PULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS OF AIDS NLM AIDSLINE Important note: Information in this article was accurate in 1988. The state of the art may have changed since the publication date.

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PULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS OF AIDS

AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, and other Manifestations of HIV Infection. Wormser GP et al, eds. Park Ridge, NJ, Noyes Publications, p. 408-44, 1987.. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ICDB/88647006
Garay SM; Dept. of Medicine, New York Univ. Sch. of Medicine, New York, NY

Abstract: Many of the pulmonary infections seen in patients (pts) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) represent endogenous reactivation of previously dormant organisms, which are unmasked by the defect in cellular immunity. Pulmonary manifestations of AIDS are discussed, with emphasis on diagnosis and treatment. A generalized diagnostic algorithm for pulmonary evaluation and specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are presented for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), mycobacterial infections, cytomegalovirus infection, fungal pneumonias, bacterial pneumonias, pleural involvement (typically due to Kaposi's sarcoma [KS]), AIDS-related lymphoma, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, respiratory failure, and pulmonary KS. Many unanswered questions remain concerning the pulmonary manifestations of AIDS. The reason for the predominance of PCP in AIDS is not apparent; similarly, why some pts fail to respond to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TSMA) or pentamidine and why these drugs (especially TSMA) are associated with unusually adverse reactions remain perplexing clinical problems. The role and form of prophylactic therapy to prevent Pneumocystis infection still need to be addressed. The potential presence of other infectious organisms (eg, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M avium-intracellulare, cytomegalovirus, fungi, and pyogenic bacteria) make empiric antibiotic therapy unsatisfying and possibly dangerous. Improved methods to diagnose and treat KS await further research. While noninvasive means of diagnosis must be stressed, invasive methods must not be ruled out. (97 Refs)
Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*PATHOLOGY Biopsy Cytomegalovirus Infections/PATHOLOGY Human Lung/PATHOLOGY Lung Diseases/*PATHOLOGY Lung Diseases, Fungal/PATHOLOGY Lung Neoplasms/*PATHOLOGY Lymphoma/PATHOLOGY Opportunistic Infections/*PATHOLOGY Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii/PATHOLOGY Pulmonary Fibrosis/PATHOLOGY Sarcoma, Kaposi's/PATHOLOGY Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/PATHOLOGY MONOGRAPH REVIEW, TUTORIAL REVIEW

KWDacquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome/KWDpathologybiopsycytomegalovirusinfections/pathologyhumanlung/pathologylungdiseases/KWDpathologylungdiseases,fungal/pathologylungneoplasms/KWDpathologylymphoma/pathologyopportunisticinfections/KWDpathologypneumonia,pneumocystiscarinii/pathologypulmonaryfibrosis/pathologysarcoma,kaposi's/pathologytuberculosis,pulmonary/pathologymonographreview,tutorialreview
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M88A0653

Copyright © 1988 - National Library of Medicine. Reproduced under license with the National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.

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