytomegalovirus or human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), have a more severe clinical course than those
Bennett RP; Rhee S; Craven RC; Hunter E; Wills JW; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State; University Medical Center-Shreveport 71130.
Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and its relatives are unique in that they appear to encode their viral protease in the gag reading frame. As a result, this 124-amino-acid sequence is found at the carboxy terminus of each Gag precursor molecule and, upon ribosome frameshifting, embedded within each Gag-Pol molecule. However,
Remington KM; Chesebro B; Wehrly K; Pedersen NC; North TW; Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula; 59812.
We selected 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT )-resistant mutants of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in a cat cell culture system. The characterization of one of these mutants was facilitated by the development of a focal immunoassay which could accu
Antoni BA; Rabson AB; Miller IL; Trempe JP; Chejanovsky N; Carter BJ; Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute; of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
The adeno-associated virus (AAV) rep gene encodes four proteins (Rep78, Rep68, Rep52, and Rep40) required for AAV DNA replication and AAV gene regulation. In addition, the Rep proteins may have pleiotropic regulatory effects in heterologous systems, and in particular Rep78 may mediate a negative regulatory effect. We
Gras GS; Dormont D; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Experimentale et Neurovirologie,; CRSSA, DSV/DPTE, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay aux; Roses, France.
A human Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-cell line (IC.1) was characterized for cell surface antigen profile and permissivity to immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. According to cocultivation assay with MT2 cells, P24 release, and immunofluorescence assay, complement-sufficient serum enhanced in vitro infection of
JAMA. 1991 Jan 23-30;265(4):478-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91087359
Wells DL; Hopfensperger DJ; Arden NH; Harmon MW; Davis JP; Tipple MA; Schonberger LB; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, Ga 30333.
In September 1988, a previously healthy 32-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized for pneumonia and died 8 days later. The only pathogen detected was an influenza virus antigenically related to the swine influenza virus (SIV). Four days before illness onset, the patient visited a county fair swine exhibition where t
Younes M; Podesta A; Helie M; Buckley P; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, Connecticut 06510.
A 45-year-old black man presented with fever, night sweats, weight loss, and cervical lymphadenopathy. Biopsy of an enlarged node showed partial effacement of the nodal architecture by numerous cells with typical cytomegalovirus (
Cancer. 1991 Jan 15;67(2):444-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91091781
Nakhleh RE; Manivel JC; Copenhaver CM; Sung JH; Strickler JG; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of; Minnesota and Medical School, Minneapolis.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in the development of lymphomas in immunocompromised patients. To test this hypothesis, 26 lymphomas involving the central nervous system (CNS) (11 primary, 15 systemic) were studied for the presence of EBV. In situ hybridization (ISH) was performed on formalin-fixed, paraf
Foster SA; Cerny J; Cheng YC; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine,; New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) is a new antiviral compound with activity against herpes simplex virus (HSV) and retroviruses including human immunodeficiency virus. Although it has been suggested that the anti-HSV action of PMEA is through inhibition of the viral DNA polymerase via the diphosphorylated met
Matorras R; Ariceta JM; Rementeria A; Corral J; Gutierrez de Teran G; Diez J; Montoya F; Rodriguez-Escudero FJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Cruces; (Baracaldo), School of Medicine, Pais Vasco University, Bilbao,; Spain.
In a group of 92 women with genital condylomata, 15 (16.3%) human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients were found, whereas no case was detected in a control group of 100 women. The relative risk was greater than 19.28. Human immunodeficiency-positive status was associated with other parameters: lower age and parit
Skowronski J; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724.
Three lines of transgenic mice carrying the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat fused to the simian virus 40 early region (HIV-1 Tag) were constructed. Expression of the transgenes was reproducibly observed in the lymphoid tissue and skin of all three transgenic lines studied. Interestingl
Maheshwari RK; Srikantan V; Bhartiya D; Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the; Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799.
Chloroquine (CHL) has been suggested to play an important role in the development of Burkitt s lymphoma by enhancing Epstein-Barr virus expression. Herpes zoster virus incidence is markedly increased following malaria infection in children being treated with CHL. Recently, CHL has also been shown to dramatically incre
Ranjan D; Burke G; Esquenazi V; Milgrom M; Koleilat N; Roth D; Gomez C; Olson L; Babischkin S; Gharagozloo H; et al; Department of Surgery, Miami Veterans Administration Hospital,; Florida.
Long-term (10-year) results of kidney transplantation have been analyzed from this center with respect to several variables. In this report the influence of viral disease was added in studying the effect of cadaver versus living-related donor, recipient race, and compliance. Over all, 10-year actuarial patient and gra
Am J Pathol. 1991 Jan;138(1):149-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91103249
Hamilton-Dutoit SJ; Pallesen G; Franzmann MB; Karkov J; Black F; Skinhoj P; Pedersen C; Laboratory of Immunohistology, University Institute of Pathology,; Aarhus Kommunehospital, Denmark.
To investigate the range of pathology shown by acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphomas arising in an epidemiologically well-defined group of patients, all cases of lymphoma recognized in Danish human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals up to the end of 1988 were studied. Twenty-seven
Biggar RJ; Buskell-Bales Z; Yakshe PN; Caussy D; Gridley G; Seeff L; Viral Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland 20852.
Between 1972 and 1976, 585 persons attending methadone maintenance clinics at East Coast veterans hospitals were enrolled in a survey of hepatitis antibody prevalence. Sera were tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) using both HTLV-I and HTLV-II immunoblots. Clinical and d
Sen RP; Walsh TE; Fisher W; Brock N; Department of Internal Medicine, National Naval Medical Center,; Bethesda, Md.
Oral cyclophosphamide and prednisone are standard treatment for some neoplasms and necrotizing systemic vasculitis and are advocated with increasing frequency for idiopathic interstitial lung disease. During a 15-month period, we observed four cases of acute respiratory failure from Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP
Muller C; Wolf H; Gottlicher J; Zielinski CC; Eibl MM; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of; Vienna, Austria.
Cellular immunological abnormalities were studied in a patient with protein-losing enteropathy associated with constrictive pericarditis. Analysis of lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood showed lymphopenia with a decrease of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells, whereas CD8+ lymphocytes, B cells and NK cells were within the
Jasin M; Page KA; Littman DR; Beckman Center, Department of Biochemistry, Stanford Medical; Center, California 94305.
Human and mouse cell lines that expressed a CD4/Thy-1 fusion protein on the cell surface were constructed and tested for the capacity to be infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The human cell lines, in contrast to the mouse line, were infectable. The CD4/Thy-1 fusion, which is anchored to the membrane by a glyc
Lancet. 1991 Jan 5;337(8732):12-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91087594
Corazza GR; Zoli G; Ginaldi L; Cancellieri C; Profeta V; Gasbarrini G; Quaglino D; Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of L'Aquila,; Italy.
Tuftsin is an endogenous tetrapeptide that stimulates phagocytosis and is released from the Fc fragment of IgG by a splenic endocarboxypeptidase. Tuftsin activity and splenic function were measured in 21 patients with AIDS, 7 patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC), 22 patients who had undergone splenectomy, and 37 h
Lancet. 1991 Jan 5;337(8732):17-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91087598
Humphrey M; Mosca J; Baker JR Jr; Drabick JJ; Carr FE; Burke DS; Wartofsky L; Djuh YY; Burman KD; Endocrine-Metabolic Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center,; Washington, DC 20307.
An earlier report of HIV-1 gene sequences in thyroid cell genomic DNA from patients with Graves disease prompted use of the polymerase chain reaction technique to identify such sequences in Graves disease thyroid tissue and in white blood-cells from these patients. We were unable to confirm the existence of HIV-1-re
Lancet. 1991 Jan 5;337(8732):30-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91087605
Kline RL; Brothers T; Halsey N; Boulos R; Lairmore MD; Quinn TC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of HTLV-I/II assays, serum from 1100 pregnant Haitian women was tested with seven commercially available HTLV I/II assays. Serum that was found to be reactive in any assay was analysed by western blot and all indeterminate samples were further characterised by radioimmunopre
Lancet. 1991 Jan 12;337(8733):76-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91087675
Hattori T; Asou N; Suzushima H; Takatsuki K; Tanaka K; Naito K; Natori H; Oizumi K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; Medical School, Japan.
In a 72-year-old man with watery diarrhoea and leukocytosis the proliferation of abnormal cells was studied in specimens obtained by endoscopic biopsy of the gastrointestinal tract. Flow cytometry of leukaemia cells revealed a monoclonal expansion of double-negative (CD4-, CD8-) cells bearing T-cell receptor (TCR) alp
Kurosawa M; Machii T; Kitani T; Tokumine Y; Kawa K; Maekawa I; Kawamura T; Miyake T; Kanda M; Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Kosei Hospital, Japan.
Hairy cell leukemia complicating hemolytic anemia developed in a 46-year-old woman. Morphologically and cytochemically typical hairy cells were found to express both CD20 and CD2 antigens. Expression of surface IgG of kappa-chain type and the rearrangement of Ig but not T-cell receptor beta genes confirmed a B-cell or
Ann Pathol. 1990;10(4):258-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91076950
Dauzan YR; Merlio JP; Grelier P; Ip Kan Fong H; Dachary D; Goussot JF; de Mascarel A; Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hopital Saint-Andre,; Bordeaux.
Nineteen colorectal biopsy specimens, stained by Hematein-Eosin-Safran (HES), were examined by light microscopy and showed a thick, blue and fuzzy brush border. Without any further microbiologic investigation, this histologic feature is considered strongly suggestive of colorectal spirochetosis. Our study concerned 19
Larcher C; Broker M; Huemer HP; Solder B; Schulz TF; Hofbauer JM; Wachter H; Dierich MP; Institut fur Hygiene, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced in Balb/c mice by immunization with recombinant gp41 derived from expression of lambda-BH10 cDNA of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in the prokaryotic expression vector pEX-41. Characterization of the epitopes recognized by these MAbs was done with HIV-1 envelo
Kapoor R; Griffin G; Barrett G; Fowler CJ; Department of Neurology, The Middlesex Hospital, London, U.K.
An HIV-positive patient is described who presented with action myoclonus. Unusually, focal sinusoidal EEG burst complexes with a frequency of 40 and 55 Hz could be recorded over the sensorimotor cortex. Activity having a similar frequency was evoked in this area by posterior tibial nerve stimulation in the affected le
Peptide fragments of the CD4 molecule were compared in their ability to 1) inhibit CD4-dependent HIV-induced cell fusion; 2) inhibit CD4-dependent HIV infection in vitro; and 3) block gp120 envelope glycoprotein binding to CD4. Peptides from the region CD4(81-92), although inactive when underivatized, were equipotent
J Immunol. 1991 Jan 1;146(1):121-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91079535
Cheung SC; Chattopadhyay SK; Hartley JW; Morse HC 3d; Pitha PM; Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
Mice infected with LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) develop a syndrome denoted as murine AIDS. Macrophages harvested from the peritoneal cavities of these mice at 4 or 9 wk postinoculation with LP-BM5 MuLV were analyzed by Northern hybridization for the presence of the defective LP-BM5 virus and their ability to sy
J Immunol. 1991 Jan 1;146(1):199-205. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/D10149
Sun LK; Liou RS; Sun NC; Gossett LA; Sun C; Davis FM; MacGlashan DW Jr; Chang TW; Tanox Biosystems, Inc., Houston, TX 77025.
Because of the lack of a cell line expressing on surface and secreting human IgE of known Ag specificity, the construction of a transfectoma line possessing such properties would be useful for studying the roles of surface IgE and the effects of anti-IgE antibodies on IgE-producing B cells. Toward this goal, the human
J Immunol. 1991 Jan 1;146(1):298-306. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91079564
Kalter DC; Nakamura M; Turpin JA; Baca LM; Hoover DL; Dieffenbach C; Ralph P; Gendelman HE; Meltzer MS; Department of Cellular Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of; Research, Washington, DC 20307.
Monocytes cultured 7 to 10 days in recombinant human macrophage CSF (MCSF) were greater than 400-fold more susceptible to HIV infection than an equal number of cells cultured in medium alone. Levels of reverse transcriptase activity and p24 Ag in culture fluids of monocytes treated with MCSF 1 wk before and continuous
Safai B; Bason M; Friedman-Birnbaum R; Nisce L; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, NY 10021.
This report is intended to summarize the use of Interferon in the treatment of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) associated with AIDS. The review is basically focused on the trials in the United States , which resulted in approval by the Food & Drug Administration ( FDA
Vet Microbiol. 1990 Sep;24(3-4):235-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91082374
Gingeras TR; Richman DD; Kwoh DY; Guatelli JC; Salk Institute Biotechnology/Industrial Associates, Inc., La; Jolla, CA 92037.
The capability to detect the genetic elements (DNA or RNA) of a particular pathogen as a means of identifying the infectious agent has been the traditional function of nucleic acid hybridization assays. The low copy number of genetic material from several types of viral pathogens has fostered the development of in vit
Balachandran R; Thampatty P; Enrico A; Rinaldo C; Gupta P; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate; School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 15261.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from asymptomatic homosexual men and AIDS patients were compared for their in vitro biologic and genetic properties. Most of the HIV-1 isolates from asymptomatic men, but not from AIDS patients, failed to infect CD4+ H9 cells and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated periph
Hizi A; Tal R; Hughes SH; Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Sackler School of; Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
We have constructed a plasmid that, when introduced into Escherichia coli, induces the synthesis of large quantities of a polypeptide with an apparent molecular weight of 68 kDa. The HIV-2 reverse transcriptase (RT) made in E. coli is soluble in bacterial extracts and possesses both RNA-dependent DNA polymerase and ri
Malignant lymphomas were observed in 38% (9 of 24) of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) 5 to 15 months after inoculation with SIV strain SMM3. Lymphomagenesis in the SIV-infected monkeys was not related directly to the SIV-infectious dose given. All SIV-infected anim
Akerblom L; Hinkula J; Broliden PA; Makitalo B; Fridberger T; Rosen J; Villacres-Eriksson M; Morein B; Wahren B; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary; Medicine, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.
Amino acid sequences inducing neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 were sought. Murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were characterized by their reactivity with the envelope precursor gp160 or the Escherichia coli recombinant DNA products pB1 and pE3 representing the carboxy- and amino-terminal halves of mature envelope gp
Quinn TC; Narain JP; Zacarias FR; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,; Maryland.
Laurence J; Sikder SK; Kulkosky J; Miller P; Ts'o PO; Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New; York, New York 10021.
Oligodeoxynucleosides with internucleoside methylphosphonate linkages complementary to regions within U3 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 were evaluated for their ability to block phorbol myristate acetate upregulation of virus in chronically infected promonocytic and T-lymphoblastoid cell lines. One such oligom
Kowalski M; Bergeron L; Dorfman T; Haseltine W; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts.
The cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are specific for cells that express the CD4 viral receptor and consist of syncytium formation and single-cell lysis. Here we report that a mutation (517A) affecting the amino terminus of the HIV-1 gp41 transmembrane envelope glycoprotein r
Ho DD; McKeating JA; Li XL; Moudgil T; Daar ES; Sun NC; Robinson JE; Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of; Medicine, New York 10016.
A human monoclonal antibody designated 15e is reactive with the envelope glycoprotein (gp120) of multiple isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Antibody 15e also neutralizes HIV-1 with broad specificity and blocks gp120 binding to CD4. Characterization of the 15e epitope shows that it is conformatio
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9620-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91088567
Kobayashi N; Hamamoto Y; Yamamoto N; Ishii A; Yonehara M; Yonehara S; Department of Virology and Parasitology, School of Medicine,; Yamaguchi University, Japan.
A cytotoxic monoclonal antibody (anti-Fas mAb) against the 200-kDa cell surface Fas antigen, which is associated with the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor, was examined for its in vitro activity on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cells. It was found that both TNF and anti-Fas mAb selectively killed the
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9938-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91088626
Wolfs TF; de Jong JJ; Van den Berg H; Tijnagel JM; Krone WJ; Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
The principal neutralization epitope of human immunodeficiency virus 1 is localized in the third variable (V3) domain of the external envelope and has been shown to bind isolate-specific antibodies. Therefore, the extent of variation within the nucleic acid sequence encoding this epitope was studied in DNA directly ob
Dionisio D; Di Lollo S; Milo D; Gabbrielli M; Asirelli G; Giannelli E; Mecocci L; Tortoli E; Divisione Malattie infettive, Policlinico di Careggi, Firenze.
The Authors focus on two cases, studied by electron and light microscopy, of Whipple-like disease caused by atypical mycobacteria in AIDS. Differential characteristics between the cases and classical Whipple s disease are analyzed with regard to the diagnostic and therapeutical peculiarities of Mycobacterium avium-int
Szabo B; Toth FD; Laczko J; Kiss J; Ujhelyi E; Fust G; Hollan ZR; Institute of Microbiology, University Medical School, Debrecen,; Hungary.
The presence of virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of asymptomatic antibody positive haemophiliacs was detected by assaying for reverse transcriptase and confirmed by electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. HIV has been detected in 5 out of 7 individuals. In order to investigate strain variation, supernat
Palasanthiran P; Ziegler JB; Kemp AS; Ekert H; Jupe DM; Gatenby PA; Keller AJ; Smales O; Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Fifteen children (11 males and four females), on oral Zidovudine ( AZT ) for symptomatic HIV infection were studied retrospectively. Twelve acquired HIV via blood products, two from vertical transmission (maternal intravenous needle sharing) and one thr
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1061-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090980
Barber AM; Hizi A; Maizel JV Jr; Hughes SH; Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Reverse transcriptase (RT) plays an essential role in the life cycle of the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). A better understanding of this enzyme, and its two catalytic functions, the DNA polymerase and the RNase H, could lead to the development of new drugs that would specifically block HIV replication. The ava
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1087-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090983
Bahraoui E; Yagello M; Billaud JN; Sabatier JM; Guy B; Muchmore E; Girard M; Gluckman JC; UDC, CNRS UA 1179-INSERM U172, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Faculte; de Medecine Nord, Marseille, France.
The nonstructural nef gene product of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), p27, is a regulatory early phase protein produced by HIV-infected cells. As a possible negative regulator of transcription, it has been suggested that p27 may be involved in the control of HIV proviral latency. Immune reactivity to p27 may resul
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1107-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090985
Pasquali JL; Kieny MP; Kolbe H; Christmann D; Knapp AM; Laboratoire d'immunopathologie Clinique Medicale A, Hopital; Central, Strasbourg, France.
The human immunodeficiency virus 1 envelope glycoprotein is synthesized as a precursor, gp160, which is subsequently cleaved to generate the external gp120 and the transmembrane gp41. Both of these cleavage products are known to mediate critical functions of the virus. In order to define the best strategy for the deve
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1990 Sep;6(9):1115-23. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91090986
Durda PJ; Bacheler L; Clapham P; Jenoski AM; Leece B; Matthews TJ; McKnight A; Pomerantz R; Rayner M; Weinhold KJ; E.I. Du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc., North Billerica, MA 01862.
We have developed a series of murine monoclonal antibodies to a region of the 120 kD envelope glycoprotein (gp120) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). This region has previously been implicated as a site for virus neutralization by antisera raised to recombinant proteins and by antibodies made to full-leng
Furfine ES; Reardon JE; Division of Experimental Therapy, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
Human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase.RNase H (RT.RNase H) has an RNA hydrolysis specificity which was influenced both by the sequence of the DNA primer-RNA template and by binding of the polymerase active site to the primer 3 terminus. RT.RNase H selectively hydrolyzed the phosphodiester bond between th
Chanh TC; Alderete BE; Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas 78228-0147.
Capping of concanavalin A (Con A) and anti-Leu-8 (L8) receptors on human peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) membranes was studied utilizing fluorochrome-conjugated ligands and flow cytometric analysis. Histogram profiles of fluorescent intensities consistently revealed a time-dependent decrease in numbers of brightly
Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Jan;86(1):79-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91096784
Maliha GM; Hepps KS; Maia DM; Gentry KR; Fraire AE; Goodgame RW; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; Texas.
Previous case reports have demonstrated that the intestinal pathology of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) infection in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has a light microscopic appearance similar to Whipple s disease. This case report describes a 52-yr-old male patient with a clinical picture sugg
Wills RJ; Department of Drug Metabolism, R. W. Johnson Pharmaceutical; Research Institute, Raritan, New Jersey.
Interferons are a family of proteins shown to be effective in the treatment of viral (condylomata, acuminata) and neoplastic (hairy cell leukaemia and AIDS-related Kaposi s sarcoma) diseases. To date, the clinical utility of the interferons has been hampered by an incomplete understanding of their mechanism of action.
FEBS Lett. 1990 Dec 17;277(1-2):239-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91099506
Robert D; Sallafranque-Andreola ML; Bordier B; Sarih-Cottin L; Tarrago-Litvak L; Graves PV; Barr PJ; Fournier M; Litvak S; Institut de Biochimie Cellulaire et Neurochimie du CNRS,; Bordeaux, France.
Retroviral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase or RT) uses the 3 OH end of a cellular tRNA as primer to initiate DNA synthesis. Previous work with avian retrovirus has shown that reverse transcriptase is implicated in the selection of cellular virion-encapsidated tRNAs and has shown that the primer tRN
Hoth DF Jr; Myers MW; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda.
Zidovudine has proved to be an important palliative agent in all stages of HIV infection. It delays progression of disease in patients with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic infection and decreases the frequency and severity of opportunistic disease in those with AIDS. The search for other, more effective antiretrovi
J Immunol. 1991 Jan 15;146(2):507-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/91100759
Attanasio R; Allan JS; Anderson SA; Chanh TC; Kennedy RC; Department of Virology and Immunology, Southwest Foundation for; Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX 78228-0147.
A series of mouse monoclonal anti-CD4 preparations was characterized for the ability to recognize overlapping epitopes on CD4 and to inhibit HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) syncytium formation. Based on this characterization, mAb able to recognize CD4 epitopes overlapping the HIV binding site were selected and
Olafsson K; Smith MS; Marshburn P; Carter SG; Haskill S; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North; Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7295.
Heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 is likely to involve transmission of virus present in seminal fluid to inflammatory cells, particularly macrophages, present in the endometrium and peritoneal cavity. We have investigated the susceptibility of peritoneal macrophages and the corresponding autologous blood monocytes fr
Chong YH; Payne SL; Issel CJ; Montelaro RC; Rushlow KE; Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of; Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15261.
A panel of recombinant trpLE-gag fusion proteins and synthetic peptides was used in Western immunoblot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to identify segments of the major core protein (p26) of equine infectious anemia virus that are antigenic in horses during experimental and natural infections with the virus. Th
Roy S; Agy M; Hovanessian AG; Sonenberg N; Katze MG; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
A number of eucaryotic viruses have devised strategies to minimize the deleterious effects on protein synthesis caused by activation of the interferon-induced, double-stranded-RNA-activated protein kinase, P68. In a recent report, we described the down regulation of the P68 protein kinase in cells infected by human im
Jordan CA; Watkins BA; Kufta C; Dubois-Dalcq M; Laboratory of Viral and Molecular Pathogenesis, National; Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
In the central nervous system of AIDS patients, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects primarily microglia, a cell type of bone marrow origin. Moreover, microglial cells isolated from adult human brain support the replication of macrophage-adapted strains of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) (B.A. Watkins, H.H. Dorn, W.B. Kelly,
Cheung SC; Chattopadhyay SK; Morse HC 3d; Pitha PM; Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,; Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
A syndrome characterized by severe immunodeficiency and lymphoproliferation develops in susceptible strains of mice infected with a mixture of murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs) designated LP-BM5 MuLV. The etiologic agent in this mixture has been shown to be a replication-defective virus (BM5d) with a 4.8-kb genome that
Spiegel L; Mayers A; New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York.
The first part of this article addresses the neuropsychiatric aspects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children and adolescents, including developmental delay, depression, and dementia . The specific clinical issues of disclosure of diagnosis and discussion of deat
Pedersen BK; Tvede N; Diamant M; Gerstoft J; Bagge Hansen M; Haahr PM; Hording M; Kappel M; Klokker M; Soeberg B; et al; Department of Infectious Diseases M, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
The immunomodulatory drug isoprinosine has been found to delay the occurrence of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected individuals. To elucidate the mechanism of action, eight HIV-positive, healthy patients were treated with isoprinosine, 3 g/day for 28 days; six patients received no treatment but were examined in
Karcher DS; Frost AR; Department of Pathology, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, D.C. 20037.
To determine the true incidence of abnormalities in bone marrow specimens from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the clinical significance of these abnormalities regarding their cause and their role in the production of hematologic complications, 216 bone marrow biopsies, aspirates, and/or
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