OPPORTUNISTIC VIRAL INFECTIONS IN ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME

Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1989. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

OPPORTUNISTIC VIRAL INFECTIONS IN ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME

AIDS and the Nervous System. Rosenblum ML et al, eds. New York, Raven Press, p. 221-61, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89648470
Dix RD; Bredesen DE; Dept. of Ophthalmology, Univ. of Miami Sch. of Medicine, P.O. Box; 016880, Miami, FL 33101

Abstract: Clinicians now face a growing population of immunodeficient adults who frequently suffer from neurological disorders of viral origin. New patterns of disease have emerged. The clinical course of many viral infections has been profoundly altered, and viruses not commonly associated with neurological disease in the past are now recovered routinely from nervous system tissues in patients (pts) with AIDS. Virological, pathological, and clinical features are summarized for the opportunistic viral infections of the nervous system in pts infected with HIV. Topics include papovaviruses (JC virus, Simian virus 40-like virus, and BK virus and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy), adenoviruses, cytomegalovirus (encephalitis and inflammatory polyradiculopathy), herpes simplex virus (encephalitis, meningitis, acute encephalitis in pts with AIDS, subacute encephalitis, and subclinical encephalitis), varicella-zoster virus (herpes zoster encephalitis in AIDS), and Epstein-Barr virus (neurological complications in AIDS). Before strategies for management of virus-induced neurological diseases in pts with severe immunodeficiency can be developed, the patterns of neurological complications associated with AIDS must be defined more precisely and categorized according to specific viral etiologies so that accurate diagnoses can be made early in the course of the illness. As AIDS spreads to populations other than those in which it is most common at present, the constellation of neurological manifestations observed today will no doubt change to reflect the viruses endemic to those populations. (285 Refs)

Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS/*MICROBIOLOGY Cytomegalovirus Infections/MICROBIOLOGY Encephalitis/MICROBIOLOGY Herpes Simplex/MICROBIOLOGY Herpes Zoster/MICROBIOLOGY Herpesvirus 4, Human/PATHOGENICITY Human HIV/PATHOGENICITY Meningitis/MICROBIOLOGY Nervous System Diseases/ETIOLOGY/*MICROBIOLOGY Opportunistic Infections/ETIOLOGY/*MICROBIOLOGY Polyradiculoneuritis/MICROBIOLOGY Virus Diseases/ETIOLOGY/*MICROBIOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL

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