Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1989. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
Amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem treatment for disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection of beige mice.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Feb;33(2):176-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89245813 Inderlied CB; Kolonoski PT; Wu M; Young LS; Department of Pathology, University of Southern California,; Children's Hospital, Los Angeles 90027.
Abstract:
The Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is a common cause of disseminated infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is increasingly seen as a cause of infection in other immunocompromised patients. Traditional antimycobacterial therapy often is ineffective, and there is a clear need for antibiotics with proven activity against the MAC. Three agents, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem, were tested in vitro for activity against MAC strain 101. Amikacin was bacteriostatic, with an MIC of 4.8 micrograms/ml, which is significantly lower than the concentration in serum obtained with standard dosing. Imipenem and ciprofloxacin had little or no activity alone (MICs, greater than 16 and 4.7 micrograms/ml, respectively), but when they were combined with amikacin there was bactericidal activity. Each agent was tested individually and in combination by using the beige mouse model of disseminated MAC infection. There was no mortality in a group of animals infected with MAC 101 and treated with amikacin alone; also, there was a significant decrease in the infection of the blood, liver, and spleen. There was no apparent improvement in therapeutic effectiveness when amikacin was combined with the other agents. Neither ciprofloxacin nor imipenem was active as a single agent, which was consistent with the in vitro activities of these agents. Amikacin in combination with traditional antimycobacterial agents warrants further study as potential therapy for disseminated MAC infections.
Keywords: Amikacin/BLOOD/*THERAPEUTIC USE Animal Antibiotics/BLOOD/*THERAPEUTIC USE Ciprofloxacin/BLOOD/*THERAPEUTIC USE Colony Count, Microbial Female Imipenem/BLOOD/*THERAPEUTIC USE Mice Microbial Sensitivity Tests Mycobacterium avium Complex/DRUG EFFECTS Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/*DRUG THERAPY/ MICROBIOLOGY Organ Weight/DRUG EFFECTS Septicemia/DRUG THERAPY/MICROBIOLOGY Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. JOURNAL ARTICLE
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1989. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
