Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1990. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
CANCER IN AIDS AND OTHER IMMUNODEFICIENCY STATES
Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. Third Edition. DeVita VT Jr. et al, eds. Philadelphia, Lippincott, p. 1953-70, 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90667004 Groopman JE; Broder S; Div. of Hematology/Oncology, New England Deaconess Hosp., Boston,; MA
Abstract:
In humans, various conditions characterized by impaired immune function are associated with a higher frequency of certain cancers than occur in age-matched controls. Certain immunodeficiency states and their relation to cancer are discussed under the following headings: cancer in allotransplant recipients, cancer in patients (pts) with inherent abnormalities of the immune system, severe combined immunodeficiency, ataxia telangiectasia, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, sex-linked/Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative syndrome; infantile sex-linked hypogammaglobulinemia (Bruton type); common variable immunodeficiency, and cancer and AIDS (epidemiology and pathophysiology of Kaposi's sarcoma [KS], histopathology, clinical manifestations of epidemic KS, staging, therapeutic modalities in epidemic KS, and lymphoma and other neoplasms). There is about a 6% incidence of de novo cancer in organ allotransplant recipients who receive immunosuppressive therapy. This frequency of cancer represents at least a 100-fold (and possibly higher) increase in risk compared to that of an age-corrected general population. Attempts to analyze the true incidence of cancer in pts with abnormalities of immunity are complicated by at least 3 potential sources of error: (1) Certain kinds of immunodeficiency disease may be underreported; (2) certain histologic forms of cancer may be seriously overreported; and (3) the histopathologic classification of neoplasms, especially non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), has changed over the years, making it difficult to compare pts diagnosed at different times. Despite these limitations, 3 generalizations can be formulated: (1) children with inherited immunodeficiency diseases who develop cancer tend to have NHL, (2) certain immunodeficiency states have an association with a particular type or pattern of neoplastic disease (eg, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and myelogenous leukemia), and (3) the stomach is a common target organ for carcinomas in adult pts with common variable immunodeficiency disease. AIDS is associated with a wide spectrum of neoplasms, the foremost of which is KS. Other neoplasms in AIDS are B-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, and cloacogenic and rectal carcinomas, although it is not clear whether these neoplasms occur at increased frequency in HIV-infected pts. (128 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*COMPLICATIONS/THERAPY Ataxia Telangiectasia/COMPLICATIONS Combined Modality Therapy Herpesvirus 4, Human Human Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/*COMPLICATIONS/THERAPY Neoplasms/*ETIOLOGY Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/THERAPY Opportunistic Infections/ETIOLOGY Sarcoma, Kaposi's/ETIOLOGY/THERAPY Skin Neoplasms/ETIOLOGY/THERAPY Tumor Virus Infections/ETIOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEW, TUTORIAL REVIEW 901230
M90C3737
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1990. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
