Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1989. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
GASTROINTESTINAL RADIOLOGY IN AIDS PATIENTS
Radiology of AIDS. Federle MP et al, eds. New York, Raven, p. 77-105, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89655314 Megibow AJ; Wall SD; Balthazar EJ; Rybak BJ; University Hosp., New York Univ. Medical Center, 560 First Ave.,; New York, NY 10016
Abstract:
Of the 12 diseases indicative of AIDS without proof of HIV infection, 6 may directly or exclusively involve the GI tract. The radiographic features of the most common diseases seen in the alimentary tract and biliary tree of AIDS patients (pts) are reviewed on a regional basis. Emphasis is on those features predominantly demonstrated by barium radiography with secondary mention of computed tomography (CT) findings; 43 figures complement the text. Dysphagia is a common complaint among AIDS pts; radiographic assessment of esophagitis is useful for distinguishing between Candida and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections and for differentiating infections from neoplasms such as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Non-neoplastic lesions of the stomach are seen most often at the gastroesophageal junction and juxtapyloric antrum; in the authors' experience, the major etiology of such pathology is infection due to CMV. Duodenal and small intestinal disease accounts for the greatest percentage of GI abnormalities seen radiographically in AIDS pts. Organisms commonly noted to cause enteritis in these pts include CMV and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare cryptosporidium. KS and lymphoma are commonly seen neoplasms. Radiologic evaluation is based on the distribution of disease, the presence or absence of distortion of the small bowel folds, the presence or absence of nodularity, and changes in the small bowel caliber. Although several colitides are unique in AIDS pts, only CMV colitis produces radiographic findings that may be distinguishable from other infectious colitides. As in the small intestine, KS and lymphoma are the two major neoplasms found in the colon of AIDS pts. Most reported cases of biliary tract involvement in AIDS pts described acalculous cholecystitis secondary to CMV or cryptosporidial infection. (55 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS/*RADIOGRAPHY Bile Duct Diseases/RADIOGRAPHY Gastrointestinal Diseases/COMPLICATIONS/*RADIOGRAPHY Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*RADIOGRAPHY Human Lymphoma/RADIOGRAPHY Opportunistic Infections/COMPLICATIONS/RADIOGRAPHY Sarcoma, Kaposi's/RADIOGRAPHY Tomography, X-Ray Computed MONOGRAPH REVIEW, TUTORIAL REVIEW
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1989. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
