Chicago, Ill. : Foundation of the American College of Healthcare Executives, [1987] 1 sound cassette : 1 7/8 ips Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/8900818A
(Producer) This documentary shows how educators are getting the message out about AIDS. Model program in Baltimore, MD; New Jersey; and Brooklyn, NY; use physicians, educators, and outreach workers to inform inner city residents, rescue workers, church members, and teenagers about prevention, transmission, consequen
Chicago, Ill. : Foundation of the American College of Healthcare Executives, [1988] 1 sound cassette : 1 7/8 ips Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/8900817A
Program [New York, N.Y.] : Gay Men's Health Crisis, Baxley Associates, c1989 1 videocassette (25 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/8900729A
(Producer) The Buffer Zone succinctly and graphically lays out the clinical course of HIV infection and delineates the corresponding psychosocial problems commonly encountered by mental health professionals.
[Bethesda, Md.] : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health ; Springfield, Va. : U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Technical Information Service [distributor, 1986] x, 140 p (Oncology overview) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8909453
Pacific Manila, Philippines : Printed and distributed by the Regional Office for the Western Pacific of the World Health Organization, 1988 24 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8909769
Washington, DC : American Psychological Association, c1989 ix, 113 p (Bibliographies in psychology ; no. 6) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8909275
Jones JM; Kerby JL; Landry CP
Lists entries to 765 journal articles and dissertations, as well as 203 books and chapters, focusing on the psychological aspects of AIDS. Arranged topically. Entries give bibliographical information and abstracts. Author, subject indexes. Also includes search strategy.
Galvao-Castro B; Ivo-Dos-Santos J; Couto-Fernandez JC; Bongertz V; Chequer-Bou-Habib D; Sion FS; Barth OM; Pereira H; Pereira MS; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
A retrovirus infecting a Brazilian AIDS patient was isolated and characterized in terms of its reactivity with sera from individuals infected with human immunodeficiency viruses 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2). The Western blot analysis revealed that the Brazilian isolate is very similar to the well characterized HIV-1 stra
Siddiqui AR; Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine,; Indianapolis.
Functional hyposplenia can be defined as decreased splenic phagocytosis. A case of functional hyposplenia is reported in a child with AIDS-related complex.
Rosberger DF; Werner PA; Steinman R; Stevens CE; Friedman-Kien AE; Rubinstein P; Galbraith RM; Department of Microbiology, Medical University of South Carolina,; Charleston 29425.
A previous report suggested a relationship between particular phenotypes of group specific component (Gc), and susceptibility or resistance to HIV infection, whereas other recent investigations failed to corroborate this finding. The present study demonstrated that Gc allele frequencies in white homosexual men corresp
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1988 Oct;22(1-2):75-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89170249
Robertson JA; Plant MA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, U.K.
A complex association between alcohol consumption and sexual behaviour has long since been established. During 1985 a survey of 335 young adults was conducted in South East Scotland. Information was elicited about sexual behaviour, alcohol and other psychoactive drug use. The results indicate that amongst both males a
Int J Health Serv. 1988;18(4):521-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89173490
Krieger N; Department of Biomedical and Environmental Health Sciences,; School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; 94720.
Despite the Department of Health and Human Service s 1983 claim that AIDS is the nation s number one health priority, funding for AIDS research, prevention, and treatment remains inadequate. Worse, it is often marshaled from or juxtaposed against other necessary health allocations. Consequent AIDS-related resource cri
Int J Psychiatry Med. 1988;18(4):339-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89173567
Mayes SD; Handford HA; Kowalski C; Schaefer JH; Hemophilia Center of Central Pennsylvania Department of; Psychiatry, Hershey.
Using standardized instruments, personality traits of twenty-two hemophilic boys and child-rearing attitudes and practices of their parents were evaluated at the beginning and end of a six-year period, during which psychosocial services were provided in a comprehensive care hemophilia program. The children changed sig
We report our experience with 209 HIV-positive patients in different stages. A retrospective study (n = 181) showed the high frequency of lymphadenopathy, inflammatory diseases of mouth, pharynx, and esophagus (especially candidiasis) as well as other diseases such as sinusitis. A retrospective study by radiology (n =
Good SS; Reynolds DJ; de Miranda P; Experimental Therapy Department, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay has been developed to simultaneously determine levels of the anti human immunodeficiency virus agent, zidovudine ( AZT ), and its major metabolite (the 5 -O-glucuronide) in serum. Samples w
J Chromatogr. 1988 Dec 9;433:159-66. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89175210
Rahman A; Hoffman NE; Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233.
Fusidic acid was determined in plasma by a high-performance liquid chromatographic method. Fusidic acid was extracted from plasma with acetonitrile that was salted out with ammonium sulfate. Prior to salting out cadmium sulfate was mixed with the acetonitrile-plasma mixture to help remove interfering constituents. A 1
Cowan WT Jr; Wahab S; Lucia HL; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch,; Galveston 77550.
The vitreous humor from 11 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was obtained at postmortem examination and tested for human immunodeficiency virus antigen and antibody by using the Abbott enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedures. Five patients had detectable antigen, supporting the recent observation t
Francis HL; Kabeya M; Kafuama N; Riggins C; Colebunders R; Ryder R; Curran J; Izaley L; Quinn TC; Project SIDA, Blood Bank Center, Mama Yemo Hospital, Kinshasa,; Zaire.
The sensitivities, specificities, and positive and negative predictive values of the Cambridge BioScience Corp. (Worcester, Mass.) human immunodeficiency virus latex agglutination assay were compared by using three different blood preparations. By using the manufacturer s standard test method with diluted sera, the se
This paper examines the impact on adolescence of major cultural changes brought about by the advent of television, the combined threat of Nuclear War and Aids and changes in social values and family structures. The main thesis is that the volume and pace of these contemporary changes have an unsettling effect on inter
Soutoul JH; Pierre F; Clinique Gynecologique Universitaire et Maternite du Beffroi,; Departement de Clinique Gynecologique et Obstetricale de la; Reproduction du C.H.U., Tours.
Difficult new medical and professional ethical problems have arisen by an increase in the number of patients refusing blood transfusion or the use of blood derivatives because of religious convictions. In particular Jehovah s Witnesses and patients frightened of catching AIDS and other diseases transmitted by blood ar
This article examines whether hospitals should obtain specific informed consent for HIV testing in addition to the general consent for routine procedures that is obtained upon admission. The article argues that specific consent should be obtained in all instances in which the HIV test is ordered. When the test is orde
Pleck JH; O'Donnell L; O'Donnell C; Snarey J; Department of Psychology, Wheaton College, Norton, MA 02766.
In a survey of 237 hospital workers involved in the care of AIDS patients at a major AIDS inpatient-care facility, negative attitudes toward AIDS and AIDS patients (AIDS-phobia) and AIDS-related job stress (AIDS-stress) were common. In multivariate analyses, AIDS-phobia is significantly higher among older staff, those
IMA J Math Appl Med Biol. 1988;5(3):181-200. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89176484
Blythe SP; Anderson RM; Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College, London; University, UK.
Two different approaches to the encapsulation of temporal variation in the infectiousness of HIV-infected persons, and variability in the incubation period of the disease AIDS, in simple homogeneous mixing models of viral transmission in male homosexual communities are described. The first approach is based on the div
Cohen-Addad NE; Joshi VV; Sharer LR; Epstein LG; Gubitosi TA; Oleske JM; Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of; New Jersey, Newark 07103-2757.
We report a case of congenital acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with congenital opportunistic toxoplasmosis. The thymic histopathology was that seen in childhood AIDS cases and not that seen in primary congenital toxoplasmosis. The toxoplasma infection was selectively localized to the brain and the serum tite
Weddington WW Jr; Brown BS; Addiction Research Center/National Institute on Drug Abuse,; Baltimore, MD.
One hundred of 101 applicants for outpatient treatment for cocaine abuse consented to voluntary HIV-antibody testing when the testing was offered as an option within the medical assessment at intake. Twelve applicants tested HIV-antibody positive; eight of these had injected drugs parenterally with syringes and needle
Fuchs C; Rheinland-Pfalzisches Ministerium fur Umwelt und Gesundheit,; Mainz.
Many physicians are afraid of contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from their patients, especially surgeons. In medieval times, it was common for physicians to abandon their patients during epidemics (particularly plague) and to leave the cities. Today, strict hygienic practice protects medical per
A simple patient-related method is described that determines the effect of toxic substances on the ciliary activity of human nasal cilia cells. The method is suitable for investigating and numerically determining substance-specific toxicity and individual sensitivity even between patients of different states of health
Harle DG; Baldo BA; Wells JV; Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital; of Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.
An immunoassay was developed for the detection of sulfamethoxazole reactive IgE antibodies in the sera of patients who experienced life threatening anaphylactic reactions following the ingestion of co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole). Patients who had significant levels of sulfamethoxazole reactive IgE
Clement A; Sardet A; Chadelat K; Grimfeld A; Tournier G; Department of Pulmonary Pediatrics, Hopital Trousseau, Paris,; France.
The ability of alveolar macrophages (AM) to release hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an indicator of AM function, was studied in five children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complex and, for comparison, in 11 children without disorders of the lung parenchyma. In the AIDS-related complex group, pul
Protein Eng. 1988 Sep;2(3):219-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184424
Kieny MP; Lathe R; Riviere Y; Dott K; Schmitt D; Girard M; Montagnier L; Lecocq J; Transgene S.A., Strasbourg, France.
The HIV env glycoprotein mediates virus infection and cell fusion through an interaction with the CD4 molecule present at the surface of T4+ lymphocytes. Although env presents a major antigenic target, vaccinia recombinants expressing env elicit low titres of anti-env antibody (Kieny et al., Bio/Technology, 4, 790-795
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1988 Dec;19(4):579-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89187074
Thongkrajai P; Chanarat P; Kulapongs P; Chanarat N; Kasaluk P; Kaewpila S; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen; University, Thailand.
Anti-HIV 1 antibodies were detected in 4 groups of subjects (peoples attending hospitals or medical clinics for anti-HIV investigation, blood donors, women in massage parlours and thalassemia patients) in the north, northeast and central Thailand . A total number of 1,726 blood sa
Ferroni P; Tagger A; Pasquali M; Profeta ML; Institute of Virology, University of Milan, Italy.
During the first year (1986) of blood donor screening for antibody to HIV, 201,750 subjects were tested in 40 blood banks of Lombardia ( Italy ). All sera repeatedly positive by ELISA were submitted to our reference center for confirmation by Western blot (WB). Only 40 (0.02%) of 286
Ohya K; Morishima Y; Funato E; Hasegawa I; Kamiya T; Aichi Blood Center Japanese Red Cross Society, Japan.
A particle agglutination (PA) assay for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type I (anti-HIV) was used to screen blood donors and to test leukemia and hemophilia patients. Results by PA showed complete agreement with the results of two kinds of enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and the false-positive rate was the same as
Z Psychosom Med Psychoanal. 1988;34(4):351-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89189175
Vollmoeller W; Zentrum fur Psychiatrie, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum.
First some social conditions of psychic illness on the background of AIDS as an up-to-date problem were demonstrated. Then important psychopathological states of patient with a positive or negative AIDS-test were explained. Furthermore follows a case study with a so-called AIDS-phobia. In the discussion the AIDS-phobi
Glickel SZ; Hand Surgery Center, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New; York, NY 10019.
Eight patients are reported with hand infections and a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC). Seven patients had AIDS and one ARC. Four were homosexually active males, three were intravenous drug abusers, and one was the wife of a presumed drug abuser. The hand infections
IMA J Math Appl Med Biol. 1988;5(4):237-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89198710
Blythe SP; Anderson RM; Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College, London; University, UK.
A proportionate mixing one-sex model of sexual transmission of HIV is described, in which sexual activity (new partners per unit time) is defined as a continuous variable in a set of integro-partial-differential equations. A discrete activity-class approximation is developed by matching equilibrium state and rate vari
Mouden JC; Genin C; Coulanges P; Randriambololona R; Cassel-Beraud AM; Michel P; Croquet O
A microbiological survey of cervical and vaginal smears associated with a serological survey of sexual diseases was carried out on 298 prostitutes at the four principal Malagasy sea ports. This survey leads us to these conclusions: The great frequency of specific inflammations (72.1%) with Trichomonas vaginalis in the
Jauniaux E; Nessmann C; Imbert MC; Meuris S; Puissant F; Hustin J; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinique Universitaire; Erasme, Free University of Brussels, Belgium.
Forty-nine placentae from HIV-seropositive mothers were collected in various hospitals in France and Belgium . Twenty [corrected] placentae with seven fetuses from interrupted pregnancies and 29 [corrected] placentae from spontaneous deliveries,
Immunol Lett. 1988 Nov;19(3):177-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89173053
Knight SC; Macatonia SE; Division of Immunological Medicine, Clinical Research Centre,; Harrow, U.K.
Dendritic cells (DC) are potent at presenting viral antigens in the initiation of both primary and secondary responses. DC in the lymph nodes draining the site of infection with HSV express surface antigen and can stimulate proliferation of sensitised lymphocytes. In secondary stimulation, nonresponsiveness in cytotox
Castro BA; Weiss CD; Wiviott LD; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
Optimal conditions for demonstrating the presence of infectious human immunodeficiency virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMCs) from seropositive individuals involved cocultivation of infected cells with phytohemagglutinin-stimulated PMCs from seronegative donors in the presence of 2 micrograms of Polybrene
Epidemiological features of HIV infection and the AIDS pandemic are described in this review. The number of AIDS cases will continue to rise for several years, despite enormous efforts to slow the spread of HIV via sexual and parenteral exposure, since virtually all adult patients who will develop AIDS within the next
Within a period of 15 months, 134 patients suffering from condylomata acuminata were investigated with regard to simultaneous infection with HIV. 3 of these patients--2 showing warts in the anal region, 1 on the glans penis--were found positive for anti-HIV antibodies.
Immunol Lett. 1988 Oct;19(2):99-102. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89173051
Lang JM; Coumaros G; Levy S; Falkenrodt A; Steckmeyer M; Partisani M; Aleksijevic A; Lehr L; Koehl C; Service d'Onco-Hematologie, Hopital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg,; France.
Taniguchi T; Yamada G; Shibuya H; Maruyama M; Harada H; Hatakeyama M; Fujita T; Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University,; Japan.
Bhargava V; Farhi DC; Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University,; Cleveland, Ohio.
Of 6,988 bone marrow biopsies seen from 1973 to 1986, granulomas were identified in 72 specimens. In this period, biopsies doubled, but the yearly incidence of granulomas increased from 0.3% to 2.2%. The granulomas were associated with infectious disease (30%), hematologic disorders (25%), sarcoidosis (11%), nonhemato
Mod Pathol. 1988 Mar;1(2):87-97. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184460
Cohen AH; Nast CC; Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance.
Although a variety of renal lesions may occur in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a rare but aggressive form of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with capillary collapse has been considered a possible component of this disorder. It is manifested by heavy proteinuria and progression to renal failure in
Grimley PM; Ray S; Kostianovsky M; Rupp B; Kang YH; Feldman D; F. Edward Hebert Medical School, Bethesda, MD.
Human alpha interferons (IFN-a) cause a reorganization of internal cell membranes into tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI). Morphogenesis and cytochemistry indicate a pre-Golgi intracisternal origin from the endoplasmic reticulum. Clinically, TRI formation in human blood mononuclear cells correlates with systemic IFN-a t
Various findings prove the neurotropism of the human immune deficiency virus (HIV). Besides an aseptic meningitis at the time of seroconversion and polyradiculoneuropathies clinical and neuropathological studies focus on subacute encephalitis leading to dementia and focal neurologi
Am J Dermatopathol. 1988 Apr;10(2):155-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191345
Winzer M; Gilliar U; Ackerman AB; Department of Dermatology, New York University Medical Center, NY; 10016.
Hairy leukoplakia and hairy tongue are the two most common hairlike lesions of the human tongue. Despite their hairlike appearance, the two conditions are very different clinically, histopathologically, and biologically. Those differences are the concern of this article.
Rifkin RM; Hersh EM; Salmon SE; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of; Medicine, Tucson 85724.
Sixteen patients with primary or secondary bone marrow failure were treated with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) given as either an intravenous bolus or by continuous infusion. The dose range studied was from 15 micrograms/m2/d to 960 micrograms/m2/d. Administration of rGM-
Mitsuyasu RT; Golde DW; Division of Hematology/Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine.
Abnormalities in leukocyte number and function contribute to the high incidence of infection in patients with HIV infection. Leukopenia is a frequent occurrence in patients with AIDS and AIDS-related diseases and is a major dose limiting factor in the treatment of HIV infected individuals with antiviral compounds and
Ganser A; Volkers B; Greher J; Hoelzer D; Dept. of Hematology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University,; Frankfurt/Main, W.-Germany.
Derangement of the hemopoietic progenitor cells has been observed in the majority of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this study the effect of recombinant human GM-CSF was evaluated for the in vitro growth of hemopoietic progenitor cells from the bone marrow of patients with AIDS. A sign
Honda S; Yamaguchi K; Miyake Y; Hayashi N; Adachi N; Kinoshita K; Ikehara O; Kimura S; Kinoshita T; Shimotohno K; et al; Growth Factor Division, National Cancer Center Research; Institute, Tokyo.
Human parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) mRNA was detected in peripheral leukemic cells obtained from adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients as well as in cultured human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected T-cell lines. In contrast, PTHrP mRNA was not detected in other types of leukemic cells. Using
Kamei K; Hara S; Ikenaka T; Murao S; Department of Chemistry, Osaka University College of Science.
The amino acid sequence of a lysozyme, (B-enzyme), from Bacillus subtilis YT-25 was determined by conventional methods. B-Enzyme comprised 117 amino acid residues and had a heterogeneous sequence in the amino-terminal region. The amino acid sequence of B-enzyme was different from those of all other lysozymes the seque
De Paoli P; Battistin S; Crovatto M; Modolo ML; Carbone A; Tirelli U; Santini G; Department of Microbiology, General Hospital, Pordenone, Italy.
The expression of phenotypic markers on T and B lymphocytes in long-term human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive, antigen negative patients, in seropositive, antigen positive individuals without AIDS and in seronegative intravenous drug abusers was examined by two colour flow cytometry. Seropositive,
Hodges LC; Poteet GW; University of North Carolina, Greensboro.
This article discusses concerns related to neuroscience nursing practice in the wake of the AIDS epidemic. Safety issues in the workplace and recommendations for creating a safe environment according to Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines are delineated. Legal considerations from the patient s and nurse s per
Zachar V; Mikulecky M; Mayer V; Mackay I; Frazer I; Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava,; Czechoslovakia.
Statistical methods have been used to determine an optimal approach to the definition of the reference range for CD4 (helper) and CD8 (suppressor/cytotoxic) T cell numbers and the CD4/CD8 ratio in the peripheral blood. A graphical presentation of the absolute values for CD4 and CD8 for 85 healthy blood donors showed t
Mizuochi T; Spellman MW; Larkin M; Solomon J; Basa LJ; Feizi T; Section of Glycoconjugate Research, Clinical Research Centre,; Harrow, Middlesex, UK.
This report together with the paper by T. Mizuochi, M. W. Spellman, M. Larkin, J. Solomon, L. J. Basa and T. Feizi (1988) Biochem. J. 254, 599-603 describes the structural elucidation of the N-linked oligosaccharides of the HIV envelope glycoprotein, gp120 (cloned from the HTLV-III B isolate and expressed as a secrete
Sundar SK; Menezes J; Laboratory of Immunovirology of the Pediatric Research Center,; Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We have previously shown that antigen-specific T-suppressor (Ts) cells can be generated in vitro by antigens of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). However, patients with EBV-associated disorders and particularly those with EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis characteristically have nonspecific Ts cells in their peripheral cir
Leger JM; Bolgert F; Bouche P; Chaunu MP; Hauw JJ; Cathala HP; Brunet P; Service de Neurologie, Hopital de la Salpetriere, Paris.
Disorders of the peripheral nervous system occur at all stages of HIV infection. From 13 patients referred for a peripheral neuropathy , 9 were known to be HIV seropositive and 4 were found to be seropositive. All were Caucasian males aged 27 to 58. Ten were homosexual
This study presents a report on the first clinical experiences gained in 68 hospitalized HIV antibody-positive patients from Austria , covering a period of twelve months. 36 patients (52.9%) belonged to risk group I or Ib (homo- or bisexual), whereas 26 (38.2%) patients were i.v. d
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1988 Oct 31;321(1207):565-607. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184839
May RM; Anderson RM; Department of Biology, Princeton University, N.J. 08544.
The paper first reviews data on HIV infections and AIDS disease among homosexual men, heterosexuals, intravenous (IV) drug abusers and children born to infected mothers, in both developed and developing countries. We survey such information as is currently available about the distribution of incubation times that elap
Morgan DR; British Medical Association, Tavistock Square, London, UK.
At work people run some small risk of death or injury which is directly attributable to their occupation. In biomedical sciences the accidental puncture of the skin by hypodermic needles, other instruments or broken glass has long been regarded as an occupational hazard and there is increasing concern that staff could
Kennedy DA; NHS Procurement Directorate, Department of Health and Social; Security, Russell Square, London, UK.
Consideration of a linear model for venepuncture and patterns that emerge from the literature can help to understand the occurrence of occupational needlestick injuries which are common in healthcare workers. A systematic approach can also help in evaluation of potential control measures and in cost-benefit analysis.
Mori S; Ezaki Y; Mori M; Takahashi M; Teshima M; Sagawa K; Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, University; of Tokyo, Japan.
A lymph node from a bisexual Caucasian male infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in the persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) stage was studied. Dendritic reticulum cells (DRCs) were well preserved in over half of the germinal centers (GCs), while in the rest, they showed marked destruction, pro
AAOHN J. 1989 Mar;37(3):109-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89165902
Askari E; Alexander DL
1. Large groups of health care workers, many of whom are among ethnic minorities with potential for occupational exposure to HIV/HBV, are generally underserved in training on prevention of occupational transmission of the viruses. 2. The inadequacy of training for indirect client care personnel appears to be one of th
Koop CE; U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, MD 20857.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has burrowed its way into the fabric of American society. Unless we recognize the extensive and permanent damage it can do there, we are going to lose more than human lives. The tradition of medicine is that physicians do not abandon the sick, whoever they are and whatever th
Parisi A; Strosselli M; Di Perri G; Cairoli S; Minoli L; Bono G; Moglia A; Nappi G; Department of Infectious Diseases, University IRCCS Policlinico; San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Of subjects with asymptomatic HIV infection or Lymphoadenopathy Syndrome, 185 were studied by means of electroencephalography coupled with computerized spectral analysis and mapping (EEG-CSA). Abnormal EEGs were found in 30 of 118 (25.4%) patients with asymptomatic infection (CDC Group II) and in 20 of 67 (29.9%) pati
Chang ZL; Huang XL; Rinaldo C; Herberman RB; Whiteside TL; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of; Medicine, Pennsylvania.
Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complex and asymptomatic individuals seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have depressed natural killer (NK) activity. Normal human macrophages cultured for 3-7 days significantly up-regulated the NK activity of mononuclear cells obtained f
Aseptic necrosis of the skin developed in two patients with HIV-associated disseminated Kaposi s sarcoma after subcutaneous injection of recombinant interferon-alpha. Both patients were given it at a daily dosage of 20 x 10(6) IU/m2 body surface area. One of the patients, after full remission had been achieved, receiv
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1989 Mar 31;114(13):503-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89170332
Bernhard H; Frommberger U; Weber KC; Philipp M; Ramadori G; Meyer zum Buschenfelde KH; I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitat Mainz.
In a 36-year-old patient an acute onset of psychosis occurred, probably due to HIV infection. For one year HIV-infection with reduced T4/T8 ratio had been known without clinical manifestation (stage IV B of the CDC-classification). He developed chronic delusional hallucinations, which persisted for more than one year
Englert Y; Delvigne A; Vekemans M; Lejeune B; Henlisz A; de Maertelaer G; Leroy F; In Vitro Fertilization Clinic, St. Pierre Hospital, Brussels,; Belgium.
Sixty-six partners of either severely oligoasthenospermic or azoospermic men were treated by in vitro fertilization with donor sperm (IVF-D), usually (86%) after failure of artificial insemination with donor sperm. One hundred twenty-nine IVF trials were performed with either fresh (59%) or frozen-thawed (41%) donor s
Human T cells (H9), infected with the HTLV-IIIB strain of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), have been used to study the alteration of 2 ,5 -oligoadenylate [2 -5 )A) metabolism in relation to virus production. The synthesis of (2 -5 )A was determined to proceed in close association with the nuclear matrix. Afte
Behavior change can curtail the spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this study, 104 gay men with a history of frequent AIDS high-risk behavior completed self-report, self-monitoring, and behavioral measures related to AIDS risk. The sample was randomly divided into experimental and waiting-list co
Himelman RB; Chung WS; Chernoff DN; Schiller NB; Hollander H; University of California, San Francisco.
To determine the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography was performed on 70 consecutive patients with HIV infection, including 51 with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 13 with AIDS-related complex and 6 with
Bork K; Witzke G; Department of Dermatology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz,; Federal Republic of Germany.
A case of hereditary angioedema (HAE) type I (inherited C1-inhibitor [C1 INH] deficiency) and a case of late-onset acquired C1 INH with angioedema is described. In both patients, long-term prophylaxis with C1 INH had become necessary because treatment with danazol and epsilon-aminocaproic acid was not effective or not
Modrow S; Hoflacher B; Mertz R; Wolf H; Max von Pettenkofer-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat,; Munich, F.R.G.
Chemically synthesize carrier-bound peptides have been used as antigens in diagnostic test systems (ELISA) and for raising antipeptide-specific antisera. The method does not require prior cleavage of the peptides from the support used for the solid-phase synthesis. Using the same resin for both the synthesis and the s
Agins BD; Berman DS; Spicehandler D; el-Sadr W; Simberkoff MS; Rahal JJ; Infectious Disease Section, New York Veterans Administration; Medical Center, New York City.
Reboul J; Schuller E; Pialoux G; Rey MA; Lebon P; Allinquant B; Brun-Vezinet F; Laboratoire de Neuro-Immunologie, INSERM U.134, Hopital de la; Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Intrathecal (IT) immunity was assessed by simultaneous analysis of paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sera of 37 patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). Only 8 of these 37 patients had no neurological or neuropsychiatric symptoms. There were 3 prominent abnormalities observed: (1) IT IgA product
Stein CA; LaRocca RV; Thomas R; McAtee N; Myers CE; Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD 208292.
We administered suramin, an anti-parasitic drug and reverse transcriptase inhibitor, to 15 patients with metastatic cancer. This compound is known to inhibit the binding of growth factors (eg, epidermal growth factor [EGF], platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF], tumor growth factor-beta [TGF-beta]) to their receptors
Kann L; Nelson GD; Jones JT; Kolbe LJ; Division of Adolescent and School Health, Center for Chronic; Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Atlanta, GA 30333.
The Division of Adolescent and School Health, Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control has responsibility for assisting national, state, and local education agencies to provide effective HIV education for youth. In fall 1987, 14 state and 9 local education agencies that s
Kjoller S; Hansen B; Segest E; Office of School Health Service, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Attitudes of ninth grade students and their classroom teachers toward using condoms as a preventive measure against contracting AIDS were studied. Students (N = 438) and their teachers (N = 28) in the council schools of the Municipality of Copenhagen were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Overall, results dem
Maruyama K; Miyauchi M; Fukushima T; Mochizuki S; Koshikawa N; Kawamura K; Tamayama C; Nakano M; Odo A; Iha S; Department of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute,; Japan.
Previously we demonstrated the prevalence of human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTVL-I) infection among cancer patients in Japan . This study was carried out to examine antigenic properties of retroviruses prevalent among Japanese cancer patients. Sera of 126 Japanese patients with c
Smith ME; Canalis RF; Division of Head and Neck Surgery (Otolaryngology), Harbor-UCLA; Medical Center, Torrance 90509.
Five cases of otosyphilis presenting in patients with HIV infection are discussed. The group is representative of the known stages of the disease, from asymptomatic carrier to the fully expressed immunodeficiency syndrome, and it is of relevance because otosyphilis appears to have developed at an accelerated rate from
Rothstein SG; Persky MS; Edelman BA; Gittleman PE; Stroschein M; Department of Otolaryngology, New York University Medical Center,; NY 10016.
Adult epiglottitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has not been previously reported. A pale, floppy epiglottis with supraglottic edema, cervical lymphadenopathy, a normal to low white blood count without a shift to the left, and rapidly progressive airway obstruction characterize this entity. In th
Md Med J. 1989 Mar;38(3):251-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89180762
Ryan FM
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is frequently complicated by central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Progressive dementia is an increasingly recognized manifestation of AIDS-associated neurologic syndromes.
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was first recognised in children in 1982. This paper describes a paediatric counselling and screening clinic in Edinburgh for babies born to women who are Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive.
Cortes E; Detels R; Aboulafia D; Li XL; Moudgil T; Alam M; Bonecker C; Gonzaga A; Oyafuso L; Tondo M; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
We conducted a serologic survey for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus Type I (HTLV-I) in 704 Brazilians with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or at risk for it. The study population included 70 homosexual men (11 of whom were pro
Pape JW; Verdier RI; Johnson WD Jr; Haitian Study Group on Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic; Infection, Port-au-Prince.
Enteric infection with the protozoan Isospora belli is common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and causes severe diarrhea. I. belli responds well to treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, but there is a high rate of recurrence. To investigate the effect of long-term prophylaxis, we
Berger JR; Sheremata WA; Resnick L; Atherton S; Fletcher MA; Norenberg M; Department of Neurology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL.
We describe seven men with a neurologic disease clinically indistinguishable from multiple sclerosis occurring in association with seropositivity for the human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1). Histopathology of the CNS obtained in three patients (2 by brain biopsy, 1 at autopsy) was consistent with MS. The neur
A seroprevalence survey of 508 intravenous (IV) drug users enrolled in methadone treatment programs in Ohio for evidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) demonstrated a positivity prevalence of 1.4%. This seropositivity prevalence is low compared with 10% to 72% positive from surveys conducted
Six cases of oral hyperpigmentation in HIV-infected patients are reported. While in two patients the lesions could be related to systemic clofazimine or ketoconazole therapy, in the other patients the cause remained unknown. Clinically, the pigmentations were characterized by a sudden onset and the appearance of well-
Yeh CK; Fox PC; Fox CH; Travis WD; Lane HC; Baum BJ; Clinical Investigations and Patient Care Branch, National; Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, Md.
A patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome complained of a dry mouth and bilateral swelling of the parotid glands. Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) was found within the tissue of the parotid gland. Although KS is a common manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, the presence of KS in the salivary glands is ver
Fowler CB; Nelson JF; Henley DW; Smith BR; Department of Oral Pathology, Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center,; Lackland AFB, Texas.
Head and neck manifestations are particularly frequent in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. An unusual case of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in a female prostitute whose initial presentation included a palatal perforation is reported. This case is also noteworthy because the patient died of disseminated m
Najjar T; Gadol C; Khan MY; Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pathology, University of Medicine; and Dentistry, New Jersey Dental School, Newark 07103-2425.
A case of fatal polymorphic reticulosis, currently considered to be a peripheral T cell lymphoma, that was initially seen as a nasolabial swelling with a left lower lobe pulmonary nodule in a 40-year-old woman is reported. At autopsy, it was found to be associated with disseminated cryptococcosis and Pneumocystis cari
Sachs MK; Dickinson GM; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125.
A broad spectrum of gastrointestinal pathogens can cause diarrhea in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A systematic approach utilizing symptomatology and the appropriate diagnostic tests will maximize the clinician s chance of identifying the specific pathogens. Enteric infections in AIDS patien
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2448-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE GENBANK/J04541
Olmsted RA; Barnes AK; Yamamoto JK; Hirsch VM; Purcell RH; Johnson PR; Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University, Rockville, MD; 20852.
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a T-lymphotropic retrovirus associated with immunodeficiency and opportunistic infections in cats. The discovery of FIV provides an opportunity for the development of a small animal model for AIDS. To initiate the molecular and biological characterization of FIV, cDNA clones were
A random sample of 407 French Canadian adults responded to a questionnaire about perception of AIDS. Negative attitudes about AIDS are better predicted by homophobia than other measures as are attitudes about extramarital relations and attitudes abut adolescent heterosexuality.
This study describes the results of a survey of all persons screened for antibodies to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) during a 3-mo. period at a county health department. Complete interviews and serologic analysis for antibodies to HIV using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were obtained from all 43 perso
Rev Mal Respir. 1989;6(1):71-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89186042
Viallat JR; Rey F; Farisse P; Henric A; Gastaut JA; Service de Pneumologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille.
In 1987 we carried out 87 broncho-alveolar lavages in 58 HIV positive patients: of these 17 suffered from AIDS and Kaposi sarcoma. Amongst the latter we noticed signs suggestive of bronchial Kaposi sarcoma on five occasions: this is a frequency of 29.5% for the AIDS + Kaposi sarcoma group and of 8.6% for the group ove
Siegel K; Mesagno FP; Chen JY; Christ G; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021.
A longitudinal study of patterns of sexual behavior among asymptomatic, homosexual males in New York City was conducted. Participants were interviewed at two time points, 6 months apart. Based on their reports of sexual behavior during a recent typical month, respondents were classified at each time point as engagin
Alpert JN; Loar C; DePriest J; Sermas A; Merritt L
A 68-year-old woman developed a clinical picture of a painful subacute polyradiculoneuropathy. Her condition improved dramatically after treatment with plasmapheresis. A few months later she was found to have serologic evidence for the human immunodeficiency virus. This infection was traced to a contaminated transfusi
Reported in this paper are postmortem findings recorded from the central nervous system of 51 HIV carriers, among them 43 with clinically manifest AIDS. Opportunistic infections and tumours were established in 24 cases, including toxoplasmosis, cytomegaly, progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy, and lymphomas. Fin
Ravalli S; Chabon AB; Khan AA; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Beth Israel Medical Center, New; York, New York 10003.
In a period of less than one year, the authors observed three young patients in whom primary gastrointestinal carcinomas developed. Two of them had acquired immune deficiency syndrome and the other one was human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody-positive drug abuser. This report is intended to alert the medical pr
Am J Hematol. 1989 Apr;30(4):240-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89190647
Gold JE; Babu A; Penchaszadeh V; Castella A; Ghali V; Zalusky R; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, Mount Sinai; School of Medicine, City University of New York.
Although the great majority of acute leukemias have been designated as being of lymphocytic or myelocytic origin, recent reports have described elements of both in some patients. We describe here the first case of hybrid acute leukemia in an HIV-antibody-positive patient as well as the first hybrid involving B-cell (B
Am J Hematol. 1989 Apr;30(4):263-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89190653
Goldsmith JC; Irvine W; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical; Center, Omaha 68105.
Hematopoietic toxicity from Zidovudine ( AZT ) is fairly common, resulting in a requirement for red cell transfusions in up to 25% of patients. Reversible agranulocytosis occurred following approximately 1 week of AZT therapy in a man with AIDS. He reco
Fortunato SJ; Bawdon RE; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, East Tennessee State; University, Johnson City 37614-0002.
Pentamidine is used to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The incidence of this infection in pregnancy has paralleled the increasing incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in pregnancy. Using the in vitro bidirectionally perfused human placenta, we studied the transfer of pentamidine across the placenta. P
Am J Psychother. 1989 Jan;43(1):25-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191049
Kermani EJ; Weiss BA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center,; N.Y. 10016.
Persons with positive HIV appear to have the same right to confidentiality as other medical psychiatric patients. The ethical and legal duties of practitioners who learn that their HIV positive patients are endangering others is discussed. The essential policies of the CDC, AMA, and APA are reviewed along with the cur
Am J Public Health. 1989 Apr;79(4):448-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191065
Allard R; Department de sante communautaire, Hopital Maisonneuve-Rosemont,; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We performed a telephone survey to explore relations between knowledge, beliefs (as defined in the Health Belief Model) and reported AIDS-preventive practices in a sample of 1,072 persons ages 18-65, living in the Montreal health region. AIDS-preventive practices were more frequent among the young or single, and among
Am J Public Health. 1989 Apr;79(4):453-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191066
Solomon MZ; DeJong W; STD Project, Education Development Center, Inc., Newton, MA; 02160.
We report on two studies that assessed the impact of a soap-opera style videotape on inner-city STD (sexually transmitted disease) patients knowledge about and attitudes toward condom use, and willingness to redeem coupons for free condoms. Subjects in the first study who viewed the videotape (and participated in a b
Am J Public Health. 1989 Apr;79(4):491-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191075
Kastner TA; Hickman ML; Bellehumeur D; Developmental Disabilities Center, Morristown Memorial Hospital,; NJ 07960.
We present the first reported cases of individuals with mental retardation who have subsequently become infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The implications of this finding for agencies which provide services to persons with mental retardation are described. Where conflicts arise, the authors propose tha
Am J Public Health. 1989 Apr;79(4):499-501. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191077
Valdiserri RO; Arena VC; Proctor D; Bonati FA; Division of Laboratory Systems, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, GA 30333.
A survey of 759 women attending contraceptive care clinics revealed that a majority of women endorsed condom use as an important way to reduce the spread of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome); 82 per cent reported past use of condoms, but only 14 per cent reported using condoms in addition to another form of co
Am J Public Health. 1989 Apr;79(4):501-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191078
Martin JL; Garcia MA; Beatrice ST; AIDS Research Unit, Columbia University School of Public Health,; New York, NY 10032.
A sample of 357 gay/bisexual men, ages 20 to 65, were interviewed in 1985 regarding their sexual patterns over the course of the AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) epidemic. Within four months after the interview, men were tested for antibody to HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and 36 per cent were found posi
Am J Public Health. 1989 Apr;79(4):503-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191079
Chow WH; Liff JM; Greenberg RS; Williams BO; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Emory University; School of Medicine, Atlanta.
Recent temporal trends in incidence rates for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Kaposi s sarcoma were compared in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. From 1983 through 1986 the age-adjusted incidence rate of Kaposi s sarcoma among White males ages 25-49 increased 11-fold (2.2-24.4/100,000 person years). The ann
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1989 Mar;40(3):323-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191172
Bouquety JC; Siopathis MR; Ravisse PR; Lagarde N; Georges-Courbot MC; Georges AJ; Department of Pediatrics, CHNU, Bangui, Central African Republic.
A case of disseminated Kaposi s sarcoma with lymphoid and mucocutaneous involvement in an African infant with acquired immune deficiency syndrome is reported. The child died within 2 months after recognition.
Am Psychol. 1989 Mar;44(3):529-35. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191786
Cochran SD; Mays VM
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has important implications for the practice of psychology. As the epidemic continues, the role of behavior change and psychosocial factors in the spread and transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infections assumes increasing significance. Psychologists, as behavio
Ann Ophthalmol. 1989 Jan;21(1):31-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191992
Pezzi PP; Tamburi S; D'offizi GP; Mezzaroma I; Aiuti F; Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Rome, La Sapienza,; Italy.
The prognostic value of ocular manifestations and its correlation with immune changes in HIV-infected subjects was studied longitudinally with an average follow-up of one year (3-22 months). The most common ocular manifestations were retinal cotton-wool-like spots, observed in 58.8% of AIDS patients and in 76.9% of th
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Mar 15;159(2):566-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89193638
Regen SL; Jayasuriya N; Fabianowski W; Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem,; Pennsylvania 18015.
Simple polyesters derived from poly(ethylene glycol)s and alpha, omega-dicarboxylic acids exhibit a broad range of activity in disrupting phospholipid membranes. This activity has been analyzed by measuring the release of liposome-encapsulated 5(6)-carboxy-fluorescein (CF). Comparison with an analogous monomeric surfa
Howard LC; Hawkins DA; Marwood R; Shanson DC; Gazzard BG; St Stephen's Hospital, Department of Genitourinary Medicine.
Twenty-seven women all of childbearing age, eight of whom were pregnant, were identified as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) antibody positive in the genitourinary medicine clinics of East Riverside up to March 1987. Of these 27 women 11 had acquired the virus by heterosexual contact. Between 1 March 1987 and 29 F
Howard-Gardiner H; Roberts PD; Dunn PM; Department of Child Health, Princess Margaret Hospital, Nassau,; Bahamas.
In the 13-month period between June 1985 and July 1986, 27 children were found to be HIV positive in the Princess Margaret Hospital in Nassau. Nineteen of the children had clinical AIDS, four were in the prodromal phase and four were symptom free. The clinical course of these infants is presented. Of the 18 mothers 16
Johnson CD; Evans R; Shanson DC; Wastell C; Department of Surgery, St. Stephen's Hospital, London, UK.
In a 12-month period, 177 patients at risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B were operated on. Sixty-nine had HIV antibodies. The procedures used to identify these patients and minimize the risk of infection of hospital staff in the operating department are described. All staff workin
The purpose of this research was to study nurses knowledge about and attitudes toward caring for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the relationship of these factors with demographic and professional characteristics. Data were gathered by questionnaires mailed to a random sample of Registered
Orron DE; Kuhn MJ; Malholtra V; Mildvan D; Leeds NE; Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY; 10003.
Primary lymphoma of the brain in AIDS is being observed with increased frequency; five pathologically proven cases are presented. Although the CT patterns may correlate well with patterns previously described in lymphoma, occasionally an irregular ring-like lesion may occur which is difficult to distinguish from toxop
Cancer Res. 1989 Apr 15;49(8):2184-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89195148
Haas M; Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La; Jolla 92093.
Some of the unexplained aspects of HIV/AIDS epidemiology, virology, and pathology (6, 13) may thus be due to a lack of knowledge of the basic virology of the virus complex and its pathological interaction with cells of the host. There may be no need to call upon anomalous immune responses, vicious transactivating acti
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1989 Apr;23(2):95-101. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89196222
Morrison V; Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Scotland U.K.
Using a snowballing technique, prospective data have been collected from 135 regular drug using individuals in two Scottish towns, Edinburgh, and Ayr. Data from the first wave would suggest that poly drug use is common, with a major reliance on licit, prescribed substances. Amongst both intravenous and non-intraveno
Taylor HL; Mortimer PP; PHLS Virus Reference Laboratory, Central Public Health; Laboratory, London.
Of 32,983 specimens from 307 sources in England and Wales tested in the Virus Reference Laboratory for anti-HIV between 1984 and 1987, 6491 (20%) were positive. Ninety-five per cent of the positive subjects were male and 44% of them were from three London genito-urinary medicine clinics. In 1987 the numbers of newly d
Anders KH; Latta H; Chang BS; Tomiyasu U; Quddusi AS; Vinters HV; Department of Pathology, Kaiser Foundation Hospital, Woodland; Hills, CA.
While primary and secondary malignant lymphomas have been well-documented in the CNS of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), only one case of lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LG) involving the CNS has been reported. We present three AIDS patients with multiple grossly evident foci of necrosis in th
Krowka JF; Stites DP; Jain S; Steimer KS; George-Nascimento C; Gyenes A; Barr PJ; Hollander H; Moss AR; Homsy JM; et al; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco 94143-0100.
All HIV seronegative (HIV Ab-) and most HIV seropositive (HIV Ab+) individuals lymphocytes failed to proliferate in primary cultures in response to purified HIV or to recombinant envelope and core antigens of HIV, even in the presence of recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2). Most HIV Ab- and HIV Ab+ individuals lymphoc
Batman PA; Miller AR; Forster SM; Harris JR; Pinching AJ; Griffin GE; Department of Histopathology, St George's Hospital Medical; School, London.
Jejunal biopsy specimens from 20 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive male homosexual patients were analysed and compared with those of a control group to determine whether the abnormalities were caused by the virus or by opportunistic infection. The degree of villous atrophy was estimated with a Weibel eyepiec
Re MC; Furlini G; La Placa M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Bologna, St Orsola; Hospital, Italy.
Five hundred and fifty six subjects, known to be homosexuals or intravenous drug abusers and seropositive for HIV antibody, were selected on the basis of their clinical state--symptom free, lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS), AIDS related complex (ARC), and AIDS. The presence of antigenaemia and the humoral response to vi
Takahashi I; Takama M; Ladhoff AM; Scholz D; Central Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Teikyo University; School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
The envelope structure of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was examined using a computer image processor combined with an image rotation-averaging system. Our results indicate that the envelope of the HIV-1 particle is constructed of a T-7 laevo icosahedral surface net, and the knobs are distributed in the
Marion SA; Schechter MT; Weaver MS; McLeod WA; Boyko WJ; Willoughby B; Douglas B; Craib KJ; O'Shaughnessy M; Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study Group, St. Paul's Hospital,; Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
To investigate the role of host susceptibility to HIV-1 infection, we studied subsequent seroconversion in 161 individuals, initially seronegative to HIV-1, who underwent skin testing for cutaneous anergy at an index visit within a prospective study of homosexual men. There were 23 seroconversions in these men by 45 m
Eskenazi B; Pies C; Newstetter A; Shepard C; Pearson K; School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; 94720.
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the risks of HIV transmission from artificial insemination in a sample of lesbians residing in California and inseminated between 1979 and 1987. This population was selected because lesbians are considered to be at low risk for HIV infection, and have traditionally used
Hoffman RE; Valway SE; Wolf FC; Raevsky C; Cohn DL; Penley KA; Vernon TM; Colorado Department of Health, Denver 80220.
We compared cumulative surveillance data for AIDS (May 1982-December 1986) and persons with positive HIV antibody tests (July 1985-December 1986) to examine the adequacy of each surveillance system in directing public health disease control activities. Neither AIDS nor HIV antibody surveillance data alone described th
Zbitnew A; Greer K; Heise-Qualtiere J; Conly J; Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital,; Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
One type of vinyl and seven types of latex gloves without visual defects were tested with respect to their barrier function against high concentrations of three viruses of varying size: herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1, 180 nm), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1, 100 nm), and echovirus type 9 (Echo 9, 25 nm
Daffos F; Forestier F; Mandelbrot L; Pialoux G; Rey MA; Brun-Vezinet F; Service de Medecine et de Biologie Foetales, Hopital Claude; Bernard, Paris, France.
Blood samples were studied, prior to medical terminations of pregnancy, in two second trimester fetuses with HIV-positive mothers. Fetal blood was obtained from the umbilical vein under ultrasound guidance. No evidence of infection was found in either fetus. In particular, lymphocyte subpopulations were at normal leve
Hammarskjold ML; Heimer J; Hammarskjold B; Sangwan I; Albert L; Rekosh D; Department of Microbiology, State University of New York, Buffalo; 14214.
A single simian virus 40 late replacement vector which expresses both the rev and envelope (env) genes of human immunodeficiency virus was used to examine the mechanism underlying the dependence of env gene expression on the rev protein. When rev was deleted from the vector, no envelope protein expression could be det
Gupta P; Balachandran R; Ho M; Enrico A; Rinaldo C; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate; School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; 15261.
Very few peripheral blood lymphocytes of seropositive individuals are presumably actively infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). During coculture of lymphocytes of a seropositive individual with mitogen-stimulated normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, the number of infected cells becomes amplified s
JAMA. 1989 May 5;261(17):2512-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89199862
Krasinski K; Borkowsky W; Deparment of Pediatrics, New York University Medical Center, NY; 10016.
The development of measles vaccination recommendations for immunodeficient children infected with human immunodeficiency virus requires assessment of disease risk and the risks and benefits of vaccination. Measles in 4 such children resulted in 3 severe pneumonias and 1 death despite previous immunization in 2. Antibo
Med Care. 1989 Apr;27(4):423-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89200616
Turner BJ; Kelly JV; Ball JK; Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19107.
The authors describe a new model for classifying hospitalized patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) according to their severity of illness. In the first phase of the project, a clinical model indicating the relative severity of AIDS complications was formulated, based on the clinical literature and e
Keith LG; MacGregor S; Friedell S; Rosner M; Chasnoff IJ; Sciarra JJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University; Medical School, Chicago, Illinois.
Drug abuse during pregnancy is associated with adverse perinatal outcome. Patterns of abuse have changed in recent years with the increasing popularity of cocaine. We compared pregnancy outcome data from 137 women receiving prenatal care in the Perinatal Center for Chemical Dependence of Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2844-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89202422
McGrath MS; Hwang KM; Caldwell SE; Gaston I; Luk KC; Wu P; Ng VL; Crowe S; Daniels J; Marsh J; et al; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco; 94110.
GLQ223 is a highly purified, formulated preparation of trichosanthin, a 26-kDa plant-derived ribosome-inactivating protein with potent inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. The compound produced concentration-dependent inhibition of HIV replication in acutely infected cultures of T-l
Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1989 Mar 7;78(10):254-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89203104
Bessler SC; Joller-Jemelka HI
At the emergency station of the Surgical Department of the University Hospital in Zurich, 90% of the group with high risk of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus are intravenous drug abusers and 10% are promiscuous homosexuals. When compared with the group of i.v. drug addicts, the group of homosexual patie
Kaplan EH; Yale School of Organization and Management, New Haven,; Connecticut 06520.
Case notification data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control imply that AIDS has spread rapidly among intravenous drug users in the northeastern United States . These data determine a doubling time for AIDS cases of 5-6 months for this population early in the epidemic. A new mathema
Mostaza JM; Barbado FJ; Fernandez-Martin J; Pena-Yanez J; Vazquez-Rodriguez JJ; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
A case of mucormycosis in an AIDS patient is reported. The infection was located in the skin and knee joint after open trauma of the left thigh. Cunninghamella bertholletiae was isolated. The prognosis of this infection is ominous in patients with AIDS because of their precarious immunologic status.
Kallenius G; Hoffner SE; Svenson SB; Department of Bacteriology, National Bacteriological Laboratory,; Stockholm, Sweden.
In the United States a majority of patients with AIDS are infected with bacteria of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), while in Sweden only approximately 10% of AIDS patients are so infected. It is proposed that general vaccination with bacille
South Med J. 1989 Apr;82(4):426-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89203498
Merrill JM; Laux L; Thornby JI; Department of Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine,; Houston, Tex. 77030.
When recently polled, one half of 4,100 physicians believed they had the right not to treat patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and 15% said they would actually refuse to care for them. To assure medical care for the 365,000 AIDS patients projected for the US by 1992, it is imperative to know
Kotler RL; Hansen-Flaschen J; Casey MP; Cardiovascular-Pulmonary Division, Hospital of the University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
A patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed severe cyanosis after bronchoscopy (oxygen saturation 34%) from methaemoglobinaemia. This was thought to be due to enhanced absorption of local anaesthetic from the nasopharynx or trachea as a result of candidiasis. The patient responded dramatical
Siddiqui A; Gaynor R; Srinivasan A; Mapoles J; Farr RW; Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado School of; Medicine, Denver 80262.
Human hepatitis B virus contains an open reading frame designated X. We have investigated the trans-activating function of the hepatitis B virus X gene in regulating transcriptional control elements. In the HBV genome the major target for X trans-activation is the enhancer element. Further, the X protein stimulates se
W V Med J. 1989 Mar;85(3):92-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89204973
Patton M
AIDS and HIV-seropositivity have shown increasing prevalence in the Mountain State. Charleston Area Medical Center (CAMC), being the state s largest tertiary health center, has attracted a number of seropositive patients. This sample, though small by comparison to the experience of other tertiary centers, constitutes
Ann Emerg Med. 1989 Apr;18(4):378-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89205988
Kelen GD; Fritz S; Qaquish B; Floccare D; DiGiovanna T; Baker JL; Sivertson KT; Quinn TC; Division of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
In a follow-up study conducted one year after a previous report, we found that 7.8% of 126 patients with critical illness or injury were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in 1987 as compared with 3.0% of 203 similar patients in 1986. In the earlier study all patients with infection (six) were conf
Meropol NJ; Krause PR; Ratnoff OD; Eyster ME; Levine PH; White GC; Debanne S; Rowland D; Lederman MM; Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH; 44106.
Cofactors for the clinical expression of infection due to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are not well understood. We asked if there was a familial tendency to the development of complications of HIV infection. We examined 35 hemophilic sibships in which at least two brothers with classic hemophilia (factor VII
Bishburg E; Eng RH; Slim J; Perez G; Johnson E; Division of Drug Abuse Control, New Jersey State Department of; Health, Trenton.
Infections involving the brain have become a major complication in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We have reviewed 48 cases of central nervous system lesions in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. and its related complex. All patients had computed tomographic scans with contrast perfor
Byrne WR; Dietrich RA; Infectious Disease Service, Letterman Army Medical Center,; Presidio of San Francisco, CA 94129-6700.
Coccidioidomycosis involving the lungs and the meninges occurred as the sole opportunistic infection in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Skin test reactivity to coccidioidin was present, but antibody response to coccidioidal antigens was markedly distinguished. Treatment with amphotericin
Donnenberg AD; Margolick JB; Polk BF; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Oncology Center,; Baltimore, Maryland.
The progression of infection with human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1), is associated with a loss of helper T cell function, but the mechanism for this loss (e.g., decreased absolute number of helper cells, altered function of helper cells, or both) has not been delineated. Many studies have suggested that T-c
Montgomery AB; Debs RJ; Luce JM; Corkery KJ; Turner J; Hopewell PC; Medical Service, San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center.
The use of aerosolized pentamidine was investigated in ten patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who had previous or concurrent severe adverse reactions or contraindications to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or parenteral pentamidine. A dose of 600 mg penta
Garay SM; Greene J; Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
We prospectively evaluated 150 consecutive patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) as their sole initial manifestation of AIDS (group 1). Admission laboratory and radiographic criteria were analyzed for diagnostic and prognostic indicators and compared with those of patients presenting with non-PCP pulmonar
Montaner JS; Russell JA; Lawson L; Ruedy J; Department of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of; British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) remains the most frequent life-threatening complication of HIV infection. A retrospective study was undertaken in an attempt to establish the incidence of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in AIDS-related PCP, its mortality, and the impact of adjuvant systemic corticosteroids on its
Tsubota H; Lord CI; Watkins DI; Morimoto C; Letvin NL; Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research; Center, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772.
CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) lymphocytes block replication of HIV-1 or the simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (SIVmac) in PBL of infected individuals. We now show that these CD8+ lymphocytes undergo clonal expansion in vivo after AIDS virus infection of the individual, suggesting they may be antigen-specific T c
Bohnlein E; Siekevitz M; Ballard DW; Lowenthal JW; Rimsky L; Bogerd H; Hoffman J; Wano Y; Franza BR; Greene WC; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina 27710.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) preferentially infects CD4+ T lymphocytes and may exist as a latent provirus within these cells for extended periods. The transition to a productive retroviral infection results in T-cell death and clinically may lead to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Accelerat
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2365-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184627
Folks TM; Clouse KA; Justement J; Rabson A; Duh E; Kehrl JH; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), also known as cachectin, was demonstrated to induce the expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a chronically infected T-cell clone (ACH-2). Concentrations of recombinant TNF-alpha as low as 50 pg/ml induced a significant increase over background of HIV expression i
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2443-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184643
Koenig S; Hirsch VM; Olmsted RA; Powell D; Maury W; Rabson A; Fauci AS; Purcell RH; Johnson PR; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus share the property of tropism for CD4-bearing cells. Infection is initiated by a high-affinity interaction between CD4 and conserved domains on the viral envelope glycoprotein. In this report, we demonstrated that SIV had a restricted host range amon
Lundgren JD; Orholm M; Nielsen TL; Iversen J; Hertz J; Nielsen JO; Department of Infectious Disease, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen; University, Denmark.
No evidence of Pneumocystis carinii infection was found in eight symptom free patients who were positive for the human immunodeficiency virus and who underwent bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage, and brush biopsy. This suggests that the presence of Pneumocystis carinii in bronchoscopy material is likely to indicate
Jakobsen J; Gyldensted C; Brun B; Bruhn P; Helweg-Larsen S; Arlien-Soborg P; Department of Neuroradiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
In a cross-sectional study of unselected Danish AIDS patients various linear measures of cerebral ventricular size obtained by computed tomography were compared with results of neuropsychological test performances. Third ventricular width as well as right and left septum-caudate distances were enlarged in the patients
Am J Public Health. 1989 Apr;79(4):459-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191067
Magura S; Grossman JI; Lipton DS; Siddiqi Q; Shapiro J; Marion I; Amann KR; Narcotic and Drug Research, Inc., New York, NY 10013.
Data from 110 IV-drug abusing persons in methadone maintenance were analyzed to determine the correlates of needle sharing. Sharing was directly related to peer group behavior, attitudes conducive to sharing, economic motivation to share, not owning injection equipment, and fatalism about developing AIDS. Sharers were
Lee BL; Medina I; Benowitz NL; Jacob P 3d; Wofsy CB; Mills J 5th; San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center, California.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine the interaction between dapsone and trimethoprim in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN: Measurement of drug levels as part of an open study of dapsone alone and randomized, double-blind comparison of trimethoprim-dapsone with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in
Rogers LA; Forster SM; Pinching AJ; Department of Immunology, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School,; London, UK.
T and B cell function, in particular IgD production in vitro, were studied across the spectrum of HIV infection in homosexual men and compared with seronegative homosexual and heterosexual male controls. Proliferation to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) was reduced most strikingly in symptomatic HIV infection; it was also im
Daniel V; Schimpf K; Opelz G; Department of Transplantation Immunology, University of; Heidelberg, FRG.
Immune parameters were studied in 86 haemophilia patients (six with AIDS) and 87 healthy controls. We found lymphocytotoxic alloantibodies in HIV-positive (HIV+) sera which reacted preferentially with B lymphocytes but also with T lymphocytes, and which reacted more frequently at 4 degrees C than at 37 degrees C. The
Fennoy I; Laraque D; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, Harlem Hospital; Medical Center, New York, New York 10037.
The disorder, benign transient hyperphosphatasia, has been defined previously as a condition occurring in a normal child with spontaneous, transient elevation of alkaline phosphatase. We report three cases of hyperphosphatasia in patients with congenital HIV infection and underlying liver disease which appear to satis
Wilson C; Reitz MS; Okayama H; Eiden MV; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Institute of Cancer,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
The gibbon ape leukemia virus, SEATO strain, and human T-cell leukemia virus type I envelope glycoproteins can be functionally assembled with a Moloney murine leukemia virus core into infectious particles. The envelope-host cell receptor interaction is the major determinant of the host cell specificity for these hybri
South Med J. 1989 Apr;82(4):423-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89203497
Saulsbury FT; Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia Medical Center,; Charlottesville 22908.
Two premature infants were infected with HIV via blood transfusions during the neonatal period. Although neither patient had serum antibody to HIV owing to severe hypogammaglobulinemia, HIV infection was confirmed by finding HIV antigen in the sera of both patients. These cases show that HIV infection can produce seve
Cryptosporidiosis is a coccidial protozoan initially reported in domestic animals. It is primarily a gastrointestinal organism that does not invade mucosa. It was first described in 1976 in developing countries as an etiology of infantile diarrhea with inanition and malnutrition. Gastrointestinal involvement in patien
Fauci AS; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda,; Maryland 20894.
The epidemic of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) presents unusual challenges to basic and clinical biomedical research. The issues of clinical trials and access to therapeutic drugs pose dilemmas for researchers, physicians, and AIDS patients and their families. Clinical trials are conducted for two related
Electromyography is a useful extension of the neurological examination. This article reviews the range of methods available to the electromyographer and the types of abnormalities that can be detected.
Thurn JR; Henry K; Department of Medicine, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center,; Minneapolis 55101.
Influenza A results in considerable morbidity, mortality and economic costs. Although immunoprophylaxis and chemoprophylaxis are targeted toward high-risk groups, persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have not been widely recognized as being at increased risk of influenza infection. We report a cas
The threat of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has triggered a specific public response: fear of contagion, an anxiety over the perceived threat of catching the disease. Four behaviors characterize this fear: avoidance, attempting extreme precautions, lack of regard for the victims, and expressions of fear of
Gurevich I; Infection Control Department, Winthrop-University Hospital,; Mineola, NY 11501.
Few topics generate as much misinformation and fear as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. As a result, many physicians and nurses believe that universal testing of hospitalized patients would decrease their risk of inadvertent exposure to undiagnosed carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Quite the c
Nyamathi A; van Servellen G; School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles; 90024-6918.
A diagnosis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a devastating experience, placing those with the syndrome at high risk for ineffective coping. During the acute stage of illness, when the patient is admitted to a critical care setting, a crisis can ensue and precipitate intense anxiety, anger, denial, d
The literature on substance abuse in youth is reviewed and current terminology is defined. Perspectives are presented on epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, prevention, treatment, outcome, associated problems, issues of interface with other professionals, and directions for future research. S
A gene encoding a 113-amino acid, NH2-terminal fragment of CD4, rsT4.113, was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli under the control of the tryptophan operon promoter. Following induction, rsT4.113 is produced at 5-10% of total E. coli protein, and it is found in inclusion bodies. The protein is purified in t
Crislip MA; Edwards JE Jr; Harbor/UCLA Medical Center, Torrance.
C. albicans and its related species have become major nosocomial causes of morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised and in other severely ill patients. Diagnosis of the severe forms of the disease remains difficult and depends on the basis of a composite of clinical findings. Treatment for most forms of severe
Rinaldi MG; Fungus Testing Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of; Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio.
The number and types of opportunistic fungal pathogens are increasing dramatically. It is likely that this trend will continue as the numbers of immunosuppressed patients escalate. Both the clinician and laboratorian must maintain a high index of suspicion for mycoses in these settings. Responsible fungal agents may b
Perfect JR; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Cryptococcosis emphasizes the importance of the host-parasite interaction. C. neoformans has developed factors to invade the host but generally requires host immune dysfunction to establish infection. Cryptococcal infection has increased as our immunocompromised pool of patients enlarges. Although many questions regar
Tucker T; Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case; Western Reserve University, OH 44106.
The retrovirus that causes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has two targets: the immune system and the nervous system. Central nervous system (CNS) manifestations of AIDS are protean. This review describes the opportunistic infections and malignancies that affect the nervous system in AIDS, and discusses
The article reviews selected legal issues regarding AIDS and HIV infection. Following an overview of the legislative and regulatory structure of public health laws in the United States , the article describes legal issues relating to the development of an AIDS vaccine, determination of
Allensworth DD; Symons CW; Dept. of Adult, Counseling, Health, and Vocational Education,; Kent State University, OH 44242.
To develop effective school-based programs to prevent the spread of AIDS, programmers must apply principles related to learning and behavior change. Due to the complexity of influencing contemporary adolescent sexual behavior, a multidisciplinary approach using multiple intervention strategies is essential. Health pro
Med Hypotheses. 1989 Jan;28(1):3-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89181256
Godin N
Intense efforts are presently being made world-wide to produce an efficient AIDS vaccine. Based on a review of current medical research and scientific papers, a strategy to obtain quickly an effective, safe and marketable AIDS Vaccine with available monoclonal antibodies is described.
Pindborg JJ; Department of Oral Pathology, Royal Dental College, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
This article proposes a classification for oral lesions associated with HIV infection. The lesions can be classified into those with fungal, bacterial, or viral origin whereas other subgroups include neoplasms, neurologic disturbances, and lesions of unknown cause. This proposal is neither final nor exhaustive and is
Green TL; Hikado M; Greenspan D; Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of; California, San Francisco.
This case report describes the occurrence of a lesion of granuloma annulare in the buccal mucosa. This skin condition occurs rarely on the mucous membranes and has not been previously described in the oral cavity. It was initially seen as a raised, firm lesion with a 1-month history in a 31-year-old patient with acqui
Raffoux C; Fontenay M; Clauvel JP; Seligmann M; Colombani J; Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
An increased frequency of HLA-DR5 antigen is reported in 34 patients with thrombocytopenic purpura HIV related. That increase of HLA-DR5 antigen support the fact that DR5 could be the witness of the predisposition to develop clinical symptoms.
Scutchfield FD; Benenson AS; Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA; 92182.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a new and frightening epidemic. Epidemiology has clearly delineated the mechanisms of spread as sexual intercourse, transfer of blood, and vertical transfer from infected mother to newborn child. Although much remains to be answered about infection with the AIDS virus, pres
Epstein JB; Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
About half of the general population harbors Candida species in oral flora, and oral candidal infections are common. However, in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed patients, candidiasis may progress to life-threatening systemic disease. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immunodeficiency syn
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1841-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184523
Meek TD; Dayton BD; Metcalf BW; Dreyer GB; Strickler JE; Gorniak JG; Rosenberg M; Moore ML; Magaard VW; Debouck C; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Smith Kline & French; Laboratories, King of Prussia, PA 19406.
Recombinant human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease, purified from a bacterial expression system, processed a recombinant form of its natural substrate, Pr55gag, into protein fragments that possess molecular weights commensurate with those of the virion gag proteins. Molecular weights of the protease obtained
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2157-61. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184587
Kashanchi F; Wood C; Department of Microbiology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045.
The long terminal repeat (LTR) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) contains the viral promoter, which is responsible for viral gene expression in eukaryotic cells. We have demonstrated that HIV LTR can also function as a promoter in Escherichia coli. A recombinant plasmid containing the HIV LTR linked to the chl
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2423-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184639
Kemp DJ; Smith DB; Foote SJ; Samaras N; Peterson MG; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Victoria,; Australia.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure has many potential applications in mass screening. We describe here a general assay for colorimetric detection of amplified DNA. The target DNA is first amplified by PCR, and then a second set of oligonucleotides, nested between the first two, is incorporated by three or m
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2433-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184641
Franchini G; Fargnoli KA; Giombini F; Jagodzinski L; De Rossi A; Bosch M; Biberfeld G; Fenyo EM; Albert J; Gallo RC; et al; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
We obtained complete genomic clones of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) from the DNA of the neoplastic human cell line HUT 78 freshly infected with a HIV-2 isolate, strain SBL6669. The recombinant phage DNA was transfected into the lymphocytes of CD4-positive HUT 78 cell line to test the replication compete
In patients with HIV infection, secondary prophylaxis should prevent HIV-associated complications caused by opportunistic infections and psychosocial morbidity. This overview presents the possibilities of chemoprophylaxis and control of transmission to prevent opportunistic and non-opportunistic infections. Indication
Pela AO; Platt JJ; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of; Osteopathic Medicine, Center of Excellence in Addiction Treatment; Research, Camden 08103.
This paper reviews the literature on AIDS in Africa. By 29 February, 1988, 9760 cases of AIDS had been reported in Africa. This review addresses the currently accepted belief in the African origin of AIDS, the distribution (cluster) of AIDS in Africa, identified modes of transmission, and changing sexual and drug use
Z Erkr Atmungsorgane. 1989;172(1):5-39. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89188824
Cone LA; Woodard DR; Lynch RD; Sneider RE; Section of Infectious Diseases, Eisenhower Medical Center, Rancho; Mirage, California.
It is apparent that the lung is frequently involved by a number of opportunistic pathogens and neoplasms in AIDS patients. What is even more disconcerting is the fact that often several infections or infection and neoplasm can coexist [236]. At this time, although effective therapy is at hand for most of the disorders
Nguyen N; Rimmer S; Katz B; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego,; School of Medicine, La Jolla.
We recorded eye movements using infrared oculography in ten patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and ten control subjects of similar age. Peak saccadic velocity for the AIDS group was significantly lower than that of the control group for both adducting and abducting saccades (P less than .001).
MacDonald KL; Jackson JB; Bowman RJ; Polesky HF; Rhame FS; Balfour HH Jr; Osterholm MT; Minnesota Department of Health.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate performance characteristics of sequential enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Western blot human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody testing in a low-risk population. DESIGN: Three-year prospective study of a selected sample from a community-based population. SETTING: Two blood collect
Becker CE; Cone JE; Gerberding J; San Francisco General Medical Center, California.
As the epidemic of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) expands, the prevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in health care environments will increase and health care workers in many locations are likely to be at increased risk for exposure. The Fifth Annual Advances in Occupational Can
Ann Intern Med. 1989 May 1;110(9):727-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191882
Lo B; Steinbrook RL; Cooke M; Coates TJ; Walters EJ; Hulley SB; University of California, San Francisco.
Voluntary screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may help prevent the spread of the HIV epidemic if persons who test positive alter behaviors that may transmit infection. Protecting persons from unknowingly being exposed to HIV infection must be balanced against respecting the autonomy of individua
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Mar 15;159(2):420-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89193615
Moore ML; Bryan WM; Fakhoury SA; Magaard VW; Huffman WF; Dayton BD; Meek TD; Hyland L; Dreyer GB; Metcalf BW; et al; Department of Peptide Chemistry, Smith Kline & French; Laboratories, King of Prussia, PA 19406.
Oligopeptides containing the consensus retroviral protease cleavage sequence Ser/Thr-X-Y-Tyr/Phe-Pro are substrates for purified recombinant HIV-1 protease with Km s in the millimolar range. The minimum sequence containing the consensus pentapeptide which serves as a good substrate is a heptapeptide spanning the P4-P3
Knuver-Hopf J; Mohr H; Beyer J; Lambrecht B; Mix D; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Schmitt H; German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Lower Saxony,; Springe, Federal Republic of Germany.
Antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) in samples from blood donors are commonly detected by various enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and by confirmatory tests, e.g., Western blot or immunofluorescence tests. Immunoblot reactivity, which is directed only towards the HIV-1 core protein
Childs Nerv Syst. 1989 Feb;5(1):9-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89195186
Curless RG; Department of Neurology, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33101.
Congenital AIDS results from active maternal infection even though the infant s mother may be asymptomatic when the first sign of infection presents in her child. In most instances the initial symptoms are not referable to the nervous system, however this may be misleading due to the age of the patient. By eighteen mo
Blanchard DK; Michelini-Norris MB; Friedman H; Djeu JY; Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of; South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa 33612.
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) is a ubiquitous soil contaminant that rarely causes disseminated disease in adults regardless of immunological status. In AIDS patients, however, this organism invades virtually every tissue and organ, and most conventional chemotherapeutic agents are usually ineffective agains
Ljunggren K; Karlson A; Fenyo EM; Jondal M; Department of Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm,; Sweden.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMC, from 64 HIV-1-infected patients were tested for natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) functions against HIV-1-infected U937 clone 2 cells. The ADCC function was tested both with serum and effector cells from the same patient, with an HIV-1 ant
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) presents a challenge for dietitians. Changes in the immune system have a potentially detrimental effect on nutritional status as a result of conditions such as anorexia, infection, diarrhea, and drug side effects. Conversely, poor nutrition status may adversely alter the
Persons with hemophilia and other coagulation disorders were at risk for infection with HIV as a result of receiving blood products, particularly concentrated clotting factors. Because these products are now donor-screened and heat-treated to inactivate HIV, the risk of further infection in this population has been mi
Kozarsky K; Penman M; Basiripour L; Haseltine W; Sodroski J; Krieger M; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,; Cambridge 02139.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope protein is synthesized as a gp160 precursor that is cleaved to a 120 kDa exterior glycoprotein (gp120) and a 41 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein (gp41). The HIV-1 envelope protein was stably expressed under the control of the transactivator proteins tat and rev, i
Genesca J; Shih JW; Esteban JI; Alter HJ; Department of Transfusion Medicine, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical; Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Three enzyme immunoassays (EIA), two polyclonal and one monoclonal, and one polyclonal radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus antigen (HIV-Ag) have been evaluated and compared. The three EIAs had similar sensitivity in detecting HIV viral lysate and were more sensitive than the RIA, w
Ujhelyi E; Fust G; Katonka M; Hejjas M; Hollan SR; National Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion,; Budapest, Hungary.
Using confirmed positive and false-positive serum samples stored in deep frozen state we studied the reproducibility of the results obtained by different anti-HIV enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits. Experiences obtained with 3 kits are presented. Two types of observations were made: (a) significant inter-lot, intra-lot and
Med Clin North Am. 1989 May;73(3):701-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89200630
Dinsmoor MJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas; Health Science Center, San Antonio.
Although coexistent HIV infection and pregnancy are still rare in most communities, as the prevalence of HIV and AIDS continues to rise, the practicing physician can expect to see this more frequently. The internist plays a crucial role in educating these patients as to the importance of safe sex practices and pregnan
Shadduck JA; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary; Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana.
Several protozoan parasites of the phylum Microspora, previously only rarely recognized in humans, are being detected with increasing frequency in patients with AIDS. These protozoa are small obligate intracellular parasites of the intestine, liver, muscles, cornea, and several other tissues. They are difficult to det
Glaser JB; Hammerschlag MR; McCormack WM; Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health; Science Center, Brooklyn.
Rape is a violent crime that is increasing rapidly in incidence. Victims can include male and female adults and children. These victims may be at risk for the acquisition of many sexually transmitted conditions. The risk will vary with the sex and socioeconomic status of the assailant as well as with the nature of the
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1989 Mar;16(3 Pt 2):516-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89206242
Seiki M; Dept. of Viral Oncology, Cancer Research Institute Kanazawa; University.
Proliferation of HTLV-1 after infection is one of the crucial steps that affects development of adult T cell leukemia. In addition, one of the regulatory factors, tax protein, activates not only viral transcription from the LTR but also transcription of genes coding IL-2
BMJ. 1989 Jan 28;298(6668):215-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89167167
Evans BA; McLean KA; Dawson SG; Teece SA; Bond RA; MacRae KD; Thorp RW; Department of Genitourinary Medicine, West London Hospital.
To assess whether the spread of infection with HIV can be reduced by changes in behaviour among groups most at risk because of their sexual practices sexual behaviour was monitored among 1050 homosexual men tested for HIV infection at a genitourinary medicine clinic in west London from November 1984 to September 1987.
BMJ. 1989 Jan 28;298(6668):218-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89167168
van Griensven GJ; de Vroome EM; Goudsmit J; Coutinho RA; Department of Infectious Diseases, Municipal Health Service,; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
To investigate the epidemiology and normal course of infection with HIV the prevalence and incidence of the infection were studied among two cohorts of homosexual men in Amsterdam in 1980-7. The cumulative incidence of infection increased from a weighted 2.2% in 1980 to 39.0% in 1987. The estimated yearly incidence of
BMJ. 1989 Jan 28;298(6668):235-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89167177
Smit C; Rosendaal FR; Varekamp I; Brocker-Vriends A; Van Dijck H; Suurmeijer TP; Briet E; Department of Haematology, University Hospital Leiden, The; Netherlands.
A study was carried out among haemophiliacs in The Netherlands to evaluate the effect of modern substitution treatment (replacing the missing clotting factors) on medical and social performance. Three questionnaires were sent between 1972 and 1985. The use of prophylactic trea
Berntorp E; Jarevi G; Wedback A; Bottiger B; Hansson BG; Nordenfelt E; Nilsson IM; Department for Coagulation Disorders, University of Lund, Malmo,; Sweden.
The longitudinal follow-up is described of 36 anti-HIV positive haemophiliacs who had seroconverted in the period 1980-82, and of 41 seronegative controls. Laboratory variables were followed up for a mean duration of 2.5 years (1985-87). Of the 36 seropositive patients, AIDS developed in 3, and generalised persistent
Crowle AJ; Poche P; Webb-Waring Lung Institute, Department of Microbiology and; Immunology, Denver, Colorado 80262.
Normal human serum used as a protein supplement in RPMI 1640 medium inhibited growth in blood-derived human macrophages (MP) of virulent Mycobacterium avium serovars 4 and 8, derived from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, but not virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A defined serum substitute (SS) prom
Harris C; Nyquist RP Jr; Avery SJ; Hahn S; Reichgott MJ; Division of Infectious Disease, Albert Einstein College of; Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
Now that models of care for numerous HIV-related conditions have been defined, a knowledge base exists for developing protocols of appropriate, high-quality care for HIV-infected patients. Bronx Municipal Hospital Center in New York City plans to implement a monitoring and evaluation program for HIV-related care that
Sonsel GE; Client Services Division, AIDS Project Los Angeles.
The case management program at APLA hastens the receipt of medical, psychological, and social services to persons diagnosed with AIDS and ARC. The design accommodates the unique problems encountered by this client population that are created largely by the stigma and fear associated with HIV infection in the
It is estimated that patients with AIDS (PWAs) may require acute hospital care for only about 10% of their illness. Without alternative services and settings available for the PWA, unnecessary and expensive acute hospitalizations will only continue. Using the San Francisco model of AIDS services, this article describe
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2331-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184620
Lowenthal JW; Ballard DW; Bohnlein E; Greene WC; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke; University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
We have investigated the biochemical basis for the activation of interleukin 2 receptor alpha-subunit (IL-2R alpha) gene expression in primary human T lymphocytes by a cytokine (tumor necrosis factor alpha), a T-cell mitogen (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), and the transactivator protein (Tax) from the type I human
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2336-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184621
Osborn L; Kunkel S; Nabel GJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Internal Medicine,; University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor 48109.
Binding of peptide hormones to surface membrane receptors leads to the transcription of specific genes within relevant target cells. How these signals are transduced to alter gene expression is largely unknown, but this mechanism probably involves a sequence of enzymatic steps that activate factors in the nucleus that
Ndimbie OK; Raman BK; Saeed SM; Division of Hematopathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit,; Michigan.
A 37-year-old intravenous drug abuser with acquired immune deficiency syndrome showed elevated activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time, normal thrombin time and fibrinogen, and borderline low platelet counts. The patient subsequently had a fracture of the left zygomatic arch, which did not pr
BMJ. 1989 Feb 18;298(6671):411-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89194453
OBJECTIVE--To identify risk factors for sexual transmission of HIV from infected men to their female sexual partners. DESIGN--Cross sectional analysis as part of a continuing study. Data were obtained by interviewing heterosexual couples in which the man was infected with HIV. Risks were assessed by comparing couples
BMJ. 1989 Feb 18;298(6671):415-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89194454
A national study of the prevalence of HIV antibody designed to monitor sexual spread of HIV infection in England and Wales was made of homosexual and heterosexual patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in four districts in 1985, seven in 1986, and 14 in 1987. Patients were invited to participate and w
BMJ. 1989 Feb 18;298(6671):419-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89194455
Loveday C; Pomeroy L; Weller IV; Quirk J; Hawkins A; Williams H; Smith A; Williams P; Tedder RS; Adler MW; Academic Department of Genitourinary Medicine, University College; and Middlesex School of Medicine, London.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the prevalence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in all patients attending a London sexually transmitted disease clinic over four weeks at the end of 1987 and to see how it varied from that in similar samples studied between 1982 and 1986. DESIGN--Anonymous testing of ser
BMJ. 1989 Feb 18;298(6671):422-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89194456
Most studies of the spread of HIV infection have centred on homosexuals and intravenous drug users. To estimate the extent of infection in different groups, including heterosexuals, the prevalence of HIV antibody was studied in 34,222 subjects tested with consent between October 1986 and December 1987 in England. Thes
The amino acid L-tryptophan is known to be a modulator of many processes of cell metabolism. In this contribution we show that L-tryptophan interferes with some biological effects of the antileukemic and anti-human immunodeficiency virus agent avarol, possibly by different mechanisms. Avarol has been shown to be able
Walker CM; Moody DJ; Stites DP; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
Production of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMC) from many seropositive individuals is inhibited by the presence of CD8+ T lymphocytes. In a study of 10 subjects, high levels of virus replication could be detected in cultures of purified CD4+ cells, but not in u
Taylor JM; Fahey JL; Detels R; Giorgi JV; Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of; California, Los Angeles 90024.
Data from a 3 year longitudinal study of CD4 levels in 813 untreated HIV-seropositive men are presented. Baseline CD4 levels were used to stratify the men for the severity of HIV disease at the outset of the study, and each man s CD4 levels and progression to AIDS were evaluated. These data can be used to advise patie
Oka S; Hirabayashi Y; Mouri H; Sakurada S; Goto H; Ohnishi K; Kimura S; Mitamura K; Shimada K; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Tokyo, Japan.
beta-Interferon (IFN-beta) was evaluated prospectively for its antiviral activities in early stage human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Ten patients with hemophilia and HIV infection [8 asymptomatic carriers (AC) and 2 AIDS-related complex (ARC)] were intravenously injected with 1 million IU of IFN-beta twice
Ruprecht RM; Mullaney S; Andersen J; Bronson R; Division of Cancer Pharmacology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, Massachusetts.
Castanospermine (1,6,7,8-tetrahydroxyoctahydroindolizine), an inhibitor of glycoprotein processing, has been shown to inhibit the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with acceptable toxicity in cultured cells. In contrast to reverse transcriptase inhibitors, castanospermine targets host enzymes. We have analyz
Fuchs D; Hausen A; Reibnegger G; Werner ER; Werner-Felmayer G; Dierich MP; Wachter H; Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of; Innsbruck, Austria.
Serum concentrations of interferon-gamma were measured in individuals seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). According to the CDC classification system, 6 presented with stage IV-C, 5 with stage IV-A, 8 with stage III, and the remaining 24 individuals with stage II. A modified radioimmunoassay p
Weislow OS; Kiser R; Fine DL; Bader J; Shoemaker RH; Boyd MR; Program Resources, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick; Cancer Research Facility, MD.
We have developed an effective and optimally safe microculture method for rapid and convenient assay of the in vitro cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) on human lymphoblastoid or other suitable host cells. The assay procedure is applicable to the evaluation of drug effects on in vitro infection
Handsfield HH; Rice RJ; Roberts MC; Holmes KK; Seattle-King County Department of Public Health, Harborview; Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
In King County, Washington, penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections increased from 0.8% of reported cases of gonorrhea in 1986 to 6.8% of cases in the third quarter of 1987, then stabilized at 2.7% to 3.6% of cases. Of 268 penicillinase-producing N gonorrhoeae isolates tested, 159 (59%) belonged to a
Public Health Rep. 1989 Mar-Apr;104(2):105-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89202619
Koop CE; Ginzburg HM; Public Health Service, Washington, DC 20201.
The Public Health Service (PHS) is the second oldest uniformed service of the United States ; its tradition commenced with the establishment of the Marine Hospital Service in 1798. Congress, in 1889, established the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps under the aegis
Public Health Rep. 1989 Mar-Apr;104(2):121-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89202621
Arnow PM; Pottenger LA; Stocking CB; Siegler M; DeLeeuw HW; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
Concern regarding an occupational risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may influence surgeons willingness to operate. A questionnaire survey of all orthopedists in the five cities with the most cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was conducted to assess attitudes and practices
Public Health Rep. 1989 Mar-Apr;104(2):130-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89202622
Gerbert B; Maguire B; Division of Behavioral Sciences, School of Dentistry, University; of California, San Francisco 94143-0754.
Public acceptance of the Surgeon General s brochure, Understanding AIDS, was investigated in a nationwide telephone survey of a representative sample of 2,000 adults generated by random digit dialing. A response rate of 75 percent was achieved. A total of 59 percent of respondents remembered receiving the brochure; of
Public Health Rep. 1989 Mar-Apr;104(2):196-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89202633
Archer DL; Division of Microbiology, FDA, Washington, DC 20204.
More than a million people in the United States are now infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and by 1991, the United States will record 270,000 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). At present, there is no way to estimate the number of AIDS patients who will
Beilke MA; Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of; Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
During infection the vascular endothelial cell (EC) undergoes important immunologic alterations leading to increased leukocyte-EC adherence and initiation of a host inflammatory response. ECs express class 2 immune response genes and the interleukin 1 gene to a greater degree during infection and thus may be capable o
AZT is now the standard of care for all persons with AIDS, ARC or T4 helper cell levels less than 200/mm3. Some authorities are cautiously recommending it with full informed consent for patients who have fewer than 400 mm3 T4 cells or who have sustain
Acierno LJ; Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, College of Health,; University of Central Florida, Orlando 32816.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has become an increasingly important health problem worldwide. This review focuses on its cardiac complications. The key elements in the clinical syndrome are the opportunistic infections and the cancer that occur as a by-product of the immunodeficiency process. However, as ea
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):2026-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184560
Reibnegger G; Fuchs D; Hausen A; Werner ER; Werner-Felmayer G; Dierich MP; Wachter H; Institute for Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of; Innsbruck, Austria.
A mathematical analysis is presented for several simple dynamical systems that might be considered as crude descriptions for the situation when an immune system retrovirus, immune cells, and normal autonomously replicating pathogens interact. By stability analysis of the steady-state solutions, the destabilizing effec
Ann Intern Med. 1989 May 1;110(9):710-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89191879
Erlich KS; Jacobson MA; Koehler JE; Follansbee SE; Drennan DP; Gooze L; Safrin S; Mills J; University of California, San Francisco.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether trisodium phosphonoformate (foscarnet) is efficacious in treating severe mucocutaneous disease due to acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN: Open-labeled drug administration to patie
The gamma/delta T cell receptor is expressed on 1-15% of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). This subpopulation is recognized by anti-TcR-delta 1 MoAb which is functionally defined as a pan-delta MoAb. Two other antibodies, anti-Ti-gamma A and anti-delta-TcS1 are directed at variable determinants of eithe
Riviere Y; Tanneau-Salvadori F; Regnault A; Lopez O; Sansonetti P; Guy B; Kieny MP; Fournel JJ; Montagnier L; Viral Oncology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
By using target cells that expressed isolated env, gag, p27nef, or p23vif molecules introduced by recombinant vaccinia viruses containing genes encoding these polypeptides, it was possible to identify env, gag, p27nef, and p23vif as cytolytic target antigens for freshly isolated blood cells from human immunodeficiency
Presse Med. 1989 Mar 11;18(10):525-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89202264
Kaplan G; Ziza JM; Prier A; Chamaret S; Piette JC; Godeau P; Service de Rhumatologie, Hopital Saint-Antoine, Paris.
Articular manifestations were observed in 10 patients (8 men, 2 women, aged from 23 to 46 years) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. All men were homosexuals, except for an intravenous drug addict. One woman was a native of Gabon and the other had multiple transfusion
Am J Hematol. 1989 May;31(1):71-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89205525
Hultin MB; Dattwyler RJ; Lipton RA; Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony; Brook.
In 1983, six patients who were exclusively treated with factor IX (FIX) concentrate (greater than 40,000 units/yr) were prospectively matched for age and dosage to six patients treated exclusively with factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate and to six normal male controls. At baseline evaluation between October 1983 and May
Gerencer M; Valpotic I; Jukic B; Tomaskovic M; Basic I; Tissue Typing Center, KBC Rebro, University Hospital, Zagreb,; Yugoslavia.
Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a disease caused by a lymphocytotropic lentivirus which belongs to the same subfamily as HIV. Because of the very close relationship of their predicted gag and pol gene products and similarities in clinical manifestations of the disease, EIA served as a model to study immunological ev
Singer F; Talavera W; Zumoff B; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York; 10003.
Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels are elevated in sarcoidosis and have been used both to diagnose and to assess response to treatment of this disease. We report significantly (p less than .0005) elevated ACE levels in patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) (49 +/- 14 U/L) compared with norma
Ibegbu CC; Kennedy MS; Maddon PJ; Deen KC; Hicks D; Sweet RW; McDougal JS; Division of Host Factors, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA 30333.
A soluble form of the human CD4 glycoprotein (sCD4), the cellular receptor for human HIV, was treated with various physical, chemical, and enzymic regimens and tested over a range of concentrations for its capacity to inhibit the binding of HIV to CD4+ T cells. Reduction of disulfide bonds and alkylation in denaturing
Riedel DA; Evans AS; Saxinger C; Blattner WA; Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
A 1972 historic sera collection from two health districts in Barbados , British West Indies, was evaluated for risk factors and epidemiologic patterns of HTLV-I (human T cell leukemia virus type I) during a time prior to the first report of its discovery in 1980. HTLV-I seropreval
Fenouillet E; Clerget-Raslain B; Gluckman JC; Guetard D; Montagnier L; Bahraoui E; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Deficits; Immunitaires, Hopital de la Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
gp120 and CD4 are two glycoproteins that are considered to interact together to allow the binding of HIV to CD4+ cells. We have utilized enzymatic digestion by endoglycosidases in order to analyze N-linked carbohydrate chains of these proteins and their possible role in the interaction of gp120 or gp160 with CD4. SDS
Perno CF; Yarchoan R; Cooney DA; Hartman NR; Webb DS; Hao Z; Mitsuya H; Johns DG; Broder S; Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
We have investigated the influence of granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) on the replication of HIV-1 in cells of monocyte/macrophage (M/M) lineage, and its effect on the anti-HIV activity of several 2 3 -dideoxynucleoside congeners of thymidine in these cells in vitro. We found that replication of both HTLV-IIIBa-L (
Brankin B; Wisdom GB; Allen IV; Hawkins SA; Cosby SL; Department of Biochemistry, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern; Ireland, U.K.
Antibodies to the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 were measured in cerebrospinal fluid samples using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Six of the 13 clinically definite MS patients had elevated levels of antibodies compared with other neurological disease and orthopaedic controls. None of the samples from MS patients
Poteat HT; Kadison P; McGuire K; Park L; Park RE; Sodroski JG; Haseltine WA; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, Massachusetts.
The sequences that control transcriptional initiation of the provirus of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) are shown to be responsive to intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. A heptanucleotide sequence present within the 21-nucleotide repeat sequence that is similar to the cyclic AMP-responsive consensus (
Aziz DC; Hanna Z; Jolicoeur P; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Clinical Research Institute of; Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Different classes of retroviruses have been shown to induce immunodeficiency diseases in various animal species. These animal models may provide an insight into our understanding of AIDS but, with the exception of one strain of feline leukaemia virus, the determinants of pathogenicity have not yet been mapped to these
Newland JR; Adler-Storthz K; Department of Pathology and Radiology, University of Texas Health; Science Center, Houston.
Intraoral Kaposi s sarcomas from five patients with AIDS were examined for the presence of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) DNA by in situ hybridization using a biotin-labeled CMV DNA probe and by Southern blot analysis. CMV DNA was det
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1987-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184552
Till MA; Zolla-Pazner S; Gorny MK; Patton JS; Uhr JW; Vitetta ES; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center, Dallas 75235.
Two human monoclonal antibodies specific for the envelope glycoprotein (gp), gp41, of the human immunodeficiency virus were conjugated to deglycosylated ricin A chain. These immunotoxins killed human immunodeficiency virus-infected H9 (T cell) and U937 (monocyte) cell lines but were nontoxic to the uninfected cell lin
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):2046-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184564
Twu JS; Robinson WS; Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of; Medicine, CA 94305-5107.
The smallest open reading frame of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been designated the X gene and its biological function during HBV infection and replication is not known. Experiments described here demonstrate that expression of the HBV X gene in HepG2 cells containing a plasmid with the chloramphenicol acetyltransferas
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2143-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184584
Sun XH; Baltimore D; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, MA 02142.
To study the effect of poliovirus protein 2A on cellular RNA translation, the tat control system of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was used. Protein 2A was expressed from a plasmid construct (pHIV/2A) incorporating the HIV long terminal repeat. Protein synthesis was measured by using chloramphenicol acetyltransfer
We reviewed retrospectively the clinical records of 28 patients with AIDS staged group IV according to CDC-criteria. Among these, 19 had pulmonary disease: most of them (n = 17) had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (Pcp). 12/17 patients with proven Pcp displayed typical x-ray findings with diffuse perihilar interstitial
Carbone A; De Re V; Gloghini A; Volpe R; Tavian M; Tirelli U; Monfardini S; Boiocchi M; Division of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano,; Italy.
We investigated for rearrangements of the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy and light chain genes and of the T cell receptor gamma (TCR gamma) and beta (TCR beta) genes 45 biopsy samples from a variety of lymphoproliferative disorders. They were diagnosed histopathologically and immunophenotypically as non-Hodgkin s lymphomas
Katz RL; Alappattu C; Glass JP; Bruner JM; Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson; Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston 77030.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, white blood cell (WBC) count and protein were evaluated in 32 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or an AIDS-related complex who manifested a variety of neurologic symptoms. Of 17 patients with AIDS-related encepha
Arlinghaus RB; Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Texas System; Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute,; Houston.
Effective vaccines against tumor antigens have not yet been produced. However, immunomodulators hold much promise in cancer therapy. Such treatments will probably involve using combinations of various immunomodulators together with activated killer cells. Development of vaccines against tumor-causing viruses seems to
Skolnik PR; Pomerantz RJ; de la Monte SM; Lee SF; Hsiung GD; Foos RY; Cowan GM; Kosloff BR; Hirsch MS; Pepose JS; Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, New; England Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine,; Boston, Massachusetts.
We examined retinal tissue from eight human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex for evidence of dual infection with HIV-1 and cytomegalovirus . Culture demonstrated simultaneous infection
Winward KE; Hamed LM; Glaser JS; Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute,; University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33101.
We studied four patients with HIV-associated optic neuropathies. One had syphilitic optic perineuritis, which responded promptly and completely to penicillin therapy. The second had cytomegalovirus papillitis and visual acuity subsequently deteriorated to no light perception. The t
Mortensen J; Nielsen SL; Sorensen I; Andersen HK; Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
An antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of immunoglobulin D (IgD) antibodies to cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) in sera from blood donors and various groups of patients infected wit
DeRiso AJ 2d; Kemeny MM; Torres RA; Oliver JM; Departments of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical; Center, New York 10011.
Disseminated cytomegalovirus infection in patients with AIDS usually involves the lungs, retina, esophagus, or colon. Gastrointestinal involvement may present clinically with fever, intractable diarrhea, and crampy abdominal pain. Ulcerations have been seen throughout the gastroint
Connolly GM; Shanson D; Hawkins DA; Webster JN; Gazzard BG; St Stephen's Hospital, London.
Thirty of 81 consecutive HIV antibody positive patients referred with non-cryptosporidial diarrhoea had no potential infectious cause; most had AIDS related complex rather than the full blown syndrome. Opportunistic infections with cytomegalovirus (
Balzarini J; Herdewijn P; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
3 -Azido-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine ( AZT ) and 2 ,3 -didehydro-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine (D4T) are potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus replication in MT-4 and ATH8 cells. They are also inhibitory to the replication of murine retrov
Murray HW; Oca MJ; Granger AM; Schreiber RD; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cornell University Medical; College, New York 10021.
Although directly microbicidal, pentavalent antimony has failed as treatment for visceral leishmaniasis in patients who also have AIDS or are receiving immunosuppressive therapy. To define the role of T cells in the successful host response to chemotherapy, we examined the efficacy of pentavalent antimony (sodium stib
Chaplin AJ; Heryet A; Holdsworth LN; Eglin RP; Millard PR; Department of Histopathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford.
A method for inactivating viruses in tissues is reported that does not impair the antigenicity of the Coxsackie virus or of some common tissue antigens, a common problem with standard tissue fixation methods. Tissues can be placed briefly in Betapropiolactone before cryostat sectioning without any adverse effect on pr
A 26 year old male intravenous drug abuser presented with rapidly progressive paraplegia and total incontinence. CSF examination showed elevated protein level and pleocytosis. HIV testing was positive. Anti CMV titres were mildly elevated in serum and CSF. Death
Flomenbaum M; Soeiro R; Udem SA; Kress Y; Factor SM; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.
In order to determine if cardiac tissue from AIDS patients or patients with seropositivity to HIV-1 might be infected by HIV-1, portions of myocardium obtained postmortem were evaluated for HIV-1 DNA sequences. Cellular DNA was extracted and digested with EcoR1 and Southern blots were performed. One of three AIDS hear
Small JA; Bieberich C; Ghotbi Z; Hess J; Scangos GA; Clements JE; Division of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School; of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Visna virus is a lentivirus which causes a slow progressive disease involving the immune system and the central nervous system. To determine the role of the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) in targeting the virus to specific host cells and tissues, transgenic mice were constructed which contained the visna virus LTR d
Katoh I; Ikawa Y; Yoshinaka Y; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Tsukuba Life Science Center.
Retroviruses and retroviruslike elements have a protease for specific cleavage of their polyprotein precursors. On the basis of amino acid sequences conserved among species and the sensitivity to protease inhibitors , it was proposed that the retrovirus protease coul
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1989 Mar;16(3 Pt 2):522-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89206243
Kuchino Y; Biophysics Division of National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo.
Mammalian cells contain two species of glutamine tRNAs, tRNA(CUGGIn) and tRNA(UmUGGIn). The later minor glutamine tRNA which has the UmUG anticodon sequence can recognize an UAG amber termination codon of natural mRNA in an in vitro translation system. Recognition of the UAG nonsense codon by mammalian tRNA(UmUGGIn) i
Kotler DP; Tierney AR; Altilio D; Wang J; Pierson RN; Department of Medicine, Nuclear Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt; Hospital Center, New York NY 10025.
Disseminated cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection is a common complication of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and contributes significantly to its morbidity and mortality. Ganciclovir, a guanosine analogue, inhibits CMV replica
Hadwiger-Fangmeier A; Niemann H; Tamura T; Institut fur Medizinische Virologie, Justus-Liebig-Universitat; Giessen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Normal rat kidney (NRK) cells transformed by the v-sis oncogene of simian sarcoma virus (SSV) were treated with the glucosidase I inhibitor castanospermine. The inhibitor did not change cell morphology, but specific growth parameters such as serum- and anchorage-independence were lost.
Kobayashi T; Miwa H; Uchida T; Matsuoka N; Kita K; Shirakawa S; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mie; University, Tsu-City, Japan.
Immunoperoxidase electron microscopy revealed intracellular expression of CD2, CD13, and CD25 antigens in a unique human T lymphotropic virus type I infected cell line, TI-CL. This cell line is thought to be derived from cord mononuclear cells in the bifurcation stage of T cell and myelomonocytic lineage, based on cyt
Lancet. 1989 Mar 25;1(8639):654-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89180382
Golden JA; Chernoff D; Hollander H; Feigal D; Conte JE; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Francisco.
The efficacy and toxicity of pentamidine inhaled once a month to prevent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was investigated in 102 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC). The cohort was compared with historical controls after a mean duration of prophylaxis of 6.38
De Wit S; Weerts D; Goossens H; Clumeck N; Division of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital,; Brussels, Belgium.
In a randomised, double-blind study the efficacy and toxicity of oral fluconazole 50 mg daily and ketoconazole 200 mg daily were compared for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC). 20 episodes (18 patients) were treated with
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1993-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184553
Gurley RJ; Ikeuchi K; Byrn RA; Anderson K; Groopman JE; New England Deaconess Hospital, Division of Hematology/Oncology,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
The pathogenesis of cellular immune deficiency following human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection could result from quantitative and/or qualitative dysfunction of the CD4+ lymphocyte population. To better characterize the T-cell response to soluble antigen with HIV infection, we have isolated peripheral blood lymp
De Pasquale A; Ginaldi L; Limoncelli P; Quaglino D; Department of Internal Medicine, University of L'Aquila, Italy.
In order to assess whether changes in the relative proportions of cells pertaining to different T-lymphocyte subsets correlate with dipeptidyl amino peptidase IV (DAP IV) activity, the enzyme was cytochemically investigated in circulating lymphocytes from 20 HIV-I-seropositive drug addicts. Although on the average, a
Tersmette M; Gruters RA; de Wolf F; de Goede RE; Lange JM; Schellekens PT; Goudsmit J; Huisman HG; Miedema F; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
Sequential human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolates, recovered from a panel of longitudinally collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 20 initially asymptomatic HIV-seropositive homosexual men, were studied for differences in replication rate, syncytium-inducing capacity, and host range. Eleven in
In a community based prevalence study of HIV infection in Bissau, West Africa, 1987, the population in 100 randomly selected houses was asked to participate. 89% (1329/1499) were examined and had a blood sample taken. None was HIV-1 seropositive but 4.7% were seropositive for HIV-2 (0.6% in children, 8.9% in those age
Biochemistry. 1988 Dec 13;27(25):8884-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89166493
Lowe DM; Aitken A; Bradley C; Darby GK; Larder BA; Powell KL; Purifoy DJ; Tisdale M; Stammers DK; Department of Molecular Sciences, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Beckenham, Kent, U.K.
Bacterially expressed recombinant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is active as both a homodimer of Mr 66,000 subunits and a heterodimer of Mr 66,000 and 51,000 subunits. The heterodimer is formed by cleavage of a C-terminal fragment from one Mr 66,000 polypeptide, which occurs during purification and crystallization of re
Buttner T; Dorndorf W; Neurologische Klinik der Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen.
Clinical symptoms, course of disease, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and cranial CT of 53 patients suffering from acute or subacute encephalitis were evaluated retrospectively. The virus could be identified in 21 (39%) patients. Nine of them had herpes simplex virus-encephalitis. 16 patients, eight with herpes simplex viru
Bost KL; Pascual DW; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama,; Birmingham 35294.
Recent investigations have identified a homologous sequence between the lymphokine interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) and the envelope protein of HIV. This homology is one of six amino acids corresponding to interleukin-2 (IL-2) residues 14-19 (Leu-Glu-His-Leu-Leu-Leu) and to the ca
Huber HE; McCoy JM; Seehra JS; Richardson CC; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology,; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
We have analyzed the kinetics of DNA synthesis catalyzed by reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). Reverse transcriptase, overproduced in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity, has polymerase and RNase H activity. Reverse transcriptase forms a stable complex with poly(rA).oligo(dT) p
Yssel H; de Waal Malefyt R; Duc Dodon MD; Blanchard D; Gazzolo L; de Vries JE; Spits H; UNICET, Laboratory for Immunological Research, Dardilly, France.
The effect of human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) infection on the function and the phenotype of a human proliferating/cytotoxic T cell clone, specific for tetanus toxin, was investigated. During the period after infection, two distinct phases were observed, based on growth properties, phenotype, and
Kornbluth RS; Oh PS; Munis JR; Cleveland PH; Richman DD; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
To determine the effects of immunomodulatory agents upon HIV replication in macrophages, cultured monocyte-derived macrophages were treated with various substances and then infected with a macrophage-tropic strain of HIV-1. Pretreatment with rIFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-gamma, or bacterial LPS prevented viral replica
Li Y; Naidu YM; Daniel MD; Desrosiers RC; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, New England; Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School,; Southborough, Massachusetts 01772.
Serological surveys have revealed that 30 to 50% of wild-caught African green monkeys have antibodies reactive to simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), a retrovirus related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although the nucleotide sequence of one SIVagm isolate, Tyo1, was recently reported, the extent of genetic v
The reliability of laboratory parameters for the prediction of impending manifestation of AIDS in HIV-1 infected patients was investigated. Over a mean observation period of approximately 1 year (5 to 33 months) 56 patients were studied. Eleven patients progressed to AIDS (group 1) and 45 remained free of AIDS-definin
Neurath AR; Strick N; Girard M; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, NY; 10021.
B- and T-cell epitopes from three distinct regions of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope (env) protein (preS1, preS2 and S) are involved in eliciting protective immunity. Since preS1 sequences inhibit the secretion of HBV env proteins from eukaryotic cells, it is difficult to prepare immunogens rich in preS1 sequenc
Zealand TP; AIDS Resource Foundation for Children, Newark, New Jersey 07107.
St Clare s Home for Children in Elizabeth, New Jersey, is a transitional foster home for children aged six years or younger who have AIDS, ARC, or who are HIV-positive. The home s purpose is to allow these otherwise healthy children to leave the hospital and live in a homelike environment while awaiting placement with
Afzal N; Wyatt A; Social Services and Discharge Planning, Coler Memorial Hospital,; New York, New York 10044.
Institutional long term care (LTC) can be important for AIDS patients because they frequently survive acute illness episodes yet remain severely incapacitated. Many of them are also homeless, or their families or friends are unwilling or unable to care for them. In three years of providing LTC for AIDS patients, staff
Presse Med. 1989 Mar 4;18(9):484-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184314
Bachelez H; Revuz J; Service de Dermatologie clinique et Venereologie, Hopital; Henri Mondor, Creteil.
Several clinical, epidemiological and immunological data support the opportunistic nature of Kaposi s disease. Although the physiopathology of the disease is unknown, its characteristics, and particularly its immunological dependence, have repercussions on treatment which must avoid making the immunological process wo
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):2021-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184559
Sarin PS; Rodgers-Johnson P; Sun DK; Thornton AH; Morgan OS; Gibbs WN; Mora C; McKhann G 2d; Gajdusek DC; Gibbs CJ Jr; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
The isolation and characterization of a human T-cell lymphotropic retrovirus related to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) from cerebrospinal fluid of a Jamaican patient with tropical spastic paraparesis is described. The virus isolate is a typical type C retrovirus as seen by electron microscopy and is r
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2383-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89184631
Kuhnel H; von Briesen H; Dietrich U; Adamski M; Mix D; Biesert L; Kreutz R; Immelmann A; Henco K; Meichsner C; et al; Chemotherapeutisches Forschungsinstitut, Frankfurt, Federal; Republic of Germany.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-related viruses were isolated from a Gambian dying of exclusively neurological disease (HIV-2D194) and from an asymptomatic Ghanian (HIV-2D205). Both strains exhibited properties of HIV-1 biological subtype c: they grew slowly and induced few or no syncytia but eventually pr
Science. 1989 Mar 31;243(4899):1731-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89186925
Larder BA; Darby G; Richman DD; Molecular Sciences, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham,; Kent BR3 3BS, United Kingdon.
The drug sensitivities of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolates from a group of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) who were receiving zidovudine (3 -azido-3 -deoythymidine, AZT ) therapy were tes
Lin RY; Department of Medicine, Metropolitan Hospital, New York, NY; 10029.
Diffuse dermatitis and markedly elevated serum IgE concentrations were observed in three adult males who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody. The clinical features in common for these patients included 1) an adult onset of greater than 6 weeks duration associated with pruritis, 2) T-help
Schumacher HR; Desai SN; McClain KL; Domenico DR; Dizikes GJ; Bird ML; Department of Pathology, Loyola University of Chicago Medical; Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153.
Two unusual cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia-hand mirror variant (ALL-HMV) are presented. One patient demonstrated a mixed immunophenotype with HLA-DR, My7, transferrin receptor surface markers, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase positivity. To the authors knowledge, this is the first ALL-HMV reported wit
The evidence that schizophrenia may involve infection by a virus (or viruses) has been indirect. The recent discovery, however, of the human retroviruses--human T-cell lymphoma-leukemia virus-I, and II (HTLV-I, -II) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)--now also known to affect the central nervous system (CNS), toge
Numazaki K; Bai XQ; Goldman H; Wong I; Spira B; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B.; Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We have succeeded in growing the HTLV-IIIB strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in cultured human thymic epithelial (TE) cells. Expression of the HIV-1 proteins p17 and p24 was detected by immunofluorescence and reached a peak at 3 days after infection. Antigen capture and reverse transcriptase assays
Girolami A; Luzzatto G; Dal Bo Zanon R; Lazzaro AR; De Rossi A; Stocco D; Institute of Medical Semeiotics, University of Padua Medical; School, Italy.
We have investigated up to the beginning of 1987 114 patients with congenital clotting disorders. 84 had received plasma and/or clotting factors concentrates. 18 out of 84 (21%) had leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or both. 64 out of 84 (76%) had been infected by hepatitis B virus. The great majority of them (62 out 64)
Golding H; Shearer GM; Hillman K; Lucas P; Manischewitz J; Zajac RA; Clerici M; Gress RE; Boswell RN; Golding B; Division of Virology, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
We previously reported the identification of highly conserved homologous regions located in the carboxy terminus of the HIV I gp41-envelope (aa 837-844), and the amino-terminal of the beta chain of all human HLA class II antigens (aa 19-25). Murine monoclonal antibodies, raised against synthetic peptides from these ho
Modrow S; Hoflacher B; Gurtler L; Deinhardt F; Wolf H; Max von Pettenkofer-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat; Munich, F.R.G.
A series of synthetic carrier bound oligopeptides derived from corresponding regions of the core and envelope proteins of HIV-1 and HIV-2 were used in enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISA) for serodiagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infected individuals. The combination of peptides from regions either conserved or hig
Albrecht MA; DeLuca NA; Byrn RA; Schaffer PA; Hammer SM; Department of Medicine, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston,; Massachusetts.
The interaction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) was investigated in an acute whole-virus coinfection system. CD4+ lymphoid CEM cells were infected with HIV-1 and, 24 h later, superinfected with HSV-1 (strain KOS) or HSV mutants possessing defined deletions in genes specifying the i
Mador N; Panet A; Honigman A; Department of Molecular Genetics, Hebrew University-Hadassah; Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
Sequence analysis of human T-cell leukemia proviral DNA revealed three open reading frames arranged at a -1 position relative to one another. On the basis of homology to other retroviruses, these open reading frames were assigned to the gag, pro, and pol genes. To characterize the primary protein products of these gen
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2892-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89202432
Kraus G; Werner A; Baier M; Binniger D; Ferdinand FJ; Norley S; Kurth R; Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany.
We have isolated lentivirus strains that are related to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops; AGM). Although immunologically related, these SIVagm are clearly distinct from other simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) isolates, including isolates from Macaca mulatta (S
Nordstrom DM; Petropolis AA; Giorno R; Gates RH; Reddy VB; Department of Medicine, Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora,; CO 80045.
A 33-year-old black woman with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented with rapidly progressive muscle weakness and serologic and radiologic evidence of central nervous system Toxoplasma infection. Muscle biopsy revealed an inflammatory infiltrate predominantly composed of macrophages and T suppre
New York Supplement, 2d Series. 1988 May 18 (date of decision);529:429-432. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/27323
A New York County Court held that a defendant who pled guilty to attempted rape in the first degree may be ordered to submit to blood tests to determine whether he had been exposed to AIDS. The results of this test may be reported to the defendant and to the victim, even though such results may expose the defendant to
Federal Supplement. 1988 Jul 27 (date of decision);689:874-877. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/27447
The U.S. District Court for Wisconsin held that the constitutional right to privacy extends to the privacy of medical records and of the doctor patient relationship, and that a prison inmate retains this right even when incarcerated. The Court ruled that prison medical personnel were not acting within their discretio
Federal Supplement. 1987 Apr 22 (date of decision);662:50-55. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE KIE/27488
A preliminary injunction was denied by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia to stop the Department of State s mandatory human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in the medical fitness program for foreign service employees, on the grounds of insufficient likelihood that the plaintiff union representin
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