Pontiac, MI : SJMH, c1989 1 videocassette (20 min.) : sd., col. with b&w ; 3/4 in. + 1 guide (A Lippincott professional development series) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE AV/8900896A
Atlanta, Ga. : Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, [1987] 74 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8911774
Philadelphia, PA (1601 N. Broad St., Philadelphia 19122) : Institute for Survey Research, Temple University, c1988 104, [2], 18, [3], 2 p. : ill Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8910517
Philadelphia, PA (3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia 19104-6218) : Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, c1988 42 leaves Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8910538
Philadelphia, PA : Philadelphia Commission on AIDS and the Greater Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce, c1988 1 v. (various pagings) Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8910562
Philadelphia, PA (3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia 19104-6218) : Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, c1988 45, [32] p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8910791
Philadelphia, Pa. : [available from] Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, [1988] 39 leaves Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8910822
Philadelphia, PA (3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia 19104-6218) : Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, c1988 55, [19] p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8910847
Pacific of AIDS and Other Human Retroviral Infections and Hepatitis B Manila, Philippines : Printed and distributed by the Regional Office, [1988] 25 p Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8910848
Philadelphia, Pa. (3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia 19104-6218) : Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, c1988 13 leaves Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE CAT/8911798
Wessel HB; Zitelli BJ; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh,; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213.
A 15-year-old boy is described with myasthenia gravis, hemophilia A, positive HTLV-III serology, antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies, and laboratory evidence of altered cell-mediated immunity. Treatment with pyridostigmine produced dramatic clinical improvement. The results of this patient raise the possib
Sakitani M; Nakamura M; Fujii M; Sugamura K; Hinuma Y; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
The expression of transcripts of the c-myb and c-myc protooncogenes and the interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) gene in human T cells infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) after exposure to interleukin 2 (IL-2) were examined. Infection with HTLV-1 is known to be associated with constitutive expression o
Dolezal J; Hraba T; Institute of Information Theory and Automation, Czechoslovak; Academy of Sciences, Praha.
Our experimental model of immunological tolerance to non-reproducing antigens is based on the assumption that tolerance is caused by elimination or irreversible inactivation of lymphocytes reacting specifically with the tolerance inducing antigen, and that recovery from tolerance is due to the spontaneous maturation f
Cusini M; Zerboni R; Muratori S; Monti M; Alessi E; First Clinic of Dermatology, University of Milan, Italy.
A homosexual male, seropositive to HIV and with previously documented syphilitic infections, developed a slowly growing nodule on his left wrist (possibly a chancre) followed, after 2 months, by a few scattered, large papular lesions. Serological evidence of active syphilis was obtained and treponema were identified i
Gene. 1988 Dec 10;72(1-2):343-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89211930
Matsukura M; Zon G; Shinozuka K; Stein CA; Mitsuya H; Cohen JS; Broder S; Clinical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; MD 20892.
Nuclease-resistant phosphorothioate analogues of oligodeoxynucleotides (oligos) were synthesized by sulfurization of either internucleoside phosphite linkages, in a repetitive manner during chain extension, or internucleoside hydrogen phosphonate linkages, in a single step following chain assembly. These analogues wer
Ochsendorf FR; Schofer H; Runne U; Milbradt R; Zentrum der Dermatologie und Venerologie, Klinikum der J.W.; Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt/Main.
Oral hairy leukoplakia was treated in six patients with (a) acyclovir (i.v. or p.o.), (b) 0.1% vitamin-A acid solution or (c) human beta-interferon-gel (10(5) I.E./g) in a total of 23 therapeutic courses. In 5/6 patients, acyclovir (7.5 mg/kg every 8 h i.v. or 5 x 400 mg p.o. ov
Holazo AA; Winkler MB; Patel IH; Department of Drug Metabolism, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley,; New Jersey 07110.
The effects of age, gender and low-dose (50 mcg or less) oral contraceptive steroids (OCS) on the pharmacokinetics of midazolam were evaluated following a single 7.5 mg intramuscular dose to five groups (8/group) of healthy volunteers consisting of young males, young females, elderly males, elderly females, and young
Serological screening for HIV infection revealed the presence of antibodies to HIV in 26 Soviet citizens and 200 foreigners from 33 countries. Among the Soviet citizens, the risk factors were homosexual relations with homosexual partners (3 men), homosexual and heterosexual relations with partners found to be HIV carr
Two cases of the transfer of HIV infection are described: a child got HIV infection through breast feeding from the mother infected with HIV as the result of blood transfusion made 2 weeks after the birth of the child and 2 men were infected with HIV as the result of sexual relations with a woman found to be a HIV car
A retrospective analysis of the cost of hospital care related to AIDS was undertaken at Henri Mondor hospital, Creteil, to prepare the hospital budget for 1988. Eight representative cases of the type of medical care were thoroughly evaluated with inventories of all direct expenses (medico-technical, pharmaceutical, ac
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1988;139(7):508-10. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226753
Chevallier J; Vidal-Trecan G; Service d'Epidemiologie, Assistance publique-Hopitaux de Paris.
The evolution of the number of patients with the AIDS virus admitted to the Paris hospitals is monitored by two index systems, one based on the discharge diagnosis and the other a transverse inquiry on a given day, updated every three months since its conception at the beginning of 1986. This index also allows an eval
Drake TA; Herron RM Jr; Hindler JA; Berlin OG; Bruckner DA; Department of Pathology, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1732.
Mycobacterium avium complex isolates from 27 patients without AIDS and from 76 patients with AIDS were analyzed with the Gen-Probe Rapid Diagnostic System for Mycobacterium avium complex, and a retrospective chart review was performed to determine clinical significance of the isolates. While 87% of isolates from AIDS
Miller SE; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University; Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Strongyloides stercoralis, the only helminthic parasite that can complete its life cycle in the human host, is also the only helminthic parasite that has been reported with any frequency in AIDS patients. Symptoms include hives, skin eruptions, abdominal pain, perianal pruitis, diarrhea, and pneumonitis. Diagnosis is
NIPH Ann. 1988 Dec;11(2):53-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89239144
Jenum P; Department of Virology, National Institute of Public Health,; Oslo.
Routine anti-HIV screening of 36,053 sera from pregnant women in South-Eastern Norway yielded four (0.011%) true positive individuals. Three of these were known to be HIV-infected before pregnancy. In addition 23 women (0.064%) gave false positive results. Fifty (0.14%) women activ
Savitskii GI; Zhilina NN; Alekseeva IL; Morgunov KV; Shumai EP
Changes in subpopulations of OKT 3, OKT 4, OKT 8, HNK-I, B-IgM, and B-IgG-producing lymphocytes in carriers of HIV antibodies were studied. A decrease in OKT 4 helpers/inducers, an increase in OKT 8-suppressors of cytotoxic cells, HNK-I, Ia-positive and B-IgM-producing lymphocytes was demonstrated. The ratio of OKT 4/
Martinez Valverde A; Garcia Martin F; Bueno Sanchez A; Galan Xarrier M; Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital Materno-Infantil H. R.; Carlos Haya, Malaga.
Ohno T; Kanoh T; Uchino H; Harada S; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto; University.
Relatively low dose treatment (150 mg/kg, once per two weeks) of a intravenous immunoglobulin (IVI) preparation has shown a beneficial effect on CD4/CD8 ratio and CD4 cell counts in two patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC). Since ARC generally progresses to AIDS with a marked reduction of CD4 cells or a marked inv
Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1988;139 Suppl 1:46-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89245606
Sobel A; Chevalier A; Picard C; Norol F; Schaeffer A; Unite d'Immunopathologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier; Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Creteil.
Plasma exchange was used in three cases of peripheral neuropathy of polyradiculoneuritis type in patients with AIDS. The neurologic lesion in the first case was due to a cytomegalovirus , and plasma exchange appeared to provide addi
Boll Ist Sieroter Milan. 1988;67(3):177-96. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89207176
Clerici M; Villa ML; Clerici E; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
The F1 hybrid transplantation law states that F1 hybrids of two unrelated inbred strains of mice accept grafts from either parent strain while neither parent accept grafts from the F1 hybrid. However, there are two notable exceptions to this law. Indeed, parent grafts containing immunologically competent cells (spleen
Perfect JR; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina 27710.
This review examines an important bacterial infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Despite occasional infections with bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella, and Nocardia in patients with AIDS, the primary problems of AIDS and invading bacterial infections center
Cairns MR; Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Defects in cell-mediated immunity caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) render AIDS patients particularly susceptible to fungal pathogens. Signs and symptoms of serious infection may be nonspecific, and early diagnosis and institution of antifungal therapy is essential to decrease morbidity a
Tucker JA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; North Carolina 27710.
Malignancies frequently arise in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), including those patients classified as having the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Currently, Kaposi s sarcoma and certain types of lymphoma are considered to develop as a result of HIV infection, and other cancers ha
Gonda MA; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Structure, National Cancer; Institute-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Maryland 21701.
A novel human lymphotropic virus capable of crippling the immune system by infecting and destroying T4 antigen-positive cells is now known to be the etiologic agent of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The AIDS or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) belongs to a family of RNA viruses called retroviruses.
Sun T; Teichberg S; Department of Laboratories, North Shore University Hospital,; Manhasset, New York 11030.
Several protozoa have emerged as the major opportunistic infections and cause of death in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the leading cause of death in AIDS patients. Electron microscopy (EM) usually shows numerous trophozoites and cysts of Pneumocystis fillin
Serum beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2-M) levels were determined in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), AIDS Related Complex (ARC), Persistent Generalized Lymphadenopathy (PGL), healthy intravenous drug addicts (IVDA) and heterosexual controls. Seventy-eight out of 79 AIDS patients (98.7%) exhibited e
McClure JE; Shearer WT; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; 77030.
The development of a non-competitive, solid-phase radioimmunoassay for quantitating anti-actin antibody is described. Anti-actin antibody was captured on BSA-coated microspheres of polystyrene to which a synthetic peptide representing the fifteen amino acid N-terminus of human beta-actin was covalently attached. A rab
Bukrinskii MI; Zlobin AIu; Arakelov SA; Popov SA; Chaplinskas SA
A recombinant antigen produced in CV-I cells infected with vaccinia virus vC5 carrying the HIV-I gag gene was used to test sera. This antigen (rp50) reacted with 95 serum specimens shown to have anticore antibodies by immunoblot based on natural HIV antigens. Six sera from blood donors positive in ELISA contained anti
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1988;546:164-74. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89245630
Rosenberg ZF; Fauci AS; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda,; Maryland.
Infection with HIV can result in a complex array of immunopathogenic effects. HIV infection involves both a direct quantitative depletion of T4 lymphocytes as well as an indirect qualitative effect on the function of several types of immune effector cells. The combination of T4-cell destruction and functional abnormal
Soriano E; Mallolas J; Gatell JM; Latorre X; Miro JM; Pecchiar M; Mensa J; Trilla A; Moreno A; Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of; Barcelona, Spain.
To test the hypothesis that HIV infection can modify the clinical characteristics of tuberculosis, 65 consecutive cases of tuberculosis in HIV-seropositive patients diagnosed in Barcelona ( Spain ) were compared with 65 HIV-seronegative controls matched for age and sex. Thirty of the
Cowan MJ; Walker C; Culver K; Weintrub PS; Wara DW; Levy JA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco; 94143.
We evaluated 16 children at high risk for AIDS because of mothers infected with HIV. Two children were persistently seropositive and had laboratory and clinical evidence of HIV infection but had no detectable infectious HIV in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Seven children, all of whom had clinical an
Waite J; Gilson RJ; Weller IV; Lacey CJ; Hambling MH; Hawkins A; Briggs M; Tedder RS; Department of Medical Microbiology, University College and; Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK.
Following acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, most individuals develop antibodies to HBV surface (anti-HBs) and core antigen (anti-HBc). Prevalence studies have shown that 10-18% develop anti-HBc in the absence of detectable anti-HBs. We report four such cases, all with persistence of serum anti-HBc, who had evid
Sinclair AL; Habeshaw JA; Muir L; Chandler P; Forster S; Cruickshank K; Dalgleish AG; Clinical Research Centre, Retroviral Research Group, Harrow,; Middlesex, UK.
This study confirms the presence of detectable antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards both HTLV-I- and HIV-1-infected cell lines, mediated by normal donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells and either by antibody from adult T-cell lymphoma and tropical spastic paraparesis patients (HTLV-I) or by
Woo JM; Rutherford GW; Payne SF; Barnhart JL; Lemp GF; AIDS Office, Department of Public Health, City and County of San; Francisco, California 94103.
To evaluate the epidemiology of HIV infection in Asian and Pacific Islander populations in San Francisco, we compared cases of AIDS reported in Asians and Pacific Islanders with those reported in other racial and ethnic groups. The incidence of AIDS in Asians and Pacific Islanders was significantly lower than in White
In a multicenter collaborative study a new second-generation HIV-1 antibody enzyme immunoassay (Abbott recombinant HIV-1 EIA) using Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant p24 and p41 proteins as solid-phase antigens was compared with the first-generation H9 cell-line-based Abbott HIV-1 EIA. The results of the confirma
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines 1-23 with lipophilic substitution in the benzylic moiety were synthesized by the morpholino-anilino-procedure. Their effects against various mycobacteria were verified by MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) in whole cells and I50-measurements in whole cell and cell-free systems. Espe
Gringeri A; Mannucci PM; Fondazione dell'Emofilia, Milano.
Since 1983, the Medical-Scientific Committee of the Fondazione dell Emofilia has carried out annual national surveys of patients with hemophilia and other congenital bleeding disorders to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and related diseases. Clinical syndrome
Gody M; Ouattara SA; de The G; Protestant Hospital, Dabou, Ivory Coast.
A dramatic rise in AIDS cases in a rural hospital 60 km west of Abidjan is described. Out of 212 adult cases diagnosed between January and November 1987 as having AIDS, using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria defined in Bangui, 128 (60%) had antibodies to HIV-1 only, 61 (29%
Gene. 1988 Dec 10;72(1-2):333-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89211929
Stein CA; Mori K; Loke SL; Subasinghe C; Shinozuka K; Cohen JS; Neckers LM; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Certain phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide (S-oligo) analogs, unlike their normal congeners, have been found to exhibit significant anti-HIV activity [Matsukura et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84 (1987) 7706-7710]. Here we report melting temperatures (Tm) of a series of S-oligos compared with those of the corres
Miyatake S; Seiki M; Yoshida M; Arai K; Department of Molecular Biology, DNAX Research Institute of; Molecular and Cellular Biology, Palo Alto, California 94304-1104.
Activation of T cells by an antigen, a mitogen, or a combination of a phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate [TPA]) and a calcium ionophore (A23187) leads to induction of a set of lymphokine genes. Treatment of human T-cell leukemia line Jurkat by a mitogen or p40x, a transactivator protein encoded by hum
Palmer E; Goldsmith CS; Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; Georgia 30333.
We compared the ultrastructure of the human retroviruses by thin-section electron microscopy of infected lymphocytes. Virus particles form at the plasma membrane without involvement of a cytoplasmic precursor. Budding forms of human T-cell leukemia virus types I and II (HTLV-I and -II) consist of a crescent-shaped nuc
Miller SE; Howell DN; Department of Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center,; Durham, North Carolina 27710.
The following communication is a tripartite synopsis of the role of viral infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The first section describes the impact of viral opportunistic infection in AIDS; for each virus, clinical presentation and diagnosis, laboratory diagnostic approaches (with emphasis on
Picken RN; Tsang AY; Yang HL; Enzo Biochem, Inc., New York, NY 10013.
A DNA probe which hybridizes to all pathogenic species of slow-growing mycobacteria has been used to identify restriction-fragment-length-polymorphisms (RFLPs) in Bam Hl digests of chromosomal DNA from members of the Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare-Mycobacterium scrofulaceum complex. The RFLP patterns
Silva JA; Leong GB; Weinstock R; School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles.
The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) crisis has raised many clinical and forensic dilemmas for the health-care system. Psychiatrists may encounter particular problems when evaluating and treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. The authors present a case of an HIV seropositive, bipolar,
Can Nurse. 1989 Apr;85(4):27-33. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89208535
Lanctot L
Lise Lanctot, who has a master s degree in nursing and a diploma from the high-ranking Ecole nationale d administration, is the executive director of the Montreal AIDS Support Committee (its French initials are CSAM). This private organization focuses on advocacy and community health, offers services to people with AI
Bull World Health Organ. 1989;67(1):1-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89209081
Chin J; Mann J
The short-term forecasting of future AIDS cases has been attempted by statistical extrapolations of the observed curve of reported AIDS cases. In areas where such reporting is very incomplete or has only recently started, extrapolation is not possible and an epidemiologically-based forecasting model has been developed
Bull World Health Organ. 1989;67(1):85-91. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89209091
Goldberg HI; Lee NC; Oberle MW; Peterson HB
Apart from sexual abstinence and monogamous relationships between uninfected partners, the use of condoms is currently the only effective means available for preventing sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Worldwide data on people s knowledge about condoms and their use have not previou
Rhodes RH; Ward JM; Cowan RP; Moore PT; Department of Pathology, University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Some patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have long-tract degeneration in the spinal cord. Spinal-cord sections showing degeneration were immunoreactive in 13 of 17 AIDS patients using rabbit antiserum to whole disrupted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or a mouse monoclonal antibody to HIV co
Kure K; Harris C; Morin LS; Dickson DW; Department of Pathology (Neuropathology) Albert Einstein College; of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.
Toxoplasmosis, one of the most common central nervous system lesions in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), has not been reported as a solitary lesion in the brainstem. This report describes a patient with AIDS that presented with third cranial nerve palsy and contralateral cerebellar signs, w
Muklwala EC; Banda J; Siziya S; Atenyi J; Fleming AF; Higgs DR; Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Ndola, Zambia.
The umbilical cord blood from 109 consecutive Zambian neonates (excluding those found to be anti-HIV positive) were analysed for haemoglobin (Hb) Bart s and for alpha thalassaemia by restriction endonuclease analysis. This showed that 52.3% had the genotype alpha alpha/alpha alpha, 38.5% had -alpha 3.7/alpha alpha, 7.
Shoji H; Kuwasaki N; Natori H; Kaji M; Miyamoto Y; Usuku K; Sonoda S; Osame M; First Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School; of Medicine, Japan.
Familial cases of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) and adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), developing in a daughter and father, respectively, are reported. The coexistence of both diseases in a family has not been reported before. This supports the recent findings that ATL and HAM may be brought about by an identical virus
Manca N; Caruso A; Bonfanti C; Savoldi E; Li Vigni R; Pirali F; Sapelli PL; Turano A; Istituto di Microbiologia, Universita di Brescia, Italy.
Sera of 1023 subjects belonging to categories at risk for AIDS, positive for HIV-1, were tested for antibodies to human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1) by ELISA, Western blotting, and radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Sera of these subjects were positive for antibodies to HTLV-1 in a percentage of 18.54%. Nine out
Chiodi F; Biberfeld G; Parks E; Norrby E; Mufson M; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, School of Medicine,; Stockholm, Sweden.
Antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) were investigated, using site-directed enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), in 320 specimens obtained from three remote, African tribes during 1969-1971. Using HIV-1 E34/E32 ELISA and HIV-2 149 ELISA, assay were conducted on 101 serum specimens from t
Health Soc Work. 1989 Feb;14(1):41-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89212252
Mantell JE; Shulman LC; Belmont MF; Spivak HB; New York City Department of Health, Division of AIDS Program; Services, NY 10013.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has had dramatic effects on hospital staff, particularly social workers. However, little documentation exists of how hospitals and their social work departments have responded to the myriad needs of people with human immunodeficiency virus-related conditions. Patterns of soci
Muntz HR; Lusk RP; Chura M; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, St Louis Children's; Hospital, Washington University Medical Center, MO 63110.
With the increasing awareness and concern over the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to health care providers, the development of a reasonable approach to patient care is necessary with those suspected of or documented as being HIV-positive. Children are all too frequently the innocent victims of this
Int Nurs Rev. 1989 Mar-Apr;36(2):57-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89213255
Jordan KS; Section of Emergency Medicine, University of California Irvine; Medical Center.
It is difficult to describe a typical clinical picture of a person with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is seen in the emergency department. The clinical course and the early clinical manifestations that lead to the initial diagnosis of AIDS vary greatly. Variability is the rule, because the patient with
Fultz PN; McClure HM; Swenson RB; Anderson DC; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Ga.30322.
Following inoculation of chimpanzees, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) establishes a long-term persistent infection characterized by seroconversion and the presence in peripheral blood cells of recoverable virus which can be quantitated. Because most HIV-infected chimpanzees have developed no signs of clinical d
Dormont D; Livartowski J; Chamaret S; Guetard D; Henin D; Levagueresse R; van de Moortelle PF; Larke B; Gourmelon P; Vazeux R; et al; Centre de Recherche du Service de Sante des Armees,; Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
Diseases induced by animal retroviruses are not considered to be good models for the human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at present. The lack of an animal model for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presents a main problem in the complete understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV-mediated dis
Hammond J; Ward CG; Department of Surgery, University of Miami, FL 33101.
Although the risk of nosocomial transmission of human immunodeficiency virus remains low, burn center personnel may be at greater risk. Approximately 10% of burn patients admitted to an urban center were found to be positive to the human immunodeficiency virus, consistent with other findings of increased prevalence in
A study was undertaken to determine the difference in knowledge and attitudes about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in nursing and nonnursing groups, and to determine the effect that knowledge acquisition would have on attitudes about AIDS. The total study population consisted of 60 registered nurses, 50 bac
Mok JY; Hague RA; Taylor RF; Brettle RP; Hargreaves FD; Inglis JM; Yap PL; City Hospital, Edinburgh, U.K.
Increasing numbers of children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody-positive women are being identified, but guidelines as to their management are lacking. We have therefore established a paediatric counselling and screening clinic for managing such children in Edinburgh. During a period of 3 years, 49
Ribera E; Ocana I; Almirante B; Gomez J; Monreal P; Martinez Vazquez JM; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Valle de; Hebron, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
We report on two patients with acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, who developed an infectious mononucleosis-like clinical episode with thrombocytopenia and granulocytopenia. In both cases we detected the presence of IgG antigranulocyte antibodies and in one case the presence of IgG, IgM and IgA antipl
Int J Colorectal Dis. 1989;4(1):57-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89215543
Buchmann P; Seefeld U; Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
We report a patient with haemorrhoids treated with rubber band ligation who developed a huge supralevator abscess. A diverting sigmoidostomy had to be established as surgical drainage via the rectum was not adequate. Eventually the patient accepted the HIV-testing which proved positive. Six months later the sigmoidost
Kaiser R; Dorries R; Luer W; Poser S; Pohle HD; Felgenhauer K; ter Meulen V; Institut fur Virologie und Immunobiologie, Universitat; Wurzburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Intrathecal antibody responses to HIV were investigated by a highly sensitive immunoblot assay. Serum and CSF specimens were tested for reactivity with the recombinant HIV gag proteins p15, p17 and p24 and with the recombinant transmembrane protein p41. Autochthonous production of virus-specific IgG to one or more HIV
Cooper JS; Steinfeld AD; Lerch IA; Division of Radiation Oncology, NYU Medical Center, NY 10016.
The response to radiotherapy of epidemic Kaposi s sarcoma (EKS) is unusual in that irradiated regions are frequently left with a persistent purple stain, reminiscent of the color of the original tumor, but with no tumor mass. To date there are no published data to indicate whether the persistence of pigmentation can b
J Public Health Dent. 1989 Spring;49(2):87-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89216759
Sandler BH; Harwood SE; Thurber CH; Infante PF; Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Department of; Labor, Washington, DC 20210.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is in the process of developing a health standard to protect workers by reducing occupational exposure to hepatitis B virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and other bloodborne pathogens. This article reviews the history of the standard, the steps involved in OSH
In contrast to the published data on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in parenteral drug abusers, there is a paucity of data on prison inmates and virtually none on psychiatric inpatients. Because our facility serves each of these patients groups, we designed an anonymous seroprevalance study. We tested 1,
De Mercato R; Siciliano V; Noce S; D'Ambrosio C; Rovito G; Perna E; Iovinella V; Bassi A
In order to investigate the clinical oral manifestations associated with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related conditions, 922 male subjects were studied in a closed community (inmates). 669 were drug-abusers, 24 homosexual or bisexual men, 86 drug-abusers and homosexual or bisexual men, 143 witho
N Engl J Med. 1989 May 4;320(18):1172-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89219198
Cohen ND; Munoz A; Reitz BA; Ness PK; Frazier OH; Yawn DH; Lee H; Blattner W; Donahue JG; Nelson KE; et al; Department of Veterinary Public Health, Texas A&M College of; Veterinary Medicine, College Station.
We determined the rates of seroconversion to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell leukemia virus Type I (HTLV-I) in a cohort of patients receiving transfusions of blood components screened for antibody to HIV-1. Preoperative and postoperative serum samples were collected from 4163 adults underg
A survey was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitudes of 67 preschool and children s directors of the Southern Baptist Convention of Texas during a statewide meeting on AIDS. Data on church policies regarding AIDS and AIDS education were also obtained from the participants.
Res Virol. 1989 Jan-Feb;140(1):15-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89221956
Belec L; Peghini M; Georges AJ; Barabe P; Martin PM; Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Dakar.
In order to study the local immune response to HIV2, three exclusively heterosexual, infected West African patients were selected: one male with full blown AIDS, one female with ARC and one healthy HIV2-carrier female. Sera and genital secretions were obtained and tested for anti-HIV2 IgG and IgA antibodies by Western
Lui KJ; Rudy RK; Biometrics Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA; 30333.
In a dynamic, fluctuating surveillance system, the time lag of case reporting often causes an artificial plateau in an epidemic curve. Arbitrarily ignoring data reported in the most recent period to avoid this bias causes the loss of valuable information. In this report, we propose an application of a mathematical mod
Rees M; John Hunter Clinic, St Stephen's Hospital, London, U.K.
The paper outlines a theory of the AIDS epidemic based on assumptions regarding the changes in infectiousness over the life cycle of the disease. It proposes a short initial period of infectiousness, followed by a long dormant period, which is in turn succeeded by another period of infectiousness, longer than the firs
Wilson D; Greenspan R; Wilson C; Psychology Department, University of Zimbabwe, Harare.
Knowledge about AIDS and self-reported sexual behaviour was studied among 1532 (893 male, 633 female) Zimbabwean secondary school pupils drawn from 12 schools. Most subjects knew that AIDS is fatal and incurable. However, over 40% of subjects believed that most people with AIDS in Africa are homosexual. Over 40% of re
S Afr Med J. 1989 Apr 15;75(8):381-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89222660
Martin DJ; Tilley JF; Smith AN; Schoub BD; Department of Virology, University of the Witwatersrand,; Johannesburg.
In March 1987 a clinic under the auspices of the South African Medical Research Council s AIDS Research Unit was established. In the first year of its existence certain issues were identified. These are discussed and a model for future clinics is proposed.
Lee B; Tanaka Y; Tozawa H; Department of Immunology, School of Hygienic Sciences, Kitasato; University, Kanagawa, Japan.
We prepared a monoclonal antibody (MAb), Lt-4, which recognizes a tax protein expressed in HTLV-I-infected cells. Indirect immunofluorescence staining showed that the antigen recognized by Lt-4 MAb located mainly in the nuclei of HTLV-I-infected T cell lines such as HUT102, TCL-As2, MT-1 and MT-2, and also weakly in t
Tumori. 1989 Feb 28;75(1):12-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89223816
Rotoli M; Zamparelli F; Nardi M; Cerimele D; Istituto di Clinica Dermosifilopatica, Universita Cattolica del; Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
A case is reported of HIV-related Kaposi s sarcoma of the skin which occurred on a traumatized area. Such a case has not been previously described. The probable pathogenetic role of vasal growth factors produced by platelets, macrophages and lymphocytes is emphasized.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1989 Mar 20;151(12):775-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89223847
Petersen CS; Weismann K
On the basis of two cases of acute HIV infection, diagnosed in two patients who only employed safe sex, HIV-infection prophylaxis in the high and low risk groups is discussed.
Rosenhall U; Hakansson C; Lowhagen GB; Hanner P; Jonsson-Ehk B; Department of Audiology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgren's; Hospital, Sweden.
Twenty-four male patients, all homosexual except one, with asymptomatic HIV-infection were studied. The patients had no signs of opportunistic CNS-infections but 6 had been treated for syphilis. The patients were tested with auditory brainstem response (ABR) audiometry and with oculomotor tests (saccades and smooth pu
Jara Rascon J; Herranz Amo F; Saiz Carrero A; Diez Cordero JM; Moncada Iribarren I; Hernandez Fernandez C; Verdu Tartajo F
Tuberculosis is being described as a highly associated entity with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in countries or geographical areas where this entity is endemic, even becoming its first clinical manifestation. Two cases of prostatic abscess are presented in patients with anti-HIV antibodies, who are pa
Am J Med. 1989 May;86(5):521-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89225890
Cohn JA; McMeeking A; Cohen W; Jacobs J; Holzman RS; Department of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, New; York.
PURPOSE: This study was designed to measure response rates and survival in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and suspected Toxoplasma encephalitis treated empirically and in AIDS patients treated for biopsy-proven toxoplasmosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: AIDS patients identified at Bellevue Hospital
Am J Med. 1989 May;86(5):528-32. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89225891
Engstrom JW; Lowenstein DH; Bredesen DE; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco; 94143.
PURPOSE: Little information is available concerning the clinical importance of cerebral infarction in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The purpose of this retrospective study was two-fold: (1) to determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of cerebral infarction and transient neurologi
Am J Med. 1989 May;86(5):539-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89225893
Cello JP; Gastroenterology Division, San Francisco General Hospital,; California 94110.
PURPOSE: Reports of biliary tract abnormalities in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are infrequent. Nine patients with features of papillary stenosis and sclerosing cholangitis and one patient with primary bile duct lymphoma were previously described. Since those reports, an additional 16 AIDS p
Am J Med. 1989 May;86(5):575-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89225899
Thurn J; Willenbring K; Crossley K; Department of Medicine, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, Minnesota; 55101.
Because little is known about needlestick injury and needle disposal in non-hospital settings, we surveyed physicians offices in Minnesota. Recapping of needles was frequent (51.1%, 72 of 141) and injuries had occurred during the past year in 44.0% of offices. When of known cause, needlesticks were most common during
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1989 Apr;40(4):399-409. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226113
Lo SC; Wang RY; Newton PB 3d; Yang NY; Sonoda MA; Shih JW; Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Pathology, Armed; Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC.
Four silvered leaf monkeys, inoculated with a virus-like infectious agent (VLIA) derived from transformed NIH/3T3 cells (sb51) transfected with Kaposi s sarcoma DNA of an AIDS patient, showed wasting syndromes and died in 7-9 months. Two monkeys had a transient lymphadenopathy in earlier stages. Two moribund animals s
Am J Dermatopathol. 1989 Apr;11(2):177-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226230
Axiotis CA; Schwartz R; Jennings TA; Glaser N; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,; Bronx, New York.
We report multifocal cutaneous and mucosal vascular proliferations with the clinical and histological features of lobular capillary hemangioma and histiocytoid hemangioma in a 32-year-old acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient. The lesions resolved subsequent to erythromycin therapy.
Kavesh NG; Holzman RS; Seidlin M; Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine,; NY 10016.
Eight patients being treated for tuberculosis prior to starting azidothymidine therapy (study group) were compared with 56 patients who were treated with azidothymidine but not with antimycobacterial agents (control group). Toxicity was assessed 12 wk after the initiation of treatment with azidothymidine. Study group
Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1989 Jan;18(1):19-21. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226939
Lee L; Yong LS; Tan A; Training & Health Education Department, Ministry of Health,; Singapore.
A survey conducted in September 1987 among medical doctors and dental surgeons in Singapore found that most respondents expressed personal reservations and inadequacies in dealing with AIDS/HIV-positive patients and homosexuals. They were also concerned about exposure of their s
Liautaud B; Pape JW; DeHovitz JA; Thomas F; LaRoche AC; Verdier RI; Deschamps MM; Johnson WD; Haitian Study Group on Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic; Infection, Port-au-Prince.
During July 1983 to December 1984, we observed that 62 (46%) of 134 Haitian patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome had intensely pruritic eruptions for which neither specific causative nor categoric diagnoses could be established. These lesions were a presenting manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syn
Mehta K; Pawel BR; Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of; New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103-2757.
We report a case of perianal non-Hodgkin s lymphoma that presented as a perianal abscess in an otherwise asymptomatic intravenous drug abuser who tested positively for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Extranodal lymphoma of the anal canal is a very rare event, which has rece
Yonenaga Y; Arimura K; Suehara M; Arimura Y; Osame M; Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,; Kagoshima University, Japan.
Thirty-six patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy were studied by electroencephalogram. Twenty-two of 36 patients showed mild to moderate electroencephalographic abnormalities, ranging from poor organization or slowing of the background activity to theta bursts and/or spike
Aust Nurses J. 1989 Apr;18(9):8-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89227844
Kermode M
Nursing personnel, as front-line health care providers working directly with individuals infected with HIV, their families, and their community, are presented with a challenge that requires unprecedented creativity, energy and resources. The extent to which nursing personnel are willing and able to meet this challenge
Frank Y; Lim W; Kahn E; Farmer P; Gorey M; Pahwa S; Department of Neurology, North Shore University Hospital,; Manhasset, NY 11030.
A 4 1/2-year-old girl with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and prolonged varicella zoster virus skin infection developed multiple ischemic strokes and radiologic and histopathologic evidence of central nervous system vasculitis. Typical features of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome encephalitis were not present an
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):121-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228766
Srinivasan A; York D; Butler D Jr; Jannoun-Nasr R; Getchell J; McCormick J; Ou CY; Myers G; Smith T; Chen E; et al; Retrovirus Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (Z321 designate, HIV-1Z321), the oldest known HIV, was isolated from a serum sample collected in Zaire in 1976 and was molecularly cloned. Restriction enzyme analysis of unintegrated viral DNA revealed the presence of conserved restriction enzym
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):131-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228767
Okamoto T; Matsuyama T; Mori S; Hamamoto Y; Kobayashi N; Yamamoto N; Josephs SF; Wong-Staal F; Shimotohno K; Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute,; Tokyo, Japan.
It is now well established that cytokines are involved in the regulation of gene expression from HIV-1 LTR. The present study provides evidence that TNF-alpha stimulates HIV-1 gene expression and that the enhancer sequence within the HIV-1 LTR is involved in the stimulation. These results support the idea that immunol
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):147-57. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228769
Rautmann G; Kieny MP; Brandely R; Dott K; Girard M; Montagnier L; Lecocq JP; Transgene S.A., Strasbourg, France.
The sequences encoding the core proteins p55, p25, and p18 of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) have been inserted into the vaccinia virus genome. Infection of cultured cells with the live recombinant viruses led to the expression of proteins that were recognized by sera from HIV-seropositive individuals. Immun
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope gene was expressed in large-scale microcarrier cultures of Vero cells using a system involving coinfection with two recombinant vaccinia viruses. One recombinant contained the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase gene under control of a vaccinia virus promoter. The second c
The ability of papaverine to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in H9 cell line and in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture was examined. HIV-infected H9 cells were exposed to different concentrations of papaverine for 20 days. Reverse transcriptase (RT) activity and the presence of p24
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):233-45. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228777
Morrow WJ; Homsy J; Eichberg JW; Krowka J; Pan LZ; Gaston I; Legg H; Lerche N; Thomas J; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
Baboons, rhesus monkeys, and chimpanzees were injected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and monitored for up to 4 years. Various immunosuppressive regimens were used during this time in attempts to induce development of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). No infectious virus was recovered or ant
Blood. 1989 May 1;73(6):1664-71. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89229398
Shirono K; Hattori T; Hata H; Nishimura H; Takatsuki K; Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University; Medical School, Japan.
The expression of activated cell antigens (Ags) on adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cells at different clinical stages (acute, chronic, and smoldering), and ATL cells from enlarged lymph nodes were studied using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). The expressions of CD25 (Tac), CD28, T9 (transferrin receptor), and Ki-67 (prolif
Cancer Nurs. 1989 Feb;12(1):1-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89230249
Grady C
The epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and all of its consequences has had a significant impact on our society and on the delivery of health care. This article explores the impact that HIV infection and AIDS has had on professional nursing practice. The risk of occupational exposure, the question
Rene E; Marche C; Regnier B; Saimot AG; Vilde JL; Perrone C; Michon C; Wolf M; Chevalier T; Vallot T; et al; Department of Gastroenterology, Bichat Hospital, Paris, France.
We studied prospectively 132 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome to define the spectrum of enteric pathogens during this disease, with special reference to the correlation between the lesions, the infections, and the symptoms. Forty-four percent of the patients harbored at least one enteric pathogen: the
Ethiop Med J. 1989 Apr;27(2):89-90. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89231651
Tekle F; Ayehunie S; Zewdie D
In this communication Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositivity is described in a 40-day-old Ethiopian child born to parents infected with HIV-I.
Kenney AM; Guardado S; Brown L; Alan Guttmacher Institute.
Four-fifths of the states either require or encourage the teaching of sex education in the public schools, and nearly nine in 10 large school districts across the United States support such instruction. All but four states and virtually every large school district support the provision
Forrest JD; Silverman J; Alan Guttmacher Institute.
Ninety-three percent of public school teachers in five specialties-biology, health education, home economics, physical education and school nursing--who teach grades 7-12 report that their schools offer sex education or AIDS education in some form. Almost all the teachers believe that a wide range of topics related to
Gremse DA; Bucuvalas JC; Bongiovanni GL; Children's Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati; College of Medicine, Ohio.
Sclerosing cholangitis, an inflammatory disease of the biliary tree that occurs infrequently in childhood, has been recognized in combination with papillary stenosis in adults with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A 10-yr-old child with a familial immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by defective T-cell func
The case of a Swiss AIDS patient suffering from Mycobacterium kansasii lung disease is described. The course of the illness was complicated by Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Therapy with isoniazid, ethambutol, clofazimine, ciprofloxacin and, after the onset of P. carinii pneumonia, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole led t
Int J Pept Protein Res. 1989 Mar;33(3):209-13. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89233600
Krchnak V; Vagner J; Mach O; Leciva-Pharmaceuticals, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences,; Prague.
Multiple continuous-flow solid-phase peptide synthesis was performed on a standard polystyrene-based resin under low-pressure conditions using a simple manually operated synthesizer. Stable-flow resin-packed columns were prepared in small polypropylene flow reactors, adjustable for volume. The concurrent synthesis of
The practice of HIV-infected physicians who perform seriously invasive procedures calls for professional guidance to protect patient safety and the privacy of infected physicians.
Spittle MF; Meyerstein Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Middlesex; Hospital, London, UK.
Kaposi s sarcoma occurs in the non-classical form in immunosuppressed patients in non-HIV patients in Africa and in patients infected with HIV. The latter group are now the most common. The treatment of Kaposi s sarcoma in AIDS patients must be seen in the context of their general condition. Symptomatic treatment by r
Within the next few years, it is very likely that AIDS will personally affect almost everyone in the United States in some manner. A relative, neighbor, friend, acquaintance, or coworker may develop AIDS. It is estimated that 1 to 1.5 million people in the United States are presently i
Tindall B; Finlayson R; Mutimer K; Billson FA; Munro VF; Cooper DA; Centre for Immunology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW,; Australia.
This report concerns three patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in whom malignant melanoma developed. One patient had metastatic malignant melanoma, one had iris melanoma, and one had a single skin melanoma. All three had lower absolute numbers of CD4+ cells than a control group, and the severity
Gilson IH; Barnett JH; Conant MA; Laskin OL; Williams J; Jones PG; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School,; Mount Sinai Medical Center, Milwaukee.
Herpesvirus infections are among the most common and debilitating opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and they may have atypical clinical features. We describe the cases of three patients with AIDS in whom atypical persistent ulcerative skin lesions developed as a resul
The AIDS epidemic continues to spread in Georgia. Almost every medical specialty is affected in some manner by the increased number of patients being diagnosed and treated with AIDS or the AIDS-related complex. Radiology has a pivotal role in documenting various opportunistic complications so that further testing and
Balis FM; Pizzo PA; Eddy J; Wilfert C; McKinney R; Scott G; Murphy RF; Jarosinski PF; Falloon J; Poplack DG; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; 20892.
Zidovudine pharmacokinetics were determined in 16 children with human immunodeficiency virus infection who were being treated intravenously and orally on an intermittent schedule (every 6 hours). The intravenous doses studied were 80 (n = 3), 120 (n = 4), and 160 (n = 5) mg/m2/dose, infused over 1 hour. Fourteen patie
JAMA. 1989 Jun 2;261(21):3104-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89236568
Spivak JL; Barnes DC; Fuchs E; Quinn TC; Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine, Baltimore, Md 21205.
Serum immunoreactive erythropoietin (SIE) and hemoglobin levels were measured in 152 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Anemia was present in 18% of asymptomatic patients who tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus, 50% of patients with a condition related to the acquired immunodefic
JAMA. 1989 Jun 9;261(22):3282-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89236602
Hill DR; Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center,; Farmington 06032.
The prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during international travel is gaining increased attention. In this report, a 32-year-old man acquired the HIV following a motor vehicle accident in Rwanda . During the accident the patient received multiple lacerations
King AJ; Beazley RP; Warren WK; Hankins CA; Robertson AS; Radford JL; Social Program Evaluation Group, Queen's University, Kingston,; Ontario, Canada.
The identification of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in 1981, and the subsequent isolation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 1983, signaled the beginning of worldwide concern over the potential impact of the disease. As the global incidence of AIDS and HIV infection increased, Canadians expressed
Med Clin (Barc). 1989 Mar 4;92(8):302-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89237417
Lozano-Molero M; Ribera JM; Nomdedeu B; Llebaria C; Campo E; Montserrat E; Rozman C
Six cases of non-Hodgkin s lymphoma and three of Hodgkin s disease in patients carrying antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus are reported. Mean age was 30.6 years (SD: 6). From the patients with non-Hodgkin s lymphoma, three were homosexual and three were parenteral drug
Freund-Levi Y; Saaf J; Wahlund LO; Wetterberg L; Karolinska Institute, Department of Psychiatry, St. Goran's; Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
In order to assess possible structural changes and possible alterations in T1 relaxation times in the brains in a group of female patients (67-74 years) infected with HIV following transfusion ultra low field (ULF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. The width of the ventricles, the width of the subarachno
Filice G; Cereda PM; Orsolini P; Soldini L; Romero E; Rondanelli EG; Institute of Infectious Diseases, I.R.C.C.S. San Matteo, Pavia,; Italy.
In the present work we report our preliminary data demonstrating the susceptibility of mouse to HIV infection. IgG antibodies were found in mice intraperitoneally inoculated with H9/HTLV-IIIB infected cells. Infected mice showed a humoral response and the antibodies detection includes specific immunoglobulin directed
Med J Aust. 1989 Feb 6;150(3):139-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89238042
Lane GP; Lucas CR; Smallwood RA; Fairfield Infectious Diseases Hospital, VIC.
Eighty-five patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were treated at Fairfield Infectious Diseases Hospital between April 1984 and June 1987. Sixty per cent of patients suffered gastrointestinal symptoms during the period of study, and in a further 15% of patients, abnormalities of the gastrointesti
Med J Aust. 1989 Feb 20;150(4):214-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89238072
Grayson ML; Tee W; Dwyer B; Fairfield Infectious Diseases Hospital.
The atypical Campylobacter spp. are being associated increasingly with gastroenteritis in certain population groups. We report the clinical and laboratory features of four cases (in three homosexual men and one heterosexual man) of gastroenteritis that was associated with Campylobacter cinaedi. The infection that was
Med J Aust. 1989 Mar 20;150(6):339-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89238124
Wright JM; Sachdev PS; Perkins RJ; Rodriguez P; Prince Henry Hospital, Little Bay, NSW.
Two patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who had no past psychiatric history, developed a mania-like illness soon after commencing treatment with zidovudine. The neurotoxic effects of zidovudine have been described previously, but to our knowledge no reports of a psychiatric disorder that is re
Holman CD; Cameron PV; Bucens MR; Keller AJ; Machin J; McNulty JC; Health Department of Western Australia.
A total of 328 cases of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Western Australia in 1983-1987 was studied with respect to demographic factors, the risk profile, the clinical progression of disease, the utilization of inpatient services and trends in incidence over
Turtle AM; Ford B; Habgood R; Grant M; Bekiaris J; Constantinou C; Macek M; Polyzoidis H; Department of Psychology, The University of Sydney, NSW.
Parallel questionnaires that enquired into the beliefs and behaviours which related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were administered by postal survey during August and September 1987 to two separate samples of students. Each sample comprised 300 students who were selected at random, were aged up to 3
Pietroboni GR; Harnett GB; Bucens MR; Virus Laboratory, Combined Microbiology Service, Queen Elizabeth; II Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA.
A highly-sensitive and efficient culture technique for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is described; HIV-1 was recovered from the lymphocytes of 44 (94%) antibody-seropositive healthy or symptomatic individuals. The reductions in the requirements for both the reagent volume and the number of patients lymp
N Engl J Med. 1989 May 25;320(21):1388-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89238465
Justice AC; Feinstein AR; Wells CK; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
An improved prognostic staging system is needed for patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To construct such a system, we analyzed the course of 117 consecutive adults who received a diagnosis of AIDS at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 1981 through 1987. The staging system was developed from the dat
N Engl J Med. 1989 Jun 1;320(22):1458-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89238486
Imagawa DT; Lee MH; Wolinsky SM; Sano K; Morales F; Kwok S; Sninsky JJ; Nishanian PG; Giorgi J; Fahey JL; et al; Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Los; Angeles, School of Medicine, Torrance 90509.
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), as demonstrated by viral cultures, has been described in some patients before antibodies to HIV-1 can be detected, but the duration and frequency of such latent infections are uncertain. We selected prospectively a cohort of 133 seronegative homosexual me
Costagliola D; Mary JY; Brouard N; Laporte A; Valleron AJ; INSERM U 263, Universite Paris VII, France.
Although incubation time is a key parameter of the epidemiology of AIDS, statistical estimates based on transfusion-associated AIDS cases have, up to now, used only the single dataset provided by the AIDS program of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta. Using a new dataset provided by the Direction General
We report the case histories of two men who were living together and who were seropositive for human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and also had positive syphilis tests. Conceivably, reactivation of an earlier syphilis infection (which had been treated) had occurred after infection with HIV. It is therefore recommended
The implications of AIDS for health care are unknown. Precise data about the extent to which patients appeal to hospital health care facilities and resulting costs are not available, mainly due to the absence of suitable methods for the registration of demographic, medical and financial data on individual patients in
Rodesch G; Parizel PM; Farber CM; Lalmand B; Przedborski S; D'Haens J; van Calck M; Vanderhofstadt A; Taelman H; Baleriaux D; Department of Neuroradiology, Hopital Erasme, Universite Libre; de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
We report a series of thirteen patients with nervous system complications out of a total of thirty AIDS patients admitted to our hospital over the last two years for which CT and/or MRI have been performed. Five were homosexual men and eight patients (5 men, 3 women) were of African origin (
Krasinski K; Borkowsky W; Holzman RS; Department of Pediatrics, New York University Medical Center, NY; 10016.
The prognosis of 111 children and adolescents (from 2.5 months to 19.5 years of age) infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was assessed by survival analysis based on risk factors and clinical status. Risk factors included: maternal HIV infection 93; transfusion 12; both maternal HIV infection and transfusio
Isaacman SH; Closen ML; John Marshall Law School, Chicago.
Although physicians have a moral and professional duty to prevent the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by seeing that the infected patient s contacts are informed of the risks, they have no legal guidelines on how to approach the problem. Medical organizations recommend that physicians notify an endangered
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3337-41. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89240728
Eilbott DJ; Peress N; Burger H; LaNeve D; Orenstein J; Gendelman HE; Seidman R; Weiser B; Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook; 11794.
Spinal cord disease is common in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and a characteristic vacuolar myelopathy is present at autopsy in approximately one-fourth of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. Pathologic examination of the spinal cord shows vacuolation of white matter and
Sider L; Weiss AJ; Smith MD; VonRoenn JH; Glassroth J; Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Medical School,; Chicago, IL.
The authors reviewed all cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma (ARL) seen at their institution between January 1982 and September 1988 to determine the frequency and appearance of ARL in the chest. Of 35 patients with ARL, 11 (31%) had biopsy-proved thoracic involvement. This frequency is
Yuwiler A; Wetterberg L; Neurobiochemistry Laboratory, West Los Angeles Veterans; Administration Medical Center, Brentwood Division, CA 90073.
It has been suggested that the HIV virus binds to VIP recognition sites which can be blocked by the octapeptide, peptide T. Stimulation of VIP receptors on pinealocytes activates adenylate cyclase and increases the activity of the enzyme serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT). We examined whether peptide T or D-Ala pepti
Rev Med Interne. 1989 Jan-Feb;10(1):36-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89241748
Maria Y; Vaillant P; Delorme N; Moneret-Vautrin DA; Service de medecine D, Tour Drouet CHU de Brabois,; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy.
Metabisulfite intolerance is encountered in 8 p. 100 of cases of extrinsic asthma and in 20 p. 100 of cases of the aspirin triad with nasosinusal polyposis, asthma and aspirin sensitivity. The possibility that anaphylactoid shock or acute severe asthma leading to status asthmaticus, might be related to sulfite sensiti
Various rheumatologic diseases were reported in patients infected by the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus); in most cases, they are related to Reiter s syndrome, reactive arthritis and opportunistic germs arthritis. Based on three cases we summarize the present knowledge in this field.
Silvergleid AJ; Leparc GF; Schmidt PJ; Blood Bank of San Bernardino & Riverside Counties, CA.
Concern about the ineffectiveness of indirect questioning of donors about participation in activities with a high-risk of exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) led our two community blood centers independently to begin direct and explicit questioning of donors about such activities. The impact of direct quest
Courouce AM; Barin F; Baudelot J; Chamaret S; Gueguen M; Janot C; Lemaire JM; Maniez M; Mesnier F; Mouillot L; et al; I.N.T.S., Paris.
During a 3 year period, from August 1985 to August 1988, 18 HIV 2-infected blood donors were detected in France as a result of systematic HIV 1 screening. These sera were characterized as HIV 2 by specific Western blot and synthetic peptides. Within the same period, 40 other HIV 2
HIV-1 antibody determination by ELISA screening takes 4 hr to complete and is not reliable. Regular Western blot can take up to 24 hr. This makes organ transplantation both difficult and risky with regard to HIV-1 transmission. We developed a modification of the Western blot technique that takes under 50 min, is trans
Nakamura M; Ohtani K; Hinuma Y; Sugamura K; Department of Bacteriology, Tohoku University School of Medicine,; Sendai, Japan.
We previously demonstrated the activity of the R fragment in the long terminal repeat of human T-cell leukemia virus type I for elevation of the level of gene expression. In this study, the fragment was deleted with BAL31 nuclease to determine its functional domain. Series of the shortened R fragments were linked to t
We report on 2 male patients treated with zidovudine (azidothymidine), who developed longitudinally striated coloration of their nails and lentigines. Both patients are suffering from advanced HIV disease with opportunistic infections. Following treatment with zidovudine 1200 mg daily for 3 and 6 months resp., we obse
Englert Y; Delvigne A; Vekemans M; Lejeune B; Henlisz A; De Maertelaer G; Leroy F
Between 1984 and 1987, 66 women whose partner had severe oligo-asthenoteratospermia or azoospermia underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) with donor sperm. The mean duration of sterility was 7.5 +/- 3.2 years. Investigations performed in the women showed no abnormality in 30%, pure endocrinopathies in 21% or tubal dis
Giese R; Grunow R; Institut fur Medizinische Immunologie des Bereichs Medizin,; Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin.
It will be given an overview on several aspects of structure proteins of the HIV and monoclonal antibodies against these. Monoclonal antibodies (mabs) are helpful in research on structure of the virus and pathogenesis of AIDS. A lot of mabs from mice to env, gag and pol gene products has been established. Published hu
Jensen J; Poulsen LK; Mygind K; Weeke ER; Weeke B; Medical Department TTA, State University Hospital, Copenhagen,; Denmark.
To quantify airborne allergens in amorphus and morphological particles, a survey with collection of aero-allergens on glass fibre filters by means of a high-volume air-sampler (HIVOL) was conducted. In preliminary laboratory experiments we compared various filter elution techniques, and the pulverizing elution techniq
Ann Allergy. 1989 May;62(5):437-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89245358
Perrick D; Wray BB; Guill MF; Leffell MS; Lobel SA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta.
An 8-year-old male with AIDS and disseminated Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection was treated with transfer factor (TF) prepared from maternal lymphocytes. Subsequent lymphocyte stimulation studies and repeat cultures failed to demonstrate improvement during treatment. His overall clinical status remained unc
Yeom YH; Remmel RP; Huang SH; Hua M; Vince R; Zimmerman CL; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of; Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Carbovir is a novel carbocyclic nucleoside which has been shown to have potent in vitro activity against human immunodeficiency virus, the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Sprague-Dawley male rats were used to investigate the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of carbovir. Six rats received car
Inderlied CB; Kolonoski PT; Wu M; Young LS; Department of Pathology, University of Southern California,; Children's Hospital, Los Angeles 90027.
The Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is a common cause of disseminated infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is increasingly seen as a cause of infection in other immunocompromised patients. Traditional antimycobacterial therapy often is ineffective, and there is a clear need for antibioti
Gogu SR; Aggarwal SK; Rangan SR; Agrawal KC; Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine,; New Orleans, LA 70112.
In an attempt to alleviate the drug-related toxicity of zidovudine in patients with AIDS, a pro-drug of zidovudine, 5 -[(1,4-dihydro-1-methyl-3-pyridinylcarbonyl)oxy]-3 -azido-2 ,3 - dideoxythymidine (DP- AZT ), has been evaluated. Cellular uptake by H9
Biochem Pharmacol. 1989 May 1;38(9):1389-93. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89246585
Resetar A; Spector T; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel; Hill 27514.
Since preclinical studies indicated that 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT , zidovudine, Retrovir, BW A509U), a potent anti-HIV agent, is not metabolized extensively in rats, rabbits, mice, guinea pigs, cats, or dogs, the extensive biotransformation of A
Eck HP; Gmunder H; Hartmann M; Petzoldt D; Daniel V; Droge W; Institut fur Immunologie und Genetik Deutsches; Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg.
Blood plasma samples from HIV-1-infected persons contain elevated glutamate concentrations up to 6-fold the normal level and relatively low concentrations of acid-soluble thiol (i.e. decreased cysteine concentrations). The intracellular glutathione concentration in peripheral blood-mononuclear cells (PBMC) and monocyt
Schofield JB; Lindley RP; Harcourt-Webster JN; Department of Histopathology, St Stephen's Hospital, London, UK.
In a 3 year period from the beginning of January 1985 to the end of December 1987, 474 biopsies obtained from 266 patients with serological evidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection were examined. Most frequent were skin biopsies of which 52% showed Kaposi s sarcoma, and transbronchial lung biopsies of which
J Immunol. 1989 May 1;142(9):3121-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89215273
Lowenthal JW; Ballard DW; Bogerd H; Bohnlein E; Greene WC; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Durham,; North Carolina 27710.
TNF-alpha induces the expression of IL-2R and promotes the proliferation and differentiation of T and B cells. In this report, we have studied the biochemical basis for TNF-alpha activation of the IL-2R alpha (Tac, p55) gene. Transfection of human T cell lines with selectively mutated forms of the IL-2R alpha promoter
Johnson VA; Barlow MA; Chou TC; Fisher RA; Walker BD; Hirsch MS; Schooley RT; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; 02114.
A combination of antiviral therapies that target different sites in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replicative cycle may be necessary for optimal treatment of HIV-1 infections. We evaluated the interactions of a soluble virus receptor (recombinant soluble CD4 or rsT4) and a reverse transcriptase inhib
Nakamura Y; Tanabe K; Egawa K; Department of Tumor Biology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Pneumocystis carinii is a pathogen which causes fatal pneumonia in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). To facilitate the basic study of P. carinii, we have analyzed its major surface proteins by both immunochemical and biochemical methods. The major protein components of both cysts and tropho
Yoshida Y; Shiota T; Yamada M; Yoshikawa H; Tegoshi T; Ikai T; Ogino K; Department of Medical Zoology, Kyoto Prefectural University of; Medicine, Japan.
J Med Chem. 1989 May;32(5):1135-40. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89216821
Rosowsky A; Solan VC; Sodroski JG; Ruprecht RM; Department of Biological Chemistry, Harvard Medical School,; Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
2-Chloro-3 -deoxyadenosine (2-chlorocordycepin), 2-chloro-2 ,3 -dideoxyadenosine (2-ClddAdo), and 2-chloro-2 ,3 -didehydro-2 ,3 -dideoxyadenosine (2-ClddeAdo) were synthesized from 2-chloroadenosine (2-ClAdo) as candidate antiretroviral agents on the basis that 2-chloro substitution would prevent enzymatic deamination
Vidal-Trecan G; Luciani S; Dubois-Lefrere J; Fontbonne A; Chevallier J; Service d'Epidemilogie, Direction du Plan de l'Assistance; Publique de Paris.
Many patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and the other forms of human immunodeficiency virus infection are treated in the Assistance Publique hospitals of Paris (AP). A cross-sectional survey to be repeated on a given day of each trimester was designed to obtain rapidly and anonymously the number o
Ng VL; Gartner I; Weymouth LA; Goodman CD; Hopewell PC; Hadley WK; Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Medical; Center, San Francisco, CA.
We describe a system for diagnosis of pulmonary disease in the human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient using induced sputum and other diagnostic procedures. This system has been successfully used at San Francisco (Calif) General Hospital for more than 2 years. It utilizes outpatient facilities and reduces the ne
Liu YC; Tomashefski JF Jr; Tomford JW; Green H; Department of Pathology, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital,; OH 44109.
Pulmonary cavitation is an infrequent manifestation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The pathogenesis of lung cavities associated with P carinii pneumonia has not been fully elucidated by detailed morphologic studies. This article describes a patient with the a
Ravikumar TS; Allen JD; Bothe A Jr; Steele G Jr; Department of Surgery, New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard; Medical School, Boston, Mass. 02215.
Immune thrombocytopenia is a well-recognized part of the clinical spectrum of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. From November 1985 to February 1988, 15 patients who were human immunodeficiency virus-positive underwent splenectomy for refractory immune thrombocytopenia. Eight patients had thrombocytopeni
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):139-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228768
Matsuyama T; Yoshiyama H; Hamamoto Y; Yamamoto N; Soma G; Mizuno D; Kobayashi N; Department of Virology and Parasitology, School of Medicine,; University of Yamaguchi, Japan.
Human T cell lines Molt-4, Jurkat, and TLOm-1 were infected by HIV-1 in the presence of various concentrations of r-TNF. The infectivity of HIV-1 was monitored by an indirect immunofluorescence method using anti-HIV-1-positive human serum. We found that r-TNF enhanced the replication of HIV-1. HIV-1-induced giant cell
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):247-51. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228778
Standaert B; Niragira F; Kadende P; Piot P; Belgian Medical Cooperation, Projet SIDA au Burundi, Bujumbura.
AIDS and tuberculosis (TB) are both endemic in Bujumbura, Burundi . An 11% failure rate to standard antituberculosis treatment (n = 173) was observed at the Tuberculosis Treatment Center of Bujumbura (CATB) in 1985-1986. All resistant cases (n = 19) were HIV seropositive. Among 328
Blood. 1989 May 15;73(7):1909-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89229435
Koup RA; Sullivan JL; Levine PH; Brettler D; Mahr A; Mazzara G; McKenzie S; Panicali D; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical; School, Worcester.
Major histocompatibility (MHC)-restricted, human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1)-specific, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were detected in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HIV-1-infected individuals. Using a system of autologous B and T lymphoblastoid cell lines infected with recombinant vacci
Bentin J; Tsoukas CD; McCutchan JA; Spector SA; Richman DD; Vaughan JH; Department of Basic and Clinical Research, Research Institute of; Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California 92037.
Uncertainty has existed as to whether a T-cell deficiency exists in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection different from that inherent in the reduced T-cell numbers characteristic of the disease. Heretofore, methods for measuring T-cell responses in patients have been carried out with systems requiring monocyte
Belz J; Breneman DL; Nordlund JJ; Solinger A; Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, OH 45267.
In a 30-year-old homosexual man with a 3-year history of localized psoriasis, an oligoarthropathy and severe cutaneous lesions of Reiter s syndrome developed 6 months after acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was diagnosed. Reiter s syndrome and psoriasis may be a continuum of similarly expressed cutaneous disea
Brunetti A; Berg G; Di Chiro G; Cohen RM; Yarchoan R; Pizzo PA; Broder S; Eddy J; Fulham MJ; Finn RD; et al; Neuroimaging Section, NINCDS, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Brain glucose metabolism was evaluated in four patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex using [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans at the beginning of therapy with 3 -azido-2 ,3 -dideoxythymidine (
JAMA. 1989 May 26;261(20):2975-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89236548
Bennett CL; Garfinkle JB; Greenfield S; Draper D; Rogers W; Mathews C; Kanouse DE; RAND/UCLA Center for Health Policy Study, Santa Monica 90406.
There is marked debate by physicians and policymakers regarding the creation of regionalized acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) centers. A central issue is whether outcomes of care, particularly mortality, differ as a function of hospital experience with patients with AIDS. We evaluated the experience of 257 pa
The transactivator protein tax of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I, HTLV-I, is responsible for transactivation of gene expression of viral and cellular genes and is involved in the onset of adult T-cell leukemia, ATL. Genetic deletion studies have implicated a region of the HTLV-I LTR designated as tax-acceptor
Am J Med Sci. 1989 May;297(5):328-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89244847
Villalona-Calero MA; Schrem SS; Phelps KR; Department of Medicine, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn,; New York.
The destructive potential of Pneumocystis carinii infection in patients with AIDS has been amply documented. This report describes a homosexual man with P. carinii pneumonia (PCP) complicated by pneumatocoeles and pneumomediastinum. The pneumomediastinum almost completely resolved with successful antimicrobial therapy
Hayashi Y; Ikuta K; Fujii N; Ezawa K; Kato S; Department of Pathology, Osaka University, Japan.
Only one peptide of CD4 (amino acid residues 70-132) among 16 synthetic peptide fragments selectively inhibited HIV-1 replication and HIV-1-induced syncytium formation. Several smaller peptides within this region did not show any activity, except for the peptide (86-132) which showed somewhat lower activity.
Whyte BM; Swanson CE; Cooper DA; NHMRC Special Unit, AIDS Epidemiology and Clinical Research,; University of New South Wales, Surry Hills.
The duration of survival of all persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Australia who were diagnosed to July 31, 1987 was analysed by means of standard Kaplan-Meier methods in order to construct survival curves, and by log-rank tests which were used to asse
Fleming AF; Wellcome Tropical Institute, London, U.K.
About 120,000 infants are born each year with sickle cell disease (SCD) in Africa. The majority have Hb SS, but Hb SC and Hb S/beta+ thalassaemia are common in west Africa. The development of Plasmodium falciparum and P. malariae is partially inhibited in the Hb SS red cells, but malaria precipitates both haemolytic a
Guatelli JC; Gingeras TR; Richman DD; Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego School; of Medicine.
The enzymatic amplification of specific nucleic acid sequences in vitro has revolutionized the use of nucleic acid hybridization assays for viral detection. With this method, the copy number of a pathogen-specific sequence is increased several orders of magnitude before detection is attempted. The sensitivity and spec
FEBS Lett. 1989 Apr 10;247(1):113-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89211425
Richards AD; Roberts R; Dunn BM; Graves MC; Kay J; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wales College of; Cardiff.
Inhibitory constants (Ki) between 5 and 35 nM were derived (under different conditions of pH and ionic strength) for the interaction of HIV-1 proteinase with acetyl-pepstatin and H-261, two characteristic inhibitors of aspartic proteinases. Thus this enzyme, essential for replication of the AIDS virus, may be classifi
FEBS Lett. 1989 Apr 10;247(1):118-22. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89211426
Pechik IV; Gustchina AE; Andreeva NS; Fedorov AA; V.A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Academy of; Sciences of the USSR, Moscow.
Retroviral proteases belong to the class of aspartic proteases. A molecular model of HIV-1 protease has been built on the basis of the consensus template specific for the domains of these enzymes. The template region comprises more than a half of the HIV-1 protease monomer structure, it includes the active site, forme
Defalque D; Menu Y; Girard PM; Coulaud JP; Service de Radiologie, Hopital Beaujon, Clichy, Paris, France.
Eleven acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients were initially evaluated by ultrasound of the liver because of biochemical evidence of cholestasis. Sonography was very useful for demonstrating dilatation and/or wall thickening of the common bile duct associated with dilated intrahepatic bile ducts. Periporta
Bressler RB; Sowell K; Huston DP; Baylor College of Medicine, Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; 77030.
The efficacy of nifedipine, a calcium channel antagonist, in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria, was evaluated in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Ten patients with chronic urticaria refractory to maximally tolerated doses of H1 and H2 antihistamines and in whom extensive evaluation fa
JAMA. 1989 May 12;261(18):2677-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89217181
Hahn RA; Onorato IM; Jones TS; Dougherty J; Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Centers for Disease; Control, Atlanta, Ga 30333.
We reviewed 92 published and unpublished studies of the prevalence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in the United States . Human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence among IVDUs in drug treatment programs in the United States
The Authors give a detailed analysis of the potential virulence factors and possible pathogenic processes associated with candida. They qualify the interactions between local, general, natural and acquired defences, setting out the possible deficiency involved in the emergence of secondary candidiasis. They make a cla
For the cultural control of Cryptococcus neoformans (Cr.n.), among the routinely examined standard specimens like CSF, sputum, blood, etc., urine earns special attention. The combination of membrane filtration technique (MFT) and Staib agar for the detection of Cr.n. from body fluids as described by Staib in 1963 was
The contribution of observations in congenital deficiency disorders to our understanding of normal mechanisms can hardly be overestimated, as may in particular be seen in the complex field of mechanisms aiming at maintaining the individual integrity. After a brief summary of the natural lines of defense we demonstrate
Styblo K; International Union Against Tuberculosis and Disease, Paris,; France.
The global epidemiologic situation of tuberculosis is reviewed, with emphasis on the disappointing achievements in its control in developing countries over the last three decades. In developed countries where prevalence of tuberculosis is low, it will take at least 30-50 years to eliminate the disease because of exace
Quinn TC; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland.
AIDS has become a global epidemic, with greater than 100,000 cases officially reported in 140 countries and an estimated 5-10 million asymptomatic carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the etiologic agent of AIDS. With an increase in HIV infection in some developing countries, there has been a resurgence
Langer R; Langer M; Schutze B; Zwicker C; Wakat JP; Felix R; Radiologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum Rudolf; Virchow-Standort Charlottenburg Freie Universitat Berlin.
The ultrasound findings of 58 patients with AIDS and ARC were analysed retrospectively. In 55% an enlarged liver, in 62% an enlarged spleen, partially with focal lesions, and in 21% enlarged abdominal lymph nodes were diagnosed. The typical focal segmental glomerulosclerosis of the kidney was observed in one case, and
Rubin RH; Tolkoff-Rubin NE; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; 02114.
Although great strides have been made in clinical transplantation, infection remains a major problem. Critical to the understanding of the infectious disease problems of the present and the foreseeable future is the recognition that the risk of infection is largely related to the interaction of two factors: the net st
Elovaara I; Iivanainen M; Poutiainen E; Valle SL; Weber T; Suni J; Lahdevirta J; Department of Neurology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Elevated (greater than 2.2 mg/l) CSF beta-2-microglobulin (beta 2m) level was found in 9 of 16 neurologically symptomatic patients but in only 4 of 21 who were neurologically symptom-free (P less than 0.01). Serum beta 2m concentration was elevated (greater than 2.5 mg/l) in 12 of 16 neurologically symptomatic patient
Am Psychol. 1989 Feb;44(2):258-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226647
Pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)/human immunodeficiency virus infection is a growing medical problem in this country with a broad range of psychological implications. This report from the American Psychological Association s Division of Child, Youth and Family Services Task Force on Pediatric AIDS p
Ann Intern Med. 1989 May 15;110(10):833-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226728
Brickner PW; Torres RA; Barnes M; Newman RG; Des Jarlais DC; Whalen DP; Rogers DE; Department of Community Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital and; Medical Center, New York, NY 10011.
Considerable evidence indicates that intravenous drug users are emerging as the group at greatest risk for both acquiring and spreading human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Thus, all possible methods to control the spread of HIV infection in intravenous drug users should be explored. Key recommendations are t
Ann Neurol. 1989 Apr;25(4):406-11. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226979
Harouse JM; Wroblewska Z; Laughlin MA; Hickey WF; Schonwetter BS; Gonzalez-Scarano F; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Medical; Center, Philadelphia.
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) penetrates the central nervous system, particularly the cerebrospinal fluid, early in the course of HIV infection, and may cause a progressive encephalopathy in patients prior to the development of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Neither the specific mechanism for penetra
Johnson VA; Walker BD; Barlow MA; Paradis TJ; Chou TC; Hirsch MS; Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard; Medical School, Boston 02114.
Castanospermine and 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (zidovudine) were evaluated in combination against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in vitro. Castanospermine and 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine inhibited HIV type 1 synergistically in acutely infected H9 cells. In addition, they synergistically inhibited both H
Stigmatizing conditions such as family violence, AIDS, and herpes contribute to feelings of shame and the wish to conceal or hide. However, those who experience such conditions often need to confide in others and seek help from professionals. This grounded theory study describes the process of disclosure from the pers
Klatt EC; Shibata D; Strigle SM; Department of Laboratories and Pathology, Los Angeles; County-University of Southern California Medical Center.
The reliability of postmortem enzyme immunoassay testing for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was assessed in blood and vitreous humor. Vitreous humor tested up to 34 hours post mortem and blood tested at least 58 days post mortem were consistently repeatedly positive for HIV antibody in patients with hi
Pancreatic tuberculous abscess is rare and has been reported only in the past five years. An association with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is suggested. Extensive drainage and appropriate antibiotic therapy is recommended. Intrapancreatic abscesses should be cultured for M. tuberculosis and, if ident
Heck E; Petty C; Palestine A; Luckenbach M; Salahuddin SZ; Nussenblatt R; Harris W; Baxter C; McCulley J; Transplant Services, University of Texas Southwestern Medical; Center, Dallas 75235-9074.
The spread of AIDS and its association with a retrovirus, commonly called T-lymphotropic virus type III (HIV) has produced great concern among those involved in transplantation about the possibility for transmission of this disease through tissue and organ transplant. Isolation of the virus from conjunctiva and tears
Rosario MT; Raso CL; Comer GM; Clain DJ; Department of Medicine, Harlem Hospital Center, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; 10037.
Spencer PM; Jackson GG; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago.
Fungal and mycobacterial infections are among the most common opportunistic infections in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Candida infections are the bell-wether of progression to symptomatic HIV infection and candida oesophagitis often marks the onset of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrom
De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
From our investigations the following compounds have emerged as particularly potent and selective inhibitors of HIV replication: sulphated polysaccharides (i.e. heparin, dextran sulphate, pentosan polysulphate), dideoxynucleoside analogues such as the 3 -azido-and 3 -fluoro-substituted 2 ,3 -dideoxyribosides of both p
Minor PD; National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Herts,; UK.
Possible approaches to the development of vaccines against HIV are reviewed in the light of experience with existing virus vaccines and understanding of the process of viral infection. While HIV infection presents serious theoretical problems in developing vaccines most are also encountered in some form with other vir
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the commonest opportunistic infection in AIDS patients. The diagnosis should be strongly suspected in patients who are cyanosed and who present with interstitial pneumonia. The management of PCP in AIDS patients is very similar to that in other groups with the same infection. Tr
Tuazon CU; Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical; Center, Washington, DC 20037.
In patients with AIDS, toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of CNS mass lesions. Diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical presentation and CAT scan findings and confirmed by demonstration of tachyzoites and/or cysts in tissues obtained by needle aspiration or brain biopsy. Response to therapy with pyrimethamine an
Gerberding JL; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Diarrhoea and weight loss are found in more than 50% of patients with AIDS and in some patients can be so severe that death may occur even in the absence of opportunistic infections. Systematic evaluation of diarrhoeal illness in HIV-infected patients will often identify a treatable aetiology. Despite the tendency for
Oxford JS; Coates AR; Sia DY; Brown K; Asad S; Department of Medical Microbiology, London Hospital Medical; College, UK.
The rapid identification of anti-HIV compounds in the laboratory following the isolation of the causative virus in 1983 and their subsequent use in the clinic was not unexpected. Three decades of previous work had established a scientific basis for the evaluation of antiviral compounds. However, no antiviral yet disco
Shattock AG; Morris M; Kinane K; Fagan C; Department of Medical Microbiology, University College, Dublin,; Ireland.
A sensitive and specific capture assay for IgM antibody to hepatitis D virus (HDV) was developed employing serum-derived delta antigen (HDAg). In a retrospective and prospective study of an outbreak of hepatitis B (HB), 135 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive drug-abusers with acute hepatitis and 18 HBsAg car
Hruza GJ; Snow SN; Cutaneous Surgery Center, Barnes Hospital, Washington University; Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri.
A case illustrating Mohs micrographic surgery fixed-tissue technique in the treatment of a large basal cell carcinoma of the left nasal alar groove in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is described. Fixation of the tissue before excision and appropriate infectious disease precautions minimize exposure
Grumbach K; Coleman BG; Gal AA; Arger PH; Mintz MC; Arenson RL; Aquino L; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of; Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
A retrospective evaluation of hepatobiliary sonograms in 22 patients with AIDS was performed and the sonographic abnormalities were correlated with pathologic findings in 10 patients. Hepatic parenchymal abnormalities noted on ultrasound include a hyperechoic parenchymal echo pattern in 45.5%, hepatomegaly in 41%, and
Filice C; Brunetti E; Carnevale G; Dughetti S; Pirola F; Rondanelli EG; Department of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS S. Matteo Universita di; Pavia, Italy.
A rare case of multiple mycetic abscesses in a patient with AIDS is reported: the diagnosis was suspected after an ultrasound (US) examination and was obtained with US guided percutaneous puncture. The US appearance and differential diagnosis of mycetic liver abscesses are discussed and the increasing role of US and U
Nature. 1989 May 4;339(6219):70-3. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89238550
Griffin GE; Leung K; Folks TM; Kunkel S; Nabel GJ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical; Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor 48109.
The latent period of AIDS is influenced by factors which activate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in different cell types. Although monocytic cells may provide a reservoir for virus production in vivo, their regulation of HIV transcription has not been defined. We now report that HIV gene expression in
Lippi G; Viliani T; Doni A; Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di; Fisiopatologia Clinica.
The most commonly used pharmacological aids employed in the prevention of peroperative deep venous thrombosis in general surgery are reviewed in brief. The probable action mechanisms, recommended doses, laboratory parameters to be monitored, side-effects, contraindications and effectiveness shown in the main clinical
Townsend RR; Laing FC; Jeffrey RB Jr; Bottles K; Department of Radiology, San Francisco General Hospital, CA; 94110.
The sonographic findings in 38 patients with abdominal lymphomas related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reviewed. Thirty-three patients had non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and five had Hodgkin disease. Abnormal masses were detected with sonography in 33 patients (87%). Focal hypoechoic liver lesions up to 10
Lee H; Swanson P; Shorty VS; Zack JA; Rosenblatt JD; Chen IS; Diagnostics Division, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL; 60064.
Confirmed infection with HTLV-II (human T cell leukemia virus type II) has been described only in rare cases. The major limitation to serological diagnosis of HTLV-II has been the difficulty of distinguishing HTLV-II from HTLV-I (human T cell leukemia virus type I) infection, because of substantial cross-reactivity be
Thromb Res. 1989 Feb 1;53(3):271-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89242604
Suzuki S; Sakuragawa N; Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
Three commercial thrombin preparations used clinically to stop topical bleeding were studied. The specific activities of these preparations were 1,064 U/mg (human); 59 U/mg (bovine) and 147 U/mg (bovine). SDS-PAGE analysis of the human product produced one major band corresponding to a molecular weight of alpha-thromb
Nusbacher J; Naiman R; Canadian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Toronto Centre,; Ontario.
A cohort of 467 volunteer blood donors who were found to be EIA+/WB- was studied longitudinally for up to two years. EIA screening for anti-HIV and WB testing, regardless of the EIA result, was performed on all 769 subsequent donation events of this cohort to ascertain the consistency of test results over time. The fo
The recent regognition of AIDS has stimulated the development of newer cytotoxic therapies and hematological support system which have prolonged the life of these immunocompromised subjects. Moreover, greater number of patients are being recognised who are susceptible to various opportunistic infections involving the
Overton HA; Fujii Y; Price IR; Jones IM; NERC Institute of Virology, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Three recombinant baculoviruses which are capable of expressing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease, p55gag, and both products simultaneously in insect cell culture have been constructed. Upon co-infection of cells with the protease and p55gag-expressing viruses, authentic processing of the gag precursor is ob
Calabrese LH; Estes M; Yen-Lieberman B; Proffitt MR; Tubbs R; Fishleder AJ; Levin KH; Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Disease, Cleveland Clinic; Foundation, OH 44106.
Fourteen cases of vasculitis associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection have thus far been described. Five of these cases may be classified as angiocentric immunoproliferative disorders, including benign lymphocytic angiitis, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, and angiocentric lymphoma. We report a case of benig
Goldmann DA; Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical; School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Surveillance studies generally have underestimated the importance of viruses in the pathogenesis of nosocomial respiratory tract infections. The development of rapid, sensitive and reliable diagnostic techniques has permitted documentation of viral respiratory pathogens and has led to increased understanding of the ep
Goodman P; Pinero SS; Rance RM; Mansell PW; Uribe-Botero G; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Medical School,; Houston 77030.
A patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who presented with dysphagia is described. Barium swallow demonstrated diffuse esophagitis with longitudinal ulceration and sinus tracts to the mediastinum. Mycobacteria were seen on esophageal biopsies and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from a pleural
Crowle AJ; Cohn DL; Poche P; Webb-Waring Lung Institute, University of Colorado Health; Sciences Center, Denver.
Some characteristics of the sera and macrophages (MP) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients which might contribute to their unusual susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium infection were studied. Cultures of patient peripheral blood MP in medium supplemented with their sera or normal subject sera were
Yoshikura H; Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of; Tokyo.
For prevention of HIV infection, which is fatal to man and has no known remedy, sterilization of contaminated materials is particularly important. Before applying any sterilization procedures, they have to be checked by accurately following the kinetics of plaque reduction. Though this is almost self-evident, such stu
Plummer FA; Simonsen JN; Chubb H; Slaney L; Kimata J; Bosire M; Ndinya-Achola JO; Ngugi EN; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba,; Winnipeg, Canada.
We tested the hypothesis that strain-specific immunity occurs after gonococcal infection in a longitudinal study of 227 prostitutes resident in one small community who experienced frequent gonococcal infections. Women were examined and cultured for Neisseria gonorrhoeae at 2-wk intervals. Gonococcal isolates were type
Spector SA; Kennedy C; McCutchan JA; Bozzette SA; Straube RG; Connor JD; Richman DD; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of; California, San Diego.
The inhibition of viremia and p24 core antigenemia in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was evaluated in separate multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of zidovudine and ribavirin. Of 29 patients (14 with AIDS and 15 with AIDS-related complex [ARC]) enrolled in the zidovudine stu
J Med Primatol. 1989;18(1):27-42. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89216864
Prince AM; Goodall J; Brotman B; Dienske H; Schellekens H; Eichberg JW; Laboratory of Virology, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute,; New York Blood Center, New York.
Based on the know epidemiology of the viruses that account for the bulk of the need for chimpanzees in biomedical research--hepatitis B virus (HBV), non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)--as well as the psychosocial needs of this species, requirements for appropriate isolation con
Herlitz C; Brorsson B; Dalarna Research Council, Falun, Sweden.
This study calculates the cost of medical care during the different stages of HIV infection, from the asymptomatic period to a confirmed AIDS diagnosis. Also, we have estimated the total cost of taking specimens and performing tests related to HIV infection, and the cost of information, research, etc. Medical costs we
Lampe GH; Department of Anesthesia, University of California, San; Francisco.
Homologous, or banked, blood is chronically in short supply. In addition, it is associated with a number of significant risks, including transfusion-related infection with hepatitis and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), transfusion reactions, and alloimmunization. Therefore, the benefits of reducing the depe
Colebunders RL; Ryder RW; Nzilambi N; Dikilu K; Willame JC; Kaboto M; Bagala N; Jeugmans J; Muepu K; Francis HL; et al; Project SIDA, Department of Public Health, Belgian Zairian; Medical Cooperation, Kinshasa.
To better define the interrelationship of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB), we conducted three HIV serosurveys of inpatients and outpatients with confirmed or suspected TB in Kinshasa, Zaire . HIV seroprevalence in hospitalized sanatorium pati
Moroz C; Misrock SL; Siegal FP; Rogoff Medical Research Institute, Beilinson Medical Center,; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petah-Tikva,; Israel.
Placental isoferritins (PLF), known to be immunosuppressive in Hodgkin s disease and other states, were found to be increased in sera of subjects infected with HIV. We assayed for PLF using a sandwich antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) employing two monoclonal antibodies. Individuals with lymp
Valdiserri RO; Lyter DW; Leviton LC; Callahan CM; Kingsley LA; Rinaldo CR; Falk Clinic Laboratories, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
This study evaluates two AIDS risk-reduction interventions targeted at homosexual and bisexual men. Participants were randomized into two peer-led interventions: both involved a lecture on safer sex , and one provided a skills-training component during which men could discuss and rehearse the negotiation of safer sex
Michaelis B; Levy JA; Cancer Research Institute, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
Recombinant human interferon beta (rIFN-beta) reduces replication of HIV in cultured peripheral mononuclear cells. The effect is most pronounced when high levels of the drug are employed. Maintenance of the rIFN-beta in culture is required since removal of the agent generally leads to a return of virus production by t
Crespi M; National Institute of Virology, Department of Virology,; University of the Witwatersrand, Sandringham, South Africa.
In this study the effect of interferon (IFN) on uninfected cells (H9-) and cells infected (H9+) with HIV-1 was investigated. In both H9- and H9+, IFN was unable to inhibit Sindbis virus replication. HIV-1 replication was inhibited by a maximum of 22% at 1000 U/ml of IFN. In both H9- and H9+ cells IFN exhibited a limit
Parkin JM; Helbert M; Hughes CL; Pinching AJ; Department of Immunology, St Mary's Hospital and Medical School,; London, UK.
Total immunoglobulin (Ig) and IgG subclass levels were measured in 72 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC). IgG2 subclass levels were found to be significantly decreased in the AIDS/ARC patients with pyogenic infections compared with both similar individuals without bacterial disease and the HIV-negative c
Smith D; Gazzard B; Lindley RP; Darwish A; Reed C; Bryceson AD; Evans DA; Department of Medicine, St. Stephen's Hospital, London, UK.
A patient with HIV infection presented with multiple cutaneous Kaposi s sarcomata. Biopsy of one of these showed the presence of amastigotes within an otherwise typical Kaposi s sarcoma. Further investigations proved the patient to have visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar). Visceral leishmaniasis has been reported in HI
Kinchington D; Galpin SA; O'Connor TJ; Jeffries DJ; Williamson JD; Department of Medical Microbiology, St Mary's Hospital Medical; School, London, UK.
Five antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been assessed for detecting HIV-1 in tissue culture supernatants of cell cultures used routinely to investigate antiviral activity. Although all the ELISAs are very sensitive to low levels of antigens they have different characteristics when used fo
Weber J; Schild G; World Health Organization Collaborating Center on AIDS National; Institute for Virological Standards and Control, South Mimms,; Potters Bar, UK.
Ranki A; Mattinen S; Yarchoan R; Broder S; Ghrayeb J; Lahdevirta J; Krohn K; Department of Dermatology, Helsinki University Central Hospital,; Finland.
HIV-specific T-cell response in HIV-infected individuals at different stages of the disease and during zidovudine therapy was studied using HIV and HIV-envelope derived native and recombinant proteins as antigens. Neither antibody-negative at-risk individuals nor HIV-infected individuals responded to HIV or its envelo
Desmet P; Kayembe KD; De Vroey C; Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Cryptococcal meningitis is a frequently observed opportunistic infection in AIDS patients in Zaire and other countries in Central Africa. The prognosis in those patients is very poor because of the advanced stage of their cryptoc
Berkley S; Okware S; Naamara W; Epidemiology Unit, Uganda Ministry of Health, Entebbe.
In the developed world, surveillance for AIDS has provided up-to-date information for researchers, clinicians, public health workers and policy makers. In Africa, however, there is no standardized format or methodology for AIDS surveillance. In August 1987, Uganda developed a clini
Rezza G; Lazzarin A; Angarano G; Sinicco A; Pristera R; Ortona L; Barbanera M; Gafa S; Tirelli U; Salassa B; et al; Department of Social Medicine, National Institute of Health,; Roma, Italy.
A multicentre cohort study was carried out to estimate the incidence of AIDS and HIV-related conditions in newly infected intravenous drug users (IVDU). The enrollment criteria included the identification of the seroconversion time. Two hundred and five subjects entered the study, and were followed for a mean of 26 mo
Fernandez-Cruz E; Gelpi E; Longo N; Gonzalez B; de la Morena MT; Montes MG; Rosello J; Ramis I; Suarez A; Fernandez A; et al; Department of Immunology, Hospital General Gregorio Maranon,; Madrid, Spain.
We analysed the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by monocytes in 11 drug addicts with AIDS and opportunistic infections and in 13 controls. In three patients and six controls we isolated the PGE2 fraction from culture supernatants of purified monocytes (greater than 95%) incubated in medium containing (3H) arachi
Orholm M; Pedersen C; Mathiesen L; Dowd P; Nielsen JO; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen,; Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
On the basis of the observations that HIV antigenaemia indicates a high risk of progression to AIDS and that zidovudine and alpha-interferon act synergistically against HIV replication in vitro, we performed a pilot trial including 12 HIV-infected asymptomatic patients with detectable p24 antigen in serum. The patient
Johnson AM; Wadsworth J; Elliott P; Prior L; Wallace P; Blower S; Webb NL; Heald GI; Miller DL; Adler MW; et al; Academic Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine, University; College and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK.
Rates of sexual-partner change and patterns of high-risk behaviour are important determinants of the spread of HIV. We carried out a survey to assess the feasibility of studying sexual lifestyle in a random sample of the British population, aged 16-64 years, in November 1987. Two thousand and seventy-seven households
Wittkowski KM; Dept Computer Science, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260.
It has been recently advocated that avoiding partners who may be at high risk of carrying HIV provides 5000-fold better protection against HIV infection than usage of condoms [1]. In this paper, it is demonstrated that this guideline is largely based on unrealistic assumptions. If the sensitivity of identifying high-r
This report presents the results of a survey conducted between February and April 1988 to ascertain Ugandans perception of AIDS as a problem, their knowledge of the disease and how it is spread, the resultant change in their sexual behaviour and their knowledge of, and attitudes towards, condoms. Two hundred and four
Schulz TF; Oberhuber W; Hofbauer JM; Hengster P; Larcher C; Gurtler LC; Tedder R; Wachter H; Dierich MP; Boltzmann Institute for AIDS Research, Innsbruck, Austria.
We produced recombinant envelope-derived peptides of HIV-2 for use in a diagnostic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or Western blot by expressing several restriction enzyme fragments from the env gene of HIV-2 in the bacterial fusion vector pEX-3. On Western blots, 17 out of 18 anti-HIV-2-positive sera availa
Parry JV; Mortimer PP; PHLS Virus Reference Laboratory, Central Public Health; Laboratory, London, UK.
GACPAT is a modification of a gelatin particle-agglutination test for the detection of anti-HIV-1 and anti-HTLV-I. In it, antigen-coated particles react with immunoglobulin captured from the specimens onto the surface of U-bottomed reaction wells previously coated with anti-gamma chains. In initial tests on 1127 blood
Cohen H; Williams I; Matthey F; Miller RF; Machin SJ; Weller IV; Department of Haematology, University College and Middlesex; Hospital Medical School, London.
The treatment of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex (ARC) with zidovudine is limited by major haematological toxicity. In an open study of the use of zidovudine, 10 out of a total of 81 patients developed a severe anaemia within the first 3 months of treatment. In five of these 10 patients the mean cell volum
Delaporte E; Peeters M; Simon F; Dupont A; Schrijvers D; Kerouedan D; Josse R; Merlin M; Trebucq A; Collet M; et al; International Centre for Medical Research, Franceville, Gabon.
Out of 4176 sera from asymptomatic adults originating from Chad , equatorial Guinea and Gabon tested for HIV-1 antibodies, 146 (3.5%) were positive by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). By Western blot (WB), 20 (0.5%)
Blood. 1989 May 15;73(7):1859-63. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89229428
Brettler DB; Forsberg AD; Levine PH; Petillo J; Lamon K; Sullivan JL; Department of Medicine, Worcester Memorial Hospital, MA 01605.
Conventional clotting factor concentrates have, until recently, been of intermediate purity, containing less than 1% of the coagulation factor, and greater than 99% extraneous plasma proteins such as fibrinogen, fibronectin, gamma globulins, and traces of many others. We report here the results of a new factor VIII co
BMJ. 1989 Mar 18;298(6675):713-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89229579
Pezzella M; Rossi P; Lombardi V; Gemelli V; Mariani Costantini R; Mirolo M; Fundaro C; Moschese V; Wigzell H; Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Rome, Italy.
A study was conducted to assess the occurrence of latent infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among seronegative people at high risk of infection. The presence of HIV genomes was analysed by molecular techniques in two seronegative children born to mothers infected with HIV and in three regular sexual
Leal M; Pineda JA; Calderon EJ; Rey C; Lissen E; Department of Internal Medicine, Virgen del Rocio University; Hospital, Seville, Spain.
In a prospective study of 37 individuals in Spain who did not have AIDS or AIDS-related complex but were positive for antibody to HIV, 164 sequentially taken serum samples were tested for the presence of the p24 antigen of HIV. Six of the subjects were antigenemic at entry to the st
Walker CM; Levy JA; Department of Medicine, University of California, School of; Medicine, San Francisco 94143.
Peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals suppress replication of HIV in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This anti-viral activity appears to be mediated in part by a diffusible factor. Production of this lymphokine varies among infected individuals and
Immunol Lett. 1989 Feb;20(3):223-30. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89233276
Sei Y; Tsang PH; Chu FN; Wallace I; Roboz JP; Sarin PS; Bekesi JG; Department of Neoplastic Diseases, Mount Sinai School of; Medicine, New York, New York 10029.
A double blind cohort study was conducted on 149 homosexual males and 36 patients with AIDS to investigate the relationship between HIV-1 antigenemia, the presence of neutralizing antibody (NA) activity and specific anti-viral core protein (p24) antibody (Ab) in the sera of HIV infected individuals during their progre
Averett DR; Department of Experimental Therapy, Burroughs Wellcome Co.,; Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
Two novel, semi-automated assays for the assessment of compounds for activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are described. One assay uses quantitation of DNA by fluorescence to monitor reversal by test compounds of HIV-induced growth inhibition. The second assay measures the amount of HIV p24 by an indire
Stadler R; Mayer-da-Silva A; Bratzke B; Garbe C; Orfanos C; Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Steglitz,; Freie Universitat Berlin, F.R. Germany.
Interferons are a large family of proteins and glycoproteins, naturally occurring or artificially produced by recombinant biotechnology. Their antiviral, antiproliferative, antitumoral, and immunomodulatory activities are induced by alterations in cell metabolism after binding to specific membrane receptors. Interfero
J Immunol. 1989 Jun 1;142(11):3809-14. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89235196
Chiodi F; Mathiesen T; Albert J; Parks E; Norrby E; Wahren B; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
The IgG subclass distribution to the E34/E32 peptides, derived from the HIV-1 glycoprotein 41 transmembrane protein, was analyzed in ELISA. Sera from individuals at different stages of the disease were assayed. A restricted subclass response of mainly IgG1 and IgG2 was found. The subclass response was of a different t
J Immunol. 1989 Jun 1;142(11):3971-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89235219
Kohn DB; Mitsuya H; Ballow M; Selegue JE; Barankiewicz J; Cohen A; Gelfand E; Anderson WF; Blaese RM; Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
We have established long term cell lines from a patient with adenosine deaminase (ADA)-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency by stimulation of blood and bone marrow cells with PHA and IL-2 followed by transformation of the activated cells with the human retrovirus
Cohen JL; Ko RJ; Lo AT; Shields MD; Gilman TM; University of Southern California, School of Pharmacy, Los; Angeles 90033.
Eflornithine [2-(difluoromethyl)-DL-ornithine monohydrochloride, monohydrate; DFMO] is an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor used to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS patients unresponsive or intolerant to conventional drug therapy. A reversed-phase HPLC method utilizing precolumn dansylation is descri
Borghi V; De Rienzo B; Pietrosemoli P; Pecorari M; Mongiardo N; Pellegrino F; Zanchetta GP; Lami G; Squadrini F; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Modena, Italy.
A commercial enzyme immunoassay was utilized for the detection of the human immunodeficiency virus antigen (p24) in serum samples from persons at risk for AIDS. The test demonstrated sensitivity to 20 pg/ml of serum antigen. The results obtained showed 14.63% of the subjects (Ss) with persistent generalized lymphadeno
Hoyos B; Ballard DW; Bohnlein E; Siekevitz M; Greene WC; Mount Sinai Medical Center, Department of Microbiology, New York,; NY 10029.
Transcriptional activation of the human interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) gene, like induction of the IL-2 receptor alpha (IL-2R alpha) gene and the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), is shown to be modulated by a kappa B-like enhancer element. Mutation of a kappa B core
Cross SL; Halden NF; Lenardo MJ; Leonard WJ; Cell Biology and Metabolism Branch, National Institute of Child; Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892.
The interleukin-2 receptor alpha (IL-2R alpha) chain gene contains a sequence similar to the immunoglobulin (Ig) kappa (kappa) enhancer NF-kappa B binding site. This site, which is bound by the nuclear protein, NF-kappa B, is critical for Ig kappa gene expression. The major T cell nuclear factor that binds to the IL-2
Biochem Pharmacol. 1989 May 1;38(9):1385-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89246584
Russell JW; Klunk LJ; Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Co.,; Wallingford, CT 06492.
A number of 2 ,3 -dideoxynucleosides have been shown to inhibit the in vitro infectivity and cytopathic effect of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These compounds, as their 5 -triphosphates, inhibit viral reverse transcriptase by competing with the natural substrate at the same binding site on the enzyme. Dideo
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1989 Mar 17;114(11):414-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89210350
Neubauer A; van Lessen A; Huhn D; Abteilung Innere Medizin und Poliklinik, Universitatsklinikum; Rudolf Virchow, Standort Charlottenburg, Berlin.
Two methods of determining lymphocyte subpopulations were compared on samples obtained from 18 healthy blood donors and 16 HIV-positive patients. In the whole-blood method directly marked monoclonal antibodies were used, whereas Ficoll-separated mononuclear cells were assayed indirectly. The number of CD4-positive hel
Carini C; Margolick J; Yodoi J; Ishizaka K; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients were cultured in the presence or absence of 10 micrograms/ml human IgE, and culture filtrates were fractionated on IgE-Sepharose. IgE-binding factors were assessed in the acid eluate fraction from IgE-Sepharose by both rosette inhibit
Hilton G; School of Nursing, University of San Francisco, CA 94117-1080.
The most frequently documented neurologic manifestation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive patients is known as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex. Three stages of dementia progression have been identified with impairment noted in cognitive,
Iseki M; Maekawa T; Moriya K; Uni S; Takada S; Department of Medical Zoology, Osaka City University Medical; School, Japan.
The infectivity of Cryptosporidium muris (strain RN 66), originally isolated from the house rat (Iseki 1986), to various laboratory animals was studied by transmission experiments. After oral inoculation with 1 x 10(6) oocysts, mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs, and cats all discharged endogenously produced oocysts in
Jouault T; Chapuis F; Olivier R; Parravicini C; Bahraoui E; Gluckman JC; Laboratoire de Biologie et Genetique des Deficits; Immunitaires, UER Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
We investigated whether human immunoglobulin G (IgG) directed to gp110 may serve as an attachment system to Fc-gamma receptors (Fc-gamma R), allowing eventual infection of cells of the macrophage lineage. An anti-HIV IgG preparation that prevented viral particles and soluble recombinant radiolabelled envelope precurso
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):205-15. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228774
Nicholson JK; Spira TJ; Aloisio CH; Jones BM; Kennedy MS; Holman RC; McDougal JS; Division of Host Factors, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta,; GA 30333.
Lymphocyte subset enumerations, antibody titers to specific proteins of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and measurement of infectious HIV titers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were performed on serial blood specimens from 15 HIV-infected homosexual men with chronic lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS); 6 of these
Ridley DJ; Houk RW; Reid MJ; Boswell RN; Division of Medicine, Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center, Lackland; AFB, Texas.
Two hundred twelve patients with enzyme immunoassay and Western blot confirmation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were evaluated with anergy panel, lymphocyte cell surface phenotyping, lymphocyte transformation, and serum immunoglobulins. Mitogen responses were used to develop a lymphocyte transformati
Changes in immunologic parameters were followed in members of a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive homosexual or bisexual men with lymphadenopathy and were analyzed for differences between those who have and those who have not progressed to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (progressors,
Morgan JE; Daul CB; de Shazo RD; Andes WA; Hyslop NH; Tulane/Louisiana State University AIDS Clinical Trial Group, New; Orleans.
Cytotoxic cells appear to play an important role in host defense against viral infection. In HIV-1 infection there is an expansion of the Leu7-positive lymphocyte population which is associated with cytotoxic activity. Since a form of non-MHC-restricted T-cell cytotoxicity [lectin-dependent cell cytotoxicity (LDCC)] h
Groisser D; Bottone EJ; Lebwohl M; Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY.
The possible causative role of the yeastlike fungus Pityrosporum (Malassezia) orbiculare in the pathogenesis of seborrheic dermatitis in patients with and without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been discussed but not resolved. Ten patients with AIDS-related seborrheic dermatitis were studied for the pre
Kobayashi H; Yasuda H; Ando M; Oguma S; Fukaya T; Ohkawara A; Ishizaka A; Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University School of; Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Adult T cell leukemia, an endemic disease in the southwestern part of Japan , is characterized (1) by a short survival, (2) by leukemic T cells in peripheral blood that have lobulated nuclei and helper/inducer surface phenotypes, and (3) by cutaneous involvement. A 34-year-old man wh
Verrusio AC; Neidle EA; Nash KD; Silverman S Jr; Horowitz AM; Wagner KS; Council on Dental Research, American Dental Association, Chicago; 60611.
Two national surveys of infection control practices in 1986 and 1988 suggest several trends. A massive educational effort has brought about impressive acceptance and use of the hepatitis vaccine. Dramatic changes have occurred in respect to use of gloves and other barrier techniques. However, increased understanding o
Lapham CK; Sacks LV; Tomar RH; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Health Science; Center at Syracuse.
We have previously shown that streptococcal product (SP) extracted from the culture supernatants of Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615 augments NK activity, partly by inducing the release of soluble factors from mononuclear cells. In this study we use SP as an NK stimulant to investigate the mechanism of NK depression
Blettery B; Corgibert-Escalier F; Virot C; Tavernier C; Service de Renimation medicale, Hopital General, Dijon.
From a prospective study of 152 patients admitted to an emergency department on account of malaise (i.e. dizziness with or without syncope), the authors have extracted a number of interesting points. After 24 hours under observation with questioning, physical examination and measurement of blood alcohol, glucose and c
Ganser A; Greher J; Volkers B; Staszewski S; Hoelzer D; Department of Hematology, University of Frankfurt, FRG.
Therapy of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) with azidothymidine ( AZT ) and 2 -3 -dideoxycytidine ( ddC ) is complicated by severe
Hoover EA; Zeidner NS; Perigo NA; Quackenbush SL; Strobel JD; Hill DL; Mullins JI; Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins; 80523.
Severe progressive immunodeficiency syndrome can be induced experimentally with a molecularly cloned isolate of feline leukemia virus (FeLV-FAIDS). The resultant disease syndrome is characterized by persistent viremia, lymphopenia, progressive weight loss, persistent diarrhea, enteropathy, and opportunistic infections
Ruprecht RM; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass. 02115.
Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RLV) infection of adult mice results in splenomegaly that is proportional to the virus titer. We have used this model to study the therapy of chronic viremia as well as chemoprophylaxis after viral exposure, both with single agents and with
Tavares L; Roneker C; Postie L; de Noronha F; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, New York State College of; Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853.
In the present communication we evaluate the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection of cats as a model for antiretroviral chemotherapy studies. Additionally, we report the results of testing the antiviral effect of the compounds, 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine (
Petursson G; Palsson PA; Georgsson G; Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland,; Keldur, Reykjavik.
Controlled animal experiments with the ovine maedi-visna virus, the prototype lentivirus, have been carried out for almost 40 years. This non-oncogenic virus leads to a life-long, persistent infection with slow development of lesions in the lungs and in the central nervous system. The virus is present in many cells in
Straub OC; Bundesforschungsanstalt fur Viruskrankheiten der Tiere,; Tubingen, BRD.
After an introductory description of the subfamily lentivirinae and the relations between Maedi/Visna virus and caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) virus und HIV, the present knowledge on CAE, including the clinical picture, pathological lesions, global distribution and transmission studies, is outlined. Other intere
Herchenroder O; Stahl-Hennig C; Luke W; Schneider J; Schulze G; Hartmann H; Schmidt H; Tenner-Racz K; Racz P; Hayami M; et al; Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Gottingen, FRG.
To establish an animal model for AIDS, 6 juvenile rhesus monkeys were infected intravenously with cell-free SIVagmTYO-1, 5, or 7. One animal was infected with SIV of known pathogenicity isolated from a sooty mangabey (SIVsmm). The 2 animals infected with TYO-1, 1 of 2 infected with TYO-7 and the 1 infected with SIVsmm
J Immunol. 1989 May 1;142(9):3070-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89215266
Pincus SH; Wehrly K; Chesebro B; Laboratory of Microbial Structure and Function, National; Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT 59840.
mAb 907 is directed against the envelope protein of the HIV. The epitope recognized by this antibody is expressed in moderate density on the surface of tissue culture cells infected with the LAV/HTLV-IIIB strain of HIV. We have coupled antibody 907 to ricin A chain (RAC). The antibody-RAC conjugate inhibited protein s
Gardner TD; Youle M; Hanson PJ; Griffiths PD; Collins JV; Gazzard BG; St Stephen's Hospital, London, U.K.
Fibreoptic bronchoscopy was performed in 43 of 52 consecutive patients with opportunistic pneumonia in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The 15 patients in whom a likely pathogen was not found by bronchoscopy (including the nine not having the procedure) were treated for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (P
Viviani MA; Tortorano AM; Langer M; Almaviva M; Negri C; Cristina S; Scoccia S; De Maria R; Fiocchi R; Ferrazzi P; et al; Universita degli Studi di Milano, Ospedale Maggiore, Italy.
Cryptococcosis and aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients are extremely difficult clinical conditions to manage and treatment with available antifungal drugs often fails. Itraconazole, R-51211, Janssen Pharmaceutica, a new orally absorbed triazole, is a possible alternative drug which is potentially effective and
Schwartz DL; So HB; Bungarz WR; Becker JB; Daum F; Naidich JB; Kahn E; Division of Pediatric Surgery, North Shore University Hospital,; Manhasset, Long Island, NY.
This is the first reported case of an infant with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection that presented with massive life-threatening lower intestinal hemorrhage. Arteriography was usef
Radding JA; Armstrong MY; Bogucki MS; Richards FF; Yale MacArthur Center for Molecular Parasitology, Yale University; School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
Pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic pathogen of man, carried as a commensal in healthy subjects. It frequently causes a fatal pneumonia in the immunosuppressed host. It is a major complication of HIV-1 infection in man (AIDS). Using surface radioiodination of rat-derived P. carinii trophozoites obtained from in v
Oka S; Tokitsu M; Mori H; Nakata H; Goto M; Goto H; Shimada K; Infection Research Department, Institute of Medical Science,; University of Tokyo.
Clinical evaluation of fluconazole was performed on 12 cases of mycotic infections (7 cases of Candida esophagitis; one each case of cryptococcal meningitis with AIDS, Candida tropicalis fungemia and disseminated cryptococcosis in kidney transplant patient; 2 cases of Candida pneumonia). Satisfactory responses were ob
Cantrill HL; Henry K; Melroe NH; Knobloch WH; Ramsay RC; Balfour HH Jr; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota School of; Medicine, Minneapolis.
Long-term management of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) retinitis by intravitreal injection of ganciclovir was evaluated in ten patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Patients were unable to tolerate systemic gancicl
Between 1987 and 1988 592 serum samples were analyzed in order to determine the prevalence of cytomegalovirus ( CMV ), hepatitis-B and HIV-1 antibodies among healthy blood donors and different risk groups in the region of Zuric
Lang W; Miklossy J; Deruaz JP; Pizzolato GP; Probst A; Schaffner T; Gessaga E; Kleihues P; Division of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Neuropathological changes were studied in a consecutive autopsy series of 135 cases, comprising 73% of all patients who died of AIDS in Switzerland between April 1981 and December 1987. Central nervous system involvement was found in 119 patients (88%), 19 of which had multipl
Am J Ophthalmol. 1989 May 15;107(5):523-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226006
Lipson BK; Freeman WR; Beniz J; Goldbaum MH; Hesselink JR; Weinreb RN; Sadun AA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego; School of Medicine, La Jolla.
We studied two cases of bilateral visual loss secondary to an optic neuropathy in patients with cryptococcal meningitis. In both cases a history of visual loss after the onset of an episode of cryptococcal meningitis was elicited. Visual fields were consistent with optic nerve disease. The patients visual loss appear
Am J Dermatopathol. 1989 Apr;11(2):136-43. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226224
Lee JY; Peel R; Department of Pathology, Presbyterian University Hospital,; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infection involving the skin is rare. Only a few cases have been documented by skin biopsies, including three patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We report concurrent CMV and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in ski
Kornstein MJ; Weber J; Luck JB; Massey GV; Strom S; McWilliams NB; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond; 23298-0662.
A 17-year-old boy with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy developed multiple-organ failure and died three weeks after hospital admission. A lymph node biopsy specimen demonstrated a florid immunoblastic infiltrate that was suspicious for a malignant lymphoma. By using immunoperoxidase and molecular biologic techniques
Snyder HW Jr; Bertram JH; Channel M; Ernst NR; Balint JP; Jones FR; IMRE Corporation, Seattle Washington 98109-4933.
Platelet-directed antibodies and circulating immune complexes (CIC) were removed from plasma of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) by extracorporeal immunoadsorption using columns of Staphylococcal protein A-silica (Prosorba columns). In addition, s
Moore JP; Wallace LA; Follett EA; McKeating JA; Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Glasgow, UK.
We have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) specific for antibodies to the envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp160 of HIV-1. An antibody to a conserved epitope on gp120 is adsorbed to a solid phase and used to capture gp120 and/or gp160 from solution. This may be purified recombinant protein or in si
Susceptibility of a human astrocytoma cell line to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection was investigated. Infection of U-373MG astrocytoma cells with two strains of HCMV resulted in both production of extracellular, infectious virus and expression of immediate early and early ant
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):225-31. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228776
Jahan N; Razzaque A; Greenspan J; Conant MA; Josephs SF; Nakamura S; Rosenthal LJ; Department of Microbiology, Georgetown Medical Center,; Washington, D.C. 20007.
Investigation into a possible role of several human viruses, including human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the pathogenesis of Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) has resulted in
Blood. 1989 May 15;73(7):2041-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89229454
Scillian JJ; McHugh TM; Busch MP; Tam M; Fulwyler MJ; Chien DY; Vyas GN; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University; of California, San Francisco 94143.
There is evidence that some human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals have prolonged periods of seronegativity. A flow cytometric immunoreactive bead (IRB) assay is described for quantitative, simultaneous, and early detection of antibodies to HIV. Polystyrene beads of four diameters, each size coated wi
Grant SM; Clissold SP; ADIS Drug Information Services, Auckland, New Zealand.
Itraconazole is an orally active triazole antifungal drug which has demonstrated a broad spectrum of activity and a favourable pharmacokinetic profile. It is a potent inhibitor of most human fungal pathogens including Aspergillus sp. In non-comparative clinical trials itraconazole was shown to be extremely effective i
Mele A; Verani P; Caprilli F; Gentili G; Stazi MA; Rezza G; Sernicola L; Franco E; Prignano G; Pasquini P; Laboratorio di Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Istituto Superiore; di Sanita, Rome, Italy.
The prevalence of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV-1) was determined in 924 outpatients attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. The overall prevalence of anti-HIV-1 was 9%. Six of 14 intravenous drug addicts and 4 of 34 patients of African origin were anti-HIV-1 positive. In the other 876
Weber J; Department of Medicine, Royal Post-graduate Medical School,; Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
The world now has a pandemic of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1). More recently, a focus of epidemic HIV-2 infection in West Africa has been noted and this too is spreading internationally. HIV-2 closely resembles a simian lentivirus, SIV; SIV isolates have now been made from African (but n
Jeffries DJ; Division of Virology, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School,; Paddington, London, UK.
2 ,3 -Dideoxycytidine (ddc) is a 2 ,3 -dideoxypyrimidine nucleotide which has been shown to be active against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in cell cultures. This article reviews some of the laboratory studies with this antiviral compound, and available pharmacokinetic and toxicity data from phase 1 stud
Tyms AS; Taylor DL; Parkin JM; Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Mary's Hospital Medical; School, Paddington, London, UK.
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is complex in nature with one major aetiological factor but with numerous other agents exploiting the immune incompetence. Cytomegaloviruses ( CMV ) form a little-defined group of viruses which naturally persist in man
Carman WF; Kidd AH; National Institute for Virology, University of the Witwatersrand,; Johannesburg, South Africa.
Optimal conditions for in-vitro enzymatic DNA amplification using Thermus aquaticus polymerase were defined using env and gag sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type I as templates. It was found that specific amplification of the target sequence occurred when the primer annealing temperature was above 55 degree
J Immunol. 1989 May 15;142(10):3553-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89235161
Wahl SM; Allen JB; Gartner S; Orenstein JM; Popovic M; Chenoweth DE; Arthur LO; Farrar WL; Wahl LM; Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Dental Research,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Peripheral blood monocytes from AIDS patients exhibit defective migratory responses to chemotactic stimuli in vitro and to inflammatory sites in vivo. In studies presented here, normal monocytes were infected with the HIV-1/HTLV-IIIBa-L isolate in vitro and evaluated for chemotactic responsiveness. Within 2 days after
Gangemi JD; Lazdins J; Dietrich FM; Matter A; Poncioni B; Hochkeppel HK; Research Laboratories, Pharmaceuticals Division, CIBA-GEIGY Ltd.,; Basel, Switzerland.
The antiviral potential of a novel cross-species active, recombinant human interferon-alpha B/D hybrid (rHuIFN-alpha B/D), was evaluated for its efficiacy in cultured human monocytes and in several murine models of viral disease. When examined in 14-day-old human monocyte cultures, rHuIFN-alpha B/D was highly effectiv
Chitty KK; University of Tennessee, School of Nursing, Chattanooga.
This survey was undertaken to determine how nursing school curricula have been impacted by the dramatic increase in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The purpose of the study was to determine the status of current AIDS-related curricular offerings in associate degree, diploma, and baccalaureate National Leag
J Med Primatol. 1989;18(2):73-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89236373
Fultz PN; Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University,; Atlanta, GA.
Because of the close phylogenetic relationship, nonhuman primates are highly susceptible to human pathogens, including infection of chimpanzees by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of AIDS. This, and the existence of a highly related simian virus, SIV, which causes an AIDS-like disease in mac
Nature. 1989 May 4;339(6219):68-70. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89238549
Traunecker A; Schneider J; Kiefer H; Karjalainen K; Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) exploits the cell surface CD4 molecule to initiate the infection which can lead, eventually, to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The HIV-1 envelope protein, gp120, interacts specifically with CD4 and soluble CD4 molecules have been shown to inhibit HIV infectiv
Roth WK; Werner S; Schirren CG; Hofschneider PH; Max-Planck-Institut fur Biochemie, Martinsried, Federal Republic; of Germany.
We have examined the mitogenic potential of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) on AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)-related and sporadic Kaposi s sarcoma cells in comparison to fibroblasts at physiological and subphysiological calcium concentrations of the culture medium. At low calcium concentrations in t
Seto MH; Brunck TK; Bernstein RL; Triton Biosciences Inc., Department of Protein Chemistry,; Alameda, CA 94501.
Overlapping redundant short oligomers in DNA sequences of retroviruses and papovaviruses have been identified. For each sequence, a search procedure determines the 5% short oligomers of the same length with the highest ratios of observed to expected occurrences based on singlet composition of the sequence. These short
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3346-50. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89240730
Kowalski M; Ardman B; Basiripour L; Lu YC; Blohm D; Haseltine W; Sodroski J; Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston, MA 02115.
The attachment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to target cells is mediated by a specific interaction between the viral envelope glycoprotein (gp120) and the CD4 receptor. Here we report that approximately 10% of HIV-1-infected individuals produce antibodies that recognize the extracellular portion of th
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3351-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89240731
Grassmann R; Dengler C; Muller-Fleckenstein I; Fleckenstein B; McGuire K; Dokhelar MC; Sodroski JG; Haseltine WA; Institut fur Klinische und Molekulare Virologie, Universitat; Erlangen-Nurnberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
The role of the X region of the genome of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in the immortalization of lymphocytes has been difficult to distinguish from its role in viral replication as this region encodes at least two genes, tax and rex, required for replication and the expression of viral proteins. To
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3384-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89240738
Pal R; Hoke GM; Sarngadharan MG; Department of Cell Biology, Bionetics Research, Inc., Kensington,; MD 20895.
The processing and maturation of envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were studied in infected cells treated with inhibitors of oligosaccharide processing. In MOLT-3 cells chronically infected with HIV-1 (strain HTLV-IIIB), tunicamycin severely inhibited the glycosylation of envelope p
Science. 1989 May 12;244(4905):694-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89242140
Bosch ML; Earl PL; Fargnoli K; Picciafuoco S; Giombini F; Wong-Staal F; Franchini G; Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
Membrane fusion induced by the envelope glycoproteins of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIVmac) is a necessary step for the infection of CD4 cells and for the formation of syncytia after infection. Identification of the region in these molecules that mediates the fusion events is important for unde
Kubota S; Endo S; Maki M; Hatanaka M; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Japan.
The tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has a characteristic cysteine-rich region containing 7 cysteines within 16 residues. The role of this region was investigated by creation of several tat gene mutants. The activities of the novel tat gene translational products were assayed by measuring the co-trans
Fletcher CV; Balfour HH Jr; Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Minnesota College; of Pharmacy, Minneapolis 55455.
Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) infections are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. Ganciclovir is an acyclic deoxyguanosine analog structurally similar to acyclovir but with superior activity agai
In December, 1986, a nationwide serological survey of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in the general population of Rwanda was done in two parts--one in the rural and the other in the urban population. The sampling method was a modification of the cluster sampl
Lancet. 1989 May 6;1(8645):983-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89218416
Tersmette M; Lange JM; de Goede RE; de Wolf F; Eeftink-Schattenkerk JK; Schellekens PT; Coutinho RA; Huisman JG; Goudsmit J; Miedema F; Central Laboratory of the Netherlands Red Cross Blood Transfusion; Service, Amsterdam.
49 individuals seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody were studied longitudinally for the relation between in-vitro properties of their sequential HIV isolates and clinical course before and after the development of AIDS. They were classified into three groups according to the syncytium-inducing
Am J Med. 1989 May;86(5):533-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89225892
Murray HW; Godbold JH; Jurica KB; Roberts RB; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cornell University Medical; College, New York, New York.
PURPOSE: In 1985, we reported that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed in 14 of 81 (17%) men with generalized lymphadenopathy followed prospectively for an average of 13 months. The presence of oral thrush or constitutional symptoms, or both, or severely impaire
Ann Chir. 1989;43(2):142-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89226906
Velly JF; Lefevre P; Curtet M; Couraud L
The authors report two cases of lung resection in patients with AIDS: left upper lobectomy for diagnosis and treatment of an active, localized lung lesion which proved to be tuberculosis and atypical resection of the right apex and pleurodesis for an infected pneumohydrothorax. The postoperative course was uneventful
Feldman SB; Sexton FM; Glenn JD; Lookingbill DP; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State; University, Hershey.
The immune status of four men with bowenoid papulosis was evaluated. Each case had been refractory to multiple methods of treatment. Three of the men had other infections and demonstrated a depletion of T4-helper cells. Two of these patients were anergic on skin testing, and the third showed weak reactivity. The fourt
Brini AT; Harel-Bellan A; Korner M; Farrar WL; Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Frederick Cancer; Research Facility, MD 21701-1013.
We have examined the formation of a DNA enhancer - protein complex occurring in situ. Oligonucleotides corresponding to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) core enhancer sequence were synthesized, annealed and radiolabeled. The DNA was electroporated either into Jurkat cells or into fresh human peripheral blood T l
Chachoua A; Krigel R; Lafleur F; Ostreicher R; Speer M; Laubenstein L; Wernz J; Rubenstein P; Zang E; Friedman-Kien A; New York University Medical Center, Department of Microbiology,; NY 10016.
Two hundred twelve patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related Kaposi s sarcoma (KS) were followed prospectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine significant predictors of survival and development of opportunistic infection (OI) from the time of diagnosis of KS. Cl
Lancet. 1989 May 20;1(8647):1096-100. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89237581
Ciampolillo A; Marini V; Mirakian R; Buscema M; Schulz T; Pujol-Borrell R; Bottazzo GF; Department of Immunology, University College, Middlesex School of; Medicine, London, UK.
On Southern blotting of DNA extracted from thyroid glands of five patients with Graves disease, two probes (720 bp and 942 bp) for gag human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gave a positive hybridisation signal in all samples tested. DNAs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells hybridised with the 720 bp gag HIV
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3322-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89240725
Schols D; Baba M; Pauwels R; Desmyter J; De Clercq E; Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit; Leuven, Belgium.
The triphenylmethane derivative aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA), but not aurin, selectively prevented the binding of OKT4A/Leu-3a monoclonal antibody (mAb) and, to a lesser extent, OKT4 mAb to the CD4 cell receptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The effect was seen within 1 min at an ATA concentration
Biesert L; Suhartono H; Winkler I; Meichsner C; Helsberg M; Hewlett G; Klimetzek V; Molling K; Schlumberger HD; Schrinner E; et al; Chemotherapeutisches Forschungsinstitut Georg-Speyer-Haus,; Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany.
Xylanpoly-(hydrogen sulphate) disodium salt with a molecular weight of about 6000 daltons (HOE/BAY 946) completely inhibited syncytium formation induced by the infection of T lymphocytes with HIV as well as viral replication at concentrations above 25 micrograms/ml. This dose was found to be inhibitory for several str
Chrystie IL; Almeida JD; Department of Virology, United Medical School, Guy's Hospital, St; Thomas's Campus, London, UK.
Thin-section studies of HIV-1- and HIV-2-infected cells were used to establish peak virus productivity and distribution of virus on and around infected cells. Maximum virus yields occurred 7 days after passage; cells at that stage were used as a source of virus for negative staining. Various methods of separating viru
Stanley MW; Henry MJ; Iber C; Department of Pathology, Hennepin County Medical Center,; Minneapolis, MN 55415.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a major infectious complication of immunodeficiency states, including the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a safe and effective procedure for making this diagnosis. In addition to the characteristic organisms, both histologic and cytolog
EMBO J. 1988 Dec 20;7(13):4179-84. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89210803
Bangham CR; Daenke S; Phillips RE; Cruickshank JK; Bell JI; Institute for Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital,; Oxford, UK.
Using oligonucleotide primers that hybridize to conserved sequences in the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene, we have amplified by the polymerase chain reaction three sequence variants of HTLV-I from the genomic DNA of five patients with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP), and a fourth sequence variant from a healthy ca
Habibi P; Strobel S; Smith I; Hyland K; Howells DW; Holzel H; Brett EM; Wilson J; Morgan G; Levinsky RJ; Hospital for Sick Children, London, United Kingdom.
Three children presenting with neurological symptoms were subsequently diagnosed as being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus I (HIV). All children showed normal development for about 12-18 months of age but later developed psychomotor and developmental regression. One child presented with generalised hypot
Gene. 1988 Dec 10;72(1-2):253-65. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89211919
Mercola D; Westwick J; Rundell AY; Adamson ED; Edwards SA; La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation, CA 92037.
Simian sarcoma virus (SSV)-infected NIH-3T3 cells (SSV-NIH-3T3), express a homologue of platelet-derived growth factor, (PDGF) a powerful inducer of the c-fos gene. We have used these cells to test the hypothesis that autocrine stimulation by PDGF-like molecules leads to c-fos expression which is functional in the tra
Starnes MC; Cheng YC; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of; North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7365.
Biochemical characteristics of the RNase H activity associated with immunoaffinity purified human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) were examined. Glycerol gradient centrifugation of HIV RT resulted in a single peak of RNase H, associated with RT activity, with an apparent molecular weight of 110
J Immunol. 1989 May 1;142(9):3091-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89215269
Weinhold KJ; Lyerly HK; Stanley SD; Austin AA; Matthews TJ; Bolognesi DP; Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; 27710.
The magnitude of immunologic defects observed in HIV-1-infected individuals before the development of overt AIDS is disproportionately high in comparison to the levels of infectious virus in these patients--suggesting that factors other than direct virus-induced cytopathology may be involved. With this in mind, we inv
Rossol S; Voth R; Laubenstein HP; Muller WE; Schroder HC; Meyer zum Buschenfelde KH; Hess G; I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitatsklinik Mainz,; FRG.
The production of interferon (IFN) from cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after virus or mitogen stimulation was evaluated in 141 patients positive for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). IFN-alpha production by PBMC of patients at Centers for Disease Control (CDC) stage II (Wal
Pifer LL; Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
Pneumocystis carinii-specific immune complexes were detected by immunoblot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 53% of sera from Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients with P. carinii pneumonia (PCP). Resolution of glycoprotein antigenemia (50-55 kd = dominant species) appears to correlate with
Doolittle RF; Feng DF; Johnson MS; McClure MA; Center for Molecular Genetics, University of California, San; Diego, La Jolla 92093.
As is the case for some other RNA viruses, the amino acid sequences of retroviral proteins change at an astonishing rate. For example, the proteases of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the visna lentivirus with which it is often compared are as different as the proteases of fungi and mammals, and those of th
Schinazi RF; Cannon DL; Arnold BH; Martino-Saltzman D; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia 30033.
Since clinical trials are being planned with the immunomodulating drug isoprinosine combined with the antiviral drug 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex, it is important
Wu JC; Chernow M; Boehme RE; Suttmann RT; McRoberts MJ; Prisbe EJ; Matthews TR; Marx PA; Chuang RY; Chen MS; Department of Antimicrobial Research, Syntex Research, Mountain; View, California 94043.
Reverse transcriptase from the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was found to have kinetic behavior similar to that of enzyme from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Michaelis constants for the substrates TTP and dGTP and inhibition constants for the inhibitors 3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine 5 -triphosphate, 2 ,3 -
Schinazi RF; Eriksson BF; Hughes SH; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia.
Several known antiretroviral agents were tested for their ability to inhibit the activities of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase purified from virions or from a recombinant Escherichia coli strain. The recombinant reverse transcriptase, a polypeptide of 66 kilodaltons, showed inhibition profile
Suzuki H; Okubo A; Yamazaki S; Suzuki K; Mitsuya H; Toda S; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Inhibition of the infectivity and cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by the immunoactive fractions obtained from LEM, which is an extract of the culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia, is reported. A purified fraction, EPS4, obtained from LEM by ethanol precipitation followed by hydrop
Norrby E; Chiodi F; Whalley A; Parks E; Naucler A; Costa CM; Torstensson R; Biberfeld G; Department of Virology, Karolinska Institutet, School of; Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
A 23-amino-acid-long peptide (AIEKYLEDQAQLNAWGCAFRQVC) representing the transmembranous protein gp32 in SIVmac was used in site-directed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of HIV-2-specific antibodies in 567 sera from Bissau, Guinea Bissau. Ninety out of the 56
Boucher CA; de Wolf F; Houweling JT; Bakker M; Dekker J; Roos MT; Coutinho RA; van der Noordaa J; Goudsmit J; Human Retrovirus Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam,; The Netherlands.
Sequential sera of homosexual men participating in a prospective study on the incidence of HIV-1 infection and risk factors for AIDS were tested for the presence of antibodies to a synthetic 17-mer (Neu21; KSIRIQRGPGRAFVTIG) representing a neutralization epitope as present on the LAV-1/HTLV-IIIB strain of HIV-1. Of 19
Pedersen C; Horn T; Junge J; Haahr S; Nielsen JO; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Copenhagen,; Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
Skin biopsies obtained from apparently normal skin from 15 HIV infected patients and 6 anti-HIV negative patients were examined by electron microscopy. Tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI) were detected within the cytoplasm of capillary endothelial cells in 5/5 AIDS patients and in 2/5 patients with AIDS related condition
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):173-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228771
Kenealy WR; Matthews TJ; Ganfield MC; Langlois AJ; Waselefsky DM; Petteway SR Jr; E.I. duPont de Nemours and Company, Medical Products Department,; Wilmington, DE 19898.
A total of 18 overlapping peptides were synthesized that covered envelope amino acid sequences (amino acids 288-472 of the III-B isolate) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Antibodies from human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected individuals bound to three of the peptides tested.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Apr;5(2):193-203. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89228773
Montefiori DC; Robinson WE Jr; Mitchell WM; Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University, School of; Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232.
Multiple drug effect analyses with mismatched double-stranded RNA (mismatched dsRNA or Ampligen) as a core drug were performed to identify other agents and mechanisms through which mismatched dsRNA may potentiate effective therapeutic intervention in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Antiviral activities w
Biochemistry. 1989 Feb 7;28(3):1340-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89229148
Majumdar C; Stein CA; Cohen JS; Broder S; Wilson SH; Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda,; Maryland 20892.
Primer recognition by purified HIV reverse transcriptase has been investigated. Earlier we found that the reaction pathway for DNA synthesis is ordered, with template-primer and free enzyme combining to form the first complex in the reaction sequence (Majumdar et al., 1988). We now find that d(C)28 is a linear competi
FEBS Lett. 1989 Apr 24;247(2):349-52. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89232152
von der Helm K; Gurtler L; Eberle J; Deinhardt F; Max von Pettenkofer Institute for Hygiene and Medical; Microbiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, FRG.
After incubation of H9 cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with pepstatin A at 10(-4) M for 2, 4, or 11 days, the culture medium contained significantly less HIV core antigen (p24) than controls without pepstatin A and no or only borderline activity of reverse transcriptase was detected. In addition
Immunol Lett. 1989 Mar;20(4):293-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89233286
Kanamori H; Suzuki N; Ishida N; Honjo T; Department of Medical Chemistry, Kyoto University Faculty of; Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
We have identified a suppressive element in the upstream region of the interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) receptor L chain (Tac) promoter. The inhibitory activity of this element was retained in human T cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1)-infected T cell lines which express constitu
Tisdale M; Larder BA; Lowe DM; Stammers DK; Purifoy DJ; Ertl P; Bradley C; Kemp S; Darby GK; Powell KL; Department of Molecular Sciences, Wellcome Research Laboratories,; Beckenham, Kent, UK.
The reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV is an important target for chemotherapy as demonstrated by the effective treatment of AIDS patients with zidovudine, a potent inhibitor of RT. Structural studies of HIV RT were therefore undertaken with a view to designing more effective inhibitors. To obtain sufficient quantities
Blumenfeld W; Griffiss JM; Department of Clinical Pathology, Veterans Administration Medical; Center, San Francisco, California 94121.
Two major impediments to the development of an in vitro cultivation system for Pneumocystis carinii are lack of an accurate means of quantitation and difficulty in determination of viability over time. Human-derived P. carinii exists as aggregates of cysts and trophozoites in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These aggreg
Land S; Beaton F; McPhee DA; Gust ID; Virology Department, Macfarlane Burnet Centre for Medical; Research, Fairfield Hospital for Communicable Diseases, Victoria,; Australia.
This report compares two assay systems for monitoring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in peripheral blood leukocyte cultures. A commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay detected core antigen (p24) in 80% of cell cultures from HIV-seropositive individuals, whereas 67% of the cell cultures produced detectable
Walker J; Conner G; Ho J; Hunt C; Pickering L; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead; Hospital, Australia.
Although Giemsa staining has been routinely used for the detection of trophozoites and intracystic bodies in smears of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) from patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, it does not normally stain the cyst wall. For detection of the cysts other stains such as toluidine Blue O and m
De Simone C; Ferrazzi M; Bitonti F; Falciano M; Tzantzoglou S; Delia S; Sorice F; Insegnamento Malattie Infettive, Universita dell'Aquila degli; Abruzzi, L'Aquila, Italy.
3 -azido-3 -deoxythymidine ( AZT ) was administered orally to 8 AIDS patients at a dose of 100 mg every 6 hours for 14 days. On days 8 - 14 the patients were also given 1 g inosine-pranobex (INPX) every 6 hours. On day 7, while the subjects were taking
J Immunol. 1989 May 15;142(10):3612-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89235170
Palker TJ; Matthews TJ; Langlois A; Tanner ME; Martin ME; Scearce RM; Kim JE; Berzofsky JA; Bolognesi DP; Haynes BF; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,; NC 27710.
In previous studies, we have used antisera raised to envelope (env)-gene-encoded synthetic peptides to identify a region of (HIV) glycoprotein (gp) 120 env protein designated SP10 that contains a type-specific neutralizing determinant. To develop a polyvalent, synthetic peptide inoculum that can evoke both neutralizin
Stafford ND; Herdman RC; Forster S; Munro AJ; Department of ENT Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, London.
Over a 40 month period, 219 patients with AIDS were seen at St. Mary s Hospital, London. Kaposi s sarcoma, one of the criteria for diagnosing the syndrome, was the presenting feature in 62 patients. Eighty four patients developed Kaposi s sarcoma at some stage of their disease and the head and neck region was involved
Noma T; Nakakubo H; Sugita M; Kumagai S; Maeda M; Shimizu A; Honjo T; Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto; University, Japan.
We have analyzed expression patterns of 7 lymphokine mRNAs by Northern blot analyses in 19 different human T cell clones derived from patients with adult T cell leukemia. However, we were not able to reveal particular combinations of lymphokine production that allowed classification of human T cells. Especially, four
De Simone C; De Marco F; Arancia G; Tzantzoglou S; Paradisi S; Sorice F; Insegnamento Malattie Infective, Universita degli Studi; dell'Aquila, Italy.
Methisoprinol (isoprinosine) is a synthetic compound with reported antiviral and immunomodulating properties. Results of the present study showed that methisoprinol at concentrations greater than or equal to 200 micrograms/ml reduces the p24 and gp120 viral antigen expression on the surface of human immunodeficiency v
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3104-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89240684
Prasad VR; Goff SP; Department of Biochemistry, Columbia University, College of; Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032.
A plasmid construct expressing the p66 version of the human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase as a bacterial fusion protein was subjected to in vitro mutagenesis, and the resulting variant proteins were assayed to define the locations of the two major enzymatic activities. The DNA polymerase activity was lo
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3301-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89240721
Gallatin WM; Gale MJ Jr; Hoffman PA; Willerford DM; Draves KE; Benveniste RE; Morton WR; Clark EA; Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research; Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
Although all CD4+ cells theoretically are at risk for infection by human immunodeficiency viruses or the related simian immunodeficiency viruses found in Old World monkeys, only a small proportion of CD4+ lymphocytes from infected individuals have detectable virus. This suggests that immunodeficiency viruses may repli
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 May;86(9):3311-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89240723
Rojo JM; Saizawa K; Janeway CA Jr; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New; Haven, CT 06510.
CD4 can physically associate with the CD3-T-cell receptor complex as visualized in cocapping experiments. This association occurs when the T-cell receptor is cross-linked by certain anti-variable region antibodies that appear to induce a conformational change in the receptor such that it associate with CD4. Similar as
Science. 1989 May 5;244(4904):575-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/89242121
Poli G; Orenstein JM; Kinter A; Folks TM; Fauci AS; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and; Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Promonocytic (U1) and T lymphocytic (ACH-2) cell lines chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) constitutively express low levels of virus, but expression can be induced by phorbol esters and cytokines. Whereas ACH-2 cells produce infectious virions, U1 cells produce defective, noninfectio
Hizi A; Barber A; Hughes SH; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv,; Israel.
We have described a strain of Escherichia coli that expresses high levels of enzymatically active, soluble, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (A. Hizi, C. McGill, and S. H. Hughes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 1218-1222, 1988). The clone can be used as a source of the enzyme and to generate and characterize mutations in
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