Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
THE ROLE OF HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC RETROVIRUSES IN LEUKEMIA AND AIDS
AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, and other Manifestations of HIV Infection. Wormser GP et al, eds. Park Ridge, NJ, Noyes Publications, p. 186-249, 1987.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/88647001 Sarngadharan MG; Markham PD; Dept. of Cell Biology, Bionetics Res., Inc., Rockville, MD
Abstract:
Shortly after the technology to grow human T cells became available in 1976, the first key experiments to develop long-term cultures of human neoplastic T cells were conducted, leading, in turn, to the isolation of the first human retroviruses. The characteristics of human T lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs), their disease associations and epidemiology, and their relationship with other retroviruses are discussed. Topics include HTLV-I and adult T-cell leukemia (ATL); HTLV-I is a horizontally transmitted human retrovirus; genome organization; isolation of HTLV-I from primary cultures of ATL patients; biological properties of HTLV-I; effects of HTLV-I on immune function; other HTLV-I-associated diseases; seroepidemiology of HTLV-I; HTLV-II; biological properties of HTLV-III (isolation, tissue sources, transmission, seroepidemiological correlation between HTLV-III infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome [AIDS]); molecular properties of HTLV-III (genome cloning and nucleotide sequence, cloning of tat, sor, and 3' open-reading frame genes, HTLV-III proteins, HTLV-III gene products, and genetic variability of HTLV-III genomes); mechanisms of cytopathic effect and immunosuppression; HTLV-III-associated diseases other than AIDS; control of the spread of HTLV-III; primate retroviruses related to HTLV-I and -III; and other human retroviruses. To date, there has been an exhaustive exploitation of a critical, but very limited, technology--the ability to grow human T cells in vitro. The experience gained with the study of the first known human retrovirus, which was the causative agent of a certain form of T-cell leukemia, gave insight into a possible cause of AIDS, soon after it was recognized that the underlying feature of the syndrome was the loss of T-cell function. As similar technologies become available for growing and manipulating other types of human cells, the authors anticipate similar breakthroughs in identifying etiologic agents for other diseases. (286 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/IMMUNOLOGY/*MICROBIOLOGY Antibodies, Viral/ANALYSIS Base Sequence Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral Genes, Viral Genetic Code Human HIV/*GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY HTLV-BLV Infections/IMMUNOLOGY/*MICROBIOLOGY HTLV-BLV Viruses/*GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY Viral Proteins/GENETICS MONOGRAPH REVIEW REVIEW, ACADEMIC
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Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.
