Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
FELINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS: CURRENT STATUS OF THE FELINE ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME AND IMMUNOPREVENTION
AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, and other Manifestations of HIV Infection. Wormser GP et al, eds. Park Ridge, NJ, Noyes Publications, p. 160-85, 1987.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/88647000 Olsen RG; Lafrado LJ; Lewis MG; Mathes LE; Haffer K; Sharpee R; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH
Abstract:
Retrovirus-induced acquired immune deficiency has been recognized in numerous animal virus systems for more than a decade. These animal retroviruses, including feline leukemia virus (FeLV), murine leukemia virus, and avian leukosis virus have, as common outcomes of infection, a loss of immune competence and induction of neoplasia. The pathogenesis of immunosuppression in feline retrovirus infection in feline animal model systems is discussed, focusing on immunodeficiency related to FeLV. New data are introduced that have implications for retrovirus research in general and acquired immune deficiency syndrome research, especially for vaccine development. Immunosuppression accompanies virtually all FeLV infections, rendering the host susceptible to a myriad of opportunistic or pathogenic agents. Thymic atrophy, lymphoid and myeloid depletion, hemolytic anemia and/or nonregenerative anemia are common clinical findings in FeLV-viremic cats. Immunosuppression in FeLV-infected cats may also be accounted for, at least in part, by the presence of high levels of circulating immune complexes (CICs) or other specific blocking factors. Staphylococcal protein A has been used to remove CIC from cat plasma, leading to dramatic improvement in FeLV-infected animals. CIC removal may not be the only mechanism of this immunomodulation, however. The development of a protective immune response against FeLV provides life-long immunity to subsequent exposure to the virus. The protective immune response consists of a humoral response towards both viral proteins and viral-related neoplastic disease. Research efforts in vaccine development for FeLV have provided both a precedent and a paradigm for development of vaccines in other retroviral diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus infection. The authors' data indicate that development of vaccines for retroviral pathogens is possible and practical. (128 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/IMMUNOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL/*VETERINARY Animal Cat Diseases/*IMMUNOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL Cats Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral Immunotherapy/METHODS Leukemia Virus, Feline/*IMMUNOLOGY Viral Vaccines/IMMUNOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
