NEUROLOGY IN AIDS NLM AIDSLINE Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1990. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

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NEUROLOGY IN AIDS

Aids and Infections of Homosexual Men. Second Edition. Ma P and Armstrong D, eds. Boston, Butterworths, p. 265-83 1989.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/90659647
Grundman M; Felder MS; Donnenfeld H; Masdeu JC; New York Medical Coll., New York, NY

Abstract: Neurologic symptoms occur in up to two-thirds of all patients (pts) with AIDS during their lifetime, and 75-90% of pts with AIDS have neuropathologic changes at autopsy. About 10% of pts with AIDS present with a neurologic complaint as their initial manifestation of the disease. The neurologic complications of AIDS can be divided by etiology into those secondary to HIV infection itself and those related to superinfections, neoplasms, associated cerebrovascular disease, and metabolic or toxic causes. Neuropathogenesis and clinical syndromes of AIDS neuropathy are reviewed. HIV-induced neurologic disease includes the following: aseptic meningitis, HIV encephalopathy (AIDS dementia), vacuolar myelopathy, and peripheral neuropathies. Viruses other than HIV that affect the nervous system in pts with AIDS include cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, and papovavirus (JC virus that causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy). Nonviral diseases affecting the nervous system in pts with AIDS include toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, mycobacterial infections, bacterial infections, and neurosyphilis. Primary CNS lymphoma, systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma are neoplasms that affect the nervous system in pts with AIDS. Cerebrovascular complications of AIDS are common; some infarctions appear to be embolic from the heart, but others are associated with other causes, including cerebral vasculitis, circulating immune complexes, lupus-type anticoagulants, lymphoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and thrombocytopenia. (32 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*COMPLICATIONS AIDS Dementia Complex/ETIOLOGY Brain Neoplasms/ETIOLOGY *Homosexuality Human Lymphoma/ETIOLOGY Male Nervous System Diseases/*ETIOLOGY Nervous System Neoplasms/*ETIOLOGY Opportunistic Infections/*ETIOLOGY Sarcoma, Kaposi's/ETIOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEW, TUTORIAL REVIEWKWDacquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome/KWDcomplicationsaidsdementiacomplex/etiologybrainneoplasms/etiologyKWDhomosexualityhumanlymphoma/etiologymalenervoussystemdiseases/KWDetiologynervoussystemneoplasms/KWDetiologyopportunisticinfections/KWDetiologysarcoma,kaposi's/etiologymonographreview,tutorialreview
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Copyright © 1990 - National Library of Medicine. Reproduced under license with the National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.

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