SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE REAGENTS SEROLOGICALLY DISTINGUISH AMONG INFECTIONS CAUSED BY HIV-1 STRAINS AND BETWEEN HIV-1 AND HIV-2 INFECTIONS

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1989. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE REAGENTS SEROLOGICALLY DISTINGUISH AMONG INFECTIONS CAUSED BY HIV-1 STRAINS AND BETWEEN HIV-1 AND HIV-2 INFECTIONS

Vaccines 88. New Chemical and Genetic Approaches to Vaccination: Prevention of AIDS and Other Viral, Bacterial, and Parasitic Diseases. Ginsberg H et al, eds. New York, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, p. 327-33, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89649777
Gnann JW Jr; Nelson JA; Oldstone MB; McCormick JB; Dept. of Immunology, Res. Inst. of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA; 92037

Abstract: Synthetic peptides provide the basis for more specific immunodiagnostic assays that are needed to define more accurately the respective roles of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in the AIDS epidemic. Using synthetic peptides representing portions of various proteins encoded by the HIV-1 gag, pol, and env genes, the immunogenic epitope of HIV-1 was determined and the minimal essential epitope was identified. The effects of single amino acid substitutions on reactivity, and the reactivity of a synthetic peptide derived from the transmembrane glycoprotein of HIV-2 also were examined. It was demonstrated that the amino acid sequence LGLWGCSGKLIC from gp41 of HIV-1 is a highly immunogenic epitope. A synthetic peptide with this sequence can be used as an antigen in a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to identify HIV-1 antibodies in sera from infected patients (pts). The minimal sequence for antibody binding is a seven-amino acid sequence (CSGKLIC), containing two essential cysteine residues. Single amino acid substitutions can be made in this domain of HIV-1 to create immunoreactive antigens that are increasingly or decreasingly strain-specific. This reactive epitope is partially conserved in the transmembrane glycoprotein of HIV-2. A synthetic HIV-2 peptide with the sequence NSWGCAFRQVC was found to react with sera from HIV-2-infected pts but not with sera from pts infected with HIV-1 only. (11 Refs)

Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*IMMUNOLOGY Amino Acid Sequence Antibodies, Viral/BIOSYNTHESIS Antibody Specificity AIDS-Related Complex/IMMUNOLOGY Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Epitopes/IMMUNOLOGY Human HIV Antigens/IMMUNOLOGY HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV-2/*IMMUNOLOGY Peptides/*IMMUNOLOGY Vaccines, Synthetic/*IMMUNOLOGY Viral Envelope Proteins/IMMUNOLOGY Viral Vaccines/*IMMUNOLOGY MEETING PAPER

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