SITE-DIRECTED ELISA IDENTIFIES A HIGHLY ANTIGENIC REGION OF THE SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TRANSMEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1989. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

SITE-DIRECTED ELISA IDENTIFIES A HIGHLY ANTIGENIC REGION OF THE SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TRANSMEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN

Vaccines 88. New Chemical and Genetic Approaches to Vaccination: Prevention of AIDS and Other Viral, Bacterial, and Parasitic Diseases. Ginsberg H et al, eds. New York, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, p. 271-6, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89649768
Johnson PR; Purcell RH; Chanock RM; Parks DE; Norrby E; Lerner RA; Lab. of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892

Abstract: A diagnostic test was developed recently for human AIDS that utilizes synthetic peptides as solid-phase antigens in a site-directed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A similar ELISA was developed using a synthetic peptide from an analogous region of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) transmembrane glycoprotein (gp32), which proved to be highly immunoreactive with sera from SIV-infected primates. The reactivity extends across four primate species from three genera (Macaca, Cercocebus, and Cercopithecus) and identifies infection in at least two distinct isolates of SIV in experimentally and naturally infected monkeys. The peptide developed represents a simple, accessible, and relatively inexpensive method for screening large numbers of primates. The peptide used in the assay can be synthesized in large amounts, and the assay is standardized readily. The peptide used in this assay and the analogous sequences of HIV-1 and HIV-2 have some unique structural features. Two closely spaced cysteine residues may serve to orient the peptide in a configuration similar to that which it assumes in the native gp32 molecule, perhaps via disulfide bonding. It will be important to investigate the immunogenic properties of this region of the SIV gp32 in primates, with the goal of achieving high-titered antibodies that recognize the native envelope glycoprotein and neutralize infectious virus in vitro and in vivo. (20 Refs)

Keywords: Animal Antibody Formation *Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Glycoproteins/*IMMUNOLOGY Haplorhini Monkey Diseases/*IMMUNOLOGY Peptides/IMMUNOLOGY Retroviridae Infections/IMMUNOLOGY/*VETERINARY Species Specificity SIV/*IMMUNOLOGY Viral Envelope Proteins/*IMMUNOLOGY MEETING PAPER

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