New York : Wiley-Liss, c1990 xxiv, 410 p. : ill (UCLA symposia on molecular and cellular biology (Series) ; new ser., v. 119) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8916508
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Polliack A, Catovsky D, eds. New York, Harwood Academic Publishers, p. 11-32, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89656261
Linet MS; Blattner WA; Dept. of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Hygiene and; Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
Epidemiologic findings, coupled with examination of immunologic and immunopathologic characteristics, suggest etiologic similarity for the morphologically and clinically different B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and B-cell non-Hodgkin s lymphoma . Thus, epidemiologic studi
Modern Approaches to New Vaccines Including Prevention of AIDS. September 14-18, 1988, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 167 p., 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89656942
Anonymous; No affiliation given
This volume contains abstracts of most of the papers presented at the 1988 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory meeting on Modern Approaches to New Vaccines, Including Prevention of AIDS. Sessions of the meeting covered immunology, AIDS, virology, parasitology, and bacteriology. Topics include the following: immunodominance
Current Therapy in Hematology-Oncology-3. Brain MC, Carbone PP, eds. Current Therapy Series, Toronto, B.C. Decker, p. 243-50, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89657373
Walsh TJ; Schimpff SC; Div. of Cancer Treatment, NCI, Bethesda, MD
Infections develop in immunocompromised patients (pts) as a function of specific deficits in immunologic, anatomic, or physiologic integrity. Management of infections is discussed, including: treatment of infections associated with granulocytopenia ( combination therapy
Current Therapy in Hematology-Oncology-3. Brain MC, Carbone PP, eds. Current Therapy Series, Toronto, B.C. Decker, p. 350-2, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89657395
Ziegler JL; AIDS Clinical Research Center, San Francisco, CA
In 1981, the unusual occurrence of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) and opportunistic infections in homosexual men heralded the epidemic of AIDS. AIDS-induced alterations in the natural history of cancer, treatment strategies for KS, non-Hodgkin s lymphoma (NHL) and other cancers in patients
Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, as NTIS/TIB/A88-80572, 66 p., 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89657542
The danger of dioxin is shown, on the one hand, by its acute toxicity (1/10 of a million of a gram will cause the death of a guinea pig) and on the other hand, by its carcinogenic effect, the damage to future generations and the destruction or weakening of the body s defenses. A precise survey on this is first concern
AIDS Updates; 1(1):1-12 1988. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89657615
Henderson DK; Hosp. Epidemiology Service, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical; Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD
With the discovery of the agent responsible for AIDS and the subsequent development of serologic tests for antibodies directed against HIV-1, it has become possible to assess more clearly the risk for occupational/nosocomial transmission of the virus. The seropositivity rates of health-care workers (HCWs) have been sh
AIDS Updates; 1(2):1-10 1988. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89657616
Henochowicz S; Hoth D; AIDS Program, Natl. Inst. of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,; Bethesda, MD
Treatment strategies for AIDS, to date, have focused on development of (1) antiretroviral agents against the primary HIV infection and its sequelae, (2) anti-infectives useful in either preventing or treating secondary opportunistic infections, (3) biologic response modifiers that can effectively restore immune functi
Ettore Majorana Int Life Sci Ser; 4:1-265 1988. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89657792
Anonymous; No affiliation given
This volume contains the proceedings of a course held in 1986 at the International School of Medical Sciences, Ettore Majorana Centre for Scientific Culture, Erice (Trapani), Sicily, Italy . The emphasis is on the role of oncogenes in pediatric tumors and the techniques applied in th
The Langerhans cells are immunocompetent dendritic cells in the epidermis and the stratified epithelia. Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Langerhans Cells, held in Lyon, France , April 21-22, 1988, are presented. Recent developments in the following areas are discussed: origin a
Retroviruses carry out two unusual reactions during their life cycle. Following infection of sensitive cells, the single-stranded genomic RNA is converted into double-stranded DNA by the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase. In the second step newly synthesized viral DNA is inserted permanently into the host chromosome
Porwit A; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Monoclonal antibodies were applied in studies of benign lymphatic lesions, malignant lymphomas and HIV-related lymphadenopathy and also in HIV-encephalopathy using immunoenzymatic methods. In reactive lymph nodes and tonsils a distinct distribution of different subsets of T cells and NK-cells (Leu7+) was demonstrated,
Streptonigrin, an antitumor antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces flocculus, is one of the most potent antitumor compounds known. It shows activity against a wide variety of experimental animal tumors as well as several viruses, including herpes simplex I and HTLV III. Its clinical effectiveness was also demonstrated
Current Therapy in Hematology-Oncology-3. Brain MC, Carbone PP, eds. Current Therapy Series, Toronto, B.C. Decker, p. 353-5, 1988.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/89657396
Richman SP; Vogel CL; Div. of Medical Oncology, Papanicolaou Comprehensive Cancer; Inst., Miami, FL
Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) occurs in four clinical settings. Therapy for AIDS-associated KS (AIDS-KS), including chemotherapy, interferons (IFNs), and radiotherapy (RT), and management of classic KS, African KS, and KS in renal transplant recipients are discussed. For AIDS-KS, a staging system has been proposed that is rou
Markman M; Solid Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New; York, NY 10021
Supportive care for patients (pts) with cancer is discussed, including antiemetic therapy, management of infections, and application of hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs). Developments in supportive care continue to be among the most important in clinical oncology, both in terms of optimizing the quality
Lecour H; Santos Ferreira M; Lourenco M; Pestana M; Seara A; Cerqueira Magro F; Fernandes S; Loureiro A; Amaral I; Rodrigues A; Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Pharmacy, Lisboa,; Portugal.
Tauris P; Madsen M; Wallevik K; Ingerslev J; Poulsen J; Black F; Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases,; Marselisborg Hospital, Denmark.
Archibald D; Essex M; McLane MF; Sauk J; Tachibana N; Mueller N; Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, University of; Maryland, Baltimore.
Secretory antibodies protect mucosal surfaces against transmission of many viruses. Human T-lymphotropic Virus, Type I (HTLV-I) is transmitted via blood products and via sexual contact across mucosal surfaces. We investigated the presence of HTLV-I-specific antibodies in whole saliva samples from 10 seronegative and 2
Goudsmit J; Smit L; Klaver B; Asher DM; Wolff A; Gibbs CJ Jr; Gajdusek DC; Virology Department, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Cell fusion of HTLV-IIIB-infected EBV-transformed B cells and CD4+ T cells was inhibited by sera from eight of nine HIV infected chimpanzees. Syncytia formation was reduced by sixty percent relative to control after only 5 minutes of preincubation of the HIV infected cells with immune primate serum, indicating that th
Ye CQ; Folkers K; Tamagawa H; Pfeiffer C; Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Texas, Austin.
Two situations required a modified determination of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in human blood and organ tissue. Blood from patients with AIDS and cancer raised apprehensions about safety to an analyst, and the number of specimens for analysis is increasing enormously. A modified determination replaces silica gel-TLC with di
Wasser L; Talavera W; Villamena P; Akin MR; Fox K; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York,; N.Y. 10003.
A 32-year-old male intravenous drug abuser was admitted to our institution with constitutional symptoms and sputum smears containing acid-fast bacilli, but no parenchymal disease on chest radiograph. He subsequently developed massive haemoptysis and required an emergency lobectomy. The pathology specimen revealed mili
Lewin C; Williams RJ; Department of Family Psychiatry, Bristol Royal Hospital for Sick; Children.
Two young adolescents are reported in whom fears of contracting AIDS were a prominent part of their clinical presentation. Public anxiety, specific developmental vulnerability, and exposure to the media information campaign about HIV infection and AIDS are discussed as factors in the genesis and precipitation of emoti
Postgrad Med J. 1988 Dec;64(758):956-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89386369
Ong EL; Ellis ME; McDowell D; Gebril M; Weinkove C; Ead R; Regional Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine,; Monsall Hospital, Manchester, UK.
A 42 year old heterosexual male with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection presented with a 2-week history of tense blistering skin lesions following azidothymidine therapy. Urinary porphyrin excretion confirmed the diagnosis of porphyria cutanea tarda. The blisters resolved following the withdrawal of th
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1988;82(6):902-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89388974
Standaert B; Kocheleff P; Kadende P; Nitunga N; Guerna T; Laroche R; Piot P; Belgian Medical Cooperation Project SIDA au Burundi.
In the first seroepidemiological survey in Burundi in 1984, only 59 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases were recognized. We report here clinical surveillance of AIDS cases in the 4 hospitals in Bujumbura during a 4-month period in 1986. The project was combined with a
Van Vooren JP; Farber CM; Motte S; De Bruyn J; Legros F; Yernault JC; Chest Department, Hopital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium.
A diagnosis of mycobacterial infection was supported by a serological assay in a patient with AIDS. Specific antibody levels were not above the threshold of positivity determined in non-immunodeficient patients, but sera obtained previously were available, and a significant rise in titre was observed.
Parker JW; USC Clinical Laboratories, University of Southern California; School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Because of recent advances in instrumentation, immunological reagents, and methods for measuring a variety of cell constituents and functions, there has been increasing interest in clinical applications of flow cytometry. Several commercially available flow cytometers and a growing list of monoclonal antibodies make i
Halstead S; Riccio M; Harlow P; Oretti R; Thompson C; Department of Psychiatry, Charing Cross Hospital, London.
Five cases of psychiatric illness, presenting as functional psychosis, occurring in male homosexuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are described and compared with similar cases in the literature. The association between psychosis and infection with HIV is discussed with particular emphasis on the s
Cauda R; Tyring SK; Tamburrini E; Ventura G; Tambarello M; Ortona L; Department of Infectious Diseases, Catholic University, Rome,; Italy.
The degree of clinical severity in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients, ranging from asymptomatic seropositive subjects to acquired immune deficiency syndrome, as well as in individuals at risk was assessed in relation to: (1) T-cell subset balance and expression of markers of T-cell activation; (2) natural
Postgrad Med J. 1988 Dec;64(758):919-25. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89386358
Guiloff RJ; Fuller GN; Roberts A; Hargreaves M; Gazzard B; Scaravilli F; Harcourt-Webster JN; Department of Neurology, St Stephen's Hospital, London, UK.
Clinical neurological involvement at various times throughout the illness was recorded in 52% of 122 patients seen in central London who died from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Various metabolic encephalopathies, dementias, focal encephalopathies, retinopathies and peripheral nerve pathology were the most
Bredesen DE; Levy RM; Rosenblum ML; Department of Neurology, University of California School of; Medicine, San Francisco.
HIV-infected patients are at markedly increased risk for neurological dysfunction, which may occur at any level of the neuraxis (see Table 1). The most common syndromes--AIDS dementia complex, vacuolar myelopathy, and possibly distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy--appear to be re
HIV infection in children presents a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, from asymptomatic to opportunistic infections, neurologic deterioration and malignancy. This retrospective study describes the characteristics of 30 HIV infected children, attended at the Hospital Infantil de
Fredman L; Rabin DL; Bowman M; Bandemer C; Sardeson K; Taggart VS; English DK; Division of Survey Research, AIDS Administration, Maryland; Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore 20201.
The degree and depth to which primary care physicians counsel patients at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major concern. To determine which factors influence whether physicians counsel patients at risk for HIV, primary care physicians s clinical experience, knowledge, attitudes, and preventi
Hu DJ; Keller R; Fleming D; Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
Though Hispanics are the fastest-growing minority group in the United States and have a high cumulative incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), very little data are available concerning attitudes and beliefs concerning AIDS in this population. In January 1988, 216 Hispa
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):385-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89352106
Federico M; Titti F; Butto S; Orecchia A; Carlini F; Taddeo B; Macchi B; Maggiano N; Verani P; Rossi GB; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome,; Italy.
HUT-78 cells were infected with a reverse transcriptase (RT)-positive supernatant of a culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from an AIDS patient and then cloned. Of these clones, two have been isolated and characterized. Clone D10 is persistently and productively infected with an HIV variant. The clone F12, i
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):397-409. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89352107
Fultz PN; McClure HM; Anderson DC; Switzer WM; Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322.
A virus pool isolated from lymphoid tissue of a macaque (PBj) infected for 14 months with SIV/SMM was found to be associated with acute disease and death. Six of six pig-tailed macaques, one of three rhesus macaques, and three of four SIV/SMM-seronegative mangabeys developed acute disease within 5 days and died from 7
Cuthbert RJ; Ludlam CA; Rebus S; Peutherer JF; Aw DW; Beatson D; Steel CM; Reynolds B; Department of Haematology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh.
HIV p24 antigenaemia and virus detection in cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes were examined in 16 of 18 haemophiliacs infected with HIV by a single batch of Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service factor VIII concentrate. Six (38%) had p24 antigenaemia and 11 (69%) had positive lymphocyte cultures. All seve
Berman E; Duigou-Osterndorf R; Krown SE; Fanucchi MP; Chou J; Hirsch MS; Clarkson BD; Chou TC; Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New; York 10021.
Azidothymidine ( AZT ) and interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) are among the drugs showing strong in vitro activity against the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Each drug, however, has significant toxicity against normal marrow progenitor cells tha
Ingold FR; Ingold S; Institute for Epidemiological Research on Drug Dependence (IREP),; Paris, France.
A study to evaluate the effects of the liberalization of syringe sales in France , which was carried out in 1987 and 1988 in Paris and at Creteil, Maisons-Alfort, Metz, Bordeaux and Marseille by a research team of the Institute for Epidemiological Research on Drug Dependence (IREP)
Cole RP; Gault DT; Department of Plastic Surgery, St Thomas's Hospital, London.
Intraoperative perforation of surgical gloves is common. Nine hundred and forty surgical gloves were tested after 100 consecutive plastic surgical operations, each involving a surgeon, a variable number of assistants and a scrub nurse. In the first 52 operations, single gloves were used and 21.5% of the staff were fou
Power C; Weinshenker BG; Dekaban GA; Ebers GC; Francis GS; Rice GP; Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of; Western Ontario, University Hospital, London, Canada.
We report the clinical and laboratory findings of six Canadian patients with progressive myelopathy associated with HTLV-1 infection. The diagnosis was suspected on clinical grounds and supported by serological studies and positive gene amplification. Only five had emigrated from an area endemic for HTLV-1 infection.
Can J Psychiatry. 1989 Aug;34(6):576-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89354156
Wittenberg J; Lazenby A; Hospital for Sick Children.
Congenital AIDS is on the rise and will pose multiple problems to society and to health care workers in particular, as more infants develop the disorder. Differentiation of AIDS from infantile grief reactions is of critical importance, as infants at risk for AIDS lose their mothers who have AIDS. Team approaches are o
Hanada S; Uematsu T; Iwahashi M; Nomura K; Utsunomiya A; Kodama M; Ishibashi K; Terada A; Saito T; Makino T; et al; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
In order to clarify the prevalence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection in the Kagoshima district, Japan , a highly endemic area for HTLV-I, antibodies for HTLV-I (anti-HTLV-I) were examined in the sera of 6167 from healthy residents and patients with various hema
Belec PL; Testa J; Vohito MD; Gresenguet G; Martin MI; Tabo A; Di Costanzo B; Georges AJ; Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Republique centrafricaine.
To describe and evaluate the frequency of neurological and psychiatric manifestations in African patients with AIDS, 93 in patients at the National Hospital Center, Bangui, were chosen according to the WHO clinical definition of AIDS and were confirmed to be HIV-1 positive (92/93) or HIV-2 positive (1/93) by Western b
Schill PH; Bruneau B; Le Page B; Humeau O; Grimault C; Tampreau V; Blanchard de Vaucouleurs A; Buisson Y; Hopital d'instruction des armees du Val-de-Grace, Paris.
A sero-epidemiological study was conducted from July to August 1988, in a haitian population living in rural area. Out of 116 serum samples searched for H1V1 antibodies and anti-HTLV1, 5.2% and 4.3% were reactive, respectively. Both positivity H1V1/HTLV1 was observed in one case. HBs Ag carriers were 13%. Analysis of
Floch PJ; Laroche R; Kadende P; Nkurunziza T; Mpfizi B; Laboratoire de Biologie Medicale, CHU de Bujumbura, Burundi.
A research was made on one hundred cases of diarrhoeas in Aids-patients by stool examination including examination of duodenal aspirated liquid. Concerning the examination of duodenal fluid, we founded the parasites in almost one hundred patients of the cases. Among parasites observed, Isospora belli was the most freq
Connecticut s 66 AIDS cases initially reported with no identified risks (NIRS) were reviewed and intensively investigated. Investigation resulted in reclassification of 45 cases (68.2%) to categories of known risk; one case (1.5%) was misdiagnosed as AIDS. Twenty cases (30.3%) remain NIRS because no risk could be esta
O'Brien RF; Cohn DL; Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonary and Infectious; Diseases Divisions), Denver Department of Health and Hospitals.
We describe the clinical course and pleural fluid findings in patients with AIDS-associated pleural KS and survival analysis of cases from the Colorado registry with and without pleuropulmonary KS. Twenty-one of 105 (20 percent) of AIDS cases with KS had pleuropulmonary involvement with KS and 13 (62 percent) had pleu
In the present paper the serial combinations (components of the combination offered separately), as used in conventional combination therapy , are compared with the integrated complex combination (offered as fixed combinations). So far, three combinations have been
Marfella A; Ruocco V; Capobianco A; Perna M; Santelli G; Frigione G; Kyalwazi SK; Mugerwa RD; Serwadda D; Beth-Giraldo E; et al; Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute; Fondaz. Sen. G. Pascale, Naples, Italy.
The presence of circulating alpha-interferon and neopterin was investigated in sera of 47 patients affected by African Kaposi s sarcoma, both HIV-seropositive (13 patients) and HIV-seronegative (34 patients). For comparison, analyses were also performed in 20 HIV-seropositive symptomatic African subjects as well as in
ter Meulen J; Wittkowski KM; Kidenya JJ; Pollath M; Dorries R; Fleischer K; Dietz K; ter Meulen V; Institut fur Virologie und Immunbiologie, Universitat; Wurzburg.
To assess the possible role of sexually transmitted diseases as cofactors for the spread of AIDS, 248 adult patients were tested for the presence of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis. The survey was conducted in a hospital at Kagondo, Kagera Region, Northwest
Chen G; Karayiannis P; McGarvey MJ; Lever AM; McDonald JA; Scully LJ; Kanatakis S; Thomas HC; Department of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital Medical School,; Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London.
Response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers is preceded by the appearance of IgM class anti-HBc (antibody to hepatitis B core antigen). The temporal relationship and magnitude of the IgM anti-HBc response is variable suggesting that the antibody is not directly involved in hepatocyte lys
The case of a 78-year-old woman with a 2-year history of chronic persistent oral candidiasis, in whom an HIV infection (stage III, Frankfurt Classification according to Brodt, stage 6 Walter Reed Staging Classification, stage IV WHO Classification, manifest AIDS according to the new 1988 Classification) was diagnosed,
Masina M; Costa AM; Patrizi A; Ricchi E; Costigliola P
The Authors report a 24 year-old female who presented a linear localized epidermal nevus, from birth. Few months after a diagnosis of HIV infection (ARC WR 4) they observed the flaring-up of psoriasis both on the typical cutaneous sites, and on nevus, which looked like linear psoriasis.
Botticelli AR; Criscuolo M; Di Gregorio C; Istituto di Anatomia e Istologia Patologica, Universita di; Modena.
We report the neuropathological findings of 5 post-mortem cases of AIDS. The most common causes of the death were multiple opportunistic infections associated with cutaneous and/or visceral Kaposi sarcoma in two cases. Cerebral edema, demyelination and spongiosis of the white matter were present but the most remarkabl
Mazzocchio R; Rossi A; Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche, Universita di Siena.
The study was performed on a group of 17 patients with spastic paraparesis: 12 with hereditary spastic paraparesis, 3 with cord compression and 2 with complete spinal transection. 10 healthy volunteers acted as controls. Recurrent inhibition of the soleus alpha-motoneurones was estimated at rest and during voluntary c
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989 Jul 15;195(2):190-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89358828
Tennyson AV
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a human disease; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does not infect animals other than nonhuman primates. Veterinarians and their employees are no more at risk by reason of their employment than are workers in offices. Cautions for health care workers do not generally appl
Five clinical situations involving children and adolescents exposed to human immunodeficiency virus illustrate the psychosocial spectrum of the disease. For at-risk gay youth, anxiety and stigma complicate developing sexual practices. Children with perinatal infection may survive for years with a chronic illness, mana
We are reporting the first clinical case of AIDS from South India . The disease was diagnosed in a patient of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma . The source of infection was blood transfusion. After the diagnosis of this case, we undertook routine screening o
Giam CZ; Xu YL; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Medical; Center, College of Medicine, Omaha 68105.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia. The 3 end of HTLV-I proviral DNA encodes the synthesis of two regulatory proteins, tax and rex. The 40-kDa tax protein is a nuclear protein which positively stimulates transcription from the U3 region of the viral long term
Mulhall BP; Naselli G; Whittingham S; Burnet Clinical Research Unit, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of; Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia.
Tests for anticardiolipin antibodies (ACL) on sera from 100 male homosexuals and 60 male heterosexuals showed that 57% of the homosexuals, in contrast to none of the heterosexuals, were ACL positive. The ACL were predominantly of the immunoglobulin G isotype and, in a high proportion of cases tested (82%), were reacti
Kline RL; Brothers TA; Brookmeyer R; Zeger S; Quinn TC; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
The pooling of individual serum samples to determine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity was examined to assess whether testing pooled sera was technically feasible, cost-effective, and accurate for estimating seroprevalence in large population surveys. The sensitivities and specificities of three commer
In the capture competition immunoassay, undiluted serum was reacted in solution with purified human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen in wells of microtest plates coated with anti-HIV immunoglobulin G antibodies (HIV capture antibodies). HIV antibodies present in the serum being tested combined with the HIV antigen
Sia EO; Englund JA; Sannerud K; Hansen K; Shah N; Balfour HH Jr; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of; Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis, 55455.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody-positive subjects were inoculated into cell cultures used for routine viral isolation to determine if HIV could survive in them. HIV was recovered from 5 (19%) of 26 day 1 supernatants and from four of the five samples in all th
Harrell LJ; Cameron ML; O'Hara CM; Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Rahnella aquatilis, a rare enteric gram-negative rod which is usually found in fresh water, was isolated from the bronchial washing of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Although few clinical isolates have been reported, this is the second isolation of R. aquatilis from a human in North Carolina. A cas
Stuber ML; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA,; Neuropsychiatric Institute 90024-1759.
As of 1988, 78% of all reported pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections were secondary to maternal transmission. With blood screening and treatment of Factor 8 essentially eliminating transfusion as a vector for HIV, the issues of obstetrical and pediatric HIV infections are functionally identical. Thi
Sampson E; Dhuru VB; Clinical Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, Marquette University; School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233.
A questionnaire concerning infection control issues was sent to all North American dental schools in 1987. The results were compared with a similar survey conducted by the same authors in 1982. The purposes of the survey were to identify changes that have occurred in dental school infection control policies in the pas
Du DL; Volpe DA; Murphy MJ Jr; Hipple Cancer Research Center, Dayton, Ohio 45439-2092.
The capillary clonogenic cell assay was developed and adapted to culture myeloid and erythroid colonies from human bone marrow cells. The plating efficiencies for femoral bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-gm), erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-e) and erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-e) were 0.143
A 24 year-old woman developed severe congestive heart failure due to combined aortic and mitral valve failures associated with infectious endocarditis. She was operated on double valve replacement. At the open heart surgery, 7 units of blood were transfused. Her postoperative course was complicated with LOS and renal
Lannigan FJ; Jones NS; von Schoenberg MV; E.N.T. Department, Guy's Hospital, London.
Conjunctival innoculation is a previously unrecognized hazard for the otologist during mastoid surgery. This experiment assess the spread of droplet contamination during temporal bone dissection. The results suggest that otologists and assistants should wear eye protection during exposure of the mastoid antrum by dril
J Math Biol. 1989;27(4):373-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89361041
Castillo-Chavez C; Cooke K; Huang W; Levin SA; Biometrics Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-7801.
In this study, we investigate systematically the role played by the reproductive number (the number of secondary infections generated by an infectious individual in a population of susceptibles) on single group populations models of the spread of HIV/AIDS. Our results for a single group model show that if R less than
A 35-year-old male uremic patient developed the classical presentation of Reiter s syndrome after 3 years of regular hemodialysis. He had painful swelling of the left knee, sacroilitis, urethritis, balanitis, painless oral ulcers, acute uveitis and positive HLA-B27. Disease activity persisted and was aggravated althou
D'Agati V; Suh JI; Carbone L; Cheng JT; Appel G; Department of Pathology, Columbia University, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Clinical and pathologic findings in the kidneys of 30 consecutive acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) autopsies and in 34 consecutive renal biopsies performed on HIV infected patients at our institution between 1983 and 1987 were studied. To determine if the lesions of HIV-associated nephropathy have morphologic
Shields JW; Department of Medicine and Hematology, Santa Barbara Medical; Foundation Clinic, California.
Excepting sperm, lymphocytes are the most motile cells within and outside of the body in mammals. In the body, lymphocytes are the primary victims of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This photo-essay illustrates that migrant lymphocytes outside of the body are the primary vectors of AIDS spread.
Med Clin (Barc). 1989 Jun 3;93(1):1-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89363635
Rubio Garcia R; Yebra Bango M; Alvarez de Mon Soto M; Costa Perez-Herrero R; Espana Saz P; Torroba Alvarez L; Buzon Rueda L; Serrano Comino M; Durantez Martinez A
Nine young males with Hodgkin s disease (HD) and antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus were evaluated. They had been diagnosed since 1984 in three Madrid hospitals: Hospital 12 de Octubre, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, and Clinica Puerta de Hierro. Eight patients were intravenous heroin abusers and one was hom
McCallum LW; Dykes JN; Painter L; Gold J; Ankali Project, Albion Street (AIDS) Centre, Surry Hills, NSW.
The Ankali project has provided emotional support to about 250 persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, their partners, family members and friends. Volunteers act as a supportive friend and allow subjects the opportunity to express their feelings. The project s model easily could be adapted to meet the nee
Pezzella M; Pezzella F; Rapicetta M; Morace G; Macchi B; Sorice F; Baroni CD; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza,; Italy.
The presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was investigated using hybridization in 15 lymph nodes and one Kaposi s sarcoma skin lesion obtained from HIV-positive patients. Cryostat tissue sections were hybridized with chemically modified DNA probes for HBV and HIV. HIV genome was ma
Strauss J; Abitbol C; Zilleruelo G; Scott G; Paredes A; Malaga S; Montane B; Mitchell C; Parks W; Pardo V; Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine,; FL 33101.
Of 155 children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) whom we evaluated during a 6 1/2-year period, 12 were found to have proteinuria. Histologic studies of tissue from these 12 patients revealed a wide spectrum of renal disease: focal glomerulosclerosis in 5, mesangial hyperplasia in 5, segmental necroti
Prince DS; Peterson DD; Steiner RM; Gottlieb JE; Scott R; Israel HL; Figueroa WG; Fish JE; Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas; Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium avium complex usually occurs in patients with chronic lung disease or deficient cellular immunity, and its prevalence is increasing. We describe 21 patients (mean age, 66 years) with such infection without the usual predisposing factors, representing 18 percent of the 119 pati
Schoenbaum EE; Hartel D; Selwyn PA; Klein RS; Davenny K; Rogers M; Feiner C; Friedland G; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore; Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467.
To identify risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in intravenous drug users, we undertook a study of the seroprevalence of HIV antibody in 452 persons enrolled in a methadone-treatment program in the Bronx, New York. The seroprevalence of HIV was 39.4 percent overall, 49.1 percent in blacks, 41
Launay JM; Copel L; Callebert J; Corvaia N; Bricaire F; Laplanche JL; Saal F; Peries J; FRA Claude Bernard Neurochimie des Communications Cellulaires,; Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
This preliminary study shows, for the first time to our knowledge, decreased whole blood serotonin levels in AIDS patients as compared to healthy controls and cancer patients. The lowest serotonin levels were found in AIDS patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Finally the present data suggest an inverse relationshi
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(17):6553-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89367287
Letsinger RL; Zhang GR; Sun DK; Ikeuchi T; Sarin PS; Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL; 60208-3113.
A family of oligonucleotides and phosphorothioate oligonucleotide analogues was synthesized with a cholesteryl group tethered at the 3 -terminal internucleoside link. This modification, introduced to enhance interaction of the polyanions with cell membranes, significantly increases the antiviral activity of the oligom
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(17):6768-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89367330
Javaherian K; Langlois AJ; McDanal C; Ross KL; Eckler LI; Jellis CL; Profy AT; Rusche JR; Bolognesi DP; Putney SD; et al; Repligen Corporation, Cambridge, MA 02139.
The principal neutralizing determinant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is located in the external envelope protein, gp120, and has previously been mapped to a 24-amino acid-long sequence (denoted RP135). We show here that deletion of this sequence renders the envelope unable to elicit neutralizing antib
We have reviewed the clinical histories of 1,815 immunocompromised patients seen in La Paz Hospital over a period of 6 years, in order to study the incidence and clinical forms of tuberculosis (TB) in this group of patients. We have distributed the patients into three groups: Group A: 1,372 patients with neoplasia, Gr
Stat Med. 1989 Jul;8(7):831-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89368483
Longini IM Jr; Clark WS; Byers RH; Ward JW; Darrow WW; Lemp GF; Hethcote HW; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Emory University,; Atlanta, GA 30322.
We use a staged Markov model to estimate the distribution and mean length of the incubation period for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from a cohort of 603 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals who have been followed through various stages of infection. The model partitions the infected per
Barbaro DJ; Orcutt VL; Coldiron BM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern; Medical Center at Dallas 75235-8859.
Three patients with AIDS who were taking 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) developed cutaneous abscesses from which Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare was isolated. Culture of multiple blood samples and bone marrow aspirate from all three
South Med J. 1989 Sep;82(9):1075-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89368988
Lange WR; Dax EM; Kovacs R; Kreider SD; Frame JD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions,; Baltimore, MD 21205.
Serum specimens (n = 6,045) obtained from 3,207 Protestant missionaries serving in 57 countries, including 28 African nations, between 1967 and 1984 were assayed for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening and Western blot confirmatory testing. Sevent
South Med J. 1989 Sep;82(9):1079-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89368989
Risi GF Jr; Gaumer RH; Weeks S; Leete JK; Sanders CV; Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Medical; Center, New Orleans 70112.
To assess the risk of exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among health care workers in a southern urban setting, random screening for antibodies to HIV was undertaken. Patients who were admitted for major trauma, for medical emergencies, or in labor were screened. Of 534 sera screened, 11 (2%) were sero
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1989 Aug 20;109(23):2298-302. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89369403
Aukrust P; Hestad K
It is well documented that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can infect the central nervous system. Neurological dysfunction occurs frequently in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and most commonly in the form of a subacute HIV-encephalitis. The pathological abnormalities in patients with subacute HIV-encepha
Tumori. 1989 Jun 30;75(3):222-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89369820
Tirelli U; Vaccher E; Zagonel V; Saracchini S; Bertola G; Serraino D; Monfardini S; Carbone A; Division of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico,; Aviano, Italy.
The purpose of this report is to document and compare the presenting clinical and laboratory findings of 38 patients, all intravenous drug abusers, with pathologically documented persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL), and of 50 patients with AIDS-unrelated malignant lymphoma (30 with Hodgkin s disease and 20 wi
The authors have examined the effect of a Tr. rubrum infection on HIV reproduction in H9 cell culture. A statistically significant activation on HIV multiplication has been observed 24 hrs after cell culture infection with the fungus: the infected cells produced more viral particles than the reference cells. The numbe
Kotler DP; Tierney AR; Wang J; Pierson RN Jr; Department of Medicine, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center,; College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York; 10025.
The impact of malnutrition on survival in AIDS was evaluated by examining the magnitude of body-cell-mass depletion as a function of time from death. Body cell mass was estimated as total body-potassium content and determined by whole-body counting. There was progressive depletion of body cell mass as patients neared
Am J Med. 1989 Sep;87(3):260-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89371789
Lachaal M; Venuto RC; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo.
INTRODUCTION: Recently, the use of pentamidine has risen because of its efficacy in managing patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii infection. We undertook a retrospective analysis of the charts of 22 patients with AIDS given pentamidine when they were hospitalized over a two-
Am J Pathol. 1989 Jul;135(1):1-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89371922
Ziegler B; Gay RE; Huang GQ; Fassbender HG; Gay S; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
In formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded synovial tissues from patients with early proliferative rheumatoid arthritis (RA), immunoreactivity could be demonstrated utilizing monoclonal IgG antibodies reactive with the p19 and p24 protein of human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I). Additionally, surgical specimens of fresh unf
Ann Neurol. 1989 May;25(5):460-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89372735
Perdices M; Cooper DA; National Health and Medical Research Council Special Unit in AIDS; Epidemiology and Clinical Research, University of New South; Wales, Syndney, Australia.
The performance of 56 homosexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was compared to that of 23 HIV antibody-seronegative controls on simple (SRT) and choice (CRT) reaction time tasks. Patients were classified into 3 groups according to Centers for Disease Control clinical criteria. There were 18 pati
Harriman GR; Smith PD; Horne MK; Fox CH; Koenig S; Lack EE; Lane HC; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of; Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We have examined 11 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for evidence of subclinical vitamin B12 malabsorption. Three subjects (27%) had low levels of vitamin B12. Eight subjects (73%), including these 3 subjects plus 5 others with normal vitamin B12 levels, had abnormal Schilling test results.
Arch Sex Behav. 1989 Aug;18(4):335-48. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89373569
Siegel K; Glassman M; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Cornell University; Medical College, New York, New York.
Until an effective vaccine or treatment for AIDS is developed, the rate of spread of the epidemic will be determined primarily by the willingness of infected and at-risk individuals to refrain from behaviors implicated in the spread of the disease. Consequently, public health efforts have focused on educating these po
Fournier AM; Zeppa R; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami, School of; Medicine, FL 33101.
Routine preoperative screening for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is becoming increasingly prevalent. Reasons in favor of routine screening include the following: (1) Knowledge of HIV status may allow the surgeon to decrease risk of infection. (2) The patient may benefit, because HIV infection may alter
Bull Math Biol. 1989;51(4):467-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89375759
Sandberg S; Awerbuch TE
The probability of becoming infected with HIV is formulated in terms of the total number of sexual contacts (N), the probability that a sexual act is infectious (r) and the prevalence (p). Using the appropriate equations we studied the effect of reducing each of the risk factors on lowering the probability of infectio
King MB; Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London.
One hundred and ninety-two out-patients with HIV infection were interviewed in a standardised manner at two London hospitals. Almost all had revealed their diagnosis to others, one-quarter receiving negative reactions from confidants. Thirty-one per cent had significant psychiatric problems, almost half of whom report
A case of organic brain syndrome in a patient with AIDS is described. The implications for medical and psychiatric services are discussed and problems highlighted.
Cruickshank JK; Rudge P; Dalgleish AG; Newton M; McLean BN; Barnard RO; Kendall BE; Miller DH; Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.
Twenty-one patients with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP), all of whom were born in the Caribbean and who had migrated to the United Kingdom , are described. All had a progressive spastic paraparesis developing many years after immigration and all 19 tested had antibodies to the human
Can Med Assoc J. 1989 Sep 15;141(6):537-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89376248
Johnson RJ; Montano BL; Wallace EM; University of Toronto, Ont.
The completeness of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) case reporting in Ontario was assessed by reviewing all AIDS death certificates compiled by the Registrar General between Jan. 1, 1985, and Dec. 31, 1987. Several demographic variables were used to match death certificates with cases reported to the provin
Cas Lek Cesk. 1989 May 26;128(22):676-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89376445
Syrucek L; Bruckova M
The authors emphasize the present importance of AIDS in children and explain the causes of the rising trend of this syndrome in the child population. They summarize the most important epidemiological characteristics of AIDS in children, its pathogenetic differences and the ensuing clinical symptoms. Attention is drawn
Willoughby A; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Several facts concerning the distribution of AIDS in U.S. female populations are clear. This disease has made significant inroads, in a quantitative sense, into the female segment of our society as documented by AIDS surveillance data, information on pregnant women and parturients, and by screening data from the milit
Soffer D; Zirkin H; Alkan M; Berginer VM; Department of Pathology, Hadassah University Hospital,; Beer-Sheva, Israel.
A 40-year-old male, with established AIDS developed cachexia and dementia . At autopsy opportunistic infections were found. An additional neuropathological finding was Wernicke s encephalopathy. Although malnutrition is common in AIDS patients, it seems that Wernicke s encephalopath
Kaljot KT; Ling JP; Gold JW; Laughon BE; Bartlett JG; Kotler DP; Oshiro LS; Greenberg HB; Division of Gastroenterology, Stanford University School of; Medicine, California.
Diarrhea due to enteric pathogens is an important complication of advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. Whereas numerous bacterial and parasitic agents have been implicated, the role of pathogenic enteric viruses is less clear. Stools from 153 human immunodeficiency virus seropositive men were tested by ele
Health Soc Work. 1989 Aug;14(3):176-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89378901
Wilson PA; Wasserman K; School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
The findings of a state-wide needs assessment of people with bleeding disorders at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are reported. The effects of the threat of HIV exposure on the psychosocial functioning of respondents is assessed. A total of 394 of 796 (49 percent) persons aged 14 years and older
Rajs J; Karlsson T; Eklund B; Bergendahl K; Department of Forensic Medicine, Karolinska Institutet,; Stockholm, Sweden.
During a 3-year period (August 1st, 1985 to July 31st, 1988) a systematic investigation of medico-legal autopsy cases with regard to the presence of antibodies for HIV-virus was carried out at the Department of Forensic Medicine in Stockholm, Sweden . Prior to autopsy, blood samples
Kringsholm B; Theilade P; Geertinger P; University Institute of Forensic Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark.
In 1987 a total of 89 intravenous drug addicts were admitted to medico-legal autopsy at the University Institute of Forensic Medicine in Copenhagen. Totally 10 cases were reactive by the Elisa test and five of these, or 7% of the total material tested, could be confirmed by the immuno-blotting test. The other five cas
Kida M; Abramowsky CR; Santoscoy C; Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University,; Cleveland, OH 44106.
Multiple microscopic colonies of encapsulated budding yeasts morphologically consistent with Cryptococcus sp were found in the maternal (intervillous) space of the placenta from a woman with AIDS. The patient contracted acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from her affected husband, who had died of the disease 3 years p
Immunol Lett. 1989 Aug;22(2):83-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89379276
Hoffmann GW; Tufaro F; Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver,; Canada.
We define experimentally measurable similarity coefficients S[A,B/C] that specify the extent to which a pair of substances, A and B, are similar in the context of a diverse reagent, C, which can be a non-immune serum. We describe how this definition can be applied to mixtures of antibodies, for example the antibodies
Andrada-Serpa MJ; Tosswill J; Schor D; Linhares D; Dobbin J; Pereira MS; Basic Research Center, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro,; Brazil.
The prevalence of antibodies to HTLV-I and HIV-I in Brazil was determined by testing sera from: (a) 119 members of an isolated Amazonian community of African origin; (b) 100 voluntary blood donors in Rio de Janeiro; (c) 215 patients treated at the Hematology Service, National Cance
Maloney EM; Ramirez H; Levin A; Blattner WA; Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
To evaluate altitude of birthplace and residence as factors associated with geographic clustering of HTLV-I infection in Colombia , we sampled a total of 670 current residents of the South Pacific coastal lowland and of upland region
Rosenbaum GS; Klein NC; Cunha BA; Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital,; Mineola, NY 11501.
Generalized tonic-clonic seizures in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus have usually occurred in the setting of space-occupying lesions in the brain. Seizures have also been known to occur in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related dementia . Two
Gonzalez AH; Berlin OG; Bruckner DA; Department of Pathology, UCLA Medical Center 90024.
The efficacy of dapsone against Mycobacterium avium, M. intracellulare, M. kansasii, M. fortuitum and M. tuberculosis was determined by disc elution in agar. The minimal inhibitory concentration at which 90% of the colony forming units were inhibited (90MIC) by dapsone was 8 mg/l for M. avium, M. intracellulare and M.
Clayton AJ; Federal Centre for AIDS, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Since the first case of AIDS was diagnosed in 1982, there have been over 2,300 cases, as of February 1989, in Canada . The epidemiological pattern of the cases in Canada follows that of the United States with the exception of intravenous drug users.
J Chromatogr. 1989 Aug 4;476:257-68. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89380650
Jungbauer A; Tauer C; Reiter M; Purtscher M; Wenisch E; Steindl F; Buchacher A; Katinger H; University of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Applied; Microbiology, Vienna, Austria.
Protein A Superose, protein G Sepharose fast flow and copolymerized hydroxyapatite were used for the purification of human monoclonal antibodies against HIV 1. Both desalted culture supernatant and a prepurified protein solution were used as starting materials. The different runs were compared with respect to yield an
Wehn SM; Heinz ER; Burger PC; Boyko OB; Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
We present two patients with AIDS complicated by cryptococcal meningitis who displayed focal hypodense nonenhancing lesions in CT in the basal ganglia with corresponding areas of increased T2 and decreased T1 signal on magnetic resonance (MR). These lesions corresponded precisely to the distribution of the perforating
This study surveyed 975 undergraduates attending a large East Coast university during the spring semester of the 1987/88 academic year. A convenience sample of predominantly black students (94%) participated. Overall, knowledge of basic AIDS-related facts was satisfactory. Raw scores on the 25-item knowledge scale ran
In-depth, qualitative discussion using the nominal group technique examined freshmen s perceived susceptibility to AIDS and barriers to prevention. Groups were led by dormitory resident advisors as a follow-up to a survey questionnaire of college students knowledge and beliefs about AIDS. Students comments showed th
Mittman RJ; Bernstein DI; Steinberg DR; Enrione M; Bernstein IL; Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center,; Ohio 45267.
A 30-year-old black albino woman was first observed with a 4-year history of monthly urticarial episodes associated with hypereosinophilia. Hives consistently began at the end of menses and lasted for 1 to 2 weeks. A comprehensive evaluation excluded underlying malignancy and infection. There was no evidence of extrac
Reisman RE; Livingston A; Buffalo General Hospital, Department of Medicine, State; University of New York 14203.
Allergic reactions after insect stings may have a delayed onset, differing from the usual immediate anaphylactic pattern. Ten patients, aged 6 to 78 years, had allergic reactions 1 to 2 weeks after an insect sting. Six patients had had multiple stings preceding the reaction. In two instances, immediate anaphylaxis als
Wenisch E; Jungbauer A; Tauer C; Reiter M; Gruber G; Steindl F; Katinger H; Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture and; Forestry, Vienna, Austria.
A method for preparative isolation of human monoclonal antibody isoproteins is described in the present paper. A human monoclonal antibody directed against the transmembrane protein gp 41 from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) was used in this study. The antibody belongs to the IgG1 subtype and exhibits antibod
1. With the awareness that the population of older adults with whom nurses and other health-care workers come in contact may indeed be HIV infected, the need for universal precautions becomes imperative in all health-care settings. 2. The subpopulations of older adults in which HIV infection is most likely to be conce
Moatti JP; Dab W; Bastide S; Henrion R; Papiernik E; INSERM, Unite de Recherche n. 240, Clamart.
Current debate about screening strategies for HIV during pregnancy is not limited to clinical and epidemiologic arguments; ethical and social concerns about the risk of stigmatization against HIV carriers are also taken into account. Therefore, data on public perception of AIDS and attitudes toward preventive measures
This article uses interview data to explore how 23 gay and bisexual men who had AIDS were affected by and managed uncertainty. Before diagnosis these individuals had to find ways to cope with uncertainty about their risk of contracting AIDS and about their initial symptoms. After diagnosis they had to find answers to
Ando Y; Saito K; Nakano S; Kakimoto K; Furuki K; Tanigawa T; Hashimoto H; Moriyama I; Ichijo M; Toyama T; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nara Medical; University, Japan.
Breast-feeding is a major factor in the vertical transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). We studied whether such transmission may be prevented by bottle-feeding. HTLV-I infection was detected by both HTLV-I antigen and antibody tests. Thirty bottle-fed babies were examined 24 months after birth; on
J Ky Med Assoc. 1989 Aug;87(8):368-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89381590
Feldmann TB
AIDS patients and others with HIV infections experience a variety of psychosocial stresses. These stresses lead to many situational reactions and adjustment problems. Psychotherapy can be of great benefit in helping AIDS patients to deal with these difficulties. Eight essential content areas are presented that should
J Med Virol. 1989 Aug;28(4):209-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89381710
Pezzella M; Mannella E; Mirolo M; Vonesch N; Macchi B; Rosci MA; Miceli M; Morace G; Rapicetta M; Angeloni P; et al; Institute Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza,; Italy.
We have investigated the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by using in situ hybridization on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from seronegative regular sexual partners of HIV-infected subjects. The cells were hybridized with a 9 kilobase (kb) Sstl-Sstl lambda BH 10 probe, which was able to r
J Med Virol. 1989 Aug;28(4):215-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89381711
Chung DC; Ko YC; Chen CJ; Chen ER; Wu CC; Wu PS; Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical College, Republic of; China.
A total of 390 parenteral drug abusers (PDAs) at the Kaohsiung Municipal Narcotics Abstention Institute were examined for markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). All sera were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), surface antibody (anti-HBs), and c
J Community Health Nurs. 1989;6(3):155-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89381758
Beaman ML; Strader MK
Patients (N = 71) from a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in an urban setting were surveyed to determine their knowledge about acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and attitudes toward condom use. Overall knowledge scores were high with a mean score of 22 on the 28-item true-false questionnaire. No stat
Jonas MM; Roldan EO; Lyons HJ; Fojaco RM; Reddy RK; Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine,; Florida 33101.
Autopsy and liver biopsy specimens from 30 pediatric patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) were retrospectively reviewed. Of 28 cases with histologic abnormalities, the following findings were noted singly or in combination: giant-cell transformation,
Miller CJ; Alexander NJ; Sutjipto S; Lackner AA; Gettie A; Hendrickx AG; Lowenstine LJ; Jennings M; Marx PA; California Primate Research Center, University of California,; Davis 95616.
An animal model for the heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was developed by the application of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) onto the genital mucosas of both mature and immature, male and female rhesus macaques. Virus preparations were infused into the vaginal vaults or the urethras
Chakrabarti L; Emerman M; Tiollais P; Sonigo P; Unite de Recombinaison et Expression Genetique (INSERM U163 and; CNRS UA271, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
A striking characteristic of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is the presence of a nonsense mutation in the env gene resulting in the synthesis of a truncated transmembrane protein lacking the cytoplasmic domain. By mutagenesis of an infectious molecular cl
Dupont JR; Bonavita JA; DiGiovanni RJ; Spector HB; Nelson SC; Department of Surgery, Crozer Chester Medical Center PA 19103.
The case of a 64-year-old white man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm infected with Salmonella is presented. Five points related to this case are addressed. It is feared that the vascular surgeon may face patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and abdominal aortic
JAMA. 1989 Oct 13;262(14):1969-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89382870
Gerbert B; Maguire BT; Hulley SB; Coates TJ; Division of Behavioral Sciences, School of Dentistry, University; of California, San Francisco 94143-0754.
Are patients concerned about going to a physician who is infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or one who is treating HIV-infected patients? To answer these questions, we surveyed a nationwide sample of 2000 interviews (response rate, 75%). Forty-five percent of all respondents believed that physicians who
Med Lab Sci. 1989 Jan;46(1):86-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89383948
Rawlinson J; Howell DR; Barbara JA
A method has been devised to transfer small volumes of serum, as an adjunct to larger volume sampling, into microplates. The Costar Transplate 96 machine is used routinely in our laboratory for transferring serum samples into reaction wells for anti-HIV screening. Using this additional method a mean of 4 microliters o
Mo Med. 1989 Sep;86(9):625-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89384354
Powderly WG
Primary care physicians are likely to see HIV-infected individuals well before they develop full-blown AIDS or even AIDS-related complex. The author presents an overview of the symptoms that may appear in so-called asymptomatic patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Sanchez-Ramos JR; Factor SA; Weiner WJ; Marquez J; Department of Neurology, University of Miami, FL 33136.
A young woman had hemichorea-hemiballismus subsequently found to be secondary to a cerebral toxoplasmosis infection complicating human immunodeficiency virus infection. This patient had the sixth reported case of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with hemichorea-hemiballismus, and each has been secondary to c
N Engl J Med. 1989 Oct 5;321(14):941-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89384800
Cumming PD; Wallace EL; Schorr JB; Dodd RY; Blood Services, National Headquarters, American Red Cross,; Washington, D.C.
The risk of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus to recipients of blood transfusions exists chiefly during the period between the time a donor is infected and the time he or she has a positive blood test for HIV antibodies. Estimating the chance that blood will be donated during this period is an effective
N Engl J Med. 1989 Oct 5;321(14):947-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89384801
Ward JW; Bush TJ; Perkins HA; Lieb LE; Allen JR; Goldfinger D; Samson SM; Pepkowitz SH; Fernando LP; Holland PV; et al; AIDS Program, Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a result of blood transfusions are unique in that their dates of infection are well defined and their medical conditions before infection are known. To characterize the natural history of transfusion-associated HIV infection, we studied 694 recipients of b
Nord Med. 1989;104(8-9):232-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89385970
Lomholt G
Syphilis with its many manifestations on the skin in the secondary and tertiary stages of the disease has formed the basis of the traditional connection between dermatology and venereology. During recent years venereology has expanded to involve all sexually transmitted diseases. This development might raise the quest
Perl A; Rosenblatt JD; Chen IS; DiVincenzo JP; Bever R; Poiesz BJ; Abraham GN; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of; Medicine, NY 14642.
Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) type I-related endogenous sequences (HRES) have been cloned from a human genomic library. HRES-1/1 is present in DNA of all normal donors examined. By nucleotide sequence analysis, HRES-1/1 contains two potential open reading frames capable of encoding a p25 and a p15. A 684 bp flank
More and more nurses are caring for individuals with AIDS-spectrum disorders. When nurses become involved in hospital-based AIDS treatment, major psychosocial issues can arise. In settings where nursing personnel have limited or no experience working with patients with AIDS, fear of contagion is a major issue. This fe
Public Health Nurs. 1989 Jun;6(2):62-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89386469
Strader MK; Beaman ML
College students were surveyed to determine their knowledge about AIDS and attitudes toward condom use. Overall scores were high, with a mean of 22.5 on the 28-item true-false questionnaire. Of the 81 percent of respondents who indicated they were presently or had been sexually active, only 40 percent reported using c
Four chemical preservatives commonly used in ophthalmic solutions were tested for their toxic and mutagenic potential in mouse lymphoma cells with and without exposure of the cells to ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation. The preservatives tested were benzalkonium chloride (BAK), chlorhexidine, thimerosal and ethylenediamine
Support for a woman heterosexual AIDS victim was examined among 237 university students, 54% female and 54% upper division, with a mean age of 23.7 yr. A questionnaire containing one of four scenarios (AIDS resulting from unsafe sex, unsafe drug use, sex with an unfaithful husband, or a blood transfusion) measured sup
Rosenberg ZS; Norman A; Solomon G; Department of Radiology, Hospital for Joint Diseases Orthopaedic; Institute, New York, NY 10003.
Radiographs of symptomatic joints were retrospectively evaluated in 24 patients with inflammatory arthritis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Clinically, 20 patients had a seronegative arthritis including Reiter syndrome (54%), psoriatic arthritis (17%), and undifferentiated forms of spondyloarthropath
Kuhlman JE; Knowles MC; Fishman EK; Siegelman SS; Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological; Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205.
The computed tomographic (CT) scans of 55 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reviewed for evidence of pulmonary bullous damage. Although the average age of patients in this series was only 37 years, 42% (23 of 55) had CT evidence of pulmonary bullous changes. In contrast, the frequency of
Sigusch pleads for removing AIDS education from the jurisdiction of the state. He reasons that as caretaker of citizens sexual lives the state cannot avoid consolidating their status as its subjects.
The authors warn against a trivialization of the AIDS problem and against the call for state control. Since sexuality is ultimately uncontrollable, they plead instead for the greater clarification of the conflicts which those who are infected with HIV and those who are not infected experience in dealing with each othe
Proceeding from experiences she made in the treatment of AIDS and pre-AIDS patients the author describes the psychodynamics of their situation and subsequently discusses the specific problems of transference and countertransference reactions. She also suggests the possible coincidence of social and personal fear of co
The initial results of a German-Swedish research project demonstrate the at times active-resistant and at times passive-resigned approaches of AIDS patients toward their illness.
Rabbits experimentally infected with HTLV-I and HIV-1 produced antibody to various viral proteins, and viral DNA could be detected by gene amplification using the polymerase chain reaction. HTLV-I genes were detected in cell lines derived from infected rabbits, and in some cases, both HIV-1 and HTLV-I DNA sequences we
Marin-Lopez A; Lobato-Mendizabal E; Alvarez-Suarez Y
The risk groups for AIDS have been defined and include homosexuals, bisexuals, polytransfused patients, drug addicts, sexual partners of any of the above groups and sons of infected fathers. We have previously proposed that paid donors should be considered also as high risk individuals. We report here a family in whic
Salinas Carmona MC; Flores de Castaneda MS; Garza Elizondo MA; Perez Rivera LI
One hundred forty human sera distributed in 2 groups were analyzed. In group I, 50 serum samples from healthy individuals that did not belong to the high-risk acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) population were included. In group II, there were 90 individuals, most of whom were apparently healthy but were at hi
Lobato-Mendizabal E; Alvarez-Suarez Y; Marin-Lopez A; Ruiz-Arguelles GJ; Galindo-Rodriguez C
The salient clinical and epidemiological features of the first cases of AIDS diagnosed in the city of Puebla, Mexico , are reviewed. Puebla has 2 million inhabitants and 37 cases of AIDS have been diagnosed since 1984. Thirty-two percent of patients acquired AIDS by blood transfusio
Carini C; Perricone R; Fratazzi C; Fontana L; De Carolis C; D'Amelio R; Sirianni MC; Aiuti F; Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of; Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
The complement system was examined in a group of eight patients (six with lymphoadenopathy syndrome (LAS); two with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complex (ARC], who were found to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive, for the presence of specific HIV-anti-HIV complexes. A significant impai
S Afr Med J. 1989 Sep 16;76(6):245-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89388524
Shapiro M; Crookes RL; O'Sullivan E; South African Blood Transfusion Service, Johannesburg.
Blood samples submitted for routine antenatal testing from 104,683 pregnant women resident in the southern Transvaal were screened for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during an 18-month period--1 May 1987 - 31 October 1988. All blood samples were initially screened by a modified enzyme-linked immu
S Afr Med J. 1989 Sep 16;76(6):272-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89388533
Chaudhari AB; Singh A; Jindal S; Poon TP; Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Southeast Missouri,; Cape Girardeau.
A patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented to hospital with a haemorrhagic cerebral lesion. The lesion was biopsied and electron microscopy confirmed a diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Although known in congenital cases, haemorrhagic infarction is unknown in adults suffering from cerebral toxopl
Mori K; Sakai H; Suzuki S; Sugai K; Akutsu Y; Ishikawa M; Seino Y; Ishida N; Uchida T; Kariyone S; et al; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School; of Medicine.
Glycyrrhizin (GL) not only has an inhibitory effect on HIV replication but also exhibits interferon-inducing and natural killer (NK)-enhancing effects and improves liver dysfunction. Thus, large doses of GL (200-800 mg/day) were intravenously administered for more than 8 weeks to 9 hemophilia A patients with HIV infec
Ugeskr Laeger. 1989 Jun 26;151(26):1668-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89389103
Olsen OR; Skinhoj P; Krogsgaard K; Baek L
Sera from 1,893 persons from the Sisimiut medical district in West Greenland were examined for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers and 11.5% were found to be HBsAg-positive. HBeAg and HBV-DNA were found in 6.9% and 5%, respectively of t
Bottzauw J; Hermansen K; Tauris P; Hansen LM; Norgard B; Hansen JB; Jorgensen P; Olsen J; Black FT
A questionnaire investigation among 430 homosexual persons all of whom were members of an organization for homosexuals was completed by 144 (33%). These replies showed that they knew about HIV infection, risk behaviour and safe sex. Their knowledge about the signs of HIV infection and AIDS was, however, more limited.
Bottzauw J; Hermansen K; Tauris P; Hansen LM; Norgard B; Hansen JB; Jorgensen P; Olsen J; Black FT
A questionnaire investigation to which 144 homosexual persons replied anonomously revealed alterations in the sexual habits after information about AIDS. Significant reduction in the annual number of partners and significantly fewer employ the more dangerous sexual practices which now occur particularly in more perman
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1989;252:181-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89390165
van der Reijden HJ; Schipper ME; Danner SA; Arisz L; Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center,; University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
AIDS-associated nephropathy (AAN) causing acute renal failure has been described in patients with AIDS. It is characterized by massive proteinuria and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. From 1982 until 1987, 177 patients with AIDS were seen in our center. Most of them were homosexual or bisexual men. One patient was
Madinger NE; Greenspoon JS; Ellrodt AG; Department of Internal Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los; Angeles, CA.
The maternal death rate and rate of preterm delivery associated with pneumonia during pregnancy have not decreased since the introduction of antibiotics four decades ago. We retrospectively reviewed 25 cases of pneumonia during pregnancy; these cases occurred among 32,179 deliveries. Medical complications included: ba
Little BB; Bawdon RE; Christmas JT; Sobhi S; Gilstrap LC 3d; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas; Southwestern Medical Center Dallas 75235-9032.
Azidothymidine (Zidovudine) is used to treat symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection. It has the ability to reverse seropositivity as well as decrease serum viral titers, and perhaps decrease potential for transmission of the virus. An animal model (pregnant Long-Evans rats) was used to investigate the pote
Am J Psychiatry. 1989 Oct;146(10):1285-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89390734
Baer JW; Department of Psychiatry, San Francisco General Hospital.
Sixty patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex were treated on a locked inpatient psychiatric unit over a 30-month period. The wide range of mental disorders exhibited by these patients, key aspects of patient management, and the difficulty in psychiatric differential diagnosis
Am J Public Health. 1989 Oct;79(10):1355-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89390775
van den Hoek JA; van Haastrecht HJ; Coutinho RA; Municipal Health Service, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
We evaluated the impact of a needle/syringe exchange program among 263 drug users in the period December 1985 to April 1988. Participants in this study were asked about their risk-behavior at three different visits. We found no increase in the proportion injecting drugs or in the frequency of intravenous drug use. A s
Am J Public Health. 1989 Oct;79(10):1358-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89390776
Selwyn PA; Hartel D; Wasserman W; Drucker E; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore; Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
To examine the impact of the AIDS epidemic on morbidity and mortality in a defined population of intravenous drug users, we analyzed overall and cause-specific death rates, AIDS incidence, and acute medical hospitalizations among patients in a long-term methadone maintenance program in New York City for the years 1984
Am J Public Health. 1989 Oct;79(10):1425-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89390795
Turner SB; Kunches LM; Gordon KF; Travers PH; Mueller NE; Division of Community Health Services, Boston Department of; Health and Hospitals, MA.
We performed a serosurvey of 133 embalmers in an urban area where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is prevalent. Although we found histories of needlesticks to be common, and the seropositivity rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) (13%) was approximately twice that of a blood donor comparison group, HIV antibod
Kaufman FR; Gomperts ED; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Childrens Hospital of; Los Angeles, University of Southern California School of Medicine; 90027.
The growth of 22 boys with hemophilia, infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and lymphadenopathy, but not overt acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was evaluated. Three patients were found to have significant growth failure for 3-4 years with the onset after HIV infection. Extensive endocrine evalua
Mok JY; Hague RA; Yap PL; Hargreaves FD; Inglis JM; Whitelaw JM; Steel CM; Eden OB; Rebus S; Peutherer JF; et al; Infectious Diseases Unit, City Hospital, Edinburgh.
Forty nine infants of HIV seropositive women were followed up for a median of 24 months, together with 24 controls. The infection status of 11 index children under 18 months of age was indeterminate; 34 were presumed uninfected while four showed clinical and laboratory evidence of HIV disease. Based on current definit
Hague RA; Yap PL; Mok JY; Eden OB; Coutts NA; Watson JG; Hargreaves FD; Whitelaw JM; Edinburgh and South East Scotland Blood Transfusion Service.
Eight children with symptoms of HIV infection were treated for 12-26 months (median 14 months) with infusions of intravenous immunoglobulin (200 mg/kg) every three weeks. Significant improvement was noted in all children in terms of weight gain, number of infectious episodes, and days spent in hospital. This resulted
Tricoire J; Robert A; Berrebi A; Puel J; Rolland M; Gayet-Mengelle C; Herne P; Rousseau A; Regnier C; Services de Medecine Infantile B, CHU Purpan, Toulouse.
We report our experience with vertically transmitted HIV infection in infants. Fifty-five children were prospectively followed for a period of 3 years. The neonatal diagnosis of HIV infection is not always possible and doubts about contamination may create familial anxiety which requires support by a multidisciplinary
Holten-Andersen W; Kolmos HJ; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hvidovre Hospital,; Copenhagen, Denmark.
Seventy-seven bronchoalveolar lavages from human immunosuppressive virus infected patients with pulmonary symptoms were examined routinely for the presence of Pneumocystis carinii, using Giemsa stain to detect trophozoites and methenamine silver nitrate to detect cysts. Thirty-seven samples were found positive with bo
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):431-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89352110
Gallaher WR; Ball JM; Garry RF; Griffin MC; Montelaro RC; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology,; Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112.
A hypothetical model of the transmembrane (TM) protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is proposed that is derived from the known structure of the influenza TM protein HA2. This model is consistent with computer algorithms of predicted protein structure and with known properties of TM proteins determined by sequ
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):441-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89352111
Lee SJ; Hu W; Fisher AG; Looney DJ; Kao VF; Mitsuya H; Ratner L; Wong-Staal F; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
The transmembrane glycoprotein (gp41) of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) has a long cytoplasmic domain of unknown functional significance. To investigate the role of the carboxy-terminal (C-terminal) portion of the HIV-1 envelope protein in viral replication, infectivity, and cytopathogenicity, we examined
Kuriyama K; Gale RP; Tomonaga M; Ikeda S; Yao E; Klisak I; Whelan K; Yakir H; Ichimaru M; Sparkes RS; et al; Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine,; Japan.
Most data suggest that malignant transformation in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) occurs in hematopoietic stem cell that is the progenitor of myelopoiesis and of B but not T lymphopoiesis. We established a T-lymphoid cell line (CML-T1) from a person with Ph-chromosome-negative CML in acute phase. Evidence of its T
Wasser LS; Brown E; Talavera W; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New; York City 10021.
The most frequent radiographic presentation of (PCP) is bilateral interstitial or alveolar infiltrates. Atypical features include lobar distribution, pleural effusions, hilar adenopathy, cyst formation and spontaneous pneumothorax. A diffuse miliary pattern has not been described previously for PCP. A 30-year-old male
Green JE; Hinrichs SH; Vogel J; Jay G; Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Human T-cell leukaemia virus 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus aetiologically associated with adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL), tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and possibly multiple sclerosis (MS) in humans. Three founder lines of transgenic mice containing the HTLV-1 tax gene under the control of the viral long terminal repe
Franceschi S; Serraino D; Saracchini S; Vaccher E; Tirelli U; Epidemiology Unit, Aviano Cancer Center, Italy.
Prevalence and determinants of HIV infection were assessed in 127 homosexual and bisexual men in the northeastern part of Italy . The overall prevalence of HIV seropositivity was still rather low: 20% (95% confidence interval -CI- 13-27%). The most important risk factor for acquiring
Miller RF; Millar AB; Weller IV; Semple SJ; Department of Medicine, University College and Middlesex School; of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London.
An empirical approach to treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was adopted in a prospective study of 73 men with antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) presenting with respiratory problems. At presentation 49 patients (group 1) were thought to have a history, findings at clinical examination, chest rad
Miller RF; Godfrey-Faussett P; Semple SJ; Department of Medicine, University College and Middlesex School; of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London.
Nebulised pentamidine was used to treat 30 patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Fourteen patients (group 1) received pentamidine isethionate 4 mg/kg (six patients) or 8 mg/kg (eight patients) via a standard jet nebuliser (Acorn, system 22) with a flow rate of 8 l/min. The aerosol droplets had a mass median ae
Bradburne RM; Ettensohn DB; Opal SM; McCool FD; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Memorial Hospital of Rhode; Island, Pawtucket 02860.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage of the upper lobes in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) receiving aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis. Serendipitous availability of a normal premorbid lung gallium scan indicated that pneumocystosis had developed during aero
The rapid spread of HIV infection among intravenous drug abusers plays an increasing role in the AIDS epidemic. In this context the Austrian government changed politics and introduced a methadone maintenance program 1987, to reach more intravenous drug addicts and to stop intravenous drug abuse of this clients. 119 in
Ann Intern Med. 1989 Oct 1;111(7):555-60. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89372496
Murphy EL; Figueroa JP; Gibbs WN; Brathwaite A; Holding-Cobham M; Waters D; Cranston B; Hanchard B; Blattner WA; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To study the seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in a sexually active population and to determine sexual behavior risk factors for infection. DESIGN: Cross-sectional seroprevalence study using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Risk-factor data were ga
Beverley PC; Healey D; Broadhurst K; Sattentau QJ; ICRF Human Tumour Immunology Group, University College, London,; UK.
Attempts to raise protective immunity to HIV have been notably ineffective. However the conservation of binding of different virus strains to CD4 suggests that the HIV envelope glycoprotein (gp120) should have a conserved site for CD4. Attempts to raise neutralizing anti-idiotypes to CD4 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs)
Glasgow has an intravenous drug using (IVDU) population which is probably larger but hitherto less infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) than IVDUs elsewhere in Scotland. This 1988 study of 50 Glasgow IVDUs reports disturbingly high rates of sharing injecting equipment, and points to imprisonment as a p
DiCarlo FJ; Anderson DW; Virmani R; Burns W; Macher AM; Rotiguez J; Petitto S; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Veterans Administration; Medical Center, East Orange, NJ.
Acute rheumatic heart disease (RHD) with Aschoff nodules and biventricular dilation was diagnosed at autopsy in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who died of pneumonia due to Pneumocystis carinii. The relationship of acute RHD and human immunodeficiency virus-associated immune deficiency is discussed.
The human retroviruses HTLV-I and HIV-I have previously been shown not to be lysed by human serum. An interaction between HIV and the complement system, however, has not been investigated in any detail. In this report we show that purified HIV as well as HIV-infected cells activate the complement system. In the case o
Reddy MM; Grieco MH; R. A. Cooke Institute of Allergy, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital; Center, New York, New York 10019.
Levels of neopterin and alpha and beta interleukin-1 (IL-1) in sera of normal controls, asymptomatic intravenous drug abusers, homosexuals, and patients with lymphadenopathy or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were measured. Neopterin levels were elevated in the sera of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegativ
Schols D; Pauwels R; Baba M; Desmyter J; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
We have developed a flow cytometric method for demonstrating cell fusion between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)- or HIV-2-infected HUT-78 cells and uninfected CD4-bearing MOLT-4 cells. Syncytium formation due to an interaction between the gp120 glycoprotein expressed on HIV-infected HUT-78 cells and the C
DeGruttola V; Seage GR 3d; Mayer KH; Horsburgh CR Jr; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health,; Boston, MA 02115.
To estimate the risk of transmission of HIV per receptive anal sexual contact, 329 homosexually-active men, representing 155 sexual partnerships, were enrolled into a study. Information on HIV infection status and sexual behavior within and outside the primary relationship was collected. Of these 329 men, 24 had AIDS
Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1989 Jun;5(6):345-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89382738
Tsai MS; Tsai JH; Liu HW; Chen TP; Chien CH; Liu WJ; Hwang JJ; Wang ZH
A 28 year-old homosexual man had one month history of intermittent high fever, nonproductive cough and progressive shortness of breath. He not only had immunity deficits, with decrease CD4 cells decreased CD8 cells and inverted CD4/CD8 ratio, but also presented with evidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection (
Merrill JE; Koyanagi Y; Chen IS; Department of Neurology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los; Angeles, California.
Cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) are important in normal immune processes. In this study, we demonstrate that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virions induce normal peripheral blood mononuclear phagocytes to produce both IL-1 and TNF within a few hours after
As many as 132 children with verified virus hepatitis were examined. Cortisol content in blood serum was measured and the parameters of cellular-humoral immunity were determined over time in the acute period and in the catamnesis up to 1 year. In the cyclic self-limiting forms of hepatitis B, the children developed im
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):7139-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89386695
Nara PL; Hwang KM; Rausch DM; Lifson JD; Eiden LE; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, MD 21701.
Benzylated derivatives of peptides corresponding to residues 81 through 92 of the CD4 molecule [CD4-(81-92)] inhibit human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)-induced cell fusion and infection in vitro. If such peptides are to be considered as candidates in the therapy of HIV infection, it is crucial to know if the anti-
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):7200-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89386708
Schwartz S; Felber BK; Fenyo EM; Pavlakis GN; Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Karolinska Institute,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from various patients were divided into two major groups, rapid/high and slow/low, according to their replication properties in vitro. Rapid/high isolates grow well in cell lines and induce the formation of syncytia in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In contrast
Gurney JW; Bates FT; Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,; Omaha 68105.
A rare pulmonary manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or intravenous (IV) drug abuse is upper lobe cystic disease--pneumatoceles in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and bullous emphysema in IV drug abuse. Because these disorders overlap, the radiographic findings in 56 patients were compared. Du
Sandhu JS; Goodman PC; Department of Radiology, San Francisco General Hospital, CA; 94110.
A diffuse, bilateral interstitial infiltrate is the most common radiographic finding in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, atypical roentgenographic patterns also exist. Chest radiographs of 100 consecutive AIDS patients with PCP were retrospec
Science. 1989 Oct 6;246(4926):118-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89388278
Takahashi H; Merli S; Putney SD; Houghten R; Moss B; Germain RN; Berzofsky JA; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
For the IIIB isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), the immunodominant determinant of the envelope protein gp160 for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) of H-2d mice is in a region of high sequence variability among HIV-1 isolates. The general requirements for CTL recognition of peptide antigens and the re
Am J Pathol. 1989 Sep;135(3):439-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89390551
Su IJ; Kadin ME; Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital,; Taipei, Republic of China.
This study was undertaken to explain the molecular basis for the diverse pathology and clinical behavior of postthymic T cell malignancies. Total cellular RNAs were extracted from four HTLV-1 positive and ten HTLV-1-negative T cell lymphomas and cell lines, and investigated for homology with cloned DNA probes specific
Kozuru M; Uike N; Takeichi N; Nakagawa S; Takahira H; Shibata K; Sato H; Department of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Kyushu Cancer; Center, Fukuoka, Japan.
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) was measured using 51Cr-labelled ATL derived cell lines as the target, peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNCs) from disease-free persons as the effector cells and heat-inactivated serum from patients with ATL or the IgG purified from this. The release of 51Cr was not usuall
Allworth AM; Kemp RJ; Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Qld.
A case of acute encephalopathy, which apparently was caused by the human immunodeficiency virus and occurred late in the course of this infection yet before any opportunistic infections occurred, is presented. The encephalopathy was considered to be responsive to zidovudine and dexamethasone; this therapy resulted in
Todd J; Royal Air Force Hospital, Wegberg, West Germany.
Five patients are described, whose common fear of contracting, or a belief of having contracted, AIDS is the presenting feature. There is a need for liaison with psychiatrists in the provision of counselling services for AIDS patients.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):411-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89352108
Komiyama N; Hattori N; Inoue J; Sakuma S; Kurimura T; Yoshida M; Cancer Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
A DNA clone of HIV-1, JH3, was isolated from a Japanese patient with hemophilia and the gag and env genes were sequenced. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were similar to those reported and showed high divergence in the env gene, particularly in the extracellular domain of the env. The genetic variation
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has become a major problem in women and children in European countries. The most frequent cause of contamination is intravenous drug abuse but heterosexual transmission appears to be more and more frequent. If the mother is seropositive, the proportion of contaminated infants is abou
Harry DJ; Jennings MB; Yee J; Carlson JR; Department of Medical Pathology, School of Medicine, University; of California, Davis 95616.
The recent development of enzyme immunoassay procedures for the direct determination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens has been of significant benefit in both clinical and research applications. The historical development of HIV antigen assays as well as their current and future applications for use in th
Hobbs ER; Department of Dermatology, Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center,; Lackland AFB, Texas.
Although rapid population growth in the Southwestern United States and travel to and through the area are increasing the potential for exposure to Coccidioides immitis, prevalence rates have declined in some endemic areas, probably because of environmental factors. With the iatrogenic
Hernandez AD; Sarasota Memorial Hospital, Florida.
Cutaneous cryptococcosis occurs in 10 to 15% of patients with cryptococcosis. Because the cutaneous crytpococcosis may precede clinical signs of central nervous system disease, early recognition may lead to more successful outcomes. This article reviews the mycology, epidemiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, a
Knobler RM; Department of Dermatology II, University of Vienna School of; Medicine, Austria.
Knowledge of the ever increasing spectrum in cutaneous pathology caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is essential for the clinician examining high-risk individuals as well as patients presenting with recent suspicious cutaneous/mucocutaneous lesions. Timely diagnosis of the unique lesions a
Gene. 1989 May 15;78(1):73-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89357504
Giza PE; Huang RC; Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; 21218.
A highly efficient prokaryotic expression system has been developed that produces proteins at levels exceeding 150 micrograms/ml of culture medium. The system consists of a temperature-sensitive-copy-number plasmid that carries the rop gene and promoter downstream from the trp promoter. Any sequence cloned into the Pv
Brook MG; McDonald JA; Karayiannis P; Caruso L; Forster G; Harris JR; Thomas HC; Academic Department of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London.
In a randomised controlled trial recombinant interferon alpha 2A (Roferon-A, rIFN alfa A) given at a dosage of 10 million units (MU)/m2 thrice weekly for six months was significantly better (p less than 0.02) than no treatment in producing a sustained loss of hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) chr
Dal Canto MC; Division of Neuropathology, Northwestern University Medical; School, Chicago, Illinois.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), first described in 1981, is produced by infection with a retrovirus of the lentivirus family, now called human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). While, initially, the disease was almost exclusively seen in homosexual men, it has become apparent that numerous other categories of p
Savarese A; Frasson M; Divisione di Ortopedia e Traumatologia dell'Ospedale Maggiore,; Crema.
The authors describe a case of osteoid osteoma localised in the body of a lumbar vertebra. This rare localisation--the tenth case described in the literature--and its associated drug-dependency and serum positivity for HTL3 justify its addition to the literature. In addition to an accurate history, the diagnosis requi
Rossmann MG; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West; Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
The three-dimensional structure of human rhinovirus 14 has a deep surface depression or canyon encircling each of the twelve 5-fold vertices. The canyon s surface is inaccessible to the broad antigen binding region of antibodies, permitting conservation of residues that might be required for host cell receptor recogni
Le Grice SF; Ette R; Mills J; Mous J; Central Research Units, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel,; Switzerland.
To determine the cleavage specificity of the proteases of the type 1 and 2 human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1, HIV-2), we interchanged this domain of the polymerase (pol) genes and analyzed the maturation programs of the chimeric polyproteins in an Escherichia coli expression system. In both cases, release of rever
Boucher CA; de Jager MH; Debouck C; Epstein LG; de Wolf F; Wolfs TF; Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Three groups with different routes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission (homosexual men, hemophiliacs, and children) were studied for serum antibodies to a recombinant form of the HIV-1 protease using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. At 1 year after seroconversion, defined as the moment antibodies
Derouin F; Sarfati C; Beauvais B; Iliou MC; Dehen L; Lariviere M; Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Hopital Saint-Luuis, Paris,; France.
In four cases of pulmonary toxoplasmosis occurring in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Toxoplasma sp. was discovered in bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid (three cases) and in lung biopsy specimen (one case) by using the following methods: direct examination of smears stained with eosine-methylene blue fast
Tawfik OW; Papasian CJ; Dixon AY; Potter LM; Department of Pathology and Oncology, University of Kansas School; of Medicine, Kansas City 66103.
The clinical course of a patient with a polymicrobial pneumonia that included Saccharomyces cerevisiae infection is described. S. cerevisiae was recovered from autopsy cultures of the lungs, spleen, oral mucosa, and small intestine, and organisms morphologically consistent with S. cerevisiae were visualized in histolo
Fauvel M; Ozanne G; Laboratoire de sante publique du Quebec,; Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada.
Four cell fixation procedures were investigated for their abilities to inactivate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and preserve its antigenicity for antibody detection by immunofluorescence in MOLT-4-T4 cells. Air-dried cell smears were fixed in cold acetone, in acetone-methanol (1:1), in acetone-methanol (1:1) foll
Farzadegan H; Taylor E; Hardy W; Odaka N; Polk BF; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Early detection of sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection was investigated in newly infected persons to determine the sensitivities of currently available serologic techniques. Serial serum samples were obtained from 51 newly infected persons in a cohort of 1,153 homosexual or bisex
Sera from blood donors and patients from all over Scotland were examined by indirect immunofluorescence using Pneumocystis carinii antigen from infected rat lung. Antibody was found in 76 of 488 (15.6%) of patients tested on clinical grounds but in only 13 of 148 (8.8%) blood donors. The antibody rates were higher in
Wilson RJ; New England College of Optometry, Boston, MA 02115.
In 1985 this country introduced the first serologic screening test [enzyme immunoassays (EIAs)] designed to detect antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the pathogen of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Some people now suggest use of this test to identify people within the general population w
Heart disease related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) encompasses a number of pathologic findings that may or may not be associated with specific cardiac signs and symptoms. A review of 30 reports revealed that cardiac disorders were apparent in 424 (74%) of 574 AIDS patients. Neoplasms and opportunis
Krown SE; Metroka C; Wernz JC; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,; New York, NY 10021.
The availability of uniform and precise criteria for disease evaluation, response to treatment, and clinical staging of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) in individuals with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) would facilitate therapeutic trials in patients with this neoplasm. Recently, a group of oncologists conductin
Arno PS; Shenson D; Siegel NF; Franks P; Lee PR; Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Montefiore; Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; 10467.
Early medical intervention in human immunodeficiency virus disease has far-reaching implications for the health care system of the United States . Several factors are enabling the medical community to begin intervention prior to a patient s diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrom
Ruf B; Schurmann D; Brehmer W; Mauch H; Pohle HD; II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rudolf Virchow (Wedding), Freie; Universitat Berlin.
The importance of blood cultures in diagnosing disseminated mycobacteriosis in AIDS patients was evaluated. Blood samples were screened for mycobacteria by culture and microscopic techniques. Mycobacteremia was proven in 20/136 (14.7%) AIDS patients, the agent being M. avium-M. intracellulare (MAI) in 16 cases and M.
Kieburtz K; Schiffer RB; Department of Neurology, Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, New; York.
HIV infection is becoming more common. The recognition of HIV-related neurologic disease is also increasing. Both the central and peripheral nervous systems are affected by HIV infection. Although much of the pathophysiology remains to be elucidated, some of the neurologic syndromes are probably due to direct HIV infe
Chuck SL; Sande MA; Medical Service, San Francisco General Hospital, CA.
We reviewed the records of 106 patients with cryptococcal infections and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treated at San Francisco General Hospital. We examined four issues: the efficacy of treatment with amphotericin plus flucytosine as compared with amphotericin alone, the efficacy of suppressive therap
Derman R; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cornell Medical Center,; New York, New York.
Cardiovascular risks attributable to oral contraceptive use may now be subdivided into those that appear to be secondary to the estrogen component, i.e., venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and those linked to the progestin component, i.e., small vessel disease including myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular ac
Novello AC; Wise PH; Willoughby A; Pizzo PA; Pediatric, Adolescent, and Maternal AIDS Branch, National; Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD; 20892.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is increasing rapidly in the ranks of the leading causes of death among children. It is already the ninth leading cause of death among children 1 to 4 years of age and the seventh in young people between the ages of 15 and 24 years. If current trends continue, AIDS can be exp
If the histological patterns of Castleman s disease are well defined--hyaline vascular type and plasma cell type--, the clinical spectrum is widely divergent, ranging from localised forms cured by surgical ablation to multicentric idiopathic forms requiring systemic therapy; some cases are associated with an acquired
Oksenhendler E; Departement d'Immunopathologie et d'Hematologie, Hopital Saint; Louis, Paris, France.
Azidothymidine is active against HIV and effective in patients with AIDS or ARC, as it clearly prolongs life. However the rapid development and marketing of this drug has left some crucial questions under discussion. Trials all over the world are currently under way to confirm the effectiveness and toxicity of
All the cases of HIV infected patients diagnosed in our department during 1987 of Salmonella bacteremia are included in this report. Out of a total of 10 patients with both conditions, six were diagnosed of AIDS, three of AIDS related complex, and one presented an asymptomatic HIV infection. The mean age was 32.9 year
Le Pont F; Costagliola D; Massari V; Valleron AJ; INSERM U 263, Universite Paris.
This study estimates the impact of the delay of seroconversion on the global sensitivity of the testing procedure among regular blood donors who give 80% of blood donations in France and in the USA. When applied to the 1987 French data, an estimate of 77 to 161 false negative donat
Montalban C; Martinez-Fernandez R; Calleja JL; Garcia-Diaz JD; Rubio R; Dronda F; Moreno S; Yebra M; Barros C; Cobo J; Division of Internal Medicine, Hospital Ramon y Cajal,; Universidad de Alcala, Madrid, Spain.
In an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, 16 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection developed the disease. All belonged to populations at risk for AIDS (15 were intravenous drug abusers). Five patients fulfilled the criteria for full-blown AIDS, and two more fulfilled them after diagnosis of l
Prisco D; Clinica Medica I, Universita degli Studi di Firenze.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated to different clinical and laboratory hemostatic alterations. The most important is thrombocytopenia, which very often leads to a picture indistinguishable from idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with poor clinical relevance but with possible important problem
Kleinman SH; Niland JC; Azen SP; Operskalski EA; Barbosa LH; Chernoff AI; Edwards VM; Lenes BA; Marshall GJ; Nemo GJ; et al; American Red Cross Blood Services, Los Angeles, California.
The Transfusion Safety Study (TSS) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) established a repository of approximately 200,000 sera from blood donors in late 1984 and early 1985. Collections were made in the four metropolitan areas with the highest prevalence of AIDS. Retrospective testing showed an ov
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;21(1):97-110. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89370224
Soldaini E; Matteucci D; Lopez-Cepero M; Specter S; Friedman H; Bendinelli M; Department of Biomedicine, Virology Section, University of Pisa,; Italy.
It is now clear that AIDS results from a complex pathogenesis where virus-induced cytopathology represents only one of the contributing factors, while the others remain elusive. For this and other reasons there is much interest in the mechanisms whereby other classically immunodepressive noncytocidal retroviruses, suc
Schawaller M; Smith GE; Skehel JJ; Wiley DC; Division of Virology, National Institute for Medical Research,; Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom.
The subunit composition of env glycoproteins isolated from HIV-infected cell membranes, virus particles, and baculovirus recombinant-infected insect cells has been investigated using a number of crosslinking reagents. The results obtained provide evidence that gp160 is a tetramer of identical subunits and that gp41 is
Diagnostic tests for human immunodeficiency virus first became commercially available in 1985, only two years after the virus was discovered. In the short period of time since then, we have witnessed improvements in antibody detection methods, refinements in culture techniques, and the introduction of antigen and nucl
For reasons not yet known HIV infected patients in the final state of their aids disease often tend to develop Kaposi s sarcoma. These tumours result in secondary lymphatic edemas which are found on both sides of the sarcoma. They reach up to the regional lymphatic nodes blocked by the tumour cells. Depending on the s
Am Fam Physician. 1989 Sep;40(3):121-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89371430
Sadovsky R; Department of Family Practice, State University of New York; Health Science Center, Brooklyn.
Ambulatory management of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is rapidly becoming a necessity for both financial and staffing reasons. Many primary care physicians are anxious about providing care for these patients, perhaps because of inadequate clinical training or because of perceptions of pers
Shimizu K; Hirano M; Maruyama F; Itoh M; Hara K; Ino T; Ezaki K; Kunii A; Department of Medicine, Fujita Gakuen Health University, School; of Medicine, Japan.
A T-cell malignancy developed in a 64-year-old man with recurrent B-cell lymphoma after one and a half years of remission. Immunophenotypic and DNA analyses confirmed clonality and cell lineage of both lymphoid malignancies. Sequential development of B- and T-cell malignancies in this patient may be an example of bicl
Anal Chem. 1989 Aug 1;61(15):1732-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89372194
Nadeau RW; Oldfield NF; Garland WA; Liberato DJ
A sensitive and specific assay for recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) in human serum is described. The assay is based on a sequential sandwich immunobioassay that uses a microtiter plate coated with anti-rIL-2 monoclonal antibody (specific for recombinant human IL-2) to capture rIL-2 from serum, and an IL-2 dependent T
Gauthier DK; Turner JG; University of Alabama School of Nursing, Birmingham 35294.
Prudent use of screening tests for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and interpretation of test results require an understanding of the body s immune response to HIV infection, the serologic assays currently available, and the problems associated with false-positive and false-negative test results. The
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1989 Aug;16(8 Pt 1):2501-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89372973
Tamagawa S; Dept. of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome; Hospital.
The characteristics of the main route of HIV transmission today depends on life styles. But, in any country, it will be concentrated on the route of sexual intercourse and habitual intravenous injection of drug abusers, after education programs are in place. Epidemiological studies on HIV-II show that 21% of prostitut
Hjelle B; Busch M; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San; Francisco.
The detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibodies has proved to be a highly sensitive and specific means for the diagnosis of HIV-1 infection. Serologic methods have limitations in several specific clinical situations, however. In response to these problems, a wide variety of alternative diagnost
Zimmermann B 3d; Erickson AD; Mikolich DJ; Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
We describe a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who developed Staphylococcus aureus septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of the acromioclavicular joint. The case is unusual because of the rarity of reported bone and joint infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and because of the ind
Ferdinand FJ; Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesamt fur Sera und Impfstoffe,; Frankfurt/Main, Fed. Rep. of Germany.
Oncogenesis can be induced by chronic and acute RNA tumor viruses through a promoter/enhancer insertion mechanism and through a transforming protein coded by a viral oncogene (v-onc), respectively. A hypothetical trans-activating mechanism is invoked by retroviruses with trans-activating regulatory proteins. So far, i
Lasky LA; Department of Cardiovascular Research, Genentech, San Francisco,; California.
It is commonly agreed that the development of a vaccine that would prove effective against infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV, would be an important measure toward eliminating the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS. The biology of HIV is complex and very little is known regarding the host immune
Two cases of eosinophilic pustular dermatosis are reported and both were associated with infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-I). We suggest that eosinophilic pustular dermatosis may occur as an early sign of infection with HIV.
Lomeli H; Tyagi S; Pritchard CG; Lizardi PM; Kramer FR; Centro de Investigacion sobre Ingenieria Genetica y; Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico,; Morelos.
Amplifiable hybridization probes--molecules with a probe sequence embedded within the sequence of a replicatable RNA--will promote the development of sensitive clinical assays. To demonstrate their utility, we prepared a recombinant RNA that contained a 30-nucleotide-long probe complementary to a conserved region of t
Fox JL; Klass M; Corporate Molecular Biology, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL; 60064.
Some of the greatest beneficiaries of the revolutionary advances in biotechnology over the past 15 years have been producers of diagnostic reagents, especially for the cloning and expression of antigens, primarily of viral origin. Recombinant DNA technology provides methods for producing antigens for diagnostic assays
Thompson JD; Decker S; Haines D; Collins RS; Feild M; Gillespie D; Department of Neoplastic Diseases, Hahnemann University,; Philadelphia, PA 19102.
For increased clinical applications of nucleic acid probes to gene diagnosis, current procedures must be modified to become more amenable to the rapid processing of many samples with as few manipulations as possible. Here we summarize progress in the development of a strategy for performing molecular hybridization dir
Sever JL; Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of; Medicine, Childrens Hospital, Washington, DC 20010.
The HIV virus grows in lymphocytes, monocyte-macrophages and possibly a few other cells of the human body. This is an RNA virus that attaches at the CD4 receptor, enters the cell, and makes DNA by using a reverse transcriptase enzyme. The virus is about 100 nm in diameter and expresses several surface and core antigen
Bloch AB; Rieder HL; Kelly GD; Cauthen GM; Hayden CH; Snider DE Jr; Division of Tuberculosis Control, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, Georgia.
Tuberculosis in the United States is primarily and increasingly a disease of minorities and the foreign-born. Tuberculosis among non-Hispanic whites is predominantly a disease of the elderly, whereas among minorities and the foreign-born, it is primarily concentrated in young adults. I
O'Brien RJ; Division of Tuberculosis Control, Centers for Disease Control,; Atlanta, Georgia.
As the prevalence of tuberculosis has decreased, diseases due to nontuberculous mycobacteria have assumed a greater importance, and the common occurrence of disseminated M. avium complex disease in AIDS patients has stimulated interest in these organisms. Skin test surveys indicate that infection by these mycobacteria
Davidson PT; Department of Health Services, University of Southern; California-Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center, Downey.
Because mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis are common in the environment and yet are infrequent causes of disease in humans, their isolation from a clinical specimen must be carefully evaluated before concluding that disease exists. It is often necessary to accumulate and weigh a cascade of various cli
Sathe SS; Reichman LB; State University of New York Health Science Center, Brooklyn.
Mycobacterial disease is an increasingly common and serious problem in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Whereas Mycobacterium avium complex organisms are noncommunicable and extremely difficult to treat, Mycobacterium tuberculosis is transmissible to patients who do not have the acquired immuno
A Kaposi s sarcoma of the skin with nodular and follicular lesions but no visceral involvement developed in a 44-year-old man nine months after transplantation of an haplo-identical kidney (a relative as donor). He was on an immunosuppressive regimen of daily 10 mg methylprednisolone and 2.5 mg/kg cyclosporin A. No HI
Gene. 1989 Jun 30;79(1):71-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89378779
Jacobs E; Gheysen D; Thines D; Francotte M; de Wilde M; Molecular and Cellular Biology Department, Smith Kline-RIT,; Rixensart, Belgium.
Myristoylation of the Pr65gag protein from Moloney murine leukemia virus has been shown to be essential for virus particle formation [Rein et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83 (1986) 7246-7250], and by analogy, myristoylation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Gag precursor could possibly play a similar role.
Health Soc Work. 1989 Aug;14(3):165-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89378900
Alperin DE; Richie ND; Department of Health Administration and Social Work, Florida; Atlantic University, Boca Raton.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been recognized as the health care challenge of the 1980s. Community-based AIDS service organizations have emerged to meet this challenge by providing critical services to people with AIDS at a time when other health and social service systems were slow to respond. Result
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1989 Jul;40(7):732-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89379074
Haimowitz S; New York State Office of Mental Health, Albany 12229.
The epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) requires mental health clinicians to make many decisions that present legal dilemmas, yet few clear rules of law exist that address HIV antibody testing, confidentiality of information about patients HIV status, clinicians duty to protect third parties, and discrimi
Immunol Lett. 1989 Jul;22(1):35-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89379256
Ujhelyi E; Fust G; Illei G; Gyodi E; Nagy K; Toth FD; Buki B; Dierich MP; Mayer V; Gal G; et al; National Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion,; Budapest, Hungary.
Serum samples of 589 haemodialysis patients were screened for HIV antibody by ELISA methods. Of these, 36 samples were found to be repeatedly reactive. None of the 36, however, could be confirmed by competitive enzyme immunoassays and Western blot; therefore, they were considered to be false positive. The sera could b
J Chromatogr. 1989 Aug 4;476:99-112. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89380678
Kolbe HV; Jaeger F; Lepage P; Roitsch C; Lacaud G; Kieny MP; Sabatie J; Brown SW; Lecocq JP; Girard M; Transgene SA, Strasbourg, France.
The membrane-associated structural protein, p18, of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), has been expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein was purified by cation-exchange chromatography on S Sepharose followed by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on Sulfoethyl Aspartamide
Clewley JP; Virus Reference Laboratory, Central Public Health Laboratory,; London, U.K.
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful method for the in vitro amplification of specific nucleic acid sequences. As very small amounts of a virus genome can be detected it has obvious diagnostic applications. The background to the reaction and its use for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) detection are des
Greenaway PJ; Division of Pathology, Centre for Applied Microbiology and; Research, Salisbury, Wiltshire, U.K.
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by an exogenous retrovirus known as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This article briefly reviews the current status of investigations into the molecular biology of HIV and discusses ways in which these studies may influence the diagnosis, therapy and pre
HIV infection in women is a problem of growing magnitude and concern in the United States . Midwives, as primary care women s health care providers, must be fully informed about the scope of HIV infection in women in order to provide appropriate education and care to their patients. Thi
A growing percentage of people in the United States who have been diagnosed with AIDS are women, and it has been estimated that a much larger proportion of asymptomatic carriers of the virus are female. Most women who have been infected are heterosexually active and of childbearing age
The use of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody test for women of childbearing age is discussed. Serological tests used to determine HIV status are reviewed. Practitioners should be aware of the legal and ethical issues involved in testing. Psychological responses to knowledge of test results are considered
The ability of the legal system to respond to the challenges of HIV positivity and AIDS has been somewhat limited. Nevertheless, there have been state and federal initiatives which have affected nurse-midwifery practice to a degree unrecognized by many in practice. Areas of particular relevance to practice have been i
Laver J; Moore MA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
Hematopoietic growth factors comprise a family of hematopoietic regulators with biologic specificities defined by their ability to support proliferation and differentiation of blood cells of different lineages. The biologic specificities of these factors are highly complex, dose dependent, and frequently overlapping.
At present, positron emission tomography (PET) is the only technology affording the quantitative three-dimensional imaging of various aspects of brain function. Since glucose is the dominant substrate of the brain s energy metabolism, studies of glucose metabolism by PET of 2(18F)-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) are wi
Russo Alesi D; Vitale F; Lupo G; La Licata R; Zambito F; Romano N; Istituto di Igiene G. D'Alessandro, Universita degli Studi,; Palermo, Italy.
A seroepidemiological survey was carried out with the aim of establishing whether or not HIV 2 infection could be detected in Western Sicily. Two groups of sera were tested by EIA and WB assay against HIV 1 and HIV 2. 200 sera taken from North African immigrants in the Mazara del Vallo area, and 297 samples taken from
Panzer S; Stain C; Benda H; Mannhalter C; First Medical Clinic, University of Vienna, Austria.
Treatment of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with 3-azidothymidine (zidovudine; AZT ) can induce severe neutropenia and anemia, while platelet counts increase. In order to understand the mechanism by which this favorable effect on platelets is i
Central nervous system diseases occur frequently in patients with AIDS. From 20 to 40% of all these patients develop neurological symptoms and in about 10% of AIDS patients the onset of the disease is characterized by neurological symptoms. These may be related to primary HIV infection or to any of a large number of o
Blumenstein JJ; Copeland TD; Oroszlan S; Michejda CJ; Laboratory of Chemical and Physical Carcinogenesis, NCI-Frederick; Cancer Research Facility MD 21701.
We have studied the inhibition of HIV protease by the antifungal antibiotic cerulenin, as well as by several related synthetic, structurally simpler analogs. The effect of these compounds on HIV protease was conveniently studied by monitoring the cleavage of an authentic single peptide bond in a synthetic nonapeptide
Cooper JR; Office of Medical and International Affairs, National Institute; on Drug Abuse, Rockville, Md 20857.
In light of the recent growth in public financial support for the rapid expansion of drug abuse treatment capacity, the unique effectiveness of methadone hydrochloride treatment in reducing intravenous opioid abuse and the associated sharing of injection equipment is reviewed and discussed, and its potential effect on
Hart GJ; Carvell AL; Woodward N; Johnson AM; Williams P; Parry JV; Academic Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, University; College, London, UK.
From November 1987 to October 1988, numbers of clients, visits made and syringes dispensed and returned were monitored at the needle exchange of the Middlesex Hospital, London, UK. A sample of clients were interviewed 1 month after entry to the scheme and again 3 months later to evaluate changes in injecting and sexua
Donoghoe MC; Stimson GV; Dolan K; Alldritt L; Monitoring Research Group, Goldsmiths' College, London, UK.
The impact of syringe-exchange schemes on the behaviour of injecting drug users was investigated through self-reported behaviour change. Fifteen syringe-exchange schemes in England and Scotland participated in a government-sponsored pilot programme from April 1987. Clients were provided with sterile injecting equipmen
Sonnerborg AB; von Stedingk LV; Hansson LO; Strannegard OO; Department of Virology, Central Microbiological Laboratory of; Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
Neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-M) concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood were measured in 56 individuals in various stages of HIV-1 infection. Elevated levels of neopterin as well as beta 2-M were found in the CSF of three patients with primary HIV-1 infection and also in subjects in the ear
Fuchs D; Chiodi F; Albert J; Asjo B; Hagberg L; Hausen A; Norkrans G; Reibnegger G; Werner ER; Wachter H; Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of; Innsbruck, Austria.
Neopterin, a biochemical marker for the activation of cell-mediated immune reactions, was determined in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients infected with HIV-1. A significant correlation was found between serum and CSF neopterin concentrations, although concentrations of neopterin in serum were more clos
Howlett WP; Nkya WM; Mmuni KA; Missalek WR; Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania.
This study presents the main clinical findings on 200 AIDS patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in the northern zone of Tanzania , with detailed neurological findings on 135 out of 200 cases and 53 controls. Results show that 21 out of 200 (10.5%) had an obvious focal
Dolmans WM; van Loon AM; van den Akker R; Mulder DW; Shao JF; Mbena E; Mtey P; Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Nijmegen, The; Netherlands.
In April 1987, antibody to HIV-1 was determined in sera from 764 subjects from the Mwanza region in the north of Tanzania . Patients with a clinical suspicion of AIDS were HIV-1 antibody-positive in 65.4% (34 out of 52) and patients admitted for pulmonary tuberculosis in 25% (9 ou
Healey DS; Maskill WJ; Gust ID; National HIV Reference Laboratory, Fairfield Hospital, Victoria,; Australia.
In a study of 23 subjects infected with HIV, a modified particle agglutination assay was used to detect anti-HIV-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM). The presence of anti-HIV IgM was demonstrated in every subject, becoming detectable 1-2 weeks after the onset of acute symptoms, and showing a variable duration of 1-5 weeks
Constantine NT; Fox E; Abbatte EA; Woody JN; US Naval Medical Research Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.
Five commercial screening assays for HIV-1, evaluated for their usefulness in detecting infection in high-risk groups in the East African country of Djibouti , produced varying degrees of performance when compared to Western blot and immunofluorescence confirmatory assays. In this
Rooke R; Tremblay M; Soudeyns H; DeStephano L; Yao XJ; Fanning M; Montaner JS; O'Shaughnessy M; Gelmon K; Tsoukas C; et al; Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.
We determined whether drug-resistant variants of HIV-1 could be isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 individuals with HIV infection (Centers for Disease Control groups II and III) on long-term zidovudine ( AZT ) therapy. Toward thi
Avramis VI; Markson W; Jackson RL; Gomperts E; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles,; University of Southern California 90027.
HIV is the causative agent of AIDS. The purpose of this study was to examine the biochemical pharmacology of the anti-viral agent zidovudine ( AZT ) in the T-cell origin line (CEM). We have shown that zidovudine is activated by thymidine kinase (TK) in
Van de Perre P; Lepage P; Batungwanayo J; Bonnet D; Reference Laboratory, National AIDS Control Programme, Ministry; of Health and Social Affairs, Rwanda, Central Africa.
We describe HIV antigen and HIV-1, HIV-2 and human T-cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I) Western blot (WB) results in 20 adults and 12 children with AIDS who were shown to be HIV-1 seronegative by two commercial enzyme immunoassays (EIA), in Kigali, Rwanda , central Africa. These p
Dab W; Moatti JP; Bastide S; Abenhaim L; Brunet JB; Observatoire Regional de la Sante d'lle de France, Paris.
A survey of the social perception of AIDS and its prevention was carried out in December 1987 in a representative sample of the adult population of the Paris region ( France ). A significant part of the general public still holds misconceptions about transmission by casual contact an
Los AP; Achterhof L; Tijmstra T; Suurmeyer TP; Smit Sibinga CT; Department of Health Sciences, State University of Groningen, the; Netherlands.
To safeguard blood transfusion therapy, anti-HIV testing has been standard in routine blood bank practice in the Netherlands since mid-1985. Despite the availability of serological testing for HIV infection, donor deferral remains of prime importance because of the period betw
McCusker J; Stoddard AM; Zapka JG; Zorn M; Mayer KH; Division of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Amherst; 01003.
Predictors of adoption of safer sexual behaviors were examined in a cohort of 278 homosexually active men with stable HIV-antibody status followed over 12 months at a Boston community health center. The behaviors examined included: (1) restriction of partners to one monogamous or steady relationship and (2) among men
Monfardini S; Vaccher E; Pizzocaro G; Stellini R; Sinicco A; Sabbatani S; Marangolo M; Zagni R; Clerici M; Foa R; et al; Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS-Related Tumours, Centro di; Riferimento Oncologico, Pordenone, Italy.
Between December 1986 and December 1988, the Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS-Related Tumours documented 49 HIV-related tumours other than malignant lymphomas (ML) and Kaposi s sarcomas (KS), predominantly among HIV-infected intravenous drug abusers (IVDA). Of 12 germinal testicular tumours collected, six were semino
Connolly GM; Forbes A; Gleeson JA; Gazzard BG; Department of Gastroenterology, St. Stephen's Hospital, London,; UK.
Double contrast barium radiology and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were compared prospectively on 45 occasions in patients infected with HIV who presented with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. In 40 cases, a definite pathological diagnosis was reached and in four cases no organic basis for symptoms could be found.
Thomas RM; Plant MA; Plant ML; Sales DI; Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Morningside; Park.
OBJECTIVE--To determine the extent to which workers in the sex industry in Edinburgh engage in activities with a high risk of infection with HIV. DESIGN--Cross sectional, single phase survey in which respondents were located by a non-random method (snowballing). SETTING--Research project coordinated by the Alcohol Res
Raska K Jr; Kim HC; Raska K 3d; Martin E; Raskova J; Saidi P; Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of; New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway; 08854-5635.
To identify markers of prognostic value in the course of HIV disease, immunologic parameters and profiles of HIV antibodies and antigen were studied in 60 haemophiliacs. The 43 HIV-seropositive subjects were followed prospectively over a 4 year period with a retrospective analysis as well of their frozen plasma for HI
Chavance M; Monplaisir N; Valette I; Schaffar-Deshayes L; Raffoux C; Unit 169, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche; Medical, Villejuif, France.
Sera of supposedly healthy blood donors were screened for the presence of anti HTLV-I p24 antibodies, and HLA typing for A, B, C and DR antigens was performed for 68 seropositive subjects and 92 seronegative controls. HLA phenotypes of the two groups were not significantly different but the level of the antibody respo
Maekawa T; Sakura H; Sudo T; Ishii S; Tsukuba Life Science Center, Institute of Physical and Chemical; Research, Ibaraki, Japan.
The region containing two copies of the sequence GGGACTTTCC in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat, that is an NF-kappa B binding site, functions as an enhancer element for HIV transcriptional regulation. By a Southwestern method we have isolated a cDNA encoding the HIV-1 enhancer bind
Heinzel FP; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, San; Francisco, School of Medicine.
Humoral immunodeficiency, primary or secondary, increases susceptibility to infection by encapsulated bacteria and some viruses. Identification of the pathogen can provide clues to the specific deficiency. Infections respond to antimicrobial therapy--but not to prophylaxis. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy does, how
Cahoon-Young B; Chandler A; Livermore T; Gaudino J; Benjamin R; Public Health Laboratory, Alameda County Health Care Services; Agency, Oakland, California 94607.
We evaluated the efficacy of testing pooled versus individual sera for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus antibody. A total of 5,000 individual specimens and 500 pools of 10 specimens each were assayed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. There was complete agreement in human immunodeficiency virus enzy
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) continuing education conference on nurses knowledge and attitudes. Subjects in the study (N = 125) were participants in a one-day conference held at a major medical center in southern California. Content of the prog
Responding to an American Association of Colleges of Nursing s national survey, deans of baccalaureate nursing schools indicated that they are in a process of building curricula and clinical experiences to prepare practitioners who are skilled and confident in the care of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pati
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a serious illness and a public health crisis that merits the concern of everyone. Three key features make AIDS difficult to control. The first feature is that the disease is predominantly spread sexually. The second feature is that a period of infectivity may last from mont
This study describes knowledge about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among a random sample of 581 registered nurses in Erie County, New York. Data were gathered by mailed questionnaires that included items about the epidemiology, pathophysiology, transmission, and treatment of AIDS. Substantial deficiencies
Gallo P; Piccinno MG; Pagni S; Argentiero V; Giometto B; Bozza F; Tavolato B; Institute of Neurology, University of Padova, School of Medicine,; Italy.
Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ), soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), and gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) were measured in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients and normal controls (NC
J Med Chem. 1989 Sep;32(9):2084-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89362333
Winkler DA; Holan G; CSIRO Division of Chemicals and Polymers, Clayton, Australia.
A molecular orbital and molecular graphics study of 12 substrates, inhibitors, reaction intermediates, and substrate analogues of alpha-mannosidase was undertaken. The results indicated that potent inhibitors must be good topographical analogues of the mannopyranosyl cation, an intermediate in the reaction catalyzed b
el-Farrash MA; Harada S; Department of Medical Virology, Kumamoto University Medical; School.
The marked cytopathic effects of human immunodeficiency virus HIV for susceptible cells are caused mainly by fusion between cells expressing viral envelope glycoproteins and cells expressing CD4 molecule. In this study, we tested the ability of different clones of HIV to induce syncytia in CD4-positive cells. We have
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(17):6538-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89367284
Yamanashi Y; Mori S; Yoshida M; Kishimoto T; Inoue K; Yamamoto T; Toyoshima K; Department of Oncology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
This paper reports the identification of the lyn gene product, a member of the src-related family of protein-tyrosine kinases, and its expression in hematopoietic cells. A lyn-specific sequence (Arg-25 to Ala-119 of the protein) was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein with beta-galactosidase. Antiserum r
The clinical, microbiological, radiological and sonographical finding of 50 patients with tuberculosis and HIV infection are herewith described. 44 of the patients were men and 46 were intravenous drug addicts. Severe respiratory symptoms and peripheral pathological adenopathies were the most encountered manifestation
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;21(1):3-12. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89370218
Lafrado LJ; Quintana DA; Javadian MA; Kelliher JC; Department of Virology/Immunology, Primate Research Institute,; Holloman Air Force Base, NM 88330.
The chemiluminescent characteristics of enriched populations of neutrophils from control and HIV-infected chimpanzees were assessed. Neutrophils from HIV-infected chimpanzees were suppressed in their ability to generate a normal response to particulate and soluble stimuli when compared to normal and hepatitis non-A, n
Schwaighofer BW; Hesselink JR; Press GA; Wolf RL; Healy ME; Berthoty DP; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego; 92103-1990.
We reviewed MR scans of 10 patients with biopsy-proved primary CNS lymphoma . Twenty-five lesions were identified in 10 patients (four with AIDS and six without AIDS). In general, the typical lesion of CNS lymphoma was found to have the following MR characteristics: they were slight
Zender HO; Arrigoni E; Eckert J; Kapanci Y; Department of Pathology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
A 45-year-old man with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented with an unusual peritonitis resulting from a microsporidian infection. An inflammatory mass formed by the omentum magnum was revealed at partial autopsy. This mass was infested with parasites measuring 2.5-2.6 microns by 1.2-1.5 microns, which
Ann Ophthalmol. 1989 Jul;21(7):269-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89372632
Reisin LH; Reisin I; Darawshi A; Aviel E; Cardiological Unit, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.
The circulating lupus anticoagulant is a spontaneously acquired immunoglobulin that has been associated in vivo with an increased risk of thrombotic episodes. We describe the case of a young woman with central retinal-artery occlusion associated with circulating lupus anticoagulant in the absence of systemic lupus ery
Colombatto S; De Agostini M; Corsi D; Sinicco A; Dipartimento di Medicina e Oncologia Sperimentale, Universita di; Torino, Italy.
Lymphocytes from patients with antibodies against the AIDS associated human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV-1) have elevated concentrations of polyamines. Spermidine and spermine are similar in amount in patients with Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy (PGL) and overt AIDS, while putrescine is much higher in the latt
Cynamon MH; Klemens SP; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse.
Development of new antimycobacterial agents has gained impetus from the frequent occurrence of disseminated M. avium complex infections associated with the AIDS epidemic and the resurgence of tuberculosis. Promising new agents are being developed by modification of existing antimycobacterial agents (for example, amino
In 79 homosexual men positive for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the titer and avidity of p24 antibody was determined by an indirect ELISA and the serum tested for the presence of HIV antigen. Results were examined for a possible correlation with clinical, immunological and prognostic findings. High t
Schiavini DG; Puel JM; Averous SA; Bazex JA; Laboratory of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Purpan,; Toulouse, France.
Identifying criteria for the early prediction of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients have become necessary in order to widen the indications for antiviral treatment by azidothymidine and to increase its efficiency. With this aim in mind,
We cultured the cervical lymph node lymphocytes of a patient suffering from cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. His anti-ATLV antibody was positive by indirect immunofluorescent method (IF). ATLV was detected on these cultured cells by IF. Type C particles were observed in the cultured cells by electron microscopy. These parti
S Afr Med J. 1989 Sep 16;76(6):251-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89388526
Hoosen AA; Quinlan DJ; Moodley J; Kharsany AB; van den Ende J; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Natal,; Durban.
The prevalence of sexually transmitted pathogens in two groups of women was studied: 50 women with clinical diagnoses of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and 50 asymptomatic women attending a family planning clinic (FPC). Genital specimens, collected by non-invasive procedures, were examined. Endocervical Neiss
Martin T; Cheke D; Natyshak I; Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital,; Saskatoon, Canada.
Three cases of mycobacterial infection were confirmed in our laboratory by exclusive isolation of the pathogen in Middlebrook 7H9 broth medium. The mycobacteria failed to grow in all three cases on three different solid media. In one patient Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from a pleural biopsy; a lymph node b
Wu J; Levy EM; Black PH; Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine,; MA 02118.
One contributing factor to the loss of T cells in AIDS may be the impaired ability of T cell precursors to expand, as reflected in a decreased ability of patient cells to form T cell colonies in agar. We and others have noted such a defect in people with AIDS and ARC, and have found that suppressor cells and suppressi
Lasher AT; Ragsdale D; Behavioral Medicine Clinic, Town and Country Pediatric; Association, Houston, TX 77024.
This article contains a description of how social support systems criteria can be used by nurses as a framework to include significant others in the care of their loved ones with AIDS. Nursing care parameters are identified to facilitate mutual planning among persons with AIDS dementia
Koike M; Iida N; Wakabayashi Y; Ishiyama T; Uehara N; Shimizu K; Hirose S
A 53-year-old woman born in Kamo village of Shizuoka prefecture was admitted to Juntendo Izunagaoka hospital complaining cough and appetite loss. On physical examinations, general lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly were recognized. And also dry rales and wet rales were heard in the bilateral lungs. On hematologica
We studied the expression of 2H4 and 4B4 on the surfaces of leukemia cells from 17 patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) as well as of cells belonging to 2 T-cell lines derived from ATL patients. The effects of the supernatants obtained from culture fluids of the ATL cells and the T-cell lines on IgG production of
During a 12-month period from August 1, 1986 to July 31, 1987, a study of primary chemoprophylaxis with dapsone for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was undertaken in immunodeficient patients who were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. One attack of P. carinii pneumonia occurred among 16 patients who receiv
AIDS information work is very work-intensive if it is to be pursued with consequence and effect. This is a report on the work done in the course of one year at 47 schools and on the experience collected: --Many evening events have to be visited (parents evenings and get-togethers, meetings of the parent councils). Su
The article describes how AIDS information can be disseminated in schools with maximum coverage, by an expert of the Public Health Offices. A Federal German county district (Hameln-Pyrmont in North Rhine West-phalia) serves as an example. Such dissemination is based on cooperation with the schoolteachers to achieve a
Preexisting supplies of a local public health office and other institutions are taken into account in developing main activities of an AIDS-counsellor within the AIDS-programme at public health offices in Western Germany . School education and individual AIDS counselling are predom
70% of the pupils of public schools in the city of Bochum who were questioned in an opinion poll conducted by the Public Health Office were interested in knowing more about AIDS. More than 80% of the boys and girls approached during the questioning know the causative virus and how persons can get infected. It is also
4,382 blood samples were examined for HIV antibodies between August 1985 and the end of December 1988 at the Public Health office of the city of Augsburg. The prevalence of positive tests was 0.57% (n = 25). The rate at which various consultation offers were made use of was calculated for 1988. From 1985 to 1988 appro
Among 1000 patients with HIV infection consecutively examined at our dermatological department during the last 3 years, we diagnosed 4 cases of malignant melanoma. This figure is clearly higher than the statistical incidence of 4-13 cases per 100.000 people a year observed in West Ger
Formenti SC; Turner RR; de Martini RM; Boone DC; Bishop PC; Levine AM; Parker JW; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles.
Blood leukocytes from 51 patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related syndrome (ARC) were immunophenotyped with the use of monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry. The patients were placed into four clinically defined groups: HIV-positive asymptomatic (HIV+/A, 8); persistent generalized ad
Goilav C; Piot P; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine,; Antwerp, Belgium.
Homosexual men are at increased risk for infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Both plasma-derived and recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid vaccines have been shown to induce long-standing protective immunity in this population. However, non-responders and weak responders to HBV vaccine have recently become a problem a
Ann Allergy. 1989 Sep;63(3):189-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89372367
Knutsen AP; Bouhasin JD; Joist JH; Scrivner D; Mueller KR; Gioia K; Janney S; Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis University Medical Center,; Missouri.
The Regional Hemophilia Center in St. Louis initiated a prospective study beginning in 1982 to measure sequentially T-cell subpopulations and in vitro lymphoproliferative responses in hemophilia A patients. In a cohort of 106 hemophiliacs, the prevalence of HIV-seropositivity increased from 46.7% in 1982 to 74.5% by 1
Ann Neurol. 1989 Aug;26(2):257-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89372778
Itoyama Y; Kira J; Fujii N; Goto I; Yamamoto N; Department of Neurology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Using two-color flow cytometric analysis, we studied peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in 15 patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy. The percentage of CD4+ 4B4+ cells (helper inducer T cell) was significantly increased in the patients with the myelopathy, compared with 16 healthy
Ann Neurol. 1989 Aug;26(2):275-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89372781
Heyes MP; Rubinow D; Lane C; Markey SP; Laboratory of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Dementia and brain atrophy are established features of a large proportion of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). To investigate a potential mechanism for atrophy in AIDS, we measured the concentration of the endogenous neurotoxin quinolinic acid in the cerebrospinal fluid of 10 patients with AIDS
Bagasra O; Forman L; Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry; of New Jersey, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Camden 0813-1505.
The potential role of substance abuse, especially cocaine and alcohol as co-factor in HIV infection and in the development and expression of AIDS has been suggested, but the possible biological role of substance abuse in the development of AIDS is not known. In order to better understand immune system function in chro
Hraba T; Dolezal J; Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czechoslovak Academy of; Sciences, Praha.
The CD4+ lymphocyte depletion in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons seems to be affected by HIV products. As the dynamics of the concentration of HIV products is reciprocal to that of non-replicating antigen used for induction of tolerance, the mathematical model of immunological tolerance can be used
Keever CA; Flomenberg N; Small T; Brochstein J; Collins N; Young-Yang S; Insel R; Dupont B; O'Reilly RJ; Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering; Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021.
We have studied the tolerance of engrafted T cells from a severe combined immunodeficiency disease patient sequentially transplanted with T-cell-depleted bone marrow from both HLA haploidentical parents. The T cells from this patient were shown by HLA typing and cytogenetic analysis to be of material origin (donor of
Kurata A; Palker TJ; Streilein RD; Scearce RM; Haynes BF; Berzofsky JA; Molecular Immunogenetics and Vaccine Research Section, National; Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
HTLV-I (human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1) is the retrovirus causally related to adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and is also associated with a neurological disorder, tropical spastic paraparesis, or HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. The development of these two different diseases among HTLV-I-infected individuals may
CSF and serum of 80 HIV-seropositive patients in various stages of the disease were examined. Total as well as intrathecal IgG synthesis appeared to be frequently elevated in each diagnostic group. Abnormal CSF oligoclonal IgG fractions were significantly more frequent in asymptomatic patients. CSF pleocytosis was fou
Sjovall J; Bergdahl S; Movin G; Ogenstad S; Saarimaki M; Clinical Pharmacology, Astra Alab AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
To investigate the pharmacokinetics and effects of intravenous foscarnet, 13 relatively healthy male patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and a mean CD4+ lymphocyte value of 0.45 x 10(-9) cells per liter were given a continuous intravenous infusion of foscarnet (0.14 to 0.19 mg/kg per min) for 8 to 21
Prou O; Courouce AM; Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut National de Transfusion; Sanguine, Paris.
HHV.6 (or HBLV) herpesvirus was isolated in 1986. This virus has a specific tropism for T cells. It is ubiquitous. Most subjects are infected in early childhood. HHV.6 is responsible for exanthema subitum. Its possible involvement in the aggravation of immunodeficiency syndromes and its action on malignant haematologi
J Protein Chem. 1989 Feb;8(1):87-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89351614
Chen J; Barber A; Pedersen J; Brandt-Rauf PW; Carucci J; Murphy RB; Carty RP; Licht D; Pincus MR; Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003.
A sequence similarity has been found between two segments of endothiapepsin (acid proteinase, 2APE), bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A, and peptide T, a segment of the gp120 protein of human immune deficiency virus (HIV), which has been implicated in blocking viral attachment to the T4 receptor. The two similar sequenc
Evans LA; Thomson-Honnebier G; Steimer K; Paoletti E; Perkus ME; Hollander H; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San; Francisco 94143.
To define the target antigens for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), assays were performed using affinity-purified human immunoglobulin (Ig) or polyclonal rabbit sera directed against specific proteins of HIV. ADCC was not found using affinity-purified anti-core (p25) human Ig or sera obtained from rabbi
Two rhesus monkeys were infected with SIVmac 251. Elevated urinary neopterin concentrations were observed as the first sign of infection. Virus-specific antibodies were detected 14 days after infection, when neopterin concentrations were already decreasing. The neopterin levels of one animal remained elevated and the
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):421-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89352109
Leonard J; Khillan JS; Gendelman HE; Adachi A; Lorenzo S; Westphal H; Martin MA; Meltzer MS; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of; Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Four lines of transgenic mice containing the HIV LTR linked to the bacterial gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) were constructed. In each line, a characteristic tissue pattern of CAT expression was observed with detectable levels present in the eye, heart, spleen, thymus, and tail. Low levels of CAT
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):451-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89352112
Bahraoui E; Clerget-Raslain B; Granier C; Van Rietschoten J; Sabatier JM; Labbe-Julie C; Ceard B; Rochat H; Gluckman JC; Montagnier L; Unite d'Oncologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Amino- and carboxy-terminal extremities of the envelope external glycoproteins are regions that have remained highly conserved between human immunodeficiency viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2. The corresponding peptides have been synthesized and their structure and function analyzed. Circular dichroism spectra showed evidence o
Jakobsen J; Smith T; Gaub J; Helweg-Larsen S; Trojaborg W; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of; Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.
OBJECTIVE--To determine whether the delayed conduction through the spinal cord and peripheral nerves seen in patients with AIDS is related to infection with HIV or to the presence of an immunodeficient state. DESIGN--Two year prospective follow up study of electrophysiological measurements in subjects positive for HIV
Human immunodeficiency viruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2, are similar, by genome structure, nucleotide sequences and pathogenicity, to retroviruses existing in various primates, SIVs. The possibility is discussed that the human viruses have their origin in accidental transmission of some monkey viruses to man. Studies of SIVs
In a prospective study of 154 AIDS patients, 48 (31%) complained of pain on swallowing both liquids and solids and 32 (21%) of these also had dysphagia. While candidiasis was the most common cause of symptoms (26 patients), discrete ulceration of the oesophagus occurred in 12 instances in 10 patients (four
Lane HC; Davey RT Jr; Sherwin SA; Masur H; Rook AH; Manischewitz JF; Quinnan GV; Smith PD; Easter ME; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
A Phase I study of recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) was conducted to determine the toxicity and pharmacokinetics of this lymphokine in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with Kaposi s sarcoma (KS). Sixteen patients with AIDS/KS were entered into a fixed-dose trial at either 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, o
Sargan DR; Bennet ID; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Edinburgh, U.K.
Visna virus is the prototype lentivirus, with a genome structure similar to that of the human immunodeficiency viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2. We have analysed in vitro the transcription pattern of this virus in lytic infections of choroid plexus cells. Northern blot analysis shows the presence of spliced subgenomic mRNA spe
Miles BJ; Melser M; Farah R; Markowitz N; Fisher E; Department of Urology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
Between 1984 and March 1987, 120 patients with either the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or its related complex seen at our hospital were studied retrospectively for urological signs and/or symptoms. Autopsy findings also were reviewed. Of the patients 84 per cent had no complaints referable to the urinary system,
Shinzato O; Shimoji T; Araki K; Mimura G; Toda T; Yonahara M
We report a case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated by disseminated CMV infection and neurological disturbance. A 21 years old male with hemophilia A was diagnosed as having AIDS in Feb. 1986 because of interstitial pneumonia and esophageal
The value of aggressive nutritional support in the patient with AIDS requires further study. As medical treatment modalities become more sophisticated, the etiology of complications that are associated with AIDS are more clearly understood and can be more effectively treated. Survival rates of greater than one and one
Johnson MA; Fridland A; Department of Biochemical and Clinical Pharmacology, St. Jude; Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38101.
2 ,3 -Dideoxyinosine (ddlno) is a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus in human lymphoid cells and monocytes/macrophages. Earlier studies [J. Biol. Chem. 263:15354 (1988)] showed that anabolism of ddlno in human lymphoid cells is mediated via an initial step of phosphorylation and subsequent
Jabs DA; Green WR; Fox R; Polk BF; Bartlett JG; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
The ocular complications of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) include: (1) a noninfectious microangiopathy, most often seen in the retina, consisting of cotton-wool spots with or without intraretinal hemorrhages and other microvascular abnormalities; (2) opportunistic ocular infections, primarily
Morinet F; Service de Bacteriologie-Virologie, Hopital Saint-Louis,; Universite Paris VII, France.
Hybridization technology allows the detection of EBV (Epstein-Barr Virus) DNA in lymphoproliferative diseases in immunosuppressed patients. Moreover, in HIV infected patients, LIP (Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonitis), hairy leucoplasia and lymphoma are associated with EBV by DNA hybridization. These procedures are a
Le SY; Chen JH; Maizel JV; Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Frederick, MD 21701.
RNA stem-loop structures situated just 3 to the frameshift sites of the retroviral gag-pol or gag-pro and pro-pol regions may make important contributions to frame-shifting in retroviruses. In this study, the thermodynamic stability and statistical significance of such secondary structural features relative to others
Res Virol. 1989 Jul-Aug;140(4):361-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89368419
Deny P; Debure A; Agut H; Berche P; Degos F; Nicolas JC; Kreis H; Brechot C; Unite de Recombinaison et Expression Genetique, INSERM U 163,; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been associated with severe diseases in immunologically impaired patients. Cytomegalovirus hepatitis has been frequently described in this population, but this diagnosis is still difficult. Molecular hybridization with the V EcoRI res
CD4 is a cell surface glycoprotein that is thought to interact with nonpolymorphic determinants of class II major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules. CD4 is also the receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), binding with high affinity to the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, gp120. Homolog-scanning mutagenesis w
Griffin LC; Dervan PB; Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California; Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.
Oligonucleotide recognition offers a powerful chemical approach for the sequence-specific binding of double-helical DNA. In the pyrimidine-Hoogsteen model, a binding size of greater than 15 homopurine base pairs affords greater than 30 discrete sequence-specific hydrogen bonds to duplex DNA. Because pyrimidine oligonu
Griffiths MH; Kocjan G; Miller RF; Godfrey-Faussett P; Department of Histopathology, University College and Middlesex; School of Medicine, London.
The value of transbronchial biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage was assessed in the diagnosis of pulmonary disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Seventy four transbronchial biopsy and 66 bronchoalveolar lavage specimens (60 paired specimens) from 80 examinations in 64 patients were re
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;21(1):111-29. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89370215
Pedersen NC; Yamamoto JK; Ishida T; Hansen H; Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University; of California, Davis 95616.
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) (formerly feline T-lymphotropic lentivirus or FTLV) was first isolated from a group of cats in Petaluma, California in 1986. The virus is a typical lentivirus in gross and structural morphology. It replicates preferentially but not exclusively in feline T-lymphoblastoid cells, where
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;21(1):25-37. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89370217
Mullins JI; Hoover EA; Overbaugh J; Quackenbush SL; Donahue PR; Poss ML; Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard University School of Public; Health, Boston, MA 02115.
Findings are reviewed, relevant to elucidation of the pathogenic, genetic and biochemical properties of a single, genetically heterogeneous isolate of feline leukemia virus (FeLV-FAIDS) shown to induce fatal immunodeficiency disease in nearly 100% of inoculated cats. Hypotheses are suggested which pertain to the mecha
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;21(1):39-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89370219
Lafrado LJ; Dezzutti CS; Lewis MG; Olsen RG; Primate Research Institute, Holloman Air Force Base, NM; 88330-1027.
Challenge of naive experimental animals with a retroviral inoculum may result in one of two broad sequelae. The first is the establishment of an appropriate humoral and cellular immune response leading to a condition of immunity to subsequent infection with the retrovirus. Alternatively, the host may fail to develop a
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;21(1):69-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89370222
Weijer K; Uytdehaag FG; Osterhaus AD; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Immunology,; Amsterdam.
Feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) usually occurs in its natural species, the domestic cat. FeLV is also important to human individuals as a comparative model, as it may cause a variety of diseases, some malignant and some benign, such as immunosuppression, which bears a resemblance to AIDS (acquired immune deficiency synd
The long terminal repeat (LTR) region of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), which regulates viral gene expression, is modulated by viral trans-acting proteins of HIV and DNA viruses and by biologically active chemical agents that induce cellular proliferation and/or differentiation. The pseudorabies virus immed
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1989 Jul 15;139(13):303-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89370601
Bengesser G; Stobich E; IV. Psychiatrischen Langzeitabteilung,; Wagner-Jauregg-Krankenhauses, Linz.
Retroviruses comprise spumaviruses, lentiviruses and oncoviruses. After these taxonomic remarks neurologic-psychiatric-syndromes (multifocal leucencephalopathy, dementia-complex, vacuolar myelopathy and others) are described, that could be observed as manifestations of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Some the
Rapp F; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State; University, College of Medicine, Hershey.
Human viruses known to be spread by sexual contact include herpes simplex viruses (HSV), papillomaviruses (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus, and cytomegalovirus . Infections with the first three (HSV, HPV, and HIV) have reached epidemic proportions and pos
Booss J; Kim JH; Virology Laboratories, VA Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut; 06516.
The AIDS epidemic has transformed the importance of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) as a pathogen for the adult human central nervous system (CNS). At autopsy, about 25 percent of AIDS cases have cytopathologic evidence of CNS infectio
Am J Anat. 1989 Jun-Jul;185(2-3):310-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89371548
Dankner WM; Spector SA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego; 92103.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important pathogen in neonates, transplant patients, and individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Reliable techniques for the detection of this virus in clinical specimens would aid in improving methods for diagnosis and increas
Nwanyanwu OC; Tabasuri TH; Harris GR; Fort Worth-Tarrant County Health Department, TX.
In 1982 the Centers for Disease Control published a set of recommendations and measures to protect persons working in health care settings or performing mortician services from possible exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus. This study of a number of funeral homes in the Fort Worth area was designed to determin
Motokura T; Fukumoto S; Matsumoto T; Takahashi S; Fujita A; Yamashita T; Igarashi T; Ogata E; University of Tokyo School of Medicine.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether parathyroid hormone-related protein is synthesized and secreted by the tumor cells of patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Convenience sample of three patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. Two patients developed hypercalcemia, and one patient was no
Wachter RM; Luce JM; Hearst N; Lo B; Stanford University, California.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess whether decisions about do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders are made equitably in patients with different diseases but similar prognoses. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Three teaching hospitals: a university referral center, a county hospital serving a largely indigent population,
Bournerias I; Boisnic S; Patey O; Deny P; Gharakhanian S; Duflo B; Gentilini M; Department of Public Health, Parasitology, and Tropical Medicine,; Hopital de la Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Two patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented unusual keratotic cutaneous lesions with a protracted course. Pathologic examination in both patients, cultures, and DNA hybridization techniques of skin biopsy specimens in the second patient were characteristic of cytomeg
Sano T; Kovacs K; Scheithauer BW; Rosenblum MK; Petito CK; Greco CM; Department of Pathology, St Michael's Hospital, University of; Toronto,Canada.
Pituitary morphology was studied in 49 autopsied patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Direct infectious involvement was noted in six adenohypophyses (12%), including five cases by cytomegalovirus and one by Pneumocystis carinii. Two cases with neurohypophysial lesions
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Aug 30;163(1):172-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89374220
McQuade TJ; Pitts TW; Tarpley WG; Cancer and Infectious Diseases Research, Upjohn Company,; Kalamazoo, MI 49001.
We developed a particle concentration fluorescent immunoassay to quantify the binding in solution of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) external glycoprotein (gp120) to soluble CD4 (sCD4). The assay is rapid (1 hr), quantitative, and requires as little as 0.1 pmole of gp120 per evaluation. We find that gp120, puri
Meyerhans A; Cheynier R; Albert J; Seth M; Kwok S; Sninsky J; Morfeldt-Manson L; Asjo B; Wain-Hobson S; Laboratoire de Biologie et Immunologie Moleculaires des; Retrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
A genetic study has been made of the HIV tat gene from sequential HIV-1 isolates and the corresponding infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells. DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector. Twenty clones were sequenced from each sample. Comparing the sequentia
Field HJ; Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is susceptible to a variety of antiviral compounds, most of which are nucleoside analogues that interfere with DNA metabolism involving the virus enzymes DNA-polymerase and thymidine kinase. Single mutations in the virus genome give rise to resistant mutants following selection in vitro in t
Jeffries DJ; Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Mary's Hospital Medical; School, Paddington, London, UK.
Serious disease due to cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is almost totally confined to congenitally infected infants and the immunocompromised. Cell-mediated immunity is primarily responsible for the control of infection following primar
Pinching AJ; Department of Immunology, St Mary's Hospital Medical School,; London, UK.
CMV disease is a major problem in AIDS, though with a different profile from that seen in other immunosuppressed patients. The novel treatments, ganciclovir and phosphonoformate, have a major role in the management of such infections, but maintenance therapy is
A study of ganciclovir used on compassionate grounds in the treatment of severe cytomegalovirus disease in iatrogenically immunosuppressed and AIDS patients in Europe, commenced in June 1985. The results of 120 iatrogenically immunosuppressed patients treated between May 1986 and F
Raj NB; Engelhardt J; Au WC; Levy DE; Pitha PM; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins; University School of Medicine Oncology Center, Baltimore,; Maryland 21205.
Virus inducible elements (IE) in promoters of mouse alpha-interferon and human beta 1-interferon genes contain multiple copies of the hexanucleotide sequence AGT-GAA or its variants which are also found in the interferon-stimulated response element of genes transcriptionally induced by interferon. We have examined the
Schick MR; Lohman KL; Kennedy RC; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Science; Center, San Antonio.
The use of anti-idiotypic antibodies to examine and/or modulate the immune response to various viral antigens has the potential to be of use in many diverse systems. This paper details the method and immunologic parameters used in our laboratory to generate and characterize anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id or Ab-2)
Thiers BH; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina,; Charleston 29425-2215.
Research into the biology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, has yielded valuable information about the replicative cycle of the virus. The steps involved are (1) attachment of the virus to a receptor protein on the surface of the target cell,
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 infects and damages or destroys several types of cells, most importantly helper/inducer (CD4+) lymphocytes. In the majority of infected persons, the loss of CD4+ lymphocytes leads to a progressive reduction in both cell mediated and antibody mediated immunity. Early during infection most
Byrn RA; Sekigawa I; Chamow SM; Johnson JS; Gregory TJ; Capon DJ; Groopman JE; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, New England; Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
The first step in infection of human T cells with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is binding of viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 to its cellular receptor, CD4. The specificity of this interaction has led to the development of soluble recombinant CD4 (rCD4) as a potential antiviral and therapeutic agent. We have pr
Cochrane AW; Golub E; Volsky D; Ruben S; Rosen CA; Department of Molecular Oncology, Roche Institute of Molecular; Biology, Nutley, New Jersey 07110.
The human immunodeficiency virus Rev protein is posttranslationally modified by a serine kinase activity present in the nucleus of the cell. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to identify the site of phosphorylation. Changing of serine residues 92 and 99 dramatically reduced Rev phosphorylation, suggesting that at lea
Cordonnier A; Riviere Y; Montagnier L; Emerman M; Unite d'Oncologie Virale (Centre National de la Recherche; Scientifique, UA1157), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Sequence comparison of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2 env genes revealed the presence of six linear regions in the extracellular glycoprotein that are highly conserved. To investigate the functional significance of these regions, we made short deletions in each and assayed the ability of the mutate
Med Hypotheses. 1989 Jul;29(3):195-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89384284
Di Guardo G
Several studies have demonstrated the existence of morphological, biological, genetic and antigenic correlations between human and animal retroviruses. Furthermore, some agents of bovine and feline origin can also be considered useful comparative models for the pathogenetic study of human diseases such as leukaemia, a
A case of cytomegalovirus retinitis in an infant with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is described. Although well recognized as an ocular manifestation of AIDS in adults, only one case of the necrotic retinitis caused by cytomegalovirus has been described in a child with
Simian AIDS (SAIDS) is an endemic disease of macaques that shares many characteristics with AIDS in humans. SAIDS is etiologically linked to infection by a type D retrovirus, SAIDS retrovirus (SRV). Immunization with an inactivated whole-virus vaccine was shown to protect macaques against infection by SRV serotype 1.
Begin ME; Manku MS; Horrobin DF; Efamol Research Institute, Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are known to modulate the immune system in vivo and to inactivate envelope viruses in vitro. Patients with AIDS had low total plasma lipid levels and low levels of a number of individual fatty acids. However, the C20 and C22 essential fatty acids of the n-3 series were selectively a
Bejcek BE; Li DY; Deuel TF; Department of Medicine, Jewish Hospital, Washington University; Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Transformation by the v-sis oncogene appears to require an interaction of its protein product, p28v-sis, with the receptor for the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). However, this interaction may not occur at the cell surface as predicted by the autocrine hypothesis because phenotypic transformation was not revers
Peripheral neuropathy following HIV infection is frequently seen among HIV-positive-, ARC- and AIDS patients who often complain of debilitating paresthesias. Indirect immunofluorescence technique showed antibodies directed either to myelin and/or axons and to endothelial cells of the blood vessels within the nerve tis
Nashed NT; Louis JM; Sayer JM; Wondrak EM; Mora PT; Oroszlan S; Jerina DM; Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of; Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Ac-Lys-Ala-Ser-Gln-Asn-Phe(NO2)-Pro-Val-Val-NH2 (peptide I) and Thr-Phe-Gln-Ala-Phe(NO2)-Pro-Leu-Arg-Glu-Ala (peptide II) undergo hydrolysis between the p-nitrophenylalanyl and prolyl residues catalyzed by the proteases of HIV-1 and AMV, respectively. The specific hydrolyses of peptides I and II are accompanied by a d
McMillan A; Bishop PE; Aw D; Peutherer JF; Department of Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK.
An immunohistological study of the rash associated with acute HIV infection in a homosexual man was undertaken. The salient feature was an infiltrate of mononuclear cells predominantly of the CD4+ phenotype around the superficial dermal vessels. HIV p24 antigen was detected in occasional cells, possibly Langerhans ce
OBJECTIVE--To investigate the impact of the clinical course of the primary HIV infection on the subsequent course of the infection. DESIGN--Prospective documenting of seroconversion, follow up at six month intervals, and analysis of disease progression by life tables. PATIENTS--86 Men in whom seroconversion occurred w
Environ Mol Mutagen. 1989;14(2):115-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89356672
Dunkel VC; Rogers-Back AM; Lawlor TE; Harbell JW; Cameron TP; Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC.
When the AIDS epidemic was in its earliest stages, and prior to identification of HIV as the etiological factor, the use of volatile nitrites by the male homosexual community to enhance sexual activities appeared to have a significant role in this disease. Preliminary observations indicated that the portion of the mal
Biddison WE; Shaw S; Molecular Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological; Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The CD4 molecule is currently the object of intense interest and investigation both because of its role in normal T-cell function, and because of its role in HIV infection. Our studies of CD4 expression and function on class II-specific T cells indicate that: 1) CD4 expression is generally a marker of T cells that are
Yoffe B; Petrie BL; Noonan CA; Hollinger FB; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,; Texas.
The ultrastructural alterations induced by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in human lymphoid cells have been evaluated. Electron microscopic examination of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 14 male homosexuals with confirmed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex revealed tha
Lancet. 1989 Aug 26;2(8661):466-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89363688
Itescu S; Brancato LJ; Winchester R; Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY 10003.
A sicca syndrome with parotid enlargement, pulmonary insufficiency, and lymphadenopathy was seen in 12 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), only 1 of whom has had an opportunistic infection during 304 patient months of study. There was a striking increase in numbers of circulating CD8 lymphocytes
Lancet. 1989 Aug 26;2(8661):473-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89363690
Kornhauser DM; Petty BG; Hendrix CW; Woods AS; Nerhood LJ; Bartlett JG; Lietman PS; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
The effects of probenecid, a known inhibitor of glucuronidation, on the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine were assessed in eight subjects receiving zidovudine as treatment for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Zidovudine plasma concentrations were measured while subjects were receiving zidovudine alone, after 3 day
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;21(1):13-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89370216
McClure HM; Anderson DC; Fultz PN; Ansari AA; Lockwood E; Brodie A; Division of Pathobiology and Immunobiology, Yerkes Regional; Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA.
Twelve rhesus and one pig-tailed macaque have been monitored for 28-41 months following experimental infection with 10(4) TCID of SIV/SMM. Twelve of the 13 animals became virus positive and seroconverted within 3 to 6 weeks of exposure; the remaining animal seroconverted at 6 months, but has remained virus negative. S
Hufert FT; von Laer D; Schramm C; Tarnok A; Schmitz H; Virological Department, Bernhard-Nocht Institute of Tropical; Medicine, Hamburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
The presence of HIV-1 proviral DNA was determined in CD4 cells, CD8 cells and macrophages/monocytes obtained from peripheral blood of 8 HIV-1 infected persons. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) we were able to detect proviral DNA in the extracts of only 10(2)-10(3) CD4 (T4) cells. In contrast, 10(5) CD8 cells
Plasma membrane-bound 5 -nucleotidase (5 -NT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and soluble deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT) were studied in peripheral blood cells (PBMN) of 35 individuals, 26 male and 9 female, with circulating anti-HIV antibodies. Twenty-six were drug abusers, 2 were drug abusers and homosexual
J Med Virol. 1989 Aug;28(4):243-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89381716
Tremblay M; Sullivan AK; Rooke R; Geleziunas R; Tsoukas C; Shematek G; Gilmore N; Wainberg MA; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Department of; Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Infection of a newly described human T lymphoid cell line, CEM-CL10, with three different variants of HIV-1 resulted in cytopathic effects followed by cell lysis. Following primary lytic infection, proviral DNA could not be detected by Southern blot analysis in the outgrowth of the surviving CEM-CL 10 cells 60 days af
Horsburgh CR Jr; Ou CY; Jason J; Holmberg SD; Longini IM Jr; Schable C; Mayer KH; Lifson AR; Schochetman G; Ward JW; et al; AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.
To estimate the duration and frequency of the period of HIV infection without detectable antibody, modelling techniques were applied to results of detection of HIV DNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to data from cases in published reports. PCR was carried out with gag and env region primers on sam
Sixbey JW; Shirley P; Chesney PJ; Buntin DM; Resnick L; Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research; Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) type B, which was previously found mainly in equatorial Africa, was investigated with the polymerase chain reaction in a population of healthy adults in Memphis, Tennessee. EBV was detected in the throat washings of 34 (22%) of 157 randomly selected donors, 14 (41%) of whom h
Scholefield JH; Sonnex C; Talbot IC; Palmer JG; Whatrup C; Mindel A; Northover JM; Imperial Cancer Research Fund Colorectal Cancer Unit, St Mark's; Hospital, London.
This study evaluated prospectively the use of an endoscope in examination of the anal canal for the detection of premalignant lesions. All patients underwent endoscopy and anal epithelial biopsy; the biopsy samples were examined histologically and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA hybridisation was done. No evidence of a
N Engl J Med. 1989 Oct 5;321(14):917-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89384796
Leitman SF; Klein HG; Melpolder JJ; Read EJ; Esteban JI; Leonard EM; Harvath L; Shih JW; Nealon R; Foy J; et al; Department of Transfusion Medicine, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical; Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
Of 693,000 volunteer blood donors in Washington, D.C., who were screened for infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from July 1985 through December 1988, 284 tested positive on both enzyme immunoassay and Western blot assay. To determine the clinical importance of confirmed positive test results in
Hewlett IK; Ruta M; Cristiano K; Hawthorne CA; Epstein JS; Division of Blood and Blood Products, Food and Drug; Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
We have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect by co-amplification, multiple regions of the HIV-1 genome in infected cells. Genomic RNA and DNA from productively infected H9 cells were independently extracted and amplified in reactions with and without reverse transcriptase respectively using primer pairs
P R Health Sci J. 1989 Apr;8(1):95-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89387585
Kessler MJ; London WT; Madden DL; Dambrosia JM; Hilliard JK; Soike KF; Rawlins RG; Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico,; Sabana Seca 00749.
The free-ranging population of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) on Cayo Santiago was sero-surveyed for human measles, simian virus 40, B virus (Herpes simiae), rhesus cytomegalovirus , human and simian retroviruses and encephalomyocarditis virus to determine the prevalence of these v
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) binds to CD4-positive cells through interaction of its envelope glycoprotein (gp120) with the CD4 molecule. CD4 is a prominent immunoregulatory molecule, and chronic exposure to antibody against CD4 (anti-CD4) has been shown to cause immunodeficiency in mice. T cell-dependent in
Wolfs TF; de Wolf F; Breederveld C; Sjamsjoedin-Visser LJ; Roos M; Bakker M; Goudsmit J; Virology Department, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
A cohort of 180 haemophiliacs followed between 1983 and 1986 and a cohort of 961 homosexual men followed between 1984 and 1986 were compared for the prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 antibody (HIV-1-Ab) seropositivity, the incidence of AIDS-related complex (ARC) and AIDS and the prevalence and incidence of serological
Three chondroitin sulphates and five chondroitin polysulphates, with molecular weights ranging from 3000 to 30,000 daltons, were evaluated applying the MT-4 cell-culture assay for inhibition of HIV-1 replication. These results were compared with those obtained with compounds of known in vitro antiretroviral activity,
Brunt AM; Goodman AG; Phillips RH; Youle MS; Gazzard BG; Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, St. Stephen's Hospital,; London, UK.
Patients with epidemic Kaposi s sarcoma, who are often taking zidovudine, may be treated with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. Both cytotoxic chemotherapy and zidovudine are myelotoxic and we have treated 16 patients with this combination. We report an acceptable rate of anaemia, leucopaenia, thrombocytopaenia and n
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):375-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89352105
Stanley SK; Folks TM; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institutes of Health,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is often followed by a prolonged latent state, and mechanisms of maintaining latency or inducing expression from latency are active areas in AIDS research. It has been previously shown using a variety of viruses and cell systems that ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is
Lion T; Razvi N; Hutchinson MA; Golomb HM; Brownstein BH; Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, IL.
The copy number of intracellular DNA sequences can be quantitated rapidly with great sensitivity in 100 to 1,000 cells as starting material. The method applies DNA from lysed cells to a charged nylon membrane that permits successive hybridizations with probes for different genes or DNA sequences. This method was teste
Temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) is applied to analyze conformational transitions and sequence variations of nucleic acids and protein-nucleic acid interactions. A linear and highly reproducible temperature-gradient is established perpendicular or parallel to the direction of the electrophoresis. The in
Lifson JD; Engleman EG; Genelabs Incorporated, Redwood City, CA 94063.
In this report we have attempted to review our knowledge of the role(s) of CD4 in human T-cell function and the consequences of interactions between CD4 molecules and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The observation in 1981 that antibodies to certain epitopes of CD4 inhibited the immune functions of CD4+ T cell
Mathiesen T; Broliden PA; Rosen J; Wahren B; National Bacteriological Laboratory, Karolinska Institute,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Fifteen amino acid peptides, sequentially overlapping by 10 amino acids, were synthesized on the basis of the HTLV-III sequences of the gag and env proteins. They were used as antigens in IgG subclass ELISAs and T-cell stimulation assays. Sera and cells were obtained from 30 asymptomatic, HIV-infected homosexuals. In
Advani M; Imagawa DT; Lee MH; Sano K; Morales F; Mitsuyasu RT; Detels R; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance; 90509.
A cross-sectional study of 128 individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was conducted to determine the correlation of reverse transcriptase-inhibiting (RTI) antibody to clinical disease. Thirty-two individuals were studied in each of four clinical groups: asymptomatic individuals, those wi
Grief C; Hockley DJ; Fromholc CE; Kitchin PA; National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South; Mimms, Hertfordshire, U.K.
Negative staining electron microscopy was used to study sucrose gradient-purified preparations of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac251). Both isolated and aggregated virus particles were observed together with some free-lying virus cores. The cores were 110 nm long and 25 to 50 nm wide and were mainly conical
Larsson M; Hagberg L; Norkrans G; Forsman A; Department of Psychiatry III, University of Goteborg, Sweden.
Twenty-four patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were investigated for possible changes in certain indole amine constituents in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Albumin in serum was determined and used as a rough nutritional marker. Six of the 24 patients had acquired immunodeficiency syndrom
Nature. 1989 Aug 17;340(6234):571-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89365145
Cordonnier A; Montagnier L; Emerman M; Unite d'Oncologie Virale (CNRS UA 1157), Institut Pasteur,; Paris, France.
Infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is initiated by the binding of its extracellular envelope glycoprotein, gp120, to the CD4 antigen on target cells. To map the residues of the HIV-1 glycoprotein that are critical for binding and to analyse the effects of binding on viral infectivity, we created 15 mu
Grandgeorge M; Pelloquin F; Department of Research, Institut Merieux, Lyon, France.
A laboratory study was undertaken to verify the elimination and/or inactivation of the human immunodeficiency viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2 during the manufacture of placental albumin and the gammaglobulins Gamma 16 and Veinoglobuline. Nine steps of the process were selected for study. Samples of current production batches
Ann Intern Med. 1989 Oct 1;111(7):561-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89372497
Lorentsen KJ; Hendrix CW; Collins JM; Kornhauser DM; Petty BG; Klecker RW; Flexner C; Eckel RH; Lietman PS; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dextran sulfate (molecular weight, 7000 to 8000 daltons; 17% to 20% sulfur), a synthetic heparin analogue with anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity in vitro, is absorbed after oral administration. DESIGN: Open-label, single-center study in two parts. The first part was
Mizrahi V; Lazarus GM; Miles LM; Meyers CA; Debouck C; Department of Macromolecular Sciences, Smith Kline & French; Laboratories, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406.
Recombinant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) was stably overproduced as a soluble protein in Escherichia coli using a double-plasmid expression system in which an RT precursor protein was expressed and processed in vivo by HIV-1 protease produced in trans. The RT thus produced consisted of an equimolar mixture of two
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Aug 30;163(1):106-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89374208
Hopkins S; Furman PA; Painter GR; Division of Virology, Wellcome Research Laboratories, Research; Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
The Sp-isomer of thymidine 5 -O-(1-thiotriphosphate) is used as substrate by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. The absolute configuration of the internucleotide linkage in the oligonucleotide product was identified by 31p NMR spectroscopy to be the Rp-isomer, indicating that incorporation of dTTP alpha S into the oligonucl
Rivoire B; Ranchoff BJ; Chatterjee D; Gaylord H; Tsang AY; Kolk AH; Aspinall GO; Brennan PJ; Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort; Collins 80523.
Monoclonal antibodies have been generated to the unique distal sugar epitopes on the oligosaccharide haptens of the glycopeptidolipid antigens of clinically prominent members of the Mycobacterium avium serocomplex. Thus, antibodies are described that recognize the distal O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue of the
A monoclonal antibody (mAb), designated 0.5 alpha, derived from a patient with adult T-cell leukemia was found previously to neutralize the human T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic type I (HTLV-I) virus in in vitro assays and bind to the major envelope glycoprotein (gp46) of HTLV-I (Matsushita, S., Guroff, M.R., Trepel, J.,
Prasad VR; Goff SP; Department of Biochemistry, Columbia University College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
An in situ screening procedure is described that permits the detection of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity in bacterial colonies expressing the reverse transcriptase of the human immunodeficiency virus. The procedure has been applied to the isolation of rare pseudorevertants of an inactive parental mutant.
Bebenek K; Abbotts J; Roberts JD; Wilson SH; Kunkel TA; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of; Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North; Carolina 27709.
DNA-dependent DNA synthesis in vitro by human immunodeficiency virus-1 reverse transcriptase is relatively error-prone. The enzyme, whether recombinant or from virus particles, produces errors while replicating M13mp2 DNA at a rate that, if operative in vivo, would produce about five mutations per genome per round of
Carman WF; Williamson C; Cunliffe BA; Kidd AH; National Institute for Virology, University of the Witwatersrand,; Johannesburg, South Africa.
A method is described whereby rubella virus RNA was reverse transcribed and the resulting cDNA enzymatically amplified using Taq polymerase. The reactions were carried out in a single reaction vessel, with only minor modifications to the buffer conditions between the reverse transcription and the subsequent amplificat
Dopel SH; Porstmann T; Henklein P; von Baehr R; Department of Medicine, Humboldt University Berlin, G.D.R.
Peptides of HIV sequences are significant for antibody screening systems, and because of the limited number of amino acids they have to represent immunodominant regions of the virus proteins in order to maintain sensitivity. We detected, in a region of the outside loop of the transmembrane protein gp41 of the human im
Thiriart C; Francotte M; Cohen J; Collignon C; Delers A; Kummert S; Molitor C; Gilles D; Roelants P; van Wijnendaele F; et al; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Smith Kline-RIT,; Rixensart, Belgium.
Mouse mAb reactive to the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein precursor gp160 of the HTLVIII(B) isolate were characterized in radioimmunoprecipitation and immunoblot tests with the use of HTLVIII(B) isolate as Ag. The reactivities of these mAb were also measured in a capture enzyme immunoassay and in radioimmunoprecipitation
J Immunol. 1989 Oct 1;143(7):2146-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89381361
Amadori A; Zamarchi R; Ciminale V; Del Mistro A; Siervo S; Alberti A; Colombatti M; Chieco-Bianchi L; Institute of Oncology, University of Padova, Italy.
B cell activation is a well known consequence of HIV-1 infection, and seropositive subjects show high numbers of spontaneously activated Ig-secreting cells in circulation. To better define the importance of the HIV-1-specific response in this phenomenon, we first studied whether in vitro spontaneous anti-HIV-1 antibod
J Immunol. 1989 Oct 1;143(7):2193-201. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89381368
Joly P; Guillon JM; Mayaud C; Plata F; Theodorou I; Denis M; Debre P; Autran B; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, UA CNRS 0186,; Paris, France.
CTL specific for HIV have been described in lungs of infected patients at early stages of HIV disease. In order to characterize the evolution over time of HIV-specific CTL, we have analyzed the cytotoxic function and the cell surface phenotype of the alveolar lymphocytes from 41 patients at various stages of HIV disea
Rubio N; Cuesta A; Instituto Cajal, Department of Neuroimmunology, Velazquez,; Madrid, Spain.
No cross-reaction could be detected between purified myelin basic proteins (MBP) from mouse, rat or human origins and envelope proteins of viruses suspected of inducing demyelinating processes. In the experimental model using Theiler s murine encephalomyelitis virus, competition radioimmunoassay failed to detect any c
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):6925-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89386652
Dingwall C; Ernberg I; Gait MJ; Green SM; Heaphy S; Karn J; Lowe AD; Singh M; Skinner MA; Valerio R; Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology,; Cambridge, England.
tat, the trans-activator protein for human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), has been expressed in Escherichia coli from synthetic genes. Purified tat binds specifically to HIV-1 trans-activation-responsive region (TAR) RNA in gel-retardation, filter-binding, and immunoprecipitation assays. tat does not bind detectabl
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):7191-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89386706
Montefiori DC; Sobol RW Jr; Li SW; Reichenbach NL; Suhadolnik RJ; Charubala R; Pfleiderer W; Modliszewski A; Robinson WE Jr; Mitchell WM; Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, School of; Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232.
Natural antiviral activity can be mediated by the interferon-induced synthesis of 2 ,5 -oligoadenylates (2-5As) and subsequent RNase L activation by these molecules. Analogues of 2-5A that are biologically active and metabolically stable were synthesized and analyzed for antiviral activity against the human immunodefi
The plus strand of the Human T-cell Leukemia Virus RNA genome encodes proteins critical for infectivity, replication, and transformation. Thus far, gene products encoded on the minus strand of the HTLV-I provirus have not been found. We have identified several open reading frames, located between transcription start a
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