ANIMAL MODELS OF HTLV-III/LAV INFECTION AND AIDS

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1989. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

ANIMAL MODELS OF HTLV-III/LAV INFECTION AND AIDS

AIDS: Modern Concepts and Therapeutic Challenges. Broder S, ed. New York, Marcel Dekker, p. 63-73, 1987.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89650439
Kanki PJ; Essex M; Dept. of Cancer Biology, Harvard Sch. of Public Health, Boston,; MA

Abstract: Animal retroviruses are reviewed, and their potential to aid understanding of human T-lymphotropic virus III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) and its role in AIDS is discussed. Topics include feline leukemia viruses, simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV-I, STLV-III), and experimental infection of HTLV-III/LAV in chimpanzees. Many retroviruses found in outbred mammal systems provide valuable model systems for the study of AIDS. The T-lymphotropic retrovirus of cats causes lymphopenia and immunosuppression as well as leukemia. The STLV-III viruses appear to be closely related to HTLV-III/LAV, with common epitopes in all the major antigens of this virus. The further identification and characterization of these cross-reactive epitopes may be directly applicable to vaccine development. The availability of a virus-infected primate species that either resists disease development (African green monkey) or succumbs to an AIDS-like syndrome (rhesus monkey) provides two models that should aid in understanding the pathobiology of these viruses and the development of an AIDS vaccine. The chimpanzee is the only animal species that can be reproducibly infected with the AIDS virus. Although the data demonstrate persistent infection with HTLV-III/LAV, an AIDS-like disease has not been shown. Some animals did demonstrate temporary lymphadenopathy with some alterations in T4 and/or T8 levels. Development of such an animal model system would be useful for vaccine studies and therapy trials. (44 Refs)

Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*MICROBIOLOGY Animal Cell Transformation, Viral Chimpansee troglodytes Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral *Disease Models, Animal Haplorhini Human HIV/*PATHOGENICITY Leukemia Virus, Feline/PATHOGENICITY Leukemia, Experimental/MICROBIOLOGY SIV/PATHOGENICITY STLV/PATHOGENICITY Viremia/MICROBIOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL

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